WO2020203917A1 - 電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法 - Google Patents
電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020203917A1 WO2020203917A1 PCT/JP2020/014366 JP2020014366W WO2020203917A1 WO 2020203917 A1 WO2020203917 A1 WO 2020203917A1 JP 2020014366 W JP2020014366 W JP 2020014366W WO 2020203917 A1 WO2020203917 A1 WO 2020203917A1
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- Prior art keywords
- electronic
- electrical equipment
- substrate
- sorting
- equipment component
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/30—Combinations with other devices, not otherwise provided for
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- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/005—Pretreatment specially adapted for magnetic separation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
- B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B1/00—Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
- B07B1/12—Apparatus having only parallel elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/04—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices according to size
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
- B07B4/02—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures fall
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
- B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
- B07B7/01—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using gravity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B07B9/02—Combinations of similar or different apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
- B03B9/061—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse the refuse being industrial
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
- B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
- B03C2201/20—Magnetic separation of bulk or dry particles in mixtures
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B2101/00—Type of solid waste
- B09B2101/15—Electronic waste
- B09B2101/17—Printed circuit boards [PCB]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/0237—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor using density difference
- B29B2017/0241—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor using density difference in gas, e.g. air flow
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
- B29B2017/0268—Separation of metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/0488—Hammers or beaters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for treating electronic / electrical equipment parts waste, and more particularly to a method for treating electronic / electrical equipment parts waste suitable for recycling used electronic / electrical equipment.
- iron is used for applications such as housings, frames, and parts support materials, and is a substance contained in relatively large amounts in electronic / electrical equipment parts waste. It is known that a method of performing physical sorting using magnetic force sorting is effective as a method of separating and recovering. In addition, magnetic force sorting is used in the initial stage of sorting because it is possible to reduce the amount handled in the subsequent processing steps by first removing iron, which is relatively large in the scraps of electronic and electrical equipment parts. There are many.
- plastic In addition to iron, plastic is a substance that is abundantly contained in electronic and electrical equipment parts scraps. Since plastic is effective in reducing weight, many small household appliances have a housing made of plastic, which accounts for a large proportion of scraps of electronic and electrical equipment parts. For this reason, it is also effective to remove the plastic first, and it is also known as an effective means to add wind power sorting before the magnetic force sorting to improve the sorting property (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). ..
- the substrate waste is an important component waste as a raw material for copper recovery.
- the substrate waste contains various substances such as iron and plastic in addition to copper. Since it is contained, it is often collected on the unintended side in the collection by the sorter, and it is very difficult to selectively collect the substrate waste containing the substance to be collected.
- the present invention provides a method for treating electronic / electrical equipment component waste, which can selectively recover substrate waste containing a substance to be recovered from electronic / electrical equipment component waste.
- One aspect of the present invention which has been completed based on the above findings, is an electron having a step of separating a substrate with a lead wire contained in the electronic / electrical equipment component waste before the step of magnetically sorting the electronic / electrical equipment component waste.
- -It is a method of processing electrical equipment parts waste.
- FIG. 1 It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the wind power sorting apparatus suitable for recovering the substrate with a lead wire which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the wind power sorting apparatus around the guide part. It is a top view when the guide part is seen from the diffusion chamber side. It is a side view of the wind power sorting apparatus around a guide part. It is a side view of the wind power sorting apparatus around a guide part.
- the change in the distribution rate of the leaded substrate to the heavy object side when the wind speed is changed It is a graph showing.
- the "electronic / electrical equipment component waste” is waste crushed electronic / electrical equipment such as waste home appliances, PCs and mobile phones, and is crushed to an appropriate size after being collected. Point to.
- the crushing for making electronic / electrical equipment parts waste may be performed by the processor himself, or may be crushed in the city and purchased.
- the crushing method it is desirable to crush the parts without damaging the shape as much as possible.
- a shearing crusher using a shearing method or a hammer crushing machine using an impact method.
- an apparatus belonging to the category of a crusher for the purpose of finely crushing is not included in the crushing treatment of the present embodiment.
- Electronic / electrical equipment parts scraps are preferably crushed to a maximum diameter of about 100 mm or less, more preferably about 50 mm or less, and a representative diameter of about 4 to 70 mm or 4 to 50 mm.
- the "representative diameter" is 5 when an arbitrary 100 points are extracted from the electronic / electrical equipment component waste, the average value of the major axis of the extracted electronic / electrical equipment component waste is calculated, and this is repeated 5 times. Represents the average value of times.
- Electronic / electrical equipment parts scraps are roughly crushed in advance to separate them in the form of substrate scraps, wire scraps, parts such as ICs and connectors, metal, synthetic resins (plastics) used for housings, etc. It is preferable to keep it. As a result, it becomes easier to sort a specific single component performed in the subsequent processing, and the sorting efficiency is improved.
- the "board waste” is a rough crushing of a printed circuit board (a printed wiring board in which electronic components are soldered and configured to operate as an electronic circuit) mounted on an electronic / electrical device.
- a printed circuit board a printed wiring board in which electronic components are soldered and configured to operate as an electronic circuit
- the printed wiring board means a board in which a conductor is provided on or inside a board made of an insulator and in a state before electronic components are attached.
- the substrate waste is mainly classified into three types: (1) a substrate with a lead wire and a component, (2) a substrate with a lead wire, and (3) a substrate without a lead wire.
- a substrate including such lead wires and components is defined as "a substrate with lead wires and components" in the present embodiment.
- a lead wire and a substrate with parts are substrates to which metal parts such as iron and aluminum are attached in addition to the lead wire, and when supplied to magnetic force sorting, they are distributed to the magnetic material (Fe waste) side and are valuable. There is a high possibility of causing metal loss. Therefore, it is desirable to crush the lead wire and the board with parts again to further separate the parts adhering to the board.
- the board on which the mounted electronic parts and the printed wiring board are not separated shall be included in the "board with lead wires and parts", and the “board waste” shall be “board with lead wires and parts”. , "Board with lead wire” and “Board without lead wire”.
- a board without lead wires means a board that does not include lead wires or parts.
- the lead wireless substrate can be sorted by the same sorting process as the synthetic resins used for the housing and the like.
- a board with lead wires is a board that includes lead wires. Since the substrate contains various substances such as iron and plastic, it is difficult to sort out parts scraps. However, this substrate with lead wires is selectively separated and recovered and used as a raw material to be put into the smelting process. Therefore, it is very useful as a recovery target in that the recovery efficiency of copper can be improved. However, in this substrate with lead wires as well as the substrate with lead wires and parts, the leads are often formed of iron or the like, so if they are supplied to the magnetic force sorting process as they are, they are distributed to the magnetic material (Fe waste) side. This causes a loss of valuable metal.
- the method for treating electronic / electrical equipment component waste includes a step of selectively separating and recovering a substrate with a lead wire contained in the electronic / electrical equipment component waste before the step of magnetically sorting.
- the step of selectively separating and recovering the substrate with the lead wire may be immediately before the magnetic force sorting step or may be a step before that.
- any of the above-mentioned waste home appliances, which are raw materials for electronic / electrical equipment parts waste, and electronic / electrical equipment such as PCs and mobile phones can be roughly crushed to obtain processing raw materials.
- the present embodiment may also include a process of separating the substrate with the lead wire by performing a wind force sorting process at the stage of.
- the lead wire-attached substrate contained in the processing object supplied to the magnetic force sorting step is 10% by mass or less, and further 7% by mass or less. Further, it is preferable to separate the substrate with the lead wire so as to be 5% by mass or less and further 1% by mass or less. As a result, it is possible to prevent the substrate with the lead wire from being mixed into the magnetic material side even when the magnetic force is sorted after that, and the recovery efficiency of the valuable metal in the smelting process can be improved.
- sorting using a camera such as a wind power sorter, a color sensor, or a metal sorter is effective.
- a camera such as a wind power sorter, a color sensor, or a metal sorter.
- the wind speed of wind power sorting is generally set to the wind speed at which plastic can be separated. It is preferable to increase the amount by about 10 to 20%, more preferably about 12 to 18%.
- the wind speed is individually set to an appropriate level so that the substrate with lead wires can be removed as a lightweight object. It is preferable to readjust.
- the wind speed is preferably 15 m / s or more, more preferably 16 m / s or more, and further preferably 16.5 m / s or more.
- the wind speed is preferably 20 m / s or less, more preferably 19 m / s or less, and further. Is 18 m / s or less.
- Wind power sorting can be done in at least two stages.
- the first wind power sorting process that preliminarily separates powdery and film-like substances that adversely affect the distinctiveness of a color sorter using a camera used in physical sorting and a sorter such as a metal sorter, and valuable It can be combined with a second wind power sorting process in which the plate-like material containing the material is concentrated on the lightweight material side and the metal containing Fe, Al and the like is separated on the heavy material side.
- the first wind power sorting process can be performed, for example, at a wind speed of 5 to 8 m / s, preferably 6 to 7 m / s, and the second wind power sorting process can be performed under the same conditions as described above.
- the first wind power sorting process may be performed immediately before the sorted object is put into the sorting machine using the function of recognizing the object with the camera, but it can also be performed in combination with an arbitrary sorting stage before that. For example, it can be combined with at least one of magnetic force sorting, sieving, and color sorting performed after wind sorting.
- the proportion of the leaded substrate distributed to the lightweight material side by wind power sorting is 95% or more, further 97% or more, and further 99% or more. Is preferable.
- FIGS. 1 to 5 show an example of a wind power sorter suitable for the embodiment of the present invention.
- the wind power sorter includes a diffusion chamber 1, a blower 2 for generating an air flow in the diffusion chamber 1, a supply unit 3 for supplying a sorting object including a plate-shaped object 10 including a substrate with a lead in the diffusion chamber 1.
- a guide unit 4 extending from the end of the supply unit 3 on the diffusion chamber 1 side into the diffusion chamber 1, a heavy object collection unit 5 provided below the supply unit 3 of the diffusion chamber 1, and a lower portion of the diffusion chamber 1.
- the lightweight material collection unit 6 is provided on the back side in the supply direction of the material to be sorted.
- a blower motor 7 for circulating the air inside the diffusion chamber 1 is provided above the diffusion chamber 1.
- the air flow indicated by the solid arrow in FIG. 1 is generated by the air blown from the blower 2.
- an oblique downward airflow is formed from the blower 2 toward the heavy object collection unit 5, and an upward airflow is formed from the heavy object collection unit 5 toward the upper side of the guide unit 4.
- a lateral airflow flowing from the supply port in the supply direction is formed above the diffusion chamber 1, and a downward airflow flowing from above the diffusion chamber 1 toward the lightweight material collection unit 6 is formed.
- blower 2 is arranged near the central portion of the diffusion chamber 1, but the position of the blower 2 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. 1, and the position of the blower 2 is not limited to the example shown in FIG. Any aspect may be used as long as the heavy and light objects in the object to be sorted can be sorted by the wind force by bringing the upward airflow into contact with the object.
- the object to be sorted is supplied from the input port of the supply unit 3, and is supplied to the guide unit 4 protruding into the diffusion chamber 1 while being vibrated by the vibrating member 3a.
- the object to be sorted comes into contact with the upward airflow from below the guide portion 4 in the guide portion 4. Due to this air flow, the lightweight material is blown up above the guide unit 4 and diffused into the diffusion chamber 1 and falls to the lightweight material collecting unit 6 side on the back side in the supply direction.
- a heavy object having a gravity larger than that of the wind force of the upward airflow supplied to the guide unit 4 falls below the guide unit 4 and is collected by the heavy object collection unit 5.
- the dotted arrows in FIG. 1 indicate the flow of heavy and light objects, respectively.
- the guide portion 4 has a comb shape, and is connected to the base portion 4a connected to the terminal 3A of the supply unit 3 by welding or screwing, and to the terminal 3A side of the supply unit 3.
- a plurality of protrusions 4b protruding from the base 4a into the diffusion chamber 1 are provided.
- Each of the protrusions 4b is formed so that its thickness (width) W1 becomes uniform from the terminal 3A side of the supply unit 3 toward the supply direction X. Since it is desirable that the plate-shaped material including the leaded substrate comes into contact with the air flow as much as possible from the time when the tip of the plate-like material protrudes from the terminal 3A side of the supply unit 3, it is desirable that the protrusion has a uniform thickness.
- Spaces 4c for bringing the airflow passing through the guide portion 4 into contact with the object to be sorted are provided between the protrusions 4b, and the width W2 of each space 4c is from the terminal 3A side of the supply portion 3. It is formed so as to be uniform toward the supply direction X. By having such a shape, more wind can be blown to the object to be sorted, and a more uniform air flow can be brought into contact with the object, so that the object can be extruded upward regardless of the type of lightweight object. It can be made easier.
- the lower surface 41b of the protrusion 4b has a curved surface.
- the air resistance of the guide portion 4 to the upward airflow flowing from below the guide portion 4 becomes smaller, and the sorting efficiency of the plate-shaped object 10 including the lead-attached substrate according to the present embodiment is improved.
- the lower surface 41b of the protrusion 4b has a curved surface
- the upper surface 42b of the protrusion 4b in contact with the object to be sorted has a flat surface.
- the object to be sorted can be smoothly supplied on the upper surface 42b of the protrusion 4b without being caught, and the contact resistance of the protrusion 4b to the upward airflow flowing from the lower side to the upper side of the protrusion 4b can be reduced. Therefore, the airflow can be brought into contact with the plate-shaped object 10 including the lead-attached substrate according to the present embodiment more efficiently.
- the protrusion 4b may have a rod shape in which both the upper surface 42b and the lower surface 41b have curved surfaces. An inverted triangle may be used for the purpose of being able to smoothly supply and efficiently contact the airflow.
- the thickness W1 of the protrusion 4b and the width W2 of the space are the minor diameters of the plate-shaped object 10 including the leaded substrate so that the plate-shaped object 10 including the leaded substrate to be sorted does not fall from the guide portion 4. It is preferable that the diameter is set to be smaller than the average diameter D2 of.
- the length L (see FIG. 2) from the terminal 3A side of the supply unit 3 of the guide unit 4 to the tip side of the diffusion chamber 1 is the average diameter D1 or D2 of the plate-shaped object 10 including the leaded substrate to be sorted. It is preferable to have a length of half or more, more preferably 2/3 or more of the average diameter D1 of the major axis.
- the width W of the guide unit 4 can be the same as the width of the supply unit 3.
- the length L of the guide portion 4 By setting the length L of the guide portion 4 to half or more of the average diameter D1 or D2 of the plate-shaped object 10 including the substrate with leads, preferably the average diameter D1 of the major diameters, the upward flow from below the guide portion 4 is led. Since the plate-shaped object 10 including the attached substrate can be sufficiently brought into contact with the plate-shaped object 10 including the attached substrate, the plate-shaped object 10 including the attached substrate can be more reliably raised above the guide portion 4 and diffused toward the lightweight object collecting portion 6. Can be made to. If the length L is longer than necessary, heavy objects such as metal to be transferred to the weight side may be clogged in the space 4c, so it is preferable that the length L is twice or less the average diameter D1 of the major axis of the plate-shaped object. ..
- the average diameters D1 and D2 of the plate-shaped object 10 including the leaded substrate are the plate-shaped objects including the extracted 10 points of the plate-shaped object 10 extracted from the selected objects.
- the average diameter of the major axis side and the minor axis side of 10 is calculated. This is repeated 5 times, and the average value of 5 times is shown.
- the thickness W1 of the protrusion 4b can be 1 to 10 mm, more preferably 2 to 5 mm, and the width W2 of the space 4c is 1 to 20 mm. It can be preferably 2 to 5 mm.
- the length L of the guide portion 4 can be 25 to 100 mm, preferably 40 to 70 mm.
- the guide portion 4 is an air flow that flows from the lower side to the upper side of the guide portion 4 with respect to the lower surface 10A of the plate-like object 10 including the lead-attached substrate mounted on the protrusion 4b of the guide portion 4. Is arranged so as to come into contact with the lower surface 10A of the plate-shaped object 10 in the vertical direction.
- the guide portion 4 By arranging the guide portion 4 so as to bring the airflow into contact with the lower surface 10A of the plate-shaped object 10 including the leaded substrate in the vertical direction, the upward flow due to the airflow is directed to the plate-shaped object 10 including the leaded substrate.
- the acting force can be maximized, and the air resistance can be adjusted uniformly and maximally along the supply direction of the guide portion 4.
- an adjusting mechanism 4d for adjusting the angle of the guide portion 4 may be provided so that the airflow comes into vertical contact with the lower surface of the plate-shaped object 10 including the substrate with leads.
- the airflow flowing from the lower side to the upper side of the guide unit 4 can be brought into contact with the lower surface 10A of the plate-shaped object 10 including the lead-attached substrate in the vertical direction. it can.
- the heavy object recovery unit 5 and the lightweight object collection unit 6 can be configured by a generally available discharge rotor or the like, and the specific configuration is not particularly limited. Further, the air blown from the blower 2 brings an air flow having a wind speed of 15 m / s or more into contact with the lower surface 10A of the plate-shaped object 10 including the lead-attached substrate, so that the plate including the lead-attached substrate is removed from the scraps of electronic / electrical equipment parts.
- the state material 10 can be sorted by wind power more efficiently.
- the plate-like object 10 including the lead-attached substrate in the electronic / electrical equipment component scraps to be sorted can be formed.
- the airflow can be contacted efficiently.
- the plate-shaped material 10 including the leaded substrate whose air resistance greatly changes depending on the direction of exposure to the wind can be more efficiently sorted to the lightweight material side (inside the lightweight material collecting unit 6).
- FIGS. 6 and 7 show a case where a wind power sorting device having a guide portion 4 (with a guide) is used as a plate-like object containing valuable resources, and a case where a conventional wind power sorting device without a guide portion 4 (without a guide) is used. It shows the transition of the distribution rate of the substrate and the flat plate-shaped IC to the heavy object side when the wind speed is changed and the scraps of electronic / electrical equipment parts are sorted by wind power.
- the wind power sorting device without the guide unit 4 shifts to the weight side by about 30%, whereas the guide unit 4 is used.
- the mixing of plate-like substances that migrate to the heavy object side can be significantly reduced to 3% or less.
- the proportion of the substrate mixed to the weight side can be further reduced to 1% or less by setting the wind speed to 16 m / s or more, and almost at 16.7 m / s or more. It can be set to 0%.
- the wind power sorting device without the guide unit 4 shifts to the weight side by about 90%, whereas the guide unit 4 is provided.
- the contamination of the substrate migrating to the heavy object side can be significantly reduced to 3% or less.
- the wind power sorting device shown in FIG. 1 by setting the wind speed to 15.6 m / s or more, the ratio of the plate-like material including the leaded substrate mixed to the weight side can be further reduced to 1% or less. , 16.1 m / s or more can be set to almost 0%.
- the flat plate-shaped IC can also be removed in advance before the magnetic force sorting, so that the decrease in the recovery efficiency of valuable resources in the magnetic force sorting can be suppressed.
- the maximum diameter of the IC after the crushing treatment is often smaller than that of the substrate. Therefore, when wind power sorting is performed using the wind power sorting device provided with the guide portion 4 in FIG. 1, more ICs are collected toward the lightweight object side. It is possible to suppress mixing on the heavy object side.
- the mixing rate of the IC into the heavy object was 61% when the guide portion 4 was not provided, whereas the mixing rate of the IC into the heavy object was 61% when the guide portion 4 was provided.
- the mixing rate of the above can be significantly reduced to 0.1% or less.
- the sorting efficiency of the magnetic force sorting is reduced.
- the substrate when eddy current sorting is performed after magnetic force sorting to recover Al, for example, the substrate contains copper and has high electrical conductivity. Therefore, if the crushed particle size is large, the eddy current sorting is performed in the same manner as Al. It is distributed to the repulsive side. Therefore, the substrate mixed in the non-magnetic material side without being distributed to the magnetic material side in the magnetic force sorting may be distributed to the Al waste by the eddy current sorting.
- the process according to the present embodiment can more advantageously exert the effect of reducing the valuable metal loss.
- the amount of the substrate distributed in the magnetic material by magnetic force selection is preferably 5% or less, more preferably 3% or less, still more preferably 1% or less.
- the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment, and the constituent elements can be modified and embodied without departing from the gist thereof.
- various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining the plurality of components disclosed in the present embodiment. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in the present embodiment, or each component may be combined as appropriate.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
Abstract
Description
2…送風機
3…供給部
3A…終端
3a…振動部材
4…ガイド部
4a…基部
4b…突部
4c…空間
4d…調節機構
5…重量物回収部
6…軽量物回収部
7…排気部
10…板状物
Claims (6)
- 電子・電気機器部品屑を磁力選別する工程の前に、前記電子・電気機器部品屑に含まれるリード線付き基板を分離する工程を有することを特徴とする電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法。
- 前記磁力選別する工程に供給される処理対象物中の前記リード線付き基板が10質量%以下となるように、前記電子・電気機器部品屑に含まれるリード線付き基板を分離することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法。
- 前記電子・電気機器部品屑に含まれるリード線付き基板を分離する工程が、風力選別を用いることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法。
- 前記風力選別の風速を、プラスチックが分離できる風速に対して10~20%大きくすることを特徴とする請求項3に記載の電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法。
- 前記風力選別される前の前記電子・電気機器部品屑を、せん断式破砕機又はハンマー式破砕機を用いて破砕処理することを特徴とする請求項3又は4に記載の電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法。
- 前記磁力選別の後に渦電流選別を行うことを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法。
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20783048.0A EP3950154A4 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-03-27 | ELECTRONIC/ELECTRICAL DEVICE COMPONENT WASTE TREATMENT METHOD |
CA3135424A CA3135424C (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-03-27 | Method for processing electronic/electrical device component scraps |
CN202080024185.3A CN113677444B (zh) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-03-27 | 电子/电气设备部件屑的处理方法 |
US17/598,949 US11819885B2 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-03-27 | Method for processing electronic/electrical device component scraps |
KR1020217034149A KR102575902B1 (ko) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-03-27 | 전자·전기 기기 부품 스크랩의 처리 방법 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2019069381A JP7101635B2 (ja) | 2019-03-29 | 2019-03-29 | 電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法 |
JP2019-069381 | 2019-03-29 |
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WO2020203917A1 true WO2020203917A1 (ja) | 2020-10-08 |
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PCT/JP2020/014366 WO2020203917A1 (ja) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-03-27 | 電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法 |
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US (1) | US11819885B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3950154A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP7101635B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102575902B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN113677444B (ja) |
CA (1) | CA3135424C (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI753376B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2020203917A1 (ja) |
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JP7029424B2 (ja) * | 2019-03-29 | 2022-03-03 | Jx金属株式会社 | 電子・電気機器部品屑の処理方法 |
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-
2019
- 2019-03-29 JP JP2019069381A patent/JP7101635B2/ja active Active
-
2020
- 2020-03-09 TW TW109107596A patent/TWI753376B/zh active
- 2020-03-27 CN CN202080024185.3A patent/CN113677444B/zh active Active
- 2020-03-27 KR KR1020217034149A patent/KR102575902B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2020-03-27 EP EP20783048.0A patent/EP3950154A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-03-27 WO PCT/JP2020/014366 patent/WO2020203917A1/ja unknown
- 2020-03-27 US US17/598,949 patent/US11819885B2/en active Active
- 2020-03-27 CA CA3135424A patent/CA3135424C/en active Active
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JPH05146703A (ja) * | 1991-11-28 | 1993-06-15 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | 廃家電品の破砕装置 |
JP2001225020A (ja) * | 2000-02-17 | 2001-08-21 | Kurimoto Ltd | 廃家電製品の処理装置 |
JP2002059082A (ja) | 2000-08-17 | 2002-02-26 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 再利用可能プラスチック生産方法及び装置 |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3950154A4 (en) | 2022-12-28 |
TWI753376B (zh) | 2022-01-21 |
JP2020163352A (ja) | 2020-10-08 |
EP3950154A1 (en) | 2022-02-09 |
TW202039103A (zh) | 2020-11-01 |
CN113677444A (zh) | 2021-11-19 |
US20220176412A1 (en) | 2022-06-09 |
KR102575902B1 (ko) | 2023-09-07 |
US11819885B2 (en) | 2023-11-21 |
CN113677444B (zh) | 2023-04-28 |
CA3135424A1 (en) | 2020-10-08 |
JP7101635B2 (ja) | 2022-07-15 |
KR20210138751A (ko) | 2021-11-19 |
CA3135424C (en) | 2024-01-02 |
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