Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M4/00—Electrodes
  • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
  • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
  • H01M4/0402—Methods of deposition of the material
  • H01M4/0404—Methods of deposition of the material by coating on electrode collectors
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M4/00—Electrodes
  • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
  • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
  • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
  • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M4/00—Electrodes
  • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
  • H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
  • H01M4/0471—Processes of manufacture in general involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M4/00—Electrodes
  • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
  • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M4/00—Electrodes
  • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
  • H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
  • H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M4/00—Electrodes
  • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
  • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
  • H01M4/621—Binders
  • H01M4/622—Binders being polymers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M4/00—Electrodes
  • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
  • H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a slurry, an electrode including a laminate of an electrode active material layer and a current collector formed by using the slurry, and a battery provided with the electrode.
• a slurry obtained by kneading an active material, a binder and a solvent is applied onto a current collector at around room temperature (for example, 25 ° C.), and then heated to a high temperature (for example, 80 ° C.). Then, the coating film is dried and solidified to form an electrode active material layer (solidified material), whereby the active material is bound to the current collector.
• SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
• CMC carboxymethyl cellulose
• the viscosity of the coating film decreases when the temperature is raised to a subsequent high temperature drying condition (for example, 80 ° C.), and the coating film dries and solidifies.
• a subsequent high temperature drying condition for example, 80 ° C.
• the coating film dries and solidifies.
• the shape is deformed by the weight of the coating film itself and the viscosities of the central portion and the end portion are different, so that the density of the active material in the electrode active material layer varies. Therefore, in order to prevent the shape of the coating film from being deformed, pre-drying is first performed at a relatively low temperature (for example, 40 ° C. to 60 ° C.), and the drying temperature is gradually raised, but it takes a long time to dry. Therefore, there is a problem that the production efficiency is lowered.
• an object of the present invention is to suppress a decrease in viscosity when the temperature is raised to a high temperature drying condition (for example, 80 ° C.) while having a viscosity having good coatability near room temperature (for example, 25 ° C.). It is an object of the present invention to provide a slurry in which the shape of the coating film does not easily collapse. Another object of the present invention is to provide an electrode made of a laminate of an electrode active material layer made of a solidified product of the slurry and a current collector. Another object of the present invention is to provide a battery including the electrode.
• the present inventor has added a fibrous substance together with a binder to the slurry so as to have a viscosity with good coatability at around room temperature (for example, 25 ° C.). It has been found that the decrease in viscosity when the temperature is raised to a high temperature drying condition (for example, 80 ° C.) is suppressed and the shape of the coating film is not easily deformed, that is, the temperature dependence of the viscosity is low. Furthermore, a high-capacity battery can be efficiently manufactured by blending an active material with this slurry, applying it to a current collector, and forming an electrode having an electrode active material layer (solidified material) that has been dried. I found. The present invention has been completed based on this finding.
• the first aspect of the present invention is a slurry containing at least a binder and a fibrous substance, which has a minimum viscosity up to 80 ° C. (minimum viscosity at 80 ° C.) and a viscosity at 25 ° C. (viscosity at 25 ° C.).
• a slurry characterized in that the ratio (minimum viscosity at 80 ° C. temperature rise / viscosity at 25 ° C.) is 0.12 or more.
• the total solid content concentration of the binder and the fibrous substance may be 0.02 to 20% by weight.
• the fibrous substance may be a cellulose fiber.
• the average thickness of the fibrous substance may be 1 to 1000 nm, and the average aspect ratio may be 10 to 1000.
• the present invention also provides a solidified slurry of the first aspect.
• the second aspect of the present invention further provides the slurry of the first aspect containing the active material.
• the total solid content concentration of the binder, the fibrous substance, and the active material may be 20 to 70% by weight.
• the present invention also provides a solidified slurry of the second aspect.
• the present invention provides an electrode made of a laminate of an electrode active material layer made of a solidified product of the slurry of the second aspect and a current collector.
• the present invention provides a battery provided with the electrode.
• the slurry of the present invention has the above-mentioned structure, it has a viscosity with good coatability near room temperature (for example, 25 ° C.), and a uniform and thick coating film is applied to an adherend (for example, a current collector).
• the formed coating film can be efficiently formed, but the decrease in viscosity is suppressed even when the temperature of the formed coating film is raised to a high temperature condition (for example, 80 ° C.), and the shape is not easily deformed. Even if the temperature is immediately raised to 80 ° C. and dried, the shape of the coating film does not deteriorate, and a uniform and thick coating film (solidified product) can be efficiently formed.
• a high-capacity battery can be efficiently manufactured by further blending an active material into the slurry of the present invention, applying it to a current collector, and forming an electrode having an electrode active material layer that has been dried.
• the battery obtained by using the slurry of the present invention can efficiently increase the battery capacity, it is suitably used for information-related devices such as smartphones and laptop computers, hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, and the like. it can.
• the slurry of the present invention is a slurry containing at least a binder and a fibrous substance, and is a ratio (80 ° C.) of the minimum viscosity up to 80 ° C. (minimum viscosity at 80 ° C. temperature rise) and the viscosity at 25 ° C. (viscosity at 25 ° C.).
• the minimum temperature rise viscosity / viscosity at 25 ° C.) is 0.12 or more.
• the slurry of the present invention may contain other components in addition to the binder and the fibrous substance. For example, when the slurry of the present invention is used to form an electrode active material layer of a battery electrode, it is preferable to further contain an active material.
• the fibrous substances are dispersed in the binder and entangled with each other to form a three-dimensional network structure. Since such a three-dimensional network structure is maintained even when the temperature is raised to a high temperature (for example, 80 ° C.), a decrease in viscosity is suppressed, that is, the temperature dependence of the slurry viscosity is reduced. As a result, the viscosity is adjusted to have good coatability near room temperature (for example, 25 ° C.) to form a thick coating film, and then immediately heated and dried to high temperature drying conditions (for example, 80 ° C.). However, since the decrease in the viscosity of the coating film is suppressed and the shape is not easily deformed, a uniform and thick coating film (solidified material) can be efficiently formed.
• a high temperature for example 80 ° C.
• the binder in the present invention is a compound that exhibits adhesiveness and has an action of fixing the coating film to the surface of the adherend when the slurry is applied to the adherend and dried.
• the binder is preferably an aqueous binder from the viewpoint of environmental load.
• An aqueous binder having a dispersion of 1 ⁇ m or less is preferable.
• the binder is preferably excellent in heat resistance, and a binder having a melting point (decomposition temperature if there is no melting point) is, for example, 160 ° C. or higher (preferably 180 ° C. or higher, particularly preferably 200 ° C. or higher) is preferable.
• the upper limit of the melting point of the binder is, for example, 400 ° C.
• the binder may have a viscosity adjusting function.
• the binder in the present invention preferably has a viscosity (at 25 ° C., 60 rpm) of a 1 wt% aqueous solution of, for example, 10 to 5000 mPa ⁇ s, particularly preferably 50 to 3000 mPa ⁇ s, and most preferably 100 to 2000 mPa ⁇ s. s.
• a viscosity of the 1% by weight aqueous solution of the binder is in the above range, it becomes possible to give the slurry a viscosity suitable for coating with a small amount of addition.
• binder examples include a polysaccharide derivative (1), a compound having a structural unit represented by the following formula (2), a compound having a structural unit represented by the following formula (3), and the like. These can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
• R represents a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a phenyl group, an N-substituted or unsubstituted carbamoyl group, or a 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidinyl group).
• n represents an integer of 2 or more
• L represents an ether bond or a (-NH-) group).
• N- substituted carbamoyl group -CONHCH (CH 3) 2, -CON (CH 3) such as 2 groups
• N-C 1-4 alkyl-substituted carbamoyl group examples include N-C 1-4 alkyl-substituted carbamoyl group.
• the carboxyl group may form a salt with an alkali.
• the n is an integer of 2 or more, for example, an integer of 2 to 5, preferably an integer of 2 to 3. Therefore, the [C n H 2n ] group in the formula (3) is an alkylene group having 2 or more carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a dimethylene group, a methylmethylene group, a dimethylmethylene group, and a trimethylene group.
• the compound having the structural unit represented by the above formula (2) and the compound having the structural unit represented by the above formula (3) are each represented by the structural unit represented by the formula (2) or the formula (3). It may have a structural unit other than the represented structural unit.
• Examples of the compound having a structural unit represented by the above formula (2) include styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), methyl methacrylate butadiene rubber (MBR), and butadiene rubber (BR). Diene-type rubbers such as: Polyacrylic acid, sodium polyacrylic acid, acrylic acid / maleic acid copolymer / sodium salt, acrylic acid / sulfonic acid copolymer / sodium salt and other acrylic polymers; polyacrylamide, poly-N Acrylamide-based polymers such as -isopropylacrylamide, poly-N, N-dimethylacrylamide; polyvinylpyrrolidone and the like can be mentioned.
• SBR styrene-butadiene rubber
• NBR acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber
• MRR methyl methacrylate butadiene rubber
• BR butadiene rubber
• Diene-type rubbers such as: Poly
• Examples of the compound having a structural unit represented by the above formula (3) include polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol; polyethyleneimine and the like.
• the polysaccharide derivative (1) is a compound formed by polymerizing two or more monosaccharides by glycosidic bonds.
• a compound in which glucose (for example, ⁇ -glucose or ⁇ -glucose) is polymerized by a glycosidic bond or a derivative thereof is preferable, and in particular, cellulose, starch, glycogen, or a derivative thereof is used. At least one selected is preferred.
• the polysaccharide derivative (1) in particular, using cellulose or a derivative thereof is excellent in heat resistance and adhesive strength, and by adding a small amount, the slurry can have a viscosity suitable for coating. It is preferable in that it becomes.
• Examples of the cellulose or its derivative include compounds having a structural unit represented by the following formula (1-1). (In the formula, R 1 to R 3 represent the same or different alkyl groups having a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group and having 1 to 5 carbon atoms. The hydroxyl group and the carboxyl group are alkali and a salt. May be formed)
• alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms examples include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutyl group, an s-butyl group, a t-butyl group, a pentyl group and the like.
• the hydroxyl group and the carboxyl group may form a salt with an alkali, and may form a salt with, for example, a sodium, ammonium, or nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound (imidazole or the like).
• cellulose derivative examples include hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, and alkali salts thereof (for example, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and ammonium carboxymethyl cellulose).
• the binder in the present invention has an excellent viscosity-imparting effect, a small amount of addition makes it possible to give the slurry a viscosity suitable for coating, and an excellent heat resistance and adhesive strength.
• Polysaccharide derivative (1) is preferable, and cellulose or a derivative thereof is particularly preferable.
• the fibrous substance in the present invention retains a fibrous shape even in a slurry and is entangled with each other to form a three-dimensional network structure. Since such a three-dimensional network structure is maintained even when the temperature is raised to a high temperature (for example, 80 ° C.), a decrease in viscosity is suppressed, that is, the temperature dependence of the slurry viscosity is reduced. As a result, the viscosity is adjusted to have good coatability near room temperature (for example, 25 ° C.) to form a thick coating film, and then immediately heated and dried to high temperature drying conditions (for example, 80 ° C.). However, since the decrease in the viscosity of the coating film is suppressed and the shape is not easily deformed, a uniform and thick coating film (solidified material) can be efficiently formed.
• a high temperature for example 80 ° C.
• the slurry of the present invention can contain one kind of fibrous substance alone or in combination of two or more kinds.
• fibrous substance examples include cellulose fibers, aramid fibers, polyphenylene sulfide fibers, polyimide fibers, fluorine fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, poly-p-phenylene benzoxazole fibers, polyether ether ketone fibers, liquid crystal polymer fibers and the like. Can be mentioned.
• the fibrous material may be a fibrous material having conductivity
• examples of the material constituting the fibrous material having conductivity include metals, semiconductors, carbon materials, conductive polymers and the like. Be done.
• metal examples include known or commonly used metals such as gold, silver, copper, iron, nickel, cobalt, tin, and alloys thereof.
• Examples of the semiconductor include known or commonly used semiconductors such as cadmium sulfide and cadmium selenide.
• Examples of the carbon material include known or commonly used carbon materials such as carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes.
• Examples of the conductive polymer include polyacetylene, polyacetylene, polyp-phenylene, polyp-phenylene vinylene, polypyrrole, polyaniline, polythiophene, and derivatives thereof (for example, an alkyl group, a hydroxyl group, and a carboxyl group in a common polymer skeleton).
• Those having a substituent such as a group or an ethylenedioxy group; specifically, polyethylenedioxythiophene or the like) and the like can be mentioned.
• the average thickness (average diameter D) of the fibrous substance is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 1 to 1000 nm. Among them, the fibrous substances are entangled with each other in the binder to form a stable three-dimensional network structure. However, 3 to 500 nm is preferable, and 3 to 200 nm is particularly preferable, because the temperature dependence of the viscosity of the slurry can be controlled to be low.
• the average thickness of the fibrous material is determined by using an electron microscope (SEM, TEM) or an atomic force microscope (AFM) for a sufficient number (for example, 10 or more) of the fibrous material. It is obtained by measuring the thickness (diameter) of and averaging the arithmetic.
• the average length (average length L) of the fibrous material is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 0.01 to 1000 ⁇ m.
• the fibrous material is entangled with each other in the binder to form a stable three-dimensional network structure. It is preferably 0.3 to 200 ⁇ m, particularly preferably 0.5 to 100 ⁇ m, and most preferably 1 to 20 ⁇ m in that the temperature dependence of the viscosity of the slurry can be controlled to be low.
• the average length of the fibrous material is calculated by measuring the length of a sufficient number (for example, 10 or more) of the fibrous material using an electron microscope (SEM, TEM). Obtained by averaging.
• the average aspect ratio (average length / average thickness) of the fibrous material is not particularly limited, but is, for example, 10 to 1000.
• the fibrous material is entangled with each other in the binder and is stable in three dimensions. From the viewpoint of forming a network structure and controlling the temperature dependence of the viscosity of the slurry to be low, 15 to 500 is preferable, and 20 to 100 is particularly preferable.
• the fibrous substances those that are not easily deteriorated by the oxidation-reduction reaction of the battery are preferable in that they are excellent in stability over time, and in particular, at least one selected from cellulose fibers, aramid fibers, carbon fibers, and carbon nanotubes.
• Species are preferable, and cellulose fibers and / or aramid fibers are particularly preferable, and cellulose fibers are particularly preferable, in that fibrous substances can be entangled with each other in a binder to form a stable three-dimensional network structure.
• the cellulose fiber can be produced by a known method such as pulverization, grinding, crushing, and blasting of raw material pulp. Further, as the raw material pulp, cotton linter or wood pulp (broad-leaved pulp, softwood pulp) can be used.
• cellulose fiber for example, a commercially available product such as fine fibrous cellulose "Cerish” (manufactured by Daicel Fine Chem Ltd.) may be used.
• the aramid fiber is a fiber composed of a polymer having a structure in which two or more aromatic rings are bonded via an amide bond (that is, a total aromatic polyamide), and the total aromatic polyamide includes a meta type and a para type. Is done.
• Examples of the total aromatic polyamide include polymers having a structural unit represented by the following formula (a).
• Ar 1 and Ar 2 indicate the same or different aromatic rings, or groups in which two or more aromatic rings are bonded via a single bond or a linking group.
• the aromatic ring include an aromatic hydrocarbon ring having 6 to 10 carbon atoms such as a benzene ring and a naphthalene ring.
• the linking group includes, for example, a divalent hydrocarbon group (for example, a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon having 3 to 18 carbon atoms. Groups, etc.), carbonyl groups (-CO-), ether bonds (-O-), ester bonds (-COO-), -NH-, -SO 2-, and the like.
• the aromatic ring has various substituents [for example, halogen atom, alkyl group (for example, C 1-4 alkyl group), oxo group, hydroxyl group, substituted oxy group (for example, C 1-4 alkoxy group, C 1). -4 Acyloxy group, etc.), carboxyl group, substituted oxycarbonyl group (eg, C 1-4 alkoxycarbonyl group), cyano group, nitro group, substituted or unsubstituted amino group (eg, mono or di C 1-4 alkylamino) Group), sulfo group, etc.] may be provided.
• the aromatic ring may be condensed with a heterocyclic ring having an aromatic or non-aromatic attribute.
• the aramid fiber can be produced, for example, by reacting a halide of at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid with at least one aromatic diamine (for example, solution polymerization, interfacial polymerization, etc.).
• aromatic dicarboxylic acid examples include isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid, and 3,3'-biphenyldicarboxylic acid.
• aromatic dicarboxylic acid examples include 4,4'-diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid.
• aromatic diamine acid examples include p-phenylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine, 4,4'-diaminobiphenyl, 2,4-diaminodiphenylamine, 4,4'-diaminobenzophenone, and 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether. , 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylamine, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone, 2,4-diaminotoluene, 2,6-naphthalenediamine, 1,5-naphthalenediamine and the like. ..
• the aramid fiber can be produced by spinning the all-aromatic polyamide into a fibrous form (for example, through steps such as spinning, washing, and drying) by a well-known and commonly used method. Further, after being spun into a fibrous form, crushing treatment or the like can be performed as needed. For example, it can be microfibrillated by applying a strong mechanical shearing force with an ultra-high pressure homogenizer or the like.
• aramid fiber for example, a commercially available product such as the fibrous material aramid "Tiara” (manufactured by Daicel Fine Chem Ltd.) may be used.
• the minimum viscosity of the slurry of the present invention up to 80 ° C. (minimum viscosity at 80 ° C.) and the viscosity at 25 ° C. (viscosity at 25 ° C.) are 25 ° C to 80 ° C, respectively, under the condition of a frequency of 1 Hz using an MCR rheometer. It is the complex viscosity measured in.
• the "minimum viscosity up to 80 ° C.” is, for example, the viscosity showing the lowest value in the viscosity transition when the slurry of the present invention is heated from 25 ° C. to 80 ° C. at 15 ° C./min.
• the temperature dependence of the viscosity is controlled to be low, and the ratio of the minimum viscosity at 80 ° C. to the viscosity at 25 ° C. (minimum viscosity at 80 ° C./25 ° C./25 ° C. Viscosity at time) is 0.12 or more.
• the viscosity is adjusted to a good coatability near room temperature (for example, 25 ° C.) and is thick.
• the slurry (minimum viscosity at 80 ° C. rise / viscosity at 25 ° C.) is preferably 0.15.
• 0.2 or more more preferably 0.25 or more, more preferably 0.3 or more, more preferably 0.4 or more, more preferably 0.5 or more, more preferably 0.6 or more, It is more preferably 0.7 or more, still more preferably 0.8 or more, and particularly preferably 0.9 or more.
• the viscosity of the slurry of the present invention when heated to 80 ° C. usually changes to a value lower than the viscosity at 25 ° C., but as the temperature rises, the slurry partially gels, and conversely the viscosity becomes higher than the viscosity at 25 ° C. It may rise.
• (maximum viscosity at 25 ° C.) (maximum at 80 ° C.).
• (Viscosity / viscosity at 25 ° C.) is preferably 3.0 or less, more preferably 2.5 or less, more preferably 2.0 or less, more preferably 1.5 or less, and particularly preferably 1.0 or less. is there.
• the "maximum viscosity up to 80 ° C.” is, for example, the viscosity showing the highest value in the viscosity transition when the slurry of the present invention is heated from 25 ° C. to 80 ° C. at 15 ° C./min.
• the slurry of the present invention has a viscosity at 25 ° C. of, for example, 0.6 to 100 Pa ⁇ s (preferably 0.8 to 50 Pa ⁇ s, particularly preferably 1.0 to 30 Pa ⁇ s), which is excellent in coatability. Is preferable.
• the viscosity of the slurry at 25 ° C. can be adjusted to the above range by adding a solvent, for example.
• the solvent include water; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol and 2-propanol; cyclic ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and 1,4-dioxane; N, N-dimethylformiamide and N, N-dimethyl.
• Chain amides such as acetoamide; cyclic amides such as N-methylpyrrolidone and N-ethylpyrrolidone; sulfoxides such as methylsulfoxide and the like. Above all, it is preferable to use water because it has a small environmental load and is excellent in safety.
• the minimum viscosity of the slurry of the present invention raised at 80 ° C. is preferably, for example, 0.25 to 90 Pa ⁇ s, more preferably 0., from the viewpoint that the shape of the coating film is easily maintained when the temperature is raised to high temperature drying conditions. It is 5 to 45 Pa ⁇ s, particularly preferably 1 to 30 Pa ⁇ s.
• ⁇ Active material> When the slurry of the present invention is used to form an electrode active material layer of a battery electrode, it is preferable to further contain an active material.
• the active material include carbon material (carbon), metal alone, silicon alone (silicon), silicon compound, mineral matter (zeolite, silica soil, calcined siliceous soil, talc, kaolin, sericite, bentonite, smectite, clay.
• metal carbonates magnesium carbonate, heavy calcium carbonate, light calcium carbonate, etc.
• metal oxides alumina, zinc oxide, manganese dioxide, titanium dioxide, lead dioxide, silver oxide, nickel oxide, lithium-containing composite oxides) (LiCoO 2, lithium titanate, etc.)
• metal hydroxides aluminum hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, nickel hydroxide, cadmium hydroxide, etc.
• metal sulfates calcium sulfate, barium sulfate, etc.
• a lithium-containing composite oxide (particularly lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganate and its alloy) is preferable as the positive electrode active material, and silicon alone, a silicon compound, and a carbon material (particularly, the negative electrode active material)
• silicon alone, a silicon compound, and a carbon material particularly, the negative electrode active material
• graphite and at least one selected from metal oxides and lithium-containing composite oxides (particularly lithium titanate and niobium titanium-based oxides) are preferable.
• Examples of the simple substance of silicon include silicon such as amorphous silicon (amorphous silicon) and low crystallinity silicon.
• silicon compound examples include silicon oxide (SiO, etc.), metal silicate (calcium silicate, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, magnesium aluminosilicate, etc.), an alloy of silicon and a transition metal (tin, titanium, etc.), and a silicon composite.
• silicon oxide SiO, etc.
• metal silicate calcium silicate, aluminum silicate, magnesium silicate, magnesium aluminosilicate, etc.
• an alloy of silicon and a transition metal titanium, etc.
• silicon composite examples include compounds (composite compounds of silicon and SiO), silicon carbide and the like.
• Examples of the carbon material include natural graphite, artificial graphite, amorphous carbon, hard carbon, graphite, mesocarbon microbeads, pitch-based carbon fiber and the like.
• Examples of the metal oxide used for the negative electrode include alloys and oxides of Ti, Sn, and Co.
• the slurry of the present invention may contain one or more other components in addition to the above components.
• other components include a conductivity-imparting material and the like.
• the conductivity-imparting material include metal powder, conductive polymer, acetylene black and the like.
• the slurry of the present invention is obtained by uniformly mixing the above components using a commonly known mixing device such as a self-revolving stirring and defoaming device, a homodisper, a homogenizer, a planetary mixer, a 3-roll mill, and a bead mill.
• a commonly known mixing device such as a self-revolving stirring and defoaming device, a homodisper, a homogenizer, a planetary mixer, a 3-roll mill, and a bead mill.
• each component may be mixed at the same time or sequentially.
• the binder content in the total amount of non-volatile components contained in the slurry of the present invention is, for example, 0.01 to 2.0 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 1.5 parts by weight, and particularly preferably 0.3 to 1.0 parts by weight. It is a part by weight.
• the content of the fibrous substance in the total amount of the non-volatile content contained in the slurry of the present invention is, for example, 0.01 to 5.0% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 3.0% by weight, particularly preferably 0.3 to 1. It is 5.5% by weight.
• the total content of the fibrous substance and the binder in the total amount of the non-volatile content contained in the slurry of the present invention is, for example, 0.01 to 10.0% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 5.0% by weight, particularly preferably 0. It is 5 to 2.0% by weight.
• the content of the fibrous substance is preferably about 0.5 to 5.0 times, particularly preferably 1.0 to 3 times, and most preferably 1 times the content of the binder. It is 0.0 to 2.0 times.
• the total solid content concentration of the binder and the fibrous substance is, for example, 0.02 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight, and more preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight. ..
• the slurry of the present invention has such a structure, it is easy to adjust the viscosity at 25 ° C., which improves the coatability, and it is easy to control the temperature dependence of the slurry viscosity to be low, which is preferable.
• the proportion of the active material in the total amount of non-volatile content (100% by weight) contained in the slurry is, for example, 90% by weight or more, preferably 95% by weight or more, particularly preferably 99% by weight. That is all.
• the battery capacity of the electrode obtained by using the slurry of the present invention can be increased.
• the content of the binder in the slurry of the present invention is 0.01 to 10.0 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 10.0 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the active material contained in the slurry. It is 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.3 to 2.0 parts by weight.
• the slurry of the present invention can improve the adhesion to the current collector while suppressing the decrease in battery capacity.
• the binder content exceeds the above range, the adhesion to the current collector is improved, but the battery capacity tends to decrease.
• the binder content is less than the above range, the adhesion to the current collector becomes insufficient, and the electrode active material layer is peeled off from the current collector, which tends to cause a decrease in battery capacity.
• the total solid content concentration of the binder, the fibrous material and the active material is, for example, 20 to 70% by weight, preferably 35 to 60% by weight.
• the slurry of the present invention has such a structure, it is easy to adjust the viscosity at 25 ° C., which improves the coatability, and it is easy to control the temperature dependence of the slurry viscosity to be low, which is preferable.
• the binder content in the supernatant obtained by centrifuging the slurry is 45% by weight or more of the total amount of the binder contained in the slurry. It is preferably 60% by weight or more, particularly preferably 80% by weight or more, and most preferably 95% by weight or more. Since the slurry of the present invention has such a structure, excellent adhesion can be exhibited even if the binder content is not increased or the binder content is decreased as compared with the conventional one. Therefore, the content ratio of the active material It is possible to improve the adhesiveness without lowering the amount of the adhesive, or while increasing the content ratio of the active material as compared with the conventional case, and it is possible to form an electrode having both excellent adhesiveness and high battery capacity.
• fibrous substances are dispersed in the binder and entangled with each other to form a three-dimensional network structure. Since such a three-dimensional network structure is maintained even when the temperature is raised to a high temperature (for example, 80 ° C.), a decrease in viscosity is suppressed, that is, the temperature dependence of the slurry viscosity is reduced. As a result, the viscosity is adjusted to have good coatability near room temperature (for example, 25 ° C.) to form a thick coating film, and then immediately heated and dried to high temperature drying conditions (for example, 80 ° C.).
• a high temperature for example 80 ° C.
• the adherend to which the slurry of the present invention is applied is not particularly limited, and for example, a metal base material, a plastic base material, a ceramic base material, a semiconductor base material, a glass base material, a paper base material, and a wood base material (wooden base material). ) And other known or commonly used substrates whose surface is a coated surface can be used.
• a metal base material a plastic base material, a ceramic base material, a semiconductor base material, a glass base material, a paper base material, and a wood base material (wooden base material).
• the coating thickness of the slurry of the present invention is preferably 5 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 50 ⁇ m or more, still more preferably 100 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably 200 ⁇ m or more after drying. Since the slurry of the present invention has a low temperature dependence of viscosity, the viscosity does not easily decrease even at high temperatures, and even if the film thickness is 100 ⁇ m or more, it is efficiently dried and solidified to be a thick coating film having a uniform film thickness. (Solid) can be formed. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of maintaining the shape of the coating film at a high temperature, the thickness after drying is preferably 500 ⁇ m or less, for example.
• Examples of the slurry application method include screen printing method, mask printing method, offset printing method, inkjet printing method, flexo printing method, gravure printing method, stamping, dispense, squeegee printing method, silk screen printing method, spraying, and brush coating. And so on. Further, a film applicator, a bar coater, a die coater, a comma coater, a gravure coater, a blade coater, or the like can be used for applying the slurry.
• the method for drying the applied slurry is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a method for drying by heating, depressurizing, blowing air, or the like.
• the drying temperature is preferably 70 ° C. to 150 ° C., more preferably 80 to 120 ° C. from the viewpoint of efficient drying and solidification.
• the drying time is, for example, 1 minute to 5 hours, preferably 10 minutes to 1 hour under the drying temperature conditions.
• the degree of decompression, decompression time, amount of air blown, air velocity, air temperature, type and dryness of gas to be blown, region to be blown, direction of air blown, and the like can be arbitrarily selected.
• the slurry of the present invention contains an active material, it can be suitably used for forming an electrode active material layer of a battery. Then, by using the slurry of the present invention, an electrode having a high battery capacity can be efficiently formed.
• the slurry of the present invention can be suitably used not only for battery electrodes but also for various applications such as coating, drying and solidifying on an adherend, for example, additives for paints, foods and chemicals.
• the electrode of the present invention is composed of a laminate of an electrode active material layer made of a solidified product of the above slurry containing an active material and a current collector.
• the electrodes of the present invention may include components other than the solidified slurry and the current collector.
• the electrode of the present invention can be produced, for example, by applying the slurry to at least one surface of a current collector and drying to solidify the slurry.
• the current collector includes a positive electrode current collector and a negative electrode current collector, and the positive electrode current collector is formed of, for example, aluminum foil or the like. Further, the negative electrode current collector is formed of, for example, a copper foil or the like.
• the amount of slurry applied to the current collector, the thickness after drying, the application method, the drying / solidifying conditions, etc. are the same as the above conditions for the adherend.
• the film thickness of the end face (end face film thickness) and the film thickness of the central portion (center film thickness) ) can be formed to form an electrode active material layer with a small difference. That is, the ratio of the end face film thickness to the center film thickness (end face film thickness / center film thickness) of the electrode active material layer is preferably 0.9 or more, more preferably 0.95 or more, and further preferably 0. It is .98 or more.
• the density of the active material in the electrode active material layer can be made uniform, and a high-capacity, high-quality electrode can be obtained. be able to.
• the ratio of the end face film thickness to the center film thickness (end face film thickness / center film thickness) of the above-mentioned electrode active material layer can be measured by the following method.
• the slurry of the present invention is uniformly applied to one side of a square copper foil having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m and a side of 150 mm so that the thickness after drying is 50 ⁇ m or more.
• the temperature is raised to 80 ° C. and dried and solidified for 1 hour to form an electrode active material layer.
• the film thickness of the end face and the center film thickness are defined as the film thickness of the thinnest part of the end face of the formed electrode active material layer and the film thickness of the thickest part of the center part as the center film thickness. Calculate the ratio (end face film thickness / center film thickness).
• the end face film thickness and the center film thickness of the electrode active material layer can be measured by, for example, a micrometer (Mitutoyo Co., Ltd.).
• the electrode of the present invention has particularly excellent adhesion between the electrode active material layer made of the solidified product of the above slurry and the current collector, and the peel strength is, for example, 2.0 N / m or more, preferably 3.0 N / m or more, particularly. It is preferably 3.5 N / m or more.
• the upper limit of the peel strength is, for example, 70.0 N / m. Therefore, even if the electrode expands and contracts due to repeated charging and discharging, it is possible to prevent the electrode active material layer from peeling off from the current collector, and it is possible to stably maintain a high battery capacity for a long period of time. it can.
• the electrode of the present invention includes an electrode active material layer made of a solidified product of the above slurry, and has a thick thickness (for example, the thickness of the electrode active material layer is 50 ⁇ m or more, preferably 80 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 100 ⁇ m or more. )
• the electrode active material layer can be formed efficiently. Therefore, by using the electrodes of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently manufacture a battery having a high capacity.
• the battery of the present invention is characterized by including the above electrodes.
• the battery of the present invention is an electrode (positive electrode and negative electrode) even if it is a wound battery in which an electrode (positive electrode and negative electrode) and a separator are laminated and wound, and sealed in a container such as a can together with an electrolytic solution. ) And a separator are laminated together with an electrolytic solution, which may be a laminated battery in which a relatively flexible exterior body is enclosed.
• the battery of the present invention includes a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, a nickel / hydrogen rechargeable battery, a nickel / cadmium storage battery; a primary battery such as a manganese dry battery, an alkali manganese battery, and a lithium primary battery; ..
• a thick electrode active material layer (for example, an electrode active material layer having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m or more) can be efficiently formed on the current collector, so that the battery capacity is efficiently increased. be able to. Therefore, the battery of the present invention can be suitably used for information-related devices such as smartphones and laptop computers, hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, and the like.
• Preparation Example 1 (Preparation of Cellulose Nanofiber (CNF) Slurry Solution) Commercially available hardwood pulp was suspended in water to obtain 100 L of 1 wt% slurry liquid (1). Next, the obtained slurry liquid was beaten 10 times with a clearance of 0.15 mm and a disc rotation speed of 1750 rpm using a disc refiner (manufactured by Hasegawa Iron Works Co., Ltd., trade name "SUPERFIBRATER400-TFS”) to perform a refiner treatment. gave.
• a disc refiner manufactured by Hasegawa Iron Works Co., Ltd., trade name "SUPERFIBRATER400-TFS
• the 1% by weight slurry liquid after the refiner treatment was further homogenized 50 times at a treatment pressure of 50 MPa using a homogenizer (manufactured by Gorin Co., Ltd., trade name "15M8AT") equipped with a crushed homovalve sheet.
• the 1% by weight slurry liquid after the refiner treatment and the homogenization treatment was repeatedly filtered with gauze to obtain a slurry liquid having a non-volatile content concentration of 9.9% by weight. Water was added to the obtained 9.9% by weight slurry liquid, and the mixture was stirred at 3000 rpm for 5 minutes using Homo Dispar (manufactured by Tokushu Kika Kogyo Co., Ltd., Model L) to obtain 1.2% by weight slurry.
• Homo Dispar manufactured by Tokushu Kika Kogyo Co., Ltd., Model L
• CNF slurry liquid (1) The obtained 1.2% by weight slurry liquid is referred to as CNF slurry liquid (1).
• Ten fibers contained in the obtained CNF slurry liquid (1) were arbitrarily selected, and the selected fibers were observed using an electron microscope (SEM, TEM) to measure the fiber length and fiber diameter.
• SEM, TEM electron microscope
• the average thickness of the 10 fibers was 79.2 nm
• the average length was 6.14 ⁇ m
• the average aspect ratio (average length / average thickness) was 78.
• Preparation Example 2 (Preparation of Cellulose Nanofiber (CNF) Slurry Solution) After sufficiently stirring 3 g of commercially available coniferous bleached kraft pulp fiber with 297 g of ion-exchanged water, TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl radical, ALDRICH, Free radical, 98) is added to 3 g of pulp.
• CNF Cellulose Nanofiber
• Example 1 84 g of the CNF slurry solution (1) obtained in Preparation Example 1 was placed in a polypropylene container, and the viscosity of a 1.5 wt% CMC aqueous solution (CMC: carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt, 1 wt% aqueous solution at 25 ° C.
• CMC carboxymethyl cellulose sodium salt
• a slurry (1) was obtained by stirring at 3000 rpm for 30 minutes using a model L) manufactured by Kagyo Co., Ltd. When the viscosity of the obtained slurry (1) was raised to a complex viscosity at 25 ° C. (viscosity at 25 ° C.) and from 25 ° C. to 80 ° C.
• Table 1 shows the viscosity at 25 ° C., the minimum viscosity at 80 ° C., and the minimum viscosity at 80 ° C./viscosity at 25 ° C.
• Example 2 A slurry (2) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the CNF slurry liquid (2) obtained in Preparation Example 2 was used instead of the slurry (1), and the viscosity at 25 ° C. and 80 ° C. The minimum temperature rise viscosity was measured. Table 1 shows the viscosity at 25 ° C., the minimum viscosity at 80 ° C., and the minimum viscosity at 80 ° C./viscosity at 25 ° C.
• Example 3 Instead of slurry (1), cellulose nanocrystals (CelluForce NCC, manufactured by CelluForce, 1.2 wt% water slurry liquid, average thickness: 7.1 nm, average length: 0.15 ⁇ m, average aspect ratio (average length) Slurry (3) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the size / average thickness): 21) was used, and the viscosity at 25 ° C. and the minimum temperature rise of 80 ° C. were measured. Table 1 shows the viscosity at 25 ° C., the minimum viscosity at 80 ° C., and the minimum viscosity at 80 ° C./viscosity at 25 ° C.
• Comparative Example 1 Slurry in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2 g of SBR aqueous dispersion (product name TRD2001, JSR) was used instead of the slurry (1) to adjust the water content so that the solid content concentration was 40%. was prepared, and the viscosity at 25 ° C. and the minimum viscosity at 80 ° C. were measured. Table 1 shows the viscosity at 25 ° C., the minimum viscosity at 80 ° C., and the minimum viscosity at 80 ° C./viscosity at 25 ° C.
• Example 4 A slurry (4) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that artificial graphite as an active material was not blended, and the viscosity at 25 ° C. and the minimum viscosity at 80 ° C.
• the viscosity at 25 ° C. was 3.678 Pa ⁇ s
• the minimum viscosity at 80 ° C. was 0.700 Pa ⁇ s
• the minimum viscosity at 80 ° C./viscosity at 25 ° C. was 0.190.
• Comparative Example 2 A slurry was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that artificial graphite as an active material was not blended, and the viscosity at 25 ° C. and the minimum viscosity at 80 ° C. were measured.
• the viscosity at 25 ° C. was 0.883 Pa ⁇ s
• the minimum viscosity at 80 ° C. was 0.049 Pa ⁇ s
• the minimum viscosity at 80 ° C./viscosity at 25 ° C. was 0.055.
• Test Example 1 The slurries (1) to (3) obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and the slurries obtained in Comparative Example 1 were put into a square copper foil having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m and a side of 150 mm, respectively, and the thickness after drying was 50 ⁇ m or more. It was applied by an applicator so as to become. Then, with the coating film on the upper surface, the temperature was raised to 80 ° C. at 15 ° C./min and dried and solidified for 1 hour to prepare an electrode having an electrode active material layer formed on one side of a copper foil. The film thickness of the electrode active material layer of the obtained electrode was measured with a micrometer (Mitutoyo Co., Ltd.).
• the end face film thickness and the center film thickness are defined as the film thickness of the thinnest part of the end face of the electrode active material layer (end face film thickness) and the film thickness of the thickest part of the center part (center film thickness).
• the ratio (end face film thickness / center film thickness) was calculated. The results are shown in Table 2.
• a slurry containing at least a binder and a fibrous substance which is the ratio of the minimum viscosity up to 80 ° C. (minimum viscosity at 80 ° C.) to the viscosity at 25 ° C. (viscosity at 25 ° C.) (minimum temperature rise at 80 ° C.).
• Viscosity / viscosity at 25 ° C. is 0.12 or more (preferably 0.15 or more, more preferably 0.2 or more, more preferably 0.25 or more, more preferably 0.3 or more, more preferably 0.4.
• the slurry is more preferably 0.5 or more, more preferably 0.6 or more, more preferably 0.7 or more, still more preferably 0.8 or more, and particularly preferably 0.9 or more). .. [2]
• the ratio of the maximum viscosity up to 80 ° C. (maximum viscosity at 80 ° C.) to the viscosity at 25 ° C. (viscosity at 25 ° C.) (maximum viscosity at 80 ° C./viscosity at 25 ° C.) is 3.0 or less (preferably).
• the slurry according to the above [1] which is 2.5 or less, more preferably 2.0 or less, more preferably 1.5 or less, and particularly preferably 1.0 or less).
• the viscosity at 25 ° C. is 0.6 to 100 Pa ⁇ s (preferably 0.8 to 50 Pa ⁇ s, more preferably 1.0 to 30 Pa ⁇ s).
• the above [1] to [3], wherein the minimum viscosity for raising the temperature at 80 ° C. is 0.25 to 90 Pa ⁇ s (preferably 0.5 to 45 Pa ⁇ s, more preferably 1 to 30 Pa ⁇ s).
• the slurry according to any one.
• aqueous binder having a solubility in water at 20 ° C. of 1 g / L or more, or an aqueous binder in which the binder is dispersed in water at 20 ° C. with a particle size (measurement method of particle size: laser diffraction method) of 1 ⁇ m or less.
• the slurry according to any one of the above [1] to [4].
• the binder is a binder having a melting point (decomposition temperature if there is no melting point) of 160 ° C. or higher (preferably 180 ° C. or higher, more preferably 200 ° C. or higher, and an upper limit is preferably 400 ° C.).
• the binder is a binder having a viscosity (preferably 50 to 3000 mPa ⁇ s, more preferably 100 to 2000 mPa ⁇ s) of a 1 wt% aqueous solution (at 25 ° C., 60 rpm).
• the binder is selected from the group consisting of a polysaccharide derivative (1), a compound having a structural unit represented by the above formula (2), and a compound having a structural unit represented by the above formula (3).
• a polysaccharide derivative (1) is cellulose or a derivative thereof (preferably a compound having a structural unit represented by the above formula (1-1)).
• the cellulose or a derivative thereof is at least one selected from the group consisting of hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, and alkali salts thereof (for example, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and ammonium carboxymethyl cellulose).
• the fibrous material includes cellulose fiber, aramid fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fiber, polyimide fiber, fluorine fiber, glass fiber, carbon fiber, poly-p-phenylene benzoxazole fiber, polyether ether ketone fiber, liquid crystal polymer fiber, and the like.
• the slurry according to any one.
• the average thickness (average diameter D) of the fibrous substance is 1 to 1000 nm (preferably 3 to 500 nm, more preferably 3 to 200 nm).
• the average length (average length L) of the fibrous substance is 0.01 to 1000 ⁇ m (preferably 0.3 to 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.5 to 100 ⁇ m, still more preferably 1 to 20 ⁇ m).
• the above [1] to [13], wherein the average aspect ratio (average length / average thickness) of the fibrous substance is 10 to 1000 (preferably 15 to 500, more preferably 20 to 100). The slurry according to any one of.
• the binder content in the total amount of non-volatile components contained in the slurry is 0.01 to 2.0 parts by weight (preferably 0.1 to 1.5 parts by weight, more preferably 0.3 to 1.0 parts by weight).
• the total content of the fibrous substance and the binder in the total amount of the non-volatile content contained in the slurry is 0.01 to 10.0% by weight (preferably 0.1 to 5.0% by weight, more preferably 0.
• the slurry according to any one of the above [1] to [15] which is 5 to 2.0% by weight).
• the content of the fibrous substance is 0.5 to 5.0 times (preferably 1.0 to 3 times, more preferably 1.0 to 2.0 times) the content of the binder.
• the total solid content concentration of the binder and the fibrous substance is 0.02 to 20% by weight (preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight).
• the active material is at least one selected from the group consisting of a metal oxide, a lithium-containing composite oxide, a simple substance of silicon, a silicon compound, and a carbon material.
• the proportion of the active material in the total amount of non-volatile content (100% by weight) contained in the slurry is 90% by weight or more (preferably 95% by weight or more, more preferably 99% by weight or more). ] Or [21].
• the content of the binder is 0.01 to 10.0 parts by weight (preferably 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight, more preferably 0.3 to 2.) With respect to 100 parts by weight of the active material.
• Any one of the above [20] to [23], wherein the total solid content concentration of the binder, the fibrous substance, and the active material is 20 to 70% by weight (preferably 35 to 60% by weight). The slurry described in 1.
• the binder content in the supernatant obtained by centrifuging the slurry (for example, 5000 rpm ⁇ 5 minutes) is 45% by weight or more (preferably 60% by weight or more) of the total amount of the binder contained in the slurry.
• the ratio (end face film thickness / center film thickness) of the film thickness of the end face (end face film thickness) of the electrode active material layer to the film thickness of the central portion (center film thickness) is 0.9 or more (preferably 0.
• the slurry of the present invention can be suitably used for various purposes such as coating, drying and solidifying on an adherend, for example, additives for paints, foods and chemicals.
• the slurry of the present invention contains an active material, it can be suitably used for forming an electrode active material layer of a battery.
• the battery of the present invention can be suitably used for information-related devices such as smartphones and laptop computers, hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, and the like.

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• 2019
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