WO2020215839A1 - 一种铜基墨水及其制备方法、电极的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种铜基墨水及其制备方法、电极的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020215839A1 WO2020215839A1 PCT/CN2020/071883 CN2020071883W WO2020215839A1 WO 2020215839 A1 WO2020215839 A1 WO 2020215839A1 CN 2020071883 W CN2020071883 W CN 2020071883W WO 2020215839 A1 WO2020215839 A1 WO 2020215839A1
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- copper
- based ink
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 115
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- HFDWIMBEIXDNQS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diformate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O HFDWIMBEIXDNQS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- LSIWWRSSSOYIMS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;diformate;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O LSIWWRSSSOYIMS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940058020 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- CBTVGIZVANVGBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminomethyl propanol Chemical group CC(C)(N)CO CBTVGIZVANVGBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019445 benzyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 phenylhydrazine-octylamine-oleic acid Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 12
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical compound [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004093 laser heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002082 metal nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012736 patent blue V Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001039 wet etching Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/288—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a liquid, e.g. electrolytic deposition
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of laser direct writing, in particular to a copper-based ink, a preparation method thereof, and a preparation method of electrodes.
- Thin Film Transistor TFT as a driving unit of LCD and LED display devices, has an important influence on the performance of display devices. As the resolution of the display panel increases and the screen size becomes larger, the metal electrode traces of the TFT become longer and longer, and the resistance value becomes larger and larger. The increase in resistance leads to problems such as signal delay, which affects the display performance. Therefore, it is imperative to develop electrode materials with lower resistivity.
- the metal copper has higher conductivity than the traditional metal aluminum, which can significantly reduce the resistance of the device, and the cost of copper is lower than aluminum, so copper has gradually become the main material required for TFT electrodes.
- etching technology is mainly used to prepare TFT metal copper electrode.
- the process includes PVD film formation, photoresist coating, photolithography, wet etching and photoresist stripping, etc.
- the process is more complicated; and this method causes a lot of problems in the etching process.
- laser direct writing technology can directly prepare patterned metal electrode structures from metal nanoparticles. This method is widely used in the field of micro-nano processing of polymers, gold and silver nanoparticles.
- the laser processing can easily cause copper oxidation, resulting in a decrease in electrical conductivity.
- copper oxidation can be avoided under nitrogen protection, it is not practical for actual mass production.
- the present invention provides a copper-based ink and its preparation method and electrode preparation method to solve the problem that laser heating in the prior art can easily cause copper oxidation, resulting in a decrease in electrical conductivity, which is not conducive to actual mass production. The problem.
- the present invention provides a copper-based ink, the raw materials of which according to mass fractions include: copper formate, 5% to 35%; complexing agent, 0.5% to 20%; copper nanoparticles, 2% ⁇ 60%; solvent, balance.
- the solvent includes at least one of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, tert-butanol and benzyl alcohol.
- the complexing agent is an alkanolamine; the alkanolamine is 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol or octylamine or a mixture of the two.
- the amount concentration of the copper nanoparticle substance is twice the amount concentration of the copper formate substance.
- the present invention also provides a method for preparing copper-based ink, which includes the following steps: S11) dissolving a complexing agent in a solvent, and stirring for 10 to 30 minutes to obtain a first solution. The mass fraction of the complexing agent accounts for copper. 0.5%-20% of the base ink; S12) Add copper formate or copper formate tetrahydrate powder to the first solution and stir for 1 hour to obtain a second solution, wherein the mass fraction of copper formate accounts for 5 percent of the copper-based ink. % To 35%; S13) adding copper nanoparticles to the second solution to obtain the copper-based ink; the mass fraction of the copper nanoparticles accounts for 2% to 60% of the copper-based ink.
- the preparation method of the copper-based ink further includes the step of preparing copper nanoparticles: S131) at a temperature of 180°, reducing copper acetate into copper nanoparticles by a thermal reduction method in a reaction medium; S132) passing a centrifuge The copper nanoparticles are obtained by separation and purification.
- reaction medium in step S131) is phenylhydrazine-octylamine-oleic acid.
- the present invention also provides a method for preparing an electrode, including the following steps: S21) providing a substrate and the copper-based ink according to any one of claims 1 to 4; S22) spin-coating the copper-based ink solution Forming a first film layer on the substrate; S23) heating the substrate to keep the temperature between 60° and 70°; S24) focusing the pulsed laser on the first film layer on the substrate to make The copper nanoparticles in the copper-based ink are melted and then solidified to form an electrode.
- it also includes S25) moving the substrate or the pulsed laser according to a predetermined route to form a preset pattern on the first film; S26) dissolving and removing the first film not irradiated by the pulsed laser Film layer to obtain a mixed solution containing the copper-based ink.
- the first film layer not irradiated by the pulsed laser is dissolved and removed by an isopropanol solution, and the mixed solution containing the copper-based ink obtained after dissolution can be used as a new Copper-based ink is reused.
- the copper-based ink and the preparation method thereof, and the preparation method of the electrode of the present invention are a decomposable copper-based metal organic compound.
- the copper nano-particles are polymerized under laser to prepare a copper structure, and the copper-based metal organic compound is used as Copper formate decomposes under the laser to generate gas and Cu characteristics, reducing copper oxidation. In this way, a high-precision, high-conductivity copper electrode structure is obtained, which will greatly promote the development of TFTs in display fields such as LCD and OLED.
- the copper nanoparticles are heated by laser pulses, so that the copper nanoparticles are gathered together and solidified.
- the generated CO2 and other gases effectively hinder the reaction of O2 with Cu. Therefore, the copper oxidation is effectively avoided, which is beneficial to obtain high Conductivity copper electrode.
- the corresponding pattern is obtained. Then use a solvent such as isopropanol to wash away the unreacted copper formate, so that the substrate has the copper electrode pattern we need.
- the washed copper ink can also be recycled, which can effectively avoid material waste.
- Figure 1 is a flow chart of the preparation of copper nanoparticles in an embodiment.
- Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the preparation of the copper-based ink in the embodiment.
- Fig. 3 is a flow chart of electrode preparation in the embodiment.
- the copper-based ink of the present invention includes the copper formate or copper formate tetrahydrate, copper nanoparticles as a complexing agent, and a solvent.
- the raw materials of the copper-based ink include in mass fraction: copper formate, 5% to 35%; complexing agent, 0.5% to 20%; copper nanoparticles, 2% to 60%; the balance is solvent.
- the copper formate or copper formate tetrahydrate is the main body of the copper-based ink, and the copper formate is generally light blue crystal, easily soluble in water, and the solution is sky blue.
- the complexing agent can undergo a complex reaction with metal ions to form complex ions, so that the reaction in the solution proceeds in the direction of precipitation dissolution, affecting the completeness of precipitation, and even no precipitation phenomenon occurs.
- the complexing agent of the present invention is alkanolamine (2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol or octylamine or a mixture of the two in any ratio), the complexing agent and copper formate
- the molar ratio ranges from 1:10-2:1.
- the copper nanoparticles are copper nanoparticles without surface oxides, and the concentration of the substance is 0.5 to 4 times the concentration of the copper formate substance, and the optimal ratio is 2 times.
- the solvent is an alcohol solution such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, tert-butanol or benzyl alcohol.
- the steps of preparing the copper nanoparticles include:
- Cu melts and polymerizes together under the action of a laser to form a solidified structure.
- CO2 and H2 can volatilize into the air, so that there is only Cu material on the substrate, which prevents organic matter from remaining in Cu.
- CO2 and other gases can effectively block oxygen from contacting copper, reducing copper oxidation. Therefore, the ink is very suitable for laser direct writing technology.
- the preparation method of a copper-based ink in this embodiment includes the following steps:
- this embodiment also provides a method for preparing an electrode, as shown in FIG. 3, including step S21)-step S24).
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Abstract
一种铜基墨水,包括以下原料:甲酸铜或甲酸铜四水合物 5%~35%;络合剂 0.5%~20%;铜纳米颗粒 2%~60%;溶剂余量。其制备方法包括:S11)将络合剂溶于溶剂中,搅拌10分钟~30分钟,得到第一溶液;S12)向第一溶液加入甲酸铜或甲酸铜四水合物粉末,搅拌1小时,得到第二溶液;S13)向第二溶液中加入铜纳米颗粒,得到铜基墨水。使用该铜基墨水制备电极的方法,包括:将该铜基墨水溶液旋涂于基板上形成第一膜层;加热基板,使温度保持在60°~70°之间;将脉冲激光聚焦于基板上的第一膜层以使铜基墨水中的铜纳米颗粒熔化后再凝固形成电极。
Description
本发明涉及激光直写领域,特别涉及一种铜基墨水及其制备方法、电极的制备方法。
薄膜场效应晶体管(Thin Film Transistor TFT)作为LCD和LED显示器件的驱动单元,对于显示设备的性能具有重要的影响。而随着显示面板的分辨率的提高和画面尺寸的变大,TFT的金属电极走线也变得越来越长,阻值也就变得越来越大。阻值的提高导致则导致信号延误等问题,从而影响了显示性能,因此开发更低电阻率的电极材料变得势在必行。而金属铜则比传统的金属铝有更高的电导率,可以明显地减小器件阻抗,且铜比铝的成本更低,因此铜逐渐成为TFT电极所需的主要材料。
目前主要采用刻蚀技术制备TFT金属铜电极,其工艺包括PVD成膜、光阻涂布、光刻、湿蚀刻和光阻剥离等多种工艺,工艺较复杂;且该方法在蚀刻过程中造成较多的材料浪费。而激光直写技术作为一种增材制造技术,则可以直接由金属纳米颗粒制备得到图案化的金属电极结构,该方法被广泛应用于聚合物、金、银纳米颗粒的微纳加工领域。然而对于铜纳米颗粒来说,该激光加工极易造成铜氧化,导致其电导率降低。虽然在氮气保护条件下可以避免铜氧化,但这对于实际的大规模生产来说并不实用。因此开发大气环境下的加工方法或材料对于直写铜电极的发展非常必要。而我们通过对铜墨水的优化,制得铜基金属有机物的墨水,使其在激光加工过程中产生CO2等气体来阻碍熔融铜被氧气氧化,从而得到高电导率的铜电极。
为了解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种铜基墨水及其制备方法、电极的制备方法用以解决现有技术中激光加热极易造成铜氧化,导致电导率降低,不利于实际的大规模生产的问题。
解决上述问题的技术方案是,本发明提供了一种铜基墨水,其原料按质量分数包括:甲酸铜,5%~35%;络合剂,0.5%~20%;铜纳米颗粒,2%~60%;溶剂,余量。
进一步的,所述溶剂包括甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、叔丁醇和苄基醇中的至少一种。
进一步的,所述络合剂为烷醇胺;所述烷醇胺为2-氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇或辛胺或二者的混合物。
进一步的,所述铜纳米颗粒物质的量浓度为所述甲酸铜物质的量浓度的2倍。
本发明还提供了一种铜基墨水的制备方法,包括如下步骤:S11)将络合剂溶于溶剂中,搅拌10分钟~30分钟,得到第一溶液,所述络合剂质量分数占铜基墨水的0.5%~20%;S12)向所述第一溶液加入甲酸铜或甲酸铜四水合物粉末,搅拌1小时,得到第二溶液,其中所述甲酸铜质量分数占铜基墨水的5%~35%;S13)向所述第二溶液中加入铜纳米颗粒,得到所述的铜基墨水;所述铜纳米颗粒的质量分数占铜基墨水的的2%~60%。
进一步的,所述铜基墨水的制备方法还包括铜纳米颗粒制备步骤:S131)在180°的温度下,在反应介质中通过热还原法将醋酸铜还原成铜纳米颗粒;S132)通过离心机分离纯化得到所述铜纳米颗粒。
进一步的,所述S131)步骤中的反应介质为苯肼-辛胺-油酸。
本发明还提供了一种电极的制备方法,包括以下步骤:S21)提供一基板以及如权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的铜基墨水;S22)将所述铜基墨水溶液旋涂于所述基板上形成第一膜层;S23)加热所述基板,使温度保持在60°~70°之间;S24)将脉冲激光聚焦于所述基板上的所述第一膜层以使所述铜基墨水中的铜纳米颗粒熔化后再凝固形成电极。
进一步的,还包括S25)按预定的路线移动所述基板或所述脉冲激光,在所述第一膜层形成预设图案;S26)溶解并去除未被所述脉冲激光照射的所述第一膜层,得到含所述铜基墨水的混合溶液。
进一步的,所述步骤S26)中,通过异丙醇溶液溶解并去除未被所述脉冲激光照射的所述第一膜层,溶解后得到的含所述铜基墨水的混合溶液可作为新 的铜基墨水重新使用。
本发明的铜基墨水及其制备方法、电极的制备方法,铜基墨水的主要成分为可分解的铜基金属有机物,利用铜纳米颗粒激光下聚合来制备铜结构,同时利用铜基金属有机物如甲酸铜在激光下分解产生气体和Cu的特性,减少铜的氧化。从而获得高精度、高电导的铜电极结构,这将对LCD和OLED等显示领域的TFT发展起到很大的促进作用。所述电极的制备方法中,通过激光脉冲加热铜纳米颗粒,使铜纳米颗粒聚集到一起固化成型,产生的CO2等气体有效阻碍O2与Cu反应,因此有效地避免的铜氧化,有利于获得高电导率铜电极。通过按照特定的路径移动基板或光束,从而得到相应的图案。然后利用异丙醇等溶剂洗去未被反应的甲酸铜,这样基板上便有了我们所需的铜电极图案。并且洗去的铜墨水还可以被回收利用,可以有效地避免材料浪费。
图1是实施例中的铜纳米颗粒制备流程图。
图2是实施例中的铜基墨水制备流程图。
图3是实施例中的电极制备流程图。
以下实施例的说明是参考附加的图式,用以例示本发明可用以实施的特定实施例。本发明所提到的方向用语,例如「上」、「下」、「前」、「后」、「左」、「右」、「顶」、「底」等,仅是参考附加图式的方向。因此,使用的方向用语是用以说明及理解本发明,而非用以限制本发明。
在一实施例中,本发明的铜基墨水包括所述甲酸铜或甲酸铜四水合物、络合剂铜纳米颗粒以及溶剂。其中,所述铜基墨水的原料按质量分数包括:甲酸铜,5%~35%;络合剂,0.5%~20%;铜纳米颗粒,2%~60%;余量为溶剂。
所述甲酸铜或甲酸铜四水合物为所述铜基墨水的主体,所述甲酸铜一般浅蓝色晶体,易溶于水,溶液为天蓝色。
所述络合剂可以与金属离子发生络合反应从而形成络合离子,使溶液中 的反应向沉淀溶解的方向进行,影响沉淀的完全程度,甚至不产生沉淀现象。本实施例中,本发明的所述络合剂为烷醇胺(2-氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇或辛胺或任意比例二者的混合物),络合剂与甲酸铜的摩尔比范围为1:10-2:1。
所述铜纳米颗粒为无表面氧化物的铜纳米颗粒,其物质的量浓度为所述甲酸铜物质的量浓度的0.5至4倍,最优比为2倍。
所述溶剂为甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、叔丁醇或苄基醇等醇溶液。
如图1所示,其中所述铜纳米颗粒制备步骤包括:
S131)在180°的温度下,在反应介质中通过热还原法将醋酸铜还原成铜纳米颗粒,其中所述反应介质为苯肼-辛胺-油酸。
S132)通过离心机分离纯化得到所述铜纳米颗粒。
由于甲酸铜在激光作用下,可以分解产生Cu(铜)、CO2(二氧化碳)和H2(氢气),其反应方程式如下所示:
Cu在激光作用下熔融聚合到一起,形成固化结构。而CO2和H2则可以挥发到空气中,从而基底上只有Cu材料,避免了有机物残留在Cu中,同时CO2等气体可以有效阻挡氧气与铜接触,减小了铜的氧化。因此该墨水非常适用于激光直写技术。
如图2所示,为了更好的解释本发明,本实施的一种铜基墨水的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S11)将络合剂溶于溶剂中,搅拌10分钟~30分钟,得到第一溶液,所述络合剂质量分数占铜基墨水的0.5%~20%。
S12)向所述第一溶液加入甲酸铜或甲酸铜四水合物粉末,搅拌1小时,得到第二溶液,其中所述甲酸铜质量分数占铜基墨水的5%~35%。
S13)向所述第二溶液中加入铜纳米颗粒,得到所述的铜基墨水;所述铜纳米颗粒的质量分数占铜基墨水的2%~60%。
根据以上制备的铜基墨水,本实施例还提供了一种电极的制备方法,如图3所示,包括步骤S21)-步骤S24)。
S21)提供一基板以及所述铜基墨水。
S22)将所述铜基墨水溶液旋涂于所述基板上形成第一膜层。
S23)加热所述基板,加热温度在60°~70°之间,用以去除所述铜基墨水溶液中的溶剂。
S24)将脉冲激光聚焦于所述基板上的所述第一膜层,激光产生的局域热场可以将所述铜基墨水中的铜纳米颗粒处于熔融状态,使铜聚集到一起固化成型,产生的CO2等气体有效阻碍O2(氧气)与Cu反应,因此有效地避免的铜氧化,有利于获得高电导率铜电极。
S25)按预定的路线移动所述基板或所述脉冲激光,在所述第一膜层形成预设图案。
S26)利用异丙醇溶液去除未被所述脉冲激光照射的所述第一膜层,这样基板上便有了我们所需要的铜电极图案,同时被所述异丙醇溶液洗去的所述第一膜层即甲酸铜还可以回收利用,可以有效地避免材料浪费,节约成本。
以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
- 一种铜基墨水,其中,其原料按质量分数包括:甲酸铜或甲酸铜四水合物,5%~35%;络合剂,0.5%~20%;铜纳米颗粒,2%~60%;溶剂,余量。
- 根据权利要求1所述的铜基墨水,其中,所述溶剂包括甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、叔丁醇和苄基醇中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求2所述的铜基墨水,其中,所述络合剂为烷醇胺;所述烷醇胺为2-氨基-2-甲基-1-丙醇或辛胺或二者的混合物。
- 根据权利要求1所述的铜基墨水,其中,所述铜纳米颗粒物质的量浓度为所述甲酸铜物质的量浓度的2倍。
- 一种铜基墨水的制备方法,其中,包括如下步骤:S11)将络合剂溶于溶剂中,搅拌10分钟~30分钟,得到第一溶液,所述络合剂质量分数占铜基墨水的0.5%~20%;S12)向所述第一溶液加入甲酸铜或甲酸铜四水合物粉末,搅拌1小时,得到第二溶液,其中所述甲酸铜质量分数占铜基墨水的5%~35%;S13)向所述第二溶液中加入铜纳米颗粒,得到所述的铜基墨水;所述铜纳米颗粒的质量分数占铜基墨水的2%~60%。。
- 根据权利要求5所述的铜基墨水的制备方法,其中,还包括铜纳米颗粒制备步骤:S131)在180°的温度下,在反应介质中通过热还原法将醋酸铜还原成铜纳米颗粒;S132)通过离心机分离纯化得到所述铜纳米颗粒。
- 根据权利要求6所述的铜基墨水的制备方法,其中,所述S131)步骤中的反应介质为苯肼-辛胺-油酸。
- 一种电极的制备方法,其中,包括以下步骤:S21)提供一基板以及所述铜基墨水;S22)将所述铜基墨水溶液旋涂于所述基板上形成第一膜层;S23)加热所述基板,使温度保持在60°~70°之间;S24)将脉冲激光聚焦于所述基板上的所述第一膜层以使所述铜基墨水中的铜纳米颗粒熔化后再凝固形成电极。
- 根据权利要求8所述电极的制备方法,其中,还包括S25)按预定的路线移动所述基板或所述脉冲激光,在所述第一膜层形成预设图案;S26)溶解并去除未被所述脉冲激光照射的所述第一膜层,得到含所述铜基墨水的混合溶液。
- 根据权利要求9所述电极的制备方法,其中,所述步骤S26)中,通过异丙醇溶液溶解并去除未被所述脉冲激光照射的所述第一膜层,溶解后得到的含所述铜基墨水的混合溶液可作为新的铜基墨水重新使用。
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