WO2020164248A1 - 一种硅橡胶配方及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种硅橡胶配方及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2020164248A1
WO2020164248A1 PCT/CN2019/111761 CN2019111761W WO2020164248A1 WO 2020164248 A1 WO2020164248 A1 WO 2020164248A1 CN 2019111761 W CN2019111761 W CN 2019111761W WO 2020164248 A1 WO2020164248 A1 WO 2020164248A1
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parts
silicone rubber
carbon black
hours
stir
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French (fr)
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李亚军
刘法忠
周忠义
张刚强
席菲菲
祁登权
徐文皓
星守疆
姜雪迪
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重庆泰山电缆有限公司
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend

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  • the invention relates to the field of cables, in particular to a silicone rubber formula and a preparation method thereof.
  • the existing cable water resistance mainly relies on adding a waterproof layer to prevent water from penetrating into the cable insulation layer through the sheath.
  • the radial waterproofing is to prevent water from penetrating into the cable
  • the longitudinal waterproofing is how to prevent the longitudinal diffusion of water inside the cable after the radial waterproofing fails. If the longitudinal waterproof effect is not good, it will cause a large section of cable or even the entire cable to be scrapped, and in serious cases, it will cause a large-scale power outage, which will bring immeasurable indirect losses.
  • Water blocking materials on the market mainly include foreign petroleum paste and domestic filling paste, hot melt adhesive and water blocking tape. From the perspective of the characteristics of water blocking materials, the above materials can be divided into two categories: one is static passive water blocking, such as water blocking filling paste and hot melt adhesive, etc. This type of water blocking material uses itself and the cable core and protection The contact sealing property of the sleeve can prevent moisture from flowing inside the cable.
  • the first is the price problem.
  • the high price of the water-blocking tape will increase the production cost of the cable;
  • the technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a silicone rubber formula and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problems of poor water blocking effect and applicability of existing water blocking materials.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a silicone rubber formulation, which comprises the following parts by weight of raw materials: 100 parts of vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, and 30 to 30 parts of reinforcing agent. 100 parts, 2-11 parts of additives.
  • the vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane has a viscosity of 100,000 to 200,000 mPa ⁇ s.
  • the reinforcing agent is one to three of white carbon black, spherical silica powder, nano silica and conductive carbon black.
  • the white carbon black is vapor-phase white carbon black or precipitated white carbon black subjected to silazane surface treatment, and the specific surface area of the white carbon black is 150-300 m 2 / g.
  • the particle size of the spherical fine silicon powder is 1000-5000 mesh.
  • the particle size of the nano-silica is 6-15 nanometers.
  • the conductive carbon black is granular conductive carbon black.
  • the auxiliary agent is 1 to 3 of hydroxy silicone oil, dimethyl diethoxy silane, dimethyl dimethoxy silane, hexamethyl disilazane, and modified polyether silicone oil.
  • hydroxy silicone oil dimethyl diethoxy silane, dimethyl dimethoxy silane, hexamethyl disilazane, and modified polyether silicone oil.
  • a method for preparing silicone rubber includes the following steps:
  • the viscosity of 100 parts of vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane is 150,000 mPa.s
  • the reinforcing agent is composed of 20 parts of gas phase process white with a specific surface area of 200 m 2 /g Carbon black, 5 parts of nano-silica with a particle size of 30 nanometers and 25 parts of conductive carbon black
  • the auxiliary agent is composed of 2 parts of hydroxy silicone oil, 3 parts of dimethyldiethoxysilane and 6 parts of dimethyl bis Composition of methoxysilane;
  • step 2) after the raw materials are stirred into a dough, they are heated to 160° C., and the stirring is continued for 2 to 5 hours;
  • step 3 after vacuuming to -0.1MPa, stirring for 5 hours to obtain a black base material, and cooling to room temperature;
  • step 4 100 parts of black base material, 5 parts of conductive carbon black and 1 part of modified polyether silicone oil are added to the planetary disperser, and the rotation speed is maintained at 500 rpm and stirred for 2.5 hours.
  • the silicone rubber prepared by the above formula or method is paste-like at room temperature, has good thixotropy, and does not flow under the action of no external force; the viscosity is in the range of 200,000 to 300,000 mPa.s Inside, it can be squeezed and adhered to the surface of the conductor. It will not be cured and will not dry for a long time.
  • the longitudinal water resistance of the cable with 4MPa water pressure resistance. Once water enters the conductor, the rubber compound absorbs energy through deformation. It prevents water from entering the inside of the conductor, effectively improving the water resistance of silicone rubber in the cable; it can withstand 100°C, 24 hours of thermal aging.
  • the test instrument is a rotational viscometer NDJ-85, and the viscosity test of the silicone rubber of the embodiment of the present invention is performed with reference to the standard GB 10247-88.
  • the test instrument is a cable water tightness withstand voltage tester. Refer to the standard GB/T 31489.1-2015 to perform the water tightness test of the silicone rubber in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the test instrument is a rubber density tester MT-200, and the density test of the silicone rubber in the embodiment of the present invention is performed with reference to the standard ASTM D297-93.
  • the surface volume resistivity test instrument is an insulation resistance tester PC40B, and the surface volume resistivity test of the silicone rubber in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out with reference to the standard GB/T3048-2007.
  • a silicone rubber formula prepared from the following parts by weight of raw materials: 100 parts of vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane with a viscosity of 50,000 mPa.s, 20 parts of fumed silica with a specific surface area of 200 m 2 /g, 20 parts Parts of conductive carbon black, 2 parts of hydroxy silicone oil, 5 parts of dimethyldimethoxysilane, 10 parts of 2000 mesh spherical silicon powder, 0.5 parts of modified polyether silicone oil.
  • the vapor-phase method white carbon black is a vapor-phase white carbon black subjected to silazane surface treatment.
  • vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane is used as the basic raw material, and a reinforcing agent (such as: white carbon black, spherical silica powder, nanometer) is added to the vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane.
  • a reinforcing agent such as: white carbon black, spherical silica powder, nanometer
  • Silicone rubber is made of materials such as silicon dioxide and conductive carbon black. Since the hydroxyl groups on the surface of the reinforcing agent are incompatible with silicone oil, the silicone rubber has a certain degree of thixotropy, making the prepared silicone rubber in the form of a black paste.
  • vinyl dimethicone since the embodiment of the present invention only contains vinyl dimethicone without catalyst and crosslinking agent, vinyl dimethicone has almost no catalyst and crosslinking agent. It will react and will not volatilize, so the silicone rubber of the embodiment of the present invention will not be cured for a long time and will not dry out.
  • the silicone rubber in the embodiment of the present invention is a paste-like liquid silicone rubber with excellent thixotropy, which can be completely filled into the internal parts of the cable by extrusion during the process of forming the cable.
  • the silicone rubber material can be evenly dispersed inside the cable.
  • the external force acts on the silicone rubber material, causing the silicone rubber material to be deformed.
  • the internal structure of the cable itself is filled with silicone rubber.
  • the hydrophobic material can prevent water from entering the inside of the cable.
  • the embodiment of the present invention solves the problem of water blocking failure caused by the incomplete filling of the water blocking tape and the delayed expansion of water. Therefore, The embodiment of the invention effectively improves the water resistance of the silicone rubber in the cable.
  • a method for preparing silicone rubber includes the following steps:
  • the vapor-phase method white carbon black is a vapor-phase white carbon black subjected to silazane surface treatment.
  • a method for preparing silicone rubber includes the following steps:
  • a silicone rubber formula prepared from the following raw materials by weight: 100 parts of vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane with a viscosity of 150,000 mPa.s, 20 parts of fumed silica with a specific surface area of 200m 2 /g, 5 Parts of nano-silica with a particle size of 30 nanometers, 30 parts of conductive carbon black, 2 parts of hydroxy silicone oil, 3 parts of dimethyldiethoxysilane, 6 parts of dimethyldimethoxysilane and 1 part of modified poly Ether silicone oil.
  • the vapor-phase method white carbon black is a vapor-phase white carbon black subjected to silazane surface treatment.
  • a method for preparing silicone rubber includes the following steps:
  • Table 1 is a summary of the formulations of Examples 1-3 and the existing comparative experimental group.
  • Table 2 is a summary of the preparation methods of Examples 1-3 and the existing comparative experimental group preparation methods
  • Table 3 shows the performance parameters of silicone rubber obtained in Examples 1-3 and the existing comparative experimental group
  • the embodiment of the present invention is specifically designed to increase the temperature in step 2) during the processing process. , The stirring time is reduced. In the original process, the stirring time in step 2) is at least 4-5 hours. The embodiment of the present invention improves the process to increase the stirring temperature, shorten the stirring time to 2.5-3 hours, and improve the stirring efficiency And the production efficiency of silicone rubber, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost of the cable.
  • the embodiment of the present invention has high viscosity and good adhesion and sealing with conductors, so the water tightness after cable formation is relatively high.
  • Example 1 uses a lower viscosity.
  • the obtained silicone rubber has a low viscosity of vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, and part of the silicone rubber penetrates into the cladding layer to form a cavity.
  • the water tightness test is water seepage.
  • the silicone rubber obtained in Example 2 has high viscosity and good water tightness, and no water seepage occurs under a water pressure of 2 MPa.
  • the silicone rubber obtained in Example 3 has high viscosity, no leakage, good adhesion to the conductor, and no water seepage occurs under a water pressure of 4 MPa.
  • the silicone rubber prepared by the above formula or method is paste-like at room temperature, has good thixotropy, and will not flow under the action of no external force; the viscosity is in the range of 200,000 to 300,000 mPa.s, and it can be extruded and attached to the surface of the conductor. , Adheres to the surface of the conductor, does not solidify, and will not dry for a long time; the longitudinal water resistance of the cable with 4MPa water pressure resistance, once water enters the conductor, the rubber material interacts through deformation and energy absorption to prevent water from entering the inside of the conductor, which is effective Improve the water resistance of silicone rubber in the cable; it can withstand 100 °C, 24 hours of thermal aging.

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
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Abstract

一种硅橡胶配方及其制备方法，所述硅橡胶包括下列重量份配比的原料制成，端乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷100份、补强剂30～100份和助剂2～11份。

Description

一种硅橡胶配方及其制备方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请基于申请号为201910109449.4、申请日为2019年2月11日的中国专利申请提出，并要求该中国专利申请的优先权，该中国专利申请的全部内容在此引入本申请作为参考。
技术领域
本发明涉及电缆领域，特别是涉及一种硅橡胶配方及其制备方法。
背景技术
现有的电缆阻水主要依靠增加防水层，来防止水分透过护套渗入电缆绝缘层。但若要实现电缆的全面阻水，需要考虑径向防水和纵向防水，其中径向防水就是防止水分渗入电缆内部，纵向防水就是在径向防水失效后，如何防止水在电缆内部的纵向扩散。如果纵向防水效果不佳，将会造成一大段电缆乃至整根电缆的报废，严重的还会造成大面积停电，带来不可估量的间接损失。
针对电缆纵向阻水，目前较通用的方法是——在绞线时，在各层绞线之间填充疏水材料或阻水材料。市场上的阻水材料主要包括国外的石油膏和国内的填充膏、热熔胶及阻水带等。从阻水材料特点来看，可将上述材料分为两类：一类是静态被动阻水，如阻水填充膏和热熔胶等，该类阻水材料利用其自身与电缆线芯及护套接触密封性达到阻止水分在电缆内部流动的效果，但是该类材料生产工艺复杂，生产效率低且使用填充膏会给施工带来很大的不便；另一类是主动吸水并迅速膨胀，从而达到阻断水分在电缆内的流动，常见的这类材料有阻水带和阻水纱，这类材料刚好可以克 服上述静态被动阻水材料存在的问题，但是该类材料也存在一些其他问题，主要体现在以下几方面：
一是价格问题，阻水带价格高，会提高电缆的生产成本；
二是不适用于无缝结构的异形导体；
三是不适用于大截面的多芯电缆，大截面线芯之间的间隙大，用阻水带进行填充时，无法完全填充，可能会因为吸水膨胀不及时而造成阻水失败；
四是阻水效果较差，现有的阻水带一般在2MPa水压的情况就会出现渗水；
因此本领域技术人员致力于开发一种能够提升电缆阻水性的阻水材料。
发明内容
有鉴于现有技术的上述缺陷，本发明实施例所要解决的技术问题是提供一种硅橡胶配方及其制备方法，解决了现有阻水材料阻水效果以及适用性较差的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明实施例提供了一种硅橡胶配方，所述硅橡胶包括下列重量份配比的原料制成：端乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷100份，补强剂30～100份，助剂2～11份。
一种实现方式中，所述端乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷粘度为100000～200000mPa.s。
一种实现方式中，所述补强剂为白炭黑、球形硅微粉、纳米二氧化硅和导电炭黑中的1～3种。
为了便于原料的混合，进一步提高硅橡胶的强度，所述白炭黑为经过硅氮烷表面处理的气相白炭黑或沉淀白炭黑，所述白炭黑的比表面积为150～300m 2/g。
为了提高球形硅微粉的补强效果，所述球形硅微粉粒径为1000～5000目。
为了提高纳米二氧化硅的补强效果，所述纳米二氧化硅粒径为6～15纳米。
为了防止导电炭黑的在生产加工过程中污染环境，所述导电炭黑为颗粒状导电炭黑。
一种实现方式中，所述助剂为羟基硅油、二甲基二乙氧基硅烷、二甲基二甲氧基硅烷、六甲基二硅氮烷和改性聚醚硅油中的1～3种。
一种硅橡胶的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)按质量组份计，将100份粘度为100000～200000mPa.s的端乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷、30～100份补强剂和2～10份助剂加入捏合机中搅拌；
2)待原材料搅拌成团后，加热升温至70～170℃，继续搅拌2～5小时；
3)抽真空至-0.04～0.1MPa后，搅拌，得到黑色基料，降温至室温；
4)将所述黑色基料、10～30份补强剂、1～3份助剂加入行星分散机中，常温搅拌1～5小时。
一种实现方式中，所述步骤1)中，100份端乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷的粘度为150000mPa.s；所述补强剂由20份比表面积200m 2/g的气相法白炭黑、5份粒径为30纳米的纳米二氧化硅和25份导电炭黑组成；所述助剂由2份羟基硅油、3份二甲基二乙氧基硅烷和6份二甲基二甲氧基硅烷组成；
所述步骤2)中，待原材料搅拌成团后，加热升温至160℃，继续搅拌2～5小时；
所述步骤3)中，抽真空至-0.1MPa后，搅拌5小时，得到黑色基料，降温至室温；
所述步骤4)中，将100份黑色基料、5份导电炭黑和1份改性聚醚硅油加入行星分散机中，保持转速500rpm，搅拌2.5小时。
本发明实施例的有益效果是：通过上述配方或者方法制得的硅橡胶常温下为膏状，具有良好的触变性，在无外力的作用下，不会流淌；黏度在200000～300000mPa.s范围内，能够挤压附着于导体表面，粘附于导体表面，不固化，长时间也不会干；具有耐4MPa水压的电缆纵向阻水性，一旦有水进入导体，胶料通过形变吸能相互作用，阻止水进入导体内部，有效提高了硅橡胶在电缆中的阻水性；能承受100℃、24小时的热老化。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实现对本发明实施例作进一步说明。
本发明的实施例中有关数据的测试方法如下：
粘度测试，测试仪器为旋转粘度计NDJ-85，参照标准GB 10247-88进行本发明实施例的硅橡胶的粘度测试。
水密性测试，测试仪器为电缆水密耐压测试仪，参照标准GB/T 31489.1-2015进行本发明实施例的硅橡胶的水密性测试。
密度测试，测试仪器为橡胶密度测试仪MT-200，参照标准ASTM D297-93进行本发明实施例的硅橡胶的密度测试。
表面体积电阻率，测试仪器为绝缘电阻测试仪PC40B，参照标准GB/T3048-2007进行本发明实施例的硅橡胶的表面体积电阻率测试。
实施例1
一种硅橡胶配方，由如下重量份的原材料制备而成：100份粘度50000mPa.s的端乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷、20份比表面积200m 2/g的气相法白炭黑、20份导电炭黑、2份羟基硅油、5份二甲基二甲氧基硅烷、10份2000目球形硅微粉、0.5份改性聚醚硅油。其中，所述气相法白炭黑为经过硅氮烷表面处理的气相白炭黑。
本发明实施例以端乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷作为基础原材料，并通过在端乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷中添加了补强剂(如：白炭黑、球形硅微粉、纳 米二氧化硅和导电炭黑)等材料制成，由于上述补强剂中表面的羟基与硅油不相容，因此硅橡胶具有了一定的触变性，使得制备的硅橡胶呈黑色膏状。此外，由于本发明实施例中只含有乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷，不含催化剂与交联剂，而乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷在没有催化剂与交联剂的情况下几乎不会发生反应，也不会挥发，故本发明实施例的硅橡胶长时间也不会固化，也不会变干。
因此本发明实施例的硅橡胶是一种膏状的触变性极佳的液态硅橡胶，可以在成缆过程中通过挤压完全填充到电缆内部各部分，当无水的时候或者无外力作用下，硅橡胶材料能均匀分散到电缆内部，当有水进来时，外力作用到硅橡胶材料上，引起硅橡胶材料受力变形，而电缆内部结构本身被硅橡胶充满了，再由于硅橡胶材料是疏水型材料，就能阻止水进入电缆内部，本发明实施例相较于现有阻水带而言，解决了阻水带因为无法完全填充以及吸水膨胀不及时而造成阻水失效的问题，因此本发明实施例有效提高了硅橡胶在电缆中的阻水性。
一种硅橡胶的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)按质量组份计，将100份粘度为50000mPa.s的端乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷、由20份比表面积200m 2/g的气相法白炭黑、20份导电炭黑和2份羟基硅油组成的补强剂以及5份二甲基二甲氧基硅烷作为助剂加入捏合机中搅拌；
2)待原材料搅拌成大团后，加热升温至160℃，继续搅拌3小时；
3)抽真空至-0.08MPa后，搅拌4小时，得到黑色基料，降温至室温；
4)将100份黑色基料、10份2000目球形硅微粉作为补强剂，和将0.5份改性聚醚硅油作为助剂，加入行星分散机中，保持转速500rpm，常温搅拌2小时。
实施例2
一种硅橡胶配方，由如下重量份的原材料制备而成：100份粘度100000mPa.s的端乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷、20份比表面积300m 2/g的气相法白炭黑、10份粒径为30纳米的纳米二氧化硅、20份导电炭黑、2份羟基硅油、2份二甲基二乙氧基硅烷、5份二甲基二甲氧基硅烷、15份粒径2000目球形硅微粉和1份改性聚醚硅油。其中，所述气相法白炭黑为经过硅氮烷表面处理的气相白炭黑。
一种硅橡胶制备的方法，包括以下步骤：
1)按质量组份计，将：100份粘度为100000mPa.s的端乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷，由20份比表面积300m 2/g的气相法白炭黑、10份粒径为30纳米的纳米二氧化硅和20份导电炭黑组成的补强剂，以及由2份羟基硅油、2份二甲基二乙氧基硅烷和5份二甲基二甲氧基硅烷组成的助剂，加入捏合机中搅拌；
2)待原材料搅拌成大团后，加热升温至160℃，继续搅拌3小时；
3)抽真空至-0.08MPa后，搅拌4小时，得到黑色基料，降温至室温；
4)将100份黑色基料、15份粒径为2000目球形硅微粉作为补强剂和1份改性聚醚硅油作为助剂加入行星分散机中，保持转速500rpm，常温搅拌2.5小时。
实施例3
一种硅橡胶配方，由如下重量份的原材料制备而成：100份粘度150000mPa.s的端乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷、20份比表面积200m 2/g的气相法白炭黑、5份粒径为30纳米的纳米二氧化硅、30份导电炭黑、2份羟基硅油、3份二甲基二乙氧基硅烷、6份二甲基二甲氧基硅烷和1份改性聚醚硅油。其中，所述气相法白炭黑为经过硅氮烷表面处理的气相白炭黑。
一种硅橡胶的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
1)按质量组份计，将：100份粘度为150000mPa.s的端乙烯基聚二甲 基硅氧烷，由20份比表面积200m 2/g的气相法白炭黑、5份粒径为30纳米的纳米二氧化硅和30份导电炭黑组成的补强剂，以及由2份羟基硅油、3份二甲基二乙氧基硅烷、6份二甲基二甲氧基硅烷组成的助剂加入捏合机中搅拌；
2)待原材料搅拌成大团后，加热升温至160℃，继续搅拌2.5小时；
3)抽真空至-0.1MPa后，搅拌5小时，得到黑色基料，降温至室温；
4)将100份黑色基料、5份导电炭黑作为补强剂，和将1份改性聚醚硅油作为助剂，加入行星分散机中，保持转速500rpm，常温搅拌2.5小时。
表1 为实施例1-3的配方以及现有对比实验组的配方汇总。
Figure PCTCN2019111761-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2019111761-appb-000002
表2 为实施例1-3制备方法以及现有对比实验组制备方法汇总
Figure PCTCN2019111761-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2019111761-appb-000004
表3 为实施例1-3以及现有对比实验组中所得硅橡胶的性能参数
Figure PCTCN2019111761-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2019111761-appb-000006
从实施例1、2和3的外观来看，本发明实施例的外观均呈现黑色膏状，且不会固化，相比于对比实验组1和2中固体硅橡胶而言，具有极好的接触变形性，通过适当的外力作用即可涂覆于异形导体外表面以及填充在大截面线芯的间隙之间，因此适用于异形导体表面和大截面线芯电缆。
另外，由于是膏状，因此注塑工艺简单，只需挤出涂覆，又由于粘度较高，因此与导体的粘接性能均比较高，粘接良好，提高了硅橡胶的阻水性，也降低了工艺成本。另外本发明实施例中采用的原材料均较为便宜，因此从材质采购上就节约了制造硅橡胶的成本，同时本发明实施例在加工工艺过程中，具体的在步骤2)中通过提升温度的方式，减少了搅拌时间，原来工艺过程中在步骤2)中搅拌时间至少4-5小时，本发明实施例通过工艺改进，提升了搅拌温度，将搅拌时间缩短为2.5-3小时，提高了搅拌效率以及硅橡胶的制备效率，进而降低了电缆的制造成本。
最后，本发明实施例由于粘度较高，与导体粘接密封性良好，因此其成缆后的水密性较高，但是对比实施例1和实施例2可知，实施例1由于采用了粘度较低的端乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷，得到的硅橡胶粘度较低，部分硅橡胶渗入饶包层形成空洞，水密性测试渗水。实施例2得到的硅橡胶粘度较高，水密性良好，在2MPa水压下，无渗水出现。另外，实施例3得到的硅橡胶粘度高、不渗漏、与导体粘结性良好，在4MPa水压下，无渗水出现。
以上详细描述了本发明的较佳具体实施例。应当理解，本领域的普通 技术人员无需创造性劳动就可以根据本发明的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此，凡本技术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。
工业实用性
通过上述配方或者方法制得的硅橡胶常温下为膏状，具有良好的触变性，在无外力的作用下，不会流淌；黏度在200000～300000mPa.s范围内，能够挤压附着于导体表面，粘附于导体表面，不固化，长时间也不会干；具有耐4MPa水压的电缆纵向阻水性，一旦有水进入导体，胶料通过形变吸能相互作用，阻止水进入导体内部，有效提高了硅橡胶在电缆中的阻水性；能承受100℃、24小时的热老化。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种硅橡胶配方，所述硅橡胶包括下列重量份配比的原料制成：端乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷100份，补强剂30～100份，助剂2～11份。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的硅橡胶配方，其中，所述端乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷粘度为100000～200000mPa.s。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的硅橡胶配方，其中，所述补强剂为白炭黑、球形硅微粉、纳米二氧化硅和导电炭黑中的1～3种。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的硅橡胶配方，其中，所述白炭黑为经过硅氮烷表面处理的气相白炭黑或沉淀白炭黑，所述白炭黑的比表面积为150～300m 2/g。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的硅橡胶配方，其中，所述球形硅微粉粒径为1000～5000目。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的硅橡胶配方，其中，所述纳米二氧化硅粒径为6～15纳米。
  7. 如权利要求3所述的硅橡胶配方，其中，所述导电炭黑为颗粒状导电炭黑。
  8. 如权利要求1至7任一所述的硅橡胶配方，其中，所述助剂为羟基硅油、二甲基二乙氧基硅烷、二甲基二甲氧基硅烷、六甲基二硅氮烷和改性聚醚硅油中的1～3种。
  9. 一种硅橡胶的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
    1)按质量组份计，将100份粘度为100000～200000mPa.s的端乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷、30～100份补强剂和2～11份助剂加入捏合机中搅拌；
    2)待原材料搅拌成团后，加热升温至70～170℃，继续搅拌2～5小时；
    3)抽真空至-0.04～0.1MPa后，搅拌，得到黑色基料，降温至室温；
    4)将所述黑色基料、10～30份补强剂和1～3份助剂加入行星分散机 中，常温搅拌1～5小时。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的制备硅橡胶的方法，其中，所述步骤1)中，100份端乙烯基聚二甲基硅氧烷的粘度为150000mPa.s；所述补强剂由20份比表面积200m 2/g的气相法白炭黑、5份粒径为30纳米的纳米二氧化硅和25份导电炭黑组成；所述助剂由2份羟基硅油、3份二甲基二乙氧基硅烷和6份二甲基二甲氧基硅烷组成；
    所述步骤2)中，待原材料搅拌成团后，加热升温至160℃，继续搅拌2.5～3小时；
    所述步骤3)中，抽真空至-0.1MPa后，搅拌5小时，得到黑色基料，降温至室温；
    所述步骤4)中，将100份黑色基料、5份导电炭黑和1份改性聚醚硅油加入行星分散机中，保持转速500rpm，搅拌2.5小时。
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