WO2020245911A1 - 電解液吸収粒子、自立シート、リチウムイオン二次電池用電極、セパレータ、およびリチウムイオン二次電池 - Google Patents

電解液吸収粒子、自立シート、リチウムイオン二次電池用電極、セパレータ、およびリチウムイオン二次電池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020245911A1
WO2020245911A1 PCT/JP2019/022160 JP2019022160W WO2020245911A1 WO 2020245911 A1 WO2020245911 A1 WO 2020245911A1 JP 2019022160 W JP2019022160 W JP 2019022160W WO 2020245911 A1 WO2020245911 A1 WO 2020245911A1
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Prior art keywords
electrolytic solution
secondary battery
ion secondary
lithium ion
active material
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
和希 西面
嵩士 中川
藤野　健
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Priority to US17/616,183 priority Critical patent/US20220328934A1/en
Priority to JP2021524540A priority patent/JP7284260B2/ja
Priority to PCT/JP2019/022160 priority patent/WO2020245911A1/ja
Priority to CN201980097158.6A priority patent/CN113906594A/zh
Publication of WO2020245911A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020245911A1/ja
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/471—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01M50/48—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof characterised by the material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
    • H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
    • H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electrolyte absorbing particles, a self-supporting sheet containing the same, an electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery containing the same, a separator using the same, and a lithium ion secondary battery using the same.
  • a lithium ion secondary battery using a liquid as an electrolyte has a structure in which a separator is present between a positive electrode and a negative electrode and is filled with a liquid electrolyte (electrolyte solution).
  • Such lithium ion secondary batteries have various requirements depending on the application. For example, in the case of an automobile or the like, it is desirable that the battery has a high energy density and the output characteristics are not deteriorated even if it is repeatedly charged and discharged.
  • the output characteristics of lithium ion secondary batteries tend to deteriorate due to repeated charging and discharging. This is because the electrolytic solution is decomposed by repeated charging and discharging, a passivation film is formed on the electrode, the internal resistance gradually increases, the amount of the electrolytic solution decreases, and the electrolytic solution becomes insufficient. ..
  • the solid electrolyte particles have high wettability of the electrolytic solution, they do not have a function of immobilizing the electrolytic solution. Therefore, due to the gravity of the electrolyte and the expansion and contraction of the electrodes due to the charge and discharge of the lithium ion secondary battery, the electrolyte easily disappears from the surface of the solid electrolyte particles, and as a result, even if the solid electrolyte is added. , The effect was limited.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above, and the electrolytic solution absorbing particles, the self-standing sheet containing the electrolytic solution absorbing particles, the self-supporting sheet containing the electrolytic solution absorbing particles, and the lithium containing the same, which have the liquid retaining property of the electrolytic solution and can improve the transport characteristics of lithium ions
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an electrode for an ion secondary battery, a separator using the electrode, and a lithium ion secondary battery using the electrode.
  • the present inventors have conducted diligent studies to solve the above problems. Then, if a resin layer capable of absorbing the electrolytic solution is provided on the surface of the particles made of a highly dielectric oxide solid, the particles have an electrolytic solution retention property and can improve the lithylium ion transport property.
  • the present invention has been completed.
  • the present invention is an electrolytic solution absorbing particle having a resin layer capable of absorbing an electrolytic solution on the surface of a highly dielectric oxide solid.
  • the highly dielectric oxide solid may be an oxide having lithium ion conductivity.
  • the highly dielectric oxide solid may be a ferroelectric oxide having a powder relative permittivity of 10 or more.
  • the highly dielectric oxide solid may have a lithium ion conductivity of 10-7 S / cm or more at 25 ° C.
  • the highly dielectric oxide solid is obtained from the chemical formula Li 7-y La 3-x A x Zr 2- y My O 12 (in the formula, A is from Y, Nd, Sm, Gd). Any one of the metals selected from the group, x is in the range 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 3, M is Nb or Ta, and y is in the range 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2). It may be a composite metal oxide having a represented garnet-type structure.
  • the highly dielectric oxide solid is composed of the chemical formula Li 1 + x + y (Al, Ga) x (Ti, Ge) 2-x Si y P 3-y O 12 (where 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, It may be a composite metal oxide containing a crystal represented by 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1).
  • the resin layer has pores, and the electrolytic solution may be filled in the pores and absorbed.
  • the volume of the pores may be 30 vol% or more with respect to the volume of the resin layer.
  • Another invention is a self-supporting sheet containing the above-mentioned electrolyte absorbing particles.
  • Another invention of the present invention is an electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery containing an electrode active material and the above-mentioned electrolytic solution absorbing particles.
  • the blending amount of the electrolytic solution absorbing particles may be 0.1 part by mass or more and 5 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the lithium ion secondary battery electrode.
  • the electrode active material may be a positive electrode active material.
  • the electrode active material may be a negative electrode active material.
  • Another invention is an electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery including a current collector and an electrode active material layer containing an electrode active material formed on at least one surface of the current collector, and the electrode active material.
  • An electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery having an electrolytic solution absorbing layer containing the above electrolytic solution absorbing particles on the layer.
  • the electrolytic solution absorbing layer may come into contact with the separator when the lithium ion secondary battery is formed.
  • the electrode active material may be a positive electrode active material.
  • the electrode active material may be a negative electrode active material.
  • Another invention is a separator for a lithium ion secondary battery, which has an electrolytic solution absorbing layer containing the above electrolytic solution absorbing particles on at least one surface of a base material.
  • Another invention of the present invention includes a positive electrode layer for a lithium ion secondary battery including a positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode active material, a negative electrode layer for a lithium ion secondary battery including a negative electrode active material layer containing a negative electrode active material, and the like.
  • a lithium ion secondary battery comprising a separator arranged between a positive electrode layer for a lithium ion secondary battery and a negative electrode layer for a lithium ion secondary battery, and an electrolytic solution, wherein the lithium ion secondary battery is provided.
  • a lithium ion secondary battery comprising an electrolytic solution absorbing layer containing the electrolytic solution absorbing particles between the positive electrode layer and / or the negative electrode layer for the lithium ion secondary battery and the separator.
  • the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention have a liquid retaining property of the electrolytic solution, it is possible to prevent the electrolyte solution from being lacking on the particle surface. As a result, the transport characteristics of lithium ions can be improved, the initial resistance of the lithium ion secondary battery can be reduced, and the increase in internal resistance due to repeated charging and discharging can be suppressed.
  • the calorific value can be suppressed even at a high rate, and as a result, stable battery performance with a long life can be exhibited. it can.
  • the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention have a resin layer on the surface, if they are blended in at least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the amount of the binder used at the same time can be reduced. As a result, the decrease in cell energy density can be suppressed.
  • the electrode is particularly affected by the high reaction force due to the expansion and contraction of the electrode due to charging and discharging. It is possible to suppress a shortage of electrolytic solution generated by pushing out the electrolytic solution between the surface and the separator. As a result, the precipitation of lithium can be suppressed even by quick charging, and the durability of the battery can be improved in addition to the short-circuit toughness which has been a problem in the past.
  • the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention have a resin layer on the surface, they exhibit adhesiveness. Therefore, if the layer containing the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention is arranged between at least one of the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer and the separator, the expansion and contraction of the electrode due to charging and discharging causes the space between the electrode and the separator. It is possible to prevent the formation of a gap in the space.
  • the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention are particles having a resin layer capable of absorbing an electrolytic solution on the surface of a highly dielectric oxide solid.
  • the solid is not particularly limited as long as it is a solid made of a highly dielectric oxide. Various particles can be applied.
  • lithium ion conductivity an oxide having lithium ion conductivity is preferable. If the highly dielectric oxide solid constituting the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention is an oxide having lithium ion conductivity, the lithium ions in the particles move easily and the dielectric action is effectively exhibited. Therefore, the degree of dissociation of the electrolytic solution tends to be improved.
  • the highly dielectric oxide solid constituting the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention is preferably an oxide having a lithium ion conductivity of 10-7 S / cm or more at 25 ° C.
  • the lithium ion conductivity is preferably 10-5 S / cm or more at 25 ° C., and particularly preferably 10-4 S / cm or more.
  • the lithium ions in the particles are more concentrated. Since it becomes easy to move, the dielectric action can be exhibited more effectively.
  • the highly dielectric oxide solid constituting the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention is preferably a ferroelectric oxide having a powder relative permittivity of 10 or more.
  • a ferroelectric oxide having a powder relative permittivity of 15 or more is more preferable, and a ferroelectric oxide having a powder relative permittivity of 20 or more is particularly preferable.
  • the powder relative permittivity in the present specification means a value obtained by the following method.
  • ⁇ Measurement method of powder relative permittivity ⁇ The powder is introduced into a tablet molding machine having a diameter (R) of 38 mm for measurement, and compressed using a hydraulic press so that the thickness (d) is 1 to 2 mm to form a green compact.
  • the degree of dissociation of the electrolytic solution is improved and the electrolytic solution is used.
  • the resistance can be reduced.
  • the oxide having lithium ion conductivity of 10-7 S / cm or more at 25 ° C. is not particularly limited, but for example, the chemical formula Li 7-y La 3-x A x Zr 2-y. during M y O 12 (wherein, a is, Y, is any one metal selected Nd, Sm, from the group consisting of Gd, x is in the range of 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 3, M is, Nb Alternatively, it may be Ta, and y may be a composite metal oxide having a garnet-type structure represented by 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 2).
  • NASICON type crystal structure represented by the chemical formula Li 1 + x + y (Al, Ga) x (Ti, Ge) 2-x Si y P 3-y O 12 (where 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1).
  • Li 1 + x + y (Al, Ga) x (Ti, Ge) 2-x Si y P 3-y O 12 (where 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 1, 0 ⁇ y ⁇ 1).
  • Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 (LLZO), Li 6.75 La 3 Zr 1.75 Ta 0. .25 O 12 (LLZTO), Li 0.33 La 0.56 TiO 3 (LLTO), Li 1.3 Al 0.3 Ti 1.7 (PO 4 ) 3 (LATP), and Li 1.6 Al 0 .6 Ge 1.4 (PO 4 ) 3 (LAGP) can be mentioned.
  • the particle size of the highly dielectric oxide solid constituting the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is about 0.1 ⁇ m or more and about 10 ⁇ m or less, which is smaller than the particle size of the active material. Is preferable.
  • the particle size becomes too small, for example, when the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention are blended in at least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, they adhere to the surface of the electrode active material and hinder the electron conductivity, so that the cell resistance Will be higher. On the other hand, if the particle size is too large, it hinders the improvement of the filling rate of the active material in the electrode.
  • the resin layer is formed on the surface of the highly dielectric oxide solid in the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention.
  • the resin layer since the resin layer has a function of absorbing and retaining the electrolytic solution, it is possible to prevent a lack of the electrolytic solution on the particle surface.
  • the transport characteristics of lithium ions can be improved, the initial resistance of the lithium ion secondary battery can be reduced, and the increase in internal resistance due to repeated charging and discharging can be suppressed.
  • the resin layer preferably has pores.
  • the pores are filled with an electrolytic solution and absorbed.
  • By filling the pores with the electrolytic solution it is possible to suppress the movement of the electrolytic solution due to gravity and the extrusion of the electrolytic solution due to the expansion and contraction of the electrode due to charging and discharging, and it is possible to suppress the shortage of the electrolytic solution. As a result, it is possible to maintain the battery performance at a sufficient level and obtain stable battery performance with a long life.
  • the production method thereof is not particularly limited, but for example, a plasticizer or the like is used to form a pore structure inside the resin layer. The method can be mentioned.
  • the volume of the pores is preferably 30 vol% or more with respect to the volume of the resin layer. It is more preferably 50 vol% or more, and particularly preferably 60 vol% or more, based on the volume of the resin layer.
  • the volume of the pores is less than 30 vol with respect to the volume of the resin layer, the holding effect of the electrolytic solution is not exhibited.
  • it is 30 vol% or more, a sufficient holding amount of the electrolytic solution can be secured, so that the degree of dissociation of the electrolytic solution can be further improved.
  • the self-supporting sheet of the present invention is a sheet containing the above-mentioned electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention, and has self-supporting property by itself.
  • the size, thickness and the like are not particularly limited. Further, the self-supporting sheet may optionally contain other components in addition to the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention.
  • the positive electrode layer for the lithium ion secondary battery and / or the negative electrode layer for the lithium ion secondary battery is between the separator. , Preferably arranged.
  • the internal short-circuit toughness of the cell can be improved.
  • the self-standing sheet containing the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention has a sufficient electrolytic solution holding function, it suppresses the extrusion of the electrolytic solution due to the expansion and contraction of the electrodes due to charging and discharging, and suppresses the shortage of the electrolytic solution. Therefore, in addition to short-circuit toughness, durability can be improved.
  • the first aspect of the electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention is an electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery containing the electrode active material and the above-mentioned electrolyte solution absorbing particles of the present invention.
  • the configuration of the electrode for the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention in the first aspect is not particularly limited, but for example, the current collector, the electrode active material, the above-mentioned electrolyte solution absorbing particles of the present invention, and the like.
  • An example is a configuration in which an electrode layer made of an electrode mixture containing the above is laminated.
  • the electrode layer may optionally contain known components such as a conductive auxiliary agent and a binder.
  • the amount of heat generated can be suppressed even at a high rate by blending the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention into the electrode, and as a result, , It is possible to develop stable battery performance with a long life.
  • the resin layer existing on the surface of the electrolytic solution absorbing particles can reduce the amount of the binder used at the same time, and as a result, the decrease in the cell energy density can be suppressed.
  • the blending amount of the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention is the total amount of the electrode mixture constituting the electrode. It is preferably 0.1 part by mass or more and 5 parts by mass or less with respect to 100 parts by mass of the component. It is more preferably in the range of 0.5 parts by mass or more and 5.0 parts by mass or less, and particularly preferably in the range of 0.5 parts by mass or more and 2.0 parts by mass or less.
  • the amount of the electrolytic solution absorbing particles is less than 0.1 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of all the components of the electrode mixture constituting the electrode, the degree of dissociation of the electrolytic solution penetrating into the electrode is not good. Will be enough.
  • the amount is more than 5 parts by mass, the amount of the electrolytic solution penetrating into the electrode becomes insufficient, and the movement path of lithium ions inside the electrode is restricted.
  • the electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention in the first aspect may be a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery or a negative electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery. That is, the electrode active material contained in the electrode for the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention may be a positive electrode active material or a negative electrode active material. It is possible to obtain the effect of the present invention in any case of the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
  • the current collector that can be used in the case of the electrode of the first aspect including the electrode active material and the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention is not particularly limited.
  • a known current collector used in a lithium ion secondary battery can be used.
  • Examples of the material of the positive electrode current collector include metal materials such as SUS, Ni, Cr, Au, Pt, Al, Fe, Ti, Zn, and Cu.
  • Examples of the material of the negative electrode current collector include SUS, Ni, Cu, Ti, Al, calcined carbon, conductive polymer, conductive glass, Al—Cd alloy and the like.
  • the shape of the electrode current collector for example, a foil shape, a plate shape, a mesh shape, or the like can be mentioned.
  • the thickness thereof is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include 1 to 20 ⁇ m, which can be appropriately selected as needed.
  • the electrode active material contained in the electrode for the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can occlude and release lithium ions, and the electrode active material of the lithium ion secondary battery is not particularly limited.
  • a known substance can be applied as.
  • the positive electrode active material layer includes, for example, LiCoO 2 , LiCoO 4 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiNiO 2 , and LiFePO 4. , Lithium sulfide, sulfur and the like.
  • a material that exhibits a noble potential as compared with the negative electrode may be selected from the materials that can form the electrode.
  • the electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention is a negative electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery
  • examples of the negative electrode active material include metallic lithium, lithium alloy, metal oxide, metal sulfide, and metal nitride. , Carbon materials such as silicon oxide, silicon, and graphite.
  • a material that exhibits a low potential as compared with the positive electrode may be selected from the materials that can form the electrode.
  • the electrode layer made of an electrode mixture containing the electrode active material and the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention as essential components is formed on at least one surface of the current collector. It may be formed on both sides as long as it is formed. It can be appropriately selected depending on the type and structure of the target lithium ion secondary battery.
  • the thickness of the electrode for the lithium ion secondary battery of the first aspect of the present invention is not particularly limited, but is preferably 40 ⁇ m or more, for example.
  • the thickness is 40 ⁇ m or more and the volume filling rate of the electrode active material is 60% or more, the obtained electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery becomes a high-density electrode. Then, the volumetric energy density of the created battery cell can reach 500 Wh / L or more.
  • the electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention is the electrode of the first aspect containing the electrode active material and the above-mentioned electrolyte solution absorbing particles of the present invention
  • the production method thereof is particularly limited. is not. The usual methods in the art can be applied.
  • an electrode paste as an electrode mixture containing the electrode active material and the above-mentioned electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention as essential components on a current collector, drying the mixture, and then rolling the paste can be mentioned.
  • a known method can be applied as a method of applying the electrode paste to the current collector.
  • methods such as roller coating such as an applicator roll, screen coating, blade coating, spin coating, and bar coating can be mentioned.
  • a second aspect of the electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention is for a lithium ion secondary battery including a current collector and an electrode active material layer containing an electrode active material formed on at least one surface of the current collector. It is an electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery in which an electrolytic solution absorbing layer containing the above-mentioned electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention is formed on an electrode active material layer.
  • the electrolytic solution absorption layer formed on the electrode active material layer comes into contact with the separator when the lithium ion secondary battery is formed.
  • the electrolytic solution absorbing layer containing the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention is present at the contact interface between the electrode active material layer and the separator to form a cell. Internal short circuit toughness can be improved.
  • the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention due to the sufficient electrolytic solution holding function by the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the extrusion of the electrolytic solution due to the expansion and contraction of the electrode due to charging and discharging, and to suppress the shortage of the electrolytic solution. As a result, the smooth movement of lithium ions between the electrode active material layer and the separator can be realized, and the charge / discharge characteristics and the cycle life can be further improved.
  • the electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention in the second aspect may be a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery or a negative electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery. That is, the electrode active material constituting the electrode active material layer in the electrode for the lithium ion secondary battery may be a positive electrode active material or a negative electrode active material. It is possible to obtain the effect of the present invention in any case of the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
  • the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material that can be used for the electrode for the lithium ion secondary battery of the second aspect are the same as the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material that can be used for the electrode for the lithium ion secondary battery of the first aspect. ..
  • the electrolytic solution absorbing layer containing the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention is formed on the electrode active material layer.
  • the electrode active material layer is formed on both sides of the current collector, it should be formed at least on the surface in contact with the separator when the lithium ion secondary battery is formed.
  • the thickness of the electrolytic solution absorbing layer containing the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention is not particularly limited, but for example, a solid dielectric oxide. It is preferably in the range of 1/100 of the average particle size (D50) to the average particle size (D50).
  • the thickness of the entire electrode for the lithium ion secondary battery of the second aspect of the present invention is not particularly limited. Similar to the electrode for the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention of the first aspect, for example, the electrode may be a high-density lithium ion secondary battery electrode having a thickness of 40 ⁇ m or more and a volume filling rate of the electrode active material of 60% or more. ..
  • the electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention is the electrode of the second aspect in which the electrolytic solution absorbing layer containing the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention described above is formed on the electrode active material layer.
  • the manufacturing method is not particularly limited. The usual methods in the art can be applied.
  • an electrode paste as an electrode mixture containing an electrode active material is applied onto a current collector, dried, and then rolled to form an electrode active material layer.
  • the method of overcoating the particle dispersion paste containing the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention can be mentioned.
  • a known method can be applied as a method of overcoating the particle dispersion paste containing the electrolytic solution absorbing particles.
  • methods such as roller coating such as an applicator roll, screen coating, blade coating, spin coating, and bar coating can be mentioned.
  • the separator of the present invention is a separator for a lithium ion secondary battery having an electrolytic solution absorbing layer containing the above-mentioned electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention on at least one surface of a base material.
  • the size, thickness and the like are not particularly limited.
  • the separator of the present invention is arranged between the positive electrode layer for a lithium ion secondary battery and the negative electrode layer for a lithium ion secondary battery when forming a lithium ion secondary battery.
  • the base material of the separator is not particularly limited, and a known separator for a lithium ion secondary battery can be applied.
  • the method for producing the separator of the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, a method of overcoating a particle dispersion paste containing the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention and an arbitrary component on a substrate can be mentioned.
  • a known method can be applied as a method of overcoating the particle dispersion paste containing the electrolytic solution absorbing particles.
  • methods such as roller coating such as an applicator roll, screen coating, blade coating, spin coating, and bar coating can be mentioned.
  • the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention has a positive electrode layer for a lithium ion secondary battery including a positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode layer for a lithium ion secondary battery including a negative electrode active material layer containing a negative electrode active material.
  • a separator arranged between the positive electrode layer for the lithium ion secondary battery and the negative electrode layer for the lithium ion secondary battery, and an electrolytic solution are provided.
  • a positive electrode layer for a lithium ion secondary battery and / or a negative electrode layer for a lithium ion secondary battery is provided with an electrolytic solution absorbing layer containing the above-mentioned electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention between the separator. To do.
  • the positive electrode layer for a lithium ion secondary battery which is a component of the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention, includes a positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode active material.
  • a positive electrode active material layer As long as the positive electrode active material layer is provided, other configurations are not particularly limited, and a known negative electrode layer that can be used for a lithium ion secondary battery can be applied.
  • the electrode for the lithium ion secondary battery of the first or second aspect described above is preferable. That is, the electrode layer made of the electrode mixture containing the positive electrode active material and the above-mentioned electrolyte solution absorbing particles of the present invention is a positive electrode layer for a lithium ion secondary battery or a current collector laminated on a current collector.
  • the positive electrode layer for a lithium ion secondary battery is preferably a positive electrode layer for a lithium ion secondary battery in which an electrolytic solution absorbing layer containing the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention described above is laminated on the electrode active material layer formed above.
  • the negative electrode layer for a lithium ion secondary battery which is a component of the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention, includes a negative electrode active material layer containing a negative electrode active material.
  • a negative electrode active material layer As long as the negative electrode active material layer is provided, other configurations are not particularly limited, and a known negative electrode layer that can be used for a lithium ion secondary battery can be applied.
  • the electrode for the lithium ion secondary battery of the first or second aspect described above is preferable. That is, the electrode layer made of the electrode mixture containing the negative electrode active material and the above-mentioned electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention is a negative electrode layer for a lithium ion secondary battery or a current collector laminated on a current collector. It is preferable that the negative electrode layer for a lithium ion secondary battery is formed by laminating the electrolytic solution absorbing layer containing the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention on the electrode active material layer formed above.
  • the separator which is a component of the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a known separator that can be used for the lithium ion secondary battery can be applied.
  • the above-mentioned separator of the present invention is preferable. That is, it is a separator in which an electrolytic solution absorbing layer containing the electrolytic solution absorbing particles of the present invention is formed on at least one surface of the base material.
  • the electrolytic solution used in the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention is not particularly limited, and a known electrolytic solution can be applied as the electrolytic solution of the lithium ion secondary battery.
  • solvent As the solvent used for the electrolytic solution, a solvent that forms a general non-aqueous electrolytic solution can be used.
  • a solvent having a cyclic structure such as ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC) and a solvent having a chain structure such as dimethyl carbonate (DMC), ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) can be mentioned.
  • DMC dimethyl carbonate
  • EMC ethyl methyl carbonate
  • DEC diethyl carbonate
  • FEC fluoroethylene carbonate
  • DFEC difluoroethylene carbonate
  • a known additive can be blended in the electrolytic solution, and examples of the additive include vinylene carbonate (VC), vinylethylene carbonate (VEC), propane sultone (PS), and the like.
  • VC vinylene carbonate
  • VEC vinylethylene carbonate
  • PS propane sultone
  • the electrolytic solution may contain an ionic liquid.
  • the ionic liquid include pyrrolidinium, piperidinium, and imidazolium composed of quaternary ammonium cations.
  • a solvent having a high relative permittivity such as EC or PC in combination with a solvent such as DMC or EMC having a low viscosity.
  • a solvent having a high relative permittivity By using a solvent having a high relative permittivity, the degree of dissociation of the lithium salt is improved, and the lithium salt can be used at a high concentration. Further, since the viscosity becomes high and the ionic conductivity becomes low only with a solvent having a high relative permittivity, it is necessary to appropriately mix a solvent having a low viscosity to adjust the viscosity.
  • the amount of a solvent having a high relative permittivity such as EC or PC is 20% by volume or more and 40% by volume or less. More preferably, it is 25% by volume or more and 35% by volume or less.
  • the lithium salt contained in the electrolytic solution used in the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention is not particularly limited.
  • LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiClO 4 , LiN (SO 2 CF 3 ), LiN (SO 2 C 2 F 5 ) 2 , LiCF 3 SO 3 and the like can be mentioned.
  • LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , or a mixture thereof is preferable because of its high ionic conductivity and high dissociation.
  • the method for producing the lithium ion secondary battery of the present invention is not particularly limited, and ordinary methods in the present technical field can be applied.
  • PVDF-HFP was used as a material for forming the resin layer.
  • PVDF-HFP was dissolved in acetone, and then ethylene carbonate (EC) as a plasticizer and LATP (powder relative permittivity: 30) as a lithium ion conductive oxide were mixed and dispersed to obtain a dispersion. ..
  • EC ethylene carbonate
  • LATP low density polyethylene
  • stirring was continued using a stirrer until acetone, which was the solvent of the dispersion liquid, volatilized to obtain a powder.
  • the obtained powder was impregnated with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) to remove EC as a plasticizer to form pores in the resin layer to obtain electrolytic solution absorbing particles.
  • DMC dimethyl carbonate
  • Table 1 shows the compositions of the obtained electrolytic solution absorbing particles 1 to 4 and the porosity of the resin layer.
  • Electrolytic solution absorption particles 5 Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) was used as a material for forming the resin layer. PVC was dissolved in tetrahydrofuran (THF), and then EC was mixed as a plasticizer and LLZO (powder relative permittivity: 48.7) was mixed and dispersed as a lithium ion conductive oxide to obtain a dispersion liquid. Subsequently, stirring was continued using a stirrer until THF, which was the solvent of the dispersion liquid, volatilized, and a powder was obtained. The obtained powder was impregnated into DMC to remove EC as a plasticizer to form pores in the resin layer to obtain electrolytic solution absorbing particles.
  • THF tetrahydrofuran
  • Table 1 shows the composition of the obtained electrolytic solution absorbing particles 5 and the porosity of the resin layer.
  • PVDF-HFP was used as a material for forming the resin layer.
  • PVDF-HFP was dissolved in acetone, and then EC was mixed as a plasticizer and BTO (powder relative permittivity: 67) was mixed and dispersed as a dielectric oxide to obtain a dispersion liquid. Subsequently, stirring was continued using a stirrer until acetone, which was the solvent of the dispersion liquid, volatilized to obtain a powder.
  • the obtained powder was impregnated into DMC to remove EC as a plasticizer to form pores in the resin layer to obtain electrolytic solution absorbing particles.
  • Table 1 shows the composition of the obtained electrolytic solution absorbing particles 6 and the porosity of the resin layer.
  • PVDF-HFP was used as a material for forming the resin layer.
  • PVDF-HFP was dissolved in acetone, and then EC was mixed as a plasticizer and Al 2 O 3 (powder relative permittivity: 8.7) was mixed and dispersed as an oxide to obtain a dispersion liquid. Subsequently, stirring was continued using a stirrer until acetone, which was the solvent of the dispersion liquid, volatilized to obtain a powder.
  • the obtained powder was impregnated into DMC to remove EC as a plasticizer to form pores in the resin layer to obtain electrolytic solution absorbing particles.
  • Table 1 shows the composition of the obtained electrolytic solution absorbing particles 7 and the porosity of the resin layer.
  • the obtained positive electrode paste was applied to one side of an Al current collector having a thickness of 12 ⁇ m, dried at 120 ° C. for 10 minutes, pressed with a roll press at a linear pressure of 1 t / cm, and further in a vacuum at 120 ° C. By drying, a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery was produced. The prepared positive electrode was punched to a size of 30 mm ⁇ 40 mm and used.
  • the obtained negative electrode paste is applied onto a current collector made of 8 ⁇ m Cu, dried at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes, pressurized with a roll press at a linear pressure of 1 t / cm, and further dried in a vacuum at 100 ° C. Then, a negative electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery was manufactured. The prepared negative electrode was punched to 34 mm ⁇ 44 mm.
  • the obtained positive electrode paste was applied to one side of an Al current collector having a thickness of 12 ⁇ m, dried at 120 ° C. for 10 minutes, pressed with a roll press at a linear pressure of 1 t / cm, and further in a vacuum at 120 ° C. By drying, a positive electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery was produced. The prepared positive electrode was punched to a size of 30 mm ⁇ 40 mm and used.
  • Lithium ions were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the positive electrode or negative electrode having the electrolytic solution absorbing layer and the positive electrode or negative electrode having no electrolytic solution absorbing layer obtained above were used in the combinations shown in Table 4. A secondary battery was manufactured.
  • the lithium ion secondary battery is left at the measurement temperature (25 ° C.) for 1 hour, then charged at 0.2 C, adjusted to a charge level (SOC (State of Charge)) of 50%, and adjusted for 10 minutes. I left it.
  • the C rate was set to 0.5 C, pulse discharge was performed for 10 seconds, and the voltage at the time of discharge for 10 seconds was measured.
  • the horizontal axis is the current value and the vertical axis is the voltage, and the voltage at the time of discharging for 10 seconds with respect to the current value at 0.5 C is plotted.
  • supplementary charging was performed to restore the SOC to 50%, and then the SOC was left for another 10 minutes.
  • one cycle is an operation in which a constant current charge is performed up to 4.2 V at a charge rate of 1 C in a constant temperature bath at 45 ° C., and then a constant current discharge is performed up to 2.5 V at a discharge rate of 2 C.
  • the above operation was repeated for 1000 cycles. After 1000 cycles, leave the constant temperature bath at 25 ° C for 24 hours, then perform constant current charging at 0.2C to 4.2V, and then continue constant voltage charging at 4.2V for 1 hour. After leaving it for 30 minutes, a constant current discharge was performed at a discharge rate of 0.2 C to 2.5 V, and the discharge capacity after durability was measured. The results are shown in Tables 2 to 4.
  • Cell resistance increase rate The ratio of the cell resistance after durability to the initial cell resistance measured above was calculated and used as the cell resistance increase rate. The results are shown in Tables 2 to 4.

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PCT/JP2019/022160 2019-06-04 2019-06-04 電解液吸収粒子、自立シート、リチウムイオン二次電池用電極、セパレータ、およびリチウムイオン二次電池 Ceased WO2020245911A1 (ja)

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US17/616,183 US20220328934A1 (en) 2019-06-04 2019-06-04 Electrolytic solution absorbing particles, self-supporting sheet, lithium-ion secondary battery electrode, separator, and lithium-ion secondary battery
JP2021524540A JP7284260B2 (ja) 2019-06-04 2019-06-04 電解液吸収粒子、自立シート、リチウムイオン二次電池用電極、セパレータ、およびリチウムイオン二次電池
PCT/JP2019/022160 WO2020245911A1 (ja) 2019-06-04 2019-06-04 電解液吸収粒子、自立シート、リチウムイオン二次電池用電極、セパレータ、およびリチウムイオン二次電池
CN201980097158.6A CN113906594A (zh) 2019-06-04 2019-06-04 电解液吸收颗粒、自立片、锂离子二次电池用电极、隔膜及锂离子二次电池

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