WO2021134406A1 - 一种轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构 - Google Patents

一种轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021134406A1
WO2021134406A1 PCT/CN2019/130339 CN2019130339W WO2021134406A1 WO 2021134406 A1 WO2021134406 A1 WO 2021134406A1 CN 2019130339 W CN2019130339 W CN 2019130339W WO 2021134406 A1 WO2021134406 A1 WO 2021134406A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat dissipation
air duct
duct structure
rotor
axial flux
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/130339
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
余仁伟
Original Assignee
余仁伟
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 余仁伟 filed Critical 余仁伟
Priority to PCT/CN2019/130339 priority Critical patent/WO2021134406A1/zh
Priority to CN201990001342.1U priority patent/CN217135278U/zh
Publication of WO2021134406A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021134406A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a disc motor, in particular to the air duct structure of the disc motor.
  • Disc motors have the advantages of small size and light weight. However, traditional disc motors have low power density and low output efficiency. Through experiments, the inventor found a disc motor technical solution that can break through the bottleneck of traditional disc motors. .
  • Applied to axial flux disc generators in addition to improving the output power density and output efficiency from the cooperation of the stator and the rotor, improving the heat dissipation efficiency, reducing the consumption caused by the generator temperature rise, and reducing the line loss are all conducive to the further output efficiency improve. Effective cooling can significantly increase the magnetic field strength, increase the current carrying capacity of the coil, and prevent insulation leakage faults. Increasing the current density of the motor's thermal balance point is an important indicator to measure the quality of the motor. How to achieve continuous heat dissipation of the stator coil with minimal loss is a long-term pursuit in the industry the goal.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an air duct structure of the axial flux disk motor, so as to significantly increase the current density at the thermal balance point of the axial flux disk generator and improve the output efficiency.
  • the air duct structure of the axial flux disc motor is characterized in that: the main body of the disc motor includes, from front to back, a wind cover, a front rotor fixing piece, a stator disc, and a main fan arranged on the same axis.
  • the rear rotor fixing piece, the rotor flange and the heat dissipation fixing frame are all provided with a through hole in the center that can pass through the power shaft, wherein the wind hood is recessed toward the rear, and a continuous and complete wind hood side wall and front end are provided.
  • the end face of the windshield with through holes, the rear side is open;
  • the front rotor fixing piece and the rear rotor fixing piece are both ring-shaped, the side facing away from the stator disk is a ring of magnetic conductive material, and the side facing the stator disk is provided with magnet slots in one-to-one correspondence with the stator coil;
  • the main fan is provided with a pair of flat ring-shaped fixed rings coaxially, and the pair of fixed rings are fixedly connected by the main fan blades around a circle, so that the sides of the main fan penetrate each other in all directions, and the outer diameter of the fixed ring is larger than that of the stator disc.
  • the diameter of the through hole is small, and a pair of fixed rings in the assembled state are axially higher than the side profile on both sides of the stator disc;
  • the rotor flange is provided with a flange plate and a connecting cylinder fixed to the inner ring of the flange, the inner diameter of the connecting cylinder can pass through the power shaft, and the outer diameter of the connecting cylinder passes through the through hole of the main fan;
  • the wind cover, the stator disc and the heat dissipation fixing frame are fixedly connected as fixed parts.
  • the rotor flange, the main fan, the front rotor fixing piece and the rear rotor fixing piece are integrally fixedly connected by screws near the through hole to form a rotating part that rotates with the power shaft.
  • the fixed part and the rotating part are arranged at a gap.
  • a booster fan with a central through hole is further provided in front of the front rotor fixing plate, and the boosting fan is coaxially fixedly connected to the front rotor fixing plate as a whole.
  • the booster fan is in the shape of an annular disc with a through hole in the center, and a circle of oblique incisions inclined at the same angle with respect to the radial direction is provided around the central through hole on the outer periphery, and the disc at the oblique incision is folded toward the front side as a fan Leaves, so that the booster fan pushes the airflow to the outer circumference when it rotates with the power shaft.
  • the outer diameter of the heat dissipation fixing frame is larger than the outer diameter of the side wall of the wind hood, a ring of comb teeth with adjacent gaps are radially provided on the outer periphery of the heat dissipation fixing frame, and the diameter of the root of the comb teeth is larger than that of the side wall of the hood.
  • the outer diameter of the wall is 5% ⁇ 45% smaller.
  • the outer circumference of the wind shield is provided with a convex edge radially outward, and the convex edge directly contacts the outer end of the comb teeth and is fixedly connected to the wind shield and the heat dissipation fixing frame by fixing the contact part of the convex edge and the comb teeth.
  • a heat insulation layer is provided on the front of the heat dissipation fixing frame facing the rotor flange or the inner side of the heat dissipation fixing frame.
  • the ring-shaped back iron and the magnet frame are two separate ring-shaped parts with equal outer diameters, which are fixed into one body by fastening materials.
  • Holes or grooves are evenly distributed around the through holes on the magnet frame, which are used to fill and adjust the dynamic balance after being spliced with the ring-shaped back iron.
  • the side wall of the wind hood is perpendicular to the end surface of the wind hood or splays backward.
  • the stator disk is provided with an ironless copper coil with a circumference corresponding to the magnet in the magnet slot around the through hole.
  • the inventor of the present invention through repeated trials, tests and improvements, proposed a new axial flux disk motor air duct structure, so that the output efficiency of the ironless disk motor, which has been difficult to change for a long time, is improved by 10% compared to the traditional excitation barrel motor. % Above, the output power density is further improved, and the energy efficiency ratio is much higher than that of the traditional excitation barrel motor.
  • the heat dissipation performance of the coil itself is far higher than that of the iron core coil.
  • the iron core coil itself mainly dissipates heat through the silicon steel sheet, and the silicon steel sheet has low thermal conductivity. (Less than 15% of the thermal conductivity of copper), which limits the current carrying capacity and output power of the conductor.
  • the enameled copper wire of the stator coil is directly exposed and in contact with the air.
  • the heat dissipation area is far more than 2 times larger than that of the stator coil with iron core, and the heat dissipation effect is also good.
  • the solution of the present invention constructs a one-way air duct directly flowing through the coil and the heat dissipation components inside the motor, and the forced air flows out after passing through the heat dissipation components to the greatest extent without generating return.
  • a load of 2 ⁇ 3w can bring an output surplus of 230w.
  • the current density at the thermal equilibrium point has doubled from the traditional 8A/mm2 to 16A/mm2.
  • the wind hood plays an important role of airflow guiding and heat dissipation, forcing the airflow entering from the through hole of the wind hood to flow out from the comb tooth gap of the heat dissipation fixing frame in one direction.
  • the outside air enters from the wind hood and flows out to the inner side wall of the wind hood along the sides of the stator disk and the front and rear rotor fixing plates around the main fan, and reaches the heat dissipation and fixation backward under the front wind pressure.
  • the comb teeth of the frame flow out from the gap between the comb teeth.
  • the air hood and the heat dissipation fixing frame that flow through are made of aluminum alloy with good thermal conductivity.
  • the airflow flows through the copper coils on the stator disc surface and the front and rear rotor fixing plates.
  • the magnet on the side facing the airflow is directly cooled by the heat generated by the coil current, which also controls the temperature of the permanent magnet.
  • the heat of the power equipment transferred from the power shaft passes through the rotor flange that is in direct contact with the power shaft, the main fan, the booster fan, the rotor fixing fins and the heat dissipation fixing frame are fixedly connected as a radiator and passes through the airflow. Dissipate, maximize the heat dissipation area through which the heat dissipation airflow flows.
  • the power-assisted fan is thin and small in diameter. With a very small moment of inertia, the airflow from the main fan to the inner side wall of the windshield is forced to blow to the rear airflow outlet, preventing the hot airflow from returning, and allowing the airflow to flow in an orderly and unidirectional manner.
  • the front and rear rotor fixing pieces simultaneously serve to fix the magnets, form a magnetic circuit and construct a heat dissipation airflow channel, force the heat dissipation airflow to flow through the stator coil and magnet, and take the heat of the power shaft with the airflow, and transfer the radiant heat generated by the stator coil.
  • the heat transferred from the power shaft is intercepted and quickly conducts heat through the fan and the rotor fixing frame of good heat-conducting material, and dissipates together with the airflow.
  • the ring-shaped back iron and the magnet frame are independently arranged and fixed as a whole, which is beneficial to use different materials to make.
  • the ring-shaped back iron is made of thin iron sheets, while taking into account the functions of magnetism and air flow. Made of light aluminum alloy material, with good thermal conductivity and small moment of inertia, it also plays a role of heat dissipation and fixing magnets.
  • the magnet frames of the front and rear rotor fixing pieces are evenly distributed with holes or slots around it, which reduces the weight and plays the role of manual filling and adjustment of dynamic balance during debugging after assembly.
  • the heat insulation layer arranged on the front side of the heat dissipation fixing frame largely prevents the radiation heat energy of the power equipment from being transferred to the motor body.
  • the comb-tooth ends of the heat dissipation holder directly contact the wind hood, and the wind hood of good thermal conductivity material is connected with the heat dissipation holder to expand the capacity into a heat dissipation unit. Since the radiant heat of the power equipment is higher than that of the motor, the heat dissipation holder and the wind hood are good for absorption
  • the heat of the power equipment greatly reduces the heat transfer of the power equipment to the generator through the power shaft, which is beneficial to cool the power equipment and jointly improve the overall performance of the power equipment and the generator. It has also been proved in practice. The effect of the setting and position of the thermal layer.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of the structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a diagram of the assembled state when the windshield is transparent
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged schematic diagram of the main fan structure.
  • the air duct structure of the axial flux disk motor as shown in Figures 1 and 2 is used as the internal heat dissipation air duct of the coreless disk generator and the rotor and stator disk type
  • the combination of structure takes into account the efficient use of magnetic field strength and electromotive force conversion, while the air flow generated by the rotor driving the fan flows through the stator coil and rotor magnet in one direction, as well as heat dissipation components, to maximize the heat generated by the coil and the power equipment through the power shaft The transferred heat is dissipated.
  • the main body of the disc motor includes a wind hood 8, a booster fan 7, a front rotor fixing piece 6, a stator disc 5, a main fan 4, a rear rotor fixing piece 3, and a rotor flange arranged on the same axis in order from front to back. 2 and the heat-dissipating fixing frame 1, the center is provided with a through hole that can pass through the power shaft, and each part can be a revolving body centered on the center line of the power shaft.
  • the wind cover 8, the stator disc 5 and the heat dissipation fixing frame 1 are fixedly connected to each other as fixed parts, and the fixed parts are fixedly connected with the outer casing of the motor.
  • the rotor flange 2, the main fan 4, the booster fan 7, the front rotor fixing piece 6 and the rear rotor fixing piece 3 are fixed to each other as rotating parts by screws at positions adjacent to the through holes.
  • the rotating part is fixedly connected with the power shaft and rotates synchronously with the power shaft during operation.
  • the heat radiation of the power equipment body and the heat conduction of the power shaft are the main heat sources of the generator, in addition to the heat generated by the stator coil during the power generation process and the heat radiated from the outside.
  • the wind hood 8 is recessed to the rear, is provided with a continuous and complete wind hood side wall 9 and a wind hood end surface 10 with a through hole at the front, and the rear side is open; the wind hood 8 accommodates other fixed parts and rotating parts in the concave In the space, it can be made of aluminum alloy as a heat dissipation component.
  • a heat dissipation air duct is formed according to the shape of the wind cover and each motor component, forcing the heat dissipation airflow to flow through the heat sink in one direction and take away heat.
  • the inner side of the wind hood is usually a smooth revolving shape, and the caliber from front to back does not decrease.
  • a booster fan 7 with a central through hole is arranged between the front rotor fixing piece 6 and the front end of the windshield, and the boosting fan 7 is coaxially fixedly connected to the front rotor fixing piece 6 as a whole.
  • the booster fan 7 is in the shape of an annular sheet, provided with a round of oblique incisions on the outer periphery and folded on the front side as fan blades.
  • the incline direction of the incision facilitates the radial ejection of the air flow to the outer circumference when the power shaft rotates.
  • the booster fan 7 can be made of light-weight aluminum alloy material.
  • the aluminum alloy material has good thermal conductivity and can be used as a heat dissipation component. When rotating, the airflow flows out through the fan blades while taking away some heat.
  • the power-assisted fan is thin and small in diameter. The main fan is brought to the inner side wall of the wind hood with a very small moment of inertia.
  • the front rotor fixing piece 6 and the rear rotor fixing piece 3 are both ring-shaped pieces, and the shape of the front rotor fixing piece 6 and the rear rotor fixing piece 3 may be symmetrical to a plane passing through the center of the stator disk and perpendicular to the axis, and deviates from
  • the side of the stator disc 5 is a ring of magnetic material to facilitate the formation of a magnetic flux circuit. It can be cast iron.
  • the side facing the stator disc 5 can be made of lightweight aluminum alloy.
  • One side of the stator disc 5 is provided with magnet slots 11 in one-to-one correspondence with the stator coils, and permanent magnets are installed in the magnet slots after assembly.
  • the stator disc 5 between the front rotor fixing piece 6 and the rear rotor fixing piece 3 is used to fix the stator coils.
  • the stator coils are fixed on the disc surface of the stator disc in a ring shape each occupying a sector area, and both sides are provided with coils.
  • It is an enameled copper coil with no iron core. It has a circle around the power shaft.
  • the enameled copper wire of the stator coil is directly exposed.
  • the coil is arranged to avoid stacking and planar layout (see the applicant's other patent documents for the stator structure), so as to dissipate heat.
  • the area is larger than the stator coil with iron core, and the heat dissipation effect is also good.
  • the front and rear rotor fixing pieces simultaneously serve to fix the magnets, form a magnetic circuit and construct a heat dissipation airflow channel, force the heat dissipation airflow to flow through the stator coil and magnet, and take the heat of the power shaft with the airflow, and transfer the radiant heat generated by the stator coil. Intercept and quickly dissipate heat with the airflow together with the heat transferred from the power shaft.
  • the main fan 4 is coaxially provided with a pair of flat ring-shaped fixed rings 12, and the pair of fixed rings 12 are fixedly connected by a round of main fan blades 13.
  • the gap between the main fan blades 13 makes the sides of the main fan penetrate each other in all directions.
  • the outer diameter of the fixed ring 12 is smaller than the diameter of the through hole of the stator disc.
  • a pair of fixed rings are axially higher than the side profile on both sides of the stator disc.
  • the front rotor fixing piece 6 and the rear rotor fixing piece 3 are installed close to the fixing ring 12. Therefore, the fixing ring at both ends of the main fan is higher than the stator disc. There is a gap between them to ensure the operation of the rotating parts, and thereby set up an airflow heat dissipation channel.
  • the arc-shaped arrangement of the main fan blades 13 is beneficial to push the air around when the main fan 4 is fixed on the power shaft and rotates.
  • the main fan 4 is fixedly connected to the power shaft through the rotor flange 2.
  • the rotor flange 2 is provided with a flange 14 perpendicular to the rotating shaft and a connecting tube 15 fixed to the inner ring of the flange.
  • the connecting tube 15 is coaxial with the power rotating shaft, and the inner diameter of the connecting tube 15 can pass through the power rotating shaft.
  • the outer diameter of the connecting cylinder 15 penetrates the through hole of the main fan 4.
  • the connecting cylinder 15 can be embedded in the power shaft for transmission through a key, and it is usually necessary to fix the rotor flange to the power shaft by fasteners. Because the rotor flange plays the role of connecting the rotating parts and the power spindle, the torque load it bears during high-speed rotation is relatively large, and it should be made of higher-strength materials.
  • the outer diameter of the heat dissipation fixing frame 1 is larger than the inner diameter of the side wall 9 of the windshield.
  • a ring of comb teeth 16 is radially provided on the outer periphery of the heat dissipation fixing frame 1, and there is a gap between adjacent comb teeth 16 and the diameter of the root of the comb teeth
  • the outer diameter of the windshield 8 is 5% ⁇ 45% smaller.
  • the heat dissipation fixing frame 1 is fixedly installed on the rear face of the windshield.
  • the heat dissipation fixing frame plays a role of heat dissipation and protection.
  • a convex edge 17 is provided on the outer periphery of the wind cover 8 radially outward, and the air cover 8 and the heat dissipation fixing frame 1 are fixedly connected by the contact part of the convex edge 17 and the comb teeth 16.
  • the heat dissipation fixing frame 1 takes heat dissipation as its main function, and can be made of aluminum alloy material with high thermal conductivity.
  • the wind hood plays an important role of airflow guiding, forcing the airflow entering from the through hole of the wind hood to flow out from the comb tooth gap of the heat dissipation fixing frame in one direction.
  • the heat dissipation fixing frame 1 with a large heat dissipation area absorbs heat energy, and at the same time dissipates the heat energy through a fixedly connected wind hood, which is made of aluminum alloy material with good thermal conductivity.
  • the airflow flowing through the heat-dissipating fixing frame 1 takes out a part of the heat.
  • the front side of the heat dissipation fixing frame 1 is provided with a heat insulation layer.
  • the heat dissipation bracket 1 itself quickly absorbs and dissipates the radiant heat energy of the gasoline engine with higher temperature, which indirectly promotes the operation of the gasoline engine to be more stable, improves the efficiency of the gasoline engine while isolating the radiant heat of the gasoline engine, so that the heat transmitted to the power shaft is reduced.
  • the temperature of the sheet drops by more than 20°C.
  • the main fan and the booster fan are driven to rotate by the power shaft.
  • the outside air enters through the through hole at the front end of the windshield, and surrounds the main fan along the two sides of the stator plate and the front and back.
  • the disk surface of the rotor fixing piece flows out to the inner side wall of the wind hood; at the same time, the assisting fan guides part of the air flow radially to the side wall of the wind hood, blocking part of the air flow from the main fan and returning to the wind hood.
  • the rear end of the cover flows out, and the airflow reaches the comb teeth of the heat dissipation fixing frame, and flows out from the gap between the comb teeth.
  • the wind cover, booster fan, front side magnet frame of the front and rear rotor fixing plates and the heat dissipation fixing frame that flow through have good thermal conductivity.
  • the aluminum alloy material will quickly absorb the heat of the airflow, and at the same time take part of the heat out with the airflow.
  • the airflow flows through the copper coil on the stator disk.
  • the heat generated by the coil current is directly air-cooled, and at the same time it cools the permanent magnets flowing through it. The performance of permanent magnets is not degraded due to high temperature.
  • the heat of the power equipment transferred from the power shaft passes through the rotor flange that is in direct contact with the power shaft, the main fan, the booster fan, the rotor fixing fins and the heat dissipation fixing frame are fixedly connected as a radiator and passes through the airflow. Dissipate, maximize the heat dissipation area through which the heat dissipation airflow flows. Efficient heat dissipation makes the working performance of the motor more stable, and the output efficiency and output power density are significantly improved.

Abstract

一种轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构，盘式电机主体从前向后依次设有同一轴心线上设置的风罩（8）、助力风扇（7）、前转子固定片（6）、定子盘（5）、主风扇（4）、后转子固定片（3）、转子法兰（2）和散热固定架（1），主风扇设于定子盘的通孔内，风罩、定子盘和散热固定架固定连接为固定部件。

Description

一种轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构 技术领域
本发明涉及盘式电机，具体说是涉及盘式电机的风道结构。
 背景技术
盘式电机具有体积小、重量轻的优点，但是，传统的盘式电机的功率密度偏低，输出效率不高，本发明人通过实验发现了可以突破传统盘式电机瓶颈的盘式电机技术方案。应用于轴向磁通盘式发电机，除了从定子和转子的配合提升输出功率密度和输出效率外，提高散热效率，降低发电机温升带来的消耗以及降低线路损耗都有利于输出效率的进一步提高。有效降温可以明显提升磁场强度、提高线圈载流量和防止绝缘漏电故障，提升电机热平衡点的电流密度是衡量电机品质的重要指标，如何以最小的损耗实现对定子线圈的持续散热是业界长期追寻的目标。
 技术问题
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构，以显著提升轴向磁通盘式发电机热平衡点的电流密度，提高输出效率。
 技术解决方案
所述的轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构，其特征在于：所述的盘式电机主体从前向后依次包括同一轴心线上设置的风罩、前转子固定片、定子盘、主风扇、后转子固定片、转子法兰和散热固定架，中心均设有可穿过动力转轴的通孔，其中，所述风罩朝向后方凹入，设有一周连续完整的风罩侧壁和前端带通孔的风罩端面，后侧开放；
所述前转子固定片和后转子固定片均为环形片状，背离定子盘的一侧为导磁材料的环形，面对定子盘的一侧与定子线圈一一对应位置设有磁铁槽；
所述主风扇同轴设有一对平板环形的固定圈，一对固定圈之间通过环绕一周的主风扇叶片固定连接，使得主风扇的侧面各向相互贯通，固定圈的外径比定子盘的通孔直径小，组装状态的一对固定圈轴向分别高出定子盘的两侧侧面轮廓；
所述转子法兰设有法兰盘和固定于法兰盘内圈的连接筒，连接筒的内径正好可穿过动力转轴，连接筒的外径贯穿主风扇的通孔；
风罩、定子盘和散热固定架固定连接为固定部件，转子法兰、主风扇、前转子固定片和后转子固定片在临近通孔位置通过螺钉一体固定连接为随动力转轴转动的转动部件，固定部件与转动部件间隙设置。
进一步地，在前转子固定片的前方还设有带中心通孔的助力风扇，助力风扇同轴地与前转子固定片固定连接为一体。
优选地，所述助力风扇为中心带通孔的环形盘状，在外周环绕中心通孔设置有一周相对径向同角度倾斜的斜向切口，斜向切口处的盘面向前侧面折起作为扇叶，以使助力风扇随动力转轴转动时推动气流向外周流动。
优选地，所述散热固定架的外径比所述风罩侧壁的外径大，散热固定架的外周辐射状设有一圈带相邻间隙的梳齿，梳齿根部的直径比风罩侧壁的外径小5%~45%。
优选地，风罩的外周径向向外设有凸沿，凸沿与梳齿的外端部直接接触且通过将凸沿与梳齿的接触部位固定连接风罩与散热固定架。
优选地，在所述散热固定架朝向转子法兰的前方或散热固定架的内侧面设有隔热层。
所述环形背铁与磁铁架为分离的两等外径环形部件，通过紧固材料固定为一体。
磁铁架上环绕通孔均布有孔或槽，用于与环形背铁拼接后填充调节动平衡。
优选地，风罩侧壁与风罩端面垂直或向后外张。
优选地，定子盘上环绕通孔设置有一周大小与磁铁槽内的磁铁对应的无铁芯铜线圈。
 有益效果
本发明的发明人通过反复试验测试和改进，提出了新的轴向磁通盘式电机风道结构，使得长期以来难以变化的无铁芯盘式电机输出效率相对于传统励磁桶式电机提升了10%以上，输出功率密度进一步提高，能效比远高于传统励磁桶式电机。
本发明中，无铁芯的盘式电机由于铜线圈不被硅钢片包裹，线圈本身的散热性能远比有铁芯线圈高，有铁芯线圈本身主要通过硅钢片散热，而硅钢片导热系数低（不到铜导热系数的15%），限制了导体的载流量和输出功率。
定子线圈的漆包铜线直接裸露，与空气接触，散热面积远比有铁芯定子线圈大2倍以上，散热效果也好。
在无铁芯线圈本身的散热优势基础上，本发明方案在电机内部构建了一个直接流经线圈和散热部件的单向风道，强制进风最大程度地经过各散热部件后流出而不产生返流，整体结构没有冗余，对额定功率为3kw的盘式电机仅以2~3w的负荷带来230w的输出盈余。热平衡点的电流密度从传统的8安/平方毫米提升了一倍，达到16安/平方毫米。
风罩起到了重要的气流导向和散热的作用，迫使从风罩的通孔进入的气流单方向从散热固定架的梳齿空隙中流出。
外界空气在风扇的作用下，从风罩进入在主风扇四周沿定子盘两侧盘面和前、后转子固定片的盘面流出到风罩的内侧壁，在前端风压作用下向后到达散热固定架的梳齿，从梳齿间的空隙流出，所流经的风罩和散热固定架为导热性能好的铝合金材料，气流流经定子盘盘面上的铜线圈，以及前、后转子固定片面对气流的一侧的磁铁，线圈电流产生的热量被直接风冷，也控制了永久磁铁的温度。从动力转轴传递过来的动力设备的热量经过与动力转轴直接接触的转子法兰、经过固定连接为一体的主风扇、助力风扇、转子固定片和散热固定架作为散热器、通过所流经的气流散发，使得散热气流所流经的散热面积最大。
助力风扇薄而直径小，以极小的转动惯量将主风扇带到风罩内侧壁的气流加力吹到后方的气流出口，阻止热气流回流，并使气流有序地单向流动。
前、后转子固定片同时起到固定磁铁、形成导磁回路和构建散热气流通道、迫使散热气流流经定子线圈和磁体、将动力转轴热量随气流带出的作用，将定子线圈产生的辐射热量拦截并将动力转轴传递来的热量经过良导热材料的风扇和转子固定架快速导热、一起随气流散热。环形背铁与磁铁架独立设置并固定为一体，有利于使用不同的材质制作，例如环形背铁使用薄的铁片制作，同时兼顾导磁和气流导流的作用，磁铁架使用可良好导热而轻的铝合金材料制作，导热性能好而转动惯量小，同时起到散热和固定磁体的作用。
在前、后转子固定片的磁铁架上环绕均布有孔或槽，减轻重量的同时在组装后调试时起到人工填充调节动平衡的作用。
在散热固定架前侧设置的隔热层较大程度地避免了动力设备的辐射热能传递到电机本体上。散热固定架的梳齿端部直接接触风罩，将良导热材料的风罩与散热固定架连接扩容为一个散热整体，由于动力设备的辐射热高于电机发热，散热固定架和风罩有利于吸收动力设备的热量，从而大幅度地降低了动力设备的热能通过动力转轴对发电机产生热能传递，并有利于为动力设备降温，共同提高动力设备与发电机的整体性能，实践中也证明了隔热层的设置和设置位置带来的作用。
 附图说明
图1 是本发明结构分解图，
图2 是风罩透明时的组装状态图，
图3 是主风扇结构放大示意图。
图中：1-散热固定架，2-转子法兰，3-后转子固定片，4-主风扇，5-定子盘，6-前转子固定片，7-助力风扇，8-风罩，9-风罩侧壁，10-风罩端面，11-磁铁槽，12-固定圈，13-主风扇叶片，14-法兰盘，15-连接筒，16-梳齿，17-凸沿，18-通孔。
 本发明的最佳实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明：如图1、2中所示轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构，作为无铁芯盘式发电机的内部散热风道以及转子和定子盘式结构的结合，兼顾高效利用磁场强度和电动势转化的同时以转子带动风扇产生的气流单向流经定子线圈和转子磁铁，以及散热部件，最大化地将线圈产生的热量和由动力设备经过动力转轴传递的热量散发。
所述的盘式电机主体从前向后依次包括同一轴心线上设置的风罩8、助力风扇7、前转子固定片6、定子盘5、主风扇4、后转子固定片3、转子法兰2和散热固定架1，中心均设有可穿过动力转轴的通孔，各部件可均为以动力转轴中心线为中心的回转体。
其中，风罩8、定子盘5和散热固定架1相互固定连接为固定部件，固定部件与电机的外壳体固定连接。转子法兰2、主风扇4、助力风扇7、前转子固定片6和后转子固定片3在临近通孔位置通过螺钉相互固定为转动部件。转动部件与动力转轴固定连接，运行时与动力转轴同步转动。
动力设备本体的热辐射和动力转轴的热传导是发电机主要的热量来源，此外还有发电过程中定子线圈产生的热量和从外界辐射来的热量。
所述风罩8向后方凹入，设有一周连续完整的风罩侧壁9和前端带通孔的风罩端面10，后侧开放；风罩8将其他固定部件和转动部件容纳在凹入的空间中，本身可为铝合金材质，作为散热部件，同时依据风罩与各电机部件的形状配合形成散热风道，迫使散热气流单向从散热体流过并带走热量。风罩内侧面通常为平滑的回转形，由前向后方的口径不变小。
在前转子固定片6与风罩前端之间设有带中心通孔的助力风扇7，助力风扇7同轴地与前转子固定片6固定连接为一体。
所述助力风扇7为环形片状，在外周设置有一周斜向切口并向前侧面折起作为扇叶。切口的倾斜方向有利于当动力转轴转动时，将气流向外周径向推出。助力风扇7可采用重量轻的铝合金材料制作，铝合金材料的导热性能良好，本身可以作为散热部件，转动时将气流经过扇叶流出，同时带走部分热量。助力风扇薄而直径小，以极小的转动惯量将主风扇带到风罩内侧壁的向前方流动的气流阻挡并推送到后方的气流出口，阻止热气流回流，并使气流有序地单向流动。由于风罩的造型决定了即使助力风扇省略，总的气流方向不便，经过试验证明使用助力风扇的效果会更好。
所述前转子固定片6和所述后转子固定片3均为环形片状，前转子固定片6和后转子固定片3的形状可以与经过定子盘中心且垂直于轴心的平面对称，背离定子盘5的侧面为导磁材料的环形，以利于形成磁通回路，可为铸铁，面对定子盘5的一侧可为轻质的铝合金材料，两侧面贴合固定为一体，面对定子盘5的一侧与定子线圈一一对应位置设有磁铁槽11，组装后在磁铁槽内安装有永久磁铁。
前转子固定片6和后转子固定片3之间的定子盘5用于固定安装定子线圈，定子线圈以每个占用一个扇形区域的圈状固定在定子盘的盘面上，两侧面均设有线圈，为无铁芯的漆包铜线圈，环绕动力转轴设有一周，定子线圈的漆包铜线直接裸露，线圈设置避免堆叠、平面化布置（定子结构见申请人的其他专利文件），使散热面积比有铁芯定子线圈大，散热效果也好。前、后转子固定片同时起到固定磁铁、形成导磁回路和构建散热气流通道、迫使散热气流流经定子线圈和磁体、将动力转轴热量随气流带出的作用，将定子线圈产生的辐射热量拦截并与动力转轴传递来的热量一起快速随气流散热。定子盘的中心有一个直径较大的通孔，用于不接触地嵌入一个主风扇4。
所述主风扇4同轴设有一对平板环形的固定圈12，一对固定圈12之间通过一周主风扇叶片13固定连接，主风扇叶片13之间的间隙使得主风扇的侧面各向相互贯通，固定圈12的外径比定子盘的通孔直径小，在组装状态下，一对固定圈分别轴向高出定子盘的两侧侧面轮廓。而前转子固定片6和后转子固定片3紧贴固定圈12安装，因此，主风扇的两端固定圈高出定子盘一方面作用前后转子固定片的安装基础，同时使转动部件和固定部件之间空出间隙，保证转动部件的运转，并由此设置出气流散热通道。
主风扇叶片13弧形设置，有利于当主风扇4固定于动力转轴上转动时，将空气向四周推出。主风扇4通过转子法兰2与动力转轴固定连接。
所述转子法兰2设有与转轴垂直的法兰盘14和固定于法兰盘内圈的连接筒15，连接筒15与动力转轴同轴心，连接筒15的内径正好可穿过动力转轴，连接筒15的外径贯穿主风扇4的通孔。连接筒15可通过键嵌设于动力转轴传动，通常需要通过紧固件将转子法兰与动力转轴固定。转子法兰由于起到连接转动部件和动力主轴的作用，高速旋转时所承受的力矩负荷较大，应采用强度较高的材料制作。
所述散热固定架1的外径比风罩侧壁9的内径大，散热固定架1的外周辐射状设有一圈梳齿16，相邻梳齿16之间设有间隙，梳齿根部的直径比风罩8的外径小5%~45%。如图2所示，散热固定架1固定安装于风罩的后端面。散热固定架起到散热和防护的作用。为便于安装散热固定架1，在风罩8的外周径向向外设有凸沿17，通过将凸沿17与梳齿16的接触部位固定连接风罩8与散热固定架1。散热固定架1以散热为其主要功能，可使用热传导率较高的铝合金材料制作。风罩起到了重要的气流导向的作用，迫使从风罩的通孔进入的气流单方向从散热固定架的梳齿空隙中流出。散热面积较大的散热固定架1吸收热能的同时，将热能通过固定连接的风罩散热，风罩采用良好导热的铝合金材料制作。流经散热固定架1的气流将热量带出一部分。
由于热量的主要来源是电机后方的动力设备，例如汽油机作为动力设备，将动能动过动力转轴传递给电机，同时也将热量传递给了电机，为了防止动力设备的热辐射加重热能的影响，在所述散热固定架1的前侧面设有隔热层。散热固定架1本身将温度更高的汽油机辐射热能快速吸收并散热，间接促使汽油机工作更加稳定，提高汽油机效能的同时隔离汽油机的辐射热量，使传导到动力转轴的热量下降，经过测试，转子固定片的温度下降20℃以上。试验证明了隔热层的设置和设置于散热固定架1的前侧面能够带来更好的作用，有利于提升功率密度和输出效率。
主风扇和助力风扇被动力转轴带动旋转，在主风扇和助力风扇的扇叶导向旋转作用下，外界空气从风罩前端的通孔进入，在主风扇四周沿定子盘两侧盘面和前、后转子固定片的盘面流出到风罩的内侧壁；同时助力风扇将一部分气流径向导向到风罩侧壁，挡住了主风扇吹出气流回流的部分气流，在风罩前端的阻挡下只能向风罩后端流出，气流到达散热固定架的梳齿，从梳齿间的空隙流出，所流经的风罩、助力风扇、前后转子固定片的前侧面磁铁架和散热固定架为导热性能好的铝合金材料，会快速吸收气流的热量，同时将部分热量随气流带出，气流流经定子盘盘面上铜线圈，线圈电流产生的热量被直接风冷，同时给所流经的永久磁铁降温，不使永久磁铁由于高温导致性能下降。从动力转轴传递过来的动力设备的热量经过与动力转轴直接接触的转子法兰、经过固定连接为一体的主风扇、助力风扇、转子固定片和散热固定架作为散热器、通过所流经的气流散发，使得散热气流所流经的散热面积最大。高效散热使得电机的工作性能更加稳定，输出效率和输出功率密度得到显著提高。
以上各部件的实施例可以任取其一、相互交叉或集中使用，可以达到对应结构的相应效果。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构，其特征在于：所述的盘式电机主体从前向后依次包括同一轴心线上设置的风罩（8）、前转子固定片（6）、定子盘（5）、主风扇（4）、后转子固定片（3）、转子法兰（2）和散热固定架（1），中心均设有可穿过动力转轴的通孔，其中，
    所述风罩（8）朝向后方凹入，设有一周连续完整的风罩侧壁（9）和前端带通孔的风罩端面（10），后侧开放；
    所述前转子固定片（6）和后转子固定片（3）均为环形片状，背离定子盘（5）的一侧为导磁材料的环形背铁，面对定子盘（5）的一侧为磁铁架，磁铁架与定子线圈一一对应位置设有磁铁槽（11）；
    所述主风扇（4）同轴设有一对平板环形的固定圈（12），一对固定圈（12）之间通过环绕一周的主风扇叶片（13）固定连接，使得主风扇的侧面各向相互贯通，固定圈（12）的外径比定子盘的通孔直径小，组装状态的一对固定圈轴向分别高出定子盘的两侧侧面轮廓；
    所述转子法兰（2）设有法兰盘（14）和固定于法兰盘内圈的连接筒（15），连接筒（15）的内径正好可穿过动力转轴，连接筒（15）的外径贯穿主风扇（4）的通孔；
    风罩（8）、定子盘（5）和散热固定架（1）固定连接为固定部件，转子法兰（2）、主风扇（4）、前转子固定片（6）和后转子固定片（3）在临近通孔位置通过螺钉一体固定连接为随动力转轴转动的转动部件，固定部件与转动部件间隙设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构，其特征在于：在前转子固定片（6）的前方还设有带中心通孔的助力风扇（7），助力风扇（7）同轴地与前转子固定片（6）固定连接为一体。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构，其特征在于：所述助力风扇（7）为带中心通孔的环形盘状，在外周环绕中心通孔设置有一周相对径向同角度倾斜的斜向切口，斜向切口处的盘面向前侧面折起作为扇叶，以使助力风扇随动力转轴转动时推动气流向外周流动。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构，其特征在于：所述散热固定架（1）的外径比所述风罩侧壁（9）的外径大，散热固定架（1）的外周辐射状设有一圈带相邻间隙的梳齿（16），梳齿根部的直径比风罩侧壁（9）的外径小5%~45%。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构，其特征在于：风罩（8）的外周径向向外设有凸沿（17），凸沿（17）与梳齿（16）的外端部直接接触且通过将凸沿（17）与梳齿（16）的接触部位固定连接风罩（8）与散热固定架（1）。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构，其特征在于：在所述散热固定架（1）朝向转子法兰（2）的前方或内侧面设有隔热层。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构，其特征在于：所述环形背铁与磁铁架为分离的两等外径环形部件，通过紧固材料固定为一体。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构，其特征在于：磁铁架上环绕通孔均布有孔或槽，用于与环形背铁拼接后填充调节动平衡。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构，其特征在于：风罩侧壁（9）与风罩端面（10）垂直或向后外张。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构，其特征在于：定子盘（5）上环绕通孔设置有一周大小与磁铁槽（11）内的磁铁对应的无铁芯铜线圈。
PCT/CN2019/130339 2019-12-31 2019-12-31 一种轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构 WO2021134406A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2019/130339 WO2021134406A1 (zh) 2019-12-31 2019-12-31 一种轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构
CN201990001342.1U CN217135278U (zh) 2019-12-31 2019-12-31 一种轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2019/130339 WO2021134406A1 (zh) 2019-12-31 2019-12-31 一种轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021134406A1 true WO2021134406A1 (zh) 2021-07-08

Family

ID=76686335

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2019/130339 WO2021134406A1 (zh) 2019-12-31 2019-12-31 一种轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN217135278U (zh)
WO (1) WO2021134406A1 (zh)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113562183A (zh) * 2021-09-07 2021-10-29 北京航空航天大学 一种无人机用发动机直驱式混合动力装置的散热减振系统
US20220077745A1 (en) * 2019-01-15 2022-03-10 Gkn Sinter Metals Engineering Gmbh Electric Motor
CN116857137A (zh) * 2023-08-17 2023-10-10 山东国创精密机械有限公司 一种通风散热型风电轴承座
CN116857137B (zh) * 2023-08-17 2024-04-26 山东国创精密机械有限公司 一种通风散热型风电轴承座

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201107842Y (zh) * 2006-12-04 2008-08-27 袁会文 盘式开关磁阻电机
US20090169399A1 (en) * 2007-12-27 2009-07-02 Metal Industries Research&Development Centre Ultra-thin miniature pump
CN201369663Y (zh) * 2009-03-16 2009-12-23 常州高尔登科技有限公司 盘式无刷电机
CN206471992U (zh) * 2017-02-16 2017-09-05 扬州市新港电机有限公司 一种双转子高效散热电机
CN109768656A (zh) * 2019-03-08 2019-05-17 贵州航天林泉电机有限公司 一种轴向磁通盘式电机的散热结构
CN110149024A (zh) * 2019-07-08 2019-08-20 泉州市华德机电设备有限公司 一种高速电机自抽热冷却结构

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN201107842Y (zh) * 2006-12-04 2008-08-27 袁会文 盘式开关磁阻电机
US20090169399A1 (en) * 2007-12-27 2009-07-02 Metal Industries Research&Development Centre Ultra-thin miniature pump
CN201369663Y (zh) * 2009-03-16 2009-12-23 常州高尔登科技有限公司 盘式无刷电机
CN206471992U (zh) * 2017-02-16 2017-09-05 扬州市新港电机有限公司 一种双转子高效散热电机
CN109768656A (zh) * 2019-03-08 2019-05-17 贵州航天林泉电机有限公司 一种轴向磁通盘式电机的散热结构
CN110149024A (zh) * 2019-07-08 2019-08-20 泉州市华德机电设备有限公司 一种高速电机自抽热冷却结构

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220077745A1 (en) * 2019-01-15 2022-03-10 Gkn Sinter Metals Engineering Gmbh Electric Motor
CN113562183A (zh) * 2021-09-07 2021-10-29 北京航空航天大学 一种无人机用发动机直驱式混合动力装置的散热减振系统
CN113562183B (zh) * 2021-09-07 2023-08-04 北京航空航天大学 一种无人机用发动机直驱式混合动力装置的散热减振系统
CN116857137A (zh) * 2023-08-17 2023-10-10 山东国创精密机械有限公司 一种通风散热型风电轴承座
CN116857137B (zh) * 2023-08-17 2024-04-26 山东国创精密机械有限公司 一种通风散热型风电轴承座

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN217135278U (zh) 2022-08-05

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
AU2017370503B2 (en) Motor rotor support frame and motor
JP5441607B2 (ja) 電気機械を冷却するための装置
CN208986739U (zh) 盘式电机
TW201203813A (en) Motor with heat pipe
WO2021134406A1 (zh) 一种轴向磁通盘式电机的风道结构
JP2014033584A (ja) 回転電機の風冷構造
WO2011094909A1 (zh) 用于大功率垂直轴风力发电机的散热装置
WO2021036082A1 (zh) 一种具有散热结构的永磁电机
CN110768414A (zh) 一种永磁电机的冷却结构
US6700265B1 (en) Eddy current retarder
CN107528423B (zh) 一种小型风力发电用密闭式永磁发电机
CN210898689U (zh) 一种无铁心高过载盘式电机
CN211376363U (zh) 一种高效散热的电流互感器
US11909269B2 (en) Combined fixed fan for disc-type motor
CN216056503U (zh) 一种易于散热的盘式电机定子
CN210927285U (zh) 一种高转速大功率的新型驱动装置
WO2020220835A1 (zh) 冷却系统、电机及风力发电机组
JPH0698511A (ja) 車両用交流発電機
CN110380575B (zh) 一种带有径流式散热风轮的自励同步发电机
CN217362757U (zh) 一种高强度铝合金汽车马达后盖
TWM593111U (zh) 馬達之散熱裝置
CN217335292U (zh) 一种高可靠性高效率高压电动机
CN219018596U (zh) 一种发动机定子组件
CN220629051U (zh) 电机散热组件及具有过热报警功能的电机
CN211481025U (zh) 马达的散热装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 19958388

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19958388

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19958388

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1