WO2020248949A1 - 一种血压测量方法及电子设备 - Google Patents

一种血压测量方法及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020248949A1
WO2020248949A1 PCT/CN2020/095006 CN2020095006W WO2020248949A1 WO 2020248949 A1 WO2020248949 A1 WO 2020248949A1 CN 2020095006 W CN2020095006 W CN 2020095006W WO 2020248949 A1 WO2020248949 A1 WO 2020248949A1
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Prior art keywords
pressure
airbag
pulse wave
wave signal
electronic device
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PCT/CN2020/095006
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
匡运生
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2020248949A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020248949A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
    • A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow; Combined pulse/heart-rate/blood pressure determination; Evaluating a cardiovascular condition not otherwise provided for, e.g. using combinations of techniques provided for in this group with electrocardiography or electroauscultation; Heart catheters for measuring blood pressure
    • A61B5/021—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels
    • A61B5/022—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers
    • A61B5/0225—Measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels by applying pressure to close blood vessels, e.g. against the skin; Ophthalmodynamometers the pressure being controlled by electric signals, e.g. derived from Korotkoff sounds

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of electronic equipment, and in particular to a blood pressure measurement method and electronic equipment.
  • MWD Measure While Decrease
  • MWI Measure While Increase
  • the MWD method is generally used for upper arm electronic sphygmomanometers, and the blood pressure measurement time is relatively long.
  • the MWI method is that the electronic sphygmomanometer boosts the pressure at a certain rate. During the boosting process, the original signal including the pulse wave signal and the static pressure signal is extracted, and the characteristics of the pulse wave signal are extracted, and the user is calculated based on the extracted characteristics and the static pressure signal. Blood pressure value. After the electronic sphygmomanometer extracts the characteristics of the required pulse wave signal, it starts to lower the blood pressure by itself, and the measurement ends.
  • the MWI method is generally used for wristband electronic blood pressure monitors, and the blood pressure measurement time is relatively short.
  • the mainstream electronic sphygmomanometers on the market are upper arm electronic sphygmomanometers and wristband electronic sphygmomanometers. These two types of electronic blood pressure monitors can meet the needs of users for blood pressure measurement, but they cannot be worn for a long time in terms of device size and weight. That is to say, for some requirements that require long-term blood pressure measurement (such as night blood pressure measurement, blood pressure real-time tracking detection, blood pressure feedback control, etc.), there is nothing that can be done. These requirements are precisely the important means to effectively prevent hypertension and prevent sudden diseases such as stroke, which are rigid requirements for users, especially hypertensive patients.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of signal decomposition of a blood pressure measurement method provided in the prior art.
  • the determination of the user's blood pressure value according to the picked pressure is specifically: the original signal can be obtained according to the airbag pressure picked up by the pressure sensor.
  • the static pressure signal and pulse wave signal can be extracted from it.
  • the pulse wave signal the signal characteristics related to blood pressure are extracted, and the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and the appearance time of SBP are calculated through the signal characteristics, and then mapped to the static pressure signal to calculate the diastolic and systolic blood pressure.
  • DBP diastolic blood pressure
  • the electronic device can obtain the original signal according to the obtained pressure value of the airbag, and obtain the static pressure signal and the pulse wave signal according to the original signal.
  • the pulse wave signal generally appears in the last segment of the linear boost of the blood pressure watch (the signal 2 shown in Figure 1 is the signal after the pulse wave signal appears).
  • the original signal shown in FIG. 1 may be divided into signal 1 and signal 2.
  • Signal 1 represents the signal when the pulse wave signal does not appear in the original signal
  • signal 2 represents the signal from which the pulse wave signal can be extracted from the original signal. It is understandable that signal 1 and signal 2 may be continuous signals detected during the process of inflating the airbag by the air pump.
  • the static pressure corresponding to the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal is strongly correlated with the actual blood pressure value of the user at that time.
  • the higher the blood pressure the greater the static pressure required for the complete appearance of the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal, and the greater the maximum compression pressure.
  • most of the blood pressure watch products currently on the market adopt an equal rate linear compression scheme, that is, maintain the same rate of increase during the entire process of the watch compression until the end of the compression. Deflation. This also causes the higher the user's blood pressure to take longer to measure blood pressure.
  • Long-term blood pressure measurement may reduce the accuracy of blood pressure measurement due to user discomfort. For example: 1. The blood pressure circulation is blocked for a long time, which will cause the user to feel sour and numb; 2. The pressure is too long without the blood pressure value, which is easy to cause anxiety and irritability in the user, resulting in short blood pressure Time fluctuations, the measured blood pressure value is prone to deviation; 3. During blood pressure measurement, the user needs to maintain the correct measurement posture (ie, the human body is still, the wrist and the heart are level), if the duration is too long , The muscle strength to support the measurement posture is insufficient (especially the middle-aged and elderly people), and the user's arms and wrists will unconsciously appear small jitters. The signal generated by this small jitter will be loaded into the pulse wave signal as noise to reduce the pulse. The signal-to-noise ratio of the wave signal reduces the accuracy of blood pressure measurement.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a blood pressure measurement method and electronic equipment, which solve the problem of user discomfort caused by too long blood pressure measurement time and inaccurate blood pressure measurement caused thereby.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a blood pressure measurement method, which can be applied to an electronic device, which includes an air bag and an air pump.
  • the blood pressure measurement method includes: an electronic device controls an air pump to inflate the airbag at a first inflation rate. In the process of controlling the air pump to inflate the airbag at the first inflation rate, the electronic device determines whether the pulse wave signal appears. When the electronic device determines that the pulse wave signal appears, it controls the air pump to inflate the airbag at a second inflation rate, which is less than the first inflation rate. The electronic device obtains the pulse wave signal and the static pressure signal in real time according to the pressure signal detected after the airbag is inflated at the second inflation rate. The electronic device determines the blood pressure value of the user according to at least one characteristic point in the pulse wave signal and the static pressure signal corresponding to the characteristic point.
  • the airbag is controlled to increase the pressure at a normal rate (that is, the airbag is inflated at the second inflation rate), which prolongs the pulse wave signal extraction time and improves the accuracy of blood pressure measurement.
  • judging whether the pulse wave signal is present includes: the electronic device detects the pressure value of the airbag during the process of controlling the air pump to inflate the airbag at the first inflation rate, and determines the current time Whether the pressure value of the airbag is greater than the pressure threshold; wherein, when the pressure value of the airbag at the current moment is greater than the pressure threshold, it is determined that the pulse wave signal appears, and when the pressure value of the airbag at the current moment is less than the pressure threshold, it is determined that the pulse wave signal does not appear.
  • the pressure value of the airbag is greater than the pressure threshold, it is determined that the pulse wave signal appears, which can ensure that when the pulse wave appears, the rapid boost phase (that is, the stage of inflating the airbag at the first inflation rate) has ended, thereby ensuring the pulse wave Accurate extraction of signals.
  • judging whether the pulse wave signal appears including: the electronic device is in the process of controlling the air pump to inflate the airbag at the first inflation rate, detecting the airbag Pressure signal, and judge whether the pulse wave signal can be extracted from the detected pressure signal. Among them, when the pulse wave signal can be extracted from the detected pressure signal, it is determined that the pulse wave signal appears, and when the pulse wave signal cannot be extracted from the detected pressure signal, it is determined that the pulse wave signal does not appear.
  • the electronic device determines the pressure threshold according to historical measurement data.
  • the historical measurement data includes: the pressure of the airbag when the pulse wave signal appears during multiple blood pressure measurements
  • the pressure threshold is the minimum pressure value of the airbag when the pulse wave signal appears in the history of multiple blood pressure measurements.
  • the pressure threshold is determined by the minimum value of the pressure value of the airbag when the pulse wave signal appears in the history of multiple blood pressure measurements, which can ensure that when the pressure value of the airbag reaches the pressure threshold during this measurement, the pulse wave signal Has appeared or will appear in a very short time.
  • the electronic device acquires at least one pressure interval, and the pulse wave signal included in the pressure signal detected in the at least one pressure interval contains feature points ;
  • the electronic device detects the pressure value of the airbag after controlling the air pump to inflate the airbag at the second inflation rate; for each pressure interval in at least one pressure interval, the electronic device starts from the pressure value of the airbag equal to the minimum value of the pressure interval, and controls The air pump inflates the airbag at the third inflation rate until the pressure value of the airbag is equal to the maximum value of the pressure interval, and then re-controls the air pump to inflate the airbag at the second inflation rate, and the third inflation rate is less than the second inflation rate.
  • the electronic device determines at least one pressure interval based on historical measurement data.
  • the historical measurement data includes: characteristic points of pulse wave signals during multiple blood pressure measurements.
  • the pressure value of the airbag at the time of appearance, at least one pressure interval is a collection of the pressure value of the airbag when the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal appear in the history of multiple blood pressure measurements.
  • the possible pressure value interval of the airbag when the characteristic points appear in the current measurement process can be accurately determined.
  • Inflate the airbag at a slower rate in this interval that is, inflate the airbag at the third inflation rate
  • inflating the airbag at a normal rate can ensure that the pressure of the airbag can quickly rise to the pressure interval when the next feature point appears, which can avoid unnecessary waste of time in order to improve accuracy.
  • the electronic device determines the first inflation rate according to the pressure threshold and the preset pressure rise time.
  • the pressure rise time is when the pressure value of the airbag rises from 0 The time required to reach the pressure threshold.
  • the pressure value of the airbag can rise to the airbag pressure value appearing in the pulse wave signal in a relatively short time (such as a preset pressure rise time).
  • the method further includes: the electronic device determines whether it can control according to historical measurement data The air pump inflates the airbag at the first inflation rate.
  • the historical measurement data includes: the pressure value of the airbag when the pulse wave signal appears during multiple blood pressure measurements; the electronic device controls the air pump to inflate the airbag at the first inflation rate, including: the electronic device is determining
  • the air pump is controlled to inflate the airbag at the first inflation rate; among them, the pulse during any two blood pressure measurements
  • the airbag pressure difference is greater than the fluctuation threshold, and the air pump is controlled to inflate the airbag at the second inflation rate.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic equipment includes a control unit, a judgment unit, a determination unit, an air bag, and an air pump; the control unit is used to control the air pump to inflate the air bag at a first inflation rate; the judgment unit is used to control the air pump to inflate the air bag at the first inflation rate.
  • the control unit is also used to control the air pump to inflate the airbag at a second inflation rate when the pulse wave signal appears; the second inflation rate is less than the first inflation rate; the determining unit is for According to the pressure signal detected after the airbag is inflated at the second inflation rate, the pulse wave signal and the static pressure signal are acquired in real time; the determining unit is also used for according to at least one characteristic point in the pulse wave signal and the static pressure corresponding to the characteristic point The signal determines the user's blood pressure value.
  • the electronic device further includes a detection unit for detecting the pressure value of the airbag during the process of controlling the air pump to inflate the airbag at the first inflation rate; the determining unit determines the pulse Whether the wave signal appears, including: the judging unit judges whether the pressure value of the airbag at the current moment is greater than the pressure threshold; wherein, when the pressure value of the airbag at the current moment is greater than the pressure threshold, it is determined that the pulse wave signal appears, and when the pressure value of the airbag at the current moment is less than the pressure At the threshold, it is determined that the pulse wave signal does not appear.
  • the electronic device further includes a detection unit, which is used to detect the airbag's performance during the process of controlling the air pump to inflate the airbag at the first inflation rate. Pressure signal; the judging unit judges whether the pulse wave signal appears, including: the judging unit judges whether the pulse wave signal can be extracted from the detected pressure signal; wherein, when the pulse wave signal can be extracted from the detected pressure signal, confirm The pulse wave signal appears. When the pulse wave signal cannot be extracted from the detected pressure signal, it is determined that the pulse wave signal does not appear.
  • the determining unit is further configured to determine the pressure threshold value according to historical measurement data.
  • the historical measurement data includes: the appearance of pulse wave signals during multiple blood pressure measurements The pressure value of the airbag at the same time, and the pressure threshold is the minimum pressure value of the airbag when the pulse wave signal appears in the history of multiple blood pressure measurements.
  • the determining unit is further configured to determine at least one pressure interval, and the pulse wave signal included in the pressure signal detected in the at least one pressure interval It will contain feature points; the detection unit is also used to detect the pressure value of the airbag after controlling the air pump to inflate the airbag at the second inflation rate; for each pressure interval in at least one pressure interval, the pressure value of the control unit from the airbag is equal to Starting from the minimum value of the pressure interval, control the air pump to inflate the airbag at the third inflation rate until the pressure of the airbag is equal to the maximum value of the pressure interval, re-control the air pump to inflate the airbag at the second inflation rate, and the third inflation rate is less than the second inflation rate. Inflation rate.
  • the determining unit is further configured to determine at least one pressure interval according to historical measurement data, the historical measurement data including: pulse waves during multiple blood pressure measurements The pressure value of the air bag when the characteristic point of the signal appears, and at least one pressure interval is the collection of the pressure value of the air bag when the characteristic point of the pulse wave signal appears in the history of multiple blood pressure measurements.
  • the determining unit is further configured to determine the first inflation rate according to the pressure threshold and the preset boost time, where the boost time is the pressure of the airbag The time it takes for the value to rise from 0 to the pressure threshold.
  • the determining unit determines whether the air pump can be controlled to the first inflation rate according to historical measurement data.
  • the inflation rate is inflating the airbag.
  • the historical measurement data includes: the pressure value of the airbag when the pulse wave signal appears during multiple blood pressure measurements; the control unit controls the air pump to inflate the airbag at the first inflation rate, including: the judging unit determines the value in the historical measurement data When the difference between the pressure values of the airbag when the pulse wave signal appears during any two blood pressure measurements is less than the variation threshold, the control unit controls the air pump to inflate the airbag at the first inflation rate; wherein the judgment unit determines any two blood pressures in the historical measurement data During the measurement process, when the difference between the pressure values of the airbag when the pulse wave signal appears is greater than the fluctuation threshold, the control unit controls the air pump to inflate the airbag at the second inflation rate.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic device may include a processor, which is configured to be connected to a memory and call a program stored in the memory to execute the first aspect or possible implementation manners of the first aspect Any blood pressure measurement method.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, including: computer software instructions; when the computer software instructions run in the over-temperature protection device, the blood pressure measurement device is caused to perform the same as the first aspect or the first aspect.
  • a blood pressure measurement method in any one of possible implementations.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product, which when the computer program product runs on a computer, causes the computer to execute the blood pressure measurement method as in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect.
  • the electronic equipment described in the second and third aspects provided above, the computer-readable storage medium described in the fourth aspect provided above, and the computer program product described in the fifth aspect are all used for execution.
  • the beneficial effects that can be achieved can refer to the beneficial effects of the corresponding method provided above, which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of signal decomposition of a blood pressure measurement method provided in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the composition of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a blood pressure measurement method provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the correspondence between the static pressure signal and the pulse wave signal in the blood pressure measurement process provided by the embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a blood pressure measurement method provided by another embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of another blood pressure measurement method according to another embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the composition of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the composition of another electronic device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the duration of a single measurement of blood pressure using a traditional mercury sphygmomanometer should not exceed 30 seconds, and the duration of a single measurement of an electronic sphygmomanometer should not exceed 40 seconds, otherwise the user may experience discomfort due to the long measurement time and cause blood pressure The measurement result is not accurate.
  • the systolic blood pressure measurement time of blood pressure watches is greater than or close to 40s.
  • the measurement time becomes significantly longer. Therefore, compared with ordinary users, users with higher blood pressure will take longer to measure blood pressure with a blood pressure watch. This will also cause discomfort to the user and cause inaccurate blood pressure measurement results.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a blood pressure measurement method, which can be applied to electronic equipment.
  • the pulse wave signal appears in the last segment of the linear boost.
  • the electronic device can quickly measure the pulse wave signal by inflating the airbag of the electronic device by using a higher boost rate. That is, the method of the present application can shorten the inflation time before the pulse wave signal appears, thereby reducing the time for blood pressure measurement, avoiding the discomfort of long-term measurement users, and improving the accuracy of blood pressure measurement.
  • the airbag can be inflated at a normal rate of increase.
  • the airbag is continuously inflated with a lower pressure increase rate.
  • the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal can be extracted more accurately, so as to obtain a more accurate static pressure value. It further improves the accuracy of blood pressure measurement.
  • the electronic devices in the embodiments of the present application may be mobile phones, tablet computers, desktops, laptops, handheld computers, notebook computers, ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPC), netbooks, and cellular computers.
  • the electronic device 200 may include a micro-controller unit (MCU) 201, a storage unit 202, an air pump control unit 203, an air pump 204, an air bag 205, and a pressure sensor 206. These components can be connected through the communication line 207.
  • MCU micro-controller unit
  • the MCU 201 can be used to control and process information, and is responsible for signal detection and control of other components.
  • the storage unit 202 can be used to store the static pressure interval corresponding to the pulse wave signal during N blood pressure measurements in history and the pressure value of the airbag corresponding to the occurrence of the characteristic points in each pulse wave signal (in this embodiment, the pressure value of the airbag can also be called Is the static pressure value).
  • the air pump control unit 203 can be used to control the inflation rate output by the air pump 204.
  • the air pump 204 may be connected to the airbag 205 through a connecting hole or a catheter, and may be used to inflate the airbag 205 or control the airbag 205 to deflate.
  • the air pump control unit 203 can adjust the pressure increase rate of the air bag 205 when the air pump 204 inflates the air bag 205 by changing the inflation rate output by the air pump 204.
  • the air pump control unit 203 can control the inflation rate output by the air pump 204 by adjusting the input power (such as voltage or current, etc.) of the air pump 204, or by adjusting the duty cycle of the signal input to the air pump 204 to control the inflation output by the air pump 204. rate.
  • the airbag 205 may be made of polyvinyl chloride or silica gel. When the airbag 205 is not inflated, the airbag 205 is flat. Once the airbag 205 is inflated, the airbag 205 will slowly inflate, compressing the radial artery of the wrist. At this time, the pressure value of the airbag 205 changes with the radius of the wrist. The pulsation of the arteries can form a corresponding relationship. At least two connection holes are provided on the airbag 205. One connection hole can be used to connect the air pump 204 to realize inflation or deflation of the airbag 205, and the other connection hole can be used to connect the pressure sensor 206 to realize the pressure sensor 206. For real-time pickup of the pressure value of the airbag.
  • the electronic device may not include the air pump 204 and the air bag 205, but is connected with the air pump and the air bag.
  • MCU 201 may also be called a processor, which may include one or more processing units, for example: may include an application processor (AP), a graphics processing unit (GPU), and an image signal processor. (image signal processor, ISP), controller, memory, digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), baseband processor, and/or neural-network processing unit (NPU), etc.
  • the different processing units may be independent devices or integrated in one or more processors.
  • the air pump control unit 203 may be an independent device, and may also be integrated with the MCU 202 in one or more processors.
  • the controller can be the nerve center and command center of the electronic device.
  • the controller can generate operation control signals according to the instruction operation code and timing signals to complete the control of fetching and executing instructions.
  • a memory can also be provided in the processor to store instructions and data.
  • the memory in the processor is a cache memory.
  • the memory can store instructions or data that the processor has just used or recycled. If the processor needs to use the instruction or data again, it can be directly called from the memory. Repeated access is avoided, the waiting time of the processor is reduced, and the efficiency of the system is improved.
  • the processor may include one or more interfaces.
  • the interface may include an integrated circuit (inter-integrated circuit, I2C) interface, an integrated circuit built-in audio (inter-integrated circuit sound, I2S) interface, a pulse code modulation (pulse code modulation, PCM) interface, and a universal asynchronous transmitter (universal asynchronous transmitter) interface.
  • I2C integrated circuit
  • I2S integrated circuit built-in audio
  • PCM pulse code modulation
  • UART universal asynchronous transmitter
  • MIPI mobile industry processor interface
  • GPIO general-purpose input/output
  • SIM subscriber identity module
  • USB Universal Serial Bus
  • the storage unit 202 may also be referred to as an internal memory, and may be used to store executable program code of the electronic device, where the executable program code includes instructions.
  • the MCU 201 executes the instructions stored in the storage unit 202 to execute various functional applications and data processing of the electronic device. For example, in the embodiment of the present application, the MCU 201 may execute an instruction stored in the storage unit 202, and after receiving an operation to measure blood pressure, execute a corresponding event as a response to the operation, for example, according to the storage unit 202
  • the stored historical measurement data determines the possible pressure range of the pulse wave, confirms the static pressure interval measured this time, and calculates the corresponding inflation rate, so as to realize the control of the pressure increase rate of the airbag 205 by the air pump control unit 203.
  • the storage unit 202 may include a storage program area and a storage data area.
  • the storage program area can store an operating system, at least one application program (such as a sound playback function, an image playback function, etc.) required by at least one function.
  • the data storage area can store data (such as pressure signals, etc.) created during the use of the electronic device.
  • the storage unit 202 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, a universal flash storage (UFS), and the like.
  • UFS universal flash storage
  • connection relationship between the modules illustrated in this embodiment is merely a schematic description, and does not constitute a structural limitation of the electronic device.
  • the electronic device may also adopt different connection modes in the foregoing embodiments, or a combination of multiple connection modes.
  • the structure illustrated in this embodiment does not constitute a specific limitation on the electronic device.
  • the electronic device may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or split certain components, or arrange different components.
  • the illustrated components can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.
  • the electronic device may further include one or more of the following modules: the charging management module is used to receive charging input from the charger.
  • the charger can be a wireless charger or a wired charger.
  • the charging management module may receive the charging input of the wired charger through the USB interface.
  • the charging management module may receive the wireless charging input through the wireless charging coil of the electronic device. While the charging management module charges the battery of the electronic device, it can also supply power to the electronic device through the power management module.
  • the power management module is used to connect the battery of the electronic device.
  • the power management module receives input from the battery and/or charge management module, and supplies power to the MCU 201, the storage unit 202, the air pump control unit, and the like.
  • the power management module can also be used to monitor battery capacity, battery cycle times, battery health status (leakage, impedance) and other parameters.
  • the power management module may also be provided in the processor.
  • the power management module and the charging management module may also be provided in the same device.
  • Electronic equipment may also have wireless communication functions. Its wireless communication function can be realized by antenna 1, antenna 2, mobile communication module, wireless communication module, modem processor and baseband processor.
  • the antenna 1 and the antenna 2 are used to transmit and receive electromagnetic wave signals.
  • Each antenna in an electronic device can be used to cover a single or multiple communication frequency bands. Different antennas can also be reused to improve antenna utilization.
  • antenna 1 can be multiplexed as a diversity antenna of a wireless local area network.
  • the antenna can be used in combination with a tuning switch.
  • the mobile communication module can provide wireless communication solutions such as 2G/3G/4G/5G that are applied to electronic devices.
  • the mobile communication module may include at least one filter, switch, power amplifier, low noise amplifier (LNA), etc.
  • the mobile communication module can receive electromagnetic waves by the antenna 1, and perform processing such as filtering and amplifying the received electromagnetic waves, and then transmitting them to the modem processor for demodulation.
  • the mobile communication module can also amplify the signal modulated by the modem processor, and convert it into electromagnetic wave radiation by the antenna 1.
  • at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module may be provided in the processor.
  • at least part of the functional modules of the mobile communication module and at least part of the modules of the processor may be provided in the same device.
  • the modem processor may include a modulator and a demodulator.
  • the modulator is used to modulate the low frequency baseband signal to be sent into a medium and high frequency signal.
  • the demodulator is used to demodulate the received electromagnetic wave signal into a low-frequency baseband signal. Then the demodulator transmits the demodulated low-frequency baseband signal to the baseband processor for processing.
  • the low-frequency baseband signal is processed by the baseband processor and then passed to the application processor.
  • the application processor can output sound signals through the audio equipment of the electronic device (not limited to speakers, receivers, etc.), or display images or videos through the display screen of the electronic device.
  • the modem processor may be an independent device. In other embodiments, the modem processor may be independent of the processor, and be provided in the same device as the mobile communication module or other functional modules.
  • the wireless communication module can provide applications in electronic devices including wireless local area networks (WLAN) (such as wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) networks), Bluetooth (bluetooth, BT), global navigation satellite systems ( Global navigation satellite system, GNSS), frequency modulation (FM), near field communication (NFC), infrared technology (infrared, IR) and other wireless communication solutions.
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • Bluetooth blue, BT
  • global navigation satellite systems Global navigation satellite system, GNSS
  • NFC near field communication
  • IR infrared technology
  • the wireless communication module may be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module.
  • the wireless communication module receives electromagnetic waves via the antenna 2, frequency modulates and filters the electromagnetic wave signals, and sends the processed signals to the processor.
  • the wireless communication module can also receive the signal to be sent from the processor, perform frequency modulation, amplify, and radiate electromagnetic waves through the antenna 2.
  • the antenna 1 of the electronic device is coupled with the mobile communication module, and the antenna 2 is coupled with the wireless communication module, so that the electronic device can communicate with the network and other devices through wireless communication technology.
  • the wireless communication technologies may include global system for mobile communications (GSM), general packet radio service (GPRS), code division multiple access (CDMA), broadband Code division multiple access (wideband code division multiple access, WCDMA), time-division code division multiple access (TD-SCDMA), long term evolution (LTE), BT, GNSS, WLAN, NFC , FM, and/or IR technology, etc.
  • the GNSS may include global positioning system (GPS), global navigation satellite system (GLONASS), Beidou navigation satellite system (BDS), quasi-zenith satellite system (quasi -zenith satellite system, QZSS) and/or satellite-based augmentation systems (SBAS).
  • GPS global positioning system
  • GLONASS global navigation satellite system
  • BDS Beidou navigation satellite system
  • QZSS quasi-zenith satellite system
  • SBAS satellite-based augmentation systems
  • the electronic device may also have a display function.
  • the display function can be realized through GPU, display screen, and application processor.
  • GPU is a microprocessor for image processing, connected to the display screen and the application processor.
  • the GPU is used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering.
  • the processor may include one or more GPUs that execute program instructions to generate or change display information.
  • the display screen is used to display images, videos, etc.
  • the display screen includes a display panel.
  • the display panel can adopt liquid crystal display (LCD), organic light-emitting diode (OLED), active-matrix organic light-emitting diode or active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (active-matrix organic light-emitting diode).
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • OLED organic light-emitting diode
  • active-matrix organic light-emitting diode active-matrix organic light-emitting diode
  • emitting diode AMOLED, flexible light-emitting diode (FLED), Miniled, MicroLed, Micro-oLed, quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED), etc.
  • the electronic device may include 1 or N display screens, and N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the electronic device may also have a shooting function, for example, it may realize the shooting function through an ISP, a camera, a video codec, a GPU, a display screen, and an application processor.
  • a shooting function for example, it may realize the shooting function through an ISP, a camera, a video codec, a GPU, a display screen, and an application processor.
  • ISP is used to process the data fed back from the camera.
  • the camera is used to capture still images or videos.
  • the object generates an optical image through the lens and projects it to the photosensitive element.
  • the photosensitive element converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, and then transmits the electrical signal to the ISP to convert it into a digital image signal.
  • ISP outputs digital image signals to DSP for processing.
  • DSP converts digital image signals into standard RGB, YUV and other formats.
  • the electronic device may include 1 or N cameras, and N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • Digital signal processors are used to process digital signals. In addition to digital image signals, they can also process other digital signals. For example, when the electronic device selects the frequency point, the digital signal processor is used to perform Fourier transform on the frequency point energy.
  • Video codecs are used to compress or decompress digital video.
  • the electronic device can support one or more video codecs.
  • the electronic device can play or record videos in a variety of encoding formats, such as: moving picture experts group (MPEG) 1, MPEG2, MPEG3, MPEG4, etc.
  • MPEG moving picture experts group
  • NPU is a neural-network (NN) computing processor.
  • NN neural-network
  • NPU can realize the intelligent cognition of electronic devices and other applications, such as: image recognition, face recognition, voice recognition, text understanding, etc.
  • the electronic device may also include an external memory interface, which can be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to expand the storage capacity of the electronic device.
  • the external memory card communicates with the processor through the external memory interface to realize the data storage function. For example, save music, video and other files in an external memory card.
  • Electronic devices can also implement audio functions, such as audio modules, speakers, receivers, microphones, earphone jacks, and application processors. For example, music playback, recording, etc.
  • the electronic device may also include one or more of the following sensors: a gyroscope sensor may be used to determine the movement posture of the electronic device.
  • the angular velocity of the electronic device around three axes ie, x, y, and z axes
  • the gyroscope sensor can be used for shooting anti-shake.
  • the gyroscope sensor can also be used for navigation and somatosensory game scenes.
  • the pressure sensor is used to measure air pressure.
  • the electronic device calculates the altitude based on the air pressure value measured by the pressure sensor to assist positioning and navigation.
  • the magnetic sensor includes a Hall sensor.
  • the electronic device can use a magnetic sensor to detect the opening and closing of the flip holster.
  • the acceleration sensor can detect the magnitude of the acceleration of the electronic device in various directions (usually three axes). The magnitude and direction of gravity can be detected when the electronic device is stationary. It can also be used to identify the posture of electronic devices, and used in applications such as horizontal and vertical screen switching, pedometers and so on.
  • Distance sensor used to measure distance. Electronic equipment can measure distance through infrared or laser.
  • the proximity light sensor may include, for example, a light emitting diode (LED) and a light detector, such as a photodiode.
  • the light emitting diode may be an infrared light emitting diode.
  • the electronic device emits infrared light through the light-emitting diode.
  • Electronic devices use photodiodes to detect infrared reflected light from nearby objects. When sufficient reflected light is detected, it can be determined that there is an object near the electronic device. When insufficient reflected light is detected, the electronic device can determine that there is no object near the electronic device.
  • the ambient light sensor is used to sense the brightness of the ambient light. The electronic device can adaptively adjust the brightness of the display screen according to the perceived brightness of the ambient light.
  • the fingerprint sensor is used to collect fingerprints. Electronic devices can use the collected fingerprint characteristics to unlock fingerprints, access application locks, take photos with fingerprints, and answer calls with fingerprints.
  • the temperature sensor is used to detect temperature. Touch sensor, also called "touch panel".
  • the touch sensor can be set on the display screen, and the touch screen is composed of the touch sensor and the display screen, also called "touch screen".
  • the touch sensor is used to detect touch operations acting on or near it.
  • the touch sensor can pass the detected touch operation to the application processor to determine the type of touch event.
  • the visual output related to the touch operation can be provided through the display screen.
  • the touch sensor may also be disposed on the surface of the electronic device, which is different from the position of the display screen.
  • Bone conduction sensors can acquire vibration signals.
  • the bone conduction sensor can obtain the vibration signal of the vibrating bone mass of the human voice.
  • the bone conduction sensor can also contact the human pulse and receive the blood pressure pulse signal.
  • the bone conduction sensor may also be provided in the earphone, combined with the bone conduction earphone.
  • the audio module can parse the voice signal based on the vibration signal of the vibrating bone block of the voice obtained by the bone conduction sensor to realize the voice function.
  • the application processor can parse the heart rate information based on the blood pressure beating signal obtained by the bone conduction sensor to realize the heart rate detection function.
  • the electronic device may also include an indicator, such as an indicator light, which can be used to indicate the charging status, power change, and can also be used to indicate messages, missed calls, notifications, etc.
  • the SIM card interface is used to connect to the SIM card. The SIM card can be inserted into the SIM card interface or pulled out from the SIM card interface to achieve contact and separation with the electronic device.
  • the electronic device can support 1 or N SIM card interfaces, and N is a positive integer greater than 1.
  • the blood pressure measurement method provided in the embodiments of the present application can quickly and accurately measure blood pressure.
  • This method can be applied to electronic devices.
  • the electronic device is a blood pressure watch as an example. This method can be achieved through the following steps:
  • the air pump of the blood pressure watch starts to pressurize and inflate the airbag, and the pressure value of the airbag rises linearly from 0mmHg. Before the pulse wave signal appears, the air pump inflates the airbag at a larger inflation rate.
  • the air pump inflates the airbag at a larger inflation rate, which can make the airbag boost the pressure at a faster rate of increase, and the pulse wave signal can appear quickly.
  • the inflation rate of the air pump is reduced, and the air pump resumes to inflate the airbag at the normal inflation rate to accurately obtain the pulse wave signal and static pressure signal.
  • the pulse wave signal appears, within the pressure interval where the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal may appear, continue to reduce the inflation rate of the air pump, so that the airbag is boosted at a lower pressure rate, so that the blood pressure watch can be more accurate Extract the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal and the pressure value of the airbag when the characteristic points appear, until all the characteristic points that need to be extracted are extracted, the air pump is deflated, and the blood pressure measurement ends.
  • the pulse wave signal detected by the blood pressure watch will continuously appear in the last segment of the blood pressure watch linear increase.
  • the pulse wave signal generally does not change drastically. That is to say, the pressure value of the air bag when the pulse wave signal appears and all the characteristic points in the pulse wave signal are extracted. There are drastic changes. Therefore, after the pulse wave signal appears, the pressure increase rate of the airbag in the blood pressure watch is reduced to extend the pulse wave signal detection time, which can effectively improve the extraction of characteristic point information in the pulse wave signal.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a blood pressure measurement method provided by an embodiment of this application. As shown in Figure 3, the method may include the following S301-S305.
  • the electronic device controls the air pump to inflate the airbag at the first inflation rate.
  • the MCU may send an instruction to the air pump control unit so that the air pump control unit controls the air pump to inflate the airbag at the first inflation rate.
  • a relatively large inflation rate such as the above-mentioned first inflation rate, can be used to control the air pump to inflate the airbag so that the airbag can quickly increase the pressure.
  • the electronic device determines whether the pulse wave signal appears during the process of controlling the air pump to inflate the airbag at the first inflation rate.
  • the electronic device may execute the following S303 when determining that the pulse wave signal appears.
  • the air pump can be continuously controlled to inflate the airbag at the first inflation rate, and the above S301 can be continued.
  • the pressure sensor in the blood pressure watch can detect the pressure value of the airbag in real time and transmit it to the MCU.
  • the MCU can judge whether the pulse wave signal appears according to the pressure value of the airbag detected in real time.
  • the MCU can determine the relationship between the pressure value of the airbag detected in real time and the pressure threshold value. If the MCU determines that the pressure value of the airbag at the current moment is greater than the pressure threshold value, it can determine that the pulse wave signal appears. If the MCU determines that the pressure value of the airbag at the current moment is less than the pressure threshold, it can be determined that the pulse wave signal does not appear.
  • the MCU can obtain a pressure signal according to the pressure value of the airbag detected in real time, such as the original signal shown in Figure 1. After the MCU analyzes the original signal, it can pass It is judged whether the pulse wave signal can be extracted from the original signal to judge whether the pulse wave signal appears. If the MCU determines that the pulse wave signal can be extracted from the detected original signal, it can determine that the pulse wave signal appears. If the MCU determines that the pulse wave signal cannot be extracted from the detected original signal, it can be determined that the pulse wave signal does not appear.
  • the extraction of the pulse wave signal in the embodiment of the present application may refer to the signal whose signal amplitude reaches the amplitude threshold. For example, when the airbag is boosted to 40mmHg, the pulse wave signal begins to appear, but the amplitude of the signal does not reach the amplitude threshold.
  • the pulse wave signal does not appear, and the airbag continues to be inflated at the first inflation rate.
  • the airbag pressure continues to rise, the pulse wave signal begins to appear, and the amplitude of the signal reaches the amplitude threshold, then it is considered that this pulse wave signal has appeared, and the air pump is controlled to inflate the airbag at the second inflation rate.
  • the MCU can determine whether the pulse wave signal appears in the pulse wave signal according to the pressure value of the airbag detected in real time.
  • the blood pressure watch can control the air pump to inflate the airbag at the second inflation rate, so that the airbag is boosted at the normal boost rate. That is, the rapid pressure increase of the airbag is ended, and the airbag is inflated at a normal pressure increase rate to ensure that the pulse wave signal can be accurately extracted.
  • the electronic device obtains the pulse wave signal and the static pressure signal according to the pressure signal detected after the airbag is inflated at the second inflation rate.
  • the MCU can continue to detect the pressure value of the airbag and obtain a pressure signal from it.
  • the airbag can be inflated at the second inflation rate at a uniform speed, and the static pressure in the airbag will rise linearly.
  • the MCU can separate the fluctuating pulse wave signal from the linearly rising static pressure signal, so that the pulse wave signal and the static pressure signal can be obtained.
  • the electronic device determines the blood pressure value of the user according to at least one characteristic point in the pulse wave signal and the static pressure signal corresponding to the characteristic point.
  • the pulse wave signal includes a large number of waveform characteristics.
  • the waveform characteristics can reflect the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal.
  • the user's blood pressure value eg, diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure
  • the blood pressure measurement method provided by the embodiment of the present application can effectively shorten the blood pressure measurement time by rapidly increasing the pressure in the pressure segment before the pulse wave signal appears. At the same time, the pressure segment after the appearance of the pulse wave signal is increased at a normal speed to extend the detection time of the pulse wave signal, which can effectively improve the accuracy of extracting the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal, thereby improving the accuracy of blood pressure measurement .
  • Another embodiment of the present application provides a blood pressure measurement method, which can be applied to an electronic device.
  • the method determines the pressure threshold and at least one pressure interval based on historical measurement data.
  • the electronic device can adjust the pressure rise rate of the airbag according to the pressure threshold and the at least one pressure interval, so as to shorten the time-consuming process of blood pressure measurement and improve the accuracy of blood pressure measurement. .
  • the electronic device eg, blood pressure watch
  • the blood pressure watch has user-specific characteristics.
  • the blood pressure fluctuation range of the same user in a short period of time is not large. It can be inferred by recording the user's pulse wave signal or historical N times (N greater than or equal to 1) blood pressure measurement data (ie historical measurement data) in the past period of time The possible pressure value of the air bag when the pulse wave signal appears during this measurement.
  • the pressure value of the airbag when these pulse wave signal characteristic points appear within a period of time is relatively fixed. Therefore, the airbag pressure value when the pulse wave characteristic points appear in the historical measurement data can also be changed.
  • the pressure value is used as a reference to infer the possible pressure value of the airbag when the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal appear during this measurement.
  • the possible pressure value of the airbag when the pulse wave signal appears in this measurement process and the possible pressure value of the airbag when the characteristic point of the pulse wave signal appears can be used to estimate the pressure increase rate of the airbag. Adjustment.
  • This method can be called historical data method.
  • the pressure value of the airbag when the estimated pulse wave signal may appear may be called the pressure threshold, and the set of possible pressure values of the airbag when the characteristic point of the estimated pulse wave signal appears is called the pressure interval.
  • the electronic device can determine the pressure threshold based on historical measurement data.
  • the historical measurement data may include: the pressure value of the airbag when the pulse wave signal appears during multiple blood pressure measurements.
  • the pressure threshold may be the minimum pressure value of the airbag when the pulse wave signal appears during multiple blood pressure measurements in history.
  • a blood pressure watch may store the pressure value of the airbag when the pulse wave signal appears in the history of N times (N is greater than or equal to 1) blood pressure measurement. Since the blood pressure value of the same user at different times fluctuates to a certain extent, the pressure value of the airbag will also change when the pulse wave signal appears during the N blood pressure measurement processes in history.
  • the minimum pressure value of the airbag when the pulse wave signal appears in the above-mentioned historical N blood pressure measurement processes can be used as the above-mentioned pressure threshold. That is to say, in this blood pressure measurement process, when the pressure value of the airbag is greater than the above-mentioned pressure threshold, the pulse wave signal may appear, or it will appear in a short time afterwards.
  • this is a schematic diagram of the correspondence between the static pressure signal and the pulse wave signal in the blood pressure measurement process provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the minimum pressure value of the airbag when the pulse wave signal appears is P1. Then, when the pressure value of the airbag reaches P1, it means that the pulse wave signal has appeared in this blood pressure measurement, or will appear in a short time. As shown in Figure 4, when the pulse wave signal reaches the point M1, it indicates that the pulse wave signal has appeared, and M1 is shortly after the balloon pressure reaches P1. In other words, the P1 can be used as the pressure threshold for this blood pressure measurement.
  • the pressure values of the balloon when the pulse wave signal appears are 105mmHg, 108mmHg, and 102mmHg respectively, then 102mmHg can be used as the pressure threshold.
  • the electronic device can determine at least one pressure interval based on historical measurement data.
  • the historical measurement data may include: the pressure value of the airbag when the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal appear in the process of multiple blood pressure measurement.
  • the at least one pressure interval may be a collection of pressure values of the airbag when the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal appear in the process of multiple historical blood pressure measurements.
  • the blood pressure watch can also store the pressure value of the airbag when the characteristic points of each pulse wave signal appear in the history of N times (N is greater than or equal to 1) blood pressure measurement.
  • the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal may include envelope peak value, envelope inflection point, maximum envelope slope point and so on.
  • the envelope of the pulse wave signal presents a single peak shape that first increases and then decreases.
  • the section where the pulse wave envelope keeps increasing is called the rising section
  • the section where the pulse wave envelope keeps decreasing is called the falling section
  • the point where the amplitude of the pulse wave envelope is the largest is the envelope Peak.
  • envelope inflection points there are other characteristic points in the ascending section and descending section, such as envelope inflection points.
  • the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal are obtained by analyzing the entire pulse wave signal. Therefore, it is impossible to determine whether the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal appear through real-time detection of the pulse wave signal.
  • the pressure value of the corresponding airbag is relatively fixed when these characteristic points of the pulse wave signal appear within a period of time. Therefore, for a certain feature point, historical measurement data can be used to obtain the possible pressure range of the airbag when the feature point appears. In this way, according to whether the pressure value of the airbag at the current moment is within the interval (ie, whether the pressure value of the current airbag is greater than the minimum value of the interval and less than the maximum value of the interval), it can be determined whether the characteristic point will appear.
  • the pressure value of the airbag will fluctuate in a small range when the same feature point appears. Therefore, the pressure value of the airbag when each feature point appears can form an interval corresponding to the feature point, which will be different.
  • the interval corresponding to the feature point is taken as the union, and the pressure value range of the airbag when the feature point may appear can be obtained.
  • the range of the pressure value of the airbag when the characteristic point may appear is called the pressure interval.
  • the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal include M2 and M3 in FIG.
  • the pressure interval corresponding to M2 can be It is [P2,P2'].
  • the pressure interval corresponding to M3 can be [P3, P3'].
  • the pressure interval corresponding to the characteristic points M2 and M3 of the pulse wave signal can be [P2,P2'] ⁇ [P3,P3']. That is to say, in this blood pressure measurement process, when the pressure value of the air bag is within the pressure range [P2, P2'] ⁇ [P3, P3'], the probability of M2 and M3 appearing will be relatively large.
  • the pressure intervals corresponding to different feature points can be intersecting or disjoint.
  • the pressure intervals corresponding to the multiple characteristic points of the pulse wave signal may be combined to obtain the pressure intervals of the characteristic points in the pulse wave signal that need to be extracted.
  • the number of pressure intervals finally obtained can be one or more.
  • the multiple feature points that need to be extracted include: feature point A, feature point B, and feature point C.
  • the pressure interval corresponding to feature point A is [A1, A2]
  • the pressure interval corresponding to feature point B is [B1, B2]
  • the pressure interval corresponding to feature point C is [C1, C2].
  • A1 ⁇ B1 ⁇ A2 ⁇ B2 ⁇ C1 ⁇ C2 that is, the interval of the airbag pressure value when the characteristic point A appears intersects the interval of the airbag pressure value when the characteristic point B appears.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a blood pressure measurement method according to another embodiment of this application.
  • the blood pressure measurement method provided in the embodiment of the present application may include: S501-S508.
  • the electronic device determines, based on historical measurement data, that the air pump can be controlled to inflate the airbag at a first inflation rate.
  • the MCU of the blood pressure watch may determine whether the air pump can be controlled to inflate the airbag at the first inflation rate by judging whether the historical static pressure interval is stable according to historical measurement data.
  • the blood pressure watch can accurately predict the static pressure value (such as the pressure threshold) when the pulse wave signal appears according to the historical measurement data, then the blood pressure watch is
  • the air pump can be controlled to inflate the airbag at the first inflation rate, and the following S502-S508 can be executed.
  • the blood pressure watch can control the air pump to the second The inflation rate (that is, the normal inflation rate) is inflated to the airbag, that is, the blood pressure is measured at the normal boost rate until all the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal are extracted.
  • the MCU may determine whether the historical static pressure interval is stable according to the historical measurement data stored in the storage unit.
  • the historical measurement data may include: the pressure value of the airbag when the pulse wave signal appears during multiple blood pressure measurements.
  • a blood pressure watch can determine that the historical static pressure interval is stable when the difference between the pressure values of the airbag when the pulse wave signal appears in any two blood pressure measurement processes is less than the fluctuation threshold in the historical measurement data.
  • the variation threshold for example, 10 mmHg
  • the blood pressure watch can be preset in the blood pressure watch.
  • the blood pressure watch may determine the pressure threshold and the pressure interval according to the historical measurement data stored in the storage unit after determining that the historical static pressure interval is stable.
  • the blood pressure watch may also determine the pressure threshold and the pressure interval before judging whether the historical static pressure interval is stable, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment.
  • the electronic device controls the air pump to inflate the airbag at the first inflation rate.
  • the air pump can be controlled to inflate the airbag at the first inflation rate.
  • the first inflation rate may be a relatively high rate, so as to control the airbag to increase the pressure at a faster rate before the pulse wave signal appears, so as to shorten the blood pressure measurement time.
  • the MCU may send a first instruction to the air pump control unit, where the first instruction is used to instruct the air pump control unit to control the air pump to inflate the airbag at the first inflation rate.
  • the air pump control unit may output an instruction for charging the air pump at the first inflation rate.
  • the air pump can inflate the airbag at the first inflation rate (ie, execute S601).
  • the first inflation rate may be preset, or may be calculated in combination with historical measurement data.
  • the MCU may determine the first inflation rate according to the pressure threshold and the preset boost time.
  • the pressure rise time is the time required for the pressure value of the airbag to rise from 0 to the pressure threshold.
  • the MCU can calculate and obtain the boost rate of the airbag according to the pressure threshold and the preset boost time, and then the inflation rate, such as the first inflation rate, may be obtained through the pressure threshold and the preset boost time.
  • the pressure increase time of the rapid pressure increase process can be set to be fixed, so the larger the first pressure threshold value, the pressure interval of the rapid pressure increase process The larger the value, the larger the corresponding boost rate, which means that the first inflation rate also increases.
  • determining whether the historical static pressure interval is stable, determining the pressure threshold, and determining the first inflation rate according to the pressure threshold may be performed after receiving the user's current blood pressure measurement operation, or It may be completed before receiving the user's blood pressure measurement operation. This application does not restrict this.
  • the electronic device can determine whether the pulse wave signal appears to determine whether it is necessary to end the rapid boost phase and restore the airbag to the normal boost rate so that the electronic device can Accurately detect the pulse wave signal.
  • the electronic device can execute S503a or S503b to determine whether the pulse wave signal appears.
  • the electronic device determines whether the pressure value of the airbag at the current moment is greater than the pressure threshold.
  • the aforementioned pressure threshold can be determined according to historical measurement data.
  • the historical measurement data may include: the pressure value of the airbag when the pulse wave signal appears during multiple blood pressure measurements.
  • the pressure threshold can be the minimum pressure value of the airbag when the pulse wave signal appears in the history of multiple blood pressure measurements.
  • the pressure sensor can detect the pressure value of the airbag in real time, and transmit the detected pressure value of the airbag to the MCU. Then, the MCU can determine whether the pressure value of the airbag at the current moment is greater than the pressure threshold. When the pressure value of the airbag at the current moment is greater than the above-mentioned pressure threshold, the electronic device can determine that a pulse wave signal has appeared, or a pulse wave signal will appear within a short time after the current moment, and S504 may be executed at this time.
  • the electronic device can determine that the pulse wave signal does not appear. At this time, the electronic device can continue to control the air pump to inflate the airbag at the first inflation rate, that is, continue to perform the above S502.
  • the electronic device detects the pressure signal of the airbag, and determines whether the pulse wave signal can be extracted from the detected pressure signal.
  • the electronic device determines that the pulse wave signal appears, and executes the following S504;
  • the electronic device determines that the pulse wave signal does not appear, and returns to execute S502.
  • the pressure sensor can detect the pressure value in the airbag in real time, and the pressure value in real time Feedback to the MCU.
  • the MCU can obtain the pressure signal of the airbag according to the pressure value of the airbag fed back by the pressure sensor in real time, and then determine whether the pulse wave signal appears.
  • the MCU can control the electronic device to continue to execute the following S504, and when it is confirmed that the pulse wave signal does not appear, the MCU can continue to inflate the air bag at the first inflation rate, that is, return to execute the above S502.
  • the pulse wave signal can provide effective measurement information as the criterion. For example, it is similar to the description in the embodiment S302 shown in FIG. 3, and will not be repeated here.
  • the electronic device controls the air pump to inflate the airbag at a second inflation rate, which is less than the first inflation rate.
  • the blood pressure watch can control the air pump to inflate the airbag at the second inflation rate.
  • the second inflation rate is less than the first inflation rate. Therefore, after the pulse wave signal appears, the rapid boost phase in which the airbag is inflated at the first inflation rate is ended, and it is changed to the normal boost phase in which the airbag is inflated at the second inflation rate.
  • the blood pressure watch can control the airbag to rapidly increase the pressure before the pulse wave signal appears, and shorten the measurement time before the pulse wave signal appears.
  • the electronic device can also control the airbag to increase the pressure at a normal rate after the pulse wave signal appears, which is more conducive to accurately extracting the pulse wave signal.
  • the MCU may send a second instruction to the air pump control unit, and the second instruction is used to instruct the air pump control unit to control the air pump to inflate the airbag at the second inflation rate.
  • the air pump control unit may output an instruction to inflate the air pump at the second inflation rate.
  • the air pump can then inflate the airbag at the second inflation rate (ie, execute S602).
  • the pressure sensor can detect the pressure value of the airbag in real time, and change the pressure of the detected airbag The value is transmitted to the MCU.
  • the electronic device For each pressure interval in the at least one pressure interval, the electronic device starts from the pressure value of the airbag being equal to the minimum value of the pressure interval, and controls the air pump to inflate the airbag at the third inflation rate until the pressure value of the airbag is equal to the maximum value of the pressure interval. Value, re-control the air pump to inflate the airbag at the second inflation rate. Wherein, the third inflation rate is less than the second inflation rate.
  • the MCU may send a third instruction to the air pump control unit.
  • the third instruction is used to instruct the air pump control unit to control the air pump to inflate the airbag at the third inflation rate.
  • the air pump control unit may output an instruction to inflate the air pump at the third inflation rate. The air pump can then inflate the airbag at the third inflation rate (ie, execute S603).
  • the third inflation rate is less than the second inflation rate. That is to say, when it is determined that the pressure signal of the airbag may contain the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal, the blood pressure watch controls the airbag to increase the pressure at a rate lower than the normal rate of increase, which can further extend the time for feature point extraction to improve the feature points The accuracy of the extraction.
  • the at least one pressure interval determined by the blood pressure watch according to historical data includes [P2, P2'] ⁇ [P3, P3'].
  • the pressure value of the airbag is less than P1, as shown in signal 1 in Figure 4, the pulse wave signal does not appear, and the blood pressure watch controls the airbag to rapidly increase the pressure.
  • the pressure value of the airbag is greater than P1, as shown in signal 2 in Figure 4, the pulse wave signal appears (such as M1 of the pulse wave signal), and the blood pressure watch controls the airbag to start to increase the pressure at a normal rate of increase.
  • the characteristic point M2 has not yet appeared, and the blood pressure watch can control the airbag to increase the pressure at a normal rate.
  • the pressure value of the airbag is greater than P2 and less than P2' (such as signal 2B)
  • the characteristic point M2 has a greater chance of appearing, and the blood pressure watch can control the airbag to increase the pressure at a slower rate.
  • the pressure value of the airbag is greater than P2' and less than P3
  • the feature point M2 has been extracted, and the blood pressure watch controls the airbag to restore the normal rate of pressure increase.
  • the characteristic point M3 has a greater chance of appearing, and the blood pressure watch can control the airbag to increase the pressure at a slower rate. Repeat this until all required feature points have been extracted.
  • the airbag when the pressure value of the airbag is within the pressure range, the airbag is controlled to increase the pressure at a rate lower than the normal rate of increase in order to improve the accuracy of feature point extraction.
  • the electronic device when the pressure value of the airbag is within the pressure range, the electronic device may also control the airbag not to increase the pressure, that is, the pressure increase rate is zero.
  • the electronic device can obtain the time interval in which the feature point may appear. The time interval can be determined based on historical measurement data. The historical measurement data may include time intervals in which multiple feature points may appear. The electronic device can determine whether the current moment is within the time interval to adjust the pressure increase rate of the airbag to achieve accurate extraction of feature points.
  • At least one time interval determined by the blood pressure watch according to historical data includes [T2, T2'] ⁇ [T3, T3'].
  • the current time is less than T1, as shown in Figure 4 in the static pressure signal signal 1, the pulse wave signal does not appear, and the blood pressure watch controls the airbag to rapidly increase the pressure.
  • the pulse wave signal appears (M1 in Figure 4 appears), and the blood pressure watch controls the airbag to start boosting at a normal boost rate.
  • the current moment is greater than T1 and less than T2 (such as signal 2A), the characteristic point M2 has not yet appeared, and the blood pressure watch controls the airbag to increase the pressure at a normal rate.
  • the characteristic point M2 When the current moment is greater than T2 and less than T2' (such as signal 2B), the characteristic point M2 has a greater chance of appearing, and the blood pressure watch controls the airbag to increase the pressure at a slower rate or not.
  • the feature point M2 When the current moment is greater than T2' and less than T3, the feature point M2 has been extracted, and the blood pressure watch controls the airbag to return to a normal rate of boost.
  • the characteristic point M3 has a greater probability of appearing, and the blood pressure watch controls the airbag to increase the pressure at a slower rate or not. Repeat this until all required feature points have been extracted.
  • the above two methods can implement the blood pressure measurement method provided in the embodiments of the present application, shorten the blood pressure measurement time, and improve the accuracy of blood pressure measurement.
  • the embodiment of the application does not limit which of the above two methods is selected for execution.
  • the electronic device obtains the pulse wave signal and the static pressure signal according to the pressure signal detected after the airbag is inflated at the second inflation rate.
  • the pressure sensor can detect the pressure value of the airbag in real time and will detect The pressure value of the airbag is transmitted to the MCU.
  • the electronic device may continuously detect the pressure value of the airbag from the beginning of blood pressure measurement, and generate a pressure signal according to the detected pressure value from the beginning of blood pressure measurement.
  • the electronic device can only control the air pump to inflate the pressure signal into the airbag at the second inflation rate, that is, start from the pressure value of the airbag equal to P1 Analyze the pressure signal in order to extract the pulse wave signal and static pressure signal.
  • the electronic device may also not generate a pressure signal before the pulse wave signal appears, but start to generate the pressure signal after controlling the air pump to inflate the airbag at the second inflation rate, and perform the pressure signal Analyze to extract pulse wave signal and static pressure signal.
  • the pulse wave signal after the pulse wave signal appears, its characteristic points may not appear. Only when the extracted pulse wave signal contains the characteristic points, can the user's blood pressure value be determined. Therefore, the pulse wave of the electronic device Before the characteristic points of the signal appear, the pressure signal is not generated. Instead, the pressure signal is generated after the air pump is inflated at the third inflation rate for the first time, and the signal is analyzed to extract the pulse wave signal and Static pressure signal.
  • the electronic device determines the blood pressure value of the user according to at least one characteristic point in the pulse wave signal and the static pressure signal corresponding to the characteristic point.
  • the electronic device can extract the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal related to blood pressure from the pulse wave signal, and calculate the time when the diastolic blood pressure and the systolic blood pressure appear through the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal. And map it to the static pressure signal to obtain the static pressure value corresponding to the feature point, thereby obtaining the user's blood pressure value, such as the user's diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure.
  • a large number of characteristic points of the pulse wave signal can be extracted from the pulse wave signal, such as the maximum amplitude of the pulse wave A (MP), and the pulse wave corresponding to A (MP) can be integrated and divided by the fluctuation period to determine the corresponding envelope Amplitude A(SP), then, the user's systolic blood pressure can be obtained according to the static pressure value in the corresponding static pressure signal when the envelope amplitude is A(SP).
  • the user's diastolic pressure can be obtained according to the static pressure value in the corresponding static pressure signal when the envelope amplitude is A(DP).
  • the blood pressure watch can detect the pressure value of the air bag in real time through the pressure sensor and feed it back to the MCU, and the MCU can obtain the original signal according to the relationship between the pressure value of the air bag and time.
  • the MCU can analyze the above-mentioned original signals to obtain the static pressure signal and pulse wave signal as shown in Figure 4, where each signal point in the pulse wave signal can be compared with the pressure of the balloon in the static pressure signal at the same time. The values correspond one to one.
  • the MCU determines the position and appearance time of each feature point through the pulse wave signal, and refers to the static pressure signal to obtain the static pressure value corresponding to each feature point, such as the static pressure value corresponding to the maximum amplitude of the above-mentioned pulse wave.
  • the blood pressure measurement method provided in the embodiments of the present application can significantly shorten the time for blood pressure measurement by rapidly increasing the pressure in the pressure segment before the pulse wave signal appears.
  • the electronic device controls the airbag to increase the pressure at a normal speed after the pulse wave signal appears, and appropriately extends the pulse wave signal extraction time, which can effectively improve the accuracy of the pulse wave signal extraction.
  • the electronic device controls the pressure segment that the airbag may appear at the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal to increase or not increase at a slower rate, and extract the corresponding pulse wave signal and static pressure signal to obtain the user's blood pressure information,
  • the extraction time of the characteristic points of the pulse wave signal can be further extended, thereby achieving the purpose of improving the accuracy of blood pressure measurement.
  • an electronic device includes hardware structures and/or software modules corresponding to each function, and these hardware structures and/or software modules corresponding to each function may constitute an electronic device.
  • the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed by hardware or computer software-driven hardware depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods for each specific application to implement the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
  • the embodiment of the present application may divide the electronic device into functional modules according to the foregoing method examples.
  • each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional modules. It should be noted that the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation.
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a possible composition of the electronic device involved in the above embodiment.
  • the electronic device includes: a control unit 701, The determining unit 702, the determining unit 703, the air bag 704, and the air pump 705.
  • the control unit 701, the judgment unit 702, and the determination unit may also be the MCU as shown in FIG. 2
  • the airbag 704 may also be the airbag 205 shown in FIG. 2
  • the air pump 705 may also be the air pump 204 shown in FIG.
  • the control unit 701 is used to control the air pump 705 to inflate the airbag 704 at the first inflation rate.
  • the control unit 701 may be used to execute S301 of the blood pressure measurement method shown in FIG. 3 above.
  • the control unit 701 may also be used to execute S502 of the blood pressure measurement method shown in FIG. 5 above.
  • the judging unit 702 is used for judging whether the pulse wave signal appears during the process of controlling the air pump 705 to inflate the airbag 704 at the first inflation rate.
  • the judging unit 702 may be used to execute S302 of the blood pressure measurement method shown in FIG. 3.
  • the judging unit 702 can also be used to execute S503a or S503b of the blood pressure measurement method shown in FIG. 5 above.
  • the control unit 701 is further configured to control the air pump 705 to inflate the airbag 704 at a second inflation rate when it is determined that the pulse wave signal appears, where the second inflation rate is less than the first inflation rate.
  • the control unit 701 may also be used to execute S303 of the blood pressure measurement method shown in FIG. 3.
  • the control unit 701 may also be used to execute S504 of the blood pressure measurement method shown in FIG. 5 above.
  • the determining unit 703 is configured to obtain the pulse wave signal and the static pressure signal in real time according to the pressure signal detected after the airbag 704 is inflated at the second inflation rate, and according to at least one characteristic point in the pulse wave signal and the corresponding characteristic point
  • the static pressure signal determines the user's blood pressure value.
  • the determining unit 703 may also be used to execute S304 and S305 of the blood pressure measurement method shown in FIG. 3.
  • the determining unit 703 may also be used to execute S508 of the blood pressure measurement method shown in FIG. 5.
  • FIG. 8 shows another possible composition diagram of the electronic device involved in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the electronic device includes: a control unit 801 , The judgment unit 802, the determination unit 803, the detection unit 804, the airbag 805, and the air pump 806.
  • the control unit 801, the judgment unit 802, the determination unit 803, and the detection unit 804 may also be the MCU 201 as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the airbag 805 may also be the airbag 205 as shown in FIG. 2, and the air pump 806 may also be It is the air pump 204 shown in FIG. 2.
  • the judging unit 802 is used to determine that when the difference between the pressure values of the airbag 805 when the pulse wave signal appears during any two blood pressure measurement processes in the historical measurement data is less than the fluctuation threshold, it is determined that the air pump 806 can be controlled to inflate the airbag 805 at the first inflation rate Then, the control unit 801 controls the air pump 806 to inflate the airbag 805 at the first inflation rate.
  • the historical measurement data may include: the pressure value of the airbag 805 when the pulse wave signal appears during multiple blood pressure measurements.
  • the determining unit 803 may be used to execute S501 shown in FIG. 5 above.
  • the judging unit 802 determines that the difference between the pressure values of the airbag 805 when the pulse wave signal appears during any two blood pressure measurement processes in the historical measurement data is greater than the variation threshold, and the control unit 801 controls the air pump 806 to inflate the airbag 805 at the second inflation rate .
  • the determining unit 803 is further configured to determine the first inflation rate according to the pressure threshold and the preset pressure rise time.
  • the pressure rise time is the time required for the pressure value of the airbag 805 to rise from 0 to the pressure threshold.
  • the control unit 801 is also used to control the air pump 806 to inflate the airbag 805 at the first inflation rate.
  • the control unit 801 may be used to execute S502 shown in FIG. 5 above.
  • the determining unit 803 is further configured to determine the pressure threshold according to historical measurement data.
  • the historical measurement data includes: the pressure value of the airbag 805 when the pulse wave signal appears during multiple blood pressure measurement, and the pressure threshold is the minimum pressure value of the airbag 805 when the pulse wave signal appears during the multiple blood pressure measurement history.
  • the detection unit 804 is configured to detect the pressure value of the airbag 805 during the process of controlling the air pump 806 to inflate the airbag 805 at the first inflation rate.
  • the determining unit 802 is used to determine whether the pressure value of the airbag 805 at the current moment is greater than the pressure threshold. When the pressure value of the airbag 805 at the current moment is greater than the pressure threshold, it is determined that the pulse wave signal appears, and when the pressure value of the airbag 805 at the current moment is less than the pressure threshold, it is determined that the pulse wave signal does not appear.
  • the detection unit 804 and the judgment unit 802 can be used to execute S503a shown in FIG. 5 above.
  • the detection unit 804 is also used for detecting the pressure signal of the airbag 805 during the process of controlling the air pump 806 to inflate the airbag 805 at the first inflation rate.
  • the judging unit 802 is used to judge whether a pulse wave signal can be extracted from the detected pressure signal. When the pulse wave signal can be extracted from the detected pressure signal, it is determined that the pulse wave signal appears, and when the pulse wave signal cannot be extracted from the detected pressure signal, it is determined that the pulse wave signal does not appear.
  • the detection unit 804 and the judgment unit 802 may be used to execute S503b shown in FIG. 5 above.
  • the control unit 801 is also used to control the air pump 806 to inflate the airbag 805 at the second inflation rate. Wherein, the second inflation rate is less than the first inflation rate. Exemplarily, the control unit 801 may be used to execute S504 shown in FIG. 5 above.
  • the determining unit 803 is further configured to determine at least one pressure interval according to historical measurement data, and the pulse wave signal included in the pressure signal detected in the at least one pressure interval may include characteristic points.
  • the historical measurement data includes: the pressure value of the air bag when the characteristic point of the pulse wave signal appears in the multiple blood pressure measurement process, at least one pressure interval is the pressure value of the air bag when the characteristic point of the pulse wave signal appears in the multiple blood pressure measurement process in the history Collection.
  • the detection unit 804 is also used for detecting the pressure value of the airbag 805 after controlling the air pump 806 to inflate the airbag 805 at the second inflation rate.
  • the detection unit 804 may be used to execute S505 shown in FIG. 5 above.
  • the control unit 801 is also configured to control the air pump 806 to inflate the airbag 805 at the third inflation rate for each pressure interval in the at least one pressure interval, starting from the pressure value of the airbag 805 equal to the minimum value of the pressure interval, until the airbag 805 When the pressure value is equal to the maximum value of the pressure interval, the air pump 806 is re-controlled to inflate the airbag 805 at the second inflation rate. Wherein, the third inflation rate is less than the second inflation rate.
  • the control unit 801 may be used to execute S506 shown in FIG. 5 above.
  • the determining unit 803 is further configured to obtain the pulse wave signal and the static pressure signal according to the pressure signal detected after the airbag is inflated at the second inflation rate.
  • the blood pressure value of the user is determined according to at least one characteristic point in the pulse wave signal and the static pressure signal corresponding to the characteristic point.
  • the determining unit 803 may be used to execute S507 and S508 shown in FIG. 5 above.
  • another possible composition of the electronic device involved in the foregoing embodiment may include: a processing module, a communication module, an air bag, and an air pump.
  • the processing module is used to control and manage the actions of the electronic device.
  • the processing module is used to support the electronic device to execute S301-S305 in FIG. 3, S501-S508 in FIG. 5 and/or other technologies used in the technology described herein. process.
  • the communication module is used to support communication between the electronic device and other network entities, for example, communication with the functional module or network entity shown in FIG. 2.
  • the electronic device may also include a storage module for storing the program code and data of the electronic device.
  • the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application is used to execute the above-mentioned blood pressure measurement method, and therefore can achieve the same effect as the above-mentioned blood pressure measurement method.
  • the disclosed device and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative, for example, the division of modules or units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or It can be integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units may be one physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed to multiple different places. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • each unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional unit.
  • the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a readable storage medium.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application are essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of software products, which are stored in a storage medium It includes several instructions to make a device (may be a single-chip microcomputer, a chip, etc.) or a processor (processor) execute all or part of the steps of the methods in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program code .

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Abstract

一种血压测量方法及电子设备(200)，涉及电子设备领域，用于血压测量的过程中，解决了由于血压测量时间过长导致的用户不适，以及由此引起的血压测量不准确的问题。具体方案为：电子设备(200)控制气泵(204,705,806)以第一充气速率向气囊(205,704,805)充气(S301)；电子设备(200)在控制气泵(204,705,806)以第一充气速率向气囊(205,704,805)充气的过程中，判断脉搏波信号是否出现(S302)；电子设备在确定脉搏波信号出现时，控制气泵(204,705,806)以第二充气速率向气囊(205,704,805)充气，第二充气速率小于第一充气速率(S303)；电子设备(200)根据以第二充气速率向气囊(205,704,805)充气后检测到的压力信号，实时获取脉搏波信号和静压力信号(S304)；电子设备(200)根据脉搏波信号中的至少一个特征点和与特征点对应的静压力信号确定用户的血压值(S305)。

Description

一种血压测量方法及电子设备
本申请要求在2019年6月10日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为201910498616.9的中国专利申请的优先权，发明名称为“一种血压测量方法及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电子设备领域，尤其涉及一种血压测量方法及电子设备。
背景技术
目前，电子血压计被广泛使用。电子血压计有两种测量方法：下降时测量(Measure While Decrease，MWD)和上升时测量(Measure While Increase，MWI)。MWD方法是电子血压计先快速升压至超过用户收缩压(Systolic Blood Pressure，SBP)的压力值，然后缓慢降压。在降压的过程中电子血压计提取包括脉搏波信号和静压力信号的原始信号，并根据脉搏波信号和静压力信号计算出用户的血压值(如包括：舒张压和收缩压)。MWD方法一般用于上臂式电子血压计，血压测量的时间相对长一些。MWI方法是电子血压计按一定速率升压，在升压的过程中提取包括脉搏波信号和静压力信号的原始信号，并提取脉搏波信号的特征，根据提取的特征和静压力信号计算出用户的血压值。电子血压计在提取出需要的脉搏波信号的特征后，开始自行降压，测量结束。MWI方法一般用于腕带式电子血压计，血压测量的时间相对短一些。
市场上主流的电子血压计为上臂式电子血压计和腕带式的电子血压计。这两种类型的电子血压计能够满足用户血压测量的需求，但是从设备尺寸和重量方面还无法长期佩戴的。即对于一些需要长期进行血压测量的需求(例如夜间血压测量、血压实时跟踪检测以及血压反馈控制等)无能为力。而这些需求恰恰又是有效防治高血压、预防脑卒中等突发疾病的重要手段，对于用户，尤其是高血压患者来说是刚性需求。
鉴于此，一些厂商开始研发穿戴式电子血压计，例如血压手表。为了使血压测量时间缩短，大多穿戴式电子血压计都采用MWI方法。血压手表的外观与普通的电子手表无异，只是在腕带内侧安装了一条气囊。当手表佩戴在手腕上时气囊会紧贴皮肤，表体中的泵阀和压力传感器与气囊相连，泵阀用于控制气囊的充气和放气，压力传感器用于实时拾取气囊压力，进而根据拾取的压力确定出用户的血压值。如，请参考图1，为现有技术提供的一种血压测量方法的信号分解示意图，根据拾取的压力确定用户的血压值具体为：根据压力传感器拾取的气囊压力可获得原始信号，从原始信号中可提取出静压力信号和脉搏波信号。根据脉搏波信号提取与血压相关的信号特征，通过信号特征计算出舒张压(Diastolic Blood Pressure，DBP)和SBP出现的时间，并映射到静压力信号中计算得到舒张压和收缩压。
如图1所示，电子设备可以根据获取的气囊的压力值获取原始信号，并根据原始信号获取静压力信号和脉搏波信号。脉搏波信号一般会出现在血压手表线性升压的最后一段(如图1中示出的信号2即为脉搏波信号出现后的信号)。本申请实施例中，为了便于说明，可以将图1中示出的原始信号划分为信号1以及信号2。其中信号1表示原始信号中脉搏波信号未出现时的信号，信号2表示原始信号中可以提取出脉搏波信号的信号。可以理解的是，信号1与信号2可以是气泵给气囊充气的过程中检测到的连续信号。
脉搏波信号的特征点出现时所对应的静压力与当时用户实际的血压值强相关。血压越高，脉搏波信号的特征点完整出现所需要的静压力越大，最大加压压力也越大。而为了能够提取出完整和高质量的脉搏波信号，目前市面上的血压手表产品大部分采用等速率的线性加压方案，即在手表加压的全程保持相同的升压速率，直至加压结束放气。这也导致了用户的血压越高所需血压测量时间会越长。
长时间的血压测量可能会由于用户不适导致血压测量准确度下降。例如：1、手部长时间血压循环受阻，会使用户产生酸、麻的不适感；2、加压的时间过长而没有出现血压值，容易使使用者产生焦虑、急躁的情绪，造成血压短时波动，所测量出来的血压值容易出现偏差；3、测量血压过程中需要使用者保持正确的测量姿势(即，人体静止不动，手腕部与心脏高度保持平齐)，如果持续时间过长，支撑保持测量姿势的肌肉力量不足(尤其是中老年人)，用户的手臂、手腕会不自觉的出现微小抖动，这种微小抖动所产生的信号会作为噪声加载进脉搏波信号中，降低脉搏波信号的信噪比，降低血压测量的精度。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种血压测量方法及电子设备，解决了由于血压测量时间过长导致的用户不适，以及由此引起的血压测量不准确的问题。
为达到上述目的，本申请实施例采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种血压测量方法，该方法可以应用于电子设备，电子设备包括气囊和气泵。该血压测量方法包括：电子设备控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气。电子设备在控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气的过程中，判断脉搏波信号是否出现。电子设备在确定脉搏波信号出现时，控制气泵以第二充气速率向气囊充气，第二充气速率小于第一充气速率。电子设备根据以第二充气速率向气囊充气后检测到的压力信号，实时获取脉搏波信号和静压力信号。电子设备根据脉搏波信号中的至少一个特征点和与特征点对应的静压力信号确定用户的血压值。
这样，通过对于脉搏波信号出现之前的压力段进行快速升压(即，以第一充气速率向气囊充气)，缩短了血压测量过程的时间，由此解决了长时间测量导致的用户不适的问题，并解决了由于用户不适导致的测量不准确的问题。进一步的，当脉搏波信号出现后，控制气囊以正常的速率升压(即以第二充气速率向气囊充气)，延长了脉搏波信号提取的时间，提高了血压测量的准确度。
结合第一方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，判断脉搏波信号是否出现，包括：电子设备在控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气的过程中，检测气囊的压力值，并判断当前时刻气囊的压力值是否大于压力阈值；其中，当当前时刻气囊的压力值大于压力阈值时，确定脉搏波信号出现，当当前时刻气囊的压力值小于压力阈值时，确定脉搏波信号未出现。
这样，当气囊的压力值大于压力阈值时，确定脉搏波信号出现，能够保证当脉搏波出现时，已经结束快速升压阶段(即以第一充气速率向气囊充气的阶段)，进而保证脉搏波信号的准确提取。
结合第一方面和上述可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，判断脉搏波信号是否出现，包括：电子设备在控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气的过程中，检测气囊的压力信号，并判断在检测到的压力信号中是否能提取出脉搏波信号。其中，当检测到的压力信号中能提取出脉搏波信号时，确定脉搏波信号出现，当检测到的压力信号中未能提取出脉搏波信号时，确定脉搏波信号未出现。
这样通过对本次血压测量过程中的压力信号的分析，能够准确确定脉搏波信号是否出现。
结合第一方面和上述可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，电子设备根据历史测量数据确定压力阈值，历史测量数据包括：多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊的压力值，压力阈值是历史多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊的最小压力值。
这样，以历史多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊的压力值的最小值确定压力阈值，能够保证在本次测量过程中，当气囊的压力值到达该压力阈值时，脉搏波信号就已经出现或将在很短的时间内出现。
结合第一方面和上述可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，电子设备获取至少一个压力区间，在至少一个压力区间内检测到的压力信号中包括的脉搏波信号会包含特征点；电子设备在控制气泵以第二充气速率向气囊充气后，检测气囊的压力值；针对至少一个压力区间中的每个压力区间，电子设备从气囊的压力值等于压力区间的最小值开始，控制气泵以第三充气速率向气囊充气，直到气囊的压力值等于压力区间的最大值时，重新控制气泵以第二充气速率向气囊充气，第三充气速率小于第二充气速率。
结合第一方面和上述可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，电子设备根据历史测量数据确定至少一个压力区间，历史测量数据包括：多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号的特征点出现时气囊的压力值，至少一个压力区间是历史多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号的特征点出现时气囊的压力值的集合。
这样，结合历史多次血压测量过程中，脉搏波信号的特征点出现的压力区间，能够准确的判断本次测量过程中特征点出现时气囊可能的压力值区间。在该区间内以较慢的速率向气囊充气(即以第三充气速率向气囊充气)，能够进一步提高特征点提取的准确度。而在该区间之外，以正常的速率向气囊充气，能够保证气囊的压力可以快速上升至下一次特征点出现时的压力区间，能够避免为了提高准确度而导致的不必要的时间浪费。
结合第一方面和上述可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，电子设备根据压力阈值和预设的升压时间确定第一充气速率，升压时间是气囊的压力值由0上升至压力阈值所需的时间。
这样，能够保证对于不同血压的用户，气囊的压力值都能在较短的时间(如预设的升压时间)内上升至脉搏波信号出现的气囊压力值。
结合第一方面和上述可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，在电子设备控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气之前，方法还包括：电子设备根据历史测量数据判断是否能够控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气，历史测量数据包括：多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊的压力值；电子设备控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气，包括：电子设备在确定历史测量数据中，任意两次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊的压力值之差小于变动阈值时，控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气；其中，在任意两次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊的压力值之差大于变动阈值，则控制气泵以第二充气速率向气囊充气。
这样，根据历史测量数据判断是否可以使用快速升压的方法使气囊的压力值快速到达脉搏波信号出现的压力值，能够确定历史测量数据是否能够作为本次测量的参考，避免以历史测量数据作为参考进行快速升压导致的脉搏波信号出现时依然在快速升压的问题，也就是说，这种方法能够有效的避免脉搏波信号提取准确度的降低。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种电子设备。该电子设备包括控制单元，判断单元，确定单元，气囊以及气泵；控制单元，用于控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气；判断单元，用于在控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气的过程中，判断脉搏波信号是否出现；控制单元，还用于在确定脉搏波信号出现时，控制气泵以第二充气速率向气囊充气，第二充气速率小于 第一充气速率；确定单元，用于根据以第二充气速率向气囊充气后检测到的压力信号，实时获取脉搏波信号和静压力信号；确定单元，还用于根据脉搏波信号中的至少一个特征点和与特征点对应的静压力信号确定用户的血压值。
结合第二方面，在一种可能的实现方式中，电子设备还包括检测单元，检测单元用于在控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气的过程中，检测气囊的压力值；判断单元判断脉搏波信号是否出现，包括：判断单元判断当前时刻气囊的压力值是否大于压力阈值；其中，当当前时刻气囊的压力值大于压力阈值时，确定脉搏波信号出现，当当前时刻气囊的压力值小于压力阈值时，确定脉搏波信号未出现。
结合第二方面和上述可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，电子设备还包括检测单元，检测单元用于在控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气的过程中，检测气囊的压力信号；判断单元判断脉搏波信号是否出现，包括：判断单元判断在检测到的压力信号中是否能提取出脉搏波信号；其中，当检测到的压力信号中能提取出脉搏波信号时，确定脉搏波信号出现，当检测到的压力信号中未能提取出脉搏波信号时，确定脉搏波信号未出现。
结合第二方面和上述可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，确定单元，还用于根据历史测量数据确定压力阈值，历史测量数据包括：多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊的压力值，压力阈值是历史多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊的最小压力值。
结合第二方面和上述可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，确定单元，还用于确定至少一个压力区间，在至少一个压力区间内检测到的压力信号中包括的脉搏波信号会包含特征点；检测单元，还用于在控制气泵以第二充气速率向气囊充气后，检测气囊的压力值；针对至少一个压力区间中的每个压力区间，控制单元从气囊的压力值等于压力区间的最小值开始，控制气泵以第三充气速率向气囊充气，直到气囊的压力值等于压力区间的最大值时，重新控制气泵以第二充气速率向气囊充气，第三充气速率小于第二充气速率。
结合第二方面和上述可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，确定单元，还用于根据历史测量数据确定至少一个压力区间，历史测量数据包括：多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号的特征点出现时气囊的压力值，至少一个压力区间是历史多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号的特征点出现时气囊的压力值的集合。
结合第二方面和上述可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，确定单元，还用于根据压力阈值和预设的升压时间确定第一充气速率，升压时间是气囊的压力值由0上升至压力阈值所需的时间。
结合第二方面和上述可能的实现方式，在另一种可能的实现方式中，在控制单元控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气之前，判断单元根据历史测量数据判断是否能够控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气，历史测量数据包括：多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊的压力值；控制单元控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气，包括：判断单元确定历史测量数据中的任意两次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊的压力值之差小于变动阈值时，控制单元控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气；其中，判断单元确定历史测量数据中的任意两次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊的压力值之差大于变动阈值，则控制单元控制气泵以第二充气速率向气囊充气。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种电子设备，该电子设备可以包括处理器，用于与存储器相连，调用存储器中存储的程序，以执行如第一方面或第一方面的可能的实现方式中任一的血压测量方法。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括：计算机软件指令；当计 算机软件指令在过温保护装置中运行时，使得血压测量装置执行如第一方面或第一方面的可能的实现方式中任一种的血压测量方法。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机程序产品，当计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第一方面或第一方面的可能的实现方式中任一种的血压测量方法。
可以理解地，上述提供的第二方面和第三方面所述的电子设备，上述提供的第四方面所述的计算机可读存储介质，以及第五方面所述的计算机程序产品均用于执行上文所提供的对应的方法，因此，其所能达到的有益效果可参考上文所提供的对应的方法中的有益效果，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为现有技术提供的一种血压测量方法的信号分解示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备的组成示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种血压测量方法的流程示意图；
图4为本申请施例提供的血压测量过程中的静压力信号与脉搏波信号对应示意图；
图5为本申请另一实施例提供的一种血压测量方法的流程示意图；
图6为本申请另一实施例提供的另一种血压测量方法的流程示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备的组成示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的另一种电子设备的组成示意图。
具体实施方式
一般来说，使用传统水银血压计单次测量血压的持续时间不应超过30秒，电子血压计单次测量的持续时间不应超过40秒，否则用户可能会因测量时间过长出现不适导致血压测量结果不准确。
以电子血压计为血压手表为例，利用血压手表所采集的852例血压数据样本的时间统计如表1所示。
表1
收缩压 测量平均时间
<100mmHg 39.51s
100-120mmHg 41.59s
120-140mmHg 42.58s
140-160mmHg 45.12s
>＝160mmHg 55.75s
如表1所示出的，血压手表对收缩压的测量时间均大于或接近于40s。同时，随着收缩压的上升，测量时间显著变长。因此，相对于普通用户，血压比较高的用户在利用血压手表测量血压时耗时会更长。而这也会使得用户出现不适导致血压测量结果不准确。
为了解决上述问题，本申请实施例提供一种血压测量方法，该方法可以应用于电子设备。通常，脉搏波信号出现在线性升压的最后一段。采用本实施例的方法，在脉搏波信号出现之前的压力区间，通过采用较高的升压速率对电子设备的气囊进行充气，可使得电子设备能快速测量到脉搏波信号。即采用本申请的方法可以缩短脉搏波信号出现前的充气时间，从而减少血压测量的时间，避免了长时间测量用户出现不适的现象，从而提高了血压测量的准确度。在脉搏波信号出现后可采用正常的升压速率对气囊继续进行充气。进一步的，在脉搏波信号的特征点可能出现的压力区间内，采用较低的升压速率对气囊继续进行充气。以便延长脉搏波信号的采集时间，从而更准确地提取脉搏波信号的特征点，以便获得更准确静压力值。进 一步的提升了血压测量的准确度。
下面将结合附图对本申请实施例的实施方式进行详细描述。
示例性的，本申请实施例中的电子设备可以是手机、平板电脑、桌面型、膝上型、手持计算机、笔记本电脑、超级移动个人计算机(ultra-mobile personal computer，UMPC)、上网本，以及蜂窝电话、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)\虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备，可穿戴设备(如智能手表，在本实施例中，该智能手表也可以称为血压手表等)等设备，本申请实施例对该设备的具体形态不作特殊限制。
请参考图2，为本申请实施例提供的一种电子设备的组成示意图。如图2所示，电子设备200可以包括微控制单元(Micro-Controller Unit，MCU)201，存储单元202，气泵控制单元203，气泵204，气囊205以及压力传感器206。这些部件可通过通信线路207连接。
在本实施例中，MCU 201可以用于控制和处理信息，负责信号检测和对其他部件进行控制。
存储单元202可以用于存储历史N次血压测量时脉搏波信号对应的静压力区间以及各个脉搏波信号中特征点出现时对应的气囊的压力值(在本实施中，气囊的压力值也可以称为静压力值)。
气泵控制单元203可以用于控制气泵204输出的充气速率。气泵204可以通过连接孔或者导管与气囊205连接，可以用于对气囊205充气或者控制气囊205放气。气泵控制单元203可以通过改变气泵204输出的充气速率，调整气泵204对气囊205充气时气囊205的升压速率。其中，气泵控制单元203可以通过调整气泵204的输入功率(如电压或电流等)来控制气泵204输出的充气速率，或者，通过调整输入气泵204的信号的占空比来控制气泵204输出的充气速率。
气囊205可以由聚氯乙烯或硅胶构成。在不充气的情况下气囊205呈扁平状，一旦往气囊205中充气，气囊205就会慢慢鼓胀起来，压迫手腕部的桡动脉，此时，气囊205的压力值的变化与手腕部的桡动脉的脉动可以形成对应的关系。气囊205上至少设置有两个连接孔，其中，一个连接孔可以用于连接气泵204，以实现气囊205的充气或放气，另一个连接孔可以用于连接压力传感器206，以实现压力传感器206对于气囊的压力值的实时拾取。
在本申请实施例中，电子设备也可以不包括气泵204和气囊205，而是连接有气泵和气囊。
其中，MCU 201也可以称为处理器，其可以包括一个或多个处理单元，例如：可以包括应用处理器(application processor，AP)，图形处理器(graphics processing unit，GPU)，图像信号处理器(image signal processor，ISP)，控制器，存储器，数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)，基带处理器，和/或神经网络处理器(neural-network processing unit，NPU)等。其中，不同的处理单元可以是独立的器件，也可以集成在一个或多个处理器中。例如，气泵控制单元203可以是独立的器件，也可以和MCU202集成在一个或多个处理器中。
控制器可以是电子设备的神经中枢和指挥中心。控制器可以根据指令操作码和时序信号，产生操作控制信号，完成取指令和执行指令的控制。
处理器中还可以设置存储器，用于存储指令和数据。在一些实施例中，处理器中的存储器为高速缓冲存储器。该存储器可以保存处理器刚用过或循环使用的指令或数据。如果处理器需要再次使用该指令或数据，可从所述存储器中直接调用。避免了重复存取， 减少了处理器的等待时间，因而提高了系统的效率。
在一些实施例中，处理器可以包括一个或多个接口。接口可以包括集成电路(inter-integrated circuit，I2C)接口，集成电路内置音频(inter-integrated circuit sound，I2S)接口，脉冲编码调制(pulse code modulation，PCM)接口，通用异步收发传输器(universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter，UART)接口，移动产业处理器接口(mobile industry processor interface，MIPI)，通用输入输出(general-purpose input/output，GPIO)接口，用户标识模块(subscriber identity module，SIM)接口，和/或通用串行总线(universal serial bus，USB)接口等。
存储单元202也可以称为内部存储器，可以用于存储电子设备可执行程序代码，所述可执行程序代码包括指令。MCU 201通过运行存储在存储单元202的指令，从而执行电子设备的各种功能应用以及数据处理。例如，在本申请实施例中，MCU 201可以通过执行存储在存储单元202中的指令，在接收到测量血压的操作后，作为对该操作的响应，执行相应的事件，例如根据存储单元202中存储的历史测量数据确定脉搏波可能出现的压力段，确认本次测量的静压力区间，并计算出对应的充气速率，以实现气泵控制单元203对气囊205的升压速率的控制。存储单元202可以包括存储程序区和存储数据区。其中，存储程序区可存储操作系统，至少一个功能所需的应用程序(比如声音播放功能，图像播放功能等)等。存储数据区可存储电子设备使用过程中所创建的数据(比如压力信号等)等。此外，存储单元202可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件，闪存器件，通用闪存存储器(universal flash storage，UFS)等。
可以理解的是，本实施例示意的各模块间的连接关系，只是示意性说明，并不构成对电子设备的结构限定。在另一些实施例中，电子设备也可以采用上述实施例中不同的连接方式，或多种连接方式的组合。
另外，本实施例示意的结构并不构成对电子设备的具体限定。在另一些实施例中，电子设备可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者拆分某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。图示的部件可以以硬件，软件或软件和硬件的组合实现。
例如，电子设备还可以包括以下模块中的一个或多个：充电管理模块用于从充电器接收充电输入。其中，充电器可以是无线充电器，也可以是有线充电器。在一些有线充电的实施例中，充电管理模块可以通过USB接口接收有线充电器的充电输入。在一些无线充电的实施例中，充电管理模块可以通过电子设备的无线充电线圈接收无线充电输入。充电管理模块为电子设备的电池充电的同时，还可以通过电源管理模块为电子设备供电。
电源管理模块用于连接电子设备的电池。电源管理模块接收电池和/或充电管理模块的输入，为MCU 201，存储单元202，气泵控制单元等供电。电源管理模块还可以用于监测电池容量，电池循环次数，电池健康状态(漏电，阻抗)等参数。在其他一些实施例中，电源管理模块也可以设置于处理器中。在另一些实施例中，电源管理模块和充电管理模块也可以设置于同一个器件中。
电子设备还可具备无线通信功能。其的无线通信功能可以通过天线1，天线2，移动通信模块，无线通信模块，调制解调处理器以及基带处理器等实现。
天线1和天线2用于发射和接收电磁波信号。电子设备中的每个天线可用于覆盖单个或多个通信频带。不同的天线还可以复用，以提高天线的利用率。例如：可以将天线1复用为无线局域网的分集天线。在另外一些实施例中，天线可以和调谐开关结合使用。
移动通信模块可以提供应用在电子设备上的包括2G/3G/4G/5G等无线通信的解决方案。 移动通信模块可以包括至少一个滤波器，开关，功率放大器，低噪声放大器(low noise amplifier，LNA)等。移动通信模块可以由天线1接收电磁波，并对接收的电磁波进行滤波，放大等处理，传送至调制解调处理器进行解调。移动通信模块还可以对经调制解调处理器调制后的信号放大，经天线1转为电磁波辐射出去。在一些实施例中，移动通信模块的至少部分功能模块可以被设置于处理器中。在一些实施例中，移动通信模块的至少部分功能模块可以与处理器的至少部分模块被设置在同一个器件中。
调制解调处理器可以包括调制器和解调器。其中，调制器用于将待发送的低频基带信号调制成中高频信号。解调器用于将接收的电磁波信号解调为低频基带信号。随后解调器将解调得到的低频基带信号传送至基带处理器处理。低频基带信号经基带处理器处理后，被传递给应用处理器。应用处理器可通过电子设备的音频设备(不限于扬声器，受话器等)输出声音信号，或通过电子设备的显示屏显示图像或视频。在一些实施例中，调制解调处理器可以是独立的器件。在另一些实施例中，调制解调处理器可以独立于处理器，与移动通信模块或其他功能模块设置在同一个器件中。
无线通信模块可以提供应用在电子设备上的包括无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)(如无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wi-Fi)网络)，蓝牙(bluetooth，BT)，全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GNSS)，调频(frequency modulation，FM)，近距离无线通信技术(near field communication，NFC)，红外技术(infrared，IR)等无线通信的解决方案。无线通信模块可以是集成至少一个通信处理模块的一个或多个器件。无线通信模块经由天线2接收电磁波，将电磁波信号调频以及滤波处理，将处理后的信号发送到处理器。无线通信模块还可以从处理器接收待发送的信号，对其进行调频，放大，经天线2转为电磁波辐射出去。
在一些实施例中，电子设备的天线1和移动通信模块耦合，天线2和无线通信模块耦合，使得电子设备可以通过无线通信技术与网络以及其他设备通信。所述无线通信技术可以包括全球移动通讯系统(global system for mobile communications，GSM)，通用分组无线服务(general packet radio service，GPRS)，码分多址接入(code division multiple access，CDMA)，宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)，时分码分多址(time-division code division multiple access，TD-SCDMA)，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)，BT，GNSS，WLAN，NFC，FM，和/或IR技术等。所述GNSS可以包括全球卫星定位系统(global positioning system，GPS)，全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system，GLONASS)，北斗卫星导航系统(beidou navigation satellite system，BDS)，准天顶卫星系统(quasi-zenith satellite system，QZSS)和/或星基增强系统(satellite based augmentation systems，SBAS)。
电子设备还可具备显示功能。例如，可通过GPU，显示屏，以及应用处理器等实现显示功能。GPU为图像处理的微处理器，连接显示屏和应用处理器。GPU用于执行数学和几何计算，用于图形渲染。处理器可包括一个或多个GPU，其执行程序指令以生成或改变显示信息。
显示屏用于显示图像，视频等。显示屏包括显示面板。显示面板可以采用液晶显示屏(liquid crystal display，LCD)，有机发光二极管(organic light-emitting diode，OLED)，有源矩阵有机发光二极体或主动矩阵有机发光二极体(active-matrix organic light emitting diode，AMOLED)，柔性发光二极管(flex light-emitting diode，FLED)，Miniled，MicroLed，Micro-oLed，量子点发光二极管(quantum dot light emitting diodes，QLED)等。在一些实施例中，电子设备可以包括1个或N个显示屏，N为大于1的正整数。
电子设备还可具备拍摄功能，例如，其可以通过ISP，摄像头，视频编解码器，GPU，显示屏以及应用处理器等实现拍摄功能。
ISP用于处理摄像头反馈的数据。摄像头用于捕获静态图像或视频。物体通过镜头生成光学图像投射到感光元件。感光元件把光信号转换成电信号，之后将电信号传递给ISP转换成数字图像信号。ISP将数字图像信号输出到DSP加工处理。DSP将数字图像信号转换成标准的RGB，YUV等格式的图像信号。在一些实施例中，电子设备可以包括1个或N个摄像头，N为大于1的正整数。
数字信号处理器用于处理数字信号，除了可以处理数字图像信号，还可以处理其他数字信号。例如，当电子设备在频点选择时，数字信号处理器用于对频点能量进行傅里叶变换等。
视频编解码器用于对数字视频压缩或解压缩。电子设备可以支持一种或多种视频编解码器。这样，电子设备可以播放或录制多种编码格式的视频，例如：动态图像专家组(moving picture experts group，MPEG)1，MPEG2，MPEG3，MPEG4等。
NPU为神经网络(neural-network，NN)计算处理器，通过借鉴生物神经网络结构，例如借鉴人脑神经元之间传递模式，对输入信息快速处理，还可以不断的自学习。通过NPU可以实现电子设备的智能认知等应用，例如：图像识别，人脸识别，语音识别，文本理解等。
电子设备还可包括外部存储器接口，可以用于连接外部存储卡，例如Micro SD卡，实现扩展电子设备的存储能力。外部存储卡通过外部存储器接口与处理器通信，实现数据存储功能。例如将音乐，视频等文件保存在外部存储卡中。
电子设备还可实现音频功能，如可以通过音频模块，扬声器，受话器，麦克风，耳机接口，以及应用处理器等实现音频功能。例如音乐播放，录音等。
电子设备除了包括上述压力传感器206外，还可以包括以下传感器中的一个或多个：陀螺仪传感器可以用于确定电子设备的运动姿态。在一些实施例中，可以通过陀螺仪传感器确定电子设备围绕三个轴(即，x，y和z轴)的角速度。陀螺仪传感器可以用于拍摄防抖。陀螺仪传感器还可以用于导航，体感游戏场景。压力传感器用于测量气压。在一些实施例中，电子设备通过压力传感器测得的气压值计算海拔高度，辅助定位和导航。磁传感器包括霍尔传感器。电子设备可以利用磁传感器检测翻盖皮套的开合。加速度传感器可检测电子设备在各个方向上(一般为三轴)加速度的大小。当电子设备静止时可检测出重力的大小及方向。还可以用于识别电子设备姿态，应用于横竖屏切换，计步器等应用。距离传感器，用于测量距离。电子设备可以通过红外或激光测量距离。接近光传感器可以包括例如发光二极管(LED)和光检测器，例如光电二极管。发光二极管可以是红外发光二极管。电子设备通过发光二极管向外发射红外光。电子设备使用光电二极管检测来自附近物体的红外反射光。当检测到充分的反射光时，可以确定电子设备附近有物体。当检测到不充分的反射光时，电子设备可以确定电子设备附近没有物体。环境光传感器用于感知环境光亮度。电子设备可以根据感知的环境光亮度自适应调节显示屏亮度。指纹传感器用于采集指纹。电子设备可以利用采集的指纹特性实现指纹解锁，访问应用锁，指纹拍照，指纹接听来电等。温度传感器用于检测温度。触摸传感器，也称“触控面板”。触摸传感器可以设置于显示屏，由触摸传感器与显示屏组成触摸屏，也称“触控屏”。触摸传感器用于检测作用于其上或附近的触摸操作。触摸传感器可以将检测到的触摸操作传递给应用处理器，以确定触摸事件类型。可以通过显示屏提供与触摸操作相关的视觉输出。在另一些实施例中，触摸传感器也可以设置于电子设备的表面，与显示屏所处的位置不同。骨传导传感器可以获取振动信号。在一些实施例中，骨传导传感器可以获取人体声部振动骨块的振动信号。骨传导传感器也可以接触人体脉搏，接收血压跳动 信号。在一些实施例中，骨传导传感器也可以设置于耳机中，结合成骨传导耳机。音频模块可以基于所述骨传导传感器获取的声部振动骨块的振动信号，解析出语音信号，实现语音功能。应用处理器可以基于所述骨传导传感器获取的血压跳动信号解析心率信息，实现心率检测功能。
电子设备还可包括指示器，如可以是指示灯，可以用于指示充电状态，电量变化，也可以用于指示消息，未接来电，通知等。SIM卡接口用于连接SIM卡。SIM卡可以通过插入SIM卡接口，或从SIM卡接口拔出，实现和电子设备的接触和分离。电子设备可以支持1个或N个SIM卡接口，N为大于1的正整数。
以下实施例中的方法均可以在具有上述硬件结构的电子设备中实现。
本申请实施例提供的血压测量方法，能够对血压进行快速准确的测量。该方法可以应用于电子设备。在本申请以下实施例中，均以电子设备为血压手表为例进行介绍。该方法可通过如下步骤实现：
血压测量开始，血压手表的气泵开始向气囊中加压充气，气囊的压力值从0mmHg开始线性上升，在脉搏波信号出现之前，气泵以较大的充气速率向气囊充气。
可以理解的，充气速率越大，气囊的升压速率会越大。因此，在脉搏波信号出现之前，气泵以较大的充气速率向气囊充气，可以使得气囊以较快的升压速率升压，就能够使脉搏波信号快速出现。
当脉搏波信号出现时，降低气泵的充气速率，气泵恢复以正常的充气速率向气囊充气，以准确的获取脉搏波信号及静压力信号。
进一步的，在脉搏波信号出现后，在脉搏波信号的特征点可能出现的压力区间内，继续降低气泵的充气速率，以便气囊以更低的升压速率升压，从而使血压手表能够更准确地提取脉搏波信号的特征点和特征点出现时气囊的压力值，直至所有需要提取的特征点全部提取完毕，气泵放气，血压测量结束。
需要说明的是，在血压测量的过程中，随着血压手表气囊的升压，血压手表检测到的脉搏波信号会连续的出现在血压手表线性升压的最后一段。对于同一用户而言，脉搏波信号一般不会出现剧烈的变化，也就是说，脉搏波信号出现时气囊的压力值与脉搏波信号中所有的特征点全部提取完时气囊的压力值一般不会有剧烈的变化。因此在脉搏波信号出现后，降低血压手表中气囊的升压速率，以延长脉搏波信号的检测时间，可以有效的提高脉搏波信号中特征点信息的提取。
以下结合附图对本申请实施例提供的方法进行详细说明。结合图2，请参考图3，为本申请实施例提供的一种血压测量方法的流程示意图。如图3所示，该方法可以包括以下S301-S305。
S301、电子设备控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气。
示例性的，结合图2，血压手表在接收到用户的血压测量的操作后，MCU可以向气泵控制单元发送指令，以便气泵控制单元控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气。
由于脉搏波信号出现在血压手表线性升压的最后一段。因此，在开始测量血压时，可以通过相对较大的充气速率，如上述第一充气速率，控制气泵向气囊充气，以便气囊能够快速升压。
S302、电子设备在控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气的过程中，判断脉搏波信号是否出现。
电子设备可以在确定脉搏波信号出现时，执行以下S303。在确定脉搏波信号未出现时， 可继续控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气，即可继续执行上述S301。
示例性的，结合图2，血压手表中的压力传感器可以实时检测到的气囊的压力值，并传输给MCU。MCU可以根据实时检测到的气囊的压力值判断脉搏波信号是否出现。
例如，在一种可能的实现方式中，MCU可以判断实时检测到的气囊的压力值与压力阈值的大小关系，如果MCU确定当前时刻气囊的压力值大于压力阈值，则可确定脉搏波信号出现。如果MCU确定当前时刻气囊的压力值小于压力阈值时，则可确定脉搏波信号未出现。
又例如，在另一种可能的实现方式中，MCU根据实时检测到的气囊的压力值可以得到压力信号，如，图1中所示的原始信号，MCU经过对上述原始信号的分析，可以通过判断是否能从该原始信号中提取出脉搏波信号，来判断脉搏波信号是否出现。如果MCU确定检测到的该原始信号中能提取出脉搏波信号，则可确定脉搏波信号出现。如果MCU确定检测到的该原始信号中未能提取出脉搏波信号时，则可确定脉搏波信号未出现。
需要说明的是，在实际血压测量过程中，脉搏波信号开始出现的一段时间内，信号幅度很小，信噪比很低，不足以提供有效的测量信息，因此，在这段时间内依然可认为脉搏波信号并未出现。为了准确的判断可以提供有效信息的脉搏波信号的出现，本申请实施例中提取出脉搏波信号可以是指能提取出信号幅度达到幅度阈值的信号。例如，当气囊升压到40mmHg时，脉搏波信号开始出现，但该信号的幅度并未达到幅度阈值，因此依然可认为脉搏波信号并未出现，继续按照第一充气速率对气囊进行充气。气囊压力继续上升，脉搏波信号开始出现，且该信号的幅度达到了幅度阈值，那么认为本次脉搏波信号已经出现，控制气泵以第二充气速率向气囊充气。
S303、控制气泵以第二充气速率向气囊充气，第二充气速率小于第一充气速率。
示例性的，结合图2，MCU可以根据实时检测到的气囊的压力值判断脉搏波信号是否出现脉搏波信号。当确定脉搏波信号出现时，血压手表就可以控制气泵以第二充气速率对气囊充气，使得气囊以正常的升压速率升压。即，结束气囊的快速升压，通过正常的升压速率向气囊充气，以确保可以准确地提取脉搏波信号。
S304、电子设备根据以第二充气速率向气囊充气后检测到的压力信号，获取脉搏波信号和静压力信号。
例如，血压手表控制气泵以第二充气速率向气囊充气后，MCU可以继续检测气囊的压力值，并由此获得压力信号。另外，在结束快速升压后，可以以第二充气速率匀速向气囊充气，那么气囊中的静压力将线性上升。MCU就可以将波动的脉搏波信号与线性上升的静压力信号分离开，从而便可获得脉搏波信号和静压力信号。
S305、电子设备根据脉搏波信号中的至少一个特征点和与特征点对应的和静压力信号确定用户的血压值。
其中，脉搏波信号中包括大量的波形特征。该波形特征可以反映脉搏波信号的特征点，通过采集分析脉搏波信号的特征点，并参考静压力信号，就可以获取用户的血压值(如，舒张压和收缩压)。
本申请实施例提供的血压测量方法，通过对脉搏波信号出现之前的压力段快速升压，可有效的缩短了血压测量时间。同时，对脉搏波信号出现之后的压力段以正常速度升压，以延长脉搏波信号的检测时间，这样可有效的提高提取脉搏波信号的特征点的准确度，进而提升了血压测量的准确度。
本申请另一实施例提供了一种血压测量方法，该方法可以应用于电子设备。该方法根据历史测量数据确定压力阈值与至少一个压力区间，电子设备可以根据压力阈值与至少一个压 力区间调整气囊的升压速率，以缩短血压测量过程中的耗时，进而提高血压测量的准确度。
以下结合图4和图5对本申请实施例提供的血压测量方法进行详细说明。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例所涉及的电子设备(如，血压手表)，可以长时间佩戴在用户的手腕上，因此，血压手表具有用户专一特性。而同一用户在短时间内的血压波动幅度不大，可以通过记录用户在过去一段时间内的脉搏波信号或历史N次(N大于或等于1)血压测量数据(即历史测量数据)，来推测本次测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊可能的压力值。
类似的，对于同一个用户来说，在一段时间内这些脉搏波信号的特征点出现时气囊的压力值也是相对固定的，因此，也可以将历史测量数据中的脉搏波特征点出现时气囊的压力值作为参考，来推测本次测量过程中脉搏波信号的特征点出现时气囊可能的压力值。
在本实施例中，可以以推测出本次测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊可能的压力值，及脉搏波信号的特征点出现时气囊可能的压力值为依据，对气囊的升压速率进行调整。该方法可以称为历史数据法。
其中，可以将推测出的脉搏波信号可能出现时的气囊的压力值称为压力阈值，将推测出的脉搏波信号的特征点出现时气囊可能的压力值的集合称为压力区间。
示例性的，以电子设备为血压手表为例，说明压力阈值和压力区间的确定过程。
一方面，电子设备可以根据历史测量数据确定压力阈值。其中，历史测量数据可以包括：多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊的压力值。压力阈值可以是历史多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊的最小压力值。例如，血压手表中可以存储有历史N次(N大于或等于1)血压测量时脉搏波信号出现时气囊的压力值。由于同一个用户在不同时间内的血压值是有一定幅度波动的，因此，在历史N次血压测量过程中，脉搏波信号出现时气囊的压力值也是会有变化的。可以将上述历史N次血压测量过程中，脉搏波信号出现时气囊的最小压力值作为上述压力阈值。也就是说，在本次血压测量过程中，当气囊的压力值大于上述压力阈值时，脉搏波信号就有可能出现，或者在之后的很短时间内会出现。
示例性的，结合图4，为本申请施例提供的血压测量过程中的静压力信号与脉搏波信号对应示意图。
如图4所示，假设根据历史测量数据，脉搏波信号出现时气囊的最小压力值为P1。那么，当气囊的压力值到达P1时，就意味着本次血压测量中，脉搏波信号已经出现，或者将在短时间内出现。如图4所示，脉搏波信号到达点M1时，表示脉搏波信号已经出现，而M1处于气囊压力到达P1之后不久。也就是说，该P1就可以作为本次血压测量的压力阈值。
例如，历史记录3次(即，N＝3)血压测量数据中，脉搏波信号出现时的气囊的压力值分别为105mmHg、108mmHg和102mmHg，那么可以将102mmHg作为压力阈值。
另一方面，电子设备可以根据历史测量数据确定至少一个压力区间。其中，历史测量数据可以包括：多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号的特征点出现时气囊的压力值。至少一个压力区间可以是历史多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号的特征点出现时气囊的压力值的集合。例如，血压手表中还可以存储历史N次(N大于或等于1)血压测量时各个脉搏波信号的特征点出现时气囊的压力值。其中，脉搏波信号的特征点可以包括包络峰值、包络拐点、包络斜率最大点等。对于一般用户而言，脉搏波信号的包络呈现一个先增大后减小的单峰形态。脉搏波包络不断增大的一段称为上升段，脉搏波包络不断减小的一段称为下降段，而上升段和下降段中间是脉搏波包络幅值最大的点，称为包络峰值。此外在上升段和下降段还分别包含其他特征点，如包络拐点等。
可以理解的是，脉搏波信号的特征点是通过对整个脉搏波信号的分析得到的，因此，无 法通过对脉搏波信号的实时检测判断脉搏波信号的特征点是否出现。而对于同一个用户来说，在一段时间内这些脉搏波信号的特征点出现时对应的气囊的压力值是相对固定的。因此，针对某一个特征点，可以通过历史测量数据，获取该特征点出现时气囊可能的压力区间。这样，根据当前时刻气囊的压力值是否处于该区间内(即，当前气囊的压力值是否大于该区间的最小值，小于该区间的最大值)就可以确定该特征点是否会出现。
需要说明的是，在血压测量的过程中，需要从脉搏波信号中提取多个特征点。且多次测量过程中，同一特征点出现时气囊的压力值也会在小范围内波动，因此，每个特征点出现时气囊的压力值可以形成一个与该特征点对应的区间，而将不同次测量过程中该特征点对应的区间取并集，就可以得到该特征点可能出现时气囊的压力值的范围。本实施例中，将特征点可能出现时气囊的压力值的范围称为压力区间。在气囊的压力值在该压力区间内时，该特征点出现的几率会比较大。类似的，可以获得多个特征点各自对应的压力区间。
请参考图4，假设脉搏波信号的特征点包括图4中的M2和M3。根据历史测量数据，在历史N次血压测量过程中，M2出现时气囊的压力值的最小值为P2，M2出现时气囊的压力值的最大值为P2’，因此，M2对应的压力区间就可以是[P2,P2']。类似的，根据历史测量数据，M3对应的压力区间可以是[P3,P3']。那么，脉搏波信号的特征点M2和M3对应的压力区间就可以是[P2,P2']∪[P3,P3']。也就是说，在本次血压测量过程中，当气囊的压力值在压力区间[P2,P2']∪[P3,P3']内时，M2和M3出现的几率会比较大。
需要注意的是，不同特征点对应的压力区间可以是相交的，也可以是不相交的。在本实施例中，可以对脉搏波信号的多个特征点对应的压力区间取并集，以获得该脉搏波信号的中需要提取的特征点的压力区间。最终获得的压力区间的个数可以是一个，可以是多个。
例如，需要提取的多个特征点包括：特征点A，特征点B以及特征点C。在记录的历史测量数据中，特征点A对应的压力区间为[A1,A2]，特征点B对应的压力区间为[B1,B2]，特征点C对应的压力区间为[C1,C2]。假设A1<B1<A2<B2<C1<C2，也就是说，特征点A出现时气囊的压力值的区间与特征点B出现时气囊的压力值的区间相交。那么，对特征点A，特征点B以及特征点C对应的压力区间取并集，获得的脉搏波信号中需要提取特征点的压力区间就可以是[A1,B2]∪[C1,C2]。也就是说，当气囊的压力值在[A1,B2]∪[C1,C2]的压力区间内时，特征点A，特征点B以及特征点C出现的几率比较大。
请参考图5，为本申请另一实施例提供的一种血压测量方法的流程示意图。本申请实施例提供的血压测量方法可以包括：S501-S508。
S501、电子设备根据历史测量数据，确定能够控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气。
示例性的，血压手表的MCU可以根据历史测量数据，通过判断历史静压力区间是否稳定来确定是否能够控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气。
如果MCU判断历史静压力区间稳定，就意味着在本次血压测量中，血压手表能够根据历史测量数据比较准确地预测出脉搏波信号出现时的静压力值(如压力阈值)，那么血压手表就可控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气，即可执行以下S502-S508。
如果历史静压力区间不稳定，那么可以认为本次血压测量时，血压手表很难准确地预测出脉搏波信号出现时的静压力值(如压力阈值)，那么血压手表就可以控制气泵以第二充气速率(即正常充气速率)向气囊充气，即选择按照正常的升压速率测量血压，直至所有的脉搏波信号的特征点提取完毕。
本申请实施例中，可以通过以下方法判断历史静压力区间是否稳定。示例性的，请参考图6，MCU可以根据存储单元中存储的历史测量数据，判断历史静压力区间是否稳定。其中， 历史测量数据可以包括：多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊的压力值。例如，血压手表可以在确定历史测量数据中，任意两次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊的压力值之差小于变动阈值时，确定历史静压力区间稳定。在任意两次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊的压力值之差大于变动阈值，则确定历史静压力区不间稳定。其中，该变动阈值(例如10mmHg)可以预先设置在血压手表中。
另外，在一些实施例中，血压手表可以在确定历史静压力区间稳定后，根据存储单元中存储的历史测量数据确定压力阈值与压力区间。确定压力阈值和压力区间的具体描述参见上述实施例中对应内容的描述，此处不再详细赘述。当然，在另一些实施例中，血压手表也可以在判断历史静压力区间是否稳定之前，确定压力阈值和压力区间，本实施例在此不做具体限制。
S502、电子设备控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气。
在开始测量血压之后，可以控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气。第一充气速率可以是一个比较高的速率，以实现在脉搏波信号出现之前，控制气囊以较快的升压速率升压，以缩短血压测量的时间。
例如，结合图6，MCU可以向气泵控制单元发送第一指令，该第一指令用于指示气泵控制单元控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气。气泵控制单元响应该第一指令，可以向气泵输出第一充气速率充气的指令。气泵便可以以第一充气速率给气囊充气(即执行S601)。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，第一充气速率可以是预置的，也可以是结合历史测量数据计算获得的。
示例性的，MCU可以根据压力阈值和预设的升压时间确定第一充气速率。其中，升压时间是所述气囊的压力值由0上升至压力阈值所需的时间。例如，MCU可以根据压力阈值和预设的升压时间计算获取气囊的升压速率，那么就可以通过压力阈值和预设的升压时间获取充气速率，如第一充气速率。
可以理解的，在血压测量的过程中，对于血压越高的用户，脉搏波信号出现的时间越长，而脉搏波信号出现之前的升压时间占据了整个血压测量过程的大部分时间。为了使不同用户的血压测量耗时都比较短，本申请实施例中，可以设定快速升压过程的升压时间固定不变，那么第一压力阈值越大，快速升压过程的压力区间就越大，对应的升压速率就越大，也就意味着第一充气速率也要增大。对应的，第一压力阈值越小，升压速率就可以相对较小，快速升压过程中的第一充气速率也就较低。这样，对于血压测量需求更加频繁的血压比较高的用户，也可以保证能够以较短时间准确的测量出用户的血压值。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，判断历史静压力区间是否稳定、确定压力阈值以及根据压力阈值确定第一充气速率，可以是在接收到用户的本次血压测量的操作之后进行的，也可以是在接收到用户的血压测量的操作之前已经完成的。本申请对此不作限制。
在电子设备控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气的过程中，电子设备可以判断脉搏波信号是否出现，来确定是否需要结束快速升压阶段，使气囊恢复正常的升压速率，以便电子设备能够准确的检测出脉搏波信号。在本实施例中，电子设备可通过执行S503a或S503b来实现脉搏波信号是否出现判断。
S503a、电子设备在控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气的过程中，判断当前时刻气囊的压力值是否大于压力阈值。
其中，上述压力阈值可以根据历史测量数据确定。该历史测量数据可以包括：多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊的压力值。而压力阈值可以是历史多次血压测量过程中脉 搏波信号出现时气囊的最小压力值。
示例性的，结合图6，在血压手表控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气的过程中，压力传感器可以实时检测到的气囊的压力值，并将检测到的气囊的压力值传输给MCU。那么，MCU就可以判断当前时刻气囊的压力值是否大于压力阈值。当当前时刻气囊的压力值大于上述压力阈值时，电子设备就可以确定已经有脉搏波信号出现，或者在当前时刻之后的很短时间内会出现脉搏波信号，此时可执行S504。反之，当当前时刻气囊的压力值小于压力阈值时，电子设备便可确定脉搏波信号未出现，此时，电子设备可继续控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气，即继续执行上述S502。
S503b、电子设备在控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气的过程中，检测气囊的压力信号，并判断在检测到的压力信号中是否能提取出脉搏波信号。
当检测到的压力信号中能提取出脉搏波信号时，电子设备确定脉搏波信号出现，执行以下S504；
当检测到的压力信号中未能提取出脉搏波信号时，电子设备确定脉搏波信号未出现,返回执行S502。
示例性的，如图6所示，在MCU向气泵控制单元发送第一指令以控制气泵以第一充气速率向气囊充气的同时，压力传感器可以实时检测气囊中的压力值，并将压力值实时反馈给MCU。MCU便可根据上述压力传感器实时反馈的气囊的压力值获取气囊的压力信号，进而判断脉搏波信号是否出现。当脉搏波信号出现时，MCU可以控制电子设备继续执行以下S504，而当确认脉搏波信号未出现时，MCU可以空气气囊继续以第一充气速率充气，即返回执行上述S502。
需要说明的是，对于能否提取出脉搏波信号，本申请实施例中，以脉搏波信号能够提供有效的测量信息为准。例如，类似于图3所示实施例S302中的说明，此处不再赘述。
S504、电子设备控制气泵以第二充气速率向气囊充气，第二充气速率小于第一充气速率。
可以看到，当脉搏波信号出现之后，为了更加准确的提取脉搏波信号，血压手表可以控制气泵以第二充气速率向气囊充气。其中，第二充气速率小于第一充气速率。因此，在脉搏波信号出现之后，结束了以第一充气速率向气囊充气的快速升压阶段，改为以第二充气速率向气囊充气的正常升压阶段。这样，血压手表能够在脉搏波信号出现之前控制气囊进行快速升压，缩短脉搏波信号出现之前的测量时间。同时，电子设备还能够在脉搏波信号出现之后控制气囊以正常速率升压，更有利于准确的提取脉搏波信号。
示例性的，结合图6，MCU可以向气泵控制单元发送第二指令，该第二指令用于指示气泵控制单元控制气泵以第二充气速率向气囊充气。气泵控制单元响应该第二指令，可以向气泵输出第二充气速率充气的指令。气泵便可以以第二充气速率给气囊充气(即执行S602)。
S505、电子设备在控制气泵以第二充气速率向气囊充气后，检测气囊的压力值。
类似于本实施例S503a中的描述，结合图6，在电子设备控制气泵开始以第二充气速率向气囊充气后，压力传感器可以实时检测到的气囊的压力值，并将检测到的气囊的压力值传输给MCU。
S506、针对至少一个压力区间中的每个压力区间，电子设备从气囊的压力值等于压力区间的最小值开始，控制气泵以第三充气速率向气囊充气，直到气囊的压力值等于压力区间的最大值时，重新控制气泵以第二充气速率向气囊充气。其中，第三充气速率小于第二充气速率。
可以理解的是，针对至少一个压力区间中的每个压力区间，当当前时刻气囊的压力值处于该压力区间内时，气囊的压力信号中有较大的几率可以提取出脉搏波信号的特征点。示例 性的，当气囊的压力值处于该压力区间内时，MCU可以向气泵控制单元发送第三指令，该第三指令用于指示气泵控制单元控制气泵以第三充气速率向气囊充气。气泵控制单元响应该第三指令，可以向气泵输出第三充气速率充气的指令。气泵便可以以第三充气速率给气囊充气(即执行S603)。其中，第三充气速率小于第二充气速率。也就是说，当确定气囊的压力信号中可能包含脉搏波信号的特征点时，血压手表控制气囊以小于正常升压速率的速率升压，便可进一步延长特征点提取的时间，以提高特征点提取的准确度。
示例性的，如图4所示，假设血压手表根据历史数据确定的至少一个压力区间包括[P2,P2']∪[P3,P3']。当气囊的压力值小于P1时，如图4示出的信号1，脉搏波信号未出现，血压手表控制气囊快速升压。当气囊的压力值大于P1时，如图4示出的信号2，脉搏波信号出现(如脉搏波信号的M1出现)，血压手表控制气囊开始以正常的升压速率升压。当气囊的压力值大于P1且小于P2时(如信号2A)，特征点M2尚未出现，血压手表可以控制气囊以正常速率升压。当气囊的压力值大于P2且小于P2’时(如信号2B)，特征点M2有较大的几率出现，那么血压手表可以控制气囊以较慢的速率升压。当气囊的压力值大于P2’且小于P3时，特征点M2已经提取完成，血压手表控制气囊恢复正常的速率升压。类似的，当气囊的压力值大于P3且小于P3’时，特征点M3有较大的几率出现，血压手表可以控制气囊以较慢的速率升压。如此重复，直至所有需要的特征点均已提取完毕。
需要说明的是，上述示例中是以气囊的压力值处于压力区间内时通过控制气囊以小于正常升压速率的速率升压，以便提高特征点提取的准确度进行说明的。在另一实施例中，当气囊的压力值处于压力区间内时，电子设备也可以控制气囊不升压，即升压速率为0。在该实施例中，电子设备可以获取特征点可能出现的时间区间。该时间区间可以根据历史测量数据确定。该历史测量数据中可以包括多个特征点可能出现的时间区间。电子设备可以判断当前时刻是否处于该时间区间内来调整气囊的升压速率，以实现对特征点的准确提取。
示例性的，如图4所示的，假设血压手表根据历史数据确定的至少一个时间区间包括[T2,T2']∪[T3,T3']。当当前时刻小于T1时，如图4示出的静压力信号中的信号1，脉搏波信号未出现，血压手表控制气囊快速升压。当当前时刻大于T1时，如图4示出的信号2，脉搏波信号出现(如图4中的M1出现)，血压手表控制气囊开始以正常的升压速率升压。当当前时刻大于T1且小于T2时(如信号2A)，特征点M2尚未出现，血压手表控制气囊以正常速率升压。当当前时刻大于T2且小于T2’时(如信号2B)，特征点M2有较大几率出现，血压手表控制气囊以较慢的速率升压，或者不升压。当当前时刻大于T2’且小于T3时，特征点M2已经提取完成，血压手表控制气囊恢复正常的速率升压。类似的，当当前时刻大于T3且小于T3’时，特征点M3有较大的几率出现，血压手表控制气囊以较慢的速率升压，或者不升压。如此重复，直至所有需要的特征点均已提取完毕。
以上两种方法均可实现本申请实施例提供的血压测量方法，并缩短血压测量时间，提升血压测量的准确度。本申请实施例对于选用以上两种方法中的哪一个执行不做限制。
S507、电子设备根据以第二充气速率向气囊充气后检测到的压力信号，获取脉搏波信号和静压力信号。
示例性的，类似于本实施例S503a中的描述，结合图6，在电子设备控制气泵开始以第二充气速率向气囊充气后，压力传感器可以实时检测到的气囊的压力值，并将检测到的气囊的压力值传输给MCU。
在本申请实施例中，电子设备可以从开始血压测量起，不间断的检测气囊的压力值，并从开始血压测量起，根据检测到的压力值生成压力信号。但由于脉搏波信号是在气囊的压力值等于P1之后才可能出现的，因此，电子设备可以仅对控制气泵以第二充气速率向气囊充气后的压力信号，即从气囊的压力值等于P1开始的压力信号进行分析，以便提取出脉搏波信号 和静压力信号。当然，在一些实施例中，电子设备也可以在脉搏波信号出现之前不生成压力信号，而是从控制气泵以第二充气速率向气囊充气后，才开始生成压力信号，并对该压力信号进行分析，以提取出脉搏波信号和静压力信号。在另一些实施例中，在脉搏波信号出现之后，其特征点可能并未出现，只有提取出的脉搏波信号中包含有特征点，才可以确定出用户的血压值，因此，电子设备脉搏波信号的特征点出现之前不生成压力信号，而是从控制气泵以第一次以第三充气速率向气囊充气后，才开始生成压力信号，并对该信号进行分析，以提取出脉搏波信号和静压力信号。
S508、电子设备根据脉搏波信号中的至少一个特征点和与特征点对应的和静压力信号确定用户的血压值。
示例性的，电子设备在获取脉搏波信号之后，可以从脉搏波信号中提取与血压相关的脉搏波信号的特征点，通过脉搏波信号的特征点可以计算出舒张压和收缩压出现的时间，并将其映射到静压力信号中，获得特征点对应的静压力值，以此获取用户的血压值，例如用户的舒张压和收缩压。
例如，常见的脉搏波信号的特征点对应的静压力值及其定义如表2所示。
表2
Figure PCTCN2020095006-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2020095006-appb-000002
例如，可以从脉搏波信号中提取出大量脉搏波信号的特征点，如脉搏波最大幅度A(MP)，将A(MP)对应的脉搏波积分并除以波动周期，可以确定对应的包络幅值A(SP)，那么，根据包络幅值为A(SP)时对应的静压力信号中的静压力值就可以获取用户的收缩压。A(MP)与A(SP)的差值可以对应A(DP)的包络幅值，即A(DP)＝A(MP)-A(SP)。根据包络幅值为A(DP)时对应的静压力信号中的静压力值就可以获取用户的舒张压。本申请实施例提供的方法，血压手表可以通过压力传感器实时检测气囊的压力值并反馈给MCU，MCU可以根据上述气囊的压力值与时间的关系得到原始信号。MCU可以对上述原始信号进行分析，得到如图4所示的静压力信号与脉搏波信号，其中，对于每个脉搏波信号中的信号点，都可以与同一时刻静压力信号中的气囊的压力值一一对应。那么，MCU通过脉搏波信号确定各个特征点的位置与出现时间，参考静压力信号，就可以得到各个特征点对应的静压力值，如上述脉搏波最大幅度对应的静压力值。
当脉搏波最大幅度A(MP)无法准确的提取出时，可以结合如表2所示的其他脉搏波信号的特征点，获取用户的舒张压和收缩压。本申请在此不做赘述。
本申请实施例提供的血压测量方法，结合历史数据法，通过对脉搏波信号出现之前的压力段快速升压，能够显著缩短血压测量的时间。电子设备控制气囊在脉搏波信号出现之后的压力段以正常速度升压，适当延长脉搏波信号的提取时间，能够有效的提高提取脉搏波信号的准确度。进一步的，电子设备控制气囊在脉搏波信号的特征点可能出现的压力段以较慢的速率升压或不升压，并提取对应的脉搏波信号以及静压力信号，进而获取用户的血压信息，能够进一步延长脉搏波信号的特征点的提取时间，进而达到提高血压测量准确度的目的。
以上说明主要从电子设备的角度对本申请实施例提供的方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是，电子设备为了实现上述功能，其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块，这些执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块可以构成一个电子设备。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例对电子设备进行功能模块的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能模块，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
在采用对应各个功能划分各个功能模块的情况下，图7示出了上述实施例中涉及的电子设备的一种可能的组成示意图，如图7所示，该过电子设备包括：控制单元701，判断单元702，确定单元703，气囊704以及气泵705。例如，控制单元701、判断单元702以及确定单元也可以是如图2所示MCU，气囊704也可以是如图2所示的气囊205，气泵705也可以是如图2所示的气泵204。
其中，控制单元701，用于控制气泵705以第一充气速率向气囊704充气。示例性的， 控制单元701可以用于执行上述图3所示血压测量方法的S301。控制单元701还可以用于执行上述图5所示血压测量方法的S502。
判断单元702，用于在控制气泵705以第一充气速率向气囊704充气的过程中，判断脉搏波信号是否出现。示例性的，判断单元702可以用于执行上述图3所示血压测量方法的S302。判断单元702还可以用于执行上述图5所示血压测量方法的S503a或S503b。
控制单元701，还用于在确定脉搏波信号出现时，控制气泵705以第二充气速率向气囊704充气，其中，第二充气速率小于第一充气速率。示例性的，控制单元701还可以用于执行上述图3所示血压测量方法的S303。控制单元701还可以用于执行上述图5所示血压测量方法的S504。
确定单元703，用于根据以第二充气速率向气囊704充气后检测到的压力信号，实时获取脉搏波信号和静压力信号，并根据脉搏波信号中的至少一个特征点和与特征点对应的静压力信号确定用户的血压值。示例性的，确定单元703还可以用于执行上述图3所示血压测量方法的S304、S305。确定单元703还可以用于执行上述图5所示血压测量方法的S508。
需要说明的是，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述，在此不再赘述。本申请实施例提供的电子设备，用于执行上述血压测量方法，因此可以达到与上述血压测量方法相同的效果。
在采用对应各个功能划分各个功能模块的情况下，图8示出了上述实施例中涉及的电子设备的另一种可能的组成示意图，如图8所示，该过电子设备包括：控制单元801，判断单元802，确定单元803，检测单元804，气囊805以及气泵806。其中，结合图2，控制单元801、判断单元802、确定单元803以及检测单元804也可以是如图2所示的MCU201，气囊805也可以是如图2所示的气囊205，气泵806也可以是如图2所示的气泵204。
判断单元802，用于确定历史测量数据中的任意两次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊805的压力值之差小于变动阈值时，确定能够控制气泵806以第一充气速率向气囊805充气，那么，控制单元801控制气泵806以第一充气速率向气囊805充气。其中，历史测量数据可以包括：多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊805的压力值。例如，示例性的，确定单元803，可以用于执行上述图5所示的S501。
其中，判断单元802确定历史测量数据中的任意两次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊805的压力值之差大于变动阈值，则控制单元801控制气泵806以第二充气速率向气囊805充气。
确定单元803，还用于根据压力阈值和预设的升压时间确定第一充气速率，升压时间是气囊805的压力值由0上升至压力阈值所需的时间。
控制单元801，还用于控制气泵806以第一充气速率向气囊805充气。示例性的，控制单元801可以用于执行上述图5所示的S502。
确定单元803，还用于根据历史测量数据确定压力阈值。其中，历史测量数据包括：多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊805的压力值，压力阈值是历史多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号出现时气囊805的最小压力值。
检测单元804，用于在控制气泵806以第一充气速率向气囊805充气的过程中，检测气囊805的压力值。判断单元802，用于判断当前时刻气囊805的压力值是否大于压力阈值。当当前时刻气囊805的压力值大于压力阈值时，确定脉搏波信号出现，当当前时刻气囊805的压力值小于压力阈值时，确定脉搏波信号未出现。示例性的，检测单元804和判断单元802可以用于执行上述图5所示的S503a。
检测单元804，还用于在控制气泵806以第一充气速率向气囊805充气的过程中，检测气囊805的压力信号。判断单元802，用于判断判断在检测到的压力信号中是否能提取出脉搏波信号。当检测到的压力信号中能提取出脉搏波信号时，确定脉搏波信号出现，当检测到的压力信号中未能提取出脉搏波信号时，确定脉搏波信号未出现。示例性的，检测单元804和判断单元802可以用于执行上述图5所示的S503b。
控制单元801，还用于控制气泵806以第二充气速率向气囊805充气。其中，第二充气速率小于第一充气速率。示例性的，控制单元801可以用于执行上述图5所示的S504。
确定单元803，还用于根据历史测量数据确定至少一个压力区间，在至少一个压力区间内检测到的压力信号中包括的脉搏波信号会包含特征点。其中，历史测量数据包括：多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号的特征点出现时气囊的压力值，至少一个压力区间是历史多次血压测量过程中脉搏波信号的特征点出现时气囊的压力值的集合。
检测单元804，还用于在控制气泵806以第二充气速率向气囊充805气后，检测气囊805的压力值。示例性的，检测单元804可以用于执行上述图5所示的S505。
控制单元801，还用于针对至少一个压力区间中的每个压力区间，从气囊805的压力值等于压力区间的最小值开始，控制气泵806以第三充气速率向气囊805充气，直到气囊805的压力值等于压力区间的最大值时，重新控制气泵806以第二充气速率向气囊805充气。其中，第三充气速率小于第二充气速率。示例性的，控制单元801可以用于执行上述图5所示的S506。
确定单元803，还用于根据以第二充气速率向气囊充气后检测到的压力信号，获取脉搏波信号和静压力信号。并根据脉搏波信号中的至少一个特征点和与特征点对应的静压力信号确定用户的血压值。示例性的，确定单元803可以用于执行上述图5所示的S507、S508。
需要说明的是，上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述，在此不再赘述。本申请实施例提供的电子设备，用于执行上述血压测量方法，因此可以达到与上述血压测量方法相同的效果。
在采用集成的单元的情况下，上述实施例中所涉及的电子设备的另一种可能的组成中可以包括：处理模块，通信模块，气囊和气泵。
处理模块用于对电子设备的动作进行控制管理，例如，处理模块用于支持电子设备执行图3中的S301-S305，图5中的S501-S508和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其它过程。通信模块用于支持电子设备与其他网络实体的通信，例如与图2中示出的功能模块或网络实体之间的通信。电子设备还可以包括存储模块，用于存储电子设备的程序代码和数据。
本申请实施例提供的电子设备，用于执行上述血压测量方法，因此可以达到与上述血压测量方法相同的效果。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，仅以上述各功能模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能模块完成，即将装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，模块或单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个装置，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是一个物理单元或多个物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个不同地方。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
集成的单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请实施例的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的全部或部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一个设备(可以是单片机，芯片等)或处理器(processor)执行本申请各个实施例方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何在本申请揭露的技术范围内的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种血压测量方法，其特征在于，应用于电子设备，所述电子设备包括气囊和气泵；所述方法包括：
    所述电子设备控制所述气泵以第一充气速率向所述气囊充气；
    所述电子设备在控制所述气泵以所述第一充气速率向所述气囊充气的过程中，检测压力信号，并根据所述压力信号判断脉搏波信号是否出现；
    所述电子设备在确定所述脉搏波信号出现时，控制所述气泵以第二充气速率向所述气囊充气，所述第二充气速率小于所述第一充气速率；
    所述电子设备根据以所述第二充气速率向所述气囊充气后检测到的压力信号，实时获取所述脉搏波信号和静压力信号；
    所述电子设备根据所述脉搏波信号中的至少一个特征点和与所述特征点对应的所述静压力信号确定用户的血压值。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述判断脉搏波信号是否出现，包括：
    所述电子设备在控制所述气泵以所述第一充气速率向所述气囊充气的过程中，检测所述气囊的压力值，并判断当前时刻所述气囊的压力值是否大于压力阈值；
    其中，当当前时刻所述气囊的压力值大于所述压力阈值时，确定所述脉搏波信号出现，当当前时刻所述气囊的压力值小于所述压力阈值时，确定所述脉搏波信号未出现。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述判断脉搏波信号是否出现，包括：
    所述电子设备在控制所述气泵以所述第一充气速率向所述气囊充气的过程中，检测所述气囊的压力信号，并判断在检测到的压力信号中是否能提取出所述脉搏波信号；
    其中，当检测到的压力信号中能提取出所述脉搏波信号时，确定所述脉搏波信号出现，当检测到的压力信号中未能提取出所述脉搏波信号时，确定所述脉搏波信号未出现。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述电子设备根据历史测量数据确定所述压力阈值，所述历史测量数据包括：多次血压测量过程中所述脉搏波信号出现时所述气囊的压力值，所述压力阈值是历史多次血压测量过程中所述脉搏波信号出现时所述气囊的最小压力值。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述电子设备获取至少一个压力区间，在所述至少一个压力区间内检测到的压力信号中包括的脉搏波信号会包含特征点；
    所述电子设备在控制所述气泵以所述第二充气速率向所述气囊充气后，检测所述气囊的压力值；
    针对所述至少一个压力区间中的每个压力区间，所述电子设备从所述气囊的压力值等于所述压力区间的最小值开始，控制所述气泵以第三充气速率向所述气囊充气，直到所述气囊的压力值等于所述压力区间的最大值时，重新控制所述气泵以所述第二充气速率向所述气囊充气，所述第三充气速率小于所述第二充气速率。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述电子设备根据历史测量数据确定所述至少一个压力区间，所述历史测量数据包括：多次血压测量过程中所述脉搏波信号的特征点出现时所述气囊的压力值，所述至少一个压力区间是历史多次血压测量过程中所述脉搏波信号的特征点出现时所述气囊的压力值的集合。
  7. 根据权利要求2、4-6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述电子设备根据所述压力阈值和预设的升压时间确定所述第一充气速率，所述升压时 间是所述气囊的压力值由0上升至所述压力阈值所需的时间。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述电子设备控制所述气泵以第一充气速率向所述气囊充气之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述电子设备根据历史测量数据判断是否能够控制所述气泵以所述第一充气速率向所述气囊充气，所述历史测量数据包括：多次血压测量过程中所述脉搏波信号出现时所述气囊的压力值；
    所述电子设备控制所述气泵以第一充气速率向所述气囊充气，包括：
    所述电子设备在确定所述历史测量数据中，任意两次血压测量过程中所述脉搏波信号出现时所述气囊的压力值之差小于变动阈值时，控制所述气泵以第一充气速率向所述气囊充气；
    其中，在任意两次血压测量过程中所述脉搏波信号出现时所述气囊的压力值之差大于所述变动阈值，则控制所述气泵以所述第二充气速率向所述气囊充气。
  9. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，应用于电子设备，
    所述电子设备包括控制单元，判断单元，确定单元，气囊以及气泵；
    所述控制单元，用于控制所述气泵以第一充气速率向所述气囊充气；
    所述判断单元，用于在控制所述气泵以所述第一充气速率向所述气囊充气的过程中，判断脉搏波信号是否出现；
    所述控制单元，还用于在判断单元确定所述脉搏波信号出现时，控制所述气泵以第二充气速率向所述气囊充气，所述第二充气速率小于所述第一充气速率；
    所述确定单元，用于根据以所述第二充气速率向所述气囊充气后检测到的压力信号，实时获取所述脉搏波信号和静压力信号；
    所述确定单元，还用于根据所述脉搏波信号中的至少一个特征点和与所述特征点对应的所述静压力信号确定用户的血压值。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备还包括检测单元，
    所述检测单元用于在控制所述气泵以所述第一充气速率向所述气囊充气的过程中，检测所述气囊的压力值；
    所述判断单元用于判断脉搏波信号是否出现，包括：
    所述判断单元用于判断当前时刻所述气囊的压力值是否大于压力阈值；
    其中，当当前时刻所述气囊的压力值大于所述压力阈值时，确定所述脉搏波信号出现，当当前时刻所述气囊的压力值小于所述压力阈值时，确定所述脉搏波信号未出现。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备还包括检测单元，
    所述检测单元用于在控制所述气泵以所述第一充气速率向所述气囊充气的过程中，检测所述气囊的压力信号；
    所述判断单元用于判断脉搏波信号是否出现，包括：
    所述判断单元用于判断在检测到的压力信号中是否能提取出所述脉搏波信号；
    其中，当检测到的压力信号中能提取出所述脉搏波信号时，确定所述脉搏波信号出现，当检测到的压力信号中未能提取出所述脉搏波信号时，确定所述脉搏波信号未出现。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的电子设备，其特征在于，
    所述确定单元，还用于根据历史测量数据确定所述压力阈值，所述历史测量数据包括：多次血压测量过程中所述脉搏波信号出现时所述气囊的压力值，所述压力阈值是历史多次血压测量过程中所述脉搏波信号出现时所述气囊的最小压力值。
  13. 根据权利要求9-12中任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，
    所述确定单元，还用于确定至少一个压力区间，在所述至少一个压力区间内检测到的压力信号中包括的脉搏波信号会包含特征点；
    所述检测单元，还用于在控制所述气泵以所述第二充气速率向所述气囊充气后，检测所述气囊的压力值；
    针对所述至少一个压力区间中的每个压力区间，所述控制单元从所述气囊的压力值等于所述压力区间的最小值开始，控制所述气泵以第三充气速率向所述气囊充气，直到所述气囊的压力值等于所述压力区间的最大值时，重新控制所述气泵以所述第二充气速率向所述气囊充气，所述第三充气速率小于所述第二充气速率。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电子设备，其特征在于，
    所述确定单元，还用于根据历史测量数据确定所述至少一个压力区间，所述历史测量数据包括：多次血压测量过程中所述脉搏波信号的特征点出现时所述气囊的压力值，所述至少一个压力区间是历史多次血压测量过程中所述脉搏波信号的特征点出现时所述气囊的压力值的集合。
  15. 根据权利要求10、12-14中任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，
    确定单元，还用于根据所述压力阈值和预设的升压时间确定所述第一充气速率，所述升压时间是所述气囊的压力值由0上升至所述压力阈值所需的时间。
  16. 根据权利要求9-15中任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，在所述控制单元用于控制所述气泵以第一充气速率向所述气囊充气之前，包括：
    所述判断单元用于根据历史测量数据判断是否能够控制所述气泵以所述第一充气速率向所述气囊充气，所述历史测量数据包括：多次血压测量过程中所述脉搏波信号出现时所述气囊的压力值；
    所述控制单元用于控制所述气泵以第一充气速率向所述气囊充气，包括：
    所述判断单元用于确定所述历史测量数据中的任意两次血压测量过程中所述脉搏波信号出现时所述气囊的压力值之差小于变动阈值时，所述控制单元控制所述气泵以第一充气速率向所述气囊充气；
    其中，所述判断单元用于确定所述历史测量数据中的任意两次血压测量过程中所述脉搏波信号出现时所述气囊的压力值之差大于所述变动阈值，则所述控制单元控制所述气泵以所述第二充气速率向所述气囊充气。
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