WO2020179746A1 - Dispositif d'imagerie - Google Patents

Dispositif d'imagerie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020179746A1
WO2020179746A1 PCT/JP2020/008741 JP2020008741W WO2020179746A1 WO 2020179746 A1 WO2020179746 A1 WO 2020179746A1 JP 2020008741 W JP2020008741 W JP 2020008741W WO 2020179746 A1 WO2020179746 A1 WO 2020179746A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
analysis
image
unit
rotation angle
imaging
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/008741
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
山田　智明
建太 神藤
Original Assignee
Dmg森精機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dmg森精機株式会社 filed Critical Dmg森精機株式会社
Publication of WO2020179746A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020179746A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00—Image analysis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an image pickup device that takes an image of a member gripped by a rotating part of a machine tool.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an image pickup apparatus capable of efficiently acquiring an image suitable for analysis of a member gripped by a rotating portion of a machine tool.
  • the imaging device is An imaging unit installed in a non-rotating area that photographs the members gripped by the rotating portion of the machine tool, An imaging control unit that controls the imaging unit according to the rotation angle of the rotating unit, Of the images acquired by the imaging unit, an analysis image selection unit that selects an analysis image suitable for analyzing the member, Of the rotation angles of the rotating unit when the image is acquired by the photographing unit, an analysis rotation angle determining unit that determines the analysis rotation angle which is the rotation angle when the analysis image is photographed. Equipped with The first step of photographing the member while rotating the rotating portion by the photographing unit, and The second step of photographing the member at the analysis rotation angle again by the photographing unit, and Have.
  • an image pickup device capable of efficiently acquiring an image suitable for analysis of a member gripped by a rotating portion of a machine tool is provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing an example of an arrangement of image capturing units of an image capturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an outline of a control unit of an image pickup apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the imaging device 2 includes an image capturing unit 10 that captures an image of the member T held by the rotating unit R of the machine tool.
  • the rotating part R of the machine tool include a spindle of the machine tool, a rotary table, and the like.
  • the member T gripped by the rotating portion R include a milling tool attached to the spindle, a workpiece (for example, a lathe) attached to the spindle, and the like.
  • the milling tool includes any type of milling tool.
  • the rotating part R is the main shaft of the machine tool
  • the member T gripped by the rotating part R is a tool for milling.
  • a camera equipped with an arbitrary image pickup element such as a CCD or MOS can be used as the photographing unit 10 that photographs the member T gripped by the rotating portion R of the machine tool.
  • the "photographing of the member T" may include photographing the entire member T, or may include photographing a part region of the member T, for example, a cutting edge region.
  • the imaging unit 10 is installed in a non-rotatable region where the member T can be imaged.
  • the "non-rotating region” include a frame region of a machine tool, a cover body that separates a machining region from the outside, and a region outside the cover body.
  • the photographing unit 10 is installed outside the cover body, it is conceivable to photograph the member T through a window portion provided on the cover body for visually recognizing the processed area.
  • the "non-rotating area" in which the photographing unit 10 is installed may be an area that does not rotate at the time of photographing, and for example, the photographing unit 10 may be attached to the moving mechanism or the rotating mechanism. In that case, the position and orientation of the photographing unit 10 can be changed so that an image suitable for analysis can be acquired by the moving mechanism and the rotating mechanism.
  • the control unit 100 electrically connected to the photographing unit 10 includes a photographing control unit 20, an analysis image selection unit 30, and an analysis rotation angle determination unit 40.
  • the imaging control unit 20 sends a signal to the imaging unit 10 to control the imaging unit 10 in accordance with the rotation angle of the rotating unit R.
  • Controlling the photographing unit 10 in correspondence with the rotation angle of the rotating unit R is an image of the member T held by the rotating unit R at a predetermined rotation angle by performing exposure in synchronization with the rotation of the rotating unit R. Means to get.
  • the photographing control unit 20 can obtain information on the rotation angle of the rotating unit R by using, for example, any of the following three methods. ..
  • the photographing control unit 20 receives a synchronous pulse from an encoder used for these rotation controls, so that the photographing control unit 20 receives the rotating unit R. It is possible to grasp the rotation angle of.
  • Second Method When the rotary unit R is a spindle of a machine tool or a rotary table, the imaging control unit 20 causes the rotary unit R to rotate by receiving a synchronization pulse from an NC device that controls the machine tool. You can grasp the angle.
  • Third Method In addition to the sensor provided in the machine tool, the image pickup device 2 is provided with a unique rotation sensor, and the rotation angle of the rotating portion R can be grasped.
  • the image capturing position, the exposure timing, the exposure time, the resolution, the illumination intensity, etc. can be exemplified.
  • the shooting position it is conceivable to control the position and posture of the shooting unit 10 in advance.
  • the control relating to the photographing position it is conceivable to photograph the member T at a predetermined rotation angle in the rotating portion R that is rotating. For example, it is possible to acquire an image of the member T gripped by the rotating rotating portion R at regular intervals, or to acquire an image of the member T when the rotating portion R reaches a predetermined rotation angle. You can also.
  • the photographing control unit 20 grasps the rotation angle of the rotating unit R, the photographing unit 10 can be used to acquire an image of the member T at a rotation angle suitable for obtaining an image suitable for analysis. .. In photographing at such a rotation angle, control is performed so that photographing is performed with optimum exposure timing, exposure time, resolution, and illumination intensity.
  • the analysis rotation angle determination unit 40 determines the rotation angle at the timing when the analysis image is selected based on the signals received from the imaging control unit 20 and the analysis image selection unit 30. As a result, the analysis rotation angle determining unit 40 can determine the analysis rotation angle, which is the rotation angle when the analysis image is photographed, among the rotation angles of the rotation unit R when the image is acquired by the photographing unit 10. it can.
  • the photographing unit 10 performs the control processing of the following two steps: (1) A first step of photographing the member T while rotating the rotating portion R, and (2) a second step of photographing the member T at the analysis rotation angle again by the photographing unit 10.
  • the analysis rotation angle is determined by using the acquired plurality of images, but also the exposure timing, the exposure time, the resolution, and the illumination intensity, which are the shooting conditions for obtaining an image suitable for the analysis, are used. Etc. can be determined.
  • a high-quality image suitable for analysis can be obtained by taking a picture with the exposure timing, the exposure time, the resolution, the illumination intensity, etc. determined in the first step.
  • the photographing is performed under the limited rotation angle while adjusting the photographing conditions for obtaining an image suitable for analysis. As a result, it is possible to efficiently acquire an image suitable for analyzing the member T gripped by the rotating portion R of the machine tool.
  • the control unit 100 further determines an analysis region suitable for analysis of the member T based on the analysis image, and obtains an image from which the analysis region is extracted when the member T is photographed at the analysis rotation angle. You can also prepare for it. By extracting the analysis region suitable for the analysis of the member T, the time for image acquisition and the time for image analysis can be further reduced. Therefore, the member T can be efficiently analyzed in a shorter time. (Contents of analysis image) Next, an analysis image suitable for analyzing the member T will be described in more detail.
  • the analysis image selection unit 30 selects an image in which at least a part of the member T is photographed within the depth of field. Since an image taken within the depth of field is used as the analysis image, the member T can be reliably and appropriately analyzed.
  • the following two methods are conceivable, for example, as methods for determining whether or not the image has been captured within the depth of field.
  • the contrast (brightness difference) of an image of an object within the depth of field is larger than that of an image of an object not within the depth of field. Therefore, the analysis image selection unit 30 can determine whether or not the image was taken within the depth of field based on the analysis of the contrast of the image. By using the contrast analysis, it is possible to reliably and easily determine whether or not the image has been captured within the depth of field.
  • Two-dimensional fast Fourier transform may be used in the field of image analysis and image processing.
  • the image outside the depth of field has a gradual change in shading and less high frequency components, and conversely, within the depth of field.
  • the analysis image selection unit 30 can determine whether or not the image was taken within the depth of field based on the analysis of the high frequency component of the spatial frequency spectrum obtained by the two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (FFT) of the image. it can. Since it is determined whether or not the image was taken within the depth of field by using the two-dimensional fast Fourier transform (FFT), the image taken within the depth of field can be efficiently selected in a short time.
  • the optimum exposure condition for obtaining a high-quality image is determined by using either the brightness distribution or the maximum brightness of at least a part of the analysis rotation angle obtained in the first step.
  • the member T is photographed under the determined and optimum exposure conditions.
  • the second step it is possible to take an image under the exposure conditions that can obtain a high-quality image, so that it is possible to surely acquire an image suitable for the analysis of the member.
  • the photographing unit 10 takes a picture as the first incident light amount-output characteristic
  • the photographing unit 10 takes a second incident light amount different from the first incident light amount-output characteristic.
  • -It is possible to shoot as an output characteristic.
  • gamma correction is performed in consideration of the characteristic of the display device, and the image is photographed as the second incident light amount-output characteristic. Is possible.
  • the correction of the incident light amount-output characteristic used in the second step is not limited to the gamma correction, and can be corrected by using any other non-linear profile.
  • the second incident light amount-output characteristic different from the first incident light amount-output characteristic is photographed, so that an image suitable for analysis adapted to the characteristic of the display device can be surely obtained. Can be obtained in.
  • the present embodiment is not limited to the case where the first rotation speed is faster than the second rotation speed.
  • the first rotation speed is faster than the second rotation speed.
  • the second rotation speed since it is necessary to take a picture at a rotation angle larger than that of the first step in the second step, the second rotation speed may be faster than the first rotation speed.
  • the second rotation speed even when an image suitable for analysis can be acquired in a very short time, the second rotation speed may be faster than the first rotation speed.
  • the rotating portion R in the first step, is rotated at the first rotational speed, and in the second step, the rotating portion R is rotated at a second rotational speed different from the first speed. To rotate. As a result, it is possible to efficiently acquire the optimum image for analysis depending on the situation.
  • Image reading range (ROI)> As a method for efficiently acquiring an image suitable for analysis, in the first step, the photographing unit 10 acquires an image in the first reading range, and in the second step, the photographing unit 10 first obtains the image. It is conceivable to acquire an image in the second reading range different from the reading range of. At any step, it is conceivable to set the ROI to acquire an image with a more limited read range.
  • an image of the entire member T is acquired as an image of the first reading range
  • a part of the member T required for analysis is obtained as an image of the second reading range. It is conceivable to acquire an image of the area of.
  • interlaced scanning is performed in the first reading range to acquire image data, which enables efficient analysis in a short time.
  • the rotation angle can also be determined.
  • the tool diameter of the rolling machining tool T is 80 mm
  • the depth of field of the imaging unit 10 is plus or minus 1 mm.
  • the frame rate of the image capturing unit 10 when acquiring an image in which no ROI is set is set to 30 frame/sec (fps).
  • fps frame/sec
  • the image of the first reading range is acquired, and in the second step, the image of the second reading range different from the first reading range is acquired for a short time. Since an image suitable for analysis can be efficiently acquired and the image data amount can be reduced, efficient analysis can be realized.
  • the member T gripped by the rotating portion R is rotated at a high speed to take a picture, not only to efficiently determine the analysis image and the analysis rotation angle, but also to detect the deformation of the spindle and the tool due to the high speed rotation. In some cases. In this case, it is possible to reduce the lack of deformation due to no load by using a rotation speed higher than the rotation speed used for actual cutting. Further, it is also possible to create an outer shape model of the image at the time of high-speed rotation by continuing the exposure or integrating the acquired images, and detect the runout of the member T and other influences.
  • the rotation center correction it is preferable to correct the center of rotation before taking pictures of the first step and the second step.
  • the rotation is measured using a reference tool as the member T gripped by the rotating portion R, and the difference is used as the eccentricity to correct the rotation.
  • the diameter of the member (reference tool) T is measured at a position where the rotation angle is 0 degrees, and the diameter of the member (reference tool) T is measured when the rotation angle is 180 degrees.
  • the eccentricity can be obtained from the difference obtained by subtracting the diameter at the time of measurement at 180 degrees from the diameter at the time of measurement at 0 degrees, and the correction can be performed.
  • Imaging device 10 Imaging unit 20 Imaging control unit 30 Analysis image selection unit 40 Analysis rotation angle determination unit 50 Analysis area extraction unit 100 Control unit R Rotation unit T member

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Image Analysis (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'objectif de la présente invention est de fournir un dispositif d'imagerie apte à acquérir efficacement une image appropriée pour l'analyse d'un élément saisi par une partie rotative d'une machine-outil. L'invention concerne un dispositif d'imagerie de machine-outil (2) comprenant : une unité d'imagerie (10) qui est disposée dans une région qui ne tourne pas, et qui capture une image d'un élément saisi par une partie rotative d'une machine-outil ; une unité de commande d'imagerie (20) qui acquiert l'angle de rotation de la partie rotative, et qui commande l'unité d'imagerie de façon à correspondre à l'angle de rotation de la partie rotative ; une unité de sélection d'image d'analyse (30) qui sélectionne, parmi des images acquises par l'unité d'imagerie, une image d'analyse appropriée pour l'analyse de l'élément ; et une unité de détermination d'angle de rotation pour analyse (40) qui détermine, à partir de l'angle de rotation de la partie rotative à l'instant où les images ont été acquises par l'unité d'imagerie, un angle de rotation pour analyse qui est l'angle de rotation à l'instant où l'image d'analyse a été capturée. Dans une première étape, l'unité de commande d'imagerie (20) commande l'unité d'imagerie (10) afin qu'elle capture une image de l'élément saisi par la partie rotative qui a tourné de façon à correspondre à l'angle de rotation de la partie rotative, et dans une seconde étape, l'unité de commande d'imagerie (20) commande l'unité d'imagerie (10) afin qu'elle capture de nouveau une image de l'élément à l'angle de rotation pour analyse.
PCT/JP2020/008741 2019-03-05 2020-03-02 Dispositif d'imagerie WO2020179746A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2019-039645 2019-03-05
JP2019039645A JP6802306B2 (ja) 2019-03-05 2019-03-05 撮像装置

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020179746A1 true WO2020179746A1 (fr) 2020-09-10

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JP6900561B1 (ja) * 2020-07-07 2021-07-07 Dmg森精機株式会社 工作機械、情報処理方法、および情報処理プログラム

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JP2006108918A (ja) * 2004-10-01 2006-04-20 Sony Corp 撮像装置
JP2007147475A (ja) * 2005-11-29 2007-06-14 Hitachi High-Technologies Corp 光学式検査装置及びその方法
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