WO2020220771A1 - 驱动控制电路和空调器 - Google Patents

驱动控制电路和空调器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020220771A1
WO2020220771A1 PCT/CN2020/073077 CN2020073077W WO2020220771A1 WO 2020220771 A1 WO2020220771 A1 WO 2020220771A1 CN 2020073077 W CN2020073077 W CN 2020073077W WO 2020220771 A1 WO2020220771 A1 WO 2020220771A1
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Prior art keywords
line
capacitive element
control circuit
drive control
common mode
Prior art date
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PCT/CN2020/073077
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
霍兆镜
Original Assignee
广东美的制冷设备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201910363079.7A external-priority patent/CN110086156B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201910364817.XA external-priority patent/CN110081574A/zh
Application filed by 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 filed Critical 广东美的制冷设备有限公司
Priority to JP2021558690A priority Critical patent/JP7208415B2/ja
Publication of WO2020220771A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020220771A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/05—Capacitor coupled rectifiers

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of drive control, and in particular to a drive control circuit and an air conditioner.
  • a relay needs to be used for control.
  • the control relay needs to be closed to provide the starting voltage for the motor components of the outdoor unit through the relay.
  • the relay needs an additional thermistor for pre-charging.
  • This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related technologies.
  • the first aspect of this application proposes a drive control circuit.
  • the second aspect of this application proposes another drive control circuit.
  • the third aspect of this application proposes another air conditioner.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides a drive control circuit, including: a first capacitive element configured to provide a starting voltage for a motor assembly; a switching element connected to all In the input line of the first capacitive element, if the switching element is turned on, the grid system charges the first capacitive element, and the conduction time of the switching element is equal to that of the first capacitive element.
  • the charging voltage of the components is positively correlated.
  • the grid system charges the first capacitive element.
  • the effective value of the charging current of the first capacitive element can be controlled to prevent the circuit from being connected to the grid. , The impact on the power grid and the electric control board.
  • the drive control circuit may also include: a fuse, a common mode inductor, a rectifier module, a switching power supply, and a controller.
  • the controller starts to work after being energized by the switching power supply, sends driving pulses to the switching element, and controls the switching element through the driving pulse
  • the conduction rate of the first capacitive element controls the effective value of the charging current of the first capacitive element.
  • the driving pulse gradually increases from the duty ratio of 1% when it is first issued, and finally the duty ratio of the driving pulse reaches 100% and remains.
  • the driving pulse may be in a form that remains unchanged, or may be in a form that is large and sometimes small.
  • the driving pulse is sent to the switching element in the above manner, and the switching element is controlled to be turned on according to the on time of the driving pulse, which can avoid the impact on the power grid and the electric control board when the circuit is connected to the power grid.
  • the on-resistance of the switching element used in the technical solution of this application is very small, which is smaller than the contact impedance of the relay. Therefore, the use of the switching element can effectively reduce the loss.
  • the theoretical value of the service life of the switching element is unlimited, and the actual service life is long. Super-relay, so the frequency of replacement is lower, which can reduce the maintenance cost of the drive control circuit.
  • the volume of the switching element can be reduced by more than 80% compared with the relay, and it takes up less space on the circuit board. Compared with the solution using a relay, it also saves The thermistor, the saved circuit board space can be used to arrange integrated circuits for other functions.
  • the internal space of the air conditioner is saved, the power consumption of the air conditioner is reduced, and the impact on the power grid and the electric control board when the air conditioner is connected to the power grid is avoided, and the safety of the air conditioner is improved. User experience.
  • the first capacitive element may be one capacitor, or multiple capacitors connected in series or in parallel.
  • the switch tube may be an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor) type power transistor, or a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, metal oxide semiconductor power field effect transistor).
  • IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor
  • MOSFET Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, metal oxide semiconductor power field effect transistor
  • the drive control circuit further includes: the on-time is negatively related to the withstand current of the power grid system, and the on-time is related to the maximum voltage of the power grid system The threshold is positively correlated.
  • the on-time of the switching element is negatively related to the withstand current of the power grid system, and the on-time is positively related to the maximum voltage threshold of the power grid system. Since when charging the first capacitive element, at the initial moment of charging, there is no electromotive force difference or small electromotive force difference between the two poles of the first capacitive element, and the amount of charge on the two poles of the first capacitive element is small, and the stored electric energy When the power grid charges the first capacitive element, the instantaneous current value generated in the circuit is relatively large, which will impact the power grid and the electric control board. At this time, the conduction time of the switching element needs to consider the carrying capacity of the power grid system.
  • the driving pulse is sent to the switching element in the above manner, and the switching element is controlled to be turned on according to the on time of the driving pulse, which can avoid the impact on the power grid and the electric control board when the circuit is connected to the power grid.
  • the drive control circuit further includes: the conduction time increases as the charging time of the first capacitive element increases.
  • the on-time of the switching element increases as the charging time of the first capacitive element increases.
  • the conduction state of is controlled by the drive pulse.
  • the drive pulse can be in a form that remains unchanged, or it can be in a form that is large and small.
  • the driving pulse is sent to the switching element in the above manner, and the switching element is controlled to be turned on according to the on time of the driving pulse.
  • the on time increases with the increase of the charging time of the first capacitive element, which can prevent the circuit from being connected to the power grid. , Which has an impact on the power grid and the electric control board.
  • the drive control circuit further includes: a rectifier module, which is connected between the power grid system and the first capacitive element, and is used to input the AC input from the power grid system The electrical signal is converted into a direct current signal, wherein the direct current signal is configured to charge the first capacitive element.
  • a rectifier module is provided in the drive control circuit, which is connected between the power grid system and the first capacitive element, and is used to convert the AC power signal input from the power grid system into a DC power signal, and the DC power signal is configured to The first capacitive element is charged, and the rectifier module may include a rectifier bridge, which is used to convert an AC signal into a DC signal, which can ensure the normal operation of the electronic control system of the air conditioner.
  • the drive control circuit further includes: a first AC line and a second AC line for accessing the AC signal input by the power grid coefficient, the first AC line and The second AC line is used as an input line to input the AC signal to the rectifier module.
  • the drive control circuit includes a first AC line and a second AC line for accessing the AC signal input by the grid coefficient, and the first AC line and the second AC line are used as input lines to the rectifier module Input the AC signal, the rectifier module converts the AC signal into a DC signal to ensure that the air conditioner can work normally after being connected to the AC power grid.
  • the drive control circuit further includes: a second capacitive element, connected between the first AC line and the second AC line, and configured to The electrical signal is filtered.
  • the drive control circuit includes a second capacitive element connected between the first AC line and the second AC line for filtering the AC signal, and the AC signal after filtering the DC signal Input to the rectifier module to ensure the normal operation of the rectifier module.
  • the second capacitive element may be one capacitor, or multiple capacitors connected in series or in parallel.
  • the drive control circuit further includes: a fuse connected to the input end of the first AC line and/or connected to the input end of the second AC line , Used to protect the motor components from overvoltage and overcurrent.
  • the drive control circuit includes a fuse connected to the input end of the first AC line and/or connected to the input end of the second AC line for overvoltage and overcurrent protection of the motor components, Prevent the internal components of the air conditioner from being damaged by the excessive current and voltage when the overvoltage and overcurrent phenomenon occurs.
  • the drive control circuit further includes: a common mode inductor, one of the common mode inductors is connected in series with the first AC line, and the other of the common mode inductors An inductor is connected in series with the second AC line, wherein the common mode inductor is configured to filter out common mode interference existing in the first AC line and the second AC line, and reduce the first AC line Electromagnetic interference generated in the AC line and the second AC line.
  • the drive control circuit includes a common mode inductor, the common mode inductors are arranged in pairs, one of the common mode inductors is connected in series to the first AC line, and the other of the common mode inductors is connected in series to the second AC line Among them, the common mode inductor is configured to filter out the common mode interference existing in the first AC line and the second AC line, and reduce the electromagnetic interference generated in the first AC line and the second AC line to ensure the normal operation of the air conditioner jobs.
  • the drive control circuit further includes: a third capacitive element, which is connected between the common mode inductor and the fuse, and is used to perform processing on the alternating current signal Filtering processing.
  • the drive control circuit includes a third capacitive element, which is connected between the common-mode inductor and the fuse, and is used to filter the AC signal, and input the AC signal after filtering the DC signal to the rectifier In the module, ensure the normal operation of the rectifier module.
  • the second aspect of the present application provides another drive control circuit, including: a first capacitive element configured to provide a starting voltage of a motor assembly; a second capacitive element and a first capacitive element connected in series
  • the resistive element is connected to the input terminal of the first capacitive element;
  • the switching device is connected to the line between the first capacitive element and the second capacitive element, wherein, if the switching device is turned off ,
  • the power grid system charges the second capacitive element through the first resistive element.
  • the switching device is in a half-on state.
  • the switching device is in a fully-on state, and the on-resistance of the switching device in the half-on state is greater than or equal to 100 times the on-resistance of the switching device in the fully-on state.
  • the on-resistance of the switching device in the on state is in the milliohm level.
  • a first capacitive element is provided in the drive control circuit, and the first capacitive element is used to provide a starting voltage for the outdoor unit motor assembly when the outdoor unit is configured to start the air conditioner outdoor unit, wherein,
  • the first capacitive element has a relatively large capacity and is usually configured as an electrolytic capacitor.
  • the drive control circuit is also provided with a second capacitive element and a first resistive element connected in series, and is connected to the first capacitive element and the second capacitive element. Switching devices between components.
  • the switching device When the switching device is turned off, the first capacitive element is disconnected, and the power grid system charges the second capacitive element via the first resistive element. When the switching device is turned on, the power grid system charges the first capacitive element. During the charging process of the second capacitive element, the switching device is in a half-on state. If the second capacitive element is fully charged, the switching device is in a fully-on state. The switching device in the half-on state is The on-resistance of is greater than or equal to 100 times the on-resistance of the switching device in the fully-on state, and the on-resistance of the switching device in the fully-on state is on the milliohm level.
  • the switching device during the charging process of the second capacitive element, the switching device is in a half-on state, and if the second capacitive element is fully charged, the switching device is in a fully-on state,
  • the on-resistance of the switching device in the half-on state is greater than or equal to 100 times the on-resistance of the switching device in the fully-on state, and the on-resistance of the switching device in the fully-on state is on the milliohm level
  • the above-mentioned drive control circuit can realize the slow charging of the first capacitive element.
  • the on-resistance of the switching device can be lower than 10 milliohms, compared with the contact resistance of the relay of 30 milliohms.
  • the switching device can reduce the loss and power consumption of the circuit.
  • the theoretical value of the life of the switching device is unlimited, which can increase the service life of the drive control circuit.
  • the volume of the switching device can be reduced by more than 80% compared with the relay. And there is no need to set the thermistor supporting the relay, which simplifies the complexity of the circuit design and the hardware cost.
  • the above-mentioned second capacitive element and the above-mentioned switching device slow charging of the electrolytic capacitor (ie, the first capacitive element) can be realized.
  • a triode or a thyristor can be used as the switching device, and no relay is required.
  • switching devices with low conduction impedance such as switching tubes, the hardware loss and power consumption of the relay are reduced, and the service life of the drive control circuit is improved.
  • the switching device can be a small-volume switching device such as a switch tube, the volume of the relay is reduced, and no additional thermistor is required, so the hardware cost and the circuit board layout area are saved, and the circuit is reduced.
  • the board layout is difficult, and the space utilization of the circuit board is optimized.
  • the first capacitive element is the starting capacitor of the motor assembly of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner, which is usually set as an electrolytic capacitor, and the second capacitive element is connected in series with the first resistive element.
  • the on-resistance of the switch tube is lower than 10 milliohms, which is significantly lower than the 30 milliohm of the relay, so it can effectively reduce the loss, and the volume of the switch tube can be reduced by more than 80% compared with the relay, and there is no need to install heat Sensitive resistance, thereby saving circuit board area.
  • the drive control circuit in the above technical solution provided by this application may also have the following additional technical features:
  • the drive control circuit further includes: a second resistive element connected in series with the first resistive element, and the second resistive element is configured to interact with the first resistive element. The voltage is divided, and the second resistive element and the second capacitive element are connected in parallel.
  • the drive control circuit is provided with a second resistive element, and the second resistive element is connected in series with the first resistive element. At the same time, the second resistive element is connected in parallel with the second capacitive element to realize the The voltage division of the resistive element. At the same time, when the drive control circuit suddenly loses power or power off, the second capacitive element is discharged and divided. At the same time, the second resistive element can also consume the discharge current of the second capacitive element , To prevent overcurrent in the drive control circuit.
  • the drive control circuit further includes: a Zener diode, connected in parallel with the second capacitive element, and the Zener diode is configured to limit the load voltage of the switching device to be lower than the voltage. Threshold.
  • a Zener diode connected in parallel with the second capacitive element is provided in the drive control circuit to limit the load voltage of the switching device.
  • the drive control circuit further includes: a rectifier module, which is connected between the power grid system and the second capacitive element, and is used to input the AC signal input from the power grid system Converted into a direct current signal, wherein the direct current signal is configured to charge the first capacitive element and/or the second capacitive element.
  • a rectifier module which is connected between the power grid system and the second capacitive element, and is used to input the AC signal input from the power grid system Converted into a direct current signal, wherein the direct current signal is configured to charge the first capacitive element and/or the second capacitive element.
  • a rectification module is provided in the drive control circuit. After the drive control circuit is connected to the grid system, it receives the AC signal input from the grid system, and rectifies the received AC signal through the rectifier module to obtain A direct current signal that can charge the first capacitive element and/or the second capacitive element.
  • the drive control circuit further includes: a first AC line and a second AC line for accessing the AC signal input from the grid system, the first AC line and the The second AC line is used as an input line to input the AC signal to the rectifier module.
  • a first AC line and a second AC line are provided in the drive control circuit as input lines from the power grid system to the rectifier module.
  • the first AC line and the second AC line are connected to the power grid system to receive the power grid.
  • the drive control circuit further includes: a third capacitive element, which is connected between the first AC line and the second AC line, and is used to correct the AC signal Perform filtering processing.
  • the drive control circuit is provided with a third capacitive element between the first AC line and the second AC line, which is used to filter the AC signal provided by the power grid system to remove clutter in the power grid system. Interference, improve the stability of the drive control circuit.
  • the drive control circuit further includes: a fuse connected to the input end of the first AC line, and/or connected to the input end of the second AC line, To protect the motor components from overvoltage and overcurrent.
  • a fuse is provided in the drive control circuit, and the fuse is provided at the input end of the first AC line and/or the second AC line.
  • the blow-out threshold of the fuse is lower than the voltage withstand threshold and the current withstand threshold of each component in the drive control circuit.
  • the drive control circuit further includes: a common mode inductor, one of the common mode inductors is connected in series with the first AC line, and the other of the common mode inductors Are connected in series in the second AC line, wherein the common mode inductor is configured to filter out common mode interference existing in the first AC line and the second AC line, and reduce the first AC line And electromagnetic interference generated in the second AC line.
  • a common mode inductor is provided in the drive control circuit, and the common mode inductor includes at least two inductors, wherein the first inductor is connected in series in the first AC line, and the second inductor is connected in series in the second AC line.
  • the first inductor and the second inductor work together to eliminate the common mode interference existing in the first AC line and the second AC line, and improve the stability of the drive control circuit.
  • the common mode inductance can also reduce electromagnetic interference generated in the first AC line and the second AC line, and further improve the stability and reliability of the drive control circuit.
  • the drive control circuit further includes: a fourth capacitive element, connected between the common mode inductor and the fuse, for filtering the AC signal .
  • a fourth capacitive element is provided in the drive control circuit, and the fourth capacitive element is connected between the common mode inductor and the fuse to filter the AC signal input from the power grid system to further reduce The clutter in the alternating current signal improves the stability and reliability of the drive control circuit.
  • an air conditioner including: a motor assembly; the drive control circuit according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the drive control circuit is configured to control the The motor assembly is running.
  • the third capacitive element can be one capacitor, or multiple capacitors connected in series or in parallel.
  • the air conditioner includes the drive control circuit as described in any of the above technical solutions. Therefore, the air conditioner includes all the beneficial effects of the drive control circuit as described in any of the above technical solutions. Repeat.
  • Fig. 1 shows a structural diagram of a drive control circuit according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 2 shows a structural diagram of a drive control circuit according to another embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 shows a structural diagram of a drive control circuit according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 shows a block diagram of an air conditioner according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a drive control circuit is provided, which is suitable for an air conditioner, in which a motor assembly is provided, and the drive control circuit includes: The first capacitive element C 3 , the first capacitive element C 3 is configured to provide the starting voltage of the motor assembly; the switching element Q is connected to the input line of the first capacitive element C 3 , wherein, If the switching element Q is turned on, then the power system to charge the first capacitive element C 3, the switching element Q is turned on and the time-dependent charging voltage of the first capacitive element C 3.
  • the switching element Q by controlling the conduction rate may control the first capacitive element C 3 is the effective value of the charging current, Avoid the impact on the grid and the electric control board when the circuit is connected to the grid.
  • the drive control circuit may further include: a fuse F, a common mode inductor L, a rectifier module BR, a switching power supply, and a controller. Operated by switching power supply controller starts after energized, driving pulses issued to the switching element Q, Q by the driving pulse control of the switching element is turned on to thereby control the charging current of the first capacitive element C 3 effective value.
  • the driving pulse gradually increases from the duty ratio of 1% when it is first sent, and finally the duty ratio of the driving pulse reaches 100% and remains.
  • the driving pulse may be in a form that remains unchanged, or may be in a form that is large and sometimes small.
  • Ciss is the capacitance value between the gate and the source of the switching element
  • R1 is the resistance value of the resistor R1 connected in series with the switching element
  • E is the rated voltage of the driving switching element, generally 15V
  • Vt is the conduction of the switching element.
  • the on-resistance is the driving voltage value at Ron.
  • Ron U max /I max
  • Imax is the grid withstand current (generally taken below 60A)
  • T is the switching pulse period
  • formula for calculating the on-time t2 of the next pulse is as follows:
  • the driving pulse is sent to the switching element Q in the above manner, and the switching element Q is controlled to be turned on according to the on time of the driving pulse, which can avoid the impact on the power grid and the electric control board when the circuit is connected to the power grid.
  • the on-resistance of the switching element Q used in the technical solution of the application is very small, which is smaller than the contact impedance of the relay. Therefore, the use of the switching element Q can effectively reduce the loss.
  • the theoretical value of the service life of the switching element Q is unlimited, and the actual service life Far more than relays, so the replacement frequency is lower, which can reduce the maintenance cost of the drive control circuit.
  • the volume of the switching element Q can be reduced by more than 80% compared with the relay, and it takes up less circuit board space. Compared with the solution using the relay, it is also saved Without the thermistor, the space saved on the circuit board can be used to arrange integrated circuits for other functions.
  • the internal space of the air conditioner is saved, the power consumption of the air conditioner is reduced, and the impact on the power grid and the electric control board when the air conditioner is connected to the power grid is avoided, and the safety of the air conditioner is improved. User experience.
  • the switching element Q may be the above-mentioned switching tube, and the first capacitive element C 3 may be a capacitor, or multiple capacitors connected in series or in parallel.
  • the drive control circuit further includes: the on-time is negatively related to the withstand current of the grid system, and the on-time is The maximum voltage threshold of the grid system is positively correlated.
  • the on time of the switching element Q is negatively related to the withstand current of the power grid system, and the on time is positively related to the maximum voltage threshold of the power grid system. Since when the first capacitive element C 3 is charged, at the initial moment of charging, the two poles of the first capacitive element C 3 have no electromotive force difference or the electromotive force difference is small, the amount of charge on the two poles of the first capacitive element C 3 Smaller, less stored electric energy. The instantaneous current value generated in the circuit when the power grid charges the first capacitive element C 3 is larger, which will have an impact on the power grid and the electronic control board. At this time, the switching element Q is turned on Time needs to consider the carrying capacity of the grid system.
  • C iss is the capacitance value of the switching element between the gate and the source
  • E is the rated voltage of the driving switching element, and generally 15V
  • V t is the ON resistance of the switching element is a drive voltage value of R on
  • R on U max /I max
  • I max is the withstand current of the power grid (generally taken below 60A)
  • T is the switching pulse period
  • formula for calculating the on-time t 2 of the next pulse is as follows:
  • V t2 is the driving voltage value when the on-resistance of the switching element is R on2
  • R on2 (U max -U c3t )/I max
  • U c3t E ⁇ [1-exp(-t/( R on ⁇ C 3 ))]
  • C 3 is the capacitance of the first capacitive element C 3
  • the drive control circuit further comprises: the on-time increases as the charging time of the C 3 and by a first capacitive element Big.
  • the switching element Q is turned on a first time with an increase in the charging time of the capacitive element C 3 is increased.
  • the switching element Q provides a shorter on-time. As the charging process proceeds, the amount of charge on the two poles of the first capacitive element C 3 continues to increase.
  • the driving pulse may be in a form that remains unchanged, or may be in a form that is large and small.
  • C iss is the capacitance value of the switching element between the gate and the source
  • E is the rated voltage of the driving switching element, and generally 15V
  • V t is the ON resistance of the switching element is a drive voltage value of R on
  • R on U max /I max
  • I max is the withstand current of the power grid (generally taken below 60A)
  • U max is the highest voltage of the power grid, usually 264V
  • V t2 is the driving voltage value when the on-resistance of the switching element is R on2
  • R on2 (U max -U c3t )/I max
  • U c3t E ⁇ [1-exp(-t/(R on ⁇ C 3 ))]
  • C 3 is the capacitance value of the first capacitive element C 3
  • the subsequent on-time and duty ratio are like this analogy.
  • the driving pulse is sent to the switching element Q in the above manner, and the switching element Q is controlled to be turned on according to the on time of the driving pulse, which can avoid the impact on the power grid and the electric control board when the circuit is connected to the power grid.
  • the drive control circuit further comprising: a rectifier BR, C 3 between the access to the grid system and the first capacitive element, AC signal for converting said direct current power system input signal, wherein said DC signal being configured to the first capacitive element C 3 is charged.
  • the drive control circuit is provided with a rectifier BR, C 3 access between the grid system and the first capacitive element, for converting AC electrical power to DC system input signal, a direct current signal is It is configured to charge the first capacitive element C 3 .
  • the rectifier module BR may include a rectifier bridge, which is used to convert an AC signal into a DC signal, which can ensure the normal operation of the air conditioner electronic control system.
  • the drive control circuit further includes: a first AC line and a second AC line, which are used to access the AC signal input by the grid coefficient, The first AC line and the second AC line are used as input lines to input the AC signal to the rectifier module BR.
  • the drive control circuit includes a first AC line and a second AC line, which are used to access the AC signal input by the grid coefficient, and the first AC line and the second AC line are used as input lines to the rectifier module.
  • BR input AC signal.
  • the rectifier module BR converts AC signals into DC signals to ensure that the air conditioner can work normally after being connected to the AC power grid.
  • the drive control circuit further includes: a second capacitive element C 2 connected to the first AC line and the second AC line Between, used for filtering the alternating current signal.
  • the drive control circuit includes a second capacitive element C 2 connected between the first AC line and the second AC line, and is used to filter the AC signal, and remove the DC signal after filtering.
  • the AC signal is input into the rectifier module BR to ensure the normal operation of the rectifier module BR.
  • the second capacitive element C 2 may be a capacitor.
  • the drive control circuit further includes: a fuse F connected to the input end of the first AC line, and/or connected to all The input end of the second AC line is used for overvoltage and overcurrent protection of the motor assembly.
  • the drive control circuit includes a fuse F, connected to the input end of the first AC line, and/or connected to the input end of the second AC line, for overvoltage and overcurrent protection of the motor components .
  • a fuse F connected to the input end of the first AC line, and/or connected to the input end of the second AC line, for overvoltage and overcurrent protection of the motor components .
  • the drive control circuit further includes: a common mode inductor L, one of the common mode inductors L is connected in series to the first AC line , The other inductance of the common mode inductance L is connected in series in the second AC line, wherein the common mode inductance L is configured to filter out the presence of the first AC line and the second AC line.
  • the common mode interference is reduced, and the electromagnetic interference generated in the first AC line and the second AC line is reduced.
  • the drive control circuit includes a common mode inductor L, the common mode inductors L are arranged in pairs, one of the common mode inductors L is connected in series with the first AC line, and the other of the common mode inductors L is connected in series with In the second AC line, the common mode inductor L is configured to filter out common mode interference existing in the first AC line and the second AC line, and to reduce electromagnetic interference generated in the first AC line and the second AC line, Ensure the normal operation of the air conditioner.
  • the drive control circuit further includes: a third capacitive element C 1 connected to the common mode inductor L and the fuse F It is used for filtering the alternating current signal.
  • the drive control circuit includes a third capacitive element C 1 , which is connected between the common mode inductor L and the fuse F, and is used to filter the AC signal, and remove the AC signal after filtering the DC signal.
  • the signal is input into the rectifier module BR to ensure the normal operation of the rectifier module BR.
  • a protection resistor R 2 may be connected in parallel at both ends of the switching element to enhance the reliability of the circuit.
  • a protection resistor R 2 may be connected in parallel at both ends of the switching element to enhance the reliability of the circuit.
  • a drive control circuit 204 comprising: a first capacitive element C 3, the first capacitive element C 3 is configured to provide a motor assembly
  • the second capacitive element C 4 and the first resistive element R 1 connected in series are connected to the input terminal of the first capacitive element C 3 ;
  • the switching device Q is connected to the first capacitive element the C-43 and the connection between the second capacitive element C, wherein, if the switching device Q is turned off, then the power system is one pair of the first resistive element is a second capacitive element C 4 R During the charging process of the second capacitive element C 4 , the switching device Q is in a half-on state.
  • the switching device Q If the second capacitive element C 4 is completely charged, the switching device Q is in a fully-on state, The on-resistance of the switching device Q in the half-on state is greater than or equal to 100 times the on-resistance of the switching device Q in the fully-on state, and the on-resistance of the switching device Q in the fully-on state is Milliohm level.
  • the drive control circuit 204 is provided with a first capacitive element C 3 , and the first capacitive element C 3 is used to provide the outdoor unit motor assembly when the outdoor unit is configured to start the air conditioner outdoor unit
  • the starting voltage where the first capacitive element C 3 has a relatively large capacity and is usually configured as an electrolytic capacitor
  • the drive control circuit 204 is also provided with a second capacitive element C 4 and a first resistive element R 1 connected in series, and
  • the switching device Q is connected between the first capacitive element C 3 and the second capacitive element C 4 .
  • the switching device Q When the switching device Q is turned off, the first capacitive element C 3 is disconnected, and the power grid system charges the second capacitive element C 4 via the first resistive element R 1. When the switching device Q is turned on, the power grid system The first capacitive element C 3 is charged. During the charging process of the second capacitive element C 4 , the switching device Q is in a half-on state.
  • the switch The device Q is in a fully-on state, the on-resistance of the switching device Q in the half-on state is greater than or equal to 100 times the on-resistance of the switching device Q in the fully-on state, and the switch in the fully-on state
  • the on-resistance of the device Q is on the milliohm level.
  • the switching device Q is in a half-on state, and if the second capacitive element C 4 is completely charged, the switching device Q is in a fully-on state, the on-resistance of the switching device Q in the half-on state is greater than or equal to 100 times the on-resistance of the switching device Q in the fully-on state, and the switching device in the fully-on state Q conduction milliohm impedance, the drive control circuit 204 can realize the slow charging of the first capacitive element C 3, after the second capacitive element C 4 charge, the switching device Q may be low on-resistance At 10 milliohms, compared with 30 milliohms of the relay’s contact impedance, the switching device Q can reduce the loss and power consumption of the circuit.
  • the theoretical value of the life of the switching device Q is unlimited times, which can increase the service life of the drive control circuit.
  • the volume of the switching device Q can be reduced by more than 80%, and there is no need to set the thermistor supporting the relay, which simplifies the complexity of the circuit design and the hardware cost.
  • the switching device Q can choose a small-volume switching device such as a switch tube, the volume of the relay is reduced, and no additional thermistor is needed, so the hardware cost and the circuit board layout area are saved, and the circuit is reduced.
  • the board layout is difficult, and the space utilization of the circuit board is optimized.
  • the above-mentioned second capacitive element C 4 and the above-mentioned switching device Q slow charging of the electrolytic capacitor (that is, the first capacitive element C 3 ) is realized.
  • a triode or a thyristor can be used as the switching device.
  • a switching device Q with a low conduction impedance such as a switch tube is used, the hardware loss and power consumption of the relay are reduced, and the service life of the drive control circuit 204 is improved.
  • the switching device Q can be a small-volume switching device such as a switching tube, the volume of the relay is reduced, and no additional thermistor is required, thus saving hardware costs and saving circuit board layout area, and reducing The circuit board layout is difficult, and the space utilization rate of the circuit board is optimized.
  • the on-resistance of the switch tube is lower than 10 milliohms, which is significantly lower than the 30 milliohm of the relay, so it can effectively reduce the loss, and the volume of the switch tube can be reduced by more than 80% compared with the relay, and there is no need to install heat Sensitive resistance, thereby saving circuit board area.
  • the switch tube When the outdoor unit is turned on, the switch tube is turned off, and the power grid system charges the second capacitive element C 4 through the first resistive element R 1 .
  • the switch tube may be an IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor) type power transistor, or a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, metal oxide semiconductor power field effect transistor).
  • IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor
  • MOSFET Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor, metal oxide semiconductor power field effect transistor
  • the drive control circuit 204 further includes: a second resistive element R 2 in series with the first resistive element R 1 , and the second resistive element R 2
  • the resistive element R 2 is configured to divide the voltage with the first resistive element R 1 , and the second resistive element R 2 and the second capacitive element C 4 are connected in parallel.
  • the drive control circuit 204 is provided with a second resistive element R 2 , the second resistive element R 2 is connected in series with the first resistive element R 1 , and at the same time, the second resistive element R 2 and the second capacitor are connected in series.
  • the resistance element C 4 is connected in parallel to realize the voltage division of the first resistive element R1.
  • the second resistive element R 2 is used to release the second capacitive element C 4 when the drive control circuit suddenly loses power or is powered off.
  • the second resistive element R 2 can also consume the discharge current of the second capacitive element C 4 to prevent the drive control circuit 204 from over-current.
  • the drive control circuit 204 further includes: a Zener diode D, connected in parallel with the second capacitive element C 4 , and the Zener diode D is configured To limit the load voltage of the switching device Q to be lower than the voltage threshold.
  • the drive control circuit 204 is provided with a Zener diode D in parallel with the second capacitive element C 4 to limit the load voltage of the switching device Q.
  • the Zener diode D takes effect, effectively reducing the load voltage of the switching device Q, so as to realize the overvoltage protection of the switching device Q.
  • the Zener diode D can ensure that the voltage across the switching device Q is lower than 20V.
  • the drive control circuit 204 further includes: a rectifier module BR, connected between the grid system and the second capacitive element C 4 , For converting the alternating current signal input by the grid system into a direct current signal, the direct current signal is configured to charge the first capacitive element C 3 and/or the second capacitive element C 4 .
  • the drive control circuit 204 is provided with a rectifier module BR. After the drive control circuit 204 is connected to the power grid system, it receives the AC power signal input by the power grid system, and performs processing on the received AC power signal through the rectifier module BR. Rectification to obtain a direct current signal that can charge the first capacitive element C 3 and/or the second capacitive element C 4 .
  • the drive control circuit 204 further includes: a first AC line and a second AC line, which are used to access the AC signal input from the grid system, so The first AC line and the second AC line are used as input lines to input the AC signal to the rectifier module BR.
  • a first AC line and a second AC line are provided in the drive control circuit 204 as the input line from the grid system to the rectifier module BR, and the first AC line and the second AC line are connected to the grid system.
  • the drive control circuit 204 further includes: a third capacitive element C 2 connected to one of the first AC line and the second AC line It is used for filtering the alternating current signal.
  • the drive control circuit 204 is provided with a third capacitive element C 2 between the first AC line and the second AC line for filtering the AC signal provided by the grid system to remove The interference of clutter improves the stability of the drive control circuit 204.
  • the drive control circuit 204 further includes: a fuse F connected to the input end of the first AC line, and/or connected to the The input end of the second AC line is used for overvoltage and overcurrent protection of the motor assembly.
  • a fuse F is provided in the drive control circuit 204, and the fuse F is provided at the input end of the first AC line and/or the second AC line.
  • the fuse F is blown to isolate the overvoltage or overcurrent from the drive control circuit 204, and achieve overvoltage and overcurrent to the drive control circuit 204 protection.
  • the blow-out threshold of the fuse F is lower than the voltage withstand threshold and the current withstand threshold of each component in the drive control circuit 204.
  • the drive control circuit 204 further includes: a common mode inductor L, one of the common mode inductors L is connected in series with the first AC line, The other inductance of the common mode inductance L is connected in series in the second AC line, wherein the common mode inductance L is configured to filter out the existing in the first AC line and the second AC line Common mode interference, and reducing electromagnetic interference generated in the first AC line and the second AC line.
  • a common mode inductor L is provided in the drive control circuit 204, and the common mode inductor L includes at least two inductors.
  • the first inductor is connected in series with the first AC line
  • the second inductor is connected in series with the second AC line.
  • the first inductance and the second inductance work together to eliminate common mode interference existing in the first AC line and the second AC line, and improve the stability of the drive control circuit 204.
  • the common mode inductor L can also reduce electromagnetic interference generated in the first AC line and the second AC line, and further improve the stability and reliability of the drive control circuit 204.
  • the drive control circuit 204 further includes: a fourth capacitive element C 1 connected between the common mode inductor L and the fuse F , Used for filtering the alternating current signal.
  • the driving control circuit 204 is provided with a fourth capacitive element C 1 , the fourth capacitive element C 1 is connected between the common mode inductor L and the fuse F, and the AC signal input to the grid system
  • the filtering process is performed to further reduce the clutter in the alternating current signal and improve the stability and reliability of the drive control circuit 204.
  • the power grid system is connected to the fourth capacitive element C 1 via the neutral terminal N-NI and the live terminal L-IN.
  • the AC signal provided by the mains passes through the fuse F, the common mode inductance L, and the rectifier module BR to be converted It is a direct current signal.
  • the switching device Q since the switching device Q is turned off, the first capacitive element C 3 is not charged.
  • the second capacitive element C 4 is charged through the first resistive element R 1 , and the first capacitive element can be controlled by controlling the capacitance value of the second capacitive element C 4 and the resistance value of the first resistive element R 1 The charging speed of component C 3 .
  • V 0 be the initial voltage value on the second capacitive element C 4
  • Vu be the final voltage value after the second capacitive element C 4 is fully charged
  • V t be the voltage on the second capacitive element C 4 at any time t Value
  • V t V 0 +(V u -V 0 ) ⁇ [1-exp(-t/(R ⁇ C))].
  • R is the resistance value of the first resistive element R 1
  • the voltage is:
  • the charging time of the first capacitive element C 3 can be adjusted to realize slow charging.
  • the driving voltage has a small variation range, and the resistance of the switching device Q can be obtained by the following formula:
  • R mos [(UU 1 )/(U 2 -U 1 )]/(R 2 -R 1 )+R 1 .
  • U 1 is the driving voltage value at the moment when the switching tube is just turned on
  • U is the real-time voltage value of the switching tube
  • the on-resistance is the first resistive element R 1
  • U 2 is the on-resistance is the second resistive
  • an air conditioner 200 including: a motor assembly 202; and a drive control circuit 204 as described in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application,
  • the drive control circuit 204 is configured to control the operation of the motor assembly 202.
  • the air conditioner 200 includes the drive control circuit 204 as described in any of the above technical solutions. Therefore, the air conditioner 200 includes all the beneficial effects of the drive control circuit 204 as described in any of the above technical solutions. , So I won’t repeat it.
  • the term “plurality” refers to two or more than two. Unless otherwise clearly defined, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms “upper” and “lower” are based on the orientation described in the drawings. Or the positional relationship is only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the application; “Connected”, “installed”, “fixed”, etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, “connected” can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or through an intermediate medium. Indirectly connected. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种驱动控制电路和空调器，其中，驱动控制电路包括：第一容性元件和开关元件；第一容性元件被配置为提供空调器的电机组件的启动电压；开关元件接入于第一容性元件的输入线路中，其中，若开关元件导通，则电网系统向第一容性元件进行充电，开关元件的导通时间与第一容性元件的充电电压正相关。通过本申请提供的技术方案，不需要在电机组件的驱动控制电路中设置继电器和热敏电阻，降低了开关元件的硬件损耗和功耗，节省了电路板布局面积。

Description

驱动控制电路和空调器
本申请要求于2019年04月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910364817.X、发明名称为“驱动控制电路和空调器”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本申请要求于2019年04月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910363079.7、发明名称为“驱动控制电路和空调器”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及驱动控制技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种驱动控制电路和一种空调器。
背景技术
一般来说，变频空调器室外机的供电控制系统中，需要使用一个继电器进行控制，在室外机需要启动时，需要控制继电器闭合，以经继电器为室外机的电机组件提供启动电压。
相关技术中，使用继电器的供电控制系统，存在着以下缺点：
(1)经继电器向电机组件供电时，需要对继电器保持上电以闭合供电线路，这就导致空调器的整机功耗较大。
(2)继电器的体积大，占用较多电路板空间。
(3)继电器需要额外增加热敏电阻进行预充电。
(4)继电器的内部触点阻抗较大，开关寿命有限。
另外，整个说明书对背景技术的任何讨论，并不代表该背景技术一定是所属领域技术人员所知晓的现有技术，整个说明书中的对现有技术的任何讨论并不代表认为该现有技术一定是广泛公知的或一定构成本领域的公知常识。
申请内容
本申请旨在至少解决现有技术或相关技术中存在的技术问题之一。
为此，本申请的第一方面提出一种驱动控制电路。
本申请的第二方面提出另一种驱动控制电路。
本申请的第三方面提出另一种空调器。
有鉴于此，本申请的第一方面提供了一种驱动控制电路，包括：第一容性元件，所述第一容性元件被配置为提供电机组件的启动电压；开关元件，接入于所述第一容性元件的输入线路中，其中，若所述开关元件导通，则电网系统向所述第一容性元件进行充电，所述开关元件的导通时间与所述第一容性元件的充电电压正相关。
在该技术方案中，开关元件导通后，电网系统向第一容性元件充电，通过控制开关元件的导通率，可以控制第一容性元件的充电电流有效值，避免电路接入电网时，对电网以及电控板的冲击。
具体地，驱动控制电路还可以包括：保险管、共模电感、整流模块、开关电源和控制器，控制器通过开关电源得电后开始工作，向开关元件发出驱动脉冲，通过驱动脉冲控制开关元件的导通率从而控制第一容性元件的充电电流有效值，驱动脉冲由刚发出时的占空比1％慢慢增加，最终驱动脉冲的占空比达到100％并保持。
其中，驱动脉冲可以为保持不变的形式，也可以为时大时小的形式。第一容性元件的充电电压越高，第一容性元件存储的电能越多，两极上积聚的电荷量越大，因此，需要开关元件具备更长的导通时间，实现了对第一容性元件进行慢充电。
按照上述方式发送驱动脉冲给开关元件，控制开关元件按驱动脉冲的开通时间导通，可以避免电路在接入电网时，对电网以及电控板带来冲击。此外，本申请的技术方案所采用的开关元件的导通阻抗非常小，小于继电器的接触阻抗，因此使用开关元件能够有效降低损耗，开关元件的使用寿命的理论值为无限次，实际使用寿命远超继电器，因此更换的频率较低，可以降低驱动控制电路的维修成本，开关元件的体积相比继电器可缩小80％以上，占用更少的电路板空间，相比使用继电器的方案还省去了热敏电阻，节约下来的电路板空间可以用于布置实现其他功能的集成电路。
通过使用上述驱动控制电路，节省了空调器的内部空间，降低了空调器的功耗，避免空调器接入电网时对电网和电控板的冲击，提升了空调器使用的安全性，提升了用户的使用体验。
其中，第一容性元件可以为一个电容，或多个串联或并联的电容。
其中，开关管可以为IGBT(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor，绝缘栅双极型晶体管)型功率管，也可以为MOSFET(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor，金属氧化物半导体功率场效应晶体管)。
另外，根据本申请上述实施例的驱动控制电路，还可以具有如下附加的技术特征：
在上述任一技术方案中，进一步地，所述驱动控制电路还包括：所述 导通时间与所述电网系统的耐受电流负相关，且所述导通时间与所述电网系统的最大电压阈值正相关。
在该技术方案中，开关元件的导通时间与电网系统的耐受电流负相关，且导通时间与电网系统的最大电压阈值正相关。由于当对第一容性元件进行充电时，在充电的初始时刻，第一容性元件的两极没有电动势差或电动势差较小，第一容性元件的两极上电荷量较小，储备的电能较少，电网对第一容性元件充能时电路中产生的瞬时电流值较大，会对电网和电控板带来冲击，此时开关元件的导通时间需要考虑电网系统的承载能力。按照上述方式发送驱动脉冲给开关元件，控制开关元件按驱动脉冲的开通时间导通，可以避免电路在接入电网时，对电网以及电控板带来冲击。
在上述任一技术方案中，进一步地，所述驱动控制电路还包括：所述导通时间随着所述第一容性元件的充电时间的增大而增大。
在该技术方案中，开关元件的导通时间随着第一容性元件的充电时间的增大而增大，当对第一容性元件进行充电时，在充电的初始时刻，第一容性元件的两极没有电动势差，电路中产生的瞬时电流值较大，会对电网和电控板带来冲击，因此在对容性元件充电的初始阶段，开关元件提供较短的导通时间，随着充电过程的进行，第一容性元件的两极的电荷量不断升高，电路导通后对电网和电控板的冲击减小，因此，可以适当增大开关元件的导通时间，开关元件的导通状态由驱动脉冲控制，驱动脉冲可以为保持不变的形式，也可以为时大时小的形式。
按照上述方式发送驱动脉冲给开关元件，控制开关元件按驱动脉冲的开通时间导通，导通时间随着第一容性元件的充电时间的增大而增大，可以避免电路在接入电网时，对电网以及电控板带来冲击。
在上述任一技术方案中，进一步地，所述驱动控制电路还包括：整流模块，接入于所述电网系统与所述第一容性元件之间，用于将所述电网系统输入的交流电信号转换为直流电信号，其中，所述直流电信号被配置为对所述第一容性元件进行充电。
在该技术方案中，驱动控制电路中设有整流模块，接入于电网系统与第一容性元件之间，用于将电网系统输入的交流电信号转换为直流电信号，直流电信号被配置为对第一容性元件进行充电，整流模块中可以包括整流桥，所述整流桥用于将交流信号转换为直流信号，可以保证空调器电控系统的正常工作。
在上述任一技术方案中，进一步地，所述驱动控制电路还包括：第一交流线路和第二交流线路，用于接入所述电网系数输入的交流电信号，所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路作为输入线路向所述整流模块输入所 述交流电信号。
在该技术方案中，驱动控制电路中包括第一交流线路和第二交流线路，用于接入所述电网系数输入的交流电信号，第一交流线路和第二交流线路作为输入线路向整流模块输入交流电信号，整流模块将交流电信号转换为直流电信号，保证空调器连入交流电网后能够正常工作。
在上述任一技术方案中，进一步地，所述驱动控制电路还包括：第二容性元件，接入于所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路之间，用于对所述交流电信号进行滤波处理。
在该技术方案中，驱动控制电路包括接入于第一交流线路和第二交流线路之间的第二容性元件，用于对交流电信号进行滤波处理，将滤除直流信号后的交流信号输入到整流模块中，保证整流模块的正常工作。
其中，第二容性元件可以为一个电容，或多个串联或并联的电容。
在上述任一技术方案中，进一步地，所述驱动控制电路还包括：保险管，接入于所述第一交流线路的输入端，和/或接入于所述第二交流线路的输入端，用于对所述电机组件进行过压过流保护。
在该技术方案中，驱动控制电路包括保险管，接入于第一交流线路的输入端，和/或接入于第二交流线路的输入端，用于对电机组件进行过压过流保护，防止过压过流现象发生时，过大的电流和电压对空调器内部器件造成损坏。
在上述任一技术方案中，进一步地，所述驱动控制电路还包括：共模电感，所述共模电感中的一个电感串联于所述第一交流线路中，所述共模电感中的另一个电感串联于所述第二交流线路中，其中，所述共模电感被配置为滤除所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路中存在的共模干扰，以及降低所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路中产生的电磁干扰。
在该技术方案中，驱动控制电路包括共模电感，共模电感成对设置，共模电感中的一个电感串联于第一交流线路中，共模电感中的另一个电感串联于第二交流线路中，其中，共模电感被配置为滤除第一交流线路和第二交流线路中存在的共模干扰，以及降低第一交流线路和第二交流线路中产生的电磁干扰，保证空调器的正常工作。
在上述任一技术方案中，进一步地，所述驱动控制电路还包括：第三容性元件，接入于所述共模电感和所述保险管之间，用于对所述交流电信号进行滤波处理。
在该技术方案中，驱动控制电路包括第三容性元件，接入于共模电感和保险管之间，用于对交流电信号进行滤波处理，将滤除直流信号后的交流信号输入到整流模块中，保证整流模块的正常工作。
本申请的第二方面提供了另一种驱动控制电路，包括：第一容性元件，所述第一容性元件被配置为提供电机组件的启动电压；串联的第二容性元件和第一阻性元件，接入于第一容性元件的输入端；开关器件，接入于所述第一容性元件与第二容性元件之间的连线上，其中，若所述开关器件截止，则电网系统经所述第一阻性元件对所述第二容性元件进行充电，所述第二容性元件充电过程中，所述开关器件处于半开通状态，若所述第二容性元件完成充电，则所述开关器件处于完全开通状态，所述半开通状态下的开关器件的导通阻抗大于或等于所述完全开通状态下的开关器件的导通阻抗的100倍，所述完全开通状态下的开关器件的导通阻抗为毫欧级。
在该技术方案中，驱动控制电路中设置有第一容性元件，第一容性元件用于在室外机被配置为在空调器室外机启动时，为室外机电机组件提供启动电压，其中，第一容性元件的容量较大，通常配置为电解电容，驱动控制电路中还设置有串联的第二容性元件和第一阻性元件，以及连接在第一容性元件和第二容性元件之间的开关器件。
当开关器件截止时，第一容性元件被断开，电网系统经由第一阻性元件对第二容性元件进行充电，当开关器件导通时，电网系统对第一容性元件进行充电，所述第二容性元件充电过程中，所述开关器件处于半开通状态，若所述第二容性元件完成充电，则所述开关器件处于完全开通状态，所述半开通状态下的开关器件的导通阻抗大于或等于所述完全开通状态下的开关器件的导通阻抗的100倍，所述完全开通状态下的开关器件的导通阻抗为毫欧级。
应用了本申请提供的技术方案，所述第二容性元件充电过程中，所述开关器件处于半开通状态，若所述第二容性元件完成充电，则所述开关器件处于完全开通状态，所述半开通状态下的开关器件的导通阻抗大于或等于所述完全开通状态下的开关器件的导通阻抗的100倍，所述完全开通状态下的开关器件的导通阻抗为毫欧级，上述驱动控制电路可以实现对第一容性元件的慢速充电，在第二容性元件充电后，开关器件的导通阻抗可低于10毫欧姆，相比继电器的接触阻抗30毫欧姆，开关器件能够降低电路的损耗和功耗，另外，开关器件的寿命理论值为无限多次，进而能够提高驱动控制电路的使用寿命，最后，开关器件与继电器相比，体积可缩小80％以上，并且不需要设置继电器配套的热敏电阻，简化了电路设计的复杂度和硬件成本。
具体地，通过设置上述第二容性元件和上述开关器件，实现了对电解电容(即第一容性元件)进行慢充电，可以选用如可以选用如三极管或晶闸管作为开关器件，不需要使用继电器，由于使用了开关管等导通阻抗较 低的开关器件，进而降低了继电器的硬件损耗和功耗，提升了驱动控制电路的使用寿命。
进一步地，由于开关器件可选用开关管等小体积的开关装置，相对于继电器的体积降低，且不再需要额外设置热敏电阻，因此节约了硬件成本并节省了电路板布局面积，降低了电路板布置难度，优化了电路板的空间利用率。
其中，第一容性元件为空调器室外机的电机组件的启动电容，通常设置为电解电容，第二容性元件与第一阻性元件串联，
其中，开关管的导通阻抗低于10毫欧姆，显著低于继电器的30毫欧姆，因此可有效地降低损耗，且开关管的体积相较于继电器可缩小80％以上，同时不需要设置热敏电阻，进而节省了电路板面积。在室外机开机时，开关管关闭，电网系统通过第一阻性元件为第二容性元件充能。
另外，本申请提供的上述技术方案中的驱动控制电路还可以具有如下附加技术特征：
在上述技术方案中，进一步地，驱动控制电路还包括：第二阻性元件，与所述第一阻性元件串联，所述第二阻性元件被配置为与所述第一阻性元件进行分压，且所述第二阻性元件与所述第二容性元件为并联。
在该技术方案中，驱动控制电路设置有第二阻性元件，第二阻性元件与第一阻性元件串联，同时，第二阻性元件与第二容性元件并联，以实现对第一阻性元件的分压，同时，在驱动控制电路突然掉电或断电时，对第二容性元件进行放电和分压，同时第二阻性元件还可以消耗第二容性元件的放电流，防止驱动控制电路出现过流。
在上述任一技术方案中，进一步地，驱动控制电路还包括：稳压二极管，与所述第二容性元件并联，所述稳压二极管被配置为限制所述开关器件的负载电压低于电压阈值。
在该技术方案中，驱动控制电路中设置有与第二容性元件相并联的稳压二极管，用于限制开关器件的负载电压，当驱动控制电路中出现过压，若开关器件的负载电压高于其所能承受的电压阈值时，稳压二极管生效，有效地降低开关器件的负载电压，以实现对开关器件的过压保护。
在上述任一技术方案中，进一步地，驱动控制电路还包括：整流模块，接入于所述电网系统与所述第二容性元件之间，用于将所述电网系统输入的交流电信号转换为直流电信号，其中，所述直流电信号被配置为对所述第一容性元件和/或所述第二容性元件进行充电。
在该技术方案中，驱动控制电路中设置有整流模块，在驱动控制电路接入电网系统后，接收电网系统输入的交流电信号，并通过整流模块对接 收到的交流电信号进行整流，以得到可为第一容性元件和/或第二容性元件进行充电的直流电信号。
在上述任一技术方案中，进一步地，驱动控制电路还包括：第一交流线路和第二交流线路，用于接入所述电网系统输入的交流电信号，所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路作为输入线路向所述整流模块输入所述交流电信号。
在该技术方案中，驱动控制电路中设置有第一交流线路和第二交流线路，作为电网系统至整流模块之间的输入线路，第一交流线路和第二交流线路接入电网系统，接收电网系统输入的交流电信号，并将该交流电信号传递至整流模块，以通过整流模块对交流电信号进行整流，得到可为第一容性元件和/或第二容性元件进行充电的直流电信号。
在上述任一技术方案中，进一步地，驱动控制电路还包括：第三容性元件，接入于所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路之间，用于对所述交流电信号进行滤波处理。
在该技术方案中，驱动控制电路在第一交流线路和第二交流线路之间设置有第三容性元件，用于对电网系统提供的交流电信号进行滤波，以去除电网系统中杂波的干扰，提高驱动控制电路的稳定性。
在上述任一技术方案中，进一步地，驱动控制电路还包括：保险管，接入于所述第一交流线路的输入端，和/或接入于所述第二交流线路的输入端，用于对所述电机组件进行过压过流保护。
在该技术方案中，驱动控制电路中设置有保险管，保险管设置在第一交流线路和/或第二交流线路的输入端，当电网系统中出现过压、过流等波动时，如果电压或电流超过了驱动控制电路的耐受阈值，保险管被烧断，以将过电压或过电流隔离在驱动控制电路之外，实现对驱动控制电路的过压过流保护。
其中，保险管的烧断阈值低于驱动控制电路中各元器件的电压耐受阈值和电流耐受阈值。
在上述任一技术方案中，进一步地，驱动控制电路还包括：共模电感，所述共模电感中的一个电感串联于所述第一交流线路中，所述共模电感中的另一个电感串联于所述第二交流线路中，其中，所述共模电感被配置为滤除所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路中存在的共模干扰，以及降低所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路中产生的电磁干扰。
在该技术方案中，驱动控制电路中设置有共模电感，共模电感包括至少两个电感，其中第一个电感串联于第一交流线路中，第二个电感串联于第二交流线路中，第一个电感和第二个电感共同作用可消除第一交流线路 和第二交流线路中存在的共模干扰，提高驱动控制电路的稳定性。
具体地，共模电感还可以降低第一交流线路和第二交流线路中产生的电磁干扰，进一步提高驱动控制电路的稳定性和可靠性。
在上述任一技术方案中，进一步地，驱动控制电路还包括：第四容性元件，接入于所述共模电感和所述保险管之间，用于对所述交流电信号进行滤波处理。
在该技术方案中，驱动控制电路中设置有第四容性元件，第四容性元件接入于共模电感和保险管之间，对电网系统输入的交流电信号进行滤波处理，进一步地降低交流电信号中的杂波，提高驱动控制电路的稳定性和可靠性。
根据本申请的第三方面的实施例，提出了一种空调器，包括：电机组件；如本申请的第一方面的实施例所述的驱动控制电路，所述驱动控制电路被配置为控制所述电机组件运行。
其中，第三容性元件可以为一个电容，或多个串联或并联的电容。
在该技术方案中，空调器包括如上述任一技术方案中所述的驱动控制电路，因此，该空调器包括如上述任一技术方案中所述的驱动控制电路的全部有益效果，因此不再赘述。
附图说明
本申请的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的驱动控制电路的结构图；
图2示出了根据本申请的另一个实施例的驱动控制电路的结构图；
图3示出了根据本申请的再一个实施例的驱动控制电路的结构图；
图4示出了根据本申请的一个实施例的空调器的框图。
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚地理解本申请的上述目的、特征和优点，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本申请进行进一步的详细描述。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本申请，但是，本申请还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施，因此，本申请的保护范围并不限于下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
下面参照图1至图4描述根据本申请一些实施例所述驱动控制电路和空调器。
实施例一：
如图1和图2所示，根据本申请的第一方面的实施例，提出了一种驱动控制电路，适用于空调器，所述空调器中设有电机组件，所述驱动控制电路包括：第一容性元件C 3，所述第一容性元件C 3被配置为提供电机组件的启动电压；开关元件Q，接入于所述第一容性元件C 3的输入线路中，其中，若所述开关元件Q导通，则电网系统向所述第一容性元件C 3进行充电，所述开关元件Q的导通时间与所述第一容性元件C 3的充电电压正相关。
在该实施例中，开关元件Q导通后，电网系统向第一容性元件C 3充电，通过控制开关元件Q的导通率，可以控制第一容性元件C 3的充电电流有效值，避免电路接入电网时，对电网以及电控板的冲击。
具体地，驱动控制电路还可以包括：保险管F、共模电感L、整流模块BR、开关电源和控制器。控制器通过开关电源得电后开始工作，向开关元件Q发出驱动脉冲，通过驱动脉冲控制开关元件Q的导通率从而控制第一容性元件C 3的充电电流有效值。
驱动脉冲由刚发出时的占空比1％慢慢增加，最终驱动脉冲的占空比达到100％并保持。其中，驱动脉冲可以为保持不变的形式，也可以为时大时小的形式。第一容性元件C 3的充电电压越高，第一容性元件C 3存储的电能越多，两极上积聚的电荷量越大，因此需要开关元件Q具备更长的导通时间。
以下提供一种计算驱动脉冲开通时间的计算方法，需要指出的是，本申请所保护的技术方案并不限于该方法。
初始的驱动脉冲的开通时间t的计算公式如下：
t＝R 1×C iss×ln[E/(E-V t)]。
其中，Ciss为开关元件的栅极与源极之间的电容值，R1为与开关元件串联的电阻R1的阻值，E为驱动开关元件的额定电压，一般取15V，Vt为开关元件的导通电阻为Ron时的驱动电压值。
另外，R on＝U max/I max，Imax为电网耐受电流(一般取60A以下)，Umax为电网最高电压，通常取264V，故开始期间最大脉冲的占空比D的计算公式为D＝t 2/T。
其中，T为开关脉冲周期，下一脉冲导通时间t2的计算公式如下：
t 2＝R 1×C iss×ln[E/(E-V t2)]。
其中，Vt2为开关元件的导通电阻为Ron2时的驱动电压值，R on2＝(U max-U c3t)/I max，其中U c3t＝E×[1-exp(-t/(R on×C 3))]，其中C3为第一容性元件C3的容值，第二个脉冲的最大占空比为D＝t 2/T，后续的导通时间以及占空比如此类推。
按照上述方式发送驱动脉冲给开关元件Q，控制开关元件Q按驱动脉冲的开通时间导通，可以避免电路在接入电网时，对电网以及电控板带来冲击。本申请的技术方案所采用的开关元件Q的导通阻抗非常小，小于继电器的接触阻抗，因此使用开关元件Q能够有效降低损耗，开关元件Q的使用寿命的理论值为无限次，实际使用寿命远超继电器，因此更换的频率较低，可以降低驱动控制电路的维修成本，开关元件Q的体积相比继电器可缩小80％以上，占用更少的电路板空间，相比使用继电器的方案还省去了热敏电阻，节约下来的电路板空间可以用于布置实现其他功能的集成电路。
通过使用上述驱动控制电路，节省了空调器的内部空间，降低了空调器的功耗，避免空调器接入电网时对电网和电控板的冲击，提升了空调器使用的安全性，提升了用户的使用体验。
其中，开关元件Q可以为上述开关管，第一容性元件C 3可以为一个电容，或多个串联或并联的电容。
另外，根据本申请上述实施例的驱动控制电路，还可以具有如下附加的技术特征：
在本申请的一个实施例中，进一步地，如图1所示，所述驱动控制电路还包括：所述导通时间与所述电网系统的耐受电流负相关，且所述导通时间与所述电网系统的最大电压阈值正相关。
在该实施例中，开关元件Q的导通时间与电网系统的耐受电流负相关，且导通时间与电网系统的最大电压阈值正相关。由于当对第一容性元件C 3进行充电时，在充电的初始时刻，第一容性元件C 3的两极没有电动势差或电动势差较小，第一容性元件C 3的两极上电荷量较小，储备的电能较少，电网对第一容性元件C 3充能时电路中产生的瞬时电流值较大，会对电网和电控板带来冲击，此时开关元件Q的导通时间需要考虑电网系统的承载能力。
以下提供一种计算驱动脉冲开通时间的计算方法，需要指出的是，本申请所保护的技术方案并不限于该方法。
初始的脉冲的开通时间t的计算公式如下：
t＝R 1×C iss×ln[E/(E-V t)]。
其中，C iss为开关元件的栅极与源极之间的电容值，E为驱动开关元件的额定电压，一般取15V，V t为开关元件的导通电阻为R on时的驱动电压值，R on＝U max/I max，I max为电网耐受电流(一般取60A以下)，U max为电网最高电压，通常取264V，故开始期间最大脉冲的占空比D的计算公式为D＝t 2/T，
其中，T为开关脉冲周期，下一脉冲导通时间t 2的计算公式如下：
t 2＝R 1×C iss×ln[E/(E-V t2)]。
其中，V t2为开关元件的导通电阻为R on2时的驱动电压值，R on2＝(U max-U c3t)/I max，其中，U c3t＝E×[1-exp(-t/(R on×C 3))]，其中，C 3为第一容性元件C 3的容值，第二个脉冲的最大占空比为D＝t2/T，后续的导通时间以及占空比如此类推，按照上述方式发送驱动脉冲给开关元件Q，控制开关元件Q按驱动脉冲的开通时间导通，可以避免电路在接入电网时，对电网以及电控板带来冲击。
在本申请的一个实施例中，进一步地，如图1所示，所述驱动控制电路还包括：所述导通时间随着所述第一容性元件C 3的充电时间的增大而增大。
在该实施例中，开关元件Q的导通时间随着第一容性元件C 3的充电时间的增大而增大。当对第一容性元件C 3进行充电时，在充电的初始时刻，第一容性元件C 3的两极没有电动势差，电路中产生的瞬时电流值较大，会对电网和电控板带来冲击，因此在对容性元件C 3充电的初始阶段，开关元件Q提供较短的导通时间，随着充电过程的进行，第一容性元件C 3的两极的电荷量不断升高，电路导通后对电网和电控板的冲击减小，因此可以适当增大开关元件Q的导通时间，开关元件Q的导通状态由驱动脉冲控制。驱动脉冲可以为保持不变的形式，也可以为时大时小的形式。
以下提供一种计算驱动脉冲开通时间的计算方法，需要指出的是，本申请所保护的技术方案并不限于该方法。
初始的脉冲的开通时间t的计算公式如下：
t＝R 1×C iss×ln[E/(E-V t)]。
其中，C iss为开关元件的栅极与源极之间的电容值，E为驱动开关元件的额定电压，一般取15V，V t为开关元件的导通电阻为R on时的驱动电压值，R on＝U max/I max，I max为电网耐受电流(一般取60A以下)，U max为电网最高电压，通常取264V，故开始期间最大脉冲的占空比D的计算公式为D＝t 2/T，其中T为开关脉冲周期，下一脉冲导通时间t 2的计算公式如下：
t 2＝R 1×C iss×ln[E/(E-V t2)]。
其中，V t2为开关元件的导通电阻为R on2时的驱动电压值，R on2＝(U max-U c3t)/I max，其中U c3t＝E×[1-exp(-t/(R on×C 3))]，其中C 3为第一容性元件C 3的容值，第二个脉冲的最大占空比为D＝t 2/T，后续的导通时间以及占空比如此类推。按照上述方式发送驱动脉冲给开关元件Q，控制开关元件Q按驱动脉冲的开通时间导通，可以避免电路在接入电网时， 对电网以及电控板带来冲击。
在本申请的一个实施例中，进一步地，如图1所示，所述驱动控制电路还包括：整流模块BR，接入于所述电网系统与所述第一容性元件C 3之间，用于将所述电网系统输入的交流电信号转换为直流电信号，其中，所述直流电信号被配置为对所述第一容性元件C 3进行充电。
在上述实施例中，驱动控制电路中设有整流模块BR，接入于电网系统与第一容性元件C 3之间，用于将电网系统输入的交流电信号转换为直流电信号，直流电信号被配置为对第一容性元件C 3进行充电。整流模块BR中可以包括整流桥，所述整流桥用于将交流信号转换为直流信号，可以保证空调器电控系统的正常工作。
在本申请的一个实施例中，进一步地，如图1所示，所述驱动控制电路还包括：第一交流线路和第二交流线路，用于接入所述电网系数输入的交流电信号，所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路作为输入线路向所述整流模块BR输入所述交流电信号。
在该实施例中，驱动控制电路中包括第一交流线路和第二交流线路，用于接入所述电网系数输入的交流电信号，第一交流线路和第二交流线路作为输入线路向整流模块BR输入交流电信号。整流模块BR将交流电信号转换为直流电信号，保证空调器连入交流电网后能够正常工作。
在本申请的一个实施例中，进一步地，如图1所示，所述驱动控制电路还包括：第二容性元件C 2，接入于所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路之间，用于对所述交流电信号进行滤波处理。
在该实施例中，驱动控制电路包括接入于第一交流线路和第二交流线路之间的第二容性元件C 2，用于对交流电信号进行滤波处理，将滤除直流信号后的交流信号输入到整流模块BR中，保证整流模块BR的正常工作。其中，第二容性元件C 2可以为电容。
在本申请的一个实施例中，进一步地，如图1所示，所述驱动控制电路还包括：保险管F，接入于所述第一交流线路的输入端，和/或接入于所述第二交流线路的输入端，用于对所述电机组件进行过压过流保护。
在该实施例中，驱动控制电路包括保险管F，接入于第一交流线路的输入端，和/或接入于第二交流线路的输入端，用于对电机组件进行过压过流保护，防止过压过流现象发生时，过大的电流和电压对空调器内部器件造成损坏。
在本申请的一个实施例中，进一步地，如图1所示，所述驱动控制电路还包括：共模电感L，所述共模电感L中的一个电感串联于所述第一交流线路中，所述共模电感L中的另一个电感串联于所述第二交流线路中， 其中，所述共模电感L被配置为滤除所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路中存在的共模干扰，以及降低所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路中产生的电磁干扰。
在该实施例中，驱动控制电路包括共模电感L，共模电感L成对设置，共模电感L中的一个电感串联于第一交流线路中，共模电感L中的另一个电感串联于第二交流线路中，其中，共模电感L被配置为滤除第一交流线路和第二交流线路中存在的共模干扰，以及降低第一交流线路和第二交流线路中产生的电磁干扰，保证空调器的正常工作。
在本申请的一个实施例中，进一步地，如图1所示，所述驱动控制电路还包括：第三容性元件C 1，接入于所述共模电感L和所述保险管F之间，用于对所述交流电信号进行滤波处理。
在该实施例中，驱动控制电路包括第三容性元件C 1，接入于共模电感L和保险管F之间，用于对交流电信号进行滤波处理，将滤除直流信号后的交流信号输入到整流模块BR中，保证整流模块BR的正常工作。
如图2所示，在本申请的一个实施例中，进一步地，可以在开关元件的两端并联保护电阻R 2、稳压二极管D以及保护电容C 4增强电路的可靠性。
实施例二：
如图3所示，根据本申请第二方面的实施例，提供了一种驱动控制电路204，包括：第一容性元件C 3，所述第一容性元件C 3被配置为提供电机组件的启动电压，串联的第二容性元件C 4和第一阻性元件R 1，接入于第一容性元件C 3的输入端；开关器件Q，接入于所述第一容性元件C 3与第二容性元件C 4之间的连线上，其中，若所述开关器件Q截止，则电网系统经所述第一阻性元件R 1对所述第二容性元件C 4进行充电，所述第二容性元件C 4充电过程中，所述开关器件Q处于半开通状态，若所述第二容性元件C 4完成充电，则所述开关器件Q处于完全开通状态，所述半开通状态下的开关器件Q的导通阻抗大于或等于所述完全开通状态下的开关器件Q的导通阻抗的100倍，所述完全开通状态下的开关器件Q的导通阻抗为毫欧级。
在该实施例中，驱动控制电路204中设置有第一容性元件C 3，第一容性元件C 3用于在室外机被配置为在空调器室外机启动时，为室外机电机组件提供启动电压，其中，第一容性元件C 3的容量较大，通常配置为电解电容，驱动控制电路204中还设置有串联的第二容性元件C 4和第一阻性元件R 1，以及连接在第一容性元件C 3和第二容性元件C 4之间的开关器件Q。
当开关器件Q截止时，第一容性元件C 3被断开，电网系统经由第一阻性元件R 1对第二容性元件C 4进行充电，当开关器件Q导通时，电网系统 对第一容性元件C 3进行充电，所述第二容性元件C 4充电过程中，所述开关器件Q处于半开通状态，若所述第二容性元件C 4完成充电，则所述开关器件Q处于完全开通状态，所述半开通状态下的开关器件Q的导通阻抗大于或等于所述完全开通状态下的开关器件Q的导通阻抗的100倍，所述完全开通状态下的开关器件Q的导通阻抗为毫欧级。
应用了本申请提供的技术方案，所述第二容性元件C 4充电过程中，所述开关器件Q处于半开通状态，若所述第二容性元件C 4完成充电，则所述开关器件Q处于完全开通状态，所述半开通状态下的开关器件Q的导通阻抗大于或等于所述完全开通状态下的开关器件Q的导通阻抗的100倍，所述完全开通状态下的开关器件Q的导通阻抗为毫欧级，上述驱动控制电路204可以实现对第一容性元件C 3的慢速充电，在第二容性元件C 4充电后，开关器件Q的导通阻抗可低于10毫欧姆，相比继电器的接触阻抗30毫欧姆，开关器件Q能够降低电路的损耗和功耗，另外，开关器件Q的寿命理论值为无限多次，进而能够提高驱动控制电路的使用寿命，最后，开关器件Q与继电器相比，体积可缩小80％以上，并且不需要设置继电器配套的热敏电阻，简化了电路设计的复杂度和硬件成本。
同时，由于开关器件Q可选用开关管等小体积的开关装置，相对于继电器的体积降低，且不再需要额外设置热敏电阻，因此节约了硬件成本并节省了电路板布局面积，降低了电路板布置难度，优化了电路板的空间利用率。
具体地，通过设置上述第二容性元件C 4和上述开关器件Q，实现了对电解电容(即第一容性元件C 3)进行慢充电，可以选用如可以选用如三极管或晶闸管作为开关器件，不需要使用继电器，由于使用了开关管等导通阻抗较低的开关器件Q，进而降低了继电器的硬件损耗和功耗，提升了驱动控制电路204的使用寿命。
进一步地，由于开关器件Q可选用开关管等小体积的开关装置，相对于继电器的体积降低，且不再需要额外设置热敏电阻，因此节约了硬件成本并节省了电路板布局面积，降低了电路板布置难度，优化了电路板的空间利用率。
其中，开关管的导通阻抗低于10毫欧姆，显著低于继电器的30毫欧姆，因此可有效地降低损耗，且开关管的体积相较于继电器可缩小80％以上，同时不需要设置热敏电阻，进而节省了电路板面积。在室外机开机时，开关管关闭，电网系统通过第一阻性元件R 1为第二容性元件C 4充能。
其中，开关管可以为IGBT(Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor，绝缘栅双极型晶体管)型功率管，也可以为MOSFET(Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor  Field-Effect Transistor，金属氧化物半导体功率场效应晶体管)。
在本申请的一个实施例中，进一步地，如图1所示，驱动控制电路204还包括：第二阻性元件R 2，与所述第一阻性元件R 1串联，所述第二阻性元件R 2被配置为与所述第一阻性元件R 1进行分压，且所述第二阻性元件R 2与所述第二容性元件C 4为并联。
在该实施例中，驱动控制电路204设置有第二阻性元件R 2，第二阻性元件R 2与第一阻性元件R 1串联，同时，第二阻性元件R 2与第二容性元件C 4并联，以实现对第一阻性元件R1的分压，同时，在驱动控制电路突然掉电或断电时，第二阻性元件R 2用于释放第二容性元件C 4的电量和分压，同时第二阻性元件R 2还可以消耗第二容性元件C 4的放电流，防止驱动控制电路204出现过流。
在本申请的一个实施例中，进一步地，如图1所示，驱动控制电路204还包括：稳压二极管D，与所述第二容性元件C 4并联，所述稳压二极管D被配置为限制所述开关器件Q的负载电压低于电压阈值。
在该实施例中，驱动控制电路204中设置有与第二容性元件C 4相并联的稳压二极管D，用于限制开关器件Q的负载电压，当驱动控制电路204中出现过压，若开关器件Q的负载电压高于其所能承受的电压阈值时，稳压二极管D生效，有效地降低开关器件Q的负载电压，以实现对开关器件Q的过压保护。
具体地，稳压二极管D可保证开关器件Q两端的电压低于20V。
在本申请的一个实施例中，进一步地，如图1所示，驱动控制电路204还包括：整流模块BR，接入于所述电网系统与所述第二容性元件C 4之间，用于将所述电网系统输入的交流电信号转换为直流电信号，其中，所述直流电信号被配置为对所述第一容性元件C 3和/或所述第二容性元件C 4进行充电。
在该实施例中，驱动控制电路204中设置有整流模块BR，在驱动控制电路204接入电网系统后，接收电网系统输入的交流电信号，并通过整流模块BR对接收到的交流电信号进行整流，以得到可为第一容性元件C 3和/或第二容性元件C 4进行充电的直流电信号。
在本申请的一个实施例中，进一步地，如图1所示，驱动控制电路204还包括：第一交流线路和第二交流线路，用于接入所述电网系统输入的交流电信号，所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路作为输入线路向所述整流模块BR输入所述交流电信号。
在该实施例中，驱动控制电路204中设置有第一交流线路和第二交流线路，作为电网系统至整流模块BR之间的输入线路，第一交流线路和第 二交流线路接入电网系统，接收电网系统输入的交流电信号，并将该交流电信号传递至整流模块BR，以通过整流模块BR对交流电信号进行整流，得到可为第一容性元件C 3和/或第二容性元件C 4进行充电的直流电信号。
在本申请的一个实施例中，进一步地，如图1所示，驱动控制电路204还包括：第三容性元件C 2，接入于所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路之间，用于对所述交流电信号进行滤波处理。
在该实施例中，驱动控制电路204在第一交流线路和第二交流线路之间设置有第三容性元件C 2，用于对电网系统提供的交流电信号进行滤波，以去除电网系统中杂波的干扰，提高驱动控制电路204的稳定性。
在本申请的一个实施例中，进一步地，如图1所示，驱动控制电路204还包括：保险管F，接入于所述第一交流线路的输入端，和/或接入于所述第二交流线路的输入端，用于对所述电机组件进行过压过流保护。
在该实施例中，驱动控制电路204中设置有保险管F，保险管F设置在第一交流线路和/或第二交流线路的输入端，当电网系统中出现过压、过流等波动时，如果电压或电流超过了驱动控制电路204的耐受阈值，保险管F被烧断，以将过电压或过电流隔离在驱动控制电路204之外，实现对驱动控制电路204的过压过流保护。其中，保险管F的烧断阈值低于驱动控制电路204中各元器件的电压耐受阈值和电流耐受阈值。
在本申请的一个实施例中，进一步地，如图1所示，驱动控制电路204还包括：共模电感L，所述共模电感L中的一个电感串联于所述第一交流线路中，所述共模电感L中的另一个电感串联于所述第二交流线路中，其中，所述共模电感L被配置为滤除所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路中存在的共模干扰，以及降低所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路中产生的电磁干扰。
在该实施例中，驱动控制电路204中设置有共模电感L，共模电感L包括至少两个电感，其中第一个电感串联于第一交流线路中，第二个电感串联于第二交流线路中，第一个电感和第二个电感共同作用可消除第一交流线路和第二交流线路中存在的共模干扰，提高驱动控制电路204的稳定性。
具体地，共模电感L还可以降低第一交流线路和第二交流线路中产生的电磁干扰，进一步提高驱动控制电路204的稳定性和可靠性。
在本申请的一个实施例中，进一步地，如图1所示，驱动控制电路204还包括：第四容性元件C 1，接入于所述共模电感L和所述保险管F之间，用于对所述交流电信号进行滤波处理。
在该实施例中，驱动控制电路204中设置有第四容性元件C 1，第四容 性元件C 1接入于共模电感L和保险管F之间，对电网系统输入的交流电信号进行滤波处理，进一步地降低交流电信号中的杂波，提高驱动控制电路204的稳定性和可靠性。
其中，电网系统经零线端子N-NI和火线端子L-IN接入于第四容性元件C 1。
在本申请的一个实施例中，进一步地，如图1所示，在空调器通电后，市电(电网系统)提供的交流电信号通过保险管F、共模电感L、整流模块BR后转化为直流电信号。此时由于开关器件Q关断，第一容性元件C 3并没有充电。
第二容性元件C 4通过第一阻性元件R 1进行充电，通过控制第二容性元件C 4的容值大小和第一阻性元件R 1的阻值大小，可控制第一容性元件C 3的充电速度。
其中，容性元件的充电放电时间计算公式的推导过程如下：
设V 0为第二容性元件C 4上的初始电压值，Vu为第二容性元件C 4充满后的终止电压值，V t为任意时刻t时第二容性元件C 4上的电压值，则有：
V t＝V 0+(V u-V 0)×[1-exp(-t/(R×C))]。
其中，R为第一阻性元件R 1的电阻值，C为第二容性元件C 4的电容值。如果第二容性元件C 4的初始电压值为0，充满后的终止电压值为E，即当V 0＝0，V u＝E时，任意时刻t时第二容性元件C 4上的电压为：
V t＝E×[1-exp(-t/(R×C))]，t＝R×C×Ln[E/(E-V t)]。
因此，通过调整第二容性元件C 4的容值大小和第一阻性元件R 1的阻值大小，可实现对第一容性元件C 3充电时间的调整，实现慢速充电。
由于开关器件Q从开通到5欧姆导通电阻时(设定电网系统的冲击电流小于60A)，驱动电压的变化范围较小，开关器件Q的阻值可通过以下公式获得：
R mos＝[(U-U 1)/(U 2-U 1)]/(R 2-R 1)+R 1。
其中，U 1为开关管刚导通瞬间的驱动电压值，U为开关管的实时电压值，此时导通电阻为第一阻性元件R 1，U 2为导通电阻为第二阻性元件R 2时(R 2可取5欧姆)的驱动电压值，则第一容性元件C 3上的电压为U c3＝E×[1-exp(-t/(R mos×C 3))]。
如图4所示，在本申请的第二方面的实施例中，提供了一种空调器200，包括：电机组件202；如本申请的第一方面的实施例所述的驱动控制电路204，所述驱动控制电路204被配置为控制所述电机组件202运行。
在该实施例中，空调器200包括如上述任一技术方案中所述的驱动控制电路204，因此，该空调器200包括如上述任一技术方案中所述的驱动 控制电路204的全部有益效果，因此不再赘述。
以上结合附图详细说明了本申请的技术方案，考虑到相关技术中，供电控制通常需要通过继电器实现，存在能耗较大、占用较多的电路板空间、需要额外元器件配合，更换成本高等问题，因而本申请提出了一种驱动控制电路和一种空调器，可以部分克服上述技术缺陷。
本申请的描述中，术语“多个”则指两个或两个以上，除非另有明确的限定，术语“上”、“下”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所述的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制；术语“连接”、“安装”、“固定”等均应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
在本申请的描述中，术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“具体实施例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本申请中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或实例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种驱动控制电路，适用于空调器，所述空调器中设有电机组件，其中，所述驱动控制电路包括：
    第一容性元件，所述第一容性元件被配置为提供电机组件的启动电压；
    开关元件，接入于所述第一容性元件的输入线路中，
    其中，若所述开关元件导通，则电网系统向所述第一容性元件进行充电，所述开关元件的导通时间与所述第一容性元件的充电电压正相关。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动控制电路，其中，还包括：
    所述导通时间与所述电网系统的耐受电流负相关，且所述导通时间与所述电网系统的最大电压阈值正相关。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的驱动控制电路，其中，还包括：
    所述导通时间随着所述第一容性元件的充电时间的增大而增大。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的驱动控制电路，其中，还包括：
    整流模块，接入于所述电网系统与所述第一容性元件之间，用于将所述电网系统输入的交流电信号转换为直流电信号，
    其中，所述直流电信号被配置为对所述第一容性元件进行充电。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的驱动控制电路，其中，还包括：
    第一交流线路和第二交流线路，用于接入所述电网系数输入的交流电信号，所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路作为输入线路向所述整流模块输入所述交流电信号。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的驱动控制电路，其中，还包括：
    第二容性元件，接入于所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路之间，用于对所述交流电信号进行滤波处理。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的驱动控制电路，其中，还包括：
    保险管，接入于所述第一交流线路的输入端，和/或接入于所述第二交流线路的输入端，用于对所述电机组件进行过压过流保护。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的驱动控制电路，其中，还包括：
    共模电感，所述共模电感中的一个电感串联于所述第一交流线路中，所述共模电感中的另一个电感串联于所述第二交流线路中，
    其中，所述共模电感被配置为滤除所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路中存在的共模干扰，以及降低所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路中产生的电磁干扰。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的驱动控制电路，其中，还包括：
    第三容性元件，接入于所述共模电感和所述保险管之间，用于对所述 交流电信号进行滤波处理。
  10. 一种驱动控制电路，适用于空调器，所述空调器中设有电机组件，其中，所述驱动控制电路包括：
    第一容性元件，所述第一容性元件被配置为提供电机组件的启动电压；
    串联的第二容性元件和第一阻性元件，接入于第一容性元件的输入端；
    开关器件，接入于所述第一容性元件与第二容性元件之间的连线上，其中，若所述开关器件截止，则电网系统经所述第一阻性元件对所述第二容性元件进行充电，所述第二容性元件充电过程中，所述开关器件处于半开通状态，若所述第二容性元件完成充电，则所述开关器件处于完全开通状态，所述半开通状态下的开关器件的导通阻抗大于或等于所述完全开通状态下的开关器件的导通阻抗的100倍，所述完全开通状态下的开关器件的导通阻抗为毫欧级。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的驱动控制电路，其中，还包括：
    第二阻性元件，与所述第一阻性元件串联，所述第二阻性元件被配置为与所述第一阻性元件进行分压，且所述第二阻性元件与所述第二容性元件为并联。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的驱动控制电路，其中，还包括：
    稳压二极管，与所述第二容性元件并联，所述稳压二极管被配置为限制所述开关器件的负载电压低于电压阈值。
  13. 根据权利要求10至12中任一项所述的驱动控制电路，其中，还包括：
    整流模块，接入于所述电网系统与所述第二容性元件之间，用于将所述电网系统输入的交流电信号转换为直流电信号，
    其中，所述直流电信号被配置为对所述第一容性元件和/或所述第二容性元件进行充电。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的驱动控制电路，其中，还包括：
    第一交流线路和第二交流线路，用于接入所述电网系统输入的交流电信号，所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路作为输入线路向所述整流模块输入所述交流电信号。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的驱动控制电路，其中，还包括：
    第三容性元件，接入于所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路之间，用于对所述交流电信号进行滤波处理。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的驱动控制电路，其中，还包括：
    保险管，接入于所述第一交流线路的输入端，和/或接入于所述第二交流线路的输入端，用于对所述电机组件进行过压过流保护。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的驱动控制电路，其中，还包括：
    共模电感，所述共模电感中的一个电感串联于所述第一交流线路中，所述共模电感中的另一个电感串联于所述第二交流线路中，
    其中，所述共模电感被配置为滤除所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路中存在的共模干扰，以及降低所述第一交流线路和所述第二交流线路中产生的电磁干扰。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的驱动控制电路，其中，还包括：
    第四容性元件，接入于所述共模电感和所述保险管之间，用于对所述交流电信号进行滤波处理。
  19. 一种空调器，其中，包括：
    电机组件；
    如权利要求1至18中任一项所述的驱动控制电路，所述驱动控制电路被配置为控制所述电机组件运行。
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