WO2020188979A1 - 熱処理方法および熱処理装置 - Google Patents
熱処理方法および熱処理装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020188979A1 WO2020188979A1 PCT/JP2020/001217 JP2020001217W WO2020188979A1 WO 2020188979 A1 WO2020188979 A1 WO 2020188979A1 JP 2020001217 W JP2020001217 W JP 2020001217W WO 2020188979 A1 WO2020188979 A1 WO 2020188979A1
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- temperature
- heat treatment
- semiconductor wafer
- flash lamp
- substrate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P95/00—Generic processes or apparatus for manufacture or treatments not covered by the other groups of this subclass
- H10P95/90—Thermal treatments, e.g. annealing or sintering
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P34/00—Irradiation with electromagnetic or particle radiation of wafers, substrates or parts of devices
- H10P34/40—Irradiation with electromagnetic or particle radiation of wafers, substrates or parts of devices with high-energy radiation
- H10P34/42—Irradiation with electromagnetic or particle radiation of wafers, substrates or parts of devices with high-energy radiation with electromagnetic radiation, e.g. laser annealing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P72/00—Handling or holding of wafers, substrates or devices during manufacture or treatment thereof
- H10P72/04—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H10P72/0431—Apparatus for thermal treatment
- H10P72/0436—Apparatus for thermal treatment mainly by radiation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/0003—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry for sensing the radiant heat transfer of samples, e.g. emittance meter
- G01J5/0007—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry for sensing the radiant heat transfer of samples, e.g. emittance meter of wafers or semiconductor substrates, e.g. using Rapid Thermal Processing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/1917—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using digital means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/27—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing element responsive to radiation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0227—Applications
- H05B1/023—Industrial applications
- H05B1/0233—Industrial applications for semiconductors manufacturing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/0033—Heating devices using lamps
- H05B3/0038—Heating devices using lamps for industrial applications
- H05B3/0047—Heating devices using lamps for industrial applications for semiconductor manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P34/00—Irradiation with electromagnetic or particle radiation of wafers, substrates or parts of devices
- H10P34/40—Irradiation with electromagnetic or particle radiation of wafers, substrates or parts of devices with high-energy radiation
- H10P34/42—Irradiation with electromagnetic or particle radiation of wafers, substrates or parts of devices with high-energy radiation with electromagnetic radiation, e.g. laser annealing
- H10P34/422—Irradiation with electromagnetic or particle radiation of wafers, substrates or parts of devices with high-energy radiation with electromagnetic radiation, e.g. laser annealing using incoherent radiation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P72/00—Handling or holding of wafers, substrates or devices during manufacture or treatment thereof
- H10P72/06—Apparatus for monitoring, sorting, marking, testing or measuring
- H10P72/0602—Temperature monitoring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P74/00—Testing or measuring during manufacture or treatment of wafers, substrates or devices
- H10P74/20—Testing or measuring during manufacture or treatment of wafers, substrates or devices characterised by the properties tested or measured, e.g. structural or electrical properties
- H10P74/203—Structural properties, e.g. testing or measuring thicknesses, line widths, warpage, bond strengths or physical defects
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10P—GENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H10P74/00—Testing or measuring during manufacture or treatment of wafers, substrates or devices
- H10P74/23—Testing or measuring during manufacture or treatment of wafers, substrates or devices characterised by multiple measurements, corrections, marking or sorting processes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/032—Heaters specially adapted for heating by radiation heating
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a heat treatment method and a heat treatment apparatus for heating a thin plate-shaped precision electronic substrate (hereinafter, simply referred to as "substrate”) such as a semiconductor wafer by irradiating the substrate with flash light.
- substrate thin plate-shaped precision electronic substrate
- the introduction of impurities is an indispensable process for forming a pn junction in a semiconductor wafer.
- the introduction of impurities is generally performed by an ion implantation method and a subsequent annealing method.
- the ion implantation method is a technique for physically injecting impurities by ionizing impurity elements such as boron (B), arsenic (As), and phosphorus (P) and causing them to collide with a semiconductor wafer at a high accelerating voltage.
- the injected impurities are activated by annealing. At this time, if the annealing time is about several seconds or more, the implanted impurities are deeply diffused by heat, and as a result, the bonding depth becomes too deeper than required, which may hinder the formation of a good device.
- Flash lamp annealing is a semiconductor wafer in which impurities are injected by irradiating the surface of the semiconductor wafer with flash light using a xenon flash lamp (hereinafter, simply referred to as "flash lamp” means a xenon flash lamp).
- flash lamp means a xenon flash lamp.
- This is a heat treatment technique that raises the temperature of only the surface of the lamp in an extremely short time (several milliseconds or less).
- the radiation spectral distribution of the xenon flash lamp is from the ultraviolet region to the near infrared region, the wavelength is shorter than that of the conventional halogen lamp, and it almost coincides with the basic absorption band of the silicon semiconductor wafer. Therefore, when the semiconductor wafer is irradiated with the flash light from the xenon flash lamp, the transmitted light is small and the temperature of the semiconductor wafer can be rapidly raised. It has also been found that if the flash light is irradiated for an extremely short time of several milliseconds or less, the temperature can be selectively raised only in the vicinity of the surface of the semiconductor wafer. Therefore, if the temperature is raised in an extremely short time by the xenon flash lamp, only impurity activation can be performed without deeply diffusing impurities.
- Patent Document 1 discloses an apparatus in which an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is connected to a light emitting circuit of the flash lamp to control the light emission of the flash lamp.
- IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor
- a predetermined pulse signal is input to the gate of the IGBT to regulate the waveform of the current flowing through the flash lamp, control the lamp emission, and freely adjust the surface temperature profile of the semiconductor wafer. can do.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a heat treatment method and a heat treatment apparatus capable of accurately raising the surface temperature of a substrate to a target temperature.
- the first aspect of the present invention is a heat treatment method in which a substrate is heated by irradiating the substrate with flash light, and the surface of the substrate is irradiated with flash light from a flash lamp.
- a flash light irradiation step of raising the temperature a temperature measuring step of measuring the temperature of the surface of the substrate to be raised by a radiation thermometer, and a temperature of the surface measured by the radiation thermometer when the target temperature is reached. It also includes a light emitting stop step of stopping the supply of current to the flash lamp to lower the temperature of the surface.
- a second aspect is a heat treatment method for heating a substrate by irradiating the substrate with flash light, wherein the surface of the substrate is irradiated with flash light from a flash lamp to raise the temperature of the surface.
- a temperature measurement step of measuring the temperature of the surface of the substrate to be heated by a radiation thermometer, and a prediction step of predicting the estimated arrival time when the surface temperature reaches the target temperature from the temperature measurement result by the radiation thermometer.
- a light emitting stop step of stopping the supply of the current to the flash lamp and lowering the temperature of the surface within a predetermined period including the scheduled arrival time predicted in the prediction step.
- the supply of the current to the flash lamp is stopped at the scheduled arrival time.
- the estimated arrival time is based on a plurality of temperature rise patterns acquired when the flash light irradiation is performed. Predict.
- a fifth aspect is the heat treatment method according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, in which in the light emission stopping step, the IGBT connected to the flash lamp is turned off and a current is supplied to the flash lamp. To stop.
- the chamber containing the substrate and the surface of the substrate housed in the chamber are irradiated with the flash light.
- the radiation thermometer that measures the temperature of the surface of the substrate that raises the temperature, and the temperature of the surface measured by the radiation thermometer reaches the target temperature.
- a switching unit for stopping the supply of current to the flash lamp to lower the temperature of the surface is provided.
- the chamber containing the substrate and the surface of the substrate housed in the chamber are irradiated with the flash light.
- the radiation thermometer that measures the temperature of the surface of the substrate that raises the temperature, and the temperature measurement result by the radiation thermometer, the temperature of the surface will reach the target temperature. It includes a prediction unit that predicts the time, and a switching unit that stops the supply of current to the flash lamp within a predetermined period including the estimated arrival time predicted by the prediction unit to lower the temperature of the surface.
- the switching unit stops the supply of the current to the flash lamp at the scheduled arrival time.
- the ninth aspect further includes a storage unit for storing a plurality of temperature rising patterns acquired when flash light irradiation is performed in the heat treatment apparatus according to the seventh or eighth aspect, and the prediction unit. Predicts the estimated arrival time based on the plurality of temperature rise patterns.
- a tenth aspect is the heat treatment apparatus according to any one of the sixth to ninth aspects, wherein the switching unit includes an IGBT connected to the flash lamp.
- the heat treatment method when the temperature of the surface of the substrate measured by the radiation thermometer reaches the target temperature, the supply of current to the flash lamp is stopped to reduce the temperature of the surface of the substrate. Since the temperature is lowered, the surface temperature of the substrate can be accurately raised to the target temperature regardless of the surface condition of the substrate.
- the estimated arrival time at which the surface temperature of the substrate reaches the target temperature is predicted from the temperature measurement result by the radiation thermometer, and within a predetermined period including the estimated arrival time. Since the supply of current to the flash lamp is stopped to lower the temperature of the surface of the substrate, the surface temperature of the substrate can be accurately raised to the target temperature regardless of the surface condition of the substrate.
- the heat treatment apparatus when the temperature of the surface of the substrate measured by the radiation thermometer reaches the target temperature, the supply of current to the flash lamp is stopped to reduce the temperature of the surface of the substrate. Since the temperature is lowered, the surface temperature of the substrate can be accurately raised to the target temperature regardless of the surface condition of the substrate.
- the estimated arrival time at which the surface temperature of the substrate reaches the target temperature is predicted from the temperature measurement result by the radiation thermometer, and within a predetermined period including the estimated arrival time. Since the supply of current to the flash lamp is stopped to lower the temperature of the surface of the substrate, the surface temperature of the substrate can be accurately raised to the target temperature regardless of the surface condition of the substrate.
- FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the heat treatment apparatus 1 according to the present invention.
- the heat treatment device 1 of FIG. 1 is a flash lamp annealing device that heats a disk-shaped semiconductor wafer W as a substrate by irradiating the semiconductor wafer W with flash light.
- the size of the semiconductor wafer W to be processed is not particularly limited, but is, for example, ⁇ 300 mm or ⁇ 450 mm ( ⁇ 300 mm in this embodiment).
- Impurities are injected into the semiconductor wafer W before it is carried into the heat treatment apparatus 1, and the activation treatment of the impurities injected by the heat treatment by the heat treatment apparatus 1 is executed.
- the dimensions and numbers of each part are exaggerated or simplified as necessary for easy understanding.
- the heat treatment apparatus 1 includes a chamber 6 for accommodating a semiconductor wafer W, a flash heating unit 5 containing a plurality of flash lamps FL, and a halogen heating unit 4 containing a plurality of halogen lamps HL.
- a flash heating unit 5 is provided on the upper side of the chamber 6, and a halogen heating unit 4 is provided on the lower side.
- the heat treatment apparatus 1 includes a holding portion 7 that holds the semiconductor wafer W in a horizontal posture inside the chamber 6, a transfer mechanism 10 that transfers the semiconductor wafer W between the holding portion 7 and the outside of the apparatus. To be equipped.
- the heat treatment apparatus 1 includes a halogen heating unit 4, a flash heating unit 5, and a control unit 3 that controls each operation mechanism provided in the chamber 6 to execute heat treatment of the semiconductor wafer W.
- the chamber 6 is configured by mounting quartz chamber windows above and below the tubular chamber side portion 61.
- the chamber side portion 61 has a substantially tubular shape with upper and lower openings, and the upper chamber window 63 is attached to the upper opening and closed, and the lower chamber window 64 is attached to the lower opening and closed.
- the upper chamber window 63 constituting the ceiling portion of the chamber 6 is a disk-shaped member formed of quartz, and functions as a quartz window that transmits the flash light emitted from the flash heating portion 5 into the chamber 6.
- the lower chamber window 64 constituting the floor portion of the chamber 6 is also a disk-shaped member formed of quartz, and functions as a quartz window that transmits light from the halogen heating portion 4 into the chamber 6.
- the reflection ring 68 is attached to the upper part of the inner wall surface of the chamber side portion 61, and the reflection ring 69 is attached to the lower part.
- the reflective rings 68 and 69 are both formed in an annular shape.
- the upper reflective ring 68 is attached by fitting from the upper side of the chamber side portion 61.
- the lower reflection ring 69 is attached by fitting it from the lower side of the chamber side portion 61 and fastening it with a screw (not shown). That is, both the reflective rings 68 and 69 are detachably attached to the chamber side portion 61.
- the inner space of the chamber 6, that is, the space surrounded by the upper chamber window 63, the lower chamber window 64, the chamber side 61, and the reflection rings 68, 69 is defined as the heat treatment space 65.
- a recess 62 is formed on the inner wall surface of the chamber 6. That is, a recess 62 is formed which is surrounded by the central portion of the inner wall surface of the chamber side portion 61 to which the reflection rings 68 and 69 are not mounted, the lower end surface of the reflection ring 68, and the upper end surface of the reflection ring 69. ..
- the recess 62 is formed in an annular shape along the horizontal direction on the inner wall surface of the chamber 6 and surrounds the holding portion 7 that holds the semiconductor wafer W.
- the chamber side 61 and the reflective rings 68 and 69 are made of a metal material (for example, stainless steel) having excellent strength and heat resistance.
- the chamber side portion 61 is provided with a transport opening (furnace port) 66 for loading and unloading the semiconductor wafer W into and out of the chamber 6.
- the transport opening 66 can be opened and closed by a gate valve 185.
- the transport opening 66 is communicatively connected to the outer peripheral surface of the recess 62. Therefore, when the gate valve 185 opens the transport opening 66, the semiconductor wafer W is carried in from the transport opening 66 through the recess 62 into the heat treatment space 65 and the semiconductor wafer W is carried out from the heat treatment space 65. It can be performed. Further, when the gate valve 185 closes the transport opening 66, the heat treatment space 65 in the chamber 6 becomes a closed space.
- the through hole 61a is a cylindrical hole for guiding the infrared light emitted from the upper surface of the semiconductor wafer W held by the susceptor 74, which will be described later, to the infrared sensor 29 of the upper radiation thermometer 25.
- the through hole 61b is a cylindrical hole for guiding the infrared light emitted from the lower surface of the semiconductor wafer W to the lower radiation thermometer 20.
- the through hole 61a and the through hole 61b are provided so as to be inclined with respect to the horizontal direction so that their axes in the through direction intersect with the main surface of the semiconductor wafer W held by the susceptor 74.
- a transparent window 26 made of a calcium fluoride material that transmits infrared light in a wavelength region that can be measured by the upper radiation thermometer 25 is mounted on the end of the through hole 61a on the side facing the heat treatment space 65.
- a transparent window 21 made of a barium fluoride material that transmits infrared light in a wavelength region that can be measured by the lower radiation thermometer 20 is attached to the end of the through hole 61b on the side facing the heat treatment space 65. ..
- a gas supply hole 81 for supplying the processing gas to the heat treatment space 65 is formed in the upper part of the inner wall of the chamber 6.
- the gas supply hole 81 is formed at a position above the recess 62, and may be provided in the reflection ring 68.
- the gas supply hole 81 is communicatively connected to the gas supply pipe 83 via a buffer space 82 formed in an annular shape inside the side wall of the chamber 6.
- the gas supply pipe 83 is connected to the processing gas supply source 85.
- a valve 84 is inserted in the middle of the path of the gas supply pipe 83. When the valve 84 is opened, the processing gas is supplied from the processing gas supply source 85 to the buffer space 82.
- the processing gas that has flowed into the buffer space 82 flows so as to expand in the buffer space 82 having a smaller fluid resistance than the gas supply hole 81, and is supplied from the gas supply hole 81 into the heat treatment space 65.
- the treatment gas for example, an inert gas such as nitrogen (N 2 ), a reactive gas such as hydrogen (H 2 ) or ammonia (NH 3 ), or a mixed gas in which they are mixed can be used (this). Nitrogen gas in the embodiment).
- a gas exhaust hole 86 for exhausting the gas in the heat treatment space 65 is formed in the lower part of the inner wall of the chamber 6.
- the gas exhaust hole 86 is formed at a position below the recess 62, and may be provided in the reflection ring 69.
- the gas exhaust hole 86 is communicatively connected to the gas exhaust pipe 88 via a buffer space 87 formed in an annular shape inside the side wall of the chamber 6.
- the gas exhaust pipe 88 is connected to the exhaust unit 190.
- a valve 89 is inserted in the middle of the path of the gas exhaust pipe 88. When the valve 89 is opened, the gas in the heat treatment space 65 is discharged from the gas exhaust hole 86 to the gas exhaust pipe 88 via the buffer space 87.
- a plurality of gas supply holes 81 and gas exhaust holes 86 may be provided along the circumferential direction of the chamber 6, or may be slit-shaped. Further, the processing gas supply source 85 and the exhaust unit 190 may be a mechanism provided in the heat treatment apparatus 1, or may be a utility of a factory in which the heat treatment apparatus 1 is installed.
- a gas exhaust pipe 191 for discharging the gas in the heat treatment space 65 is also connected to the tip of the transport opening 66.
- the gas exhaust pipe 191 is connected to the exhaust unit 190 via a valve 192. By opening the valve 192, the gas in the chamber 6 is exhausted through the transport opening 66.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the overall appearance of the holding portion 7.
- the holding portion 7 includes a base ring 71, a connecting portion 72, and a susceptor 74.
- the base ring 71, the connecting portion 72 and the susceptor 74 are all made of quartz. That is, the entire holding portion 7 is made of quartz.
- the base ring 71 is an arc-shaped quartz member with a part missing from the ring shape. This missing portion is provided to prevent interference between the transfer arm 11 of the transfer mechanism 10 described later and the base ring 71.
- the base ring 71 By placing the base ring 71 on the bottom surface of the recess 62, the base ring 71 is supported on the wall surface of the chamber 6 (see FIG. 1).
- a plurality of connecting portions 72 (four in the present embodiment) are erected on the upper surface of the base ring 71 along the circumferential direction of the ring shape.
- the connecting portion 72 is also a quartz member, and is fixed to the base ring 71 by welding.
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the susceptor 74.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the susceptor 74.
- the susceptor 74 includes a holding plate 75, a guide ring 76, and a plurality of substrate support pins 77.
- the holding plate 75 is a substantially circular flat plate-shaped member made of quartz. The diameter of the holding plate 75 is larger than the diameter of the semiconductor wafer W. That is, the holding plate 75 has a plane size larger than that of the semiconductor wafer W.
- a guide ring 76 is installed on the upper peripheral edge of the holding plate 75.
- the guide ring 76 is a ring-shaped member having an inner diameter larger than the diameter of the semiconductor wafer W. For example, when the diameter of the semiconductor wafer W is ⁇ 300 mm, the inner diameter of the guide ring 76 is ⁇ 320 mm.
- the inner circumference of the guide ring 76 is a tapered surface that widens upward from the holding plate 75.
- the guide ring 76 is made of quartz similar to the holding plate 75.
- the guide ring 76 may be welded to the upper surface of the holding plate 75, or may be fixed to the holding plate 75 by a separately processed pin or the like. Alternatively, the holding plate 75 and the guide ring 76 may be processed as an integral member.
- the region inside the guide ring 76 on the upper surface of the holding plate 75 is a flat holding surface 75a for holding the semiconductor wafer W.
- a plurality of substrate support pins 77 are erected on the holding surface 75a of the holding plate 75. In the present embodiment, a total of 12 substrate support pins 77 are erected at every 30 ° along the circumference of the outer circumference circle (inner circumference circle of the guide ring 76) of the holding surface 75a and the concentric circle.
- the diameter of the circle in which the 12 substrate support pins 77 are arranged is smaller than the diameter of the semiconductor wafer W, and if the diameter of the semiconductor wafer W is ⁇ 300 mm, the diameter is ⁇ 270 mm to ⁇ 280 mm (this implementation). In the form, it is ⁇ 270 mm).
- Each substrate support pin 77 is made of quartz.
- the plurality of substrate support pins 77 may be provided on the upper surface of the holding plate 75 by welding, or may be processed integrally with the holding plate 75.
- the four connecting portions 72 erected on the base ring 71 and the peripheral edge portion of the holding plate 75 of the susceptor 74 are fixed by welding. That is, the susceptor 74 and the base ring 71 are fixedly connected by the connecting portion 72.
- the base ring 71 of the holding portion 7 is supported on the wall surface of the chamber 6, so that the holding portion 7 is mounted on the chamber 6.
- the holding plate 75 of the susceptor 74 is in a horizontal posture (a posture in which the normal line coincides with the vertical direction). That is, the holding surface 75a of the holding plate 75 is a horizontal plane.
- the semiconductor wafer W carried into the chamber 6 is placed and held in a horizontal posture on the susceptor 74 of the holding portion 7 mounted on the chamber 6.
- the semiconductor wafer W is supported by the twelve substrate support pins 77 erected on the holding plate 75 and held by the susceptor 74. More precisely, the upper ends of the 12 substrate support pins 77 come into contact with the lower surface of the semiconductor wafer W to support the semiconductor wafer W. Since the heights of the 12 substrate support pins 77 (distance from the upper end of the substrate support pins 77 to the holding surface 75a of the holding plate 75) are uniform, the semiconductor wafer W is placed in a horizontal position by the 12 substrate support pins 77. Can be supported.
- the semiconductor wafer W is supported by a plurality of substrate support pins 77 from the holding surface 75a of the holding plate 75 at a predetermined interval.
- the thickness of the guide ring 76 is larger than the height of the substrate support pin 77. Therefore, the horizontal misalignment of the semiconductor wafer W supported by the plurality of substrate support pins 77 is prevented by the guide ring 76.
- the holding plate 75 of the susceptor 74 is formed with an opening 78 that penetrates vertically.
- the opening 78 is provided for the lower radiation thermometer 20 to receive the synchrotron radiation (infrared light) radiated from the lower surface of the semiconductor wafer W. That is, the lower radiation thermometer 20 receives the light radiated from the lower surface of the semiconductor wafer W through the transparent window 21 mounted in the opening 78 and the through hole 61b of the chamber side 61, and the temperature of the semiconductor wafer W.
- the holding plate 75 of the susceptor 74 is provided with four through holes 79 through which the lift pin 12 of the transfer mechanism 10 described later penetrates for the transfer of the semiconductor wafer W.
- FIG. 5 is a plan view of the transfer mechanism 10.
- FIG. 6 is a side view of the transfer mechanism 10.
- the transfer mechanism 10 includes two transfer arms 11.
- the transfer arm 11 has an arc shape that generally follows an annular recess 62.
- Two lift pins 12 are erected on each transfer arm 11.
- the transfer arm 11 and the lift pin 12 are made of quartz.
- Each transfer arm 11 is rotatable by a horizontal movement mechanism 13.
- the horizontal movement mechanism 13 has a transfer operation position (solid line position in FIG. 5) for transferring the semiconductor wafer W to the holding portion 7 and the semiconductor wafer W held by the holding portion 7. Horizontally move the wafer to a retracted position (two-dot chain line position in FIG. 5) that does not overlap in a plan view.
- the horizontal movement mechanism 13 may be one in which each transfer arm 11 is rotated by an individual motor, or a pair of transfer arms 11 are interlocked and rotated by one motor using a link mechanism. It may be something to move.
- the pair of transfer arms 11 are moved up and down together with the horizontal movement mechanism 13 by the elevating mechanism 14.
- the elevating mechanism 14 raises the pair of transfer arms 11 at the transfer operation position, a total of four lift pins 12 pass through the through holes 79 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) formed in the susceptor 74, and the lift pins The upper end of 12 protrudes from the upper surface of the susceptor 74.
- the evacuation mechanism 14 lowers the pair of transfer arms 11 at the transfer operation position, the lift pin 12 is pulled out from the through hole 79, and the horizontal movement mechanism 13 moves the pair of transfer arms 11 so as to open each.
- the transfer arm 11 moves to the retracted position.
- the retracted position of the pair of transfer arms 11 is directly above the base ring 71 of the holding portion 7. Since the base ring 71 is placed on the bottom surface of the recess 62, the retracted position of the transfer arm 11 is inside the recess 62.
- An exhaust mechanism (not shown) is also provided in the vicinity of the portion where the drive unit (horizontal movement mechanism 13 and elevating mechanism 14) of the transfer mechanism 10 is provided, and the atmosphere around the drive unit of the transfer mechanism 10 is provided. Is configured to be discharged to the outside of the chamber 6.
- the flash heating unit 5 provided above the chamber 6 is a light source composed of a plurality of (30 in this embodiment) xenon flash lamp FL inside the housing 51, and above the light source. It is configured to include a reflector 52 provided so as to cover the above. Further, a lamp light radiation window 53 is attached to the bottom of the housing 51 of the flash heating unit 5.
- the lamp light emitting window 53 constituting the floor portion of the flash heating unit 5 is a plate-shaped quartz window made of quartz.
- Each of the plurality of flash lamps FL is a rod-shaped lamp having a long cylindrical shape, and the longitudinal direction thereof is along the main surface of the semiconductor wafer W held by the holding portion 7 (that is, along the horizontal direction). They are arranged in a plane so as to be parallel to each other. Therefore, the plane formed by the arrangement of the flash lamp FL is also a horizontal plane.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a drive circuit of the flash lamp FL.
- a capacitor 93, a coil 94, a flash lamp FL, and an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) 96 are connected in series.
- the control unit 3 includes a pulse generator 31 and a waveform setting unit 32, and is connected to the input unit 33.
- the input unit 33 various known input devices such as a keyboard, a mouse, and a touch panel can be adopted.
- the waveform setting unit 32 sets the waveform of the pulse signal based on the input content from the input unit 33, and the pulse generator 31 generates the pulse signal according to the waveform.
- the flash lamp FL includes a rod-shaped glass tube (discharge tube) 92 in which xenon gas is sealed inside and anodes and cathodes are arranged at both ends thereof, and a trigger electrode attached on the outer peripheral surface of the glass tube 92. It is equipped with 91. A predetermined voltage is applied to the capacitor 93 by the power supply unit 95, and an electric charge corresponding to the applied voltage (charging voltage) is charged. Further, a high voltage can be applied to the trigger electrode 91 from the trigger circuit 97. The timing at which the trigger circuit 97 applies a voltage to the trigger electrode 91 is controlled by the control unit 3.
- the IGBT 96 is a bipolar transistor in which a MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field effect transistor) is incorporated in the gate portion, and is a switching element suitable for handling a large amount of electric power.
- a pulse signal is applied to the gate of the IGBT 96 from the pulse generator 31 of the control unit 3.
- a voltage equal to or higher than a predetermined value (High voltage) is applied to the gate of the IGBT 96
- the IGBT 96 is turned on, and when a voltage lower than the predetermined value (Low voltage) is applied, the IGBT 96 is turned off.
- the drive circuit including the flash lamp FL is turned on and off by the IGBT 96.
- the IGBT 96 is turned on and off, the connection between the flash lamp FL and the corresponding capacitor 93 is interrupted, and the current flowing through the flash lamp FL is controlled on and off.
- the xenon gas is electrically an insulator, so that the glass is normally in a normal state. No electricity flows through the tube 92.
- the trigger circuit 97 applies a high voltage to the trigger electrode 91 to break the insulation, a current instantly flows in the glass tube 92 due to the discharge between the electrodes at both ends, and the excitement of the xenone atom or molecule at that time. Light is emitted by.
- the drive circuit as shown in FIG. 8 is individually provided for each of the plurality of flash lamp FLs provided in the flash heating unit 5.
- 30 flash lamps FL are arranged in a plane, 30 drive circuits as shown in FIG. 8 are provided corresponding to them. Therefore, the current flowing through each of the 30 flash lamps FL is individually on / off controlled by the corresponding IGBT 96.
- the reflector 52 is provided above the plurality of flash lamps FL so as to cover all of them.
- the basic function of the reflector 52 is to reflect the flash light emitted from the plurality of flash lamps FL toward the heat treatment space 65.
- the reflector 52 is made of an aluminum alloy plate, and its surface (the surface facing the flash lamp FL) is roughened by blasting.
- the halogen heating unit 4 provided below the chamber 6 contains a plurality of halogen lamps HL (40 in this embodiment) inside the housing 41.
- the halogen heating unit 4 is a light irradiation unit that heats the semiconductor wafer W by irradiating the heat treatment space 65 with light from below the chamber 6 through the lower chamber window 64 by a plurality of halogen lamps HL.
- FIG. 7 is a plan view showing the arrangement of a plurality of halogen lamps HL.
- the 40 halogen lamps HL are arranged in two upper and lower stages. Twenty halogen lamps HL are arranged in the upper stage near the holding portion 7, and 20 halogen lamp HLs are also arranged in the lower stage farther from the holding portion 7 than in the upper stage.
- Each halogen lamp HL is a rod-shaped lamp having a long cylindrical shape.
- the 20 halogen lamps HL in both the upper and lower stages are arranged so that their longitudinal directions are parallel to each other along the main surface of the semiconductor wafer W held by the holding portion 7 (that is, along the horizontal direction). There is. Therefore, the plane formed by the arrangement of the halogen lamps HL in both the upper and lower stages is a horizontal plane.
- the arrangement density of the halogen lamp HL in the region facing the peripheral edge portion is higher than the region facing the central portion of the semiconductor wafer W held by the holding portion 7 in both the upper and lower stages.
- the arrangement pitch of the halogen lamp HL is shorter in the peripheral portion than in the central portion of the lamp arrangement. Therefore, it is possible to irradiate a peripheral portion of the semiconductor wafer W, which tends to have a temperature drop during heating by light irradiation from the halogen heating unit 4, with a larger amount of light.
- the lamp group consisting of the upper halogen lamp HL and the lamp group consisting of the lower halogen lamp HL are arranged so as to intersect in a grid pattern. That is, a total of 40 halogen lamps HL are arranged so that the longitudinal direction of the 20 halogen lamps HL arranged in the upper stage and the longitudinal direction of the 20 halogen lamps HL arranged in the lower stage are orthogonal to each other. There is.
- the halogen lamp HL is a filament type light source that incandescents the filament and emits light by energizing the filament arranged inside the glass tube. Inside the glass tube, a gas in which a small amount of a halogen element (iodine, bromine, etc.) is introduced into an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon is sealed. By introducing the halogen element, it becomes possible to set the temperature of the filament to a high temperature while suppressing the breakage of the filament. Therefore, the halogen lamp HL has a characteristic that it has a longer life and can continuously irradiate strong light as compared with a normal incandescent lamp.
- a gas in which a small amount of a halogen element iodine, bromine, etc.
- the halogen lamp HL is a continuously lit lamp that continuously emits light for at least 1 second or longer. Further, since the halogen lamp HL is a rod-shaped lamp, it has a long life, and by arranging the halogen lamp HL along the horizontal direction, the radiation efficiency to the upper semiconductor wafer W becomes excellent.
- a reflector 43 is provided under the two-stage halogen lamp HL in the housing 41 of the halogen heating unit 4 (FIG. 1).
- the reflector 43 reflects the light emitted from the plurality of halogen lamps HL toward the heat treatment space 65.
- the control unit 3 controls the above-mentioned various operation mechanisms provided in the heat treatment apparatus 1.
- the configuration of the control unit 3 as hardware is the same as that of a general computer. That is, the control unit 3 stores a CPU, which is a circuit that performs various arithmetic processes, a ROM, which is a read-only memory that stores basic programs, a RAM, which is a read / write memory that stores various information, and control software and data. It has a magnetic disk to store.
- the processing in the heat treatment apparatus 1 proceeds when the CPU of the control unit 3 executes a predetermined processing program.
- the control unit 3 includes a pulse generator 31 and a waveform setting unit 32 (FIG. 8), and the waveform setting unit 32 sets the waveform of the pulse signal based on the input content from the input unit 33, and the pulse is pulsed accordingly.
- the generator 31 outputs a pulse signal to the gate of the IGBT 96.
- the heat treatment apparatus 1 includes an upper radiation thermometer 25 and a lower radiation thermometer 20.
- the upper radiation thermometer 25 is a high-speed radiation thermometer for measuring a rapid temperature change on the upper surface of the semiconductor wafer W when the flash light is irradiated from the flash lamp FL.
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the high-speed radiation thermometer unit 101 including the main part of the upper radiation thermometer 25.
- the infrared sensor 29 of the upper radiation thermometer 25 is mounted on the outer wall surface of the chamber side portion 61 so that its optical axis coincides with the axis in the penetrating direction of the through hole 61a.
- the infrared sensor 29 receives infrared light radiated from the upper surface of the semiconductor wafer W held by the susceptor 74 through the transparent window 26 of calcium fluoride.
- the infrared sensor 29 includes an InSb (indium antimonide) optical element, and its measurement wavelength range is 5 ⁇ m to 6.5 ⁇ m.
- InSb indium antimonide
- the transparent window 26 of calcium fluoride selectively transmits infrared light in the measurement wavelength range of the infrared sensor 29.
- the resistance of the InSb optical element changes according to the intensity of the infrared light received.
- the infrared sensor 29 provided with the InSb optical element is capable of high-speed measurement with an extremely short response time and a remarkably short sampling interval (at least about 20 microseconds).
- the infrared sensor 29 is electrically connected to the high-speed radiation thermometer unit 101, and transmits a signal generated in response to light reception to the high-speed radiation thermometer unit 101.
- the high-speed radiation thermometer unit 101 includes a signal conversion circuit 102, an amplifier circuit 103, an A / D converter 104, and a temperature conversion unit 105.
- the signal conversion circuit 102 is a circuit that converts the resistance change generated by the InSb optical element of the infrared sensor 29 in the order of current change and voltage change, and finally converts it into a signal having a voltage that is easy to handle and outputs it. is there.
- the signal conversion circuit 102 is configured by using, for example, an operational amplifier.
- the amplifier circuit 103 amplifies the voltage signal output from the signal conversion circuit 102 and outputs it to the A / D converter 104.
- the A / D converter 104 converts the voltage signal amplified by the amplifier circuit 103 into a digital signal.
- the temperature conversion unit 105 converts the signal output from the A / D converter 104, that is, the signal indicating the intensity of the infrared light received by the infrared sensor 29, into a temperature by performing predetermined arithmetic processing.
- the temperature obtained by the temperature conversion unit 105 is the temperature of the upper surface of the semiconductor wafer W.
- the infrared sensor 29, the signal conversion circuit 102, the amplifier circuit 103, the A / D converter 104, and the temperature conversion unit 105 constitute the upper radiation thermometer 25.
- the lower radiation thermometer 20 has substantially the same configuration as the upper radiation thermometer 25, but does not have to support high-speed measurement.
- the high-speed radiation thermometer unit 101 is electrically connected to the control unit 3 which is the controller of the entire heat treatment apparatus 1.
- the control unit 3 includes a prediction unit 35 in addition to the pulse generator 31 and the waveform setting unit 32 (not shown in FIG. 9).
- the prediction unit 35 is a functional processing unit realized by the CPU of the control unit 3 executing a predetermined processing program. The processing content of the prediction unit 35 will be further described later.
- the display unit 34 and the input unit 33 are connected to the control unit 3.
- the control unit 3 displays various information on the display unit 34.
- the operator of the heat treatment apparatus 1 can input various commands and parameters from the input unit 33 while checking the information displayed on the display unit 34.
- a liquid crystal touch panel provided on the outer wall of the heat treatment apparatus 1 may be adopted.
- the IGBT 96 is connected to the control unit 3, and the IGBT 96 is turned on and off by applying a pulse signal from the control unit 3 to the gate of the IGBT 96.
- the storage unit 36 shown in FIG. 9 is a storage medium such as a magnetic disk or a memory of the control unit 3.
- the heat treatment apparatus 1 prevents an excessive temperature rise of the halogen heating unit 4, the flash heating unit 5, and the chamber 6 due to the thermal energy generated from the halogen lamp HL and the flash lamp FL during the heat treatment of the semiconductor wafer W. Therefore, it has various cooling structures.
- a water cooling pipe (not shown) is provided on the wall of the chamber 6.
- the halogen heating unit 4 and the flash heating unit 5 have an air-cooled structure in which a gas flow is formed inside to exhaust heat.
- air is also supplied to the gap between the upper chamber window 63 and the lamp light emitting window 53 to cool the flash heating unit 5 and the upper chamber window 63.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the heat treatment apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the semiconductor wafer W to be processed is a semiconductor substrate to which impurities (ions) have been added by an ion implantation method. Activation of the impurities is carried out by flash light irradiation heat treatment (annealing) by the heat treatment apparatus 1.
- the processing procedure of the heat treatment apparatus 1 described below proceeds by the control unit 3 controlling each operation mechanism of the heat treatment apparatus 1.
- the valve 84 for air supply is opened, and the valves 89 and 192 for exhaust are opened to start air supply and exhaust to the inside of the chamber 6.
- nitrogen gas is supplied to the heat treatment space 65 from the gas supply hole 81.
- the valve 89 is opened, the gas in the chamber 6 is exhausted from the gas exhaust hole 86.
- the nitrogen gas supplied from the upper part of the heat treatment space 65 in the chamber 6 flows downward and is exhausted from the lower part of the heat treatment space 65.
- the valve 192 when the valve 192 is opened, the gas in the chamber 6 is also exhausted from the transport opening 66. Further, the atmosphere around the drive unit of the transfer mechanism 10 is also exhausted by the exhaust mechanism (not shown). During the heat treatment of the semiconductor wafer W in the heat treatment apparatus 1, nitrogen gas is continuously supplied to the heat treatment space 65, and the supply amount thereof is appropriately changed according to the processing process.
- Step S11 the gate valve 185 is opened to open the transfer opening 66, and the semiconductor wafer W to be processed is carried into the heat treatment space 65 in the chamber 6 through the transfer opening 66 by the transfer robot outside the apparatus.
- the atmosphere outside the apparatus may be entrained with the loading of the semiconductor wafer W, but since nitrogen gas continues to be supplied to the chamber 6, nitrogen gas flows out from the transport opening 66, and such Entrainment of external atmosphere can be minimized.
- the semiconductor wafer W carried in by the transfer robot advances to a position directly above the holding portion 7 and stops. Then, the pair of transfer arms 11 of the transfer mechanism 10 move horizontally from the retracted position to the transfer operation position and rise, so that the lift pin 12 protrudes from the upper surface of the holding plate 75 of the susceptor 74 through the through hole 79. Receives the semiconductor wafer W. At this time, the lift pin 12 rises above the upper end of the substrate support pin 77.
- the transfer robot exits the heat treatment space 65, and the transfer opening 66 is closed by the gate valve 185. Then, when the pair of transfer arms 11 are lowered, the semiconductor wafer W is handed over from the transfer mechanism 10 to the susceptor 74 of the holding portion 7 and held in a horizontal posture from below.
- the semiconductor wafer W is supported by a plurality of substrate support pins 77 erected on the holding plate 75 and held by the susceptor 74. Further, the semiconductor wafer W is held by the holding portion 7 with the surface on which the pattern is formed and the impurities are injected as the upper surface.
- a predetermined distance is formed between the back surface (main surface opposite to the front surface) of the semiconductor wafer W supported by the plurality of substrate support pins 77 and the holding surface 75a of the holding plate 75.
- the pair of transfer arms 11 lowered to the lower side of the susceptor 74 are retracted to the retracted position, that is, inside the recess 62 by the horizontal movement mechanism 13.
- the 40 halogen lamps HL of the halogen heating portion 4 are turned on all at once for preheating (assist heating). ) Is started (step S12).
- the halogen light emitted from the halogen lamp HL passes through the lower chamber window 64 and the susceptor 74 made of quartz and irradiates the lower surface of the semiconductor wafer W.
- the semiconductor wafer W is preheated and the temperature rises. Since the transfer arm 11 of the transfer mechanism 10 is retracted inside the recess 62, it does not interfere with heating by the halogen lamp HL.
- the temperature of the semiconductor wafer W is measured by the lower radiation thermometer 20. That is, the lower radiation thermometer 20 receives infrared light radiated from the lower surface of the semiconductor wafer W held by the susceptor 74 through the opening 78 through the transparent window 21 and measures the wafer temperature during temperature rise.
- the measured temperature of the semiconductor wafer W is transmitted to the control unit 3.
- the control unit 3 controls the output of the halogen lamp HL while monitoring whether or not the temperature of the semiconductor wafer W, which is raised by irradiation with light from the halogen lamp HL, has reached a predetermined preheating temperature T1.
- the control unit 3 feedback-controls the output of the halogen lamp HL so that the temperature of the semiconductor wafer W becomes the preheating temperature T1 based on the measured value by the lower radiation thermometer 20.
- the lower radiation thermometer 20 is a radiation thermometer for controlling the temperature of the semiconductor wafer W during preheating.
- the preheating temperature T1 is set to about 200 ° C. to 800 ° C., preferably about 350 ° C. to 600 ° C., preferably about 350 ° C. to 600 ° C., so that impurities added to the semiconductor wafer W are not diffused by heat (600 ° C. in the present embodiment). ..
- the control unit 3 After the temperature of the semiconductor wafer W reaches the preheating temperature T1, the control unit 3 maintains the semiconductor wafer W at the preheating temperature T1 for a while. Specifically, when the temperature of the semiconductor wafer W measured by the lower radiation thermometer 20 reaches the preheating temperature T1, the control unit 3 adjusts the output of the halogen lamp HL to substantially adjust the temperature of the semiconductor wafer W. The preheating temperature is maintained at T1.
- the entire semiconductor wafer W is uniformly heated to the preheating temperature T1.
- the temperature of the peripheral portion of the semiconductor wafer W which is more likely to dissipate heat, tends to be lower than that of the central portion, but the arrangement density of the halogen lamp HL in the halogen heating unit 4 is high.
- the region facing the peripheral portion is higher than the region facing the central portion of the semiconductor wafer W. Therefore, the amount of light irradiated to the peripheral portion of the semiconductor wafer W where heat dissipation is likely to occur increases, and the in-plane temperature distribution of the semiconductor wafer W in the preheating stage can be made uniform.
- the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W is measured by the upper radiation thermometer 25.
- Infrared light having an intensity corresponding to the temperature is emitted from the surface of the semiconductor wafer W to be heated.
- the infrared light emitted from the surface of the semiconductor wafer W passes through the transparent window 26 and is received by the infrared sensor 29 of the upper radiation thermometer 25.
- a resistance change occurs according to the intensity of the received infrared light.
- the resistance change generated in the InSb optical element of the infrared sensor 29 is converted into a voltage signal by the signal conversion circuit 102.
- the voltage signal output from the signal conversion circuit 102 is amplified by the amplifier circuit 103 and then converted into a digital signal suitable for handling by a computer by the A / D converter 104.
- the temperature conversion unit 105 performs a predetermined arithmetic process on the signal output from the A / D converter 104 to convert it into temperature data.
- the upper radiation thermometer 25 receives the infrared light radiated from the surface of the semiconductor wafer W to be heated, and measures the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W from the intensity of the infrared light. The surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W measured by the upper radiation thermometer 25 is transmitted to the control unit 3.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing changes in the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W measured by the upper radiation thermometer 25.
- the flash lamp FL of the flash heating unit 5 starts irradiating the surface of the semiconductor wafer W held by the susceptor 74 with flash light.
- Step S13 a part of the flash light radiated from the flash lamp FL goes directly into the chamber 6, and a part of the other part is once reflected by the reflector 52 and then goes into the chamber 6, and these flash lights
- the semiconductor wafer W is flash-heated by irradiation.
- the power supply unit 95 stores the electric charge in the capacitor 93 in advance. Then, in a state where the electric charge is accumulated in the capacitor 93, a pulse signal is output from the pulse generator 31 of the control unit 3 to the IGBT 96 to drive the IGBT 96 on and off.
- the waveform of the pulse signal can be defined by inputting a recipe in which the pulse width time (on time) and the pulse interval time (off time) are sequentially set as parameters from the input unit 33.
- the waveform setting unit 32 of the control unit 3 sets a pulse waveform that repeats on / off accordingly.
- the pulse generator 31 outputs a pulse signal according to the pulse waveform set by the waveform setting unit 32.
- FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of the waveform of the pulse signal. In the example shown in FIG. 12, a plurality of pulses are repeatedly set, and the pulse width time (on time) is longer than the pulse interval time (off time).
- the on / off drive of the IGBT 96 is controlled. Specifically, when the pulse signal input to the gate of the IGBT 96 is on, the IGBT 96 is turned on, and when the pulse signal is off, the IGBT 96 is turned off.
- control unit 3 controls the trigger circuit 97 and applies a high voltage (trigger voltage) to the trigger electrode 91 in synchronization with the timing when the pulse signal output from the pulse generator 31 is turned on.
- a pulse signal is input to the gate of the IGBT 96 with an electric charge accumulated in the capacitor 93, and a high voltage is applied to the trigger electrode 91 in synchronization with the timing when the pulse signal is turned on, so that the pulse signal is signaled.
- a current flows between the electrodes at both ends in the glass tube 92, and light is emitted by the excitation of xenone atoms or molecules at that time.
- the 30 flash lamps FL of the flash heating unit 5 emit light, and the surface of the semiconductor wafer W held by the holding unit 7 is irradiated with the flash light.
- the flash lamp FL is made to emit light without using the IGBT 96
- the electric charge accumulated in the capacitor 93 is consumed in one light emission, and the output waveform from the flash lamp FL has a width of 0.1. It becomes a simple single pulse of about millisecond to 10 milliseconds.
- the IGBT 96 which is a switching element, is connected to the circuit to output a pulse signal to the gate, whereby the supply of electric charge from the capacitor 93 to the flash lamp FL is interrupted by the IGBT 96.
- the current flowing through the flash lamp FL is controlled on and off.
- the light emission of the flash lamp FL is controlled by the chopper, the electric charge accumulated in the capacitor 93 is divided and consumed, and the flash lamp FL repeats blinking in an extremely short time. Since the next pulse is applied to the gate of the IGBT 96 and the current value increases again before the current value flowing through the circuit becomes completely "0", the light emission output is output even while the flash lamp FL is repeatedly blinking. It is not completely "0".
- the light emission pattern (time waveform of the light emission output) of the flash lamp FL can be freely defined, and the light emission time and the light emission intensity can be freely adjusted. ..
- the ON / OFF drive pattern of the IGBT 96 is defined by the time of the pulse width input from the input unit 33 and the time of the pulse interval. That is, by incorporating the IGBT 96 in the drive circuit of the flash lamp FL, the light emission pattern of the flash lamp FL can be freely defined only by appropriately setting the pulse width time and the pulse interval time input from the input unit 33. You can do it.
- the ratio of the pulse width time to the pulse interval time input from the input unit 33 when the ratio of the pulse width time to the pulse interval time input from the input unit 33 is increased, the current flowing through the flash lamp FL increases and the emission intensity becomes stronger. On the contrary, if the ratio of the pulse width time to the pulse interval time input from the input unit 33 is reduced, the current flowing through the flash lamp FL is reduced and the emission intensity is weakened. Further, if the ratio of the pulse interval time and the pulse width time input from the input unit 33 is appropriately adjusted, the emission intensity of the flash lamp FL is kept constant. Further, by lengthening the total time of the combination of the pulse width time input from the input unit 33 and the pulse interval time, the current continues to flow through the flash lamp FL for a relatively long time, and the flash lamp FL emits light. The time will be longer. The light emission time of the flash lamp FL is appropriately set between 0.1 ms and 100 ms.
- the surface of the semiconductor wafer W is irradiated with flash light from the flash lamp FL, and the temperature of the surface rises.
- the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W during temperature rise due to flash light irradiation is also measured by the upper radiation thermometer 25.
- the flash lamp FL emits light for a short time of 0.1 msec to 100 msec
- the sampling interval of the upper radiation thermometer 25 equipped with the InSb optical element is extremely short time of about 20 microseconds (that is,). 50 points can be measured in 1 millisecond). Therefore, the change in the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W whose temperature rises rapidly due to the flash light irradiation can be measured by the upper radiation thermometer 25 (FIG. 11).
- the control unit 3 monitors whether or not the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W measured by the upper radiation thermometer 25 has reached the target temperature T2 (step S14).
- the target temperature T2 is a temperature required to achieve the purpose of heat treatment of the semiconductor wafer W, and is 1000 ° C. or higher capable of activating impurities injected into the semiconductor wafer W in the present embodiment.
- the target temperature T2 is preset and stored in the storage unit 36.
- step S14 the process proceeds from step S14 to step S15, and the current supply to the flash lamp FL is stopped under the control of the control unit 3. .. Specifically, the pulse signal applied to the gate of the IGBT 96 by the control unit 3 is turned off at the time t2 when the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W reaches the target temperature T2.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram showing changes in the current flowing through the flash lamp FL.
- a pulse signal having a waveform as shown in FIG. 12 is applied to the gate of the IGBT 96, the current flowing through the flash lamp FL increases, and the flash lamp FL starts emitting light.
- the pulse signal applied to the gate of the IGBT 96 since the pulse signal applied to the gate of the IGBT 96 repeatedly turns on and off, the current flowing through the flash lamp FL also repeats increasing and decreasing accordingly. That is, when the pulse signal applied to the gate of the IGBT 96 is on, the current flowing through the flash lamp FL increases, and when the pulse signal is off, the current flowing through the flash lamp FL decreases.
- FIG. 12 shows a pulse signal having a waveform as shown in FIG. 12
- the current flowing through the flash lamp FL increases as a whole while repeatedly increasing and decreasing. As the current flowing through the flash lamp FL increases, so does the light emission output of the flash lamp FL.
- the pulse signal applied to the gate of the IGBT 96 by the control unit 3 is turned off at the time t2 when the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W reaches the target temperature T2.
- the control unit 3 turns off the pulse signal applied to the gate of the IGBT 96. That is, even if the pulse signal set by the waveform setting unit 32 is turned on at time t2, the control unit 3 forcibly turns off the pulse signal at time t2. As a result, after time t2, the IGBT 96 is turned off and the supply of current to the flash lamp FL is stopped.
- the light emission of the flash lamp FL is also stopped, and the temperature of the surface of the semiconductor wafer W rapidly drops from the target temperature T2.
- the target temperature T2 By raising the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W to the target temperature T2 in an extremely short time and then lowering the temperature, it is possible to activate the impurities while suppressing the diffusion of the impurities injected into the semiconductor wafer W due to heat. it can.
- the halogen lamp HL turns off after a predetermined time has elapsed since the current supply to the flash lamp FL was stopped.
- the semiconductor wafer W rapidly drops from the preheating temperature T1.
- the temperature of the semiconductor wafer W during the temperature decrease is measured by the lower radiation thermometer 20, and the measurement result is transmitted to the control unit 3.
- the control unit 3 monitors whether or not the temperature of the semiconductor wafer W has dropped to a predetermined temperature based on the measurement result of the lower radiation thermometer 20. Then, after the temperature of the semiconductor wafer W is lowered to a predetermined value or less, the pair of transfer arms 11 of the transfer mechanism 10 horizontally move from the retracted position to the transfer operation position again and rise, so that the lift pin 12 is a susceptor.
- step S16 The semiconductor wafer W that protrudes from the upper surface of the 74 and has been heat-treated is received from the susceptor 74. Subsequently, the transfer opening 66 closed by the gate valve 185 is opened, the semiconductor wafer W placed on the lift pin 12 is carried out by a transfer robot outside the apparatus, and the semiconductor wafer W is heat-treated in the heat treatment apparatus 1. Is completed (step S16).
- the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W which is raised by the flash light irradiation from the flash lamp FL, is measured by the upper radiation thermometer 25. Then, when the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W measured by the upper radiation thermometer 25 reaches the target temperature T2, the supply of the current to the flash lamp FL is stopped to lower the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W. .. Since the supply of current to the flash lamp FL is stopped when the measured temperature of the surface of the semiconductor wafer W reaches the target temperature T2, the surface of the semiconductor wafer W is irrespective of the surface state and reflectance of the semiconductor wafer W. The temperature can be accurately raised to the target temperature T2. As a result, the peak temperature becomes constant even when processing a plurality of semiconductor wafers W, and it is possible to suppress variations in device performance.
- the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- the configuration of the heat treatment apparatus of the second embodiment is exactly the same as that of the first embodiment. Further, the processing procedure of the semiconductor wafer W in the second embodiment is almost the same as that in the first embodiment.
- the current supply to the flash lamp FL was stopped when the measured value of the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W reached the target temperature T2, but in the second embodiment, the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W was stopped. Predicts the estimated arrival time when the target temperature T2 is reached, and stops the current supply to the flash lamp FL at the estimated arrival time.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the heat treatment apparatus 1 in the second embodiment.
- Steps S21 to S23 in FIG. 14 are the same as steps S11 to S13 in FIG. That is, the semiconductor wafer W to be processed is carried into the chamber 6 and held in the susceptor 74 (step S21). Subsequently, the halogen lamp HL is turned on and the semiconductor wafer W is preheated (step S22). Further, after the preheating is started, the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W is measured by the upper radiation thermometer 25.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing changes in the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W of the second embodiment.
- the flash lamp FL starts irradiating the surface of the semiconductor wafer W with flash light at the time t1 when the temperature of the semiconductor wafer W reaches the preheating temperature T1 due to the preheating and a predetermined time elapses.
- a pulse signal having a waveform as shown in FIG. 12 is applied to the gate of the IGBT 96, the flash lamp FL emits light, and the surface of the semiconductor wafer W is irradiated with the flash light to raise the temperature of the surface. The temperature rises.
- the prediction unit 35 of the control unit 3 (FIG. 9). ) Predicts changes in the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W. More specifically, the prediction unit 35 predicts the estimated arrival time t4 at which the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W reaches the target temperature T2 from the temperature measurement results of the upper radiation thermometer 25 from time t1 to time t3 (step). S24).
- the storage unit 36 of the control unit 3 has a plurality of temperature rise patterns PT (for example, 1000) obtained by measuring the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W when flash light irradiation is performed in the past.
- a temperature rise pattern for one semiconductor wafer W) is stored. That is, in the storage unit 36, a temperature profile indicating a change in the surface temperature of the plurality of semiconductor wafers W at the time of flash light irradiation is acquired and stored as a temperature rise pattern PT.
- the prediction unit 35 compares the temperature measurement result by the upper radiation thermometer 25 from time t1 to time t3 with a plurality of temperature rise patterns PT which are past results, and the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W reaches the target temperature T2.
- the estimated arrival time t4 is predicted.
- the prediction unit 35 extracts a temperature rise pattern PT that approximates the temperature measurement result by the upper radiation thermometer 25 from time t1 to time t3 from a plurality of temperature rise pattern PTs by a pattern matching method, and the extracted rise From the temperature pattern PT, the estimated arrival time t4 at which the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W reaches the target temperature T2 is predicted.
- the control unit 3 monitors whether or not the time has reached the scheduled arrival time t4 by a timer (not shown) (step S25). Then, when the time reaches the scheduled arrival time t4, the process proceeds from step S25 to step S26, and the current supply to the flash lamp FL is stopped under the control of the control unit 3. Specifically, as in the first embodiment, the control unit 3 turns off the pulse signal applied to the gate of the IGBT 96 at the scheduled arrival time t4. At this time, regardless of the waveform of the pulse signal set by the waveform setting unit 32, the control unit 3 turns off the pulse signal applied to the gate of the IGBT 96. As a result, the IGBT 96 is turned off after the scheduled arrival time t4, and the supply of current to the flash lamp FL is stopped.
- the light emission of the flash lamp FL is also stopped, and the temperature of the surface of the semiconductor wafer W rapidly drops from the target temperature T2.
- the target temperature T2 By raising the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W to the target temperature T2 in an extremely short time and then lowering the temperature, it is possible to activate the impurities while suppressing the diffusion of the impurities injected into the semiconductor wafer W due to heat. it can.
- the halogen lamp HL turns off after a predetermined time has elapsed since the current supply to the flash lamp FL was stopped. As a result, the semiconductor wafer W rapidly drops from the preheating temperature T1. Then, as in the first embodiment, after the temperature of the semiconductor wafer W is lowered to a predetermined value or less, the semiconductor wafer W is carried out from the chamber 6 and the heat treatment of the semiconductor wafer W in the heat treatment apparatus 1 is completed (step S27). ).
- the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W which is raised by the flash light irradiation from the flash lamp FL, is measured by the upper radiation thermometer 25, and the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W is the target temperature T2 from the temperature measurement result.
- the estimated arrival time t4 to reach is predicted.
- the supply of the current to the flash lamp FL is stopped to lower the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W. Since the supply of current to the flash lamp FL is stopped at the scheduled arrival time t4 when the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W is predicted to reach the target temperature T2, the semiconductor regardless of the surface state and reflectance of the semiconductor wafer W.
- the surface temperature of the wafer W can be accurately raised to the target temperature T2. As a result, the peak temperature becomes constant even when processing a plurality of semiconductor wafers W, and it is possible to suppress variations in device performance.
- the current supply to the flash lamp FL is stopped at the scheduled arrival time t4, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the current is not limited to this, and is before or after the scheduled arrival time t4 with a predetermined width.
- the current supply to the flash lamp FL may be stopped. That is, the current supply to the flash lamp FL may be stopped within a predetermined period including the scheduled arrival time t4 to lower the surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W.
- the deviation width from the scheduled arrival time t4 of the time when the current supply is stopped may be set in advance and stored in the storage unit 36 or the like.
- a pulse signal having a waveform in which a plurality of pulses are repeatedly set as shown in FIG. 12 is output, but for example, a pulse signal having a waveform in which one long pulse is set is output from the IGBT 96. You may enter it in the gate. Even in this case, when the measured surface temperature of the semiconductor wafer W reaches the target temperature T2 or at the scheduled arrival time t4, the flash lamp is turned off by turning off the pulse signal applied by the control unit 3 to the gate of the IGBT 96. The same effect as that of the above embodiment can be obtained by stopping the current supply to the FL.
- the current supply to the flash lamp FL is stopped by turning off the IGBT 96, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the capacitor 93 is flushed by a switching element different from the IGBT 96.
- the supply of electric charge to the lamp FL may be cut off to stop the current supply.
- the flash heating unit 5 may be provided with a mechanical shutter, and the mechanical shutter may be closed at a predetermined timing to block the flash light radiated from the flash lamp FL.
- the flash heating unit 5 is provided with 30 flash lamp FLs, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the number of flash lamp FLs can be any number. .. Further, the flash lamp FL is not limited to the xenon flash lamp, and may be a krypton flash lamp. Further, the number of halogen lamps HL provided in the halogen heating unit 4 is not limited to 40, and can be any number.
- the semiconductor wafer W is preheated by using a filament type halogen lamp HL as a continuous lighting lamp that continuously emits light for 1 second or longer, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- a discharge type arc lamp for example, a xenon arc lamp
- a continuous lighting lamp to perform preheating.
- the substrate to be processed by the heat treatment apparatus 1 is not limited to the semiconductor wafer, and may be a glass substrate used for a flat panel display such as a liquid crystal display device or a substrate for a solar cell. Further, in the heat treatment apparatus 1, heat treatment of a high dielectric constant gate insulating film (High-k film), bonding of a metal and silicon, or crystallization of polysilicon may be performed.
- a high dielectric constant gate insulating film High-k film
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明に係る熱処理装置1の構成を示す縦断面図である。図1の熱処理装置1は、基板として円板形状の半導体ウェハーWに対してフラッシュ光照射を行うことによってその半導体ウェハーWを加熱するフラッシュランプアニール装置である。処理対象となる半導体ウェハーWのサイズは特に限定されるものではないが、例えばφ300mmやφ450mmである(本実施形態ではφ300mm)。熱処理装置1に搬入される前の半導体ウェハーWには不純物が注入されており、熱処理装置1による加熱処理によって注入された不純物の活性化処理が実行される。なお、図1および以降の各図においては、理解容易のため、必要に応じて各部の寸法や数を誇張または簡略化して描いている。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態について説明する。第2実施形態の熱処理装置の構成は第1実施形態と全く同じである。また、第2実施形態における半導体ウェハーWの処理手順についても概ね第1実施形態と同じである。第1実施形態においては、半導体ウェハーWの表面温度の実測値が目標温度T2に到達したときにフラッシュランプFLへの電流供給を停止していたが、第2実施形態では半導体ウェハーWの表面温度が目標温度T2に到達する到達予定時刻を予測し、その到達予定時刻にフラッシュランプFLへの電流供給を停止するようにしている。
以上、本発明の実施の形態について説明したが、この発明はその趣旨を逸脱しない限りにおいて上述したもの以外に種々の変更を行うことが可能である。例えば、第2実施形態においては、到達予定時刻t4にフラッシュランプFLへの電流供給を停止していたが、これに限定されるものではなく、所定の幅を持って到達予定時刻t4の前後にフラッシュランプFLへの電流供給を停止するようにしても良い。すなわち、到達予定時刻t4を含む所定期間内にフラッシュランプFLへの電流供給を停止して半導体ウェハーWの表面温度を降温させるようにしても良い。電流供給を停止する時刻の到達予定時刻t4からの乖離幅については予め設定して記憶部36等に記憶させておけば良い。
3 制御部
4 ハロゲン加熱部
5 フラッシュ加熱部
6 チャンバー
7 保持部
10 移載機構
20 下部放射温度計
25 上部放射温度計
29 赤外線センサ
33 入力部
34 表示部
35 予測部
36 記憶部
63 上側チャンバー窓
64 下側チャンバー窓
65 熱処理空間
74 サセプタ
96 IGBT
101 高速放射温度計ユニット
105 温度変換部
FL フラッシュランプ
HL ハロゲンランプ
W 半導体ウェハー
Claims (10)
- 基板にフラッシュ光を照射することによって該基板を加熱する熱処理方法であって、
フラッシュランプから基板の表面にフラッシュ光を照射して当該表面を昇温するフラッシュ光照射工程と、
昇温する前記基板の前記表面の温度を放射温度計によって測定する温度測定工程と、
前記放射温度計によって測定される前記表面の温度が目標温度に到達したときに、前記フラッシュランプへの電流の供給を停止して前記表面の温度を降温させる発光停止工程と、
を備える熱処理方法。 - 基板にフラッシュ光を照射することによって該基板を加熱する熱処理方法であって、
フラッシュランプから基板の表面にフラッシュ光を照射して当該表面を昇温するフラッシュ光照射工程と、
昇温する前記基板の前記表面の温度を放射温度計によって測定する温度測定工程と、
前記放射温度計による温度測定結果から前記表面の温度が目標温度に到達する到達予定時刻を予測する予測工程と、
前記予測工程にて予測された前記到達予定時刻を含む所定期間内に前記フラッシュランプへの電流の供給を停止して前記表面の温度を降温させる発光停止工程と、
を備える熱処理方法。 - 請求項2記載の熱処理方法において、
前記発光停止工程では、前記到達予定時刻に前記フラッシュランプへの電流の供給を停止する熱処理方法。 - 請求項2または請求項3記載の熱処理方法において、
前記予測工程では、フラッシュ光照射が行われたときに取得済みの複数の昇温パターンに基づいて前記到達予定時刻を予測する熱処理方法。 - 請求項1から請求項4のいずれかに記載の熱処理方法において、
前記発光停止工程では、前記フラッシュランプに接続されたIGBTをオフ状態として前記フラッシュランプへの電流の供給を停止する熱処理方法。 - 基板にフラッシュ光を照射することによって該基板を加熱する熱処理装置であって、
基板を収容するチャンバーと、
前記チャンバー内に収容された前記基板の表面にフラッシュ光を照射して当該表面を昇温するフラッシュランプと、
昇温する前記基板の前記表面の温度を測定する放射温度計と、
前記放射温度計によって測定される前記表面の温度が目標温度に到達したときに、前記フラッシュランプへの電流の供給を停止して前記表面の温度を降温させるスイッチング部と、
を備える熱処理装置。 - 基板にフラッシュ光を照射することによって該基板を加熱する熱処理装置であって、
基板を収容するチャンバーと、
前記チャンバー内に収容された前記基板の表面にフラッシュ光を照射して当該表面を昇温するフラッシュランプと、
昇温する前記基板の前記表面の温度を測定する放射温度計と、
前記放射温度計による温度測定結果から前記表面の温度が目標温度に到達する到達予定時刻を予測する予測部と、
前記予測部が予測した前記到達予定時刻を含む所定期間内に前記フラッシュランプへの電流の供給を停止して前記表面の温度を降温させるスイッチング部と、
を備える熱処理装置。 - 請求項7記載の熱処理装置において、
前記スイッチング部は、前記到達予定時刻に前記フラッシュランプへの電流の供給を停止する熱処理装置。 - 請求項7または請求項8記載の熱処理装置において、
フラッシュ光照射が行われたときに取得済みの複数の昇温パターンを格納する記憶部をさらに備え、
前記予測部は、前記複数の昇温パターンに基づいて前記到達予定時刻を予測する熱処理装置。 - 請求項6から請求項9のいずれかに記載の熱処理装置において、
前記スイッチング部は、前記フラッシュランプに接続されたIGBTを含む熱処理装置。
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| JP2013046047A (ja) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-03-04 | Toshiba Corp | 加熱装置および半導体装置の製造方法 |
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| US8559799B2 (en) * | 2008-11-04 | 2013-10-15 | Dainippon Screen Mfg. Co., Ltd. | Heat treatment apparatus and method for heating substrate by photo-irradiation |
| JP5507227B2 (ja) * | 2009-12-07 | 2014-05-28 | 大日本スクリーン製造株式会社 | 熱処理方法および熱処理装置 |
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| JP2013046047A (ja) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-03-04 | Toshiba Corp | 加熱装置および半導体装置の製造方法 |
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