WO2020241709A1 - 紙用耐油剤 - Google Patents
紙用耐油剤 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020241709A1 WO2020241709A1 PCT/JP2020/020972 JP2020020972W WO2020241709A1 WO 2020241709 A1 WO2020241709 A1 WO 2020241709A1 JP 2020020972 W JP2020020972 W JP 2020020972W WO 2020241709 A1 WO2020241709 A1 WO 2020241709A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- oil
- group
- paper
- resistant agent
- weight
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/21—Macromolecular organic compounds of natural origin; Derivatives thereof
- D21H17/24—Polysaccharides
- D21H17/28—Starch
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/37—Polymers of unsaturated acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. polyacrylates
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/41—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups
- D21H17/42—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups anionic
- D21H17/43—Carboxyl groups or derivatives thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
- D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D21H17/41—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups
- D21H17/44—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing ionic groups cationic
- D21H17/45—Nitrogen-containing groups
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
- D21H17/67—Water-insoluble compounds, e.g. fillers, pigments
- D21H17/675—Oxides, hydroxides or carbonates
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
- D21H17/71—Mixtures of material ; Pulp or paper comprising several different materials not incorporated by special processes
- D21H17/74—Mixtures of material ; Pulp or paper comprising several different materials not incorporated by special processes of organic and inorganic material
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
- D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
- D21H21/16—Sizing or water-repelling agents
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
- D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
- D21H23/22—Addition to the formed paper
- D21H23/24—Addition to the formed paper during paper manufacture
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
- D21H27/10—Packing paper
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21J—FIBREBOARD; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM CELLULOSIC FIBROUS SUSPENSIONS OR FROM PAPIER-MACHE
- D21J3/00—Manufacture of articles by pressing wet fibre pulp, or papier-mâché, between moulds
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
- D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
- D21H23/04—Addition to the pulp; After-treatment of added substances in the pulp
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to an oil resistant agent for paper and paper treated with the oil resistant agent for paper.
- Paper may be required to be oil resistant.
- food packaging materials and food containers made of paper are required to prevent the moisture and oil content of food from seeping out. Therefore, the oil resistant agent is applied to the paper internally or externally.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2015-129365 describes at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of ethylene-based thermoplastic polymers, propylene-based thermoplastic polymers, and mixtures thereof, and at least one polymer-stable polymer.
- a method for forming a cellulose article is disclosed, which comprises adding a formulation containing an aqueous dispersion containing an agent and water to a cellulose fiber.
- Patent Document 2 International Application Publication No.
- Patent Document 3 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-148307 describes a) a step of forming a composite multilayer easily flowable curtain including at least two layers imparting barrier functionality, and b) using the curtain as a continuous web support.
- a method for manufacturing a coated support which comprises a step of contacting the coated support to obtain a coated support.
- the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an oil resistant agent capable of imparting excellent oil resistance to paper.
- the present disclosure relates to an oil resistant agent comprising (1) a non-fluorinated polymer and (2) particles selected from inorganic and / or organic particles.
- an oil resistant agent may be added externally or internally, but it is preferable to add an oil resistant agent internally.
- Preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are as follows. [1] (1) non-fluorine polymer, and (2) at least one particle selected from inorganic or organic particles, An oil-resistant agent for paper that is added to the inside of paper and contains An oil resistant agent for paper in which the amount of the particles (2) is 1 to 99.9% by weight based on the total weight of the non-fluorinated polymer (1) and the particles (2).
- the non-fluorine polymer is a non-fluorine polymer having a repeating unit formed from an acrylic monomer (a) having a long-chain hydrocarbon group.
- X 1 is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic group or a halogen atom
- X 4 is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic group or a halogen atom
- Y 2 is -O- or -NH-.
- R 3 is a hydrocarbon group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms independently.
- X 5 is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic group or a halogen atom
- Y 3 is -O- or -NH-
- Z is a directly bonded, divalent or trivalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- n is 1 or 2.
- the oil-resistant agent for paper according to any one of [3] to [5], which is an acrylic monomer represented by.
- the non-fluorinated polymer is formed from a monomer (c) having an olefinic carbon-carbon double bond and an anionic or cationic donor group other than the monomers (a) and (b).
- the amount of the repeating unit formed from the acrylic monomer (a) having a long-chain hydrocarbon group is 30 to 90% by weight based on the copolymer, and the acrylic monomer (b) having a hydrophilic group.
- the oil-resistant agent for paper according to any one of [3] to [9], wherein the amount of the repeating unit formed from the copolymer is 5 to 70% by weight based on the copolymer.
- the oil-resistant paper according to [16] which is a pulp mold product.
- the oil-resistant agent according to any one of [1] to [15] is added to a slurry in which pulp is dispersed in an aqueous medium to prepare a prepared pulp slurry, an oil-resistant paper intermediate is made, dehydrated, and then.
- a method for producing oil-resistant paper which comprises drying to obtain oil-resistant paper.
- the non-fluorine polymer is well dispersed in an aqueous medium, particularly water.
- the oil resistant agent imparts high oil resistance to the paper.
- the oil resistant agent can impart high water resistance and high gas barrier property.
- the oil resistant agent contains (1) a non-fluorine polymer and (2) particles.
- the oil resistant agent may be one-component, two-component or three-component.
- One liquid is a liquid containing a non-fluorine polymer (1) and particles (2).
- the two liquids are a combination of a liquid containing the non-fluorinated polymer (1) and a liquid containing the particles (2) (or only the particles (2)).
- a liquid containing an additive for paper is additionally used.
- the liquid containing the particles (2) may be a solid (eg, particles only).
- Non-fluorine polymer may be an acrylic polymer, a polyester polymer, a polyether polymer, a silicone polymer, a urethane polymer, or the like. Polymers with ester, amide and / or urethane bonds are preferred. Acrylic polymers (that is, non-fluorinated acrylic polymers) are particularly preferable. The acrylic polymer preferably has an ester bond and / or an amide bond.
- the non-fluorine polymer may be a homopolymer or a copolymer.
- the non-fluorine polymer is preferably a copolymer.
- the homopolymer has only repeating units formed from one type of monomer.
- the homopolymer is preferably formed only from an acrylic monomer having a long-chain hydrocarbon group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms.
- the copolymer has a repeating unit formed from two or more types of monomers.
- Non-fluorine polymer It may have (a) a repeating unit formed of an acrylic monomer having a long-chain hydrocarbon group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms, and (b) a repeating unit formed of an acrylic monomer having a hydrophilic group. preferable. Furthermore, the non-fluorinated polymer is added to the monomers (a) and (b), (C) It is preferable to have a repeating unit formed of a monomer having an ion donating group. The non-fluorinated polymer is added to the monomers (a), (b) and (c), (D) It may have a repeating unit formed from other monomers.
- (A) acrylic monomer having an acrylic monomer long chain hydrocarbon group having a long chain hydrocarbon group (a) has a long-chain hydrocarbon group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms.
- the long-chain hydrocarbon group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms is preferably a linear or branched hydrocarbon group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms.
- the number of carbon atoms of the long-chain hydrocarbon group is preferably 10 to 40, for example, 12 to 30, particularly 15 to 30.
- the long-chain hydrocarbon group may have 18 to 40 carbon atoms.
- R 1 is a hydrocarbon group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms independently.
- X 1 is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic group or a halogen atom
- k is 1 to 3.
- It is preferably a monomer represented by.
- X 1 may be a halogen excluding a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a fluorine atom, a substituted or unsubstituted benzyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group.
- Examples of X 1 are hydrogen atom, methyl group, chlorine atom, bromine atom, iodine atom and cyano group.
- X 1 is preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a chlorine atom. It is particularly preferable that X 1 is a hydrogen atom.
- R 1 is preferably a linear or branched hydrocarbon group.
- the hydrocarbon group may be, in particular, a linear hydrocarbon group.
- the hydrocarbon group is preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, particularly a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, particularly an alkyl group.
- the hydrocarbon group preferably has 12 to 30, for example 16 to 26 or 15 to 26, particularly 18 to 22 or 17 to 22.
- X 4 is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic group or a halogen atom, Y 2 is -O- or -NH-.
- X 5 is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic group or a halogen atom
- Y 3 is -O- or -NH-
- Z is a divalent or trivalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- n is 1 or 2.
- It is an acrylic monomer represented by.
- (A1) Acrylic monomer
- X 4 is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic group or a halogen atom, Y 2 is -O- or -NH-. ] It is a compound indicated by.
- the acrylic monomer (a1) is a long-chain acrylate ester monomer in which Y 2 is -O-, or a long-chain acrylamide monomer in which Y 2 is -NH-.
- R 2 is preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, particularly a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, particularly an alkyl group. In R 2, the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group is preferably 12 to 30, for example 16-26, in particular 18-22.
- X 4 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, a halogen other than fluorine atom, a substituted or unsubstituted benzyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group. It is preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a chlorine atom.
- Preferred specific examples of the long-chain acrylate ester monomer are lauryl (meth) acrylate, stearyl (meth) acrylate, icosyl (meth) acrylate, behenyl (meth) acrylate, stearyl ⁇ -chloroacrylate, icosyl ⁇ -chloroacrylate, and behenyl ⁇ -chloro. It is an acrylate.
- Preferred specific examples of the long-chain acrylamide monomer are stearyl (meth) acrylamide, icosyl (meth) acrylamide, and behenyl (meth) acrylamide.
- the acrylic monomer (a2) is a monomer different from the acrylic monomer (a1).
- X 5 is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent organic group or a halogen atom
- Y 3 is -O- or -NH-
- Z is a direct-bonded or divalent or trivalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- n is 1 or 2.
- R 3 is preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, particularly a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group, particularly an alkyl group.
- the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group is preferably 12 to 30, for example 16-26 or 15-26, in particular 18-22 or 17-22.
- X 5 may be a halogen excluding a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a fluorine atom, a substituted or unsubstituted benzyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group. It is preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a chlorine atom.
- R' is- (CH 2 ) m- (m is an integer of 1 to 5), a linear hydrocarbon group having an unsaturated bond with 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and a branched structure with 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- hydrocarbon group having or, - (CH 2) l -C 6 H 4 - (CH 2) l - (l are each independently an integer of 0 to 5 -C 6 H 4 - is a phenylene group) Is. ] It may be.
- Z is a directly bonded or divalent or trivalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and may have a linear structure or a branched structure.
- the carbon number of Z is preferably 2 to 4, particularly 2.
- Z is not a direct bond, Y 4 and Z are not direct bonds at the same time.
- the acrylic monomer (a2) can be produced by reacting hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylate or hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylamide with a long-chain alkyl isocyanate.
- the long-chain alkyl isocyanate include lauryl isocyanate, myristyl isocyanate, cetyl isocyanate, stearyl isocyanate, oleyl isocyanate, and behenyl isocyanate.
- the acrylic monomer (a2) can also be produced by reacting a (meth) acrylate having an isocyanate group in the side chain, for example, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl methacrylate with a long-chain alkylamine or a long-chain alkylalcohol.
- a long-chain alkylamine include laurylamine, myristylamine, cetylamine, stearylamine, oleylamine, and behenylamine.
- long-chain alkyl alcohols include lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, and behenyl alcohol.
- Preferred examples of the long-chain hydrocarbon group-containing acrylic monomer are as follows. Stearyl (meth) acrylate, behenyl (meth) acrylate, stearyl ⁇ -chloroacrylate, behenyl ⁇ -chloroacrylate; Stearyl (meth) acrylamide, behenyl (meth) acrylamide;
- n is a number of 7 to 40 and m is a number of 1 to 5.
- the compound having the above chemical formula is an acrylic compound in which the ⁇ -position is a hydrogen atom, and specific examples may be a metalcle compound in which the ⁇ -position is a methyl group and an ⁇ -chloroacrylic compound in which the ⁇ -position is a chlorine atom.
- the melting point of the acrylic monomer (a) having a long-chain hydrocarbon group is preferably 10 ° C. or higher, more preferably 25 ° C. or higher.
- the acrylic monomer having a long-chain hydrocarbon group (a), X 1, X 4 and X 5 are hydrogen atom, is preferably an acrylate.
- Reference numeral 14 denotes a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
- R 11 may have various organic groups in addition to the ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable group, and examples thereof include organic groups such as chain hydrocarbons, cyclic hydrocarbons, polyoxyalkylene groups and polysiloxane groups. These organic groups may be substituted with various substituents.
- R 12 is a hydrocarbon group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group, and examples thereof include a chain hydrocarbon group and a cyclic hydrocarbon group. Among them, a chain hydrocarbon group is preferable, and a linear saturated hydrocarbon group is particularly preferable.
- the carbon number of R 12 is 7 to 40, preferably 11 to 27, and particularly preferably 15 to 23.
- R 13 is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group.
- the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms may be linear or branched chain, and may have an unsaturated bond, but linear is preferable.
- the carbon number of R 13 is preferably 2 to 4, and particularly preferably 2.
- R 13 is preferably an alkylene group.
- Amide group-containing monomers are those wherein R 12 is one kind (e.g., a compound wherein R 12 is 17 carbons only), or those wherein R 12 is a plurality of combinations (e.g., number of carbon atoms in R 12 is It may be a mixture of a compound having 17 carbon atoms and a compound having R 12 having 15 carbon atoms).
- an amide group-containing monomer is carboxylic acid amide alkyl (meth) acrylate.
- Specific examples of the amide group-containing monomer include amide ethyl palmitate (meth) acrylate, amide ethyl stearate (meth) acrylate, amide ethyl behenate (meth) acrylate, amide ethyl myristate (meth) acrylate, and amide ethyl laurate (meth).
- the amide group-containing monomer is preferably amide ethyl stearate (meth) acrylate.
- the amide group-containing monomer may be a mixture containing amide ethyl stearate (meth) acrylate.
- the amount of amide ethyl stearate (meth) acrylate is, for example, 55 to 99% by weight, preferably 60 to 85% by weight, based on the total weight of the amide group-containing monomer. More preferably, it may be 65 to 80% by weight, and the remaining monomer may be, for example, amide ethyl palmitate (meth) acrylate.
- the acrylic monomer (b) having a hydrophilic group is a monomer other than the monomer (a) and is a hydrophilic monomer.
- the hydrophilic group is preferably an oxyalkylene group (the alkylene group has 2 to 6 carbon atoms).
- the acrylic monomer (b) having a hydrophilic group is preferably polyalkylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate and / or polyalkylene glycol di (meth) acrylate or polyalkylene glycol mono (meth) acrylamide.
- X 3 is an independent hydrogen atom or an unsaturated or saturated hydrocarbon group R having 1 to 22 carbon atoms, and each independently has an alkylene group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.
- n is an integer from 1 to 90. ] It is preferable that it is indicated by. n may be, for example, 1 to 50, particularly 1 to 30, specifically 1 to 15 or 2 to 15. Alternatively, n may be 1, for example.
- R may be a linear or branched alkylene group, eg, formula-(CH 2 ) x- or- (CH 2 ) x1- (CH (CH 3 )) x2- [in formula, x1 and x2 are It is 0 to 6, for example 2 to 5, and the sum of x1 and x2 is 1 to 6.
- ⁇ (CH 2 ) x1 ⁇ and ⁇ (CH (CH 3 )) x2 ⁇ is not limited to the described formula, and may be random. ] It may be a group indicated by.
- R may be of 2 or more types (for example, 2 to 4 types, particularly 2 types), and ⁇ (RO) n ⁇ is, for example, ⁇ (R 1 O) n 1 ⁇ and ⁇ . (R 2 O) n2- [In the formula, R 1 and R 2 are different from each other and are alkylene groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, n1 and n2 are numbers of 1 or more, and n1 and n2. The total is 2-90. ] May be a combination.
- R in the general formulas (b1), (b2) and (b3) is particularly preferably an ethylene group, a propylene group or a butylene group.
- R in the general formulas (b1), (b2) and (b3) may be a combination of two or more types of alkylene groups. In that case, at least one of R is preferably an ethylene group, a propylene group or a butylene group.
- Examples of the R combination include an ethylene group / propylene group combination, an ethylene group / butylene group combination, and a propylene group / butylene group combination.
- the monomer (b) may be a mixture of two or more types.
- the monomers (b) is an ethylene group, a propylene group or a butylene group in R in the general formula (b1) or (b2) and (b3).
- the polyalkylene glycol di (meth) acrylate represented by the general formula (b2) it is not preferable to use it alone as the monomer (b), and it may be used in combination with the monomer (b1). preferable. Even in that case, it is preferable that the compound represented by the general formula (b2) is kept in an amount of less than 30% by weight in the monomer (b) used.
- acrylic monomer (b) having a hydrophilic group examples include, but are not limited to, the following.
- CH 2 CHCOO-CH 2 CH 2 OH
- CH 2 CHCOO-CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH
- CH 2 CHCOO-CH 2 CH (CH 3 )
- OH CH 2 CHCOO-CH (CH 3 ) CH 2 OH
- CH 2 CHCOO-CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH (CH 3 )
- C 4 H 9 CH 2 CHCOO-(CH 2 CH 2 O) 23 -OOC (CH 3 )
- X 2 is a hydrogen atom, is preferably an acrylate or acrylamide.
- hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxybutyl acrylate, or hydroxyethyl acrylamide is preferable.
- the monomer (c) having an ion donor group is a monomer other than the monomer (a) and the monomer (b).
- the monomer (c) is preferably a monomer having an olefinic carbon-carbon double bond and an ion donating group.
- Ion donors are anion donors and / or cation donors.
- Examples of the monomer having an anion donating group include a monomer having a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group or a phosphoric acid group.
- Specific examples of monomers having an anion donating group include (meth) acrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid, (meth) allyl sulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid, and phosphorus.
- anion donating group salt examples include alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, and ammonium salts such as methyl ammonium salt, ethanol ammonium salt, and triethanolammonium salt.
- an example of the cation donor group is an amino group, preferably a tertiary amino group and a quaternary amino group.
- the two groups bonded to the nitrogen atom are the same or different, an aliphatic group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms (particularly an alkyl group) and an aromatic group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms (aryl group).
- it is preferably an aromatic aliphatic group having 7 to 25 carbon atoms (particularly an aralkyl group, for example, a benzyl group (C 6 H 5- CH 2- )).
- the three groups bonded to the nitrogen atom are the same or different, an aliphatic group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms (particularly an alkyl group) and an aromatic group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms (aryl group). Alternatively, it is preferably an aromatic aliphatic group having 7 to 25 carbon atoms (particularly an aralkyl group, for example, a benzyl group (C 6 H 5- CH 2- )).
- the remaining one group attached to the nitrogen atom may have a carbon-carbon double bond.
- the cation donor group may be in the form of a salt.
- the cation donor group which is a salt, is a salt with an acid (organic acid or inorganic acid).
- Organic acids such as carboxylic acids having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (particularly monocarboxylic acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and stearic acid) are preferred.
- Dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylates and diethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylates and salts thereof are preferred.
- CH 2 CHCOO-CH 2 CH 2 -N (CH 3 ) 2 and its salts (eg acetate)
- CH 2 CHCOO-CH 2 CH 2 -N (CH 2 CH 3 ) 2 and its salts (eg acetate)
- CH 2 C (CH 3 ) COO-CH 2 CH 2 -N (CH 3 ) 2 and its salts (eg acetate)
- CH 2 C (CH 3 ) COO-CH 2 CH 2 -N (CH 2 CH 3 ) 2 and its salts (eg acetate)
- CH 2 CHC (O) N (H) -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 -N (CH 3 ) 2 and its salts (eg acetate)
- CH 2 CHCOO-CH 2 CH 2 -N (-CH 3 ) (-CH 2 -C 6 H 5 ) and its salts (eg acetate)
- CH 2 C (CH 3 ) COO-CH 2 CH 2
- the monomer (c) having an ion donating group methacrylic acid, acrylic acid and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate are preferable, and methacrylic acid and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate are more preferable.
- the other monomer (d) is a monomer other than the monomers (a), (b) and (c).
- Such other monomers include ethylene, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, vinyl fluoride, vinyl halide stin, ⁇ -methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, polyoxyalkylene mono (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylamide.
- the amount of the repeating unit formed from the monomer (a) is 30 to 95% by weight, preferably 40 to 88% by weight, more preferably 50 to 50% by weight, based on the non-fluorinated polymer (particularly the acrylic polymer). It may be 85% by weight.
- the amount of the repeating unit formed from the monomer (b) may be 5 to 70% by weight, preferably 8 to 50% by weight, more preferably 10 to 40% by weight, based on the non-fluorinated polymer. ..
- the amount of the repeating unit formed from the monomer (c) is 0.1 to 30% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 20% by weight, more preferably 1 to 15% by weight, based on the non-fluorinated polymer. It may be.
- the amount of the repeating unit formed from the monomer (d) may be 0 to 20% by weight, for example 1 to 15% by weight, particularly 2 to 10% by weight, based on the non-fluorinated polymer.
- the weight average molecular weight of the non-fluorinated polymer may be 1000 to 10,000,000, preferably 5000 to 8000000, and more preferably 10000 to 4000000.
- the weight average molecular weight is a value obtained in terms of polystyrene by gel permeation chromatography.
- (meth) acrylic means acrylic or methacrylic.
- (meth) acrylate means acrylate or methacrylate.
- the non-fluorine polymer (particularly the acrylic polymer) is preferably a random copolymer rather than a block copolymer.
- the polymerization of the non-fluoropolymer is not particularly limited, and various polymerization methods such as bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, emulsion polymerization, and radiation polymerization can be selected.
- solution polymerization using an organic solvent or emulsion polymerization using water or an organic solvent in combination with water is generally selected.
- After polymerization it is diluted with water and emulsified in water to prepare a treatment solution.
- it is preferable that after polymerization for example, solution polymerization or emulsion polymerization, preferably solution polymerization
- water is added and then the solvent is removed to disperse the polymer in water.
- a self-dispersing product can be produced without the need to add an emulsifier.
- organic solvents examples include ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, esters such as ethyl acetate and methyl acetate, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dipropylene glycol and tripropylene glycol.
- Glycols such as low molecular weight polyethylene glycol, alcohols such as ethyl alcohol and isopropanol, and the like.
- polymerization initiator for example, a peroxide, an azo compound or a persulfate-based compound can be used.
- Polymerization initiators are generally water-soluble and / or oil-soluble. Specific examples of the oil-soluble polymerization initiator include 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionitrile), 2,2'-azobis (2-methylbutyronitrile), and 2,2'-azobis (2, 4-Dimethylvaleronitrile), 2,2'-azobis (2,4-dimethyl4-methoxyvaleronitrile), 1,1'-azobis (cyclohexane-1-carbonitrile), dimethyl 2,2'-azobis (2) -Methylpropionate), 2,2'-azobis (2-isobutyronitrile), benzoylperoxide, di-tertiary-butylperoxide, laurylperoxide, cumenehydroperoxide, t-butylperoxy Pivalate, diisopropylperoxydicarbonate
- water-soluble polymerization initiator examples include 2,2'-azobisisobutyramidine dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamidin) hydrochloride, and 2,2'-azobis [ 2- (2-Imidazolin-2-yl) propane] hydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis [2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane] sulfate hydrate, 2,2'-azobis [2- (5-Methyl-2-imidazolin-2-yl) Propane] Hydrochloride, potassium persulfate, barium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide and the like are preferable.
- the polymerization initiator is used in the range of 0.01 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer.
- a chain transfer agent for example, a mercapto group-containing compound may be used for the purpose of adjusting the molecular weight, and specific examples thereof include 2-mercaptoethanol, thiopropionic acid, and alkyl mercaptan.
- the mercapto group-containing compound is used in the range of 10 parts by weight or less and 0.01 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer.
- the non-fluorine polymer can be produced as follows.
- solution polymerization a method is adopted in which the monomer is dissolved in an organic solvent, substituted with nitrogen, a polymerization initiator is added, and the mixture is heated and stirred in the range of 40 to 120 ° C. for 1 to 10 hours, for example.
- the polymerization initiator may generally be an oil-soluble polymerization initiator.
- the organic solvent is inert to the monomer and dissolves them.
- Ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone, esters such as ethyl acetate and methyl acetate, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether and N-methyl.
- -Glycols such as 2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, low molecular weight polyethylene glycol, alcohols such as ethyl alcohol and isopropanol, n-heptane, n-hexane, n-octane, cyclohexane, methyl Cyclohexane, cyclopentane, methylcyclopentane, methylpentane, 2-ethylpentane, isoparaffinic hydrocarbons, liquid paraffins, decane, undecane, dodecane, mineral spirit, mineral tarpen, naphtha and other hydrocarbon solvents.
- Preferred examples of the solvent include, for example, acetone, chloroform, HCHC225, isopropyl alcohol, pentane, hexane, heptane, octane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, xylene, petroleum ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, Ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, tetrachlorodifluoroethane, trichlorotrifluoroethane, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) , Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether (DPM) and the like.
- the organic solvent is used in the range of 50 to
- emulsion polymerization a method is adopted in which a monomer is emulsified in water in the presence of an emulsifier, etc., substituted with nitrogen, a polymerization initiator is added, and the mixture is stirred and polymerized in the range of 40 to 80 ° C. for 1 to 10 hours. Will be done.
- the polymerization initiator is a water-soluble polymerization initiator, for example, 2,2'-azobisisobutyamidine dihydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamidin) hydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis [ 2- (2-Imidazolin-2-yl) propane] hydrochloride, 2,2'-azobis [2- (2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane] sulfate hydrate, 2,2'-azobis [2- (5-Methyl-2-imidazolin-2-yl) propane] Hydrochloride, potassium persulfate, barium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide, and oil-soluble polymerization initiators, such as 2,2'-azobis (2).
- 2,2'-azobis isobutyamidine dihydrochloride
- 2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamidin) hydrochloride 2,2'-azobis [ 2- (2-Imidazolin-2-y
- a monomer is atomized in water using an emulsifying device such as a high-pressure homogenizer or an ultrasonic homogenizer that can apply strong crushing energy, and is oil-soluble. It is desirable to polymerize using a polymerization initiator.
- an emulsifier various anionic, cationic or nonionic emulsifiers can be used, and they are used in the range of 0.5 to 20 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the monomer. It is preferred to use anionic and / or nonionic and / or cationic emulsifiers.
- compatibilizer that is sufficiently compatible with these monomers, for example, a water-soluble organic solvent or a low molecular weight monomer. It is possible to improve emulsifying property and copolymerizability by adding a compatibilizer.
- Water-soluble organic solvents include acetone, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether (DPM), dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, ethanol, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), 3-methoxy-3-methyl-.
- Examples thereof include 1-butanol or isopylene glycol, which may be used in the range of 1 to 50 parts by weight, for example, 10 to 40 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of water.
- the composition by adding NMP or DPM or 3-methoxy-3-methyl-1-butanol or isoprene glycol (preferably in an amount of 1 to 20% by weight, particularly 3 to 10% by weight) based on the composition. The stability of (particularly emulsion) is improved.
- low molecular weight monomer examples include methyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate and the like, and 1 to 50 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the monomer. For example, it may be used in the range of 10 to 40 parts by weight.
- the amount of the non-fluorinated polymer (1) is 0.1 to 99% by weight with respect to the total weight of the non-fluorinated polymer (1) and the particles (2).
- the lower limit of the amount of the non-fluorinated polymer (1) may be 1% by weight, for example 5% by weight, particularly 10% by weight, particularly 20% by weight or 30% by weight.
- the upper limit of the amount of the non-fluorinated polymer (1) may be 90% by weight, for example 70% by weight, particularly 60% by weight, particularly 50% by weight or 40% by weight.
- Particles Particles (2) include at least one of inorganic particles and organic particles.
- the particles (2) preferably contain organic particles. It is more preferable that the particle (2) contains both inorganic particles and organic particles.
- Inorganic particles are particles made of inorganic substances. Examples of inorganic substances that make up the inorganic particles are calcium carbonate, talc, kaolin (and calcined kaolin), clay (and calcined clay), mica, aluminum hydroxide, barium sulphate, calcium silicate, calcium sulphate, silica, zinc oxide. , Zinc oxide, titanium oxide, bentonite, white carbon. Calcium carbonate, silica and calcined clay are preferred. Calcium carbonate is particularly preferable.
- Organic particles are particles made of organic matter.
- organic substances constituting organic particles include polysaccharides and thermoplastic resins (for example, polyvinyl alcohol, polyolefin, polystyrene).
- Organic particles eg, polysaccharide particles, thermoplastic resin particles
- may be modified eg, cationic or anionic.
- Polysaccharides are preferred.
- Polysaccharides are biopolymers synthesized in biological systems by polycondensation of various monosaccharides, and include chemically modified (modified) ones.
- polysaccharides include starch, cellulose, modified cellulose, amylose, amylopectin, pullulan, curdlan, zantane, chitin and chitosan.
- modified cellulose include hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose.
- the polysaccharide is preferably starch.
- Starch particles have excellent dispersibility in pulp slurries.
- starch include rice flour starch, wheat starch, corn starch, potato starch, tapioca starch, sweet potato starch, red bean starch, green bean starch, waste starch, and kataguri starch.
- the starch may be unmodified starch.
- the starch may be modified by enzyme modification, thermochemical modification, acetic acid esterification modification, phosphate esterification modification, carboxy etherification modification, hydroxy etherification modification, cationization modification or the like.
- the starch is preferably an amphoteric starch (starch having a cation group and an anion group) or a cationized starch (starch having a cation group) because it provides high air permeability and high oil resistance.
- a combination of amphoteric starch and cationized starch (preferably a weight ratio of 0.1: 9.9 to 4: 6 or 0.5: 9.5 to 2: 8) is preferred because it also increases water resistance.
- the cation group is a cation group similar to the cation group in the monomer (c) having an ion donor group, for example, an amino group.
- the anionic group (particularly, the anionic group in amphoteric starch) may be an anionic group similar to the anionic group in the monomer (c) having an ion donor group, for example, a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group and a phosphoric acid group. It may be there.
- the shape of the particle (2) may be powdery, granular, fibrous, scaly or the like.
- the particles are preferably insoluble in water at 40 ° C.
- Insoluble in water means that the solubility in 100 g of water at 40 ° C. is 1 g or less, for example, 0.5 g or less.
- the average particle size of the particles may be 0.01 to 100 ⁇ m, for example 0.1 to 50 ⁇ m, particularly 1.0 to 20 ⁇ m.
- the average particle size can be measured by a particle size distribution measuring device (applying light scattering theory) by laser diffraction using an aqueous dispersion of particles.
- the dissolution temperature in water is about 55 ° C. or higher (for example, 60 ° C. to 100 ° C.).
- the "dissolution temperature” is defined as, after adding 5 parts by weight of organic particles with stirring to 100 parts by weight of water maintained at a target temperature by visual inspection under atmospheric pressure (the liquid may become cloudy at the beginning of addition). While keeping the temperature at the temperature for 30 minutes while continuing stirring, it is examined whether or not the appearance of the liquid changes from cloudy to transparent, which means the highest temperature among the temperatures that change to transparent.
- organic particles examples include unmodified starch, modified starch (for example, cationized starch), locust bean gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, and polyvinyl alcohol.
- the organic particles may be ionic or nonionic.
- the organic particles are preferably ionic, more particularly anionic, cationic or amphoteric organic particles so that they can be easily anchored to the pulp in the pulp slurry and product.
- the pulp is ionic, it is preferable to use organic particles having an ionic portion opposite to that of the pulp, whereby the organic particles can be effectively fixed to the pulp (preferably together with an oil resistant agent). It is possible to improve the gas barrier property of the finally obtained pulp mold container.
- the pulp is usually anionic, and for such pulp it is preferred that the organic particles have a cationic moiety, more specifically cationized or amphoterized.
- Organic particles having a cation moiety include cationized starch, amphoteric starch, cation-modified polyvinyl alcohol and the like.
- the amount of the particles (2) is 1 to 99.9% by weight with respect to the total weight of the non-fluorinated polymer (1) and the particles (2).
- the lower limit of the amount of the particles (2) may be 10% by weight, for example 30% by weight or 40% by weight, particularly 50% by weight or 60% by weight, particularly 65% by weight or 70% by weight.
- the upper limit of the amount of the particles (2) may be 99% by weight or 98% by weight, for example 97% by weight or 95% by weight, particularly 90% by weight, particularly 80% by weight or 70% by weight.
- the amount of the particles (2) is 60 to 99% by weight, for example 65 to 98% by weight, particularly 70 to 97% by weight, based on the total weight of the non-fluorinated polymer (1) and the particles (2). You can.
- the oil resistant agent may contain a component (3) other than the non-fluorine polymer (1) and the particles (2).
- the other component (3) include an aqueous medium, an emulsifier and the like.
- the aqueous medium is water, or a mixture of water and an organic solvent (an organic solvent miscible with water).
- the amount of the aqueous medium may be 50% to 99.99% by weight based on the total amount of the non-fluorinated polymer (1) (if necessary and the particles (2)) and the aqueous medium.
- the amount of the emulsifier may be 0 to 30 parts by weight, for example 0.1 to 10 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the non-fluorinated polymer (1).
- the oil resistant agent may be in the form of a solution, emulsion or aerosol.
- the oil resistant agent may contain a non-fluorine polymer (1) and a liquid medium.
- the liquid medium is, for example, an organic solvent and / or water, preferably an aqueous medium.
- the aqueous medium is water, or a mixture of water and an organic solvent (eg, polypropylene glycol and / or its derivatives).
- the non-fluorinated polymer is an aqueous dispersion type dispersed in an aqueous medium, and the non-fluorinated polymer (1) may be self-emulsified or neutralized. It may be dispersed in an aqueous medium in the form of a salt, or it may be emulsified using an emulsifier.
- the particles (2) may be used in the form of a solid or dispersed in a liquid medium.
- the non-fluorine polymer (1) and the particles (2) may be dispersed in the same liquid medium, or may be dispersed in different liquid media.
- the concentration of the non-fluorine polymer may be, for example, 0.01 to 50% by weight.
- the oil resistant agent may or may not contain an emulsifier, but preferably does not contain an emulsifier.
- Oil resistant agents can be used to treat paper substrates.
- “Treatment” means applying an oil resistant agent to the inside and / or outside of the paper.
- the oil resistant agent can be applied to the object to be treated by a conventionally known method.
- the oil resistant agent is mainly present inside the paper by the internal addition treatment.
- Examples of the paper base material of the object to be treated include paper, a container made of paper, and a molded product made of paper (for example, pulp mold).
- the non-fluorine polymer adheres well to the paper substrate.
- the oil resistant agent is added so that the amounts of the non-fluorine polymer (1) and the particles (2) are 0.01 to 75 parts by weight, for example 0.1 to 60 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the pulp solid content. It is preferable to use it.
- Paper can be produced by a conventionally known papermaking method.
- An internal addition treatment method in which an oil resistant agent is added to the pulp slurry before papermaking, or an external addition treatment method in which an oil resistant agent is applied to the paper after papermaking can be used.
- an internal addition treatment method is preferable.
- the use of the oil resistant agents of the present disclosure in the internal addition process does not require new equipment.
- an oil resistant agent can be mixed with a pulp slurry and papermaking can be performed to produce paper treated with the oil resistant agent.
- the paper treated with the oil resistant agent is an oil resistant paper having oil resistance.
- the oil-resistant paper may be thin paper, thick paper, or pulp mold.
- the paper thus treated can optionally take a temperature range of up to 300 ° C., for example up to 200 ° C., especially 80 ° C. to 180 ° C., depending on the nature of the paper, after a brief drying at room temperature or high temperature. It exhibits excellent oil resistance and water resistance when accompanied by heat treatment.
- This disclosure can be used for gypsum board base paper, coated base paper, acid-free paper, general liner and core, neutral pure white roll paper, neutral liner, acid-free liner and metal interleaving paper, kraft paper, etc. It can also be used for neutral printing writing paper, neutral coated base paper, neutral PPC paper, neutral heat-sensitive paper, neutral pressure-sensitive base paper, neutral inkjet paper, and neutral information paper.
- the pulp (pulp raw material) used as a raw material is bleached or unbleached chemical pulp such as kraft pulp or sulfite pulp, bleached or unbleached high-yield pulp such as crushed wood pulp, mechanical pulp or thermomechanical pulp, used newspaper, magazines. It may be any of used paper pulp such as used paper, corrugated used paper or deinked used paper, and non-wood pulp such as bagas pulp, kenaf pulp and bamboo pulp, and may be one kind or a combination of two or more of them. Further, a mixture of a pulp raw material and one or more kinds of synthetic fibers such as asbestos, polyamide, polyimide, polyester and polyolefin can also be used.
- a pulp slurry having a pulp concentration of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight (for example, 2.5 to 4.0% by weight).
- Additives eg, sizing agents, paper strength agents, flocculants, yielding agents or coagulants, etc.
- non-fluorinated polymers can be added to the pulp slurry. Since pulp is generally anionic, it is preferred that at least one of the additive and the non-fluorinated polymer is cationic or amphoteric so that the additive and the non-fluorinated polymer adhere well to the paper.
- Additives are cationic or amphoteric and non-fluorinated polymers are anionic, additives are anionic and non-fluorinated polymers are cationic or amphoteric, additives and non-fluorinated polymers It is preferable to use a combination that is cationic or amphoteric.
- additives may be used.
- examples of other components are cationic coagulants, water resistant agents, paper strength enhancers, flocculants, fixers, yield improvers and the like.
- cationic coagulant paper strength enhancer, flocculant, fixing agent, and yield improver
- a polymer or inorganic substance having both cationic or amphoteric properties can be used.
- An oil resistant agent composed of a non-fluorinated polymer (1) and particles (2) with respect to pulp which can be normally anionic by a cationic coagulant, a paper strength enhancer, a flocculant, a fixing agent, and a yield improver. Can be effectively fixed, and the gas barrier property and / or water and oil resistance of the finally obtained pulp mold container can be enhanced.
- Examples of the cationic coagulant, paper strength enhancer, flocculant, fixing agent, and yield improver include polyamine epichlorohydrin resin, polyamide epichlorohydrin resin, and cationic polyacrylamide (acrylamide-allylamine copolymer, acrylamide).
- a water resistant agent may be used in addition to the oil resistant agent.
- the "water resistant agent” refers to a component (however, excluding the oil resistant agent described above) that can improve the water resistance of the pulp mold product by adding it to the pulp slurry as compared with the case where it is not added.
- the water resistant agent can enhance the water resistance of the finally obtained pulp mold container.
- the above-mentioned cationic coagulant cannot improve water resistance by itself and can be understood separately from the water resistant agent.
- water resistant agent one used as a sizing agent or the like in ordinary papermaking can be used.
- water resistant agents are cationic sizing agents, anionic sizing agents, and rosin-based sizing agents (for example, acidic rosin-based sizing agents and neutral rosin-based sizing agents), and cationic sizing agents are preferable.
- styrene-containing polymers such as styrene- (meth) acrylate copolymers, alkenyl succinic anhydrides, and alkyl ketene dimers are preferable.
- dyes, fluorescent dyes, slime control agents, antislip agents, antifoaming agents, pitch control agents, etc. which are usually used as paper chemicals, may be used as paper treatment agents.
- the paper is preferably a pulp mold product.
- an oil resistant agent is added to a slurry in which pulp is dispersed in an aqueous medium to prepare a prepared pulp slurry, a pulp mold intermediate is made, dehydrated, and then at least dried to prepare a pulp mold. It can be manufactured by a manufacturing method including obtaining a product.
- the prepared pulp slurry is prepared so that the organic particles exist while maintaining the solid state.
- the prepared pulp slurry is prepared at a temperature lower than the dissolution temperature of the organic particles, for example, at least 5 ° C. lower.
- the organic particles exist while maintaining a solid state (powdered, granular, fibrous, scaly, etc. depending on the organic particles used as a raw material), for example, powdered starch as a raw material.
- powdered starch may be dispersed in an aqueous medium.
- the order of addition of the oil resistant agent and the organic particles to the pulp slurry, and optionally the cationic coagulant and / or the water resistant agent, etc. may be any order as long as the organic particles are present while maintaining the solid state.
- the content ratio (overall standard) of each component in the prepared pulp slurry has a high drainage degree suitable for papermaking and dehydration, and can be appropriately selected according to the physical properties desired for the pulp mold product.
- the content ratio of the solid content of each component in the compounded pulp slurry (overall)
- the content ratios of the pulp and the oil resistant agent to the aqueous medium in the formulated pulp slurry can be appropriately selected so as to have a high drainage degree suitable for papermaking and dehydration, and may be, for example: -Pulp 0.1-5.58% by weight, especially 0.3-2.64% by weight -Oil resistant agent (solid content) 0.001 to 2.79% by weight, especially 0.005 to 1.05% by weight
- the degree of drainage of the obtained aqueous composition decreases. ..
- the filtered water of the prepared pulp slurry was compared with the case where the organic particles were dissolved in the aqueous medium. A large amount of organic particles can be added while maintaining a high degree.
- a pulp mold intermediate is made from the prepared pulp slurry prepared above, dehydrated, and then at least dried to obtain a pulp mold product.
- Papermaking, dehydration, and drying can be performed according to a conventionally known method as a pulp mold.
- the organic particles are maintained in a solid state.
- the preparation and dehydration are carried out at a temperature lower than the dissolution temperature of the organic particles, for example, at least 5 ° C. lower.
- Papermaking and dehydration removes the aqueous medium from the blended pulp slurry through a mold (and optionally a filter), so that dissolution of organic particles significantly reduces the drainage of the blended pulp slurry, effectively resulting in papermaking and dehydration. It is not preferable because it cannot be carried out.
- the organic particles remain in a solid state, the degree of drainage of the prepared pulp slurry does not decrease, and papermaking and dehydration can be appropriately carried out.
- the organic particles exist while maintaining a solid state (powdered, granular, fibrous, scaly, etc. depending on the organic particles used as a raw material), for example, powdered as a raw material.
- a solid state for example, powdered as a raw material.
- the starch of the above the powdery starch may be dispersed in the pulp.
- Drying need not be carried out so that the organic particles maintain a solid state, and is a temperature at which the residual aqueous medium can be effectively removed (where applicable, the temperature may be higher than the dissolution temperature of the organic particles). For example, it can be carried out at 90 to 250 ° C., particularly 100 to 200 ° C.
- the drying time is not particularly limited and may be selected so that the aqueous medium remaining in the pulp mold intermediate is substantially removed.
- the dry atmosphere is not particularly limited, and the ambient atmosphere (air under normal pressure) may be simply used.
- the organic particles are at least partially dissolved, so that a higher gas barrier property can be obtained. However, it is not necessary that all of the organic particles are dissolved, and a part of the organic particles may remain while maintaining the solid state.
- pulp mold products can be manufactured.
- Such a pulp mold product contains pulp and an oil resistant agent, and can realize high gas barrier property and excellent water resistance and oil resistance.
- the content ratio of the organic particles to the pulp is 0.0001 to 75% by weight, for example, 0.1 to 60% by weight, particularly 2 to 50% by weight.
- an aqueous solution in which organic particles such as starch are dissolved in an aqueous medium in advance is added to a pulp slurry to obtain a pulp mold product for the purpose of improving the strength, the strength is sufficiently improved even if the content ratio of the organic particles in the pulp is low. The effect was obtained, and it was not required to increase the content ratio of organic particles to pulp.
- the content of organic particles in pulp is preferably high, and the lower limit of the content of organic particles in pulp is 3% by weight or 5% by weight, for example, 8% by weight or 10% by weight, particularly 15% by weight. It may be there.
- the upper limit of the content of organic particles in the pulp may be 60% by weight, for example 50% by weight or 40% by weight, particularly 30% by weight or 20% by weight.
- the content of the organic particles in the pulp may be 3 to 70% by weight or 5 to 60% by weight, for example 8 to 50% by weight or 8 to 40% by weight. That is, the content ratio of the organic particles may be 3 to 70 parts by weight or 5 to 60 parts by weight, for example, 8 to 50 parts by weight or 8 to 40 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of pulp.
- the organic particles have such a high content ratio, not only high gas barrier properties can be obtained, but also water resistance and oil resistance can be further improved.
- the organic particles can be derived from powdered starch dispersed in an aqueous medium (in a blended pulp slurry).
- pulp mold products The abundance of pulp, organic particles, oil resistant agents and, in some cases, cationic coagulants and / or water resistant agents contained in pulp mold products is considered to be substantially equal to the solid content of these components used as raw materials. It does not matter (usually, the aqueous medium and other liquid media, if present, can be removed by drying and press forming, but the solids can remain unremoved or decomposed).
- the content ratio of each component (component that can remain in the pulp mold product) to the pulp (solid content) can be appropriately selected according to the physical properties desired for the pulp mold product. For example, as follows. possible. -Oil resistant agent (solid content) 0.01 to 50% by weight or 0.01 to 20% by weight, especially 0.05 to 10% by weight Cationic coagulant (solid content) 0 to 20% by weight, especially 0 to 10% by weight (for example, 0.001% by weight or more if present) -Water resistant agent (solid content) 0 to 20% by weight, especially 0 to 10% by weight (for example, 0.001% by weight or more if present)
- Pulp mold products are internally supplemented with an oil resistant agent (manufactured by the pulp mold method by adding to pulp slurry). Therefore, after using the pulp mold product, the entire product can be crushed and returned to the original raw material, which is suitable for recycling. Further, since such pulp mold products can utilize the biodegradability inherent in pulp, the burden on the environment can be extremely reduced, preferably substantially eliminated. Further, in such a pulp mold product, the texture of pulp can be maintained on the surface of the product, and the appearance is not impaired due to glossiness as in the case where the surface is laminated with a plastic film.
- Such pulp mold products can be suitably used as food containers (including trays and the like), for example, storage containers for frozen foods and chilled foods.
- the pulp mold product of the present disclosure is excellent in water resistance and oil resistance, the pulp mold product (container) is not impregnated with water or oil derived from food, and therefore, the strength of the container is increased by the impregnation of water or oil. It is possible to prevent the container from being lowered and the table surface facing the bottom surface of the container from being contaminated with water or oil that has permeated the container. Further, since the pulp mold product of the present disclosure has a high gas barrier property and it is difficult for gas and water vapor to permeate, when a hot and humid food is stored or when the food is heated in a microwave oven while being stored, the product is heated in a microwave oven.
- the pulp mold product of the present disclosure has a high gas barrier property, and it is difficult for gas and water vapor (or water vapor) to permeate. Therefore, when the food is stored frozen in a state where the food is contained, the water evaporates from the food or the food. Can effectively reduce the exposure of food to oxygen, effectively prevent freezing burns caused by these, and maintain the flavor of food for a long period of time.
- Air permeability The air permeability (air permeation resistance) of the bottom of the pulp molded product molded into a container is measured by an automatic denso meter manufactured by Yasuda Seiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd. (Product No. 323-AUTO, vent diameter diameter 28.6 ⁇ 0.1 mm). ) was used for measurement in accordance with JIS P8117 (2009). The measured air permeability values were classified and evaluated according to the following criteria. Evaluation criteria ⁇ : 500 seconds or more ⁇ : 300 seconds or more ⁇ : 100 seconds or more ⁇ : Less than 100 seconds
- Synthesis example 1 A reactor having a volume of 500 ml equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a reflux condenser, a dropping funnel, a nitrogen inlet and a heating device was prepared, and 100 parts of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) as a solvent was added. Subsequently, under stirring, a monomer (100 parts in total) consisting of 78 parts of stearyl acrylate (StA, melting point: 30 ° C.), 16 parts of hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA), and 6 parts of methacrylic acid (MAA).
- StA stearyl acrylate
- HOA hydroxyethyl acrylate
- MAA methacrylic acid
- Synthesis example 2 A reactor having a volume of 500 ml equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a reflux condenser, a dropping funnel, a nitrogen inlet and a heating device was prepared, and 100 parts of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) as a solvent was added.
- MEK methyl ethyl ketone
- Example 1 To a dilution of 550 cc (Canadian Freeness), add 2400 g of an aqueous dispersion of 0.5% by weight of a mixture of 70 parts of hardwood bleached kraft pulp and 30 parts of coniferous bleached kraft pulp while stirring, and then carbonize. Add 1.2 g of calcium and continue stirring for 1 minute, then add 2.4 g of an aqueous 5% solid content solution of amphoteric starch and continue stirring for 1 minute, then add a 5% aqueous solid content solution of alkylketen dimer (AKD).
- the pulp slurry was placed in a metal tank. At the lower part of the tank, a metal pulp molding mold provided with a large number of suction holes was present in a state where a net-like body was arranged on the metal pulp molding mold.
- the pulp-containing aqueous composition is sucked and dehydrated through the pulp mold and the network from the side opposite to the side where the pulp mold mesh is arranged by a vacuum pump, and is contained in the pulp-containing aqueous composition.
- the solid content (pulp, etc.) was deposited on the reticulated body to obtain a pulp mold intermediate.
- the obtained pulp mold intermediate was pressed from above and below with a metal male-female molding mold heated to 60 to 200 ° C. and dried.
- Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the content ratio of each component to pulp, high temperature oil resistance performance, high temperature water resistance performance, and air permeability in the obtained pulp mold product.
- Example 2 To a freeness of 550 cc (Canadian Freeness), add 2400 g of an aqueous dispersion of 0.5% by weight of a mixture of 70 parts of perforated broadleaf bleached kraft pulp and 30 parts of coniferous bleached kraft pulp while stirring, and then add carbonic acid. Add 0.6 g of calcium and continue stirring for 1 minute, then add 1.2 g of powdered cationized starch and continue stirring for 1 minute, then add 2.4 g of a 5% solid aqueous solution of amphoteric starch.
- Example 3 Experiments were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 1.2 g of calcium carbonate in Example 2 was added and 2.4 g of powdered cationized starch was added. Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the content ratio of each component to pulp, high temperature oil resistance performance, high temperature water resistance performance, and air permeability in the obtained pulp mold product.
- Example 4 An experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2.4 g of an aqueous dispersion of the non-fluorine copolymer of Synthesis Example 2 in Example 3 diluted with water to a solid content of 10% was added. Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the content ratio of each component to pulp, high temperature oil resistance performance, high temperature water resistance performance, and air permeability in the obtained pulp mold product.
- Example 5 The experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 4.8 g of powdered cationized starch in Example 4 was added. Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the content ratio of each component to pulp, high temperature oil resistance performance, high temperature water resistance performance, and air permeability in the obtained pulp mold product.
- Example 6 Other than the addition of calcium carbonate in Example 5 and the addition of 3.6 g of the aqueous dispersion of the non-fluorine copolymer of Synthesis Example 2 diluted with water to a solid content of 10%, the same as in Example 1. The experiment was conducted in the same manner. Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the content ratio of each component to pulp, high temperature oil resistance performance, high temperature water resistance performance, and air permeability in the obtained pulp mold product.
- Example 7 Experiments were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the 5% solid content aqueous solution of amphoteric starch was not added and the 5% solid content aqueous solution of alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) was not added.
- Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the content ratio of each component to the pulp in the obtained pulp mold product, high temperature oil resistance performance, high temperature water resistance performance, and air permeability.
- Example 8 The experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 0.6 g of calcium carbonate in Example 1 was added. Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the content ratio of each component to pulp, high temperature oil resistance performance, high temperature water resistance performance, and air permeability in the obtained pulp mold product.
- Example 9 3.6 g of the aqueous dispersion of the non-fluorinated copolymer of Synthesis Example 2 in Example 8 diluted with water to a solid content of 10% was added and stirred for 1 minute, and then the non-fluorinated copolymer of Synthesis Example 1 was weighted. The same experiment as in Example 1 was carried out except that 6.0 g of the combined aqueous dispersion diluted with water to a solid content of 10% was added and stirring was continued for 1 minute. Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the content ratio of each component to the pulp in the obtained pulp mold product, high temperature oil resistance performance, high temperature water resistance performance, and air permeability.
- Example 10 The experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the 5% solid content aqueous solution of the alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) in Example 3 was not added.
- Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the content ratio of each component to pulp, high temperature oil resistance performance, high temperature water resistance performance, and air permeability in the obtained pulp mold product.
- Comparative Example 1 Instead of adding calcium carbonate in Example 1 and diluting the aqueous dispersion of the non-fluorinated copolymer of Synthesis Example 2 with water to a solid content of 10%, styrene-butadiene latex was added with water to a solid content of 10. The experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 3.6 g of the diluted solution was added. Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the content ratio of each component to the pulp in the obtained pulp mold product, high temperature oil resistance performance, high temperature water resistance performance, and air permeability.
- Comparative Example 2 A styrene-butadiene latex diluted to a solid content of 10% with water instead of the aqueous dispersion of the non-fluorinated copolymer of Synthesis Example 2 in Example 2 diluted with water to a solid content of 10%.
- the experiment was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 6 g was added.
- Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the content ratio of each component to the pulp in the obtained pulp mold product, high temperature oil resistance performance, high temperature water resistance performance, and air permeability.
- the oil resistant agent of the present disclosure can be applied to various types of paper, especially paper used for food containers and food packaging materials.
- the oil resistant agent is incorporated into the paper by external or internal addition, especially internal addition.
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Abstract
Description
例えば、紙からできている食品包装材および食品容器は、食品の水分および油分が染み出すことを防止することが要求される。したがって、耐油剤が紙に内添または外添により適用されている。
特許文献1(特開2015-129365号公報)は、エチレン系熱可塑性ポリマー、プロピレン系熱可塑性ポリマー及びそれらの混合物からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種のポリマーと、少なくとも1種の高分子安定剤と、水とを含む、水性分散体を含む配合物をセルロース繊維と添合することを含む、セルロース物品の形成方法を開示している。
特許文献2(国際出願公開2015/008868号公報)は、平均繊維径が2nm以上1000nm以下の微細セルロース繊維からなり;前記微細セルロース繊維の重量比率が50重量%以上99重量%以下であり;ブロックポリイソシアネートの集合体が前記微細セルロース繊維重量に対して重量比率として1~100重量%含有されている微細セルロース繊維シートを開示している。
特許文献3(特開2004-148307号公報)は、a)バリア機能性を付与する少なくとも2つの層を含む複合多層易流動性カーテンを形成する工程、およびb)前記カーテンを連続ウェブ支持体に接触させて、塗被支持体を得る工程、からなる塗被支持体の製造方法を開示している。
本開示の好ましい態様は、次のとおりである。
[1]
(1)非フッ素重合体、および
(2)無機粒子または有機粒子から選択された少なくとも1種の粒子、
を含んでなる、紙の内部に添加される紙用耐油剤であって、
粒子(2)の量が、非フッ素重合体(1)と粒子(2)の合計重量に対して、1~99.9重量%である紙用耐油剤。
[2]
非フッ素重合体(1)が、アクリル系重合体である[1]に記載の紙用耐油剤。
[3]
非フッ素重合体が、長鎖炭化水素基を有するアクリル単量体(a)から形成された繰り返し単位を有する非フッ素重合体であり、
長鎖炭化水素基を有するアクリル単量体(a)が、式:
CH2=C(-X1)-C(=O)-Y1(R1)k
[式中、R1は、それぞれ独立的に、炭素数7~40の炭化水素基であり、
X1は、水素原子、一価の有機基またはハロゲン原子であり、
Y1は、2価~4価の炭素数1の炭化水素基、-C6H4-、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-または-NH-から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上で構成される基(但し、炭化水素基を除く)であり、
kは1~3である。]
で示される単量体である[1]または[2]に記載の紙用耐油剤。
長鎖炭化水素基を有するアクリル単量体(a)において、X1が水素原子またはメチル基である[3]に記載の紙用耐油剤。
[5]
長鎖炭化水素基を有するアクリル単量体(a)において、長鎖炭化水素基の炭素数が18以上である[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤。
[6]
長鎖炭化水素基を有するアクリル単量体(a)が、
(a1)式:
CH2=C(-X4)-C(=O)-Y2-R2
[式中、R2は、炭素数7~40の炭化水素基であり、
X4は、水素原子、一価の有機基またはハロゲン原子であり、
Y2は、-O-または-NH-である。]
で示されるアクリル単量体、および/または
(a2)式:
CH2=C(-X5)-C(=O)-Y3-Z(-Y4-R3)n
[式中、R3は、それぞれ独立的に、炭素数7~40の炭化水素基であり、
X5は、水素原子、一価の有機基またはハロゲン原子であり、
Y3は、-O-または-NH-であり、
Y4は、それぞれ独立的に、直接結合、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-または-NH-から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上で構成される基であり、
Zは、直接結合、2価または3価の炭素数1~5の炭化水素基であり、
nは、1または2である。]
で示されるアクリル単量体である[3]~[5]のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤。
親水性基を有するアクリル単量体(b)が、式:
CH2=CX2C(=O)-O-(RO)n-X3 (b1)、
CH2=CX2C(=O)-O-(RO)n-C(=O)CX2=CH2 (b2)、または
CH2=CX2C(=O)-NH-(RO)n-X3 (b3)
[式中、X2は、水素原子またはメチル基、
X3は、水素原子または炭素数1~22の不飽和または飽和の炭化水素基
Rは、各々独立に炭素数2~6のアルキレン基、nは、1~90の整数である。]
で表わされる少なくとも1つのオキシアルキレン(メタ)アクリレートである、[3]~[6]のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤。
[8]
非フッ素重合体が
単量体(a)および(b)以外の、オレフィン性炭素-炭素二重結合、およびアニオン性供与基またはカチオン性供与基を有する単量体(c)から形成される繰り返し単位
をさらに含む[3]~[7]のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤。
[9]
アニオン供与基がカルボキシル基、またはカチオン供与基がアミノ基である[8]に記載の紙用耐油剤。
[10]
長鎖炭化水素基を有するアクリル単量体(a)から形成される繰り返し単位の量が、共重合体に対して30~90重量%であり、親水性基を有するアクリル単量体(b)から形成される繰り返し単位の量が、共重合体に対して5~70重量%である[3]~[9]のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤。
[11]
無機粒子が、炭酸カルシウム、タルク、カオリン、クレー、マイカ、水酸化アルミニウム、硫酸バリウム、ケイ酸カルシウム、硫酸カルシウム、シリカ、炭酸亜鉛、酸化亜鉛、酸化チタン、ベントナイト、ホワイトカーボンから選択された少なくとも1種以上からできており、
有機粒子が、多糖類、熱可塑性樹脂から選択された少なくとも1種からできている[1]~[10]のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤。
[12]
有機粒子が40℃で水に不溶性である[1]~[11]のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤。
[13]
無機粒子が炭酸カルシウムであり、有機粒子がスターチである[1]~[12]のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤。
[14]
粒子(2)が有機粒子を含んでなる[1]~[13]のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤。
[15]
紙用耐油剤が水または水と有機溶媒の混合物である液状媒体をさらに含んでなる[1]~[14]のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤。
[1]~[15]のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤を紙の内部に含む耐油紙。
[17]
パルプモールド製品である[16]に記載の耐油紙。
[18]
食品包装材または食品容器である[16]または[17]に記載の耐油紙。
[19]
パルプが水性媒体中に分散したスラリーに、[1]~[15]のいずれかに記載の耐油剤を添加して調合パルプスラリーを調製し、耐油紙中間体を抄造し、脱水し、その後、乾燥させて耐油紙を得ることを含む耐油紙の製造方法。
耐油剤は、紙に、高い耐油性を付与する。耐油剤は、高い耐水性および高いガスバリア性を付与し得る。
非フッ素重合体はアクリル系重合体、ポリエステル系重合体、ポリエーテル系重合体、シリコーン系重合体、ウレタン系重合体などであってよい。エステル結合、アミド結合および/またはウレタン結合を有する重合体が好ましい。特にアクリル系重合体(すなわち、非フッ素アクリル系重合体)が好ましい。アクリル系重合体は、エステル結合および/またはアミド結合を有することが好ましい。
共重合体は、2種以上の単量体から形成される繰り返し単位を有する。
(a)炭素数7~40の長鎖炭化水素基を有するアクリル単量体から形成される繰り返し単位、および
(b)親水性基を有するアクリル単量体から形成される繰り返し単位を有することが好ましい。
さらに、非フッ素重合体は、単量体(a)および(b)に加えて、
(c)イオン供与基を有する単量体
によって形成されている繰り返し単位を有することが好ましい。
非フッ素重合体は、単量体(a)、(b)および(c)に加えて、
(d)他の単量体
から形成される繰り返し単位を有していてもよい。
長鎖炭化水素基を有するアクリル単量体(a)は、炭素数7~40の長鎖炭化水素基を有する。炭素数7~40の長鎖炭化水素基は、炭素数7~40の直鎖状または分岐状の炭化水素基であることが好ましい。長鎖炭化水素基の炭素数は、10~40、例えば、12~30、特に15~30であることが好ましい。あるいは、長鎖炭化水素基の炭素数は、18~40であってよい。
CH2=C(-X1)-C(=O)-Y1(R1)k
[式中、R1は、それぞれ独立的に、炭素数7~40の炭化水素基であり、
X1は、水素原子、一価の有機基またはハロゲン原子であり、
Y1は、2価~4価の炭素数1の炭化水素基(特に、-CH2-、-CH=)、-C6H4-、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-または-NH-から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上で構成される基(但し、炭化水素基を除く)であり、
kは1~3である。]
で示される単量体であることが好ましい。
Y1は、炭素数1の炭化水素基、-C6H4-、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-または-NH-から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上によって構成される基(但し、炭化水素基を除く)であることが好ましい。炭素数1の炭化水素基の例として、-CH2-、枝分かれ構造を有する-CH=または枝分かれ構造を有する-C≡が挙げられる。
[式中、Y’は、直接結合、-O-、-NH-または-S(=O)2-であり、
R’は-(CH2)m-(mは1~5の整数である)または-C6H4-(フェニレン基)である。]
であってよい。
[式中、mは1~5の整数、特に2または4である。]
であることが好ましい。Y1は、-O-または-O-(CH2)m-NH-C(=O)-、特に-O-(CH2)m-NH-C(=O)-であることがより好ましい。
(a1)式:
CH2=C(-X4)-C(=O)-Y2-R2
[式中、R2は、炭素数7~40の炭化水素基であり、
X4は、水素原子、一価の有機基またはハロゲン原子であり、
Y2は、-O-または-NH-である。]
で示されるアクリル単量体、および
(a2)式:
CH2=C(-X5)-C(=O)-Y3-Z(-Y4-R3)n
[式中、R3は、それぞれ独立的に、炭素数7~40の炭化水素基であり、
X5は、水素原子、一価の有機基またはハロゲン原子であり、
Y3は、-O-または-NH-であり、
Y4は、それぞれ独立的に、直接結合、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-または-NH-から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上で構成される基であり、
Zは、2価または3価の炭素数1~5の炭化水素基であり、
nは、1または2である。]
で示されるアクリル単量体である。
アクリル単量体(a1)は、式:
CH2=C(-X4)-C(=O)-Y2-R2
[式中、R2は、炭素数7~40の炭化水素基であり、
X4は、水素原子、一価の有機基またはハロゲン原子であり、
Y2は、-O-または-NH-である。]
で示される化合物である。
R2は、脂肪族炭化水素基、特に飽和の脂肪族炭化水素基、特別にアルキル基であることが好ましい。R2において、炭化水素基の炭素数は、12~30、例えば16~26、特に18~22であることが好ましい。
X4は、水素原子、メチル基、フッ素原子を除くハロゲン、置換または非置換のベンジル基、置換または非置換のフェニル基であってよい。水素原子、メチル基または塩素原子であることが好ましい。
長鎖アクリルアミド単量体の好ましい具体例は、ステアリル(メタ)アクリルアミド、イコシル(メタ)アクリルアミド、ベヘニル(メタ)アクリルアミドである。
アクリル単量体(a2)は、アクリル単量体(a1)とは異なる単量体である。アクリル単量体(a2)は、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-、または-NH-から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上で構成される基を有する(メタ)アクリレートまたは(メタ)アクリルアミドである。
アクリル単量体(a2)は、式:
CH2=C(-X5)-C(=O)-Y3-Z(-Y4-R3)n
[式中、R3は、それぞれ独立的に、炭素数7~40の炭化水素基であり、
X5は、水素原子、一価の有機基またはハロゲン原子であり、
Y3は、-O-または-NH-であり、
Y4は、それぞれ独立的に、直接結合、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-または-NH-から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上で構成される基であり、
Zは、直接結合、あるいは2価または3価の炭素数1~5の炭化水素基であり、
nは、1または2である。]
で示される化合物であってよい。
[式中、Y’はそれぞれ独立して、直接結合、-O-、-NH-または-S(=O)2-であり、
R’は-(CH2)m-(mは1~5の整数である)、炭素数1~5の不飽和結合を有する直鎖状の炭化水素基、炭素数1~5の枝分かれ構造を有する炭化水素基、または-(CH2)l-C6H4-(CH2)l-(lはそれぞれ独立して0~5の整数であり-C6H4-はフェニレン基である)である。]
であってよい。
[式中、mは1~5の整数である。]
である。
Zは直接結合でないことが好ましく、Y4およびZは同時に直接結合であることはない。
アクリル単量体(a2)は、CH2=C(-X5)-C(=O)-O-(CH2)m-NH-C(=O)-R3であることが特に好ましい。
あるいは、アクリル単量体(a2)は、側鎖にイソシアネート基を有する(メタ)アクリレート、例えば、2-メタクリロイルオキシエチルメタクリレートと長鎖アルキルアミンまたは長鎖アルキルアルコールを反応させることでも製造できる。長鎖アルキルアミンとしては例えば、ラウリルアミン、ミリスチルアミン、セチルアミン、ステアリルアミン、オレイルアミン、ベヘニルアミンなどがある。長鎖アルキルアルコールとしては例えば、ラウリルアルコール、ミリスチルアルコール、セチルアルコール、ステアリルアルコール、オレイルアルコール、ベヘニルアルコールなどがある。
ステアリル(メタ)アクリレート、ベヘニル(メタ)アクリレート、ステアリルαクロロアクリレート、ベヘニルαクロロアクリレート;
ステアリル(メタ)アクリルアミド、ベヘニル(メタ)アクリルアミド;
[上記式中、nは7~40の数であり、mは1~5の数である。]
上記の化学式の化合物は、α位が水素原子であるアクリル化合物であるが、具体例は、α位がメチル基であるメタクル化合物およびα位が塩素原子であるαクロロアクリル化合物であってよい。
R12-C(=O)-NH-R13-O-R11
[式中、R11は、エチレン性不飽和重合性基を有する有機残基、
R12は、炭素数7~40の炭化水素基、
R13は、炭素数1~5の炭化水素基である。]
で示されるアミド基含有単量体であることが好ましい。
アミド基含有単量体の具体例としては、パルミチン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ステアリン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ベヘニン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ミリスチン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ラウリン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレート、イソステアリン酸エチルアミド(メタ)アクリレート、オレイン酸エチルアミド(メタ)アクリレート、ターシャリーブチルシクロヘキシルカプロン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレート、アダマンタンカルボン酸エチルアミド(メタ)アクリレート、ナフタレンカルボン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレート、アントラセンカルボン酸アミドエチル(メタ)アクリレート、パルミチン酸アミドプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、ステアリン酸アミドプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、パルミチン酸アミドエチルビニルエーテル、ステアリン酸アミドエチルビニルエーテル、パルミチン酸アミドエチルアリルエーテル、ステアリン酸アミドエチルアリルエーテル、またはこれらの混合物が挙げられる。
親水性基を有するアクリル単量体(b)は、単量体(a)以外の単量体であって、親水性単量体である。親水性基は、オキシアルキレン基(アルキレン基の炭素数は2~6である。)であることが好ましい。特に、親水性基を有するアクリル単量体(b)は、ポリアルキレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレートおよび/またはポリアルキレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリアルキレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリルアミドであることが好ましい。ポリアルキレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリレートおよびポリアルキレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリアルキレングリコールモノ(メタ)アクリルアミドは、一般式:
CH2=CX2C(=O)-O-(RO)n-X3 (b1)、
CH2=CX2C(=O)-O-(RO)n-C(=O)CX2=CH2 (b2)、または
CH2=CX2C(=O)-NH-(RO)n-X3 (b3)
[式中、
X2は、各々独立に水素原子またはメチル基、
X3は、各々独立に水素原子または炭素数1~22の不飽和または飽和の炭化水素基
Rは、各々独立に炭素数2~6のアルキレン基、
nは、1~90の整数
である。]
で示されるものであることが好ましい。nは、例えば1~50、特に1~30、特別に1~15あるいは2~15であってよい。あるいは、nは、例えば1であってよい。
Rは、直鎖または分岐のアルキレン基であってよく、例えば、式-(CH2)x-または-(CH2)x1-(CH(CH3))x2-[式中、x1およびx2は0~6、例えば2~5であり、x1およびx2の合計は1~6である。-(CH2)x1-と-(CH(CH3))x2-の順序は、記載の式に限定されず、ランダムであってもよい。]で示される基であってよい。
-(RO)n-において、Rは2種類以上(例えば、2~4種類、特に2種類)であってよく、-(RO)n-は、例えば、-(R1O)n1-と-(R2O)n2-[式中、R1とR2は、相互に異なって、炭素数2~6のアルキレン基であり、n1およびn2は、1以上の数であり、n1とn2の合計は2~90である。]の組み合わせであってよい。
CH2=CHCOO-CH2CH2O-H
CH2=CHCOO-CH2CH2CH2O-H
CH2=CHCOO-CH2CH(CH3)O-H
CH2=CHCOO-CH(CH3)CH2O-H
CH2=CHCOO-CH2CH2CH2CH2O-H
CH2=CHCOO-CH2CH2CH(CH3)O-H
CH2=CHCOO-CH2CH(CH3)CH2O-H
CH2=CHCOO-CH(CH3)CH2CH2O-H
CH2=CHCOO-CH2CH(CH2CH3)O-H
CH2=CHCOO-CH2C(CH3)2O-H
CH2=CHCOO-CH(CH2CH3)CH2O-H
CH2=CHCOO-C(CH3)2CH2O-H
CH2=CHCOO-CH(CH3)CH(CH3)O-H
CH2=CHCOO-C(CH3)(CH2CH3)O-H
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2CH2O)2-H
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2CH2O)4-H
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2CH2O)5-H
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2CH2O)6-H
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2CH2O)5-CH3
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2CH2O)9-CH3
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2CH2O)23-CH3
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2CH2O)90-CH3
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2CH(CH3)O)9-CH3
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2CH(CH3)O)12-CH3
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2CH2O)5-(CH2CH(CH3)O)2-H
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2CH2O)5-(CH2CH(CH3)O)3-CH3
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2CH2O)8-(CH2CH(CH3)O)6-CH2CH(C2H5)C4H9
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2CH2O)23-OOC(CH3)C=CH2
CH2=CHCOO-(CH2CH2O)20-(CH2CH(CH3)O)5-CH2-CH=CH2
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH2CH2O-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH2CH2CH2O-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH2CH(CH3)O-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH(CH3)CH2O-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH2CH2CH2CH2O-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH2CH2CH(CH3)O-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH2CH(CH3)CH2O-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH(CH3)CH2CH2O-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH2CH(CH2CH3)O-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH2C(CH3)2O-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH(CH2CH3)CH2O-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-C(CH3)2CH2O-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH(CH3)CH(CH3)O-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-C(CH3)(CH2CH3)O-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-(CH2CH2O)2-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-(CH2CH2O)4-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-(CH2CH2O)5-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-(CH2CH2O)6-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-(CH2CH2O)9-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-(CH2CH2O)5-CH3
CH2=C(CH3)COO-(CH2CH2O)9-CH3
CH2=C(CH3)COO-(CH2CH2O)23-CH3
CH2=C(CH3)COO-(CH2CH2O)90-CH3
CH2=C(CH3)COO-(CH2CH(CH3)O)9-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-(CH2CH(CH3)O)12-CH3
CH2=C(CH3)COO-(CH2CH2O)5-(CH2CH(CH3)O)2-H
CH2=C(CH3)COO-(CH2CH2O)5-(CH2CH(CH3)O)3-CH3
CH2=C(CH3)COO-(CH2CH2O)8-(CH2CH(CH3)O)6-CH2CH(C2H5)C4H9
CH2=C(CH3)COO-(CH2CH2O)23-OOC(CH3)C=CH2
CH2=C(CH3)COO-(CH2CH2O)20-(CH2CH(CH3)O)5-CH2-CH=CH2
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-CH2CH2CH2O-H
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-CH2CH(CH3)O-H
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-CH(CH3)CH2O-H
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-CH2CH2CH2CH2O-H
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-CH2CH2CH(CH3)O-H
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-CH2CH(CH3)CH2O-H
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-CH(CH3)CH2CH2O-H
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-CH2CH(CH2CH3)O-H
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-CH2C(CH3)2O-H
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-CH(CH2CH3)CH2O-H
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-C(CH3)2CH2O-H
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-CH(CH3)CH(CH3)O-H
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-C(CH3)(CH2CH3)O-H
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)2-H
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)4-H
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)5-H
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)6-H
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)9-H
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)5-CH3
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)9-CH3
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)23-CH3
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)90-CH3
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH(CH3)O)9-CH3
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH(CH3)O)12-CH3
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)5-(CH2CH(CH3)O)2-H
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)5-(CH2CH(CH3)O)3-CH3
CH2=CH-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)8-(CH2CH(CH3)O)6-CH2CH(C2H5)C4H9
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-CH2CH2CH2O-H
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-CH2CH(CH3)O-H
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-CH(CH3)CH2O-H
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-CH2CH2CH2CH2O-H
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-CH2CH2CH(CH3)O-H
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-CH2CH(CH3)CH2O-H
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-CH(CH3)CH2CH2O-H
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-CH2CH(CH2CH3)O-H
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-CH2C(CH3)2O-H
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-CH(CH2CH3)CH2O-H
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-C(CH3)2CH2O-H
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-CH(CH3)CH(CH3)O-H
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-C(CH3)(CH2CH3)O-H
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)2-H
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)4-H
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)5-H
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)6-H
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)9-H
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)5-CH3
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)9-CH3
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)23-CH3
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)90-CH3
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH(CH3)O)9-CH3
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH(CH3)O)12-CH3
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)5-(CH2CH(CH3)O)2-H
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)5-(CH2CH(CH3)O)3-CH3
CH2=C(CH3)-C(=O)-NH-(CH2CH2O)8-(CH2CH(CH3)O)6-CH2CH(C2H5)C4H9
イオン供与基を有する単量体(c)は、単量体(a)および単量体(b)以外の単量体である。単量体(c)は、オレフィン性炭素―炭素二重結合およびイオン供与基を有する単量体であることが好ましい。イオン供与基は、アニオン供与基および/またはカチオン供与基である。
CH2=CHCOO-CH2CH2-N(CH3)2 およびその塩(例えば酢酸塩)
CH2=CHCOO-CH2CH2-N(CH2CH3)2 およびその塩(例えば酢酸塩)
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH2CH2-N(CH3)2 およびその塩(例えば酢酸塩)
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH2CH2-N(CH2CH3)2 およびその塩(例えば酢酸塩)
CH2=CHC(O)N(H)-CH2CH2CH2-N(CH3)2 およびその塩(例えば酢酸塩)
CH2=CHCOO-CH2CH2-N(-CH3)(-CH2-C6H5) およびその塩(例えば酢酸塩)
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH2CH2-N(-CH2CH3)(-CH2-C6H5)およびその塩(例えば酢酸塩)
CH2=CHCOO-CH2CH2-N+(CH3)3Cl-
CH2=CHCOO-CH2CH2-N+(-CH3)2(-CH2-C6H5)Cl-
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH2CH2-N+(CH3)3Cl-
CH2=CHCOO-CH2CH(OH)CH2-N+(CH3)3Cl-
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH2CH(OH)CH2-N+(CH3)3Cl-
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH2CH(OH)CH2-N+(-CH2CH3)2(-CH2-C6H5)Cl-
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH2CH2-N+(CH3)3Br-
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH2CH2-N+(CH3)3I-
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH2CH2-N+(CH3)3O-SO3CH3
CH2=C(CH3)COO-CH2CH2-N+(CH3)(-CH2-C6H5)2Br-
他の単量体(d)は、単量体(a)、(b)および(c)以外の単量体である。そのような他の単量体としては、エチレン、酢酸ビニル、塩化ビニル、フッ化ビニル、ハロゲン化ビニルスチン、α-メチルスチレン、p-メチルスチレン、ポリオキシアルキレンモノ(メタ)アクリレート、(メタ)アクリルアミド、ジアセトン(メタ)アクリルアミド、メチロール化(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-メチロール(メタ)アクリルアミド、アルキルビニルエーテル、ハロゲン化アルキルビニルエーテル、アルキルビニルケトン、ブタジエン、イソプレン、クロロプレン、グリシジル(メタ)アクリレート、アジリジニル(メタ)アクリレート、ベンジル(メタ)アクリレート、イソシアネートエチル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、イソボルニル(メタ)アクリレート、短鎖アルキル(メタ)アクリレート、無水マレイン酸、ポリジメチルシロキサン基を有する(メタ)アクリレート、N-ビニルカルバゾールが挙げられる。
単量体(b)から形成される繰り返し単位の量は、非フッ素重合体に対して、5~70重量%、好ましくは8~50重量%、より好ましくは10~40重量%であってよい。
単量体(c)から形成される繰り返し単位の量は、非フッ素重合体に対して、0.1~30重量%、好ましくは0.5~20重量%、より好ましくは1~15重量%であってよい。
単量体(d)から形成される繰り返し単位の量は、非フッ素重合体に対して、0~20重量%、例えば1~15重量%、特に2~10重量%であってよい。
本明細書において、「(メタ)アクリル」とは、アクリルまたはメタクリルを意味する。例えば、「(メタ)アクリレート」とは、アクリレートまたはメタクリレートを意味する。
本開示においては、重合(例えば、溶液重合または乳化重合、好ましくは溶液重合)後、水を加えてから脱溶剤して、重合体を水に分散させることが好ましい。乳化剤を加える必要なく、自己分散型の製品を製造することができる。
油溶性重合開始剤の具体例としては、2,2’-アゾビス(2-メチルプロピオニトリル)、2,2’-アゾビス(2-メチルブチロニトリル)、2,2’-アゾビス(2、4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)、2,2’-アゾビス(2、4-ジメチル4-メトキシバレロニトリル)、1,1’-アゾビス(シクロヘキサン-1-カルボニトリル)、ジメチル2,2’-アゾビス(2-メチルプロピオネート)、2,2’-アゾビス(2-イソブチロニトリル)、ベンゾイルパーオキシド、ジ-第三級-ブチルパーオキシド、ラウリルパーオキシド、クメンヒドロパーオキシド、t-ブチルパーオキシピバレート、ジイソプロピルパーオキシジカーボネート、過ピバル酸t-ブチル等が好ましく挙げられる。
重合開始剤は単量体100重量部に対して、0.01~5重量部の範囲で用いられる。
溶液重合では、単量体を有機溶剤に溶解させ、窒素置換後、重合開始剤を添加して、例えば40~120℃の範囲で1~10時間、加熱撹拌する方法が採用される。重合開始剤は、一般に、油溶性重合開始剤であってよい。
油溶性重合開始剤、例えば、2,2’-アゾビス(2-メチルプロピオニトリル)、2,2’-アゾビス(2-メチルブチロニトリル)、2,2’-アゾビス(2、4-ジメチルバレロニトリル)、2,2’-アゾビス(2、4-ジメチル4-メトキシバレロニトリル)、1,1’-アゾビス(シクロヘキサン-1-カルボニトリル)、ジメチル2,2’-アゾビス(2-メチルプロピオネート)、2,2’-アゾビス(2-イソブチロニトリル)、ベンゾイルパーオキシド、ジ-第三級-ブチルパーオキシド、ラウリルパーオキシド、クメンヒドロパーオキシド、t-ブチルパーオキシピバレート、ジイソプロピルパーオキシジカーボネート、過ピバル酸t-ブチルが用いられる。重合開始剤は単量体100重量部に対して、0.01~10重量部の範囲で用いられる。
粒子(2)は、無機粒子または有機粒子の少なくとも一方を含んでなる。粒子(2)は、有機粒子を含んでなることが好ましい。粒子(2)は、無機粒子および有機粒子の両方を含んでなることがさらに好ましい。
無機粒子は、無機物からできている粒子である。無機粒子を構成する無機物の例としては、炭酸カルシウム、タルク、カオリン(および焼成カオリン)、クレー(および焼成クレー)、マイカ、水酸化アルミニウム、硫酸バリウム、ケイ酸カルシウム、硫酸カルシウム、シリカ、炭酸亜鉛、酸化亜鉛、酸化チタン、ベントナイト、ホワイトカーボンが挙げられる。炭酸カルシウム、シリカ、焼成クレーが好ましい。特に炭酸カルシウムが好ましい。
粒子(2)において、カチオン基(特に、両性化スターチまたはカチオン化スターチにおけるカチオン基)は、イオン供与基を有する単量体(c)におけるカチオン基と同様のカチオン基、例えば、アミノ基であってよく、アニオン基(特に、両性化スターチにおけるアニオン基)は、イオン供与基を有する単量体(c)におけるアニオン基と同様のアニオン基、例えば、カルボキシル基、スルホン酸基およびリン酸基であってよい。
粒子(2)の形状は、粉末状、粒状、繊維状、鱗片状などの形状であってよい。
平均粒子径は、粒子の水分散物を用いてレーザー回折による粒度分布測定装置(光散乱理論を応用)によって測定できる。
耐油剤は、非フッ素重合体(1)および粒子(2)以外の他の成分(3)を含んでよい。他の成分(3)の例としては、水性媒体、乳化剤などが挙げられる。
水性媒体は、水、または水と有機溶媒(水と混和性の有機溶媒)の混合物である。水性媒体の量は、非フッ素重合体(1)(必要により、および粒子(2))と水性媒体の合計量に対して、50重量%~99.99重量%であってよい。
乳化剤の量は、非フッ素重合体(1)100重量部に対して、0~30重量部、例えば0.1~10重量部であってよい。
ディスパージョン(エマルション)の形態である場合、非フッ素重合体は、水性媒体に分散している水分散型であって、非フッ素重合体(1)を自己乳化させてもよいし、中和した塩の形で水性媒体に分散させてもよいし、あるいは乳化剤を使用して乳化してもよい。
耐油剤は、従来既知の方法により被処理物に適用することができる。耐油剤は、内添処理により、主として紙の内部に存在する。
被処理物の紙基材としては、紙、紙でできた容器、紙でできた成形体(例えばパルプモールド)などが挙げられる。
非フッ素重合体は、紙基材に良好に付着する。
非フッ素重合体(1)および粒子(2)の量が、パルプ固形分100重量部に対して、0.01~75重量部、例えば0.1~60重量部になるように、耐油剤を使用することが好ましい。
紙は、従来既知の抄造方法によって製造できる。抄造前のパルプスラリーに耐油剤を添加する内添処理方法、または抄造後の紙に耐油剤を適用する外添処理方法を用いることができる。本開示における耐油剤の処理方法は、内添処理方法が好ましい。内添処理において、本開示の耐油剤を使用しても、新しい装置を必要としない。
このように処理された紙は、室温または高温での簡単な乾燥後に、任意に、紙の性質に依存して300℃まで、例えば200℃まで、特に80℃~180℃の温度範囲をとり得る熱処理を伴うことで、優れた耐油性および耐水性を示す。
・水性媒体 89.5~99.89重量%、特に94.5~99.69重量%
・パルプ 0.1~5重量%、特に0.3~2.5重量%
・耐油剤(固形分) 0.00001~1重量%、特に0.0001~0.5重量%
・カチオン性凝結剤(固形分) 0~1重量%、特に0~0.5重量%(添加する場合には、例えば0.00005重量%以上)
・耐水剤(固形分) 0~1重量%、特に0~0.5重量%(添加する場合には、例えば0.00005重量%以上)
なお、上記において、各成分がディスパージョン等の形態である場合には、調合パルプスラリーにおける各成分の固形分の含有割合(全体基準)を示すものとする。
・パルプ 0.1~5.58重量%、特に0.3~2.64重量%
・耐油剤(固形分) 0.001~2.79重量%、特に0.005~1.05重量%
強度向上を目的として、スターチ等の有機粒子を予め水性媒体に溶解させた水溶液をパルプスラリーに添加してパルプモールド製品を得る場合、パルプに対する有機粒子の含有割合が低くても、十分な強度向上効果を得ることができており、パルプに対する有機粒子の含有割合を高くすることは求められていなかった。
・耐油剤(固形分) 0.01~50重量%または0.01~20重量%、特に0.05~10重量%
・カチオン性凝結剤(固形分) 0~20重量%、特に0~10重量%(存在する場合には、例えば0.001重量%以上)
・耐水剤(固形分) 0~20重量%、特に0~10重量%(存在する場合には、例えば0.001重量%以上)
以下において、部、%または比は、特記しない限り、重量部、重量%または重量比を表す。
容器状に成形したパルプモールド製品に90℃の評価液(コーン油)を100ml注ぎ入れ、30分間静置した後に評価液を廃棄して、パルプモールド製品(容器)への評価液の染み具合を下記の基準に従い目視で評価した。
4:パルプモールド容器底の内側に油染みがほぼ見られない
3:パルプモールド容器底の外側に油染みが見られない
2:パルプモールド容器底の外側の面積の5%未満に油染みが見られる
1:パルプモールド容器底の外側の面積の5%以上50%未満に油染みが見られる
0:パルプモールド容器底の外側の面積の50%以上に油染みが見られる
容器状に成形したパルプモールド製品に90℃の評価液(水道水)を100ml注ぎ入れ、30分間静置した後に評価液を廃棄して、パルプモールド製品(容器)への評価液の染み具合を下記の基準に従い目視で評価した。
4:パルプモールド容器底の内側に水の染みがほぼ見られない
3:パルプモールド容器底の外側に水の染みが見られない
2:パルプモールド容器底の外側の面積の5%未満に水の染みが見られる
1:パルプモールド容器底の外側の面積の5%以上50%未満に水の染みが見られる
0:パルプモールド容器底の外側の面積の50%以上に水の染みが見られる
容器状に成形したパルプモールド製品の容器底部の透気度(透気抵抗度)を、株式会社安田精機製作所製の自動ガーレー式デンソーメーター(製品No.323-AUTO、通気孔径直径28.6±0.1mm)を用いてJIS P8117(2009)に準拠して測定した。測定した透気度の値を下記の基準に従い分類して評価した。
評価基準
◎:500秒以上
○:300秒以上
△:100秒以上
×:100秒未満
撹拌装置、温度計、還流冷却器、滴下漏斗、窒素流入口および加熱装置を備えた容積500mlの反応器を用意し、溶媒のメチルエチルケトン(MEK)を100部添加した。続いて、撹拌下、ステアリルアクリレート(StA、融点:30℃)78部、ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート(HEA)16部、およびメタアクリル酸(MAA)6部からなる単量体(単量体計100部)、および開始剤のパーブチルPV(PV)1.2部をこの順に添加し、この混合物を65-75℃の窒素雰囲気下で12時間混合撹拌して共重合を行った。得られた共重合体含有溶液の固形分濃度は50重量%であった。得られた共重合体の分子量をゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーで分析したところ、ポリスチレン換算の質量平均分子量は230,000であった。
後処理として、得られた共重合体溶液の50gに0.3%のNaOH水溶液142gを添加し、分散させた後、エバポレーターを用いて加熱しながら減圧下でMEKを留去し、乳白色の共重合水分散液(揮発性有機溶媒の含有量は1重量%以下)を得た。この水分散液にさらにイオン交換水を加えて固形分濃度15重量%である水分散液を得た。
この共重合体の融点は、48℃であった。
撹拌装置、温度計、還流冷却器、滴下漏斗、窒素流入口および加熱装置を備えた容積500mlの反応器を用意し、溶媒のメチルエチルケトン(MEK)を100部添加した。続いて、撹拌下、ステアリル酸アミドエチルアクリレート(C18AmEA、融点:70℃)を78部、ヒドロキシブチルアクリレート(HBA、Tg:-40℃)を16部、およびジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレート(DM)6部からなる単量体(単量体計100部)、および開始剤のパーブチルPV(PV)1.2部をこの順に添加し、この混合物を65-75℃の窒素雰囲気下で12時間混合撹拌して共重合を行った。得られた共重合体含有溶液の固形分濃度は50重量%であった。
後処理として、得られた共重合体溶液の50gに0.4%の酢酸水溶液142gを添加し、分散させた後、エバポレーターを用いて加熱、減圧下でMEKを留去し、淡褐色の共重合水分散液(揮発性有機溶媒の含有量は1重量%以下)を得た。この水分散液にさらにイオン交換水を加えて固形分濃度15重量%である水分散液を得た。
ろ水度が550cc(カナディアンフリーネス)に、叩解した70部の広葉樹漂白クラフトパルプと30部の針葉樹漂白クラフトパルプとの混合物の0.5重量%の水分散液2400gをかき混ぜながら添加し、次いで炭酸カルシウムを1.2g添加して1分間攪拌し続け、次いで両性化スターチの5%固形分水溶液を2.4g添加して1分間攪拌し続け、次いでアルキルケテンダイマー(AKD)の5%固形分水溶液を0.72g添加して1分間撹拌し続け、次いで合成例2の非フッ素共重合体の水分散液を水で固形分10%に希釈したもの3.6gを添加して撹拌を1分間続けた。
ろ水度が550cc(カナディアンフリーネス)に、叩解した70部の広葉樹漂白クラフトパルプと30部の針葉樹漂白クラフトパルプとの混合物の0.5重量%の水分散液2400gをかき混ぜながら添加し、次いで炭酸カルシウムを0.6g添加して1分間攪拌し続け、次いで粉末状のカチオン化スターチを1.2g添加して1分間攪拌し続け、次いで両性化スターチの5%固形分水溶液を2.4g添加して1分間攪拌し続け、次いでアルキルケテンダイマー(AKD)の5%固形分水溶液を0.72g添加して1分間撹拌し続け、次いで合成例2の非フッ素共重合体の水分散液を水で固形分10%に希釈したもの3.6gを添加して撹拌を1分間続けた。
その後、上記パルプスラリーを用いたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、パルプモールド製品を製造した。得られたパルプモールド製品におけるパルプに対する各成分の含有割合および高温耐油性能、高温耐水性能、透気度を評価した結果を表1に示す。
実施例2における炭酸カルシウムを1.2g添加すること、粉末状のカチオン化スターチを2.4g添加することの他は、実施例1と同様に実験を行った。得られたパルプモールド製品におけるパルプに対する各成分の含有割合および高温耐油性能、高温耐水性能、透気度を評価した結果を表1に示す。
実施例3における合成例2の非フッ素共重合体の水分散液を水で固形分10%に希釈したものを2.4g添加することの他は、実施例1と同様に実験を行った。得られたパルプモールド製品におけるパルプに対する各成分の含有割合および高温耐油性能、高温耐水性能、透気度を評価した結果を表1に示す。
実施例4における粉末状のカチオン化スターチを4.8g添加することの他は、実施例1と同様に実験を行った。得られたパルプモールド製品におけるパルプに対する各成分の含有割合および高温耐油性能、高温耐水性能、透気度を評価した結果を表1に示す。
実施例5における炭酸カルシウムを添加しないこと、合成例2の非フッ素共重合体の水分散液を水で固形分10%に希釈したものを3.6g添加することの他は、実施例1と同様に実験を行った。得られたパルプモールド製品におけるパルプに対する各成分の含有割合および高温耐油性能、高温耐水性能、透気度を評価した結果を表1に示す。
実施例5における両性化スターチの5%固形分水溶液を添加しないこと、アルキルケテンダイマー(AKD)の5%固形分水溶液を添加しないことの他は、実施例1と同様に実験を行った。得られたパルプモールド製品におけるパルプに対する各成分の含有割合および高温耐油性能、高温耐水性能、透気度を評価した結果を表1に示す。
実施例1における炭酸カルシウムを0.6g添加することの他は、実施例1と同様に実験を行った。得られたパルプモールド製品におけるパルプに対する各成分の含有割合および高温耐油性能、高温耐水性能、透気度を評価した結果を表1に示す。
実施例8における合成例2の非フッ素共重合体の水分散液を水で固形分10%に希釈したもの3.6gを添加して1分間撹拌し続け、次いで合成例1の非フッ素共重合体の水分散液を水で固形分10%に希釈したもの6.0gを添加して撹拌を1分間続けた他は、実施例1と同様に実験を行った。得られたパルプモールド製品におけるパルプに対する各成分の含有割合および高温耐油性能、高温耐水性能、透気度を評価した結果を表1に示す。
実施例3におけるアルキルケテンダイマー(AKD)の5%固形分水溶液を添加しないことの他は、実施例1と同様に実験を行った。得られたパルプモールド製品におけるパルプに対する各成分の含有割合および高温耐油性能、高温耐水性能、透気度を評価した結果を表1に示す。
実施例1における炭酸カルシウムを添加しないこと、合成例2の非フッ素共重合体の水分散液を水で固形分10%に希釈したものに代えて、スチレン-ブタジエン系ラテックスを水で固形分10%に希釈したもの3.6gを添加することの他は、実施例1と同様に実験を行った。得られたパルプモールド製品におけるパルプに対する各成分の含有割合および高温耐油性能、高温耐水性能、透気度を評価した結果を表1に示す。
実施例2における合成例2の非フッ素共重合体の水分散液を水で固形分10%に希釈したものに代えて、スチレン-ブタジエン系ラテックスを水で固形分10%に希釈したもの3.6gを添加することの他は、実施例1と同様に実験を行った。得られたパルプモールド製品におけるパルプに対する各成分の含有割合および高温耐油性能、高温耐水性能、透気度を評価した結果を表1に示す。
Claims (19)
- (1)非フッ素重合体、および
(2)無機粒子または有機粒子から選択された少なくとも1種の粒子、
を含んでなる、紙の内部に添加される紙用耐油剤であって、
粒子(2)の量が、非フッ素重合体(1)と粒子(2)の合計重量に対して、1~99.9重量%である紙用耐油剤。 - 非フッ素重合体(1)が、アクリル系重合体である請求項1に記載の紙用耐油剤。
- 非フッ素重合体が、長鎖炭化水素基を有するアクリル単量体(a)から形成された繰り返し単位を有する非フッ素重合体であり、
長鎖炭化水素基を有するアクリル単量体(a)が、式:
CH2=C(-X1)-C(=O)-Y1(R1)k
[式中、R1は、それぞれ独立的に、炭素数7~40の炭化水素基であり、
X1は、水素原子、一価の有機基またはハロゲン原子であり、
Y1は、2価~4価の炭素数1の炭化水素基、-C6H4-、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-または-NH-から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上で構成される基(但し、炭化水素基を除く)であり、
kは1~3である。]
で示される単量体である請求項1または2に記載の紙用耐油剤。 - 長鎖炭化水素基を有するアクリル単量体(a)において、X1が水素原子またはメチル基である請求項3に記載の紙用耐油剤。
- 長鎖炭化水素基を有するアクリル単量体(a)において、長鎖炭化水素基の炭素数が18以上である請求項3または4のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤。
- 長鎖炭化水素基を有するアクリル単量体(a)が、
(a1)式:
CH2=C(-X4)-C(=O)-Y2-R2
[式中、R2は、炭素数7~40の炭化水素基であり、
X4は、水素原子、一価の有機基またはハロゲン原子であり、
Y2は、-O-または-NH-である。]
で示されるアクリル単量体、および/または
(a2)式:
CH2=C(-X5)-C(=O)-Y3-Z(-Y4-R3)n
[式中、R3は、それぞれ独立的に、炭素数7~40の炭化水素基であり、
X5は、水素原子、一価の有機基またはハロゲン原子であり、
Y3は、-O-または-NH-であり、
Y4は、それぞれ独立的に、直接結合、-O-、-C(=O)-、-S(=O)2-または-NH-から選ばれる少なくとも1つ以上で構成される基であり、
Zは、直接結合、2価または3価の炭素数1~5の炭化水素基であり、
nは、1または2である。]
で示されるアクリル単量体である請求項3~5のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤。 - 親水性基を有するアクリル単量体(b)が、式:
CH2=CX2C(=O)-O-(RO)n-X3 (b1)、
CH2=CX2C(=O)-O-(RO)n-C(=O)CX2=CH2 (b2)、または
CH2=CX2C(=O)-NH-(RO)n-X3 (b3)
[式中、X2は、水素原子またはメチル基、
X3は、水素原子または炭素数1~22の不飽和または飽和の炭化水素基
Rは、各々独立に炭素数2~6のアルキレン基、nは、1~90の整数である。]
で表わされる少なくとも1つのオキシアルキレン(メタ)アクリレートである、請求項3~6のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤。 - 非フッ素重合体が
単量体(a)および(b)以外の、オレフィン性炭素-炭素二重結合、およびアニオン性供与基またはカチオン性供与基を有する単量体(c)から形成される繰り返し単位
をさらに含む請求項3~7のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤。 - アニオン供与基がカルボキシル基、またはカチオン供与基がアミノ基である請求項8に記載の紙用耐油剤。
- 長鎖炭化水素基を有するアクリル単量体(a)から形成される繰り返し単位の量が、共重合体に対して30~90重量%であり、親水性基を有するアクリル単量体(b)から形成される繰り返し単位の量が、共重合体に対して5~70重量%である請求項3~9のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤。
- 無機粒子が、炭酸カルシウム、タルク、カオリン、クレー、マイカ、水酸化アルミニウム、硫酸バリウム、ケイ酸カルシウム、硫酸カルシウム、シリカ、炭酸亜鉛、酸化亜鉛、酸化チタン、ベントナイト、ホワイトカーボンから選択された少なくとも1種以上からできており、
有機粒子が、多糖類、熱可塑性樹脂から選択された少なくとも1種からできている請求項1~10のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤。 - 有機粒子が40℃で水に不溶性である請求項1~11のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤。
- 無機粒子が炭酸カルシウムであり、有機粒子がスターチである請求項1~12のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤。
- 粒子(2)が有機粒子を含んでなる請求項1~13のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤。
- 紙用耐油剤が水または水と有機溶媒の混合物である液状媒体をさらに含んでなる請求項1~14のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤。
- 請求項1~15のいずれかに記載の紙用耐油剤を紙の内部に含む耐油紙。
- パルプモールド製品である請求項16に記載の耐油紙。
- 食品包装材または食品容器である請求項16または17に記載の耐油紙。
- パルプが水性媒体中に分散したスラリーに、請求項1~15のいずれかに記載の耐油剤を添加して調合パルプスラリーを調製し、耐油紙中間体を抄造し、脱水し、その後、乾燥させて耐油紙を得ることを含む耐油紙の製造方法。
Priority Applications (5)
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JP2021522830A JP7299526B2 (ja) | 2019-05-28 | 2020-05-27 | 紙用耐油剤 |
EP20814375.0A EP3978683A4 (en) | 2019-05-28 | 2020-05-27 | OIL RESISTANT AGENT FOR PAPER |
CN202080038255.0A CN113891972A (zh) | 2019-05-28 | 2020-05-27 | 纸用耐油剂 |
KR1020217038130A KR20220002428A (ko) | 2019-05-28 | 2020-05-27 | 종이용 내유제 |
US17/456,739 US20220081842A1 (en) | 2019-05-28 | 2021-11-29 | Oil-resistant agent for paper |
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US17/456,739 Continuation US20220081842A1 (en) | 2019-05-28 | 2021-11-29 | Oil-resistant agent for paper |
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PCT/JP2020/020972 WO2020241709A1 (ja) | 2019-05-28 | 2020-05-27 | 紙用耐油剤 |
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US (1) | US20220081842A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3978683A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP7299526B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20220002428A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN113891972A (ja) |
TW (1) | TW202106949A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2020241709A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
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WO2022080464A1 (ja) * | 2020-10-15 | 2022-04-21 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 耐油剤および耐油組成物 |
WO2023282302A1 (ja) | 2021-07-08 | 2023-01-12 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 耐油剤組成物 |
WO2023282305A1 (ja) | 2021-07-08 | 2023-01-12 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 耐油剤組成物 |
CN115926073A (zh) * | 2022-12-02 | 2023-04-07 | 西南石油大学 | 一种纳米碳酸钙改性丙烯酰胺两性共聚物及其制备方法 |
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CN114573767B (zh) * | 2022-03-10 | 2023-02-28 | 北京马普新材料有限公司 | 共聚物、纸张用处理剂和纸制品 |
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EP3978683A4 (en) | 2023-05-10 |
US20220081842A1 (en) | 2022-03-17 |
KR20220002428A (ko) | 2022-01-06 |
JP7299526B2 (ja) | 2023-06-28 |
JPWO2020241709A1 (ja) | 2020-12-03 |
CN113891972A (zh) | 2022-01-04 |
EP3978683A1 (en) | 2022-04-06 |
TW202106949A (zh) | 2021-02-16 |
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