WO2020202579A1 - 液化ガスタンクおよび液化ガス運搬船 - Google Patents

液化ガスタンクおよび液化ガス運搬船 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020202579A1
WO2020202579A1 PCT/JP2019/015228 JP2019015228W WO2020202579A1 WO 2020202579 A1 WO2020202579 A1 WO 2020202579A1 JP 2019015228 W JP2019015228 W JP 2019015228W WO 2020202579 A1 WO2020202579 A1 WO 2020202579A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tank body
liquefied gas
insulating material
heat insulating
membrane
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2019/015228
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
川本　英樹
今井　達也
啓介 間城
健太郎 奥村
遼平 藤村
田中　一雄
大輔 神▲崎▼
洋輝 中土
村岸　治
好伸 坂野
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd
Kawasaki Motors Ltd
Original Assignee
Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd
Kawasaki Jukogyo KK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd, Kawasaki Jukogyo KK filed Critical Kawasaki Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority to PCT/JP2019/015228 priority Critical patent/WO2020202579A1/ja
Priority to JP2021511075A priority patent/JP7312815B2/ja
Priority to EP19923070.7A priority patent/EP3950536A4/en
Priority to KR1020217033825A priority patent/KR102662477B1/ko
Priority to CN201980095139.XA priority patent/CN113661134B/zh
Publication of WO2020202579A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020202579A1/ja
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/001—Thermal insulation specially adapted for cryogenic vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/02—Wall construction
    • B65D90/06—Coverings, e.g. for insulating purposes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/08—Mounting arrangements for vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
    • F17C3/027—Wallpanels for so-called membrane tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B2025/085—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid comprising separation membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B2025/087—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid comprising self-contained tanks installed in the ship structure as separate units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/002—Storage in barges or on ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0128—Shape spherical or elliptical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0329—Foam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0375—Thermal insulations by gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0375—Thermal insulations by gas
    • F17C2203/0379—Inert
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0375—Thermal insulations by gas
    • F17C2203/0383—Air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0375—Thermal insulations by gas
    • F17C2203/0387—Cryogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0604—Liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0639—Steels
    • F17C2203/0643—Stainless steels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
    • F17C2203/0636—Metals
    • F17C2203/0646—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/018—Supporting feet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/016—Noble gases (Ar, Kr, Xe)
    • F17C2221/017—Helium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F17C2270/0107—Wall panels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquefied gas tank and a liquefied gas carrier including the liquefied gas tank.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a spherical tank body for storing liquefied hydrogen and a liquefied gas tank including an insulating layer that completely covers the outer surface of the tank body.
  • Patent Document 1 describes that the insulating layer covering the outer surface of the tank body is filled with hydrogen vapor. However, Patent Document 1 does not describe a specific structure for realizing it.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a liquefied gas tank having a feasible structure and a liquefied gas carrier including the liquefied gas tank.
  • the liquefied gas tank from one side of the present invention is provided between a spherical tank body for storing liquefied gas, a heat insulating material covering the outer surface of the tank body, and the tank body. It is characterized by including a membrane fixed to the heat insulating material or the tank body with the heat insulating material sandwiched therein, and airtightly covering the heat insulating material along the outer surface of the tank body.
  • the heat insulating material is airtightly covered by the membrane, the space between the tank body and the membrane is filled with a gas other than air, and the pressure in the space is made lower than the atmospheric pressure. Can be done. That is, the liquefied gas tank configured as described above has a feasible structure.
  • both the upper hemisphere portion and the lower hemisphere portion of the membrane may be fixed to the heat insulating material or the tank body.
  • the liquefied gas tank further includes a tubular skirt that supports the tank body on the floor of the hull, and the skirt has an upper part made of the same material as the tank body, a lower part made of the same material as the hull, and the above. It may include an intermediate portion of a material having a lower thermal conductivity than the tank body and the hull. According to this configuration, the skirt can be easily joined to the tank body and the hull, and heat conduction through the skirt can be hindered by the intermediate portion of the skirt.
  • the membrane includes an inner curved surface portion located inside the skirt and an outer curved surface portion located outside the skirt, and each of the inner curved surface portion and the outer curved surface portion is made of the same material as the intermediate portion of the skirt. It may be joined to the middle portion of the skirt. According to this configuration, when the liquefied gas is charged into the tank body, each of the inner curved surface portion and the outer curved surface portion is heat-shrinked so as to stick to the heat insulating material with the ring-shaped joint with the skirt as a base point.
  • the pressure in the space between the tank body and the membrane secured by the heat insulating material may be lower than the atmospheric pressure. According to this configuration, since the membrane is pressed against the tank body via the heat insulating material by the atmospheric pressure, the fixing structure of the membrane can be simplified.
  • the space between the tank body and the membrane secured by the heat insulating material may be filled with boil-off gas in which the liquefied gas is vaporized.
  • the heat insulating material is sandwiched between the spherical tank body, the heat insulating material covering the inner side surface of the tank body, and the tank body.
  • a membrane fixed to the tank body and airtightly covering the heat insulating material along the inner surface of the tank body is provided, and liquefied gas is stored inside the membrane.
  • the heat insulating material is airtightly covered by the membrane, the space between the tank body and the membrane is filled with a gas other than air, and the pressure in the space is lower than the ambient pressure. Can be done. That is, the liquefied gas tank configured as described above has a feasible structure.
  • both the upper hemisphere portion and the lower hemisphere portion of the membrane may be fixed to the heat insulating material or the tank body.
  • the space between the tank body and the membrane secured by the heat insulating material may be filled with boil-off gas in which the liquefied gas is vaporized.
  • the liquefied gas tank may further include a heat insulating material that covers the outer surface of the tank body. According to this configuration, the distance from the membrane to the tank body, in other words, the diameter of the tank body, can be reduced as compared with the case where the outer surface of the tank body is not covered with the heat insulating material.
  • the liquefied gas carrier of the present invention is characterized by including the above-mentioned liquefied gas tank.
  • a liquefied gas tank having a feasible structure is provided.
  • FIG. 1 shows a liquefied gas carrier 1 including a liquefied gas tank 2A according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the liquefied gas carrier 1 includes a hull 11 on which the liquefied gas tank 2A is mounted, and a tank cover 12 that forms a holding space 13 around the liquefied gas tank 2A together with the hull 11.
  • the holding space 13 is filled with nitrogen gas.
  • the holding space 13 may be filled with dry air or may be filled with the exhaust gas of the propulsion engine.
  • the liquefied gas tank 2A includes a tank body 3 for storing liquefied gas, a heat insulating material 6 that completely covers the outer surface of the tank body 3, and a membrane 4 that completely covers the heat insulating material 6.
  • the liquefied gas is LNG, liquefied nitrogen, liquefied hydrogen, liquefied helium, or the like.
  • the tank body 3 is spherical.
  • the tank body 3 does not necessarily have to be spherically symmetric, and may have a shape that approximates spherical symmetry.
  • the tank body 3 may have a shape that bulges 45 degrees above and / or 45 degrees below the center of the tank body 3 as compared with spherical symmetry.
  • the tank body 3 may have a shape in which a short tubular body is sandwiched between the upper hemisphere and the lower hemisphere.
  • the tank body 3 is supported by the skirt 5 on the floor surface 11a of the hull 11.
  • the skirt 5 has a tubular shape with the vertical direction as the axial direction, and the upper end of the skirt 5 is joined to the equator portion of the tank body 3 by welding or the like.
  • the structure that supports the tank body 3 can be changed as appropriate.
  • the skirt 5 includes an upper portion 51, an intermediate portion 52, and a lower portion 53.
  • the lengths of the upper portion 51 and the lower portion 53 are shorter than the length of the intermediate portion 52, but the lengths thereof can be changed as appropriate.
  • the upper portion 51 is made of the same material as the tank body 3 (for example, aluminum), and the lower portion 53 is made of the same material as the hull 11 (for example, carbon steel).
  • the intermediate portion 52 is made of a material (for example, stainless steel) having a lower thermal conductivity than that of the tank body 3 and the hull 11. Although not shown, dissimilar joints are provided between the upper portion 51 and the intermediate portion 52 and between the intermediate portion 52 and the lower portion 53.
  • the heat insulating material 6 is composed of a plurality of panel-shaped foams arranged adjacent to each other.
  • Each foam is made of a resin such as polyurethane (PU) or phenolic resin (PF).
  • the membrane 4 airtightly covers the heat insulating material 6 along the outer surface of the tank body 3. That is, the shape of the membrane 4 is similar to the shape of the tank body 3. However, since the thickness of the membrane 4 is sufficiently thinner than the thickness of the tank body 3, the membrane 4 cannot stand on its own like the tank body 3.
  • the plate thickness of the membrane 4 is, for example, 1/10 or less of the plate thickness of the tank body 3. For example, the plate thickness of the tank body 3 is 10 to 80 mm, and the plate thickness of the membrane 4 is 1 to 10 mm.
  • the membrane 4 may be made of an Invar alloy having an extremely small coefficient of linear expansion, or may be made of stainless steel. It is desirable that the membrane 4 be provided with folds in order to absorb the difference in heat shrinkage between the tank body 3 and the membrane 4 when the liquefied gas is charged into the tank body 3.
  • the membrane 4 is fixed to the heat insulating material 6 or the tank body 3 with the heat insulating material 6 sandwiched between the membrane 4 and the tank body 3. It is desirable that both the upper hemisphere and the lower hemisphere of the membrane 4 are fixed to the heat insulating material 6 or the tank body 3, but only the lower hemisphere of the membrane 4 may be fixed to the heat insulating material 6 or the tank body 3. ..
  • the membrane 4 may be fixed to the heat insulating material 6 by self-adhesion due to foaming of the resin at the time of manufacturing the foam constituting the heat insulating material 6.
  • the heat insulating material 6 has a laminated structure in which a wire net is sandwiched between the lower foam layer and the upper foam layer, for example, the wire net is provided by using a stud bolt provided on the outer surface of the tank body 3. It may be fixed and the wire net and the membrane 4 may be connected by bolts.
  • the membrane 4 may be directly fixed to the tank body 3 using stud bolts that are longer than the thickness of the heat insulating material 6.
  • the membrane 4 includes an inner curved surface portion 41 located inside the skirt 5 and an outer curved surface portion 42 located outside the skirt 5.
  • Each of the inner curved surface portion 41 and the outer curved surface portion 42 is made of the same material (for example, stainless steel) as the intermediate portion 52 of the skirt 5. Further, each of the inner curved surface portion 41 and the outer curved surface portion 42 is joined to the intermediate portion 52 of the skirt 5 by welding or the like.
  • the space between the tank body 3 and the membrane 4 secured by the heat insulating material 6 is filled with nitrogen gas.
  • the space between the tank body 3 and the membrane 4 may be filled with hydrogen gas or helium gas.
  • the pressure in the space between the tank body 3 and the membrane 4 is lower than the atmospheric pressure.
  • the pressure in the space between the tank body 3 and the membrane 4 is 1.0 ⁇ 10 -5 to 5.0 ⁇ 10 4 Pa.
  • the air between the tank body 3 and the membrane 4 is first vacuum pumped. Then, nitrogen gas may be injected between the tank body 3 and the membrane 4, and finally the nitrogen gas may be sucked by a vacuum pump.
  • the space between the tank body 3 and the membrane 4 may be filled with a gas other than air.
  • the pressure in the space can be lower than the atmospheric pressure. That is, the liquefied gas tank 2A of the present embodiment has a feasible structure.
  • the membrane 4 since the pressure in the space between the tank body 3 and the membrane 4 is lower than the atmospheric pressure, the membrane 4 is pressed against the tank body 3 via the heat insulating material 6 by the atmospheric pressure. Therefore, the fixing structure of the membrane 4 can be simplified by reducing the number of fixing stud bolts. As a result, the number of heat intrusion paths into the tank body 3 can be reduced, and the heat insulating performance can be improved.
  • the skirt 5 since the upper portion 51 and the lower portion 53 of the skirt 5 are made of the same material as the tank body 3 and the hull 11, respectively, the skirt 5 can be easily joined to the tank body 3 and the hull 11. .. Moreover, since the intermediate portion 52 of the skirt 5 has a lower thermal conductivity than the upper portion 51 and the lower portion 53, the intermediate portion 52 can inhibit the heat conduction through the skirt 5.
  • the inner curved surface portion 41 and the outer curved surface portion 42 of the membrane 4 are made of the same material as the intermediate portion 52 of the skirt 5 and are joined to the intermediate portion 52, they are liquefied in the tank body 3.
  • each of the inner curved surface portion 41 and the outer curved surface portion 42 is heat-shrinked so as to stick to the heat insulating material 6 with the ring-shaped joint portion with the skirt 5 as a base point.
  • the space between the tank body 3 and the membrane 4 may be filled with boil-off gas obtained by vaporizing the liquefied gas in the tank body 3.
  • Various methods can be adopted as a method of filling the space between the tank body 3 and the membrane 4 with the boil-off gas.
  • a communication hole may be provided in the upper part of the tank body 3.
  • a branch pipe may be provided in the transfer pipe for guiding the boil-off gas from the tank body 3 to another device, and the tip of the branch pipe may be opened between the tank body 3 and the membrane 4.
  • FIG. 3 shows a liquefied gas carrier 1 including a liquefied gas tank 2B according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the same components as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and duplicate description will be omitted.
  • the heat insulating material 6 covers not the outer surface of the tank body 3 but the inner surface of the tank body 3, and the membrane 4 covers the heat insulating material 6 entirely along the inner side surface of the tank body 3 in an airtight manner. Then, the liquefied gas is stored inside the membrane 4.
  • the membrane 4 is fixed to the heat insulating material 6 or the tank body 3 with the heat insulating material 6 sandwiched between the membrane 4 and the tank body 3. It is desirable that both the upper hemisphere and the lower hemisphere of the membrane 4 are fixed to the heat insulating material 6 or the tank body 3, but only the upper hemisphere of the membrane 4 may be fixed to the heat insulating material 6 or the tank body 3. ..
  • the membrane 4 may be fixed to the heat insulating material 6 by self-adhesion due to foaming of the resin at the time of manufacturing the foam constituting the heat insulating material 6.
  • the heat insulating material 6 has a laminated structure in which a wire net is sandwiched between the lower foam layer and the upper foam layer, for example, the wire net is provided by using a stud bolt provided on the inner side surface of the tank body 3. It may be fixed and the wire net and the membrane 4 may be connected by bolts.
  • the membrane 4 may be directly fixed to the tank body 3 using stud bolts that are longer than the thickness of the heat insulating material 6.
  • the space between the tank body 3 and the membrane 4 secured by the heat insulating material 6 is filled with boil-off gas in which the liquefied gas in the membrane 4 is vaporized.
  • boil-off gas in which the liquefied gas in the membrane 4 is vaporized.
  • Various methods can be adopted as a method of filling the space between the tank body 3 and the membrane 4 with the boil-off gas.
  • a communication hole may be provided in the upper part of the membrane 4.
  • a branch pipe may be provided in a transfer pipe for guiding the boil-off gas from the inside of the membrane 4 to another device, and the tip of the branch pipe may be opened between the tank body 3 and the membrane 4.
  • the heat insulating material 6 is airtightly covered with the membrane 4, so that the space between the tank body 3 and the membrane 4 is other than air. It can be filled with gas or the pressure in the space can be lower than the ambient pressure. That is, the liquefied gas tank 2B of the present embodiment has a feasible structure.
  • the outer surface of the tank body 3 may be covered with the heat insulating material 7.
  • the membrane 4 can be used as compared with the case where the outer surface of the tank body 3 is not covered with the heat insulating material 7. The distance to the tank body 3, in other words, the diameter of the tank body 3 can be reduced.
  • the holding space 13 outside the heat insulating material 7 is filled with nitrogen gas, so that the nitrogen gas invades the heat insulating material 7 from the holding space 13 and the voids in the heat insulating material 7. Is filled with nitrogen gas. Further, nitrogen gas may be supplied to the second heat insulating material 8 from a gas generator (not shown). When the holding space 13 is filled with dry air instead of nitrogen gas, the voids in the heat insulating material 7 may also be filled with dry air.
  • the liquefied gas tanks 2A and 2B do not necessarily have to be included in the liquefied gas carrier 1, and may be included in the land equipment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
PCT/JP2019/015228 2019-04-05 2019-04-05 液化ガスタンクおよび液化ガス運搬船 Ceased WO2020202579A1 (ja)

Priority Applications (5)

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PCT/JP2019/015228 WO2020202579A1 (ja) 2019-04-05 2019-04-05 液化ガスタンクおよび液化ガス運搬船
JP2021511075A JP7312815B2 (ja) 2019-04-05 2019-04-05 液化ガスタンクおよび液化ガス運搬船
EP19923070.7A EP3950536A4 (en) 2019-04-05 2019-04-05 LPG TANK AND LPG TANK
KR1020217033825A KR102662477B1 (ko) 2019-04-05 2019-04-05 액화 가스 탱크 및 액화 가스 운반선
CN201980095139.XA CN113661134B (zh) 2019-04-05 2019-04-05 液化气罐和液化气搬运船

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US11933435B2 (en) 2021-10-08 2024-03-19 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha High-pressure gas tank connection structure
WO2024062624A1 (ja) * 2022-09-22 2024-03-28 川崎重工業株式会社 多重殻タンク及び船舶
EP4269225A4 (en) * 2020-12-28 2024-09-18 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha MULTI-JACKET TANK AND VESSEL
JP2024538207A (ja) * 2021-11-03 2024-10-18 ハンファ オーシャン カンパニー リミテッド 船舶の蒸発ガスの再液化装置のパージシステム及びパージ方法

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EP4269225A4 (en) * 2020-12-28 2024-09-18 Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha MULTI-JACKET TANK AND VESSEL
WO2023032615A1 (ja) * 2021-09-03 2023-03-09 川崎重工業株式会社 液化水素タンク及びその設計方法
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WO2024062624A1 (ja) * 2022-09-22 2024-03-28 川崎重工業株式会社 多重殻タンク及び船舶

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CN113661134A (zh) 2021-11-16
JPWO2020202579A1 (https=) 2020-10-08
KR20210141628A (ko) 2021-11-23
KR102662477B1 (ko) 2024-05-03
EP3950536A1 (en) 2022-02-09
EP3950536A4 (en) 2022-11-30
CN113661134B (zh) 2023-03-10

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