WO2020237578A1 - 快门装置及摄影装置 - Google Patents

快门装置及摄影装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020237578A1
WO2020237578A1 PCT/CN2019/089308 CN2019089308W WO2020237578A1 WO 2020237578 A1 WO2020237578 A1 WO 2020237578A1 CN 2019089308 W CN2019089308 W CN 2019089308W WO 2020237578 A1 WO2020237578 A1 WO 2020237578A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
shutter
cam
cam ring
ring
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/089308
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王雨浓
Original Assignee
深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2019/089308 priority Critical patent/WO2020237578A1/zh
Priority to CN201980007766.3A priority patent/CN111566555B/zh
Publication of WO2020237578A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020237578A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B9/00—Exposure-making shutters; Diaphragms
    • G03B9/08—Shutters
    • G03B9/10—Blade or disc rotating or pivoting about axis normal to its plane
    • G03B9/18—More than two members
    • G03B9/22—More than two members each moving in one direction to open and then in opposite direction to close, e.g. iris type

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of optical imaging, in particular, to a shutter device and a photographing device.
  • the inter-lens shutters used in SLR lenses are relatively large, and the driving speed is difficult to meet the requirements of use due to the limitation of the shutter structure.
  • This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.
  • one aspect of the present application proposes a shutter device.
  • Another aspect of the present application provides a photographing device.
  • a shutter device including a base, a cam ring, a shutter blade, an elastic member, and a driving device.
  • the base is provided with a light hole;
  • the cam ring is provided on the base, and the cam ring includes The ring body and the cams connected to the inner wall of the ring body. All cams are distributed along the circumference of the ring body.
  • Each cam includes at least two sections.
  • the height of the cam protruding from the inner wall of the ring body toward the center of the ring body is taken as the height of the cam ,
  • the height of the cam varies in different sections; the shutter blades are connected to the base in rotation, the rotation axis of the shutter blades is parallel to the axis of the ring body, the number of shutter blades is equal to the number of cams, and the shutter blades abut the cam; the elastic member is connected Between the base and the shutter blades; the driving device is used to drive the cam ring to rotate relative to the base. During the rotation of the cam ring, all the shutter blades cover the light hole or avoid under the combined action of the thrust of the cam and the pulling force of the elastic member Light hole.
  • the shutter device provided by the embodiment of the present application can not only meet the functional requirements of rapid response, but also has a small size.
  • the cam ring rotates relative to the base under the action of the driving device, and the cam abuts against the shutter blades.
  • the shutter blade can be pushed to rotate, and the shutter blade elongates the elastic member during the rotation, so that the elastic member has a resetting force (ie, elastic restoring force) to pull the shutter blade back to its original position, thereby making the shutter The blade presses against the cam ring.
  • the shutter device can jointly control the rotation of the shutter blade toward the light hole or away from the light hole by means of the pushing force of the cam and the pulling force of the elastic member, so as to realize the opening and closing of the light hole by the shutter blade, that is, the shutter opening and closing.
  • the shutter blade when the shutter is closed, all the shutter blades rotate to cover the light hole together, rather than a single shutter blade covering the entire light hole, which can reduce the amount and size of rotation of each shutter blade.
  • the shutter device has a small size and a small installation space requirement, which can meet the volume requirements of the shutter between the mirrors.
  • driving only the driving device needs to drive the cam ring to rotate, which is easy to implement and has high reliability, which meets the functional requirements.
  • the shutter device in the above technical solution provided by this application may also have the following additional technical features:
  • the shutter device further includes a blade rotation shaft, which is arranged on the base and located outside the cam ring; the shutter blade includes a blade body and a protrusion, and the blade body is rotatably connected with the blade rotation shaft; the protrusion It is arranged on the blade body and located on the inner side of the cam ring.
  • the convex part can contact the cam. When the cam pushes the convex part to move toward the center of the cam ring, the elastic member is elongated.
  • connection relationship between the shutter blade and the base and the matching relationship between the shutter blade and the cam and the elastic member are specifically defined.
  • the shutter blade is rotatably connected with the base through the blade rotation shaft, so that the rotation axis is located outside the cam ring, and the blade body can rotate inside the cam ring to realize the shutter opening and closing.
  • the protrusion and the cam are on the same horizontal plane, and the blade body can be on a different horizontal plane, so that the cam does not need to directly push the blade body, which helps to set a reasonable matching point as needed (That is, the position of the protrusion), and the peripheral structure of the blade body is concise.
  • the blade body can rotate in the corresponding direction.
  • the elastic member only needs to be stretched, and the cam can push the protrusion to the highest point.
  • the shutter blade is pulled back by the elastic restoring force, so as to realize the rotation in the other direction, which ensures that the thrust of the cam and the pulling force of the elastic member can function normally to realize the shutter opening and closing.
  • the elastic member is connected to the protrusion.
  • the existing protrusions are used to directly connect the elastic element, and there is no need to provide other connecting structures on the blade body, and it is also unnecessary to connect the elastic element directly with the blade body to break the structural strength of the blade body. Help simplify structure and improve product reliability.
  • the blade body includes a transmission blade and a switch blade
  • the transmission blade is rotatably connected with the blade rotation shaft, the protrusion is provided on the transmission blade, and the transmission blade avoids the light hole; the switch blade and the transmission blade Connected, when the shutter blade is in the first position covering the light hole, the switch blade blocks a part of the light hole.
  • the blade body is divided into transmission blades and switch blades, and the protrusions are arranged on the transmission blades close to the blade rotation axis, which can reduce the rotation radius of the protrusions and reduce the cam facing ring accordingly.
  • the height of the center of the body helps simplify the structure, reduce the weight of the product, and save materials; on the other hand, because the cam is far away from the switch blade, the cam will not extend into the light hole to cause obstruction, ensuring the normal operation of the shutter.
  • the transmission blade and the switch blade are integrally formed, and here is a regional division for the convenience of distinguishing different functions.
  • the blade body when the shutter blade is in the first position, the blade body extends from the end connected to the blade rotation shaft toward the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the cam ring, and then toward the center of the cam ring The direction is bent and extended.
  • the part before the bending of the blade body is the transmission blade, and the part after the bending of the blade body is the switch blade; all the cams are evenly spaced along the circumference of the ring body.
  • the transmission blade extends from the end connected to the blade rotation axis toward the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the cam ring, and the switch blade extends toward the center of the cam ring to block the light hole In part of the area, all switch blades cover the light hole.
  • the cam pushes the protrusion to move toward the center of the cam ring, and the drive blade rotates accordingly, driving the switch blade away from the center of the cam ring, and the elastic member is elongated at the same time.
  • the shutter blade rotates to the second position, the protrusion moves to the highest point of the cam, and the switch blade completely moves out of the light hole, realizing the opening of the shutter.
  • the cam ring continues to rotate. As the height of the cam drops, the cam can no longer push the protrusion to remain in the second position.
  • the shutter blade rotates to the first position under the pulling force of the elastic member, and the switch blade moves toward the center of the cam ring When the switch blade reaches the first position, it completely covers the light hole and realizes the closing of the shutter. So far, a periodic action of the shutter blade moving from closing to opening and then to closing is completed. After that, the convex part of the shutter blade is located in the interval area between two adjacent cams.
  • the interval area can be understood as an arc of equal radius, which can make the shutter blade have a certain deceleration interval when the shutter blade is closed.
  • the shutter blade is always in the first position, that is, always in the closed state. If the cam ring continues to rotate, when the protrusion moves to the next cam, the shutter can be opened again and enter the next cycle of shutter opening and closing. Each cam can make the shutter blade complete one cycle of action. If the cam ring continuously rotates one circle, it can complete the same number of cycle actions as the number of cams. For example, when the number of cams is four, four cycle actions can be completed. , By driving the cam ring to continuously rotate, high-speed continuous shooting can be achieved.
  • the cam includes a first segment and a second segment that are sequentially connected in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the cam ring.
  • the end where the first segment is located is the head end, and the second segment is located One end is the tail end, the height of the first section gradually increases from the head end to the end, and the height of the second section is equal everywhere.
  • the shape of the cam is limited. Under the transmission of the cam shape on the cam ring, the shutter blade can make a certain regular movement around the blade rotation axis. Specifically, the first segment and the second segment are arranged in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the cam ring. During the rotation of the cam ring, the shutter blade first contacts the first segment and then transitions to the second segment. One end is the head end, and the second end is the tail end. According to the requirements of the shutter device, it is necessary to complete the operation of the shutter blade from opening to closing within a certain period of time. Therefore, the shape of the cam is designed such that the first section of the cam ring is in the process from closing to opening to closing of the shutter blade.
  • the function is that when the cam ring rotates, the shutter blade is in the same position and remains unchanged. It can provide a period of acceleration when the shutter blade is closed. When the cam ring accelerates, the shutter blade is always open. .
  • the height change rate of the first section gradually increases from the head end to the tail end.
  • the height change rate of the first section gradually increases from the head end to the tail end, that is, the speed of the height increase becomes faster and faster, so that the contour line of the first section is recessed to the outside of the ring body , Can reduce the resistance of the raised part during the ascent of the first section, and further reduce the load of the driving device.
  • the cam further includes a third section connected to the second section, and during the rotation of the cam ring, there is a distance between the protrusion and the third section.
  • the cam further includes a third section connected to the end of the second section, and the height of the third section is rapidly reduced, so that the protrusion cannot directly contact the third section, which may cause the shutter blade to act on the elastic member Down, rotate directly to the first position, and complete the action of closing the shutter in a short time, so as to achieve a higher shutter speed and a faster shutter time.
  • the corresponding arc length of the third section on the ring body can be shortened, so as to fully increase the height change rate of the third section.
  • the driving device includes a motor and a gear transmission member, the gear transmission member is connected with the output end of the motor, the gear transmission member is provided with first transmission teeth; the outer peripheral wall of the ring body is provided with continuous distribution The second transmission tooth, the second transmission tooth meshes with the first transmission tooth.
  • the driving solution of the cam ring is specifically defined.
  • the motor drives the gear transmission member to move, and then drives the cam ring to rotate through the engagement of the first transmission tooth and the second transmission tooth.
  • the contact point of the transmission is located on the outer peripheral wall of the cam ring and will not extend into the cam ring, ensuring a smooth hole Unobstructed.
  • the elastic member is a tension spring
  • the shutter device further includes an eccentric pin, arranged on the base, and one end of the tension spring is connected to the eccentric pin.
  • a tension spring as an elastic member is connected to an eccentric pin fixed on the periphery of the base, and the pretension adjustment can be performed by the eccentric pin. Specifically, by rotating the eccentric pin, the end wire of the tension spring can be wound on the eccentric pin or withdrawn from the eccentric pin to adjust the initial extension of the tension spring, so that multiple shutter devices can be adjusted.
  • the consistency of the tension spring improves the stability and reliability of the shutter opening and closing process.
  • the shutter device further includes a reinforcing substrate attached to the shutter blade.
  • the strength of the shutter blade can be enhanced under the rapid opening and closing action of the shutter blade, and its damage can be avoided.
  • the reinforcing substrate is adhered to the shutter blade.
  • the shutter blade further includes a reinforcement substrate attached to the blade body, the reinforcement substrate and the protrusion are located on the same side of the blade body, and the reinforcement substrate simultaneously connects the blade rotation shaft and the protrusion.
  • the shutter blade further includes a reinforced substrate attached to the blade body, which can increase the strength of the shutter blade during the rapid opening and closing actions of the shutter blade, and avoid damage.
  • a reinforced substrate attached to the blade body, which can increase the strength of the shutter blade during the rapid opening and closing actions of the shutter blade, and avoid damage.
  • the shutter device further includes a limiting part, which is arranged on the base and located outside the cam ring.
  • a limiting part which is arranged on the base and located outside the cam ring.
  • a limit part located outside the cam ring is also provided on the base.
  • the cam ring further includes a circumferential limiting protrusion located on the side of the ring body facing the base, the circumferential limiting protrusion extends along the circumferential direction of the ring body; the base is also provided with a circumferential The circumferential limiting groove is embedded in the circumferential limiting groove, and the circumferential limiting groove is matched with the circumferential limiting protrusion.
  • the ring body and the base with suitable circumferential limiting protrusions and circumferential limiting grooves, respectively, the circumferential matching of the two can be realized, and the cam ring is restricted from always performing circumferentially relative to the base. Rotation in the opposite direction avoids the displacement of the cam ring caused by an error in the cooperation between the driving device and the cam ring, and ensures the reliability of the shutter device.
  • the thickness of the ring body needs to be set thinner, while the thickness of the base as the carrier is relatively thick.
  • the ring body By opening the circumferential limit groove on the base, the ring body is added
  • the circumferential limit protrusion can reduce the structural damage to the ring body, ensure that the ring body is reliable in strength during long-term rotation, and is not easily damaged, which improves the reliability of the product and prolongs the service life of the product.
  • a photographing device including a lens assembly, a body, and the shutter device according to any one of the above technical solutions provided on the body, so that it has all the beneficial effects of the shutter device. This will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a shutter device in an open state according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 shows a top view of the shutter device in an open state according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 3 shows a front view of the shutter device in an open state according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a shutter device in a closed state according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 5 shows a top view of the shutter device in a closed state according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the shutter device in an open state according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 7 shows a top view of the transmission structure of the shutter device in an open state according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 8 shows a bottom view of the transmission structure of the shutter device in an open state according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 9 shows a front view of the transmission structure of the shutter device in an open state according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 10 shows a top view of the cam ring of an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 11 shows a bottom view of the cam ring of an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic diagram of the cam shape of the cam ring and the movement track of the protrusion when the shutter blade is closed according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 13 shows a schematic structural diagram of an eccentric pin according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • an embodiment of one aspect of the present application provides a shutter device, including a base 10, a cam ring 20, a shutter blade 30, an elastic member (such as a tension spring 40), and a driving device 50.
  • the base 10 is provided with a light hole 12;
  • the cam ring 20 is set on the base 10,
  • the cam ring 20 includes a ring body 22 and a cam 24 connected to the inner wall of the ring body 22, all cams 24 are distributed along the circumference of the ring body 22, each
  • the cam 24 includes at least two sections. The height of the cam 24 protruding from the inner wall of the ring body 22 toward the center of the ring body 22 is taken as the height of the cam 24.
  • the height of the cam 24 varies in different sections; the shutter blade 30 rotates with the base 10 Connected, the axis of rotation of the shutter blade 30 is parallel to the axis of the ring body 22, the number of shutter blades 30 is equal to the number of the cam 24, the shutter blade 30 abuts the cam 24; the tension spring 40 is connected between the base 10 and the shutter blade 30
  • the driving device 50 is used to drive the cam ring 20 to rotate relative to the base 10. During the rotation of the cam ring 20, all the shutter blades 30 cover the light hole 12 under the combined action of the thrust of the cam 24 and the tension of the tension spring 40 Or avoid the light hole 12.
  • the shutter device provided by the embodiment of the present application can not only meet the functional requirements of rapid response, but also has a small size.
  • the cam ring 20 and the tension spring 40 By setting the cam ring 20 and the tension spring 40, the cam ring 20 rotates relative to the base 10 under the action of the driving device 50, and the cam 24 abuts against the shutter blade 30. As the height of the cam 24 increases, the shutter blade 30 can be pushed to rotate. The shutter blade 30 elongates the tension spring 40 during the rotation, so that the tension spring 40 has the ability to stretch the shutter blade 30
  • the return pulling force ie, elastic restoring force
  • the shutter device can use the thrust of the cam 24 and the tension of the tension spring 40 to jointly control the rotation of the shutter blade 30 toward the light hole 12 or away from the light hole 12, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the shutter blade 30 to the light hole 12, that is, the shutter opens close.
  • the rotation amount and size of each shutter blade 30 can be reduced.
  • the shutter device has a small size and a small installation space requirement, which can meet the volume requirements of the shutter between the mirrors.
  • driving only the driving device 50 drives the cam ring 20 to rotate, which is easy to implement and has high reliability, which meets the functional requirements.
  • the number of the cam 24 and the shutter blade 30 is four. It is understandable that, in order to ensure that the shutter blades 30 do not interfere with each other during the shutter opening and closing process, the shutter blades 30 can be set at different heights, such as FIGS. 1, 2, 4, and 5. As shown, the upper, left, right, and lower four shutter blades 30 are respectively marked as the first shutter blade 30a, the second shutter blade 30b, the third shutter blade 30c, and the fourth shutter blade 30d, and their heights are The above sequence gradually decreases.
  • each shutter blade 30 is connected with a tension spring 40
  • each shutter blade 30 can be connected with one tension spring 40, that is, the number of the two is equal, or each shutter blade 30 can be connected with two or more The extension spring 40.
  • the shutter device is an inter-mirror shutter.
  • the shutter device further includes a blade rotating shaft 60, which is arranged on the base 10 and located outside the cam ring 20; the shutter blade 30 includes a blade body 32 and a protrusion 34.
  • the blade body 32 Rotatingly connected with the blade rotation shaft 60; the raised portion 34 is provided on the blade body 32 and is located inside the cam ring 20, the raised portion 34 can contact the cam 24, and the cam 24 pushes the raised portion 34 toward the cam ring 20 During the movement in the center direction, the tension spring 40 is elongated.
  • connection relationship between the shutter blade 30 and the base 10 and the mating relationship between the shutter blade 30 and the cam 24 and the tension spring 40 are specifically defined.
  • the shutter blade 30 is rotatably connected with the base 10 via the blade rotation shaft 60 so that its rotation axis is located outside the cam ring 20, and the blade body 32 can rotate inside the cam ring 20 to realize shutter opening and closing.
  • the protrusion 34 is used to achieve the cooperation with the cam 24.
  • the protrusion 34 and the cam 24 are at the same level, and the blade body 32 can be at a different level, so that the cam 24 does not have to directly push the blade body 32, which helps A reasonable matching point (ie, the position of the protrusion 34) is set as required, and the peripheral structure of the blade body 32 is simplified.
  • the blade body 32 can rotate in the corresponding direction.
  • the tension spring 40 only needs to be stretched, and the cam 24 can be convex.
  • the shutter blade 30 is pulled back by the elastic restoring force, thereby realizing another direction of rotation, ensuring that the pushing force of the cam 24 and the pulling force of the extension spring 40 can function normally to realize the shutter opening and closing.
  • the extension spring 40 is connected to the boss 34.
  • the existing protrusion 34 is used to directly connect the tension spring 40, and there is no need to provide other connecting structures on the blade body 32, and it is also unnecessary to connect the tension spring 40 directly to the blade body 32 to break
  • the structural strength of the bowl blade body 32 helps simplify the structure and improve product reliability.
  • the shutter blade 30 also includes a bearing 36 sleeved on the boss 34 and matched with it.
  • the bearing 36 contacts the cam 24 to help share the load of the boss 34.
  • the damage to the protrusion 34 is reduced, the reliability of the product is improved, and the service life of the product is prolonged.
  • the bearing 36 and the boss 34 are an integral structure.
  • the blade body 32 includes a transmission blade 322 and a switch blade 324.
  • the transmission blade 322 is rotatably connected to the blade rotation shaft 60, and the protrusion 34 is provided on the transmission blade 322.
  • the blade 322 avoids the light hole 12;
  • the switch blade 324 is connected to the transmission blade 322.
  • the switch blade 324 shields a part of the light hole 12.
  • the blade body 32 is divided into the transmission blade 322 and the switch blade 324, and the protrusion 34 is arranged on the transmission blade 322 close to the blade rotation shaft 60, so that the turning radius of the protrusion 34 can be reduced.
  • the height of the cam 24 protruding toward the center of the ring body 22 is correspondingly reduced.
  • this helps simplify the structure, reduce the weight of the product, and save materials; on the other hand, because the cam 24 is far away from the switch blade 324, the cam 24 will not extend into the light hole 12 and block it, ensuring the normal operation of the shutter.
  • the transmission blade 322 and the switch blade 324 are integrally formed, and here is a regional division for the convenience of distinguishing different functions.
  • the blade body 32 faces the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the cam ring 20 from the end connected to the blade rotation shaft 60
  • the part before the bending of the blade body 32 is the transmission blade 322, and the part after the bending of the blade body 32 is the switch blade 324; all the cams 24 follow the circumference of the ring body 22
  • the cam 24 pushes the shutter blade 30 to rotate from the first position to the second position avoiding the light hole 12, and the tension spring 40 pulls the shutter blade 30 to rotate back from the second position.
  • the first position is the cam 24 pushes the shutter blade 30 to rotate from the first position to the second position avoiding the light hole 12, and the tension spring 40 pulls the shutter blade 30 to rotate back from the second position.
  • the transmission blade 322 extends from the end connected to the blade rotation shaft 60 toward the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the cam ring 20, and the switch blade 324 faces the center of the cam ring 20 It extends in the direction to block a part of the light hole 12, and all the switch blades 324 cover the light hole 12 together.
  • the cam ring 20 rotates, the cam 24 pushes the protrusion 34 to move toward the center of the cam ring 20, and the transmission blade 322 rotates accordingly, driving the switch blade 324 away from the center of the cam ring 20, and the tension spring 40 is simultaneously elongated .
  • the cam ring 20 rotates counterclockwise.
  • the convex portion 34 of the shutter blade 30 is located in the interval area between the two adjacent cams 24.
  • the interval area can be understood as an arc of equal radius, which can make the shutter blade 30 have a certain deceleration interval when the shutter blade 30 is closed.
  • the cam ring When rotating at a reduced speed, the shutter blade 30 is always in the first position, that is, always in a closed state. If the cam ring 20 continues to rotate, when the protrusion 34 moves to the next cam 24, the shutter can be opened again, and the next cycle of shutter opening and closing is entered. Each cam 24 can make the shutter blade 30 complete a cycle. If the cam ring 20 continuously rotates one circle, it can complete the same number of cycles as the cams 24. For example, when the number of cams 24 is four, it can be After four cycles are completed, high-speed continuous shooting can be achieved by driving the cam ring 20 to continuously rotate.
  • the proportion of the arc length corresponding to the ring body 22 on the ring body 22 of the spaced cams 24 is not high. , which helps to save materials and reduce product weight.
  • the specific ratio can be calculated according to the actual structure of the shutter device.
  • the blade body 32 may not be bent, and the driving method at this time is just the opposite of the previous embodiment.
  • the cam 24 pushes the shutter blade 30 to rotate from the second position to the first position to realize the shutter closing and stretching.
  • the spring 40 pulls the shutter blade 30 to rotate from the second position to the first position to realize the shutter opening.
  • the corresponding arc length of the cam 24 on the ring body 22 occupies the ring body The ratio of 22 circumference is higher.
  • the cam 24 includes a first section 242 and a second section 244 that are sequentially connected in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the cam ring 20, with the end where the first section 242 is located. As the head end, the end where the second segment 244 is located is the tail end. The height of the first segment 242 gradually increases from the head end to the tail end, and the height of the second segment 244 is equal everywhere.
  • the shape of the cam 24 is limited. Under the transmission of the shape of the cam 24 on the cam ring 20, the shutter blade 30 can make a certain regular movement around the blade rotation axis 60. Specifically, the first segment 242 and the second segment 244 are sequentially arranged in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the cam ring 20. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, when the cam ring 20 rotates in the counterclockwise direction, the first segment is arranged in the clockwise direction. The first section 242 and the second section 244, during the rotation of the cam ring 20, the shutter blade 30 first contacts the first section 242 and then transitions to the second section 244. The end where the first section 242 is located is the head end. The end where the second section 244 is located is the tail end.
  • the shape of the cam 24 is designed such that during the process of the shutter blade 30 from closing to opening to closing, the cam ring 20 The height of the first section 242 gradually rises, and its shape is relatively slow.
  • the shutter blade 30 slowly opens, which can make the shutter blade 30 and the tension spring 40 slowly accumulate energy and reduce the load of the driving device 50; the second part of the cam ring 20 If the section 244 is set to a constant height, the second section 244 is a circular arc of equal radius.
  • the cam ring 20 rotates, the shutter blade 30 is in the same position and remains unchanged, which can provide a period of acceleration when the shutter blade 30 is closed.
  • the shutter blade 30 is always in an open state. It can be understood that by controlling the corresponding arc length of the second segment 244 on the ring body 22 and the rotation speed of the cam ring 20, the length of time the shutter remains open can be controlled.
  • the height change rate of the first section 242 gradually increases from the head end to the tail end.
  • the height change rate of the first section 242 gradually increases from the head end to the tail end, that is, the speed of the height increase becomes faster and faster, so that the contour line of the first section 242 is directed toward the ring body 22.
  • the outer side of the sag can reduce the resistance of the raised portion 34 during the ascent of the first section 242, and further reduce the load of the driving device 50.
  • the shape of the first section 242 can be optimized according to the torque requirements of the driving device 50. For example, as shown in FIG. 10, the first section 242 is further divided into two sections, which account for the height change of the front section 242a of the main body.
  • the rate gradually increases from the head end to the tail end, and the height change rate of a small section of the rear section 242b in the rear gradually decreases from the head end to the end, so that the contour line of the rear section 242b protrudes toward the inner side of the ring body 22, which can be compared with
  • the second segment 244 is smoothly connected, and the load of the driving device 50 is further reduced, so that the shutter blade 30 opens slowly, and the tension spring 40 slowly stretches and stores energy.
  • the cam 24 further includes a third section 246 connected to the second section 244. As shown in FIG. 12, during the rotation of the cam ring 20, the convex portion There is a gap between 34 and the third section 246.
  • the cam 24 further includes a third section 246 connected to the rear end of the second section 244, and the height of the third section 246 is rapidly reduced.
  • L is a protrusion during closing of the shutter blade 30. It can be seen from the movement trajectory curve of the part 34 that there is a distance between the convex part 34 and the third section 246 of the cam 24 during this process, that is, the convex part 34 cannot directly contact the third section 246, which may cause the shutter blade 30 Under the action of the tension spring 40, it directly rotates to the first position, and the action of closing the shutter is completed in a short time, thereby achieving a higher shutter speed and a faster shutter time.
  • the corresponding arc length of the third section 246 on the ring body 22 can be shortened to fully increase the rate of change of the height of the third section 246. It is understandable that although the protrusion 34 of the shutter blade 30 cannot directly contact the third section 246 when this solution is adopted, the time for the protrusion 34 to pass through the third section 246 is extremely short, and the shutter blade 30 is always pulling.
  • the extension spring 40 approaches the cam 24 under the pulling force of the extension spring 40, so it can still be considered that the shutter blade 30 abuts the cam 24 from the perspective of the overall structure.
  • the driving device 50 includes a motor 52 and a gear transmission member (such as a gear 54).
  • the gear 54 is connected to the output end of the motor 52, and the gear 54 is provided with a first transmission tooth 542.
  • the outer peripheral wall of the ring body 22 is provided with continuously distributed second transmission teeth 26, the second transmission teeth 26 and the first transmission teeth 542 meshing.
  • the driving scheme of the cam ring 20 is specifically defined.
  • the motor 52 drives the gear 54 to move, and then drives the cam ring 20 to rotate through the engagement of the first transmission teeth 542 and the second transmission teeth 26.
  • the contact point of the transmission is located on the outer peripheral wall of the cam ring 20 and does not extend into the cam ring 20. , To ensure that the light hole 12 is not blocked.
  • the motor 52 is specifically a stepping motor, and may also be other electric driving elements with similar functions.
  • the gear transmission member may also be a worm gear mechanism or other structure with similar functions.
  • the shutter device further includes an eccentric pin 70 disposed on the base 10, and one end of the tension spring 40 is connected to the eccentric pin 70.
  • the tension spring 40 is connected to an eccentric pin 70 fixed on the periphery of the base 10, and the pretension adjustment can be performed by the eccentric pin 70. Specifically, by rotating the eccentric pin 70, the end wire of the tension spring 40 can be wound on the eccentric pin 70 or withdrawn from the eccentric pin 70 to adjust the initial elongation of the tension spring 40, so that the adjustment
  • the consistency of the multiple extension springs 40 in the shutter device improves the stability and reliability of the shutter opening and closing process.
  • the shutter device further includes a reinforcing substrate 38 attached to the shutter blade 30.
  • the strength of the shutter blade 30 can be enhanced under the rapid opening and closing action of the shutter blade 30, and damage to it can be avoided.
  • the reinforcing substrate 38 is adhered to the shutter blade 30.
  • the shutter blade 30 further includes a reinforcing substrate 38 attached to the blade body 32.
  • the reinforcing substrate 38 and the protrusion 34 are located on the same side of the blade body 32, and the reinforcing substrate 38 connects the blade rotation shaft 60 and the boss 34 at the same time.
  • the shutter blade 30 further includes a reinforcing substrate 38 attached to the blade body 32, which can increase the strength of the shutter blade 30 during the rapid opening and closing actions of the shutter blade 30 to avoid damage.
  • a reinforcing substrate 38 attached to the blade body 32, which can increase the strength of the shutter blade 30 during the rapid opening and closing actions of the shutter blade 30 to avoid damage.
  • the shutter device further includes a limiting portion 80, which is provided on the base 10 and located outside the cam ring 20.
  • a limiting portion 80 which is provided on the base 10 and located outside the cam ring 20.
  • the base 10 is also provided with a limiting portion 80 located outside the cam ring 20.
  • a limiting portion 80 located outside the cam ring 20.
  • the cam ring 20 further includes a circumferential limiting protrusion 28 located on the side of the ring body 22 facing the base 10, and the circumferential limiting protrusion 28 is along the circumferential direction of the ring body 22.
  • Extension; the base 10 is also provided with a circumferential limit groove (not shown in the figure), the circumferential limit protrusion 28 is embedded in the circumferential limit groove, the circumferential limit groove and the circumferential limit protrusion 28 are suitable Match.
  • the circumferential matching of the two can be realized, and the cam ring 20 is restricted from always facing each other.
  • the circumferential rotation of the base 10 avoids the displacement of the cam ring 20 caused by the mismatch of the driving device 50 and the cam ring 20, and ensures the reliability of the shutter device.
  • the thickness of the ring body 22 needs to be set thinner, while the thickness of the base 10 as the carrier is relatively thick.
  • the ring By opening the circumferential limit groove on the base 10, the ring
  • the additional circumferential limit protrusion 28 on the body 22 can reduce the structural damage to the ring body 22, ensure that the ring body 22 is reliable in strength during long-term rotation, and is not easily damaged, which improves the reliability of the product and extends the use of the product life.
  • an embodiment of another aspect of the present application provides a photographing device, including a lens assembly, a body, and the shutter device according to any one of the above embodiments provided on the body, so that it has all the beneficial effects of the shutter device.
  • the photographing device may be a camera, such as a single-lens reflex camera, and the photographing device may also be a video camera.
  • the embodiments of the present application propose a shutter device based on a cam spring structure and a photographing device using the shutter device.
  • the shutter device drives the cam ring 20 to rotate through the motor 52 and the gear 54, and then drives the bearing 36 fixed on the protrusion 34 to move.
  • the protrusion 34 is pressed against the cam ring 20 by the tension spring 40, and passes on the cam ring 20.
  • the shape design of the cam 24 and the shape design of the shutter blade 30 achieve the function of opening and closing the shutter.
  • the shutter blade 30 opens and closes quickly during the rotation of the cam ring 20, which can meet the functional requirements and is compact.
  • the shutter device that meets the higher shutter speed and smaller size provided in the embodiments of the present application can be used, which can not only meet the needs of photography, but also make the photographing device smaller.
  • the term “plurality” refers to two or more than two, unless specifically defined otherwise.
  • the terms “installed”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and other terms should be understood in a broad sense.
  • “connected” can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection;
  • “connected” can be It is directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

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Abstract

一种快门装置及摄影装置，快门装置包括底座（10）、凸轮环（20）、快门叶片（30）、弹性件（40）及驱动装置（50），底座（10）上设有光孔（12）；凸轮环（20）设置在底座（10）上，包括环本体（22）和与环本体（22）的内壁相连的凸轮（24），每个凸轮（24）包括高度变化规律不同的至少两段；快门叶片（30）与底座（10）转动连接，并与凸轮（24）相抵接；弹性件（40）连接在底座（10）和快门叶片（30）之间；在驱动装置（50）驱动凸轮环（20）转动的过程中，全部快门叶片（30）在凸轮（24）的推力和弹性件（40）的拉力共同作用下，覆盖或避开光孔（12），快门装置既能满足快速反应的需求，体积又小巧。

Description

快门装置及摄影装置 技术领域
本申请涉及光学影像领域，具体而言，涉及一种快门装置及一种摄影装置。
背景技术
随着生活水平的提高，选择通过相机镜头来记录的需求越来越多，因此，就对镜头的功能和性能提出了更高的要求。特别是在当今光学快速发展，镜头或相机中的快门性能需要有更大的提升，才能满足用户的使用要求。同时采用镜间快门的需求也越来越强烈，这就要求镜间快门既能满足快速反应的要求又需要体积做得比较小。
目前而言，单反镜头中采用的镜间快门体积都比较大，而且驱动速度由于快门结构的限制也比较难达到使用的要求。
发明内容
本申请旨在至少解决现有技术或相关技术中存在的技术问题之一。
为此，本申请的一个方面提出了一种快门装置。
本申请的另一个方面提出了一种摄影装置。
有鉴于此，根据本申请的一个方面，提供了一种快门装置，包括底座、凸轮环、快门叶片、弹性件及驱动装置，底座上设有光孔；凸轮环设置在底座上，凸轮环包括环本体和与环本体的内壁相连的凸轮，全部凸轮沿环本体的周向分布，每个凸轮包括至少两段，以凸轮自环本体的内壁向环本体的中心凸起的高度作为凸轮的高度，凸轮在不同段的高度变化规律不同；快门叶片与底座转动连接，快门叶片的转动轴线与环本体的轴线平行，快门叶片的数量与凸轮的数量相等，快门叶片与凸轮相抵接；弹性件连接在底座和快门叶片之间；驱动装置用于驱动凸轮环相对于底座转动，在凸轮 环转动的过程中，全部快门叶片在凸轮的推力和弹性件的拉力共同作用下，覆盖光孔或避开光孔。
本申请实施例提供的快门装置，既能满足快速反应的功能需求，体积又小巧，通过设置凸轮环和弹性件，凸轮环在驱动装置的作用下相对于底座转动，凸轮与快门叶片相抵接，随着凸轮高度的升高，可推动快门叶片转动，快门叶片在转动过程中则拉长弹性件，使得弹性件具备将快门叶片拉回原位置的复位拉力(即弹性回复力)，从而令快门叶片紧压凸轮环。该快门装置可借助凸轮的推力和弹性件的拉力共同控制快门叶片朝向光孔转动或远离光孔转动，进而实现快门叶片对光孔的开启和关闭，即快门开闭。具体而言，快门关闭时，是全部快门叶片转动至共同覆盖光孔，而非单独一个快门叶片覆盖整个光孔，可减小每个快门叶片的转动量和大小。该快门装置体积小，对安装空间的要求小，可满足镜间快门的体积需求。此外，在驱动上，只需驱动装置驱动凸轮环转动即可，容易实现且可靠性高，满足了功能需要。
另外，根据本申请提供的上述技术方案中的快门装置，还可以具有如下附加技术特征：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，快门装置还包括叶片转动轴，设置在底座上并位于凸轮环的外侧；快门叶片包括叶片本体及凸起部，叶片本体与叶片转动轴转动连接；凸起部设置在叶片本体上并位于凸轮环的内侧，凸起部可与凸轮相接触，在凸轮推动凸起部朝向凸轮环的中心方向移动的过程中，弹性件被拉长。
在该技术方案中，具体限定了快门叶片与底座的连接关系，以及快门叶片与凸轮和弹性件的配合关系。快门叶片经叶片转动轴与底座转动连接，使得其转动轴线位于凸轮环的外侧，叶片本体则可在凸轮环的内部转动而实现快门开闭。通过凸起部来实现与凸轮的配合，则凸起部与凸轮处于同一水平面，叶片本体则可处于与之不同的水平面，使得凸轮不必直接推动叶片本体，有助于按需设置合理的配合点(即凸起部的位置)，且使得叶片本体的周边结构简洁。此外，凸轮推动凸起部朝向凸轮环的中心方向移动的过程中，叶片本体可沿相应方向转动，此时弹性件只需保证被拉长， 即可在凸轮将凸起部推动至最高点后利用弹性回复力将快门叶片拉回，从而实现另一方向的转动，确保了凸轮的推力与弹性件的拉力都能正常作用以实现快门开闭。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，弹性件与凸起部相连。
在该技术方案中，利用现有的凸起部直接连接弹性件，则无需再在叶片本体上设置其他的连接结构，也无需令弹性件直接与叶片本体相连而破碗叶片本体的结构强度，有助于简化结构，提高产品可靠性。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，叶片本体包括传动叶片和开关叶片，传动叶片与叶片转动轴转动连接，凸起部设置在传动叶片上，传动叶片避开光孔；开关叶片与传动叶片相连，在快门叶片处于覆盖光孔的第一位置的情况下，开关叶片遮挡光孔的部分区域。
在该技术方案中，将叶片本体划分为传动叶片和开关叶片，并将凸起部设置在靠近叶片转动轴的传动叶片上，可减小凸起部的转动半径，并相应减小凸轮朝向环本体中心凸起的高度。一方面，这有助于简化结构，减轻产品重量，节约用料；另一方面，由于凸轮远离开关叶片，凸轮不会伸入光孔造成遮挡，确保了快门的正常工作。可以理解的是，传动叶片和开关叶片为一体成型的整体，此处是为便于区分不同功能而进行的区域划分。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，在快门叶片处于第一位置的情况下，叶片本体自与叶片转动轴相连的一端朝向与凸轮环的转动方向相反的方向延伸，再向凸轮环的中心方向弯折并延伸，叶片本体弯折前的部分为传动叶片，叶片本体弯折后的部分为开关叶片；全部凸轮沿环本体的周向均匀间隔分布，在凸轮环转动的过程中，凸轮推动快门叶片从第一位置转动至避开光孔的第二位置，弹性件拉动快门叶片从第二位置转动回第一位置。
在该技术方案中，快门叶片处于第一位置时，传动叶片自与叶片转动轴相连的一端朝向与凸轮环的转动方向相反的方向延伸，开关叶片则朝向凸轮环的中心方向延伸，遮挡光孔的部分区域，全部开关叶片共同覆盖光孔。随着凸轮环的转动，凸轮推动凸起部朝向凸轮环的中心方向移动，传动叶片随之转动，带动开关叶片远离凸轮环的中心，弹性件同时被拉长。当快门叶片转动至第二位置时，凸起部移动至凸轮的最高点，开关叶片完 全移出光孔，实现了快门的开启。此后，凸轮环继续转动，随着凸轮的高度下降，凸轮无法再推动凸起部保持在第二位置，快门叶片在弹性件的拉力作用下向第一位置转动，开关叶片朝向凸轮环的中心移动，当开关叶片到达第一位置时，就完全覆盖光孔，实现了快门的关闭，至此完成一个快门叶片从关闭运动到打开，再运动到关闭的周期动作。此后，快门叶片的凸起部处于相邻两个凸轮之间的间隔区域，间隔区域可理解为等半径的圆弧，可使快门叶片在关闭时具有一定的减速区间，凸轮环在减速旋转时，快门叶片始终处于第一位置，即始终处于关闭的状态。若凸轮环继续转动，那么当凸起部移动至下一个凸轮处，就可再次开启快门，进入下一个快门开闭的周期动作。每个凸轮可以使快门叶片完成一个周期动作，若凸轮环连续转动一圈，就可以完成与凸轮数量相同个数的周期动作，例如在凸轮的数量为四个时，就可以完成四个周期动作，通过驱动凸轮环连续转动，就可以实现高速连拍。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，凸轮包括沿与凸轮环的转动方向相反的方向依次相连的第一段和第二段，以第一段所在的一端为头端，以第二段所在的一端为尾端，第一段的高度自头端至尾端逐渐升高，第二段的高度处处相等。
在该技术方案中，对凸轮的形状进行了限定，在凸轮环上的凸轮形状的传动下，快门叶片可以绕叶片转动轴做一定规律的运动。具体而言，沿与凸轮环的转动方向相反的方向依次设置第一段和第二段，则在凸轮环转动的过程中，快门叶片先接触第一段，再过渡到第二段，以第一段所在的一端为头端，第二段所在的一端为尾端。根据快门装置的要求，需要在一定的时间内完成快门叶片的打开到关闭的动作，因此，凸轮的形状设计成，在快门叶片从关闭到打开再到关闭的过程中，凸轮环的第一段高度逐渐升高，其形状比较缓，快门叶片缓慢打开，可以使得快门叶片和弹性件缓慢蓄能，减小驱动装置的负载；将凸轮环的第二段设置为高度不变，则第二段为一段等半径圆弧，作用是在凸轮环旋转时，快门叶片处于同一位置，保持不变，可以给快门叶片关闭时提供一段加速区间，凸轮环在加速旋转时，快门叶片始终处于打开的状态。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，第一段的高度变化率自头端至尾端逐渐增大。
在该技术方案中，进一步具体限定了第一段的高度变化率自头端至尾端逐渐增大，即高度增加的速度越来越快，使得第一段的轮廓线向环本体的外侧凹陷，可减小凸起部沿第一段上升过程中的阻力，进一步减小驱动装置的负载。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，凸轮还包括与第二段相连接的第三段，在凸轮环转动的过程中，凸起部与第三段之间存在间距。
在该技术方案中，凸轮还进一步包括连接在第二段尾端的第三段，且第三段的高度迅速降低，使得凸起部无法直接接触第三段，可以导致快门叶片在弹性件的作用下，直接向第一位置回转，在短时间内完成关闭快门的动作，从而达到较高的快门速度和较快的快门时间。可以理解的是，为确保凸起部与第三段不接触，可缩短第三段在环本体上对应的弧长，充分提高第三段的高度的变化率。可以理解的是，虽然采用该方案时，快门叶片的凸起部无法直接接触第三段，但由于凸起部经过第三段的时间极短，且快门叶片始终在弹性件的拉力作用下向凸轮靠近，因而仍然可以认为从整体结构的角度上来说，快门叶片是与凸轮相抵接的。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，驱动装置包括电机及齿传动件，齿传动件与电机的输出端相连，齿传动件设有第一传动齿；环本体的外周壁上设有连续分布的第二传动齿，第二传动齿与第一传动齿相啮合。
在该技术方案中，具体限定了凸轮环的驱动方案。电机驱动齿传动件运动，进而通过第一传动齿与第二传动齿的啮合带动凸轮环转动，其传动的接触点位于凸轮环的外周壁，不会伸入凸轮环的内部，确保了光孔不受遮挡。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，弹性件为拉伸弹簧；快门装置还包括偏心销钉，设置在底座上，拉伸弹簧的一端与偏心销钉相连。
在该技术方案中，作为弹性件的拉伸弹簧连接于固定在底座周边的偏心销钉上，可以通过偏心销钉进行预紧调节。具体而言，通过旋转偏心销钉，可令拉伸弹簧的端部金属丝缠绕在偏心销钉上或从偏心销钉上退出， 以调整拉伸弹簧的初始伸长量，从而可以调整快门装置中多个拉伸弹簧的一致性，提高快门开闭过程的稳定性和可靠性。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，快门装置还包括增强基板，贴设在快门叶片上。
在该技术方案中，通过在快门叶片上贴设增强基板，可在快门叶片快速打开和关闭动作下增强快门叶片的强度，避免其损坏。具体地，增强基板粘接在快门叶片上。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，快门叶片还包括增强基板，贴设在叶片本体上，增强基板与凸起部位于叶片本体的同侧，增强基板同时连接叶片转动轴和凸起部。
在该技术方案中，快门叶片还包括贴设在叶片本体上的增强基板，可在快门叶片快速打开和关闭动作下增强快门叶片的强度，避免其损坏。由于快门叶片打开和关闭时，叶片本体对应于凸起部与叶片转动轴之间的区域受到的冲击最大，因此将增强基板设置在该区域，可以在尽量减少增强基板用料的情况下，确保快门叶片的强度得到有效增强。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，快门装置还包括限位部，设置在底座上并位于凸轮环的外侧，在凸起部移动至相邻两个凸轮之间的情况下，快门叶片与限位部相抵触。
在该技术方案中，底座上还设置有位于凸轮环外侧的限位部。在凸起部从凸轮的表面移动至相邻两个凸轮之间时，凸起部会在弹性件的拉力作用下朝向凸轮环的外侧方向移动，快门叶片随之转动，通过设置限位部，可对快门叶片起到阻挡和限位的作用。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，凸轮环还包括周向限位凸起，位于环本体朝向底座的一侧，周向限位凸起沿环本体的周向延伸；底座还设有周向限位槽，周向限位凸起嵌入周向限位槽中，周向限位槽与周向限位凸起相适配。
在该技术方案中，通过在环本体和底座上分别设置相适配的周向限位凸起和周向限位槽，可实现二者的周向配合，限制凸轮环始终相对于底座进行周向转动，避免了驱动装置与凸轮环配合出现误差时造成的凸轮环移 位，确保了快门装置工作的可靠性。此外，为了尽量减小快门组件的体积，需将环本体的厚度设置得较薄，而作为载体的底座厚度相对较厚，通过将周向限位槽开设在底座上，而在环本体上增设周向限位凸起，可以减小对环本体的结构破坏，确保环本体在长期的转动中强度可靠，不易损坏，提高了产品的可靠性，延长了产品的使用寿命。
根据本申请的另一个方面，提供了一种摄影装置，包括镜头组件、机身以及设于机身上的上述任一技术方案所述的快门装置，因此具有该快门装置的全部有益效果，在此不再赘述。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述部分中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1示出了本申请一个实施例的快门装置在开启状态下的结构示意图；
图2示出了本申请一个实施例的快门装置在开启状态下的俯视图；
图3示出了本申请一个实施例的快门装置在开启状态下的主视图；
图4示出了本申请一个实施例的快门装置在关闭状态下的结构示意图；
图5示出了本申请一个实施例的快门装置在关闭状态下的俯视图；
图6示出了本申请一个实施例的快门装置在开启状态下的传动结构示意图；
图7示出了本申请一个实施例的快门装置在开启状态下的传动结构俯视图；
图8示出了本申请一个实施例的快门装置在开启状态下的传动结构仰视图；
图9示出了本申请一个实施例的快门装置在开启状态下的传动结构主视图；
图10示出了本申请一个实施例的凸轮环的俯视图；
图11示出了本申请一个实施例的凸轮环的仰视图；
图12示出了本申请一个实施例的快门叶片关闭时凸轮环的凸轮形状和凸起部运动轨迹示意图；
图13示出了本申请一个实施例的偏心销钉的结构示意图。
其中，图1至图13中附图标记与部件名称之间的对应关系为：
10底座，12光孔，20凸轮环，22环本体，24凸轮，242第一段，242a前段，242b后段，244第二段，246第三段，26第二传动齿，28周向限位凸起，30快门叶片，30a第一快门叶片，30b第二快门叶片，30c第三快门叶片，30d第四快门叶片，32叶片本体，322传动叶片，324开关叶片，34凸起部，36轴承，38增强基板，40拉伸弹簧，50驱动装置，52电机，54齿轮，542第一传动齿，60叶片转动轴，70偏心销钉，80限位部。
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚地理解本申请的上述目的、特征和优点，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本申请进行进一步的详细描述。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本申请，但是，本申请还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施，因此，本申请的保护范围并不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
下面参照图1至图13描述根据本申请一些实施例所述的快门装置及摄影装置。
如图1至图5所示，本申请一个方面的实施例提供了一种快门装置，包括底座10、凸轮环20、快门叶片30、弹性件(比如拉伸弹簧40)及驱动装置50，底座10上设有光孔12；凸轮环20设置在底座10上，凸轮环20包括环本体22和与环本体22的内壁相连的凸轮24，全部凸轮24沿环本体22的周向分布，每个凸轮24包括至少两段，以凸轮24自环本体22的内壁向环本体22的中心凸起的高度作为凸轮24的高度，凸轮24在不同段的高度变化规律不同；快门叶片30与底座10转动连接，快门叶片30的转 动轴线与环本体22的轴线平行，快门叶片30的数量与凸轮24的数量相等，快门叶片30与凸轮24相抵接；拉伸弹簧40连接在底座10和快门叶片30之间；驱动装置50用于驱动凸轮环20相对于底座10转动，在凸轮环20转动的过程中，全部快门叶片30在凸轮24的推力和拉伸弹簧40的拉力共同作用下，覆盖光孔12或避开光孔12。
本申请实施例提供的快门装置，既能满足快速反应的功能需求，体积又小巧，通过设置凸轮环20和拉伸弹簧40，凸轮环20在驱动装置50的作用下相对于底座10转动，凸轮24与快门叶片30相抵接，随着凸轮24高度的升高，可推动快门叶片30转动，快门叶片30在转动过程中则拉长拉伸弹簧40，使得拉伸弹簧40具备将快门叶片30拉回原位置的复位拉力(即弹性回复力)，从而令快门叶片30紧压凸轮环20。该快门装置可借助凸轮24的推力和拉伸弹簧40的拉力共同控制快门叶片30朝向光孔12转动或远离光孔12转动，进而实现快门叶片30对光孔12的开启和关闭，即快门开闭。具体而言，快门关闭时，是全部快门叶片30转动至共同覆盖光孔12，而非单独一个快门叶片30覆盖整个光孔12，可减小每个快门叶片30的转动量和大小。该快门装置体积小，对安装空间的要求小，可满足镜间快门的体积需求。此外，在驱动上，只需驱动装置50驱动凸轮环20转动即可，容易实现且可靠性高，满足了功能需要。具体地，凸轮24和快门叶片30的数量为四个。可以理解的是，为保证在快门开闭过程中，各个快门叶片30彼此之间互不干涉，可以将各个快门叶片30设置在不同的高度上，例如图1、图2、图4和图5所示，将上方、左方、右方、下方的四个快门叶片30分别记为第一快门叶片30a、第二快门叶片30b、第三快门叶片30c、第四快门叶片30d，且其高度按上述顺序逐渐降低。可选地，每个快门叶片30都连接有拉伸弹簧40，可以每个快门叶片30连接一个拉伸弹簧40，即二者的数量相等，也可以每个快门叶片30连接两个及其以上的拉伸弹簧40。可选地，快门装置为镜间快门。
如图1所示，在一些实施例中，快门装置还包括叶片转动轴60，设置在底座10上并位于凸轮环20的外侧；快门叶片30包括叶片本体32及凸起部34，叶片本体32与叶片转动轴60转动连接；凸起部34设置在叶片 本体32上并位于凸轮环20的内侧，凸起部34可与凸轮24相接触，在凸轮24推动凸起部34朝向凸轮环20的中心方向移动的过程中，拉伸弹簧40被拉长。
在该实施例中，具体限定了快门叶片30与底座10的连接关系，以及快门叶片30与凸轮24和拉伸弹簧40的配合关系。快门叶片30经叶片转动轴60与底座10转动连接，使得其转动轴线位于凸轮环20的外侧，叶片本体32则可在凸轮环20的内部转动而实现快门开闭。通过凸起部34来实现与凸轮24的配合，则凸起部34与凸轮24处于同一水平面，叶片本体32则可处于与之不同的水平面，使得凸轮24不必直接推动叶片本体32，有助于按需设置合理的配合点(即凸起部34的位置)，且使得叶片本体32的周边结构简洁。此外，凸轮24推动凸起部34朝向凸轮环20的中心方向移动的过程中，叶片本体32可沿相应方向转动，此时拉伸弹簧40只需保证被拉长，即可在凸轮24将凸起部34推动至最高点后利用弹性回复力将快门叶片30拉回，从而实现另一方向的转动，确保了凸轮24的推力与拉伸弹簧40的拉力都能正常作用以实现快门开闭。
如图6至图9所示，在一些实施例中，拉伸弹簧40与凸起部34相连。
在该实施例中，利用现有的凸起部34直接连接拉伸弹簧40，则无需再在叶片本体32上设置其他的连接结构，也无需令拉伸弹簧40直接与叶片本体32相连而破碗叶片本体32的结构强度，有助于简化结构，提高产品可靠性。进一步地，如图6所示，快门叶片30还包括套设在凸起部34上并与之配合的轴承36，由轴承36与凸轮24相接触，有助于分担凸起部34的负载，减少对凸起部34的损坏，提高产品的可靠性，延长产品的使用寿命。具体地，轴承36与凸起部34为一体式结构。
如图4和图5所示，在一些实施例中，叶片本体32包括传动叶片322和开关叶片324，传动叶片322与叶片转动轴60转动连接，凸起部34设置在传动叶片322上，传动叶片322避开光孔12；开关叶片324与传动叶片322相连，在快门叶片30处于覆盖光孔12的第一位置的情况下，开关叶片324遮挡光孔12的部分区域。
在该实施例中，将叶片本体32划分为传动叶片322和开关叶片324， 并将凸起部34设置在靠近叶片转动轴60的传动叶片322上，可减小凸起部34的转动半径，并相应减小凸轮24朝向环本体22中心凸起的高度。一方面，这有助于简化结构，减轻产品重量，节约用料；另一方面，由于凸轮24远离开关叶片324，凸轮24不会伸入光孔12造成遮挡，确保了快门的正常工作。可以理解的是，传动叶片322和开关叶片324为一体成型的整体，此处是为便于区分不同功能而进行的区域划分。
如图4和图5所示，在一些实施例中，在快门叶片30处于第一位置的情况下，叶片本体32自与叶片转动轴60相连的一端朝向与凸轮环20的转动方向相反的方向延伸，再向凸轮环20的中心方向弯折并延伸，叶片本体32弯折前的部分为传动叶片322，叶片本体32弯折后的部分为开关叶片324；全部凸轮24沿环本体22的周向均匀间隔分布，在凸轮环20转动的过程中，凸轮24推动快门叶片30从第一位置转动至避开光孔12的第二位置，拉伸弹簧40拉动快门叶片30从第二位置转动回第一位置。
在该实施例中，快门叶片30处于第一位置时，传动叶片322自与叶片转动轴60相连的一端朝向与凸轮环20的转动方向相反的方向延伸，开关叶片324则朝向凸轮环20的中心方向延伸，遮挡光孔12的部分区域，全部开关叶片324共同覆盖光孔12。随着凸轮环20的转动，凸轮24推动凸起部34朝向凸轮环20的中心方向移动，传动叶片322随之转动，带动开关叶片324远离凸轮环20的中心，拉伸弹簧40同时被拉长。如图1、图2、图6至图8所示，凸轮环20沿逆时针方向转动，当快门叶片30转动至第二位置时，凸起部34移动至凸轮24的最高点，开关叶片324完全移出光孔12，实现了快门的开启。此后，凸轮环20继续转动，随着凸轮24的高度下降，凸轮24无法再推动凸起部34保持在第二位置，快门叶片30在拉伸弹簧40的拉力作用下向第一位置转动，开关叶片324朝向凸轮环20的中心移动，如图4和图5所示，当开关叶片324到达第一位置时，就完全覆盖光孔12，实现了快门的关闭，至此完成一个快门叶片30从关闭运动到打开，再运动到关闭的周期动作。此后，快门叶片30的凸起部34处于相邻两个凸轮24之间的间隔区域，间隔区域可理解为等半径的圆弧，可使快门叶片30在关闭时具有一定的减速区间，凸轮环20在减速旋转时，快门叶 片30始终处于第一位置，即始终处于关闭的状态。若凸轮环20继续转动，那么当凸起部34移动至下一个凸轮24处，就可再次开启快门，进入下一个快门开闭的周期动作。每个凸轮24可以使快门叶片30完成一个周期动作，若凸轮环20连续转动一圈，就可以完成与凸轮24数量相同个数的周期动作，例如在凸轮24的数量为四个时，就可以完成四个周期动作，通过驱动凸轮环20连续转动，就可以实现高速连拍。
可以理解的是，由于快门在大部分时间里需要处于关闭状态，仅在拍摄时短时间开启，所以间隔分布的凸轮24在环本体22上对应的弧长占据环本体22周长的比例不高，有助于节约用料，减轻产品重量，具体比例可根据快门装置的实际结构计算。
在另一些实施例中，叶片本体32也可不弯折，此时的驱动方式则与前述实施例刚好相反，凸轮24推动快门叶片30从第二位置转动至第一位置，实现快门关闭，拉伸弹簧40拉动快门叶片30从第二位置转动至第一位置，实现快门开启，同理，由于快门在大部分时间里需要处于关闭状态，所以凸轮24在环本体22上对应的弧长占据环本体22周长的比例较高。
如图10至图12所示，在一些实施例中，凸轮24包括沿与凸轮环20的转动方向相反的方向依次相连的第一段242和第二段244，以第一段242所在的一端为头端，以第二段244所在的一端为尾端，第一段242的高度自头端至尾端逐渐升高，第二段244的高度处处相等。
在该实施例中，对凸轮24的形状进行了限定，在凸轮环20上的凸轮24形状的传动下，快门叶片30可以绕叶片转动轴60做一定规律的运动。具体而言，沿与凸轮环20的转动方向相反的方向依次设置第一段242和第二段244，例如图10所示，凸轮环20沿逆时针方向转动时，就按顺时针方向排列第一段242和第二段244，则在凸轮环20转动的过程中，快门叶片30先接触第一段242，再过渡到第二段244，以第一段242所在的一端为头端，第二段244所在的一端为尾端。根据快门装置的要求，需要在一定的时间内完成快门叶片30的打开到关闭的动作，因此，凸轮24的形状设计成，在快门叶片30从关闭到打开再到关闭的过程中，凸轮环20的第一段242高度逐渐升高，其形状比较缓，快门叶片30缓慢打开，可以使得 快门叶片30和拉伸弹簧40缓慢蓄能，减小驱动装置50的负载；将凸轮环20的第二段244设置为高度不变，则第二段244为一段等半径圆弧，作用是在凸轮环20旋转时，快门叶片30处于同一位置，保持不变，可以给快门叶片30关闭时提供一段加速区间，凸轮环20在加速旋转时，快门叶片30始终处于打开的状态。可以理解的是，通过控制第二段244在环本体22上对应的弧长和凸轮环20的转速，可控制快门保持开启的时长。
如图10至图12所示，在一些实施例中，第一段242的高度变化率自头端至尾端逐渐增大。
在该实施例中，进一步具体限定了第一段242的高度变化率自头端至尾端逐渐增大，即高度增加的速度越来越快，使得第一段242的轮廓线向环本体22的外侧凹陷，可减小凸起部34沿第一段242上升过程中的阻力，进一步减小驱动装置50的负载。具体地，可以根据驱动装置50的扭矩要求对第一段242进行一定的形状优化，例如，如图10所示，将第一段242进一步分为两段，占主体部分的前段242a的高度变化率自头端至尾端逐渐增大，后方的一小段后段242b的高度变化率自头端至尾端逐渐减小，使得后段242b的轮廓线向环本体22的内侧凸出，可与第二段244光滑衔接，再进一步减小驱动装置50的负载，使得快门叶片30缓慢打开，拉伸弹簧40缓慢拉伸蓄能。
在一些实施例中，如图10和图11所示，凸轮24还包括与第二段244相连接的第三段246，如图12所示，在凸轮环20转动的过程中，凸起部34与第三段246之间存在间距。
在该实施例中，凸轮24还进一步包括连接在第二段244尾端的第三段246，且第三段246的高度迅速降低，如图12所示，L为快门叶片30关闭过程中凸起部34的运动轨迹曲线，可以看出在该过程中，凸起部34与凸轮24的第三段246之间存在间距，即凸起部34无法直接接触第三段246，可以导致快门叶片30在拉伸弹簧40的作用下，直接向第一位置回转，在短时间内完成关闭快门的动作，从而达到较高的快门速度和较快的快门时间。可以理解的是，为确保凸起部34与第三段246不接触，可缩短第三段246在环本体22上对应的弧长，充分提高第三段246的高度的变化率。可 以理解的是，虽然采用该方案时，快门叶片30的凸起部34无法直接接触第三段246，但由于凸起部34经过第三段246的时间极短，且快门叶片30始终在拉伸弹簧40的拉力作用下向凸轮24靠近，因而仍然可以认为从整体结构的角度上来说，快门叶片30是与凸轮24相抵接的。
如图6和图7所示，在一些实施例中，驱动装置50包括电机52及齿传动件(比如齿轮54)，齿轮54与电机52的输出端相连，齿轮54设有第一传动齿542；环本体22的外周壁上设有连续分布的第二传动齿26，第二传动齿26与第一传动齿542相啮合。
在该实施例中，具体限定了凸轮环20的驱动方案。电机52驱动齿轮54运动，进而通过第一传动齿542与第二传动齿26的啮合带动凸轮环20转动，其传动的接触点位于凸轮环20的外周壁，不会伸入凸轮环20的内部，确保了光孔12不受遮挡。电机52具体为步进电机，也可为其他具有类似功能的电动驱动元件。可选地，除齿轮54外，齿传动件也可为蜗轮蜗杆机构等具有类似功能的结构。
如图6至图9、图13所示，在一些实施例中，快门装置还包括偏心销钉70，设置在底座10上，拉伸弹簧40的一端与偏心销钉70相连。
在该实施例中，拉伸弹簧40连接于固定在底座10周边的偏心销钉70上，可以通过偏心销钉70进行预紧调节。具体而言，通过旋转偏心销钉70，可令拉伸弹簧40的端部金属丝缠绕在偏心销钉70上或从偏心销钉70上退出，以调整拉伸弹簧40的初始伸长量，从而可以调整快门装置中多个拉伸弹簧40的一致性，提高快门开闭过程的稳定性和可靠性。
如图6至图8所示，在一些实施例中，快门装置还包括增强基板38，贴设在快门叶片30上。
在该实施例中，通过在快门叶片30上贴设增强基板38，可在快门叶片30快速打开和关闭动作下增强快门叶片30的强度，避免其损坏。具体地，增强基板38粘接在快门叶片30上。
如图6至图8所示，在一些实施例中，快门叶片30还包括增强基板38，贴设在叶片本体32上，增强基板38与凸起部34位于叶片本体32的同侧，增强基板38同时连接叶片转动轴60和凸起部34。
在该实施例中，快门叶片30还包括贴设在叶片本体32上的增强基板38，可在快门叶片30快速打开和关闭动作下增强快门叶片30的强度，避免其损坏。由于快门叶片30打开和关闭时，叶片本体32对应于凸起部34与叶片转动轴60之间的区域受到的冲击最大，因此将增强基板38设置在该区域，可以在尽量减少增强基板38用料的情况下，确保快门叶片30的强度得到有效增强。
在一些实施例中，快门装置还包括限位部80，设置在底座10上并位于凸轮环20的外侧，在凸起部34移动至相邻两个凸轮24之间的情况下，快门叶片30与限位部80相抵触。
在该实施例中，底座10上还设置有位于凸轮环20外侧的限位部80。在凸起部34从凸轮24的表面移动至相邻两个凸轮24之间时，凸起部34会在拉伸弹簧40的拉力作用下朝向凸轮环20的外侧方向移动，快门叶片30随之转动，通过设置限位部80，可对快门叶片30起到阻挡和限位的作用。进一步地，对于图4和图5所示的快门装置，在快门叶片30关闭时，凸起部34会在拉伸弹簧40的拉力作用下迅速朝向凸轮环20的外侧方向移动，在驱动装置50的减速和快门叶片30撞击限位部80的同时作用下，可使快门叶片30减速。
如图11所示，在一些实施例中，凸轮环20还包括周向限位凸起28，位于环本体22朝向底座10的一侧，周向限位凸起28沿环本体22的周向延伸；底座10还设有周向限位槽(图中未示出)，周向限位凸起28嵌入周向限位槽中，周向限位槽与周向限位凸起28相适配。
在该实施例中，通过在环本体22和底座10上分别设置相适配的周向限位凸起28和周向限位槽，可实现二者的周向配合，限制凸轮环20始终相对于底座10进行周向转动，避免了驱动装置50与凸轮环20配合出现误差时造成的凸轮环20移位，确保了快门装置工作的可靠性。此外，为了尽量减小快门组件的体积，需将环本体22的厚度设置得较薄，而作为载体的底座10厚度相对较厚，通过将周向限位槽开设在底座10上，而在环本体22上增设周向限位凸起28，可以减小对环本体22的结构破坏，确保环本体22在长期的转动中强度可靠，不易损坏，提高了产品的可靠性，延长了 产品的使用寿命。
本申请另一个方面的实施例提供了一种摄影装置，包括镜头组件，机身以及设于机身上的上述任一实施例所述的快门装置，因此具有该快门装置的全部有益效果，在此不再赘述。可选地，摄影装置可为相机，如单反相机，摄影装置也可为摄像机。
综上所述，本申请实施例为了解决镜间快门功能和体积的问题，提出了一种基于凸轮弹簧结构的快门装置，以及应用该快门装置的摄影装置。该快门装置通过电机52和齿轮54带动凸轮环20旋转，进而带动固定在凸起部34上的轴承36运动，通过拉伸弹簧40使凸起部34紧压凸轮环20，通过凸轮环20上的凸轮24的形状设计以及快门叶片30的形状设计达到快门打开和关闭的作用。通过凸轮环20和凸起部34的配合，以及拉伸弹簧40的作用力，使得在凸轮环20旋转过程之中，快门叶片30迅速打开和关闭，既能满足功能需求，体积又小巧。在需要镜间快门的摄影装置中，可以使用本申请实施例提供的满足更高快门速度以及更小体积的快门装置，既可以满足摄影的需求，也可以把摄影装置做的更小。
在本申请中，术语“多个”则指两个或两个以上，除非另有明确的限定。术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语均应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；“相连”可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本说明书的描述中，术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“具体实施例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或实例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精 神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种快门装置，其特征在于，包括：
    底座，其上设有光孔；
    凸轮环，设置在所述底座上，所述凸轮环包括环本体和与所述环本体的内壁相连的凸轮，全部所述凸轮沿所述环本体的周向分布，每个所述凸轮包括至少两段，以所述凸轮自所述环本体的内壁向所述环本体的中心凸起的高度作为所述凸轮的高度，所述凸轮在不同段的高度变化规律不同；
    快门叶片，其与所述底座转动连接，所述快门叶片的转动轴线与所述环本体的轴线平行，所述快门叶片的数量与所述凸轮的数量相等，所述快门叶片与所述凸轮相抵接；
    弹性件，连接在所述底座和所述快门叶片之间；及
    驱动装置，用于驱动所述凸轮环相对于所述底座转动，在所述凸轮环转动的过程中，全部所述快门叶片在所述凸轮的推力和所述弹性件的拉力共同作用下，覆盖所述光孔或避开所述光孔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的快门装置，其特征在于，
    所述快门装置还包括：
    叶片转动轴，设置在所述底座上并位于所述凸轮环的外侧；
    所述快门叶片包括：
    叶片本体，其与所述叶片转动轴转动连接；及
    凸起部，设置在所述叶片本体上并位于所述凸轮环的内侧，所述凸起部可与所述凸轮相接触，在所述凸轮推动所述凸起部朝向所述凸轮环的中心方向移动的过程中，所述弹性件被拉长。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的快门装置，其特征在于，
    所述弹性件与所述凸起部相连。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的快门装置，其特征在于，所述叶片本体包括：
    传动叶片，其与所述叶片转动轴转动连接，所述凸起部设置在所述传动叶片上，所述传动叶片避开所述光孔；及
    开关叶片，其与所述传动叶片相连，在所述快门叶片处于覆盖所述光 孔的第一位置的情况下，所述开关叶片遮挡所述光孔的部分区域。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的快门装置，其特征在于，
    在所述快门叶片处于所述第一位置的情况下，所述叶片本体自与所述叶片转动轴相连的一端朝向与所述凸轮环的转动方向相反的方向延伸，再向所述凸轮环的中心方向弯折并延伸，所述叶片本体弯折前的部分为所述传动叶片，所述叶片本体弯折后的部分为所述开关叶片；
    全部所述凸轮沿所述环本体的周向均匀间隔分布，在所述凸轮环转动的过程中，所述凸轮推动所述快门叶片从所述第一位置转动至避开所述光孔的第二位置，所述弹性件拉动所述快门叶片从所述第二位置转动回所述第一位置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的快门装置，其特征在于，
    所述凸轮包括沿与所述凸轮环的转动方向相反的方向依次相连的第一段和第二段，以所述第一段所在的一端为头端，以所述第二段所在的一端为尾端，所述第一段的高度自头端至尾端逐渐升高，所述第二段的高度处处相等。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的快门装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一段的高度变化率自头端至尾端逐渐增大。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的快门装置，其特征在于，
    所述凸轮还包括与所述第二段相连接的第三段，在所述凸轮环转动的过程中，所述凸起部与所述第三段之间存在间距。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的快门装置，其特征在于，
    所述驱动装置包括：
    电机；及
    齿传动件，其与所述电机的输出端相连，所述齿传动件设有第一传动齿；
    所述环本体的外周壁上设有连续分布的第二传动齿，所述第二传动齿与所述第一传动齿相啮合。
  10. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的快门装置，其特征在于，
    所述弹性件为拉伸弹簧；
    所述快门装置还包括偏心销钉，设置在所述底座上，所述拉伸弹簧的一端与所述偏心销钉相连。
  11. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的快门装置，其特征在于，所述快门装置还包括增强基板，贴设在所述快门叶片上。
  12. 根据权利要求2至8中任一项所述的快门装置，其特征在于，所述快门叶片还包括增强基板，贴设在所述叶片本体上，所述增强基板与所述凸起部位于所述叶片本体的同侧，所述增强基板同时连接所述叶片转动轴和所述凸起部。
  13. 根据权利要求2至8中任一项所述的快门装置，其特征在于，所述快门装置还包括限位部，设置在所述底座上并位于所述凸轮环的外侧，在所述凸起部移动至相邻两个所述凸轮之间的情况下，所述快门叶片与所述限位部相抵触。
  14. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的快门装置，其特征在于，
    所述凸轮环还包括周向限位凸起，位于所述环本体朝向所述底座的一侧，所述周向限位凸起沿所述环本体的周向延伸；
    所述底座还设有周向限位槽，所述周向限位凸起嵌入所述周向限位槽中，所述周向限位槽与所述周向限位凸起相适配。
  15. 一种摄影装置，其特征在于，包括：
    镜头组件；
    机身；
    以及设置在所述机身上如权利要求1至14中任一项所述的快门装置。
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