WO2020208682A1 - Dispositif d'antenne et appareil de communication - Google Patents

Dispositif d'antenne et appareil de communication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020208682A1
WO2020208682A1 PCT/JP2019/015322 JP2019015322W WO2020208682A1 WO 2020208682 A1 WO2020208682 A1 WO 2020208682A1 JP 2019015322 W JP2019015322 W JP 2019015322W WO 2020208682 A1 WO2020208682 A1 WO 2020208682A1
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Prior art keywords
dielectric constant
variable
antenna
radio wave
incident radio
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PCT/JP2019/015322
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
田中　泰
道生 瀧川
鈴木　健太
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三菱電機株式会社
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Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2019/015322 priority Critical patent/WO2020208682A1/fr
Priority to JP2021513044A priority patent/JP6980148B2/ja
Publication of WO2020208682A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020208682A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q17/00—Devices for absorbing waves radiated from an antenna; Combinations of such devices with active antenna elements or systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna device and a communication device including a dielectric constant variable portion whose dielectric constant is variable according to the arrival direction of an incident radio wave.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses an RCS reduction device that reduces the radar cross section (RCS: Radar Cross Section) of a moving body.
  • the control device cancels the RCS from the RCS storage device based on the frequency of the radar wave detected by the radar detection device and the arrival direction of the radar wave.
  • Information indicating each of the amplitude and phase of the radar wave required for the above is read out.
  • the control device disclosed in Patent Document 1 controls an amplitude phase controller that controls each of the amplitude and phase of the radar wave received by the antenna based on the read information. Radar waves whose amplitude and phase are each controlled by the amplitude phase controller disclosed in Patent Document 1 are emitted from the antenna. The radar waves emitted from the antenna reduce the RCS.
  • RCS is reduced by radiating a radar wave for canceling RCS from the antenna.
  • the radar wave radiated from the antenna becomes an unnecessary wave in a direction other than the direction in which the RCS is reduced.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain an antenna device and a communication device capable of reducing RCS without radiating radio waves for canceling RCS. ..
  • the antenna device is arranged between the conductive main plate, the antenna arranged on the side of the two surfaces of the main plate on which the incident radio wave hits, and the main plate and the antenna. It is provided with a dielectric constant variable portion in which the dielectric constant is variable according to the arrival direction of the incident radio wave.
  • the antenna device is configured to include a dielectric constant variable portion which is arranged between the main plate and the antenna and whose dielectric constant is variable according to the arrival direction of the incident radio wave. Therefore, the antenna device according to the present invention can reduce the RCS without radiating radio waves for canceling the RCS.
  • FIG. 5A is a side view showing the positional relationship between the power half-price range region of the radio wave radiated from the antenna 13 and the dielectric constant variable portion 14, and FIG. 5B is the power half-price width region of the radio wave radiated from the antenna 13.
  • FIG. 6A is a side view showing the positional relationship between the power half-price range region of the radio wave radiated from the antenna 13 and the dielectric constant variable portion 14, and FIG. 6B is the power half-price width region of the radio wave radiated from the antenna 13. It is a top view which shows the positional relationship with the dielectric constant variable part 14. It is a block diagram which shows the antenna device 1 which concerns on Embodiment 2. FIG. It is an enlarged view which shows the main part of the dielectric constant variable part 30 included in the antenna device 1 which concerns on Embodiment 2.
  • FIG. FIG. 9A is an explanatory view showing a discharge tube having a two-stage structure, and FIG.
  • FIG. 9B is an explanatory view showing an approximate multilayer medium.
  • FIG. 10A is an explanatory diagram showing a simulation result of the amplitude of the reflection coefficient
  • FIG. 10B is an explanatory diagram showing a simulation result of the phase of the reflection coefficient. It is a block diagram which shows the antenna device 1 which concerns on Embodiment 3. It is a perspective view which shows the antenna device 1 which concerns on Embodiment 4. FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the main part of the antenna device 1 which concerns on Embodiment 5.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a communication device including the antenna device 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • the communication device includes an antenna device 1 that transmits a communication signal or receives a communication signal.
  • FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing the antenna device 1 according to the first embodiment.
  • the antenna device 1 is arranged in the coordinate system indicated by the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis.
  • the main plate 11 is a conductive plate that reflects incident radio waves.
  • the main plate 11 is arranged in the xy plane. Of the two surfaces 11a and 11b of the main plate 11, the surface 11a is the surface on which the incident radio wave hits.
  • the shape of the main plate 11 in the xy plane is a circle. However, this is only an example, and the shape of the main plate 11 in the xy plane may be, for example, a rectangle or an ellipse.
  • the antenna support member 12 is a member that supports the antenna 13 and is attached to the main plate 11.
  • the antenna support member 12 includes a support surface 12a for supporting the antenna 13 and a mounting portion 12b for the main plate 11. Of the two surfaces 11a and 11b of the main plate 11, one end of the attachment portion 12b is attached to the main plate 11 so that the support surface 12a is arranged on the side of the surface 11a to which the incident radio wave hits.
  • the mounting portion 12b of the antenna support member 12 is mounted on the main plate 11.
  • the attachment portion 12b may be attached to a member (not shown) other than the main plate 11.
  • the antenna 13 is arranged on the support surface 12a of the antenna support member 12, and has a plurality of antenna cells 13a for transmitting and receiving radio waves.
  • the plurality of antenna cells 13a have a function of radiating radio waves in addition to receiving incident radio waves.
  • the radio wave radiated from the antenna cell 13a is not a radio wave for canceling the RCS, but a radio wave for transmitting a communication signal.
  • the antenna cell 13a has a function of radiating radio waves. However, this is only an example, and the antenna cell 13a may not have a function of radiating radio waves.
  • the variable dielectric constant portion 14 includes a dielectric layer 14a containing a dielectric and a dielectric layer 14b containing a dielectric.
  • the variable dielectric constant portion 14 is arranged between the main plate 11 and the antenna 13 in the yz plane, and the dielectric constant is variable according to the arrival direction of the incident radio wave.
  • the dielectric layer 14a is realized by, for example, a glass tube, and the glass tube contains, for example, a powdery dielectric.
  • the dielectric layer 14b is realized by, for example, a glass tube, and the glass tube contains, for example, a powdery dielectric.
  • a rubber tube or the like is attached to the dielectric inlet / outlet 14c.
  • the dielectric layer 14a is connected to the pump 23a via a rubber tube or the like attached to the dielectric inlet / outlet 14c. A rubber tube or the like is attached to the dielectric inlet / outlet 14d.
  • the dielectric layer 14b is connected to the pump 23b via a rubber tube or the like attached to the dielectric inlet / outlet 14d.
  • the variable dielectric constant portion 14 has a two-layer structure including a dielectric layer 14a and a dielectric layer 14b. However, this is only an example, and the variable dielectric constant portion 14 may have a single-layer structure including only the dielectric layer 14a, or the variable dielectric constant portion 14 has three layers including three or more dielectric layers. It may have the above structure.
  • the shape of the dielectric constant variable portion 14 in the xy plane is a ring shape.
  • the central portion of the ring in the variable dielectric constant portion 14 is not hit by the incident radio wave because the incident radio wave is blocked by the antenna 13.
  • the shape of the dielectric constant variable portion 14 in the xy plane is ring-shaped. It has a shape.
  • the shape of the dielectric constant variable portion 14 on the xy plane may be the same as the shape of the main plate 11 on the xy plane.
  • the direction detection device 21 is realized by, for example, a computer having a processor and a memory, respectively.
  • the direction detection device 21 detects the arrival direction of the incident radio wave and outputs the detected arrival direction to the arithmetic unit 22.
  • the arithmetic unit 22 is realized by, for example, a computer having a processor and a memory, respectively.
  • the arithmetic unit 22 calculates the reflectance coefficient of the incident radio wave on the multilayer surface including the dielectric constant variable portion 14 and the main plate 11 based on the arrival direction of the incident radio wave output from the direction detection device 21.
  • the arithmetic unit 22 outputs the calculated reflection coefficient of the incident radio wave to the adjusting device 23.
  • the adjusting device 23 includes a pump 23a and a pump 23b.
  • the adjusting device 23 adjusts the dielectric constant of the dielectric constant variable unit 14 based on the reflection coefficient calculated by the arithmetic unit 22. Specifically, the adjusting device 23 calculates the dielectric constant ⁇ a of the dielectric layer 14a and the dielectric constant ⁇ b of the dielectric layer 14b, which can realize the reflection coefficient calculated by the arithmetic unit 22. ..
  • the adjusting device 23 controls the pump 23a so that the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer 14a becomes the calculated dielectric constant ⁇ a, and adjusts the density of the dielectric contained in the dielectric layer 14a.
  • the adjusting device 23 controls the pump 23b so that the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer 14b becomes the calculated dielectric constant ⁇ b, and adjusts the density of the dielectric contained in the dielectric layer 14b.
  • the relationship between the dielectric constant ⁇ a of the dielectric layer 14a and the density of the dielectric contained in the dielectric layer 14a, and the dielectric constant ⁇ b of the dielectric layer 14b and the dielectric is stored.
  • the relationship with the density of the antenna device 1 may be given from the outside of the antenna device 1.
  • the pump 23a is connected to the dielectric inlet / outlet 14c via a rubber tube or the like.
  • the pump 23a sweeps out the powdery dielectric stored in the container (not shown) to the dielectric layer 14a or the powdery dielectric from the dielectric layer 14a according to the control signal output from the adjusting device 23.
  • the pump 23b is connected to the dielectric inlet / outlet 14d via a rubber tube or the like.
  • the pump 23b sweeps out the powdery dielectric stored in the container (not shown) to the dielectric layer 14b according to the control signal output from the adjusting device 23, or the powdery dielectric material from the dielectric layer 14b. Inhale.
  • the radar cross section ⁇ which is one of the indexes for evaluating the scattering phenomenon of radio waves, is expressed by the following equation (1).
  • E i is the incident field for the scatterer
  • E s is the scattering field radiated by the current when the current is excited to the scatterer by the incident field E i .
  • the antenna device 1 is a scatterer.
  • R is the distance between the unillustrated source of the incident radio wave and the antenna device 1.
  • FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the arrival direction of the incident radio wave and the like.
  • the coordinate system indicated by the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis is the same as the coordinate system shown in FIG.
  • the normal direction n hat of the variable dielectric constant portion 14 is a direction parallel to the z-axis as shown in FIG. ..
  • the symbol " ⁇ " cannot be added above the character n due to the electronic application, so it is written as "n hat".
  • the direction of arrival of the incident radio wave to the dielectric constant variable portion 14 is the direction in which the angle formed by the z-axis is + ⁇
  • the reflection direction of the reflected radio wave by the dielectric constant variable portion 14 is the direction in which the angle formed by the z-axis is ⁇ . Is. Since the angle between the parallel plane, which is the plane including the arrival direction and the reflection direction, and the x-axis is ⁇ , the arrival direction of the incident radio wave is determined by ⁇ and ⁇ .
  • hat unit vector parallel component of the incoming direction of the incident wave, e i ⁇ hat, unit vector of the vertical component of the incoming direction of the incident wave, e r
  • the direction detection device 21 detects ⁇ and ⁇ as the arrival direction of the incident radio wave. Since the process itself for detecting the arrival direction of the incident radio wave is a known technique, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the direction detection device 21 outputs the detected arrival directions ⁇ and ⁇ to the arithmetic unit 22.
  • Computing device 22 coming from the direction detecting device 21 direction theta, receives the phi, arrival direction theta, based on the phi, the reflection coefficient of the incident radio wave of a multilayer surface comprising a dielectric constant changing unit 14 and the ground plane 11 R
  • and R ⁇ by the arithmetic unit 22 will be specifically described.
  • the arithmetic unit 22 calculates the complex scattering field E 1 S of the antenna 13 based on the arrival directions ⁇ and ⁇ of the incident radio wave.
  • the complex scattering field E 1 S of the antenna 13 is generated by the radio waves reflected by the antenna 13. If the complex scattering field E 1 S corresponding to the arrival directions ⁇ and ⁇ is recorded in the internal memory of the arithmetic unit 22, the arithmetic unit 22 will move from the internal memory the complex scattering field E corresponding to the arrival directions ⁇ and ⁇ . 1 Read S.
  • the arithmetic unit 22 may calculate the complex scattering field E 1 S corresponding to the arrival directions ⁇ and ⁇ by performing an electromagnetic field simulation or the like.
  • Table entire complex scattered field E S of the antenna device 1 as shown in the following equation (2), the complex scattered field E 1 S antenna 13, by the complex scattered field E 2 S in the dielectric constant changing unit 14 Will be done.
  • the complex scattering field E 2 S of the variable dielectric constant unit 14 is generated by the reflected radio wave of the variable dielectric constant unit 14. If the whole of the complex scattered field E S is zero the antenna device 1 can eliminate the radiation of unnecessary reflected waves from the antenna device 1.
  • the amplitude of the complex scattering field E 2 S of the dielectric constant variable unit 14 is set to the same amplitude as the amplitude of the complex scattering field E 1 S of the antenna 13.
  • the phase of the complex scattered field E 2 S may be the complex scattered field E 1 S phase and antiphase.
  • the complex scattering field E 2 S is calculated by the following equation (3).
  • j is an imaginary unit
  • ⁇ is an angular frequency
  • ⁇ is a vacuum magnetic permeability
  • ⁇ is a vacuum dielectric constant
  • ⁇ is a vacuum impedance
  • k is a wave number.
  • i is a directional component of the parallel plane shown in FIG. 3 in the incident field E i .
  • Direction component parallel surface shown in FIG. 3 is a component in the direction indicated by e i
  • E 2 ⁇ i is a directional component of the plane of the incident field E i that is perpendicular to each of the parallel plane and the normal n hat shown in FIG.
  • Direction component of the vertical plane respectively is the component in the direction indicated by e i ⁇ hat.
  • the reflection coefficient in the direction indicated by e i
  • the arithmetic unit 22 repeatedly calculates the complex scattering field E 2 S shown in the equation (3) while adjusting the reflection coefficients R
  • the adjusting device 23 acquires the reflection coefficients R
  • Non-Patent Document 1 The relationship between the reflectance coefficient and the dielectric constant of each layer in the multilayer medium is disclosed in, for example, Non-Patent Document 1 below.
  • , processing to calculate the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer 14b to achieve the R ⁇ epsilon b itself Is a known technique, and therefore detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 Yoshio Hosoya. “Radio Propagation Handbook.” Realize Science and Technology Center, Tokyo (1999): 65.
  • the adjusting device 23 controls the pump 23a so that the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer 14a becomes the calculated dielectric constant ⁇ a, and adjusts the density of the dielectric contained in the dielectric layer 14a. Specifically, the adjusting device 23 acquires, for example, the density of the dielectric corresponding to the calculated dielectric constant ⁇ a from the internal memory. The adjusting device 23 controls the pump 23a so that the density of the dielectric contained in the dielectric layer 14a becomes the density of the acquired dielectric. The adjusting device 23 controls the pump 23b so that the dielectric constant of the dielectric layer 14b becomes the calculated dielectric constant ⁇ b, and adjusts the density of the dielectric contained in the dielectric layer 14b.
  • the adjusting device 23 acquires, for example, the density of the dielectric corresponding to the calculated dielectric constant ⁇ b from the internal memory.
  • the adjusting device 23 controls the pump 23b so that the density of the dielectric contained in the dielectric layer 14b becomes the density of the acquired dielectric.
  • the antenna device 1 is configured to include a dielectric constant variable portion 14 which is arranged between the main plate 11 and the antenna 13 and whose dielectric constant is variable according to the arrival direction of the incident radio wave. did. Therefore, the antenna device 1 can reduce the RCS without radiating radio waves for canceling the RCS.
  • the variable dielectric constant portion 14 is arranged between the main plate 11 and the antenna 13. Therefore, in the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 4, in a region where the power in the directivity direction of the radio wave radiated from the antenna 13 is at least half the value (hereinafter, referred to as “power half width region”).
  • the variable dielectric constants 14 do not overlap.
  • FIG. 4 is a side view showing the positional relationship between the power half width region of the radio wave radiated from the antenna 13 of the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. 2 and the dielectric constant variable portion 14.
  • the antenna 13 has a function of radiating radio waves.
  • FIGS. 5A and 5B When the variable dielectric constant portion 14 is arranged not between the main plate 11 and the antenna 13 but on the radiation source side of the incident radio wave from the antenna 13, the variable dielectric constant portion 14 is as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B. Part of the power may overlap with the half-price range of power. When a part of the variable dielectric constant portion 14 overlaps with the half-price range of power, a part of the radio wave radiated from the antenna 13 is blocked by the variable dielectric constant portion 14, so that the radio wave is higher than that of the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. The radiation performance of the antenna deteriorates.
  • FIG. 5A is a side view showing the positional relationship between the power half width region of the radio wave radiated from the antenna 13 and the dielectric constant variable portion 14.
  • FIG. 5B is a top view showing the positional relationship between the power half width region of the radio wave radiated from the antenna 13 and the dielectric constant variable portion 14.
  • the variable dielectric constant portion 14 shown in FIG. 5B
  • FIG. 6A is a side view showing the positional relationship between the power half width region of the radio wave radiated from the antenna 13 and the dielectric constant variable portion 14.
  • FIG. 6B is a top view showing the positional relationship between the power half width region of the radio wave radiated from the antenna 13 and the dielectric constant variable portion 14.
  • the variable dielectric constant portion 14 shown in FIG. 6B is viewed from the + z direction.
  • variable dielectric constant portion 14 In the antenna device 1 in which the variable dielectric constant portion 14 is arranged in a region that does not overlap with the half-price width region of the electric power, a part of the radio waves radiated from the antenna 13 is not blocked by the variable dielectric constant portion 14, so that FIG. Radio wave radiation performance equivalent to that of the antenna device 1 shown can be obtained.
  • the variable dielectric constant unit 14 incorporates a dielectric whose dielectric constant is variable according to the arrival direction of the incident radio wave.
  • the antenna device 1 in which the variable dielectric constant portion 30 includes the discharge tubes 30a and 30b will be described.
  • FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram showing the antenna device 1 according to the second embodiment.
  • the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2 indicate the same or corresponding parts, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.
  • FIG. 8 is an enlarged view showing a main part of the dielectric constant variable portion 30 included in the antenna device 1 according to the second embodiment.
  • the main part of the variable dielectric constant portion 30 is a portion surrounded by a broken line in FIG. 7.
  • the communication device shown in FIG. 1 includes the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. 7.
  • the variable dielectric constant portion 30 includes a plurality of discharge tubes 30a, a plurality of discharge tubes 30b, an electrode 30c, and an electrode 30d.
  • the variable dielectric constant portion 30 is arranged between the main plate 11 and the antenna 13 in the yz plane, and the dielectric constant is variable according to the arrival direction of the incident radio wave.
  • the discharge tube 30a is arranged in a direction parallel to the y-axis in the xy plane, and is filled with gas.
  • the discharge tube 30b is arranged in a direction parallel to the x-axis in the xy plane, and is filled with gas.
  • An ionizing gas is used as the gas filled in each of the inside of the discharge pipe 30a and the inside of the discharge pipe 30b. Specifically, argon, xenon, a mixed gas of argon and xenon, or the like is used.
  • the gas filled therein is ionized and the gas is changed to a plasma state.
  • a current is applied to the electrodes 30c and 30d of the discharge tube 30b by the adjusting device 31, the gas filled therein is ionized and the gas is changed to a plasma state.
  • the material of the discharge tubes 30a and 30b for example, glass is used.
  • the discharge tubes 30a and 30b may be made of a material other than glass as long as the gas can be sealed, but a material having a low dielectric loss tangent is more preferable.
  • the set of the electrode 30c and the electrode 30d is provided for each one discharge tube 30a, and is provided for each one discharge tube 30b.
  • a pair of electrodes 30c and 30d is provided as an electrode common to all the discharge tubes 30a and all the discharge tubes 30b.
  • the adjusting device 31 adjusts the dielectric constant of the dielectric constant variable unit 30 based on the reflection coefficient calculated by the arithmetic unit 22. Specifically, the adjusting device 31 calculates the dielectric constant of the plasma inside the discharge tubes 30a and 30b, respectively, based on the reflection coefficient calculated by the arithmetic unit 22. The adjusting device 31 adjusts the currents applied to the electrodes 30c and 30d so that the calculated dielectric constants of the plasma can be obtained.
  • Non-Patent Document 2 As a parameter representing the electrical properties of the plasma, the plasma frequency omega p, there is a collision frequency v m.
  • the plasma frequency omega p and collision frequency v m are disclosed in the following Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3.
  • Non-Patent Document 2 R. J. Vidmar, “On the use of Atmospheric Pressure Plasmas as Electromagnetic Reflections and Absorbers,” IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci., Vol. 18, No. 4, 1990
  • Non-Patent Document 3 Francis F. Chen, Translated by Ijiro Uchida, "Introduction to Plasma Physics", Maruzen, 1977
  • Plasma frequency omega p, the electrodes 30c is determined by the electron density n e generated by giving current to 30d.
  • the collision frequency v m is the average number of times per second that free electrons disappear when they collide with other particles, and the collision frequency v m is determined by the type of gas and the density of the gas.
  • the movement of free electrons is determined by the applied voltage to the electrodes 30c and 30d.
  • Plasma frequency omega p is represented by the following equation (8)
  • the collision frequency v m is expressed by the following equation (9).
  • me is the electron mass
  • e is the charge
  • ne is the electron density
  • ⁇ 0 is the permittivity of the vacuum.
  • n n is the particle density
  • v is the particle velocity
  • ⁇ is the equivalent cross-sectional area when the particles collide elastically.
  • the “-” symbol above ⁇ v represents the temporal mean value.
  • the collision frequency v m is increased by increasing the size or density of the gas particles.
  • Dielectric constant epsilon r of the plasma is determined by the plasma frequency omega p and collision frequency v m. Therefore, the dielectric constant ⁇ r of the plasma can be adjusted by changing either the type of gas, the density of the gas, or the current applied to the electrodes 30c and 30d.
  • the arithmetic unit 22 When the arithmetic unit 22 receives the arrival directions ⁇ and ⁇ from the direction detection device 21, the arithmetic unit 22 has a multilayer surface including the dielectric constant variable portion 30 and the main plate 11 based on the arrival directions ⁇ and ⁇ , as in the first embodiment. Calculate the reflectance coefficients R
  • the adjusting device 31 When the adjusting device 31 receives the reflection coefficients R
  • the permittivity ⁇ ra of the existing plasma and the permittivity ⁇ rb of the plasma filled in the discharge tube 30b are calculated.
  • the dielectric constant epsilon ra plasma filled in the discharge tube 30a is as a dielectric constant epsilon r of the left-hand side of equation (10), the electronic plasma dielectric constant is epsilon ra density n e Is calculated. Further, in the adjusting device 31, assuming that the permittivity ⁇ rb of the plasma filled in the discharge tube 30b is the permittivity ⁇ r on the left side of the equation (10), the density of electrons at which the permittivity of the plasma becomes ⁇ rb. to calculate the n e.
  • the type of gas filled in the discharge tube 30a and the type of gas filled in the discharge tube 30b are the same, and the density of the plasma filled in the discharge tube 30a and the discharge tube 30b It is assumed that the density of the charged plasma is the same. If a is the same type and the plasma density of the gas, and the electron density n e of the plasma of the dielectric constant is epsilon ra, the density n e of electrons plasma dielectric constant is epsilon rb, the same And.
  • the internal memory of the adjusting device 31, the electron density n e and the electrode 30c, the relationship between the current applied to 30d are stored. Electron density n e and the electrode 30c, the relationship between the current applied to 30d, or may be given from the outside of the antenna device 1.
  • Adjustment device 31, as the value of current for realizing the electron density n e, acquires from the internal memory, the value of current corresponding to the electron density n e.
  • the adjusting device 31 adjusts the dielectric constant ⁇ of the dielectric constant variable unit 30 by controlling the value of the current applied to the electrodes 30c and 30d to be the value of the acquired current.
  • the variable dielectric constant portion 30 includes a discharge tube 30a and a discharge tube 30b as a two-stage discharge tube as shown in FIG. 9A.
  • the pair of the two-stage discharge tube and the main plate 11 can be approximated to a multilayer medium including three glass portions, two plasmas, and one main plate 11.
  • FIG. 9A is an explanatory diagram showing a discharge tube having a two-stage structure
  • FIG. 9B is an explanatory diagram showing an approximate multilayer medium.
  • the permittivity ⁇ r of the three glass portions is 4.0, which corresponds to the permittivity of the glass.
  • the thickness of the plasma is 5 mm and the thickness of the glass portion is 2 mm.
  • the thickness of the glass portion of the portion where the discharge pipe 30a and the discharge pipe 30b face each other is 4 mm.
  • 10GHz frequency of the incident wave is, as the direction of arrival of the incident wave is a normal direction n hat, each plasma frequency omega p and collision frequency v m, in the range of 5 ⁇ 30 GHz, by changing the increments of 5 GHz, Examine the amplitude and phase of the reflection coefficients R
  • FIG. 10A is an explanatory diagram showing a simulation result of the amplitude of the reflection coefficient
  • FIG. 10B is an explanatory diagram showing a simulation result of the phase of the reflection coefficient.
  • the horizontal axis in FIGS. 10A and 10B is a plasma frequency omega p
  • the vertical axis in FIGS. 10A and 10B are collision frequency v m.
  • and the reflection coefficient R ⁇ have the same value.
  • the simulation result of the amplitude of the reflection coefficient shown in FIG. 10A shows that the amplitude of the reflection coefficient can be adjusted in the range of about -10 to 0 dB.
  • the simulation result of the phase of the reflection coefficient shown in FIG. 10B shows that the phase of the reflection coefficient can be adjusted in the range of ⁇ 180 to 180 degrees. Therefore, if the amplitude of the complex scattering field E 1 S of the antenna 13 is in the range of about -10 to 0 dB with respect to the amplitude of the complex scattering field E 2 S of the dielectric constant variable portion 30, the complex scattering field of the antenna 13 It can be seen that the entire complex scattering field E S of the antenna device 1 can be set to zero regardless of the phase of E 1 S.
  • the variable dielectric constant portion 30 ionizes the filled gas to change the gas into a plasma state.
  • the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. 7 is configured so that the adjusting device 31 adjusts the dielectric constants ⁇ ra and ⁇ rb of the plasma by adjusting the currents applied to the electrodes 30c and 30d. Therefore, the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. 7 can reduce the RCS without radiating radio waves for canceling the RCS, similarly to the antenna device 1 shown in FIG.
  • Embodiment 3 the antenna device 1 in which the adjusting device 40 adjusts the dielectric constants ⁇ ra and ⁇ rb of the plasma by changing the type of gas filled in the discharge tubes 30a and 30b will be described.
  • FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram showing the antenna device 1 according to the third embodiment.
  • the communication device shown in FIG. 1 includes the antenna device 1 shown in FIG.
  • the variable dielectric constant portion 30 includes a plurality of discharge tubes 30a, a plurality of discharge tubes 30b, and electrodes 30c and 30d.
  • Each of the discharge pipe 30a and the discharge pipe 30b is connected to the pump 40a of the adjusting device 40 via a rubber tube or the like.
  • the description of the rubber tube or the like connecting each of the discharge pipe 30a and the discharge pipe 30b to the pump 40a is omitted.
  • the adjusting device 40 includes a pump 40a.
  • the pump 40a is connected to N (N is an integer of 2 or more) gas reservoirs 41-1 to 41-N via a rubber tube or the like.
  • the pump 40a is connected to each of the discharge pipe 30a and the discharge pipe 30b via a rubber tube or the like.
  • the internal memory of the adjusting device 40 stores the relationship between the reflection coefficients R
  • , R ⁇ and the type of gas may be given from the outside of the antenna device 1.
  • the adjusting device 40 uses the pump 40a to suck the gas filled in each of the discharge pipe 30a and the discharge pipe 30b.
  • the adjusting device 40 uses the pump 40a to discharge the sucked gas to the gas storages 41-1 to 41-N that store the same type of gas as the sucked gas. ..
  • the adjusting device 40 selects a gas corresponding to the reflection coefficients R
  • the adjusting device 40 sucks the selected gas from the gas reservoir 41-n storing the selected gas from the gas reservoirs 41-1 to 41-N by using the pump 40a.
  • the adjusting device 40 uses the pump 40a to fill each of the discharge pipe 30a and the discharge pipe 30b with the sucked gas.
  • the gas reservoirs 41-1 to 41-N store different types of gas.
  • the gas reservoirs 41-1 to 41-N are connected to the pump 40a of the adjusting device 40 via a rubber tube or the like.
  • the adjusting device 40 receives the reflection coefficients R
  • the adjusting device 40 sucks the selected gas from the gas reservoir 41-n storing the selected gas from the gas reservoirs 41-1 to 41-N by using the pump 40a.
  • the adjusting device 40 uses the pump 40a to fill each of the discharge pipe 30a and the discharge pipe 30b with the sucked gas.
  • Collision frequency v m in order to change the type of gas, the adjustment device 40, by changing the kind of gas, it is possible to adjust plasma permittivity epsilon ra, the epsilon rb. Therefore, even in the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. 11, the RCS can be reduced without radiating radio waves for canceling the RCS, similarly to the antenna device 1 shown in FIG.
  • the adjusting device 40 adjusts the dielectric constants ⁇ ra and ⁇ rb of the plasma by changing the type of gas.
  • the adjusting device 40 may adjust the dielectric constants ⁇ ra and ⁇ rb of the plasma by changing the density of the gas filled in the discharge tubes 30a and 30b.
  • Collision frequency v m in order to vary the density of the gas, the adjusting device 40, by varying the density of the gas, it is possible to adjust plasma permittivity epsilon ra, the epsilon rb.
  • the density of the gas filled in the discharge pipes 30a and 30b can be adjusted by the adjusting device 40 sucking the gas filled in the discharge pipes 30a and 30b using the pump 40a. .. Further, the adjusting device 40 uses the pump 40a from the gas reservoirs 41-1 to 41-N that store the same type of gas as the gas filled in the discharge pipes 30a and 30b. And suck the gas. Then, the adjusting device 40 can adjust the density of the gas by filling the discharge pipes 30a and 30b with the sucked gas by using the pump 40a.
  • the adjusting device 40 adjusts the dielectric constants ⁇ ra and ⁇ rb of the plasma by adjusting the current applied to the electrodes 30c and 30d in the same manner as the adjusting device 31 shown in FIG. You may do so.
  • Embodiment 4 the antenna device 1 in which the variable dielectric constant unit 50 includes a plurality of variable dielectric constant cells 50a will be described.
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing the antenna device 1 according to the fourth embodiment.
  • the communication device shown in FIG. 1 includes the antenna device 1 shown in FIG.
  • the shape of the antenna 13 is cylindrical for the sake of simplification of the drawing.
  • the antenna 13 has a structure in which a plurality of antenna cells 13a are provided, and the plurality of antenna cells 13a are arranged on a support surface 12a of the antenna support member 12. Therefore, the actual shape of the antenna 13 is not cylindrical.
  • the variable dielectric constant section 50 includes a plurality of variable dielectric constant cells 50a.
  • the dielectric constant of the variable dielectric constant cell 50a is variable according to the direction of arrival of the incident radio wave.
  • the variable dielectric constant cell 50a may include the dielectric layers 14a and 14b like the variable dielectric constant portion 14 shown in FIG. 2, and like the variable dielectric constant portion 30 shown in FIGS. 7 and 11.
  • the discharge tubes 30a and 30b may be provided.
  • the shielded area calculation device 61 is realized by, for example, a computer having a processor and a memory, respectively.
  • the internal memory of the shielding area calculation device 61 stores shape data indicating the shape of the antenna 13 and position data indicating the positional relationship between the antenna 13 and the variable dielectric constant 50.
  • the shape data and the position data may be given from the outside of the antenna device 1.
  • the shielding area calculation device 61 acquires the arrival direction of the incident radio wave from the direction detection device 21.
  • the shielding area calculation device 61 is a region in which the incident radio wave is shielded by the antenna 13 in the dielectric constant variable unit 50 based on the shape data, the position data, and the arrival direction of the incident radio wave, and the incident radio wave does not hit.
  • the shielding area is calculated.
  • the shielding area calculation device 61 outputs data indicating the calculated shielding area to the arithmetic unit 62.
  • the arithmetic unit 62 is realized, for example, by a computer having a processor and a memory, respectively.
  • the arithmetic unit 62 selects one or more variable dielectric constant cells 50a arranged in an area other than the shielding area calculated by the shielding area calculation device 61 from the plurality of variable dielectric constant cells 50a.
  • the arithmetic unit 62 calculates the reflectance coefficients R
  • the arithmetic unit 62 outputs the calculated reflection coefficients R
  • the adjusting device 63 has a reflection coefficient calculated by the arithmetic unit 62, similarly to the adjusting device 23 shown in FIG.
  • the permittivity of the selected variable permittivity cell 50a is adjusted based on R
  • the adjusting device 63 may be the adjusting device 31 shown in FIG. 7 or the adjusting device shown in FIG. Similarly to 40, the permittivity of the selected variable permittivity cell 50a is adjusted based on the reflection coefficients R
  • the shielding area calculation device 61 acquires shape data indicating the shape of the antenna 13 and position data indicating the positional relationship between the antenna 13 and the variable dielectric constant 50 from the internal memory.
  • the shielding area calculation device 61 acquires the arrival direction of the incident radio wave from the direction detection device 21.
  • the shielding area calculation device 61 is a region in which the incident radio wave is shielded by the antenna 13 in the dielectric constant variable unit 50 based on the shape data, the position data, and the arrival direction of the incident radio wave, and the incident radio wave does not hit.
  • the shielding area is calculated.
  • the shielding area calculation device 61 outputs data indicating the calculated shielding area to the arithmetic unit 62. Since the process itself of calculating the shielded area not hit by the incident radio wave is a known technique, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • G is an integer of 1 or more arranged in an area other than the shielding area from among the plurality of variable dielectric constant cells 50a.
  • Number of variable dielectric constant cells 50a are selected.
  • the complex scattering field E 2 S of the G variable dielectric constant cells 50a is expressed by the following equation (11).
  • E 2i S is the complex scattering field of the i-th variable permittivity cell 50a
  • k in bold is the wave vector in the arrival direction.
  • Bold r i is the position vector of the space in the center of the i-th dielectric constant variable cell 50a.
  • the amplitude of the complex scattering field E 2 S the same amplitude as the amplitude of the complex scattering field E 1 S antenna 13, the complex scattered field E 2 S the phase may be the complex scattered field E 1 S phase and antiphase.
  • the arithmetic unit 62 repeatedly calculates the complex scattering field E 2 S shown in the equation (11) while adjusting the reflection coefficients R
  • the adjusting device 63 acquires the reflection coefficients R
  • the variable permittivity unit 50 includes a plurality of variable permittivity cells 50a whose permittivity is variable according to the arrival direction of the incident radio wave, and is based on the arrival direction of the incident radio wave.
  • a shielding area calculation device 61 is provided for calculating an area where the incident radio wave is shielded by the antenna 13 and the incident radio wave does not hit.
  • the arithmetic unit 62 selects one or more variable dielectric constant cells 50a arranged in a region other than the region calculated by the shielding region calculation device 61 from the plurality of variable dielectric constant cells 50a, and causes the incident.
  • the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. 12 Based on the arrival direction of the radio wave, the reflectance coefficient of the incident radio wave on the multilayer surface including the selected variable dielectric constant cell 50a and the main plate 11 is calculated. Then, the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. 12 is configured so that the adjusting device 63 adjusts the dielectric constant of the selected dielectric constant variable cell 50a based on the reflection coefficient calculated by the arithmetic unit 62. Therefore, the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. 12 can reduce the RCS without emitting radio waves for canceling the RCS, similarly to the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. Further, the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. 12 can enhance the effect of reducing RCS as compared with the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. 2 when there is a shielded region not exposed to the incident radio wave.
  • FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram showing a main part of the antenna device 1 according to the fifth embodiment.
  • the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2 indicate the same or corresponding parts, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the antenna device 1 includes a direction detection device 21, an arithmetic device 22, and an adjustment device 23, similarly to the antenna device 1 shown in FIG.
  • the variable dielectric constant portion 14 has a single-layer structure.
  • variable dielectric constant portion 14 may have a structure of two or more layers.
  • the variable dielectric constant portion 14 has, for example, a dielectric layer 14a.
  • the variable dielectric constant portion 30 including the discharge tubes 30a and 30b may be used.
  • the variable dielectric constant section 50 may include the variable dielectric constant cell 50a.
  • the loss-reducing members 71 and 72 are highly dielectric loss tangent members capable of suppressing reflection of incident radio waves, and are realized by, for example, a ceramic containing carbon.
  • the loss-reducing member 71 is arranged on the side of the reflecting surface on which the incident radio wave hits, out of the two surfaces of the variable dielectric constant portion 14.
  • the loss-reducing member 72 is arranged between the variable dielectric constant portion 14 and the main plate 11.
  • the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. 13 includes both a loss-loss member 71 and a loss-loss member 72. However, this is only an example, and the antenna device 1 may include only one of the loss-loss member 71 and the loss-loss member 72.
  • the antenna devices 1 of the first to fourth embodiments include the variable dielectric constant section 14, the variable dielectric constant section 30, or the variable dielectric constant section 50, the RCS can be performed without radiating radio waves for canceling the RCS. It can be reduced.
  • the discharge tube 30a a large reflecting surface of the incident wave in the dielectric constant changing unit 30 comprising 30b, measures to increase the thickness of the plasma, or, it is necessary to apply measures such as raising the plasma frequency omega p.
  • the antenna device 1 shown in FIG. 13 includes loss-reducing members 71 and 72 that suppress the reflection of the incident radio wave, the plasma frequency ⁇ p is increased even when the reflecting surface of the incident radio wave in the dielectric constant variable unit 30 is large. RCS can be reduced without taking any measures.
  • the adjusting device 23, the adjusting device 31, the adjusting device 40 or the adjusting device 63 has a dielectric constant of the dielectric constant variable unit 14.
  • the permittivity of the variable permittivity section 30 or the permittivity of the variable permittivity section 50 (hereinafter referred to as “the permittivity of the variable permittivity section 14 and the like") is adjusted.
  • the adjusting device 23 or the like may adjust the dielectric constant of the dielectric constant variable unit 14 or the like in real time, but the adjusting device 23 or the like adjusts the dielectric constant of the dielectric constant variable unit 14 or the like at each preset time interval. May be adjusted. Further, the adjusting device 23 or the like may adjust the dielectric constant of the dielectric constant variable unit 14 or the like each time the directivity direction of the antenna 13 is switched.
  • the present invention is suitable for an antenna device and a communication device including a dielectric constant variable portion in which the dielectric constant is variable according to the arrival direction of radio waves.
  • 1 antenna device 11 main plate, 11a, 11b surface, 12 antenna support member, 12a support surface, 12b mounting part, 13 antenna, 13a antenna cell, 14 variable permittivity part, 14a, 14b dielectric layer, 14c, 14d dielectric In / out, 21 direction detector, 22 arithmetic device, 23 adjustment device, 23a, 23b pump, 30 dielectric constant variable part, 30a discharge tube, 30b discharge tube, 30c, 30d electrode, 31 adjustment device, 40 adjustment device, 40a pump , 41-1 to 41-N gas storage, 50 dielectric constant variable part, 50a dielectric constant variable cell, 61 shielding area calculation device, 62 calculation device, 63 adjustment device, 71, 72 loss-reducing member.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'antenne (1) qui est configuré de façon à comprendre : une plaque de fond conductrice (11); une antenne (13) disposée, hors de deux surfaces (11a), (11b) de la plaque de fond (11), sur le côté de la surface (11a) sur laquelle des ondes radio sont incidentes; et une unité variable de permittivité diélectrique (14) qui est disposée entre la plaque de fond (11) et l'antenne (13) et dans laquelle la permittivité diélectrique varie en fonction d'une direction entrante des ondes radio incidentes.
PCT/JP2019/015322 2019-04-08 2019-04-08 Dispositif d'antenne et appareil de communication WO2020208682A1 (fr)

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PCT/JP2019/015322 WO2020208682A1 (fr) 2019-04-08 2019-04-08 Dispositif d'antenne et appareil de communication
JP2021513044A JP6980148B2 (ja) 2019-04-08 2019-04-08 アンテナ装置及び通信装置

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016032164A (ja) * 2014-07-28 2016-03-07 三菱電機株式会社 電磁波制御装置
JP2016139913A (ja) * 2015-01-27 2016-08-04 三菱電機株式会社 マイクロストリップデバイス、リフレクトアレー、マイクロストリップアンテナ及びマイクロストリップアレーアンテナ

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2016032164A (ja) * 2014-07-28 2016-03-07 三菱電機株式会社 電磁波制御装置
JP2016139913A (ja) * 2015-01-27 2016-08-04 三菱電機株式会社 マイクロストリップデバイス、リフレクトアレー、マイクロストリップアンテナ及びマイクロストリップアレーアンテナ

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