WO2020179661A1 - 摩擦攪拌点接合装置、摩擦攪拌点接合された被接合物、及びショルダ部材 - Google Patents
摩擦攪拌点接合装置、摩擦攪拌点接合された被接合物、及びショルダ部材 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020179661A1 WO2020179661A1 PCT/JP2020/008285 JP2020008285W WO2020179661A1 WO 2020179661 A1 WO2020179661 A1 WO 2020179661A1 JP 2020008285 W JP2020008285 W JP 2020008285W WO 2020179661 A1 WO2020179661 A1 WO 2020179661A1
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- Prior art keywords
- friction stir
- shoulder member
- shoulder
- spot welding
- stir spot
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 347
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 271
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 31
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 5
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/125—Rotary tool drive mechanism
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
- B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/05—Interconnection of layers the layers not being connected over the whole surface, e.g. discontinuous connection or patterned connection
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a friction stir point joining device, a friction stir point welded object, and a shoulder member.
- a substantially cylindrical pin member and a substantially cylindrical shoulder member having a hollow for inserting the pin member join the objects to be joined.
- it controls a tool drive unit that operates (drives) a pin member and a shoulder member (rotary tool; joining tool).
- the cross-sectional area of the tip surface of the pin member is Ap
- the cross-sectional area of the tip surface of the shoulder member is As
- the press-fitting depth when the pin member is press-fitted from the surface of the object to be joined is Pp
- the shoulder member is the object to be joined.
- the present invention is to solve the above-described conventional problems, and a first object of the present invention is to provide a friction stir point welding device capable of shortening the welding time as compared with the conventional friction stir point welding device. To do. Further, the present invention provides a friction stir spot welding device and a conventional friction stir spot welding device capable of increasing the welding strength as compared with the objects to be welded joined by the conventional friction stir spot welding device. A second object is to provide a material to be welded having a higher bonding strength than the material to be welded.
- the friction stir spot welding device is a pin member formed in a cylindrical shape, and a shoulder member formed in a cylindrical shape, the pin member being inserted inside, A rotary drive that rotates the pin member and the shoulder member around an axis that coincides with the axis of the pin member, and an advance / retreat drive that moves the pin member and the shoulder member forward and backward along the axis, respectively.
- a rotary drive that rotates the pin member and the shoulder member around an axis that coincides with the axis of the pin member
- an advance / retreat drive that moves the pin member and the shoulder member forward and backward along the axis, respectively.
- a first groove is formed at the tip of the outer peripheral surface of the shoulder member so as to extend along the axial direction of the pin member.
- the friction stir spot welding apparatus includes a pin member formed in a cylindrical shape, a shoulder member formed in a cylindrical shape, and the pin member being inserted therein, the pin member and the shoulder.
- a rotary drive that rotates a member around an axis that coincides with the axis of the pin member, and an advance / retreat drive that moves the pin member and the shoulder member forward and backward along the axis, respectively, are provided.
- a second groove is formed on the tip surface of the member so as to extend in the radial direction.
- a friction stir point welding apparatus is a friction stir point welding apparatus for performing a friction stir point welding of objects to be welded each including a first member and a second member, the friction stir point welding apparatus comprising: A pin member, a shoulder member which is formed in a hollow shape and the pin member is inserted therein, a rotary driver which rotates the pin member and the shoulder member around an axis extending in their respective longitudinal directions, and the above.
- the pin member and the shoulder member are each provided with an advance / retreat drive that moves back and forth along the axis, and the shoulder member is plastically flowed when the shoulder member advances while rotating in the object to be welded.
- the material softened by the above is configured to flow in the traveling direction of the shoulder member or the retreating direction of the shoulder member.
- the bonding strength of the object to be bonded can be increased as compared with the conventional friction stir welding device.
- the object to be welded according to the present invention is an object to be welded by friction stir point welding by the friction stir point welding device.
- the object to be welded according to the present invention is an object to be welded by friction stir point welding by a friction stir point welding device, wherein the object to be welded is composed of a first member and a second member, It is formed in the first member or in the second member.
- the joining time can be shortened as compared with the conventional friction stir point joining device.
- the bonding strength of the object to be welded can be increased as compared with the conventional friction stir welding device.
- the object to be welded according to the present invention can obtain an object to be bonded having a higher bonding strength than the object to be bonded by a conventional friction stir welding device.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the friction stir spot welding device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing the tip portion of the shoulder member in the friction stir spot welding device shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram schematically showing the control configuration of the friction stir spot welding device shown in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the friction stir spot welding device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5A is a process diagram schematically showing an example of each process of friction stir point joining by the friction stir point joining device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5B is a process diagram schematically showing an example of each process of friction stir point joining by the friction stir point joining device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5A is a process diagram schematically showing an example of each process of friction stir point joining by the friction stir point joining device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5B is a process diagram schematically showing an example of each process of friction stir point joining by the friction stir point joining device shown in
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view schematically showing a main part (tip portion of a shoulder member) of the friction stir welding device of the first modification of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the friction stir spot welding device according to the second embodiment.
- 8: is a perspective view which shows typically the front-end
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the joining time as a result of friction stir point joining and the result of the cross tensile test using the friction stir point joining devices of Comparative Examples and Test Examples 1 to 4.
- FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional photograph of an object to be welded by friction stir point joining using the friction stir point joining devices of Comparative Examples and Test Examples 1 to 4.
- FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional photograph of an object to be welded by friction stir point joining using the friction stir point joining devices of Comparative Examples and Test Examples 1 to 4.
- FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional photograph of an object
- FIG. 10A is a cross-sectional photograph of an object to be welded by friction stir point joining using the friction stir point joining devices of Comparative Examples and Test Examples 1 to 4.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the friction stir spot welding device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view schematically showing the tip end portion of the shoulder member in the friction stir spot welding device shown in FIG. 11.
- FIG. 13A is a process diagram schematically showing an example of each process of friction stir spot welding by the friction stir spot welding device shown in FIG. 11.
- FIG. 13B is a process diagram schematically showing an example of each process of friction stir point joining by the friction stir point joining device shown in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 14A is a process diagram schematically showing another example of each step of friction stir point joining by the friction stir point joining device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 14B is a process diagram schematically showing another example of each step of friction stir point joining by the friction stir point joining device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing a schematic configuration of the friction stir welding point joining device of the first modification in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a perspective view schematically showing the tip end portion of the shoulder member in the friction stir spot welding device shown in FIG. 15.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the friction stir spot welding device according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a perspective view schematically showing the tip portion of the shoulder member in the friction stir spot welding device shown in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic view showing a schematic configuration of the friction stir welding device according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 20 is a perspective view schematically showing a tip portion of a shoulder member in the friction stir welding device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 21A is a process diagram schematically showing an example of each process of friction stir point joining by the friction stir point joining device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 21B is a process diagram schematically showing an example of each process of friction stir point joining by the friction stir point joining device shown in FIG.
- FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional photograph of an object to be welded by friction stir point joining using the friction stir point joining device of Example 1.
- FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional photograph of an object to be welded by friction stir welding using the friction stir welding device of Example 1 after a cross tensile test.
- FIG. 24 shows the results of a cross tension test and the height of hooking performed on the objects to be friction stir spot welded using the friction stir spot welding devices of Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1 and 2. It is a graph.
- FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional photograph of an object to be welded by friction stir spot welding using the friction stir spot welding apparatus of Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional photograph of an object to be welded by friction stir spot welding using the friction stir spot welding apparatus of Example 1.
- FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional photograph of an object to be welded by friction stir spot welding using the friction stir spot welding apparatus of Example 3.
- FIG. 28 is a graph showing the results of a cross tension test performed on the objects to be friction stir spot welded using the friction stir spot welding devices of Comparative Example 1 and Example 3 and the hooking height. is there.
- FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional photograph of an object to be welded by friction stir point joining using the friction stir point joining devices of Comparative Example 1 and Example 4.
- FIG. 30 is a graph showing the results of a cross tension test performed on the objects to be friction stir spot welded using the friction stir spot welding devices of Comparative Example 1 and Example 4 and the hooking height. is there.
- the friction stir welding device includes a pin member formed in a columnar shape, a shoulder member formed in a cylindrical shape, and a pin member inserted therein, and a pin member and a shoulder member.
- a rotary drive that rotates around an axis that coincides with the axis of the pin member, and an advance / retreat drive that moves the pin member and the shoulder member forward and backward along the axis, respectively, and the tip of the outer peripheral surface of the shoulder member.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the friction stir spot welding device according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view schematically showing the tip portion of the shoulder member in the friction stir spot welding device shown in FIG. 1.
- the vertical direction in the drawing is represented as the vertical direction in the friction stir spot welding apparatus.
- the friction stir spot welding device 50 includes a pin member 11, a shoulder member 12, a tool fixing device 52, a forward/backward driving device 53, a clamping member 13, a backing support portion 55, and It includes a backing member 56 and a rotary drive 57.
- the pin member 11, the shoulder member 12, the tool fixing device 52, the advancing/retreating drive device 53, the clamp member 13, and the rotation driving device 57 are provided on the upper end portion of the backing support portion 55 configured by a C-type gun (C-type frame). It is provided.
- a backing member 56 is provided at the lower end of the backing support portion 55.
- the pin member 11, the shoulder member 12, the clamp member 13, and the backing member 56 are attached to the backing support portion 55 at positions facing each other.
- the object to be joined 60 is arranged between the pin member 11, the shoulder member 12, the clamp member 13, and the backing member 56.
- the pin member 11, the shoulder member 12, and the clamp member 13 are fixed to the tool fixture 52 composed of the rotary tool fixture 521 and the clamp fixture 522. Specifically, the pin member 11 and the shoulder member 12 are fixed to the rotary tool fixing device 521, and the clamp member 13 is fixed to the clamp fixing device 522 via the clamp driving device 41.
- the rotary tool fixture 521 is supported by the clamp fixture 522 via the rotary drive 57.
- the clamp drive 41 is composed of a spring.
- the pin member 11, the shoulder member 12, and the clamp member 13 are driven to move up and down in the vertical direction by the advance/retreat driver 53 including a pin driver 531 and a shoulder driver 532.
- the pin member 11 is formed in a columnar shape and is supported by a rotary tool fixture 521, although not shown in detail in FIG.
- the pin member 11 may be supported by the rotary tool fixture 521 via a linear motion bearing (not shown).
- the pin member 11 is rotated by the rotation drive 57 around the axis Xr (rotation axis) corresponding to the axis of the pin member 11, and by the pin drive 531 in the arrow P1 direction, that is, the axis Xr direction (FIG. 1). It is configured to be able to move forward and backward along the vertical direction).
- the pin drive 531 may be configured to apply a pressing force to the pin member 11, and for example, a mechanism using gas pressure, hydraulic pressure, a servomotor, or the like can be preferably used.
- the shoulder member 12 is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape and is supported by the rotary tool fixing device 521.
- the pin member 11 is inserted in the hollow of the shoulder member 12.
- the shoulder member 12 is arranged so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the pin member 11.
- the shoulder member 12 is configured to be rotated around the same axis Xr as the pin member 11 by the rotation drive 57, and can be moved forward and backward along the arrow P2 direction, that is, the axis Xr direction by the shoulder drive 532.
- the shoulder drive 532 may be configured to apply a pressing force to the shoulder member 12, and for example, a mechanism using gas pressure, hydraulic pressure, a servomotor, or the like can be preferably used.
- a first groove 21 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion (lower end portion) of the shoulder member 12 so as to extend from the tip end surface 12a (tip of the shoulder member 12) (see FIGS. 1 and 2).
- the first groove 21 is formed so as to extend in the direction of the axis Xr, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be formed so as to extend in an oblique direction with respect to the axis Xr.
- the first groove 21 is provided at four places here, but is not limited to this, and may be provided at one place, and may be provided at a plurality of places (for example, two places, six places, eight places). It may be provided in a place, etc.).
- the tip of the first groove 21 coincides with the tip of the shoulder member 12 here, but is not limited to this.
- the tip of the first groove 21 may be located on the base end (upper) side of the tip of the shoulder member 12.
- the length dimension of the first groove 21 in the width direction may be 0.3 mm or more, and may be 0.5 mm, from the viewpoint of improving the joint strength of the joint portion of the article 60 to be joined. It may be more. Further, the length dimension of the first groove 21 in the width direction (circumferential direction of the shoulder member 12) may be 1.5 mm or less from the viewpoint of shortening the joining time of the joined portion of the article 60 to be joined. It may be 3 mm or less.
- the depth dimension of the first groove 21 (the radial dimension of the shoulder member 12) may be 0.1 mm or more from the viewpoint of improving the joint strength of the joint portion of the article 60 to be joined, It may be 0.2 mm or more. Further, the depth dimension of the first groove 21 may be 0.3 mm or less or 0.5 mm or less from the viewpoint of shortening the joining time of the joint portion of the object to be joined 60.
- the length dimension of the first groove 21 in the axis Xr direction may be 2.0 mm or less, or may be 1.8 mm or less, from the viewpoint of improving the bonding strength of the bonded portion of the object to be bonded 60. Good. Further, the length dimension of the first groove 21 in the axis Xr direction may be 0.7 mm or more, or 1.2 mm or more, from the viewpoint of shortening the joining time of the joint portion of the object to be joined 60. Good.
- both the pin member 11 and the shoulder member 12 are supported by the same rotary tool fixture 521, and both are integrally rotated about the axis Xr by the rotary drive 57. Further, the pin member 11 and the shoulder member 12 are configured to be movable back and forth along the axis Xr direction by the pin driver 531 and the shoulder driver 532.
- the pin member 11 can move forward and backward independently, and also can move forward and backward with the forward and backward movement of the shoulder member 12.
- the pin member 11 and the shoulder member 12 are Each may be configured to be able to move forward and backward independently.
- the clamp member 13 is formed in a cylindrical shape having a hollow shape, and is provided so that its axis coincides with the axis Xr.
- the shoulder member 12 is inserted in the hollow of the clamp member 13.
- the cylindrical shoulder member 12 is arranged so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the pin member 11, and the cylindrical clamp member 13 is arranged so as to surround the outer peripheral surface of the shoulder member 12.
- the clamp member 13, the shoulder member 12, and the pin member 11 each have a coaxial core-shaped nested structure.
- the clamp member 13 is configured to press the object to be joined 60 from one surface (surface). As described above, the clamp member 13 is supported by the clamp fixture 522 via the clamp drive 41 in the first embodiment.
- the clamp driver 41 is configured to urge the clamp member 13 toward the backing member 56 side.
- the clamp member 13 (including the clamp driver 41 and the clamp fixture 522) is configured to be movable back and forth in the arrow P3 direction (the same direction as the arrow P1 and the arrow P2) by the shoulder driver 532.
- clamp drive 41 is composed of a spring in the first embodiment, the clamp drive 41 is not limited to this.
- the clamp driver 41 may have any structure as long as it applies a bias or a pressure to the clamp member 13.
- a mechanism using gas pressure, hydraulic pressure, servo motor, or the like can be preferably used.
- the pin member 11, the shoulder member 12, and the clamp member 13 have a tip surface 11a, a tip surface 12a, and a tip surface 13a, respectively. Further, the pin member 11, the shoulder member 12, and the clamp member 13 are moved back and forth by the advancing / retreating drive 53, so that the tip surface 11a, the tip surface 12a, and the tip surface 13a are each the surface of the object to be joined 60 (the tip surface 13a). The object to be welded 60 is pressed to press the object to be welded 60.
- the backing member 56 is configured to be supported by the flat surface (supporting surface 56a) so as to contact the back surface of the flat object 60.
- the structure of the backing member 56 is not particularly limited as long as it can appropriately support the object to be joined 60 so that friction stir welding can be performed.
- the backing member 56 for example, the backing member 56 having a plurality of types of shapes may be separately prepared, and the backing member 56 may be detached from the backing support portion 55 and replaced according to the type of the article 60 to be bonded. Good.
- the specific configurations of the pin member 11, the shoulder member 12, the tool fixture 52, the advance/retreat driver 53, the clamp member 13, the backing support 55, and the rotation driver 57 in the first embodiment are described above.
- the structure is not limited, and a widely known structure in the field of friction stir welding can be preferably used.
- the tool fixture 52 may be supported by the backing support part 55 via a linear motion bearing (not shown).
- the pin drive 531 and the shoulder drive 532 may be composed of a motor, a gear mechanism and the like known in the field of friction stir welding.
- the backing support portion 55 is composed of a C-type gun, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the backing support portion 55 supports the pin member 11, the shoulder member 12, and the clamp member 13 so as to be movable back and forth, and the backing member 56 is placed at a position facing the pin member 11, the shoulder member 12, and the clamp member 13. It may be configured in any way as long as it can be supported.
- the friction stir point joining device 50 adopts a form arranged in a friction stir point joining robot device (not shown).
- the backing support part 55 is attached to the tip of the arm of the robot apparatus. Therefore, it can be considered that the backing support part 55 is also included in the friction stir spot welding robot apparatus.
- the specific configuration of the robot apparatus for friction stir spot welding including the backing support portion 55 and the arm is not particularly limited, and a configuration known in the field of friction stir welding such as an articulated robot can be preferably used. ..
- the friction stir spot welding device 50 (including the backing support part 55) is not limited to the case where it is applied to a friction stir spot welding robot device, and for example, an NC machine tool, a large C frame, Also, it can be suitably applied to known processing equipment such as an auto riveter.
- the friction stir spot welding apparatus 50 in the friction stir spot welding apparatus 50 according to the first embodiment, two or more pairs of robots make the portion of the friction stir spot welding apparatus 50 other than the backing member 56 directly face the backing member 56. It may be configured as follows. Further, the friction stir point joining device 50 may adopt a form in which the object to be joined 60 is hand-held as long as it is possible to stably perform friction stir point joining to the object to be joined 60. A mode in which the robot is used as a positioner for the article 60 to be joined may be adopted.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram schematically showing a control configuration of the friction stir welding device shown in FIG.
- the friction stir welding point joining device 50 includes a controller 51, a storage device 31, an input device 32, and a position detector 33.
- the controller 51 is configured to control each member (each device) included in the friction stir spot welding device 50. Specifically, the controller 51 reads out and executes software such as a basic program stored in a storage device to execute a pin driver 531 and a shoulder driver 532 that constitute the advance/retreat driver 53, and a rotation driver. 57 and.
- the controller 51 may be composed of a single controller 51 for centralized control, or may be composed of a plurality of controllers 51 for distributed control in cooperation with each other. Further, the controller 51 may be configured by a microcomputer, and may be configured by an MPU, a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), a logic circuit, or the like.
- the storage device 31 stores a basic program and various data in a readable manner, and the storage device 31 is composed of a known memory, a storage device such as a hard disk, or the like.
- the storage device 31 does not have to be a single device, and may be configured as a plurality of storage devices (for example, a random access memory and a hard disk drive).
- the controller 51 and the like are composed of a microcomputer, at least a part of the storage device 31 may be configured as the internal memory of the microcomputer or may be configured as an independent memory.
- the storage device 31 may store data so that the data can be read from other than the controller 51, or the data may be written from the controller 51 or the like. Not too long.
- the input device 32 allows the controller 51 to input various parameters relating to the control of friction stir spot welding, or other data, and is a known input device such as a keyboard, a touch panel, and a button switch group. It is configured.
- a known input device such as a keyboard, a touch panel, and a button switch group. It is configured.
- at least the joining condition of the article 60 to be joined, for example, the data such as the thickness and material of the article 60 to be joined can be input by the input device 32.
- the position detector 33 is configured to detect the position information of the tip portion (tip surface 12a) of the shoulder member 12 and output the detected position information to the controller 51.
- the position detector 33 for example, an LVDT, an encoder or the like may be used.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the operation of the friction stir welding device according to the first embodiment.
- 5A and 5B are process diagrams schematically showing an example of each process of friction stir point joining by the friction stir point joining device shown in FIG. 1.
- first member 61 and the second member 62 may be made of metal (for example, aluminum, steel, etc.).
- the article 60 to be joined is formed of the plate-shaped first member 61 and the plate-shaped second member 62, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the shape of the 60 is arbitrary, and may be, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape or an arc shape.
- an arrow r indicates a rotation direction of the pin member 11 and the shoulder member 12
- a block arrow F indicates a first member 61 and The direction of the force applied to the second member 62 is shown.
- FIGS. 5A and 5B for convenience of explanation.
- the shoulder member 12 is shaded and hatched in order to clearly distinguish it from the pin member 11 and the clamp member 13.
- an operator places the article 60 on the support surface 56a of the backing member 56. Then, the operator operates the input device 32 to input the joining execution of the object to be joined 60 to the controller 51. The robot 60 may place the article 60 on the support surface 56a of the backing member 56.
- the controller 51 drives the rotation driver 57 to drive the pin member 11 and the shoulder member 12 at a preset first rotational speed (for example, 200 to 3000 rpm). Rotate (step S101; see step (1) in FIG. 5A).
- the controller 51 drives the advance / retreat drive 53 (shoulder drive 532) to rotate the pin member 11 and the shoulder member 12, and then presses the pin member 11, the shoulder member 12, and the clamp member 13.
- the tip surface 11a of the pin member 11, the tip surface 12a of the shoulder member 12, and the tip surface 13a of the clamp member 13 are brought close to the object 60 of the object 60.
- the surface 60c is brought into contact (step S102; see step (2) in FIG. 5A).
- the controller 51 causes the pin member 11, the shoulder member 12, and the clamp member 13 as a whole to be bonded with a predetermined pressing force (for example, a predetermined value included in the range of 3 kN to 10 kN).
- a predetermined pressing force for example, a predetermined value included in the range of 3 kN to 10 kN.
- the advance / retreat drive 53 shoulder drive 532 is controlled so as to press the object 60.
- the first member 61 and the second member 62 are sandwiched between the clamp member 13 and the backing member 56, and the contraction of the clamp driver 41 urges the clamp member 13 toward the surface 60c of the article 60 to be joined. , Clamping force is generated.
- the controller 51 drives the advance/retreat driver 53 so that the tip end surface 11a of the pin member 11 sinks into the tip end surface 12a of the shoulder member 12 (step S103).
- the controller 51 may drive the advance / retreat drive 53 (pin drive 531) so that the pin member 11 is separated from the object to be joined 60.
- the controller 51 may drive the advance / retreat drive 53 (shoulder drive 532) so that the shoulder member 12 is press-fitted into the object to be joined 60.
- the controller 51 acquires the position information of the tip portion of the shoulder member 12 from the position detector 33 (step S104). Next, the controller 51 determines whether or not the positional information of the tip end portion of the shoulder member 12 acquired in step S104 has reached a preset first position (step S105).
- the first position can be set in advance by an experiment or the like, and the surface of the first member 61 (the surface 60c of the article 60 to be bonded) is 0%, and the surface is in contact with the support surface 56a of the second member 62.
- 100% it means a position that is arbitrarily set between 0% and less than 100%. From the viewpoint of improving the bonding strength, it is better that the first position is closer to the surface of the second member 62 that contacts the support surface 56a, and may be 25% or more, or 50% or more. , 75% or more, 80% or more, 90% or more, 95% or more.
- the softened part of the article 60 to be welded extends from the upper first member 61 to the lower second member 62, and the volume of the plastic flow part 60a increases. Further, the softened material of the plastic flow portion 60a is pushed away by the shoulder member 12 and flows from immediately below the shoulder member 12 to immediately below the pin member 11, so that the pin member 11 retracts and floats with respect to the shoulder member 12 (Fig. 5A step (3)).
- step S104 determines that the position information of the tip portion of the shoulder member 12 acquired in step S104 has not reached the first position (No in step S105).
- the controller 51 returns to step S104, and in step S104. The processes of steps S104 and S105 are repeated until it is determined that the acquired position information of the tip portion of the shoulder member 12 has reached the first position.
- step S104 determines that the position information of the tip portion of the shoulder member 12 acquired in step S104 has reached the first position (Yes in step S105)
- the controller 51 executes the process of step S106.
- step S106 the controller 51 drives the advancing/retreating driver 53 (pin driver 531) so that the pin member 11 advances toward the article 60 to be welded, or the controller 51 causes the shoulder member 12 to contact.
- the advance / retreat drive 53 (Shoulder drive 532) is driven so as to be separated from the joint 60.
- the pin member 11 gradually advances toward the first member 61, and the shoulder member 12 retracts from the first member 61 (see step (4) in FIG. 5B).
- the softened portion of the plastic flow portion 60a flows from immediately below the pin member 11 to just below the shoulder member 12 (a concave portion caused by press-fitting of the shoulder member 12).
- controller 51 may control the advance / retreat drive 53 so that the tip surface 11a of the pin member 11 is located at the first position. Further, the controller 51 may control the advancing/retreating drive unit 53 so that the tip end surface 11a of the pin member 11 reaches the inside of the second member 62, and the tip end surface 11a of the pin member 11 becomes the first member.
- the advancing/retreating driver 53 may be controlled so as to be located within 61.
- the controller 51 sets the area of the tip surface of the pin member 11 as Ap, the area of the tip surface of the shoulder member 12 as As, and the press-fitting depth of the pin member 11 as Pp.
- the press-fitting depth of the shoulder member 12 is Ps
- the following formula (I) Ap ⁇ Pp + As ⁇ Ps Tx ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ (I)
- It is preferable to control the advance / retreat drive 53 so as to reduce the absolute value of the tool average position Tx defined in, and it is more preferable to control the advance / retreat drive 53 so that the tool average position Tx 0. ..
- specific control for reducing the absolute value of the tool average position Tx is disclosed in detail in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-187, so the description thereof is omitted here.
- the controller 51 controls the advancing/retreating driver 53 to match the tip end surface 11a of the pin member 11 and the tip end surface 12a of the shoulder member 12 with each other so that there is almost no step between them (to be flush) (Ste S107; see step (5) in FIG. 5B).
- the surface 60c of the object to be joined 60 is shaped to obtain a substantially flat surface to the extent that substantially no recesses are formed.
- the controller 51 drives the advance/retreat driver 53 so that the pin member 11, the shoulder member 12, and the clamp member 13 are separated from the article 60 to be joined (step S108), and then the controller 51 rotates.
- the driver 57 is controlled to stop the rotation of the pin member 11 and the shoulder member 12 (step S109; see step (6) in FIG. 5B), and a series of friction stir point welding (welding step of the article 60 to be welded) is performed. To finish.
- the first groove 21 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the shoulder member 12 so as to extend from the tip end surface 12a of the shoulder member 12. Has been formed. As a result, stirring of the first member 61 and / or the second member 62 is promoted, and the joining time can be shortened.
- the first groove 21 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the shoulder member 12, as compared with the conventional shoulder member 12 in which the first groove 21 is not formed, as shown in a test example described later. Therefore, the joint strength can be improved.
- the friction stir spot welding apparatus of the first modification of the first embodiment is the same as the friction stir spot welding apparatus according to the first embodiment, except that a second groove is formed on the tip end surface of the shoulder member so as to extend in the radial direction. There is.
- FIG. 6 is a perspective view schematically showing a main part (tip portion of a shoulder member) of the friction stir welding point joining device of the first modification of the first embodiment.
- the friction stir spot welding apparatus of Modification 1 of the first embodiment has the same basic configuration as the friction stir spot welding apparatus 50 of the first embodiment, but the first groove 21 In addition, the second groove 22 is provided on the tip surface 12a of the shoulder member 12.
- the second groove 22 is formed so as to extend in the radial direction passing through the center (axial center) of the shoulder member 12, but the present invention is not limited to this, and it may extend in an oblique direction with respect to the radial direction. It may be formed. Further, although the second groove 22 is provided at four places here, the second groove 22 is not limited to this, and may be provided at one place, and a plurality of places (for example, two places, six places, eight places). Location).
- the second groove 22 is provided so as to communicate with the first groove 21, but the second groove 22 is not limited to this, and may be provided so as not to communicate with the first groove 21.
- the friction stir welding device includes a pin member formed in a columnar shape, a shoulder member formed in a cylindrical shape, and a pin member inserted therein, and a pin member and a shoulder member.
- a rotary drive that rotates around an axis that coincides with the axis of the pin member, and an advance / retreat drive that moves the pin member and the shoulder member forward and backward along the axis, respectively, are provided on the tip surface of the shoulder member.
- the second groove is formed so as to extend in the radial direction.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the friction stir spot welding device according to the second embodiment.
- 8 is a perspective view which shows typically the front-end
- the friction stir spot welding device 50 according to the second embodiment has the same basic configuration as the friction stir spot welding device 50 according to the first embodiment, but the first groove The difference is that the second groove 22 is provided on the tip surface 12a of the shoulder member 12 instead of the 21.
- the second groove 22 is formed so as to extend in the radial direction passing through the center (axial center) of the shoulder member 12, but the present invention is not limited to this, and it may extend in an oblique direction with respect to the radial direction. It may be formed. Further, although the second groove 22 is provided at four places here, the second groove 22 is not limited to this, and may be provided at one place, and a plurality of places (for example, two places, six places, eight places). Location).
- the friction stir spot welding device 50 according to the second embodiment configured as described above also achieves the same operation and effect as the friction stir spot welding device 50 according to the first embodiment.
- the second groove 22 shown in the friction stir spot welding device 50 according to the second embodiment may be provided in the shoulder member 12 of the friction stir spot welding device 50 according to the first embodiment. That is, a configuration may be adopted in which the first groove 21 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the shoulder member 12 and the second groove 22 is provided on the tip end surface 12a of the shoulder member 12.
- the friction stir welding device 50 of Test Example 1 is provided with a first groove 21 on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the shoulder member 12.
- the first groove 21 is provided at four places on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the shoulder member 12, and the length dimension of the first groove 21 in the width direction (circumferential direction of the shoulder member 12) is 1.5 mm,
- the depth dimension of the first groove 21 (the length dimension in the radial direction of the shoulder member 12) was set to 0.3 mm, and the length dimension of the first groove 21 in the axis Xr direction was set to 2.0 mm.
- the friction stir welding device 50 of Test Example 2 is provided with a first groove 21 on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the shoulder member 12.
- the first groove 21 is provided at four locations on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the shoulder member 12, the width dimension of the first groove 21 is set to 0.5 mm, and the depth dimension of the first groove 21 is set.
- the friction stir welding device 50 of Test Example 3 is provided with a first groove 21 on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the shoulder member 12.
- the first groove 21 is provided at eight locations on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the shoulder member 12, the width dimension of the first groove 21 is set to 0.5 mm, and the depth dimension of the first groove 21 is set.
- Test Example 4 The friction stir welding device 50 of Test Example 4 is provided with a second groove 221 on the tip surface 12a of the shoulder member 12. Specifically, the second groove 22 is provided at four positions on the tip surface 12a of the shoulder member 12, and the length dimension of the second groove 22 in the width direction (circumferential direction of the shoulder member 12) is 1.73 mm. The depth (length in the axis Xr direction) dimension of the groove 22 was set to 0.5 mm.
- the friction stir spot welding device 50 of the comparative example has the same configuration as the conventional shoulder member 12, and uses the shoulder member 12 in which the first groove 21 or the second groove 22 is not provided. (Test results) Then, using the friction stir spot welding apparatus 50 of Comparative Example and Test Examples 1 to 4, friction stir spot welding was performed using aluminum plates having a thickness of 2.0 mm as the first member 61 and the second member 62. It was performed and the joining time was measured.
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the joining time as a result of friction stir point joining and the result of the cross tensile test using the friction stir point joining devices of Comparative Examples and Test Examples 1 to 4.
- the welding time and the result of the cross tension test when the friction stir spot welding apparatus 50 of the comparative example is used are set to 100%, and the friction stir spot welding apparatus 50 of Test Examples 1 to 4 is used.
- the result of the joining time and the cross tension test at the time of spot joining is shown.
- 10A and 10B are cross-sectional photographs of the objects to be joined by friction stir point joining using the friction stir point joining devices of Comparative Examples and Test Examples 1 to 4.
- the result of performing the friction stir spot welding of the article 60 to be welded is the friction stir spot welding apparatus 50 of the comparative example. It was shown that the joining time was shortened and the joining strength was improved as compared with the result of friction stir welding of the objects to be joined 60.
- the inner wall surface 65 in which the shoulder member 12 in the object to be joined 60 (first member 61) forms a recess formed by press fitting is formed.
- An interface is formed between the step (6) of FIG. 5B) and the portion backfilled with the softened material (joint portion 60b).
- the friction stir spot welding device 50 of Test Examples 1 to 4 compared to the friction stir spot welding device 50 of the comparative example, formation of the interface between the inner wall surface 65 and the welded portion 60b may be suppressed. Was shown.
- the friction stir point welding device is a friction stir point welding device for performing a friction stir point welding of objects to be welded each including a first member and a second member.
- Each of the shoulder members is provided with an advance / retreat drive that moves the members forward and backward along the axis, and the shoulder member is a material softened by plastic flow as the shoulder member advances while rotating in the object to be welded. Is configured to flow in the traveling direction of.
- the traveling direction of the shoulder member means the direction in which the shoulder member advances toward the object to be joined.
- the regressive direction of the shoulder member refers to the direction in which the shoulder member separates from the object to be joined.
- the shoulder member may be configured such that the hooking of the article to be welded is formed in the traveling direction of the shoulder member.
- the first member is configured to have a tensile strength higher than that of the second member, and the shoulder member is configured such that hooking of an article to be welded is not performed before joining. May be formed on the first member side.
- the tensile strength means the strength measured by JIS Z2241.
- a first groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the shoulder member, and the first groove is formed on the front end side in the rotation direction of the shoulder member. It may be formed so as to be located on the base end side of the shoulder member as compared with the rear end side in the rotation direction of the shoulder member.
- the first groove may be formed at a position where the tip end thereof is separated from the tip end of the shoulder member toward the base end side.
- the object to be joined according to the third embodiment may be a friction stir point welded by any of the friction stir point joining devices according to the third embodiment.
- the first member is configured to have a higher tensile strength than the second member, and the hooking is formed on the side of the first member before joining. May be configured.
- the article to be joined according to the third embodiment is an article to be joined by friction stir spot joining by a friction stir spot joining apparatus, and the article to be joined is composed of a first member and a second member, Are formed in the first member or the second member.
- the shoulder member according to the third embodiment has, on the outer peripheral surface, a concave portion and/or a convex portion having a sloped portion in which a portion in the rotation direction is located on the base end side as compared with other portions in the rotation direction. Are formed.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the friction stir spot welding device according to the third embodiment.
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view schematically showing the tip end portion of the shoulder member in the friction stir spot welding device shown in FIG. 11.
- the vertical direction in the drawing is represented as the vertical direction in the friction stir spot welding device.
- the friction stir spot welding device 50 according to the third embodiment has the same basic configuration as the friction stir spot welding device 50 according to the first embodiment, but the shoulder member 12 is used. Have different shapes. Since the control configuration of the friction stir point joining device 50 according to the third embodiment is the same as that of the friction stir point joining device 50 according to the first embodiment, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the shoulder member 12 is configured such that when the shoulder member 12 advances while rotating in the object to be joined 60, the material softened by the plastic flow flows in the traveling direction of the shoulder member 12. (See FIGS. 13A and 14A). In other words, the shoulder member 12 is configured such that the hooking 66 is formed on the object to be joined 60 in the traveling direction of the shoulder member 12.
- the first groove 21 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the shoulder member 12 has a front end portion 21a in the rotation direction of the shoulder member 12 compared to a rear end portion 21b in the rotation direction of the shoulder member 12. Then, it is formed so as to be located on the base end side of the shoulder member. That is, the first groove 21 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the shoulder member 12 so that the front end portion 21a is located on the base end side and the rear end portion 21b is located on the tip end side.
- the plurality of first grooves 21 are formed so as to cover the entire outer peripheral surface of the shoulder member 12, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- one first groove 21 may be formed in a spiral shape so as to cover the entire outer peripheral surface of the shoulder member 12.
- a plurality of concave portions and / or convex portions may be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the shoulder member 12 so as to line up on a straight line or a curved line.
- FIG. 13A and 13B are process diagrams schematically showing an example of each process of friction stir point joining by the friction stir point joining device shown in FIG. 14A and 14B are process diagrams schematically showing another example of each process of friction stir spot welding by the friction stir spot welding device shown in FIG. 11.
- FIGS. 13A to 14B as an example, a case where two plate-shaped first members 61 and second members 62 are used as the article to be joined 60 and these are overlapped and connected by point joining is taken as an example.
- the first member 61 and the second member 62 use members having the same thickness, and the first member 61 is placed on the backing member 56.
- the first member 61 uses a member having a higher tensile strength than the second member 62 and is placed on the backing member 56.
- FIGS. 13A to 14B for convenience of explanation.
- the shoulder member 12 is shaded and hatched in order to clearly distinguish it from the pin member 11 and the clamp member 13.
- an operator places the article 60 on the support surface 56a of the backing member 56. Then, the operator operates the input device 32 to input the joining execution of the object to be joined 60 to the controller 51. The robot 60 may place the article 60 on the support surface 56a of the backing member 56.
- the controller 51 drives the rotation drive 57 to rotate the pin member 11 and the shoulder member 12 at a predetermined first rotation speed (for example, 200 to 3000 rpm) (FIGS. 13A and 13A). 14A step (1)).
- the controller 51 drives the advancing/retreating driver 53 (shoulder driver 532) to rotate the pin member 11 and the shoulder member 12, and moves the pin member 11, the shoulder member 12, and the clamp member 13 to each other.
- the tip surface 11a of the pin member 11, the tip surface 12a of the shoulder member 12, and the tip surface 13a of the clamp member 13 are moved closer to the article 60 to be joined. It is brought into contact with the surface 60c (see step (2) in FIGS. 13A and 14A).
- the controller 51 causes the pin member 11, the shoulder member 12, and the clamp member 13 as a whole to be bonded with a predetermined pressing force (for example, a predetermined value included in the range of 3 kN to 10 kN).
- a predetermined pressing force for example, a predetermined value included in the range of 3 kN to 10 kN.
- the advance / retreat drive 53 shoulder drive 532 is controlled so as to press the object 60.
- the first member 61 and the second member 62 are sandwiched between the clamp member 13 and the backing member 56, and the contraction of the clamp driver 41 urges the clamp member 13 toward the surface 60c of the article 60 to be joined. , Clamping force is generated.
- the controller 51 drives the advancing / retreating drive 53 so that the tip surface 11a of the pin member 11 is immersed in the tip surface 12a of the shoulder member 12.
- the controller 51 may drive the advance/retreat driver 53 (pin driver 531) so that the pin member 11 moves away from the article 60 to be joined. Further, the controller 51 may drive the advance / retreat drive 53 (shoulder drive 532) so that the shoulder member 12 is press-fitted into the object to be joined 60.
- the softened portion of the object to be joined 60 extends from the first member 61 to the second member 62, and the volume of the plastic flow portion 60a increases. Further, the softened material of the plastic flow part 60 a is pushed away by the shoulder member 12, flows from immediately below the shoulder member 12 to immediately below the pin member 11, and the pin member 11 retreats by that amount, with respect to the shoulder member 12. Float up. Therefore, the upward force F may be applied to the pin member 11.
- the shoulder member 12 is configured such that the material softened by the plastic flow flows in the traveling direction (downward direction) of the shoulder member 12.
- the hooking 66 is formed toward the traveling direction of the shoulder member 12 as shown in the step (3) of FIGS. 13A and 14A.
- step (3) of FIG. 14A when the first member 61 is a member having higher tensile strength than the second member 62, the hooking 66 is formed on the first member 61 side before joining. To be done.
- the controller 51 acquires the position information of the tip portion of the shoulder member 12 from the position detector 33. Next, the controller 51 determines whether or not the position information of the tip portion of the shoulder member 12 acquired in step S104 has reached a predetermined first position set in advance.
- the advance/retreat driver 53 pin The drive unit 531) is driven, or the control unit 51 drives the advance/retreat drive unit 53 (shoulder drive unit 532) so that the shoulder member 12 moves away from the article 60 to be welded.
- the pin member 11 gradually advances toward the article 60 to be joined, and the shoulder member 12 retracts from the article 60 to be joined (see step (4) in FIGS. 13B and 14B).
- the softened portion of the plastic flow portion 60a flows from immediately below the pin member 11 to just below the shoulder member 12 (a concave portion caused by press-fitting of the shoulder member 12).
- the controller 51 controls the advancing / retreating drive 53 to align the tip surface 11a of the pin member 11 and the tip surface 12a of the shoulder member 12 to such an extent that there is almost no step between them (equal to each other).
- the surface 60c of the object to be joined 60 is shaped to obtain a substantially flat surface to the extent that substantially no recesses are formed.
- the controller 51 drives the advance / retreat drive 53 so as to separate the pin member 11, the shoulder member 12, and the clamp member 13 from the object to be joined (step S108), and then the controller 51 rotates.
- the driver 57 is controlled to stop the rotation of the pin member 11 and the shoulder member 12 (see step (6) in FIGS. 13B and 14B), and a series of friction stir point joining (joining step of the object to be joined 60) is performed. To finish.
- the material of the shoulder member 12 softened by the plastic flow is made to flow in the traveling direction (downward direction) of the shoulder member 12. It is configured.
- the hooking 66 is formed in the traveling direction of the shoulder member 12. More specifically, when the pin member 11 moves in the regressing direction, the hooking 66 is slightly pulled in the regressing direction, but is largely pushed in the traveling direction. Therefore, as a whole, the hooking 66 is the shoulder member 12 Is formed in the traveling direction of.
- the orientation of the hooking 66 is determined by the orientation of its tip portion, and even if a portion thereof faces upward, if the tip portion is formed downward, the hooking 66 is formed downward. Judge that there is.
- the bonding strength of the object to be bonded 60 can be increased as compared with the conventional friction stir welding device.
- the tip end portion of the first groove 21 is formed at a position away from the tip end surface of the shoulder member 12 toward the base end portion side.
- the shoulder member 12 is configured such that when the shoulder member 12 travels while rotating in the object to be joined 60, the material softened by the plastic flow flows in the traveling direction of the shoulder member 12.
- the shape is not limited to the above.
- an appropriate concave and / or convex portion may be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the shoulder member 12.
- one portion in the rotational direction of the shoulder member 12 (for example, the front end portion 21a) is compared to another portion in the rotational direction of the shoulder member 12 (for example, the rear end portion 21b). Therefore, it may be formed so as to have an inclined portion located on the base end side of the shoulder member 12. Further, the inclined portion may be formed in a straight line, in a curved shape, or in a stepped shape.
- a second groove is formed on the tip surface of the shoulder member.
- the second groove may be formed such that the bottom surface thereof is inclined.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic view showing a schematic configuration of the friction stir welding point joining device of the first modification in the third embodiment.
- FIG. 16 is a perspective view schematically showing the tip end portion of the shoulder member in the friction stir spot welding device shown in FIG. 15.
- the vertical direction in the figure is represented as the vertical direction in the friction stir welding device.
- the friction stir spot welding apparatus 50 of Modification 1 of the third embodiment has the same basic configuration as the friction stir spot welding apparatus 50 of the third embodiment.
- the difference is that the second groove 22 is formed on the tip surface 12a of the shoulder member 12 so as to extend in the radial direction.
- the second groove 22 is formed so that the bottom surface 22a thereof is inclined.
- the bottom surface 22a is positioned such that the front end portion 221 in the rotation direction of the shoulder member 12 is located on the base end side of the shoulder member 12 as compared with the rear end portion 222 in the rotation direction of the shoulder member 12, It is inclined.
- the material softened by the plastic flow can be flowed in the traveling direction (downward direction) of the shoulder member 12. Therefore, the softened material can be made to flow more in the traveling direction (downward direction) of the shoulder member 12 than in the friction stir spot welding device 50 according to the third embodiment, and as shown in a test example described later, The bonding strength of the object to be welded 60 can be further increased as compared with the friction stir welding point bonding device 50 according to the third embodiment.
- the friction stir spot welding apparatus is a friction stir point welding apparatus for performing a friction stir point welding of objects to be welded each including a first member and a second member.
- the pin member formed in a columnar shape, the shoulder member formed in a cylindrical shape and the pin member inserted therein, and the pin member and the shoulder member are rotated around an axis corresponding to the axis of the pin member.
- a rotary drive and an advance / retreat drive that moves the pin member and the shoulder member along the axis, respectively, are provided, and the shoulder member is softened by plastic flow as the shoulder member advances in the object to be welded.
- the material is configured to flow in the direction of travel of the shoulder member.
- the shoulder member may be configured such that the hooking of the article to be welded is formed in the traveling direction of the shoulder member.
- a second groove may be formed on the tip surface of the shoulder member so as to extend in the radial direction or the chord direction.
- the second groove may be formed so that the bottom surface thereof is inclined.
- the object to be joined according to the fourth embodiment may be one that has been subjected to friction stir point joining by any of the friction stir point joining devices according to the fourth embodiment.
- the first member is configured to have a higher tensile strength than the second member, and the hooking is formed on the side of the first member before joining. May be configured.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic view showing a schematic configuration of the friction stir welding device according to the fourth embodiment.
- FIG. 18 is a perspective view schematically showing the tip portion of the shoulder member in the friction stir spot welding device shown in FIG. In FIG. 17, the vertical direction in the figure is represented as the vertical direction in the friction stir welding device.
- the friction stir spot welding device 50 according to the fourth embodiment has the same basic configuration as the friction stir spot welding device 50 according to the third embodiment, but the first groove In place of 21, the second groove 22 is formed on the tip surface 12a of the shoulder member 12 so as to extend in the radial direction.
- the second groove 22 is formed so that its bottom surface 22a is inclined.
- the bottom surface 22a is positioned such that the front end portion 221 in the rotation direction of the shoulder member 12 is located on the base end side of the shoulder member 12 as compared with the rear end portion 222 in the rotation direction of the shoulder member 12, It is inclined.
- the material softened by the plastic flow can be flowed in the traveling direction (downward direction) of the shoulder member 12. Therefore, the softened material can be made to flow in the traveling direction (downward direction) of the shoulder member 12, and the joining strength of the article 60 to be joined can be further increased as shown in a test example described later.
- the second groove 22 is formed so as to linearly extend in the radial direction, but the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be formed so as to extend locally in the radial direction. Of course, it may be formed to extend linearly or curvedly in the chord direction.
- the friction stir spot welding apparatus is a friction stir spot welding apparatus for performing a friction stir point welding of objects to be welded each including a first member and a second member.
- the pin member formed in a columnar shape, the shoulder member formed in a cylindrical shape and the pin member inserted therein, and the pin member and the shoulder member are rotated around an axis corresponding to the axis of the pin member.
- a rotary drive and an advance / retreat drive that moves the pin member and the shoulder member along the axis, respectively, are provided, and the shoulder member is softened by plastic flow as the shoulder member advances in the object to be welded.
- the material is configured to flow in the receding direction of the shoulder member.
- the shoulder member may be configured such that the hooking of the article to be welded is formed in the retreating direction of the shoulder member.
- a first groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the shoulder member, and the first groove is formed on the rear end side in the rotation direction of the shoulder member. It may be formed so as to be located closer to the base end side of the shoulder member than to the front end side in the rotation direction of the shoulder member.
- the object to be joined according to the fifth embodiment may be one that has been subjected to friction stir point joining by any one of the friction stir point joining devices according to the fifth embodiment.
- the first member is configured to have a higher tensile strength than the second member, and the hooking is formed on the side of the first member before joining. May be configured.
- the object to be welded according to the fifth embodiment is an object to be welded by friction stir point welding by a friction stir point welding device, and the object to be welded includes a first member and a second member, Are formed in the first member before joining.
- FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of the friction stir spot welding device according to the fifth embodiment.
- 20 is a perspective view which shows typically the front-end
- the friction stir spot welding apparatus 50 according to the fifth embodiment has the same basic configuration as the friction stir spot welding apparatus 50 according to the first embodiment, but the shoulder member 12 is used. Have different shapes. Since the control configuration of the friction stir point joining device 50 according to the fifth embodiment is the same as that of the friction stir point joining device 50 according to the first embodiment, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the shoulder member 12 is configured such that the material softened by plastic flow flows in the retreating direction of the shoulder member 12 when the shoulder member 12 advances in the article 60 to be welded ( See FIG. 21A).
- the shoulder member 12 is configured such that the hooking 66 is formed on the object to be joined 60 in the regressive direction of the shoulder member 12.
- the first groove 21 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the shoulder member 12 has a front end portion 21a in the rotation direction of the shoulder member 12 compared to a rear end portion 21b in the rotation direction of the shoulder member 12. Then, it is formed so as to be located on the tip side of the shoulder member. That is, the first groove 21 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the shoulder member 12 so that the front end portion 21a is located on the tip end side and the rear end portion 21b is located on the base end side.
- the plurality of first grooves 21 are formed so as to cover the entire outer peripheral surface of the shoulder member 12, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- one first groove 21 may be formed in a spiral shape so as to cover the entire outer peripheral surface of the shoulder member 12.
- a plurality of concave portions and / or convex portions may be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the shoulder member 12 so as to line up in a straight line.
- the shoulder member 12 is configured so that the material softened by plastic flow flows in the retreating direction of the shoulder member 12 when the shoulder member 12 advances while rotating in the article 60.
- the shape is not limited to the above.
- an appropriate concave and / or convex portion may be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the tip end portion of the shoulder member 12.
- a certain portion (for example, the rear end portion) in the rotation direction of the shoulder member 12 is compared with another portion (for example, the front end portion) in the rotation direction of the shoulder member 12. It may be formed so as to have an inclined portion located on the base end side of the shoulder member 12. Further, the inclined portion may be formed in a straight line, in a curved shape, or in a stepped shape.
- 21A and 21B are process diagrams schematically showing an example of each process of friction stir point joining by the friction stir point joining device shown in FIG.
- the case where two plate-shaped first members 61 and second members 62 are used as the objects to be bonded 60 and they are overlapped and connected by point bonding is taken as an example.
- the first member 61 uses a member having a higher tensile strength than the second member 62 and is placed on the backing member 56.
- FIGS. 21A and 21B a part of the friction stir welding device 50 is omitted, the arrow r indicates the rotation direction of the pin member 11 and the shoulder member 12, and the block arrow F indicates the first member 61 and The direction of the force applied to the second member 62 is shown.
- FIGS. 21A and 21B for convenience of explanation.
- the shoulder member 12 is shaded and hatched in order to clearly distinguish it from the pin member 11 and the clamp member 13.
- an operator places the article 60 on the support surface 56a of the backing member 56. Then, the operator operates the input device 32 to input the joining execution of the object to be joined 60 to the controller 51. The robot 60 may place the article 60 on the support surface 56a of the backing member 56.
- the controller 51 drives the rotation drive 57 to rotate the pin member 11 and the shoulder member 12 at a predetermined first rotation speed (for example, 200 to 3000 rpm) (step 21A). (See (1)).
- the controller 51 drives the advancing/retreating driver 53 (shoulder driver 532) to rotate the pin member 11 and the shoulder member 12, and moves the pin member 11, the shoulder member 12, and the clamp member 13 to each other.
- the tip surface 11a of the pin member 11, the tip surface 12a of the shoulder member 12, and the tip surface 13a of the clamp member 13 are brought close to the article 60 to be joined. It is brought into contact with the surface 60c (see step (2) in FIG. 21A).
- the controller 51 causes the pin member 11, the shoulder member 12, and the clamp member 13 as a whole to be bonded with a predetermined pressing force (for example, a predetermined value included in the range of 3 kN to 10 kN).
- a predetermined pressing force for example, a predetermined value included in the range of 3 kN to 10 kN.
- the advance / retreat drive 53 shoulder drive 532 is controlled so as to press the object 60.
- the first member 61 and the second member 62 are sandwiched between the clamp member 13 and the backing member 56, and the contraction of the clamp driver 41 urges the clamp member 13 toward the surface 60c of the article 60 to be joined. , Clamping force is generated.
- the controller 51 drives the advancing / retreating drive 53 so that the tip surface 11a of the pin member 11 is immersed in the tip surface 12a of the shoulder member 12.
- the controller 51 may drive the advance/retreat driver 53 (pin driver 531) so that the pin member 11 moves away from the article 60 to be joined. Further, the controller 51 may drive the advance / retreat drive 53 (shoulder drive 532) so that the shoulder member 12 is press-fitted into the object to be joined 60.
- the softened portion of the object to be joined 60 extends from the upper first member 61 to the lower second member 62, and the volume of the plastic flow portion 60a increases. To do. Further, the softened material of the plastic flow portion 60a is pushed away by the shoulder member 12 and flows directly under the pin member 11 from directly below the shoulder member 12, so that the pin member 11 retracts and floats with respect to the shoulder member 12.
- the shoulder member 12 is configured such that the material softened by the plastic flow flows in the backward direction (upward direction) of the shoulder member 12. As a result, the hooking 66 is formed in the regressive direction of the shoulder member 12.
- the controller 51 acquires the position information of the tip of the shoulder member 12 from the position detector 33. Next, the controller 51 determines whether or not the position information of the tip end portion of the shoulder member 12 acquired in step S104 has reached a preset first position.
- the advance/retreat driver 53 pin The drive unit 531) is driven, or the control unit 51 drives the advance/retreat drive unit 53 (shoulder drive unit 532) so that the shoulder member 12 moves away from the article 60 to be welded.
- the pin member 11 gradually advances toward the first member 61, and the shoulder member 12 retracts from the first member 61 (see step (4) in FIG. 21B).
- the softened portion of the plastic flow portion 60a flows from immediately below the pin member 11 to just below the shoulder member 12 (a concave portion caused by press-fitting of the shoulder member 12).
- the controller 51 controls the advancing / retreating drive 53 to align the tip surface 11a of the pin member 11 and the tip surface 12a of the shoulder member 12 to such an extent that there is almost no difference in level (equal to each other). 21B (see step (5)).
- the surface 60c of the object to be joined 60 is shaped to obtain a substantially flat surface to the extent that substantially no recesses are formed.
- the controller 51 drives the advance / retreat drive 53 so as to separate the pin member 11, the shoulder member 12, and the clamp member 13 from the object to be joined (step S108), and then the controller 51 rotates.
- the driver 57 is controlled to stop the rotation of the pin member 11 and the shoulder member 12 (see step (6) in FIG. 21B), and end a series of friction stir point joining (joining step of the object to be joined 60).
- the material softened by the plastic flow of the shoulder member 12 flows in the regression direction (upward direction) of the shoulder member 12. It is configured.
- the hooking 66 is formed in the regressive direction of the shoulder member 12, and as shown in a test example described later, the tensile strength is higher than that of the conventional shoulder member 12 in which the first groove 21 is not formed.
- the hooking can be formed high on the large first member 61 side. Therefore, the bonding strength of the object to be bonded 60 can be increased as compared with the conventional friction stir welding device.
- Example 1 The friction stir spot welding apparatus of Example 1 performed the friction stir spot welding by using the friction stir spot welding apparatus 50 according to the third embodiment.
- Example 2 The friction stir spot welding apparatus of Example 2 uses the friction stir spot welding apparatus 50 of the first modification of the third embodiment to perform friction stir spot welding.
- Example 3 The friction stir spot welding apparatus of Example 3 performed the friction stir spot welding by using the friction stir spot welding apparatus 50 according to the fourth embodiment.
- the friction stir point joining device of (Example 4) As the friction stir point joining device of (Example 4), the friction stir point joining was performed by using the friction stir point joining device 50 according to the fifth embodiment.
- Comparative example 1 The friction stir welding device of Comparative Example 1 has the same configuration as the conventional shoulder member 12, and performs friction stir welding by using the shoulder member 12 in which the first groove 21 or the second groove 22 is not provided. did.
- Test result 1 A 1.6 mm aluminum plate (2024-T8) is used as the second member 62, and a 3.0 mm aluminum plate (2024-T3) is used as the first member 61, and the first member 61 is backed by the backing member 56. Then, a cross tension test (JIS Z 3137) was performed on each of the joined objects 60 to be joined by the friction stir spot joining apparatus of Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1 and 2.
- FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional photograph of a friction stir spot welding apparatus using the friction stir spot welding apparatus of Example 1 before a cross tension test is performed, and (B) shows (A). It is a cross-sectional photograph which enlarged the area (B) shown.
- FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional photograph of a friction stir spot welding apparatus using the friction stir spot welding apparatus of Example 1 after a cross tension test, where (B) is shown in (A). It is a cross-sectional photograph which enlarged the region (B).
- FIG. 24 shows the results of a cross tension test and the height of hooking performed on the objects to be friction stir spot welded using the friction stir spot welding devices of Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1 and 2. It is a graph.
- FIG. 24 the result of the cross tension test when the friction stir spot welding apparatus of Comparative Example 1 was used was 100%, and the friction stir spot welding apparatus of Examples 1 and 2 was used. The result of the cross tension test at the time of doing is shown. Further, in FIG. 24, a portion above the contact surface between the first member 61 and the second member 62 is a plus side, and a portion below the contact surface between the first member 61 and the second member 62 is a minus side. , Represents.
- the hooking height becomes ⁇ 121 ⁇ m, and the friction stir point welding apparatus of Example 2 is used.
- the hooking height was -29 ⁇ m.
- the hooking height was 117 ⁇ m.
- the result of friction stir spot welding of the article 60 to be welded using the friction stir spot welding devices of Examples 1 and 2 is the same as that of the friction stir point welding device of Comparative Example 1. It was shown that the bonding strength was improved as compared with the result of friction stir welding of the objects to be bonded 60.
- the joint strength can be increased by configuring the shoulder member 12 so as to form the hooking on the member side having a large tensile strength (in the test result 1, the first member 61 side). It was.
- Test result 2 A 3.0 mm aluminum plate (2024-T3) is used as the second member 62, and a 3.0 mm aluminum plate (2024-T3) is used as the first member 61, and the first member 61 is backed by the backing member 56. Then, a cross tension test (JIS Z 3137) was performed on each of the joined objects 60 to be joined by the friction stir spot joining apparatus of Comparative Example 1 and Example 1.
- FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional photograph of the to-be-joined object which carried out the friction stir spot joining using the friction stir spot joining apparatus of the comparative example 1,
- (A) is a cross section photograph before a cross tension test
- (B) is. 3 is a cross-sectional photograph after a cross tension test. Note that, in FIG. 25A, the vicinity of the hooking portion is enlarged.
- FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional photograph of an object to be welded that has been friction-stir-point-joined using the friction-stir spot welding apparatus of Example 1,
- (A) is a cross-sectional photograph before a cross tension test
- (B) is (B).
- It is a cross-sectional photograph after a cross tensile test.
- (A) the vicinity of the hooking portion is enlarged.
- FIG. 25(A) when friction stir spot welding is performed using the friction stir spot welding apparatus of Comparative Example 1, hooking is formed in the retreating direction of the shoulder member 12 (second member 62 side). Has been done. Further, as shown in FIG. 26(A), when friction stir spot welding is performed using the friction stir spot welding apparatus of the first embodiment, hooking is performed in the traveling direction of the shoulder member 12 (first member 61 side). Is formed in. Then, as shown in FIGS. 25 (B) and 26 (B), it was shown that the member side on which the hooking was formed was broken.
- the first groove 21 is arranged so that the front end portion 21a in the rotation direction of the shoulder member 12 is located closer to the base end side of the shoulder member 12 than the rear end portion 21b in the rotation direction of the shoulder member 12. It is suggested that the hooking can be formed in the traveling direction of the shoulder member 12 by forming the hooking member. In addition, it was suggested that by selecting the shape of the shoulder member 12, it is possible to select a member for breaking the article 60 to be joined.
- Test result 3 A 3.0 mm aluminum plate (2024-T3) is used as the second member 62, and a 3.0 mm aluminum plate (2024-T3) is used as the first member 61, and the first member 61 is backed by the backing member 56. Then, a cross tension test (JIS Z 3137) was performed on each of the joined objects 60 to be joined by the friction stir spot joining apparatus of Example 3 and Comparative Example 1.
- FIG. 27 is a cross-sectional photograph of an object to be welded by friction stir spot welding using the friction stir spot welding apparatus of Example 3, and (B) is a cross-sectional photograph showing an enlarged region (B) shown in (A).
- FIG. 28 is a graph showing the results of a cross tension test performed on the objects to be friction stir spot welded using the friction stir spot welding devices of Comparative Example 1 and Example 3 and the hooking height. is there.
- Test result 4 A 3.0 mm aluminum plate (2024-T3) is used as the second member 62, and a 5.0 mm aluminum plate (2024-T3) is used as the first member 61, and the second member 62 is backed by the backing member 56. Then, a cross tension test (JIS Z 3137) was performed on each of the joined objects 60 to be joined by the friction stir spot joining apparatus of Comparative Example 1 and Example 4.
- FIG. 29 is a cross-sectional photograph of an object to be welded by friction stir spot welding using the friction stir spot welding devices of Comparative Example 1 and Example 4, and (A) shows the friction stir spot welding device of Comparative Example 1. It is a cross-sectional photograph of the to-be-joined object which was friction stir spot welded using, and (B) is a cross-sectional photograph of the to-be-welded object which was friction stir spot welded using the friction stir spot welding apparatus of Example 4.
- FIG. 30 is a graph showing the results of a cross tension test performed on the objects to be friction stir spot welded using the friction stir spot welding devices of Comparative Example 1 and Example 4 and the hooking height. is there.
- the result of the cross tension test when the friction stir spot welding device of Comparative Example 1 was used was 100%, and when the friction stir spot welding was performed using the friction stir spot welding device of Example 4.
- the result of the cross tensile test is shown.
- the object 60 to be welded by friction stir spot welding using the friction stir spot welding apparatus of Example 4 is more frictional than the friction stir spot welding apparatus of Comparative Example 1. It was shown that the height of the hooking 66 was larger than that of the article 60 to be joined by the stirring point joining, and the joining strength was improved.
- the joint strength can be increased by configuring the shoulder member 12 so that the hooking is formed high on the member side having a large tensile strength (in the test result 4, the first member 61 side). It was.
- the friction stir spot welding device of the present invention is useful because it can shorten the welding time as compared with the conventional friction stir spot welding device.
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Abstract
Description
本実施の形態1に係る摩擦攪拌点接合装置は、円柱状に形成されているピン部材と、円筒状に形成され、ピン部材が内部に挿通されているショルダ部材と、ピン部材及びショルダ部材を、ピン部材の軸心に一致する軸線周りに回転させる回転駆動器と、ピン部材及びショルダ部材を、それぞれ軸線に沿って進退移動させる進退駆動器と、を備え、ショルダ部材の外周面の先端部には、ピン部材の軸心方向に沿って延びるように、第1溝が形成されている。
図1は、本実施の形態1に係る摩擦攪拌点接合装置の概略構成を示す模式図である。図2は、図1に示す摩擦攪拌点接合装置におけるショルダ部材の先端部を模式的に示す斜視図である。なお、図1においては、図における上下方向を摩擦攪拌点接合装置における上下方向として表している。
次に、本実施の形態1に係る摩擦攪拌点接合装置50の制御構成について、図3を参照して具体的に説明する。
次に、本実施の形態1に係る摩擦攪拌点接合装置50の動作について、図4、図5A、及び図5Bを参照して具体的に説明する。なお、以下の動作については、制御器51が、記憶器31に格納されているプログラムを読み出すことにより実行される。
Ap・Pp+As・Ps=Tx ・・・ (I)
で定義されるツール平均位置Txの絶対値を小さくするように、進退駆動器53を制御することが好ましく、ツール平均位置Tx=0となるように、進退駆動器53を制御することがより好ましい。なお、ツール平均位置Txの絶対値を小さくする具体的な制御については、特許文献1に詳細に開示されているため、ここでは、その説明を省略する。
次に、本実施の形態1に係る摩擦攪拌点接合装置の変形例について、説明する。
本実施の形態2に係る摩擦攪拌点接合装置は、円柱状に形成されているピン部材と、円筒状に形成され、ピン部材が内部に挿通されているショルダ部材と、ピン部材及びショルダ部材を、ピン部材の軸心に一致する軸線周りに回転させる回転駆動器と、ピン部材及びショルダ部材を、それぞれ軸線に沿って進退移動させる進退駆動器と、を備え、ショルダ部材の先端面には、径方向に延びるように第2溝が形成されている。
図7は、本実施の形態2に係る摩擦攪拌点接合装置の概略構成を示す模式図である。図8は、図7に示す摩擦攪拌点接合装置におけるショルダ部材の先端部を模式的に示す斜視図である。なお、図7においては、図における上下方向を摩擦攪拌点接合装置における上下方向として表している。
次に、実施の形態1及び2に係る摩擦攪拌点接合装置50の試験例について説明する。
試験例1の摩擦攪拌点接合装置50は、ショルダ部材12の先端部の外周面に、第1溝21を設けたものである。具体的には、第1溝21を、ショルダ部材12の先端部の外周面に4カ所設け、第1溝21の幅方向(ショルダ部材12の周方向)の長さ寸法を1.5mmとし、第1溝21の深さ寸法(ショルダ部材12の径方向の長さ寸法)を0.3mmとし、第1溝21の軸線Xr方向の長さ寸法を2.0mmとした。
(試験例2)
試験例2の摩擦攪拌点接合装置50は、ショルダ部材12の先端部の外周面に、第1溝21を設けたものである。具体的には、第1溝21を、ショルダ部材12の先端部の外周面に4カ所設け、第1溝21の幅方向の長さ寸法を0.5mmとし、第1溝21の深さ寸法を0.2mmとし、第1溝21の軸線Xr方向の長さ寸法を1.8mmとした。
(試験例3)
試験例3の摩擦攪拌点接合装置50は、ショルダ部材12の先端部の外周面に、第1溝21を設けたものである。具体的には、第1溝21を、ショルダ部材12の先端部の外周面に8カ所設け、第1溝21の幅方向の長さ寸法を0.5mmとし、第1溝21の深さ寸法を0.2mmとし、第1溝21の軸線Xr方向の長さ寸法を1.8mmとした。
(試験例4)
試験例4の摩擦攪拌点接合装置50は、ショルダ部材12の先端面12aに、第2溝221を設けたものである。具体的には、第2溝22を、ショルダ部材12の先端面12aに4カ所設け、第2溝22の幅方向(ショルダ部材12の周方向)の長さ寸法を1.73mmとし、第2溝22の深さ(軸線Xr方向の長さ)寸法を0.5mmとした。
(比較例)
比較例の摩擦攪拌点接合装置50は、従来のショルダ部材12と同様の構成であり、第1溝21又は第2溝22が設けられていないショルダ部材12を用いた。
(試験結果)
そして、比較例及び試験例1~4の摩擦攪拌点接合装置50を用いて、第1部材61、第2部材62として、厚み寸法が2.0mmのアルミニウム板を用いて、摩擦攪拌点接合を実行し、接合時間を測定した。
本実施の形態3に係る摩擦攪拌点接合装置は、第1部材と第2部材から構成される被接合物を摩擦攪拌点接合する摩擦攪拌点接合装置であって、摩擦攪拌点接合装置は、ピン部材と、中空状に形成され、ピン部材が内部に挿通されているショルダ部材と、ピン部材及びショルダ部材を、それぞれの長手方向に延びる軸線周りに回転させる回転駆動器と、ピン部材及びショルダ部材を、それぞれ軸線に沿って進退移動させる進退駆動器と、を備え、ショルダ部材は、当該ショルダ部材が被接合物内を回転しながら進行するときに、塑性流動により軟化した材料が、ショルダ部材の進行方向に流動するように構成されている。
図11は、本実施の形態3に係る摩擦攪拌点接合装置の概略構成を示す模式図である。図12は、図11に示す摩擦攪拌点接合装置におけるショルダ部材の先端部を模式的に示す斜視図である。なお、図11においては、図における上下方向を摩擦攪拌点接合装置における上下方向として表している。
次に、本実施の形態3に係る摩擦攪拌点接合装置50の動作について、図11~図14Bを参照して具体的に説明する。なお、以下の動作については、制御器51が、記憶器31に格納されているプログラムを読み出すことにより実行される。
次に、本実施の形態3に係る摩擦攪拌点接合装置50の変形例について、説明する。
本実施の形態4に係る摩擦攪拌点接合装置は、第1部材と第2部材から構成される被接合物を摩擦攪拌点接合する摩擦攪拌点接合装置であって、摩擦攪拌点接合装置は、円柱状に形成されているピン部材と、円筒状に形成され、ピン部材が内部に挿通されているショルダ部材と、ピン部材及びショルダ部材を、ピン部材の軸心に一致する軸線周りに回転させる回転駆動器と、ピン部材及びショルダ部材を、それぞれ軸線に沿って進退移動させる進退駆動器と、を備え、ショルダ部材は、当該ショルダ部材が被接合物内を進行するときに、塑性流動により軟化した材料が、ショルダ部材の進行方向に流動するように構成されている。
本実施の形態5に係る摩擦攪拌点接合装置は、第1部材と第2部材から構成される被接合物を摩擦攪拌点接合する摩擦攪拌点接合装置であって、摩擦攪拌点接合装置は、円柱状に形成されているピン部材と、円筒状に形成され、ピン部材が内部に挿通されているショルダ部材と、ピン部材及びショルダ部材を、ピン部材の軸心に一致する軸線周りに回転させる回転駆動器と、ピン部材及びショルダ部材を、それぞれ軸線に沿って進退移動させる進退駆動器と、を備え、ショルダ部材は、当該ショルダ部材が被接合物内を進行するときに、塑性流動により軟化した材料が、ショルダ部材の退行方向に流動するように構成されている。
図19は、本実施の形態5に係る摩擦攪拌点接合装置の概略構成を示す模式図である。図20は、図19に示す摩擦攪拌点接合装置におけるショルダ部材の先端部を模式的に示す斜視図である。なお、図19においては、図における上下方向を摩擦攪拌点接合装置における上下方向として表している。
次に、本実施の形態5に係る摩擦攪拌点接合装置50の動作について、図19~図21Bを参照して具体的に説明する。なお、以下の動作については、制御器51が、記憶器31に格納されているプログラムを読み出すことにより実行される。
次に、実施の形態3(変形例1を含む)~5に係る摩擦攪拌点接合装置50の実施例について説明する。
実施例1の摩擦攪拌点接合装置は、実施の形態3に係る摩擦攪拌点接合装置50を用いて、摩擦攪拌点接合を実行した。
実施例2の摩擦攪拌点接合装置は、実施の形態3における変形例1の摩擦攪拌点接合装置50を用いて、摩擦攪拌点接合を実行した。
実施例3の摩擦攪拌点接合装置は、実施の形態4に係る摩擦攪拌点接合装置50を用いて、摩擦攪拌点接合を実行した。
比較例1の摩擦攪拌点接合装置は、従来のショルダ部材12と同様の構成であり、第1溝21又は第2溝22が設けられていないショルダ部材12を用いて、摩擦攪拌点接合を実行した。
第2部材62として、1.6mmのアルミニウム板(2024-T8)を用い、第1部材61として、3.0mmのアルミニウム板(2024-T3)を用いて、第1部材61を裏当て部材56に載置させ、比較例1及び実施例1、2の摩擦攪拌点接合装置により、接合した被接合物60に対して、それぞれ、十字引張試験(JIS Z 3137)を実行した。
第2部材62として、3.0mmのアルミニウム板(2024-T3)を用い、第1部材61として、3.0mmのアルミニウム板(2024-T3)を用いて、第1部材61を裏当て部材56に載置させ、比較例1及び実施例1の摩擦攪拌点接合装置により、接合した被接合物60に対して、それぞれ、十字引張試験(JIS Z 3137)を実行した。
第2部材62として、3.0mmのアルミニウム板(2024-T3)を用い、第1部材61として、3.0mmのアルミニウム板(2024-T3)を用いて、第1部材61を裏当て部材56に載置させ、実施例3及び比較例1の摩擦攪拌点接合装置により、接合した被接合物60に対して、それぞれ、十字引張試験(JIS Z 3137)を実行した。
第2部材62として、3.0mmのアルミニウム板(2024-T3)を用い、第1部材61として、5.0mmのアルミニウム板(2024-T3)を用いて、第2部材62を裏当て部材56に載置させ、比較例1及び実施例4の摩擦攪拌点接合装置により、接合した被接合物60に対して、それぞれ、十字引張試験(JIS Z 3137)を実行した。
11a 先端面
12 ショルダ部材
12a 先端面
13 クランプ部材
13a 先端面
21 第1溝
21a 前端部
21b 後端部
22 第2溝
31 記憶器
32 入力器
33 位置検出器
41 クランプ駆動器
50 摩擦攪拌点接合装置
51 制御器
52 工具固定器
53 進退駆動器
55 裏当て支持部
56 裏当て部材
56a 支持面
57 回転駆動器
60 被接合物
60a 塑性流動部
60b 被接合部
60c 表面
61 第1部材
62 第2部材
65 内壁面
66 フッキング
221 前端部
222 後端部
521 回転工具固定器
522 クランプ固定器
531 ピン駆動器
532 ショルダ駆動器
Xr 軸線
Claims (16)
- 円柱状に形成されているピン部材と、
円筒状に形成され、前記ピン部材が内部に挿通されているショルダ部材と、
前記ピン部材及び前記ショルダ部材を、前記ピン部材の軸心に一致する軸線周りに回転させる回転駆動器と、
前記ピン部材及び前記ショルダ部材を、それぞれ前記軸線に沿って進退移動させる進退駆動器と、を備え、
前記ショルダ部材の外周面の先端部には、前記ピン部材の軸心方向に沿って延びるように第1溝が形成されている、摩擦攪拌点接合装置。 - 前記ショルダ部材の先端面には、径方向に延びるように第2溝が形成されている、請求項1に記載の摩擦攪拌点接合装置。
- 円柱状に形成されているピン部材と、
円筒状に形成され、前記ピン部材が内部に挿通されているショルダ部材と、
前記ピン部材及び前記ショルダ部材を、前記ピン部材の軸心に一致する軸線周りに回転させる回転駆動器と、
前記ピン部材及び前記ショルダ部材を、それぞれ前記軸線に沿って進退移動させる進退駆動器と、を備え、
前記ショルダ部材の先端面には、径方向に延びるように第2溝が形成されている、摩擦攪拌点接合装置。 - 第1部材と第2部材から構成される被接合物を摩擦攪拌点接合する摩擦攪拌点接合装置であって、
前記摩擦攪拌点接合装置は、
ピン部材と、
中空状に形成され、前記ピン部材が内部に挿通されているショルダ部材と、
前記ピン部材及び前記ショルダ部材を、それぞれの長手方向に延びる軸線周りに回転させる回転駆動器と、
前記ピン部材及び前記ショルダ部材を、それぞれ前記軸線に沿って進退移動させる進退駆動器と、を備え、
前記ショルダ部材は、当該ショルダ部材が前記被接合物内を回転しながら進行するときに、塑性流動により軟化した材料が、前記ショルダ部材の進行方向又は前記ショルダ部材の退行方向に流動するように構成されている、摩擦攪拌点接合装置。 - 前記ショルダ部材は、前記被接合物のフッキングが前記ショルダ部材の進行方向又は前記ショルダ部材の退行方向に向かって形成されるように構成されている、請求項4に記載の摩擦攪拌点接合装置。
- 前記第1部材は、前記第2部材よりも引張強度が大きくなるように構成されていて、
前記ショルダ部材は、前記被接合物のフッキングが接合前の前記第1部材側に形成されるように構成されている、請求項4又は5に記載の摩擦攪拌点接合装置。 - 前記ショルダ部材の外周面には、当該ショルダ部材の回転方向におけるある部分が、前記ショルダ部材の回転方向における他の部分に比して、前記ショルダ部材の基端側に位置する、傾斜部を有する凹部及び/又は凸部が形成されている、請求項4~6のいずれか一項に記載の摩擦攪拌接合装置。
- 前記ショルダ部材の先端部の外周面には、第1溝が形成されていて、
前記第1溝は、前記ショルダ部材の回転方向における前端側が、前記ショルダ部材の回転方向における後端側に比して、前記ショルダ部材の基端側に位置するように形成されている、請求項4~6のいずれか1項に記載の摩擦攪拌点接合装置。 - 前記ショルダ部材の先端部の外周面には、第1溝が形成されていて、
前記第1溝は、前記ショルダ部材の回転方向における後端側が、前記ショルダ部材の回転方向における前端側に比して、前記ショルダ部材の基端側に位置するように形成されている、請求項4~6のいずれか1項に記載の摩擦攪拌点接合装置。 - 前記第1溝は、その先端部が前記ショルダ部材の外周面の先端から基端部側に離れた位置に形成されている、請求項7~9のいずれか1項に記載の摩擦攪拌点接合装置。
- 前記ショルダ部材の先端面には、径方向又は弦方向に延びるように、第2溝が形成されている、請求項4~10のいずれか1項に記載の摩擦攪拌点接合装置。
- 前記第2溝は、その底面が傾斜するように形成されている、請求項11に記載の摩擦攪拌点接合装置。
- 請求項4~12のいずれか1項に記載の摩擦攪拌点接合装置により、摩擦攪拌点接合された、被接合物。
- 摩擦攪拌点接合装置により摩擦攪拌点接合された被接合物であって、
前記被接合物は、第1部材と第2部材から構成され、
フッキングが、前記第1部材内に形成されている、又は前記第2部材内に形成されている、被接合物。 - 前記第1部材は、前記第2部材よりも引張強度が大きくなるように構成されていて、
前記フッキングは接合前の前記第1部材側で形成されるように構成されている、請求項14に記載の被接合物。 - 外周面に、回転方向におけるある部分が、前記回転方向における他の部分に比して、基端側に位置するように傾斜部を有する凹部及び/又は凸部が形成されている、ショルダ部材。
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