WO2020156262A1 - 投影屏幕光学涂料 - Google Patents

投影屏幕光学涂料 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020156262A1
WO2020156262A1 PCT/CN2020/072889 CN2020072889W WO2020156262A1 WO 2020156262 A1 WO2020156262 A1 WO 2020156262A1 CN 2020072889 W CN2020072889 W CN 2020072889W WO 2020156262 A1 WO2020156262 A1 WO 2020156262A1
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Prior art keywords
projection screen
optical coating
screen optical
parts
light
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PCT/CN2020/072889
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
崔可建
胡飞
李屹
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深圳光峰科技股份有限公司
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Priority to US17/427,224 priority Critical patent/US11921415B2/en
Publication of WO2020156262A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020156262A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/54—Accessories
    • G03B21/56—Projection screens
    • G03B21/60—Projection screens characterised by the nature of the surface
    • G03B21/62—Translucent screens
    • G03B21/625—Lenticular translucent screens
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
    • C09D175/14—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
    • C09D175/14—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C09D175/16—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds having terminal carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
    • C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
    • C08F290/06—Polymers provided for in subclass C08G
    • C08F290/067—Polyurethanes; Polyureas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D151/00—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D151/08—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
    • C09D163/10—Epoxy resins modified by unsaturated compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D167/00—Coating compositions based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D167/06—Unsaturated polyesters having carbon-to-carbon unsaturation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D171/00—Coating compositions based on polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D171/02—Polyalkylene oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/32—Radiation-absorbing paints
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/60—Additives non-macromolecular
    • C09D7/61—Additives non-macromolecular inorganic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/65—Additives macromolecular
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/66—Additives characterised by particle size
    • C09D7/69—Particle size larger than 1000 nm
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
    • C09J175/14—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C09J175/16—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds having terminal carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/10—Projectors with built-in or built-on screen
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/54—Accessories
    • G03B21/56—Projection screens
    • G03B21/60—Projection screens characterised by the nature of the surface
    • G03B21/62—Translucent screens
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/08—Metals
    • C08K2003/0806—Silver
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/02—Elements
    • C08K3/08—Metals
    • C08K2003/0812—Aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/54—Accessories
    • G03B21/56—Projection screens

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optical paint for a projection screen, belonging to the technical field of screen manufacturing.
  • laser TVs have received widespread attention and recognition from consumers due to their small size, large projection area, and low cost, and the market has expanded year by year.
  • the luminous flux of laser TVs can reach a very high level at present, under the influence of ambient light, the projection screen is still not as clear and bright as traditional TVs.
  • laser TVs need to be matched with a screen with anti-ambient light effects.
  • screens with anti-light or light-absorbing effects have appeared on the market, and their anti-light or light-absorbing effects can be obtained through special optical microstructures or special optical coatings.
  • light-curing coatings are an important part of the future development of the coatings field due to their advantages of simple construction and low cost.
  • the photocurable coatings on the market are generally oily systems. In order to dissolve the film-forming substances in the coatings, a large amount of organic solvents need to be used. These organic solvents will volatilize into the air during the film-forming process of the coatings and emit volatile organic compounds ( VOC), which seriously threatens the health of the staff and causes pollution to the environment. In addition, currently there are few product types of photocurable coatings, and its optical effects cannot meet the increasingly demanding projection requirements, making it difficult to obtain satisfactory display effects.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an optical coating for projection screens in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.
  • the film-forming substances in the optical coatings for projection screens can be dissolved without using volatile organic solvents, and light is used during use.
  • the curing process is used for curing without any emission of volatile organic compounds.
  • the projection screen optical coatings are added with aluminum silver powder and light-absorbing materials,
  • the directional arrangement of aluminum and silver powder achieves the directional high reflectivity of the screen, thereby achieving the effect of high gain, and the addition of light-absorbing materials increases the contrast of the screen, making the image color of the laser TV projection screen more saturated and vivid.
  • the present invention provides an optical coating for a projection screen, which contains the following components in parts by weight:
  • the light-absorbing material is one or more of carbon black, lamp black, iron black, and aniline black, with an average particle size of 20nm-2000nm, and the aluminum-silver powder is flake-shaped, with an average particle size of 3 ⁇ m- 10 ⁇ m.
  • the acid value of the acrylate oligomer is less than or equal to 8 mgKOH/g, and the hydroxyl value is more than or equal to 65 mgKOH/g.
  • the acrylate oligomer is one or more of urethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, polyether acrylate, and epoxy acrylate.
  • the acrylate oligomer is a water-based acrylate oligomer, and the diluent is deionized water.
  • the diluent is an acrylate diluent monomer
  • the acrylate diluent monomer is used for crosslinking with the acrylate oligomer
  • the acrylic diluent monomer is methyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol diacrylate, polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, triethylene glycol diacrylate, acrylic acid One or more of lauryl ester, hexanediol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, and pentaerythritol triacrylate.
  • the projection screen optical coating further contains 0.1-5 parts by weight of a leveling agent, and the leveling agent is cellulose acetate butyrate.
  • the optical coating for projection screens also contains 0.5-5 parts by weight of an anti-settling thixotropic agent
  • the anti-settling thixotropic agent is organic bentonite, polyethylene wax, polyamide One or more of wax and polyurethane thixotropic agent.
  • the projection screen optical coating further contains 0.2-5 parts by weight of a dispersant, and the dispersant is one or more of polyol, stearic acid, and phosphate.
  • the auxiliary agent is one or more of a defoamer, a polymerization inhibitor, a wetting agent, and an antioxidant;
  • the defoamer is alcohol, n-butanol, organosilicone, mineral oil
  • the content of the defoamer is 0.1-3 parts by weight
  • the polymerization inhibitor is hydroxyanisole and/or hydroquinone, and the content of the polymerization inhibitor is 0.2-3 parts by weight Parts
  • the wetting agent is one or more of lecithin, polyamino salts, and polyvalent carboxylates.
  • the projection screen optical coating further contains 20-25 parts by weight of epoxy resin oligomer, and the epoxy resin oligomer is glycidyl ether epoxy resin and glycidyl ester One or more of epoxy resin and glycidylamine epoxy resin.
  • the photoinitiator is camphorquinone, tertiary amine and iodonium salt, the camphorquinone, the tertiary amine and the iodine
  • the molar ratio of onium salt is 2:1:1.
  • the tertiary amine is triethylamine, ethyl N,N-dimethylaminobenzoate or ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate
  • the iodonium salt is triaryliodonium salt or diaryliodonium Onium salt or alkyl iodonium salt.
  • the photoinitiator is one or more of diphenyl phosphine oxide, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, and camphorquinone.
  • the present invention provides an optical coating for projection screens that can simultaneously increase the gain and contrast of the projection screen.
  • the film-forming substance in the optical coating for projection screens can be dissolved without the use of volatile organic solvents, and is used during use.
  • the light curing process is used for curing without any emission of volatile organic compounds.
  • the projection screen optical coatings are added with aluminum silver powder and light-absorbing materials .
  • the directional arrangement of aluminum and silver powder achieves the directional high reflectivity of the screen, thereby achieving the effect of high gain, and the addition of light-absorbing materials improves the contrast of the screen, making the image color of the laser TV projection screen more saturated and vivid.
  • the present invention provides an optical coating for a projection screen, which contains the following components in parts by weight:
  • the light-absorbing material mainly functions to absorb ambient light to achieve the effects of light resistance and improving contrast.
  • the light-absorbing material may be one or more of carbon black, lamp black, iron black, and aniline black.
  • the carbon black is preferably acetylene carbon black, and the average particle size of the light-absorbing material is 20 nm to 2000 nm, preferably 20 nm to 1000 nm, and more preferably 35 nm to 100 nm.
  • the projection screen will be darkened at all angles, which will affect the viewing experience.
  • the aluminum silver powder is used to reflect the projection light, and can reduce the viewing angle through the accumulation and arrangement of small-size powders to improve the screen gain.
  • the aluminum silver powder is in the shape of flakes, which can be in the shape of silver dollars, snowflakes, and scales. Shape, preferably silver dollar shape.
  • the average particle size of the aluminum silver powder in the present invention can be 3 ⁇ m-10 ⁇ m, preferably 3 ⁇ m-5 ⁇ m, and more preferably 3 ⁇ m;
  • the flake diameter ratio (the ratio of flake diameter to thickness) of the aluminum-silver powder is 500-1000.
  • the aluminum silver powder reflects the projection light
  • diffuse reflection i.e., Lambertian scattering
  • Gaussian scattering generally occur.
  • the aluminum silver powder in the coating formed after the curing of the projection screen optical coating is mostly irregularly arranged.
  • the diffuse reflection occurs.
  • the aluminum-silver powder in the coating is arranged in a certain orientation, the reflected light can be concentrated in a certain angle as much as possible, that is, Gaussian scattering occurs.
  • the aluminum and silver powders need to be arranged according to certain rules.
  • adjusting the ratio of aluminum-silver powder to light-absorbing material can adjust the final optical effect of the projection screen optical coating. Specifically, as the ratio of aluminum-silver powder increases, the gain of the projection screen increases, and the contrast decreases; aluminum The proportion of silver powder decreases, the gain of the projection screen decreases, and the contrast increases. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments according to actual needs.
  • the acrylate oligomer is used as a film-forming substance in the optical coating of a projection screen, which can polymerize by itself or with other components to form a polymer under the initiation of a photoinitiator.
  • the acrylate oligomer may be one or more of polyurethane acrylate, polyester acrylate, polyether acrylate, and epoxy acrylate. What needs to be added is that because the oligomer is a mixture, the molecular formula or the structural formula cannot be accurately given. For example, "urethane acrylate" is already a distinguished category, and no more detailed description is seen.
  • light-curable coatings contain organic solvents.
  • the organic solvents refer to liquids that are used to dissolve film-forming substances (such as acrylic resins) and evaporate during the coating film formation process.
  • the present invention uses acrylate oligomer as the film-forming substance. There is no need to add organic solvents during the film-forming process, and only add non-volatile organic compounds. The diluent of the compound can be dissolved, reducing environmental pollution.
  • the diluent is an acrylate diluent monomer, which can be cross-linked with acrylate oligomer to form a film-forming substance.
  • acrylate oligomer can be a Methyl acrylate (MMA), polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA), polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGDMA), triethylene glycol diacrylate (TEGDMA), lauryl acrylate (LA) , Hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA), trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTMA), pentaerythritol triacrylate (PETA) one or more Kind.
  • MMA Methyl acrylate
  • PEGDA polyethylene glycol diacrylate
  • PEGDMA polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate
  • TEGDMA triethylene glycol diacrylate
  • LA lauryl acrylate
  • HDDA Hexanediol di
  • the ratio of acrylate oligomer to diluting monomer in the present invention mainly affects the viscosity of the optical coating for projection screens, and those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual conditions.
  • the photoinitiator is a type of compound that is active under ultraviolet light or visible light, and is used to initiate the mutual or self-polymerization reaction of the acrylate oligomer and the diluent.
  • the photoinitiator includes, but is not limited to, one or more of diphenyl phosphine oxide (TPO), 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone (HCPK, Irgacure 184), camphorquinone, tertiary amine, and iodonium salt .
  • the auxiliary agent includes one or more of a defoamer, a polymerization inhibitor, a wetting agent, and an antioxidant.
  • the defoaming agent mainly plays a defoaming effect, and it includes, but is not limited to, ethanol, n-butanol, organic silicon ester and mineral oil.
  • the defoamer is 0.1-3 parts by weight, preferably 0.2-1 parts by weight.
  • the polymerization inhibitor mainly acts as a polymerization inhibitor, and includes, but is not limited to, hydroxyanisole and/or hydroquinone.
  • the polymerization inhibitor is 0.2-3 parts by weight.
  • the wetting agent includes but is not limited to lecithin, polyamino salt, polyvalent carboxylate and the like.
  • the pressure generated during the solvent volatilization can squeeze the aluminum and silver powder in the film to a parallel orientation, thereby obtaining an ideal narrow viewing angle.
  • the pollution problems caused by solvent-based coatings make people have to find another environmentally friendly coating and production method.
  • the acrylate oligomer is preferably an acrylate oligomer with low acid value and high hydroxyl value, specifically acid value (mgKOH/g) ⁇ 8, hydroxyl value (mgKOH/g) ⁇ 65.
  • the acrylate oligomer is a water-based acrylate oligomer.
  • the diluent may be deionized water, or deionized water and acrylic diluting monomer;
  • the defoamer is preferably an aqueous system;
  • the aluminum silver powder is preferably an aqueous aluminum silver powder.
  • the light-absorbing material such as carbon black is preferably an aqueous light-absorbing material.
  • a co-solvent can be added.
  • the co-solvent can be ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol One or more of methyl ether and dipropylene glycol butyl ether.
  • the optical coating for projection screens of the present invention may further contain 0.1-5 parts by weight of a leveling agent, and the leveling agent is cellulose acetate butyrate.
  • the addition of the leveling agent can level and align the aluminum silver powder, and can also assist in improving the effect of the oriented arrangement of the aluminum silver powder.
  • the acrylate oligomer is a water-based acrylate oligomer
  • the leveling The agent is preferably an aqueous system.
  • the content of the leveling agent is preferably 1-2 parts by weight.
  • the optical coating for projection screens of the present invention may also contain 0.5-5 parts by weight of an anti-settling thixotropic agent
  • the anti-settling thixotropic agent is organic bentonite, polyethylene wax, polyamide wax, polyurethane One or more of the modifiers.
  • the addition of the anti-settling thixotropic agent can prevent the aluminum silver powder from settling and increase the thixotropy of the material system.
  • the content of the anti-settling thixotropic agent is preferably 1-2 parts by weight.
  • the optical coating for projection screens of the present invention may further contain 0.2-5 parts by weight of a dispersant, and the dispersant is one or more of polyol, stearic acid, and phosphate.
  • the dispersant mainly plays a role of dispersing.
  • the acrylate oligomer is an aqueous acrylate oligomer
  • the dispersant is preferably a wetting and dispersing agent.
  • the wetting and dispersing agent is preferably a low acid value system, such as a wetting and dispersing agent with a specification of DISPERBYK-192 made in Germany.
  • the content of is preferably 0.5-2 parts by weight.
  • the optical coating for projection screens may further include epoxy resin oligomers.
  • the epoxy resin oligomers are used as film-forming substances in the optical coatings for projection screens. Or polymerize with other components to form polymers.
  • it may be one or more of glycidyl ether epoxy resin, glycidyl ester epoxy resin, and glycidyl amine epoxy resin. Similar to acrylate oligomers, because the oligomers are mixtures, the molecular formula or structural formula cannot be accurately given.
  • the "glycidyl ether epoxy resin” has been given as a distinguished category, and no more detailed description has been seen.
  • the epoxy resin oligomer and the acrylate oligomer are used in combination to obtain coatings with different properties, such as different curing speeds, hardness, tensile strength, elongation at break, etc.
  • the use of the two together with a specific photoinitiator allows the optical coating to adopt a combination of free radical polymerization and cationic polymerization, which can not only quickly cure the optical coating, but also ensure the deep curing of the coating film by dark reaction. Avoid incomplete curing caused by the addition of light-absorbing materials.
  • the projection screen optical coating contains both acrylate oligomer and epoxy resin oligomer
  • the content of the acrylate oligomer is 20-25 parts by weight.
  • the content is 20-25 parts by weight.
  • the epoxy resin oligomer is preferably a waterborne epoxy resin oligomer.
  • the photoinitiator contains camphorquinone and a tertiary amine
  • the camphorquinone is in an excited state after absorbing light, and it can generate active centers by hydrogen transfer with the tertiary amine to initiate free radical polymerization.
  • the photoinitiator contains camphorquinone and iodonium salt
  • the camphorquinone is in an excited state after absorbing light, and it can interact with the iodonium salt to generate active centers and initiate cationic polymerization.
  • the tertiary amine includes but is not limited to triethylamine, ethyl N,N-dimethylaminobenzoate, and ethyl 4-dimethylaminobenzoate.
  • the iodonium salt includes, but is not limited to, triaryl iodonium salt (such as sulfonium hexafluorophosphate), diaryliodonium salt, and alkyl iodonium salt.
  • the molar ratio of camphorquinone to tertiary amine is 1:1, and the molar ratio of camphorquinone to iodonium salt is 1:1, that is, camphorquinone, tertiary amine and iodonium are selected.
  • the salt is used as the photoinitiator, the molar ratio of the camphorquinone, tertiary amine and iodonium salt is 2:1:1.
  • composition and characteristics of the optical coating for the projection screen of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.
  • the following describes a preparation method of the optical coating for the projection screen of this embodiment, and the preparation method includes the following steps:
  • the acrylate oligomer and the light-absorbing material can be uniformly mixed by grinding during mixing, or high-speed shearing and stirring can be used.
  • the stirring speed is 2000-3000 r/min.
  • the purpose of adding the acrylate oligomer in two batches is to mix the acrylate oligomer uniformly.
  • the viscosity of the solution is reduced after adding the diluent, in order to prevent the generation of bubbles, in the above S12, it is necessary to maintain the medium and low speed stirring, preferably, the stirring speed ⁇ 500r/min.
  • acrylate oligomers aluminum silver powder, diluents, photoinitiators, cosolvents, wetting and dispersing agents, and anti-settling thixotropic agents according to actual conditions.
  • the actual adding order of leveling agent and defoaming agent can also be adjusted for the content of acrylate oligomer added twice.
  • the optical coating needs to be sealed and stored.
  • the above-mentioned projection screen optical coatings can be used for the surface coating of a variety of screen substrates, such as flat screens, black grids, grids, and screens with optical microstructures such as Fresnel. After testing, they have good aluminum and silver powder orientation and paint film Good performance, excellent optical effect, simple construction process, environmental protection and other advantages.
  • the combination of aluminum silver powder and light-absorbing material makes the projection screen have a light-resistant effect.
  • the projection screen prepared with the optical coating can reflect and absorb light at the same time, so as to achieve a high-gain and high-contrast projection effect.
  • Coating the above-mentioned projection screen optical paint with a screen substrate with optical microstructure can be made into an optical screen that can resist ambient light interference, which can effectively increase the contrast of the laser TV projection screen, and make the image color more saturated and vivid; Compared with solvent-based optical coatings, no organic pollutants are generated during the construction process, which greatly reduces gas pollution and is an environmentally friendly product.
  • the above-mentioned projection screen optical coating is used as a raw material to produce a Fresnel microstructure optical screen, and the contrast and center gain of the screen are tested.
  • the contrast is 10.5 and the center gain is 1.1.
  • optical coating for the projection screen in this embodiment can be prepared by the preparation method described in the first embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the components in this embodiment are mixed to prepare the projection screen optical coating, which is used to produce the Fresnel microstructure optical screen.
  • the achievable effect is: contrast 8.5 and center gain 0.95.
  • optical coating for the projection screen in this embodiment can be prepared by the preparation method described in the first embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the components in this embodiment are mixed to prepare the projection screen optical coating, which is used to produce the Fresnel microstructure optical screen, and the achievable effects are: contrast 9.5 and center gain 1.0.
  • the following describes a preparation method of the optical coating for the projection screen of this embodiment, and the preparation method includes the following steps:
  • a high-speed shearing stirring method is adopted during mixing.
  • the stirring speed is 2000-3000 r/min, and then a grinding method is used to mix uniformly.
  • the purpose of adding epoxy acrylate in two batches is to make the epoxy acrylate mixed uniformly.
  • the medium and low speed stirring should be maintained, preferably, the stirring speed is ⁇ 500r/min.
  • the actual adding order of the polymerization inhibitor and the light-absorbing material can also be adjusted for the content of the acrylate oligomer added twice. Since the amount of epoxy acrylate added in S21 in this embodiment is small, if all the light-absorbing materials are directly mixed with a small amount of epoxy acrylate, the viscosity is high and it is difficult to mix uniformly. Therefore, in this embodiment In the example, the light-absorbing material is added in two times.
  • the following introduces another method of using the optical coating for the projection screen of this embodiment, and the method of using includes the following steps:
  • the coating can be sprayed, roller coated, knife coated, curtain coating or screen printing, etc., in order to save materials while ensuring the flatness of the paint film, screen printing is preferred . Since the energy required to cure the optical coating is positively related to its thickness, when the maximum thickness limit is exceeded, it cannot be fully cured, and the adhesion of the coating on the screen substrate and its own mechanical properties will be affected. Therefore, the projection screen
  • the thickness of the optical coating film formed on the screen substrate is preferably ⁇ 200 ⁇ m, more preferably ⁇ 100 ⁇ m.
  • the curing light source can be a light source with a luminous wavelength in the ultraviolet or visible band, which can be a thermoluminescent light source (such as incandescent lamp, halogen lamp, etc.), gas discharge light source (such as fluorescent lamp, metal halide lamp, etc.) or Solid-state lighting source (such as LD laser, LED laser light).
  • a thermoluminescent light source such as incandescent lamp, halogen lamp, etc.
  • gas discharge light source such as fluorescent lamp, metal halide lamp, etc.
  • Solid-state lighting source such as LD laser, LED laser light
  • the components of this embodiment are mixed to project the screen optical coating and use it to produce the Fresnel microstructure optical screen.
  • the effect can be achieved: the contrast ratio is 11.5 and the center gain is 1.05.
  • optical coating for the projection screen in this embodiment can be prepared by the preparation method described in the fourth embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the components of this embodiment are mixed to prepare the optical coating for projection screens, which is used to produce the optical screen with Fresnel microstructure.
  • the effect can be achieved: the contrast is 12 and the center gain is 0.95.
  • optical coating for the projection screen in this embodiment can be prepared by the preparation method described in the fourth embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the components of this embodiment are mixed to prepare the projection screen optical coating, which is used to produce the Fresnel microstructure optical screen, and the effect can be achieved: the contrast ratio is 10.5 and the center gain is 1.1.
  • the following describes a preparation method of the optical coating for the projection screen of this embodiment, and the preparation method includes the following steps:
  • S34 Mix and stir the third solution with the fifth solution, and add a dispersant, a defoamer, a polymerization inhibitor and a photoinitiator.
  • the projection screen optical coating contains urethane acrylate and glycidyl ether epoxy resin
  • the photoinitiator contains camphorquinone, tertiary amine and iodonium salt, wherein the camphorquinone, tertiary amine and iodonium salt
  • the molar ratio is 2:1:1.
  • the soaking time is preferably 4h-12h.
  • mixing and stirring are preferably low speed ( ⁇ 500r/min) stirring
  • the optical coating needs to be sealed and stored.
  • the following introduces another method of using the optical coating for the projection screen of this embodiment, and the method of using includes the following steps:
  • S203 Laminate the side of the screen substrate without the optical coating of the projection screen with the diffusion film to form a light-resistant screen product.
  • the above-mentioned projection screen optical coating adopts a combination of free radical polymerization and cationic polymerization, which can not only rapidly cure the optical coating, but also ensure the deep curing of the film layer in a dark reaction mode, avoiding incomplete curing caused by the addition of light-absorbing materials problem.
  • the components of this example were mixed to prepare an optical coating for projection screens, which was used to produce optical screens with Fresnel microstructures.
  • the effects that can be achieved are: contrast ratio 9.0, center gain 1.0, and its reflectivity can reach (for wavelength For 400nm-700nm light) 21%, the half-gain viewing angle is 45°.
  • optical coating for the projection screen in this embodiment can be prepared by the preparation method described in the seventh embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the components of this example were mixed to prepare an optical coating for projection screens, which were used to produce optical screens with Fresnel microstructures.
  • the achievable effects were: contrast ratio of 10.0, center gain of 0.9, and its reflectivity up to (for wavelength For the light of 400nm-700nm) 19%, the half-gain viewing angle is 46°.
  • optical coating for the projection screen in this embodiment can be prepared by the preparation method described in the seventh embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the components of this example were mixed to prepare an optical coating for projection screens, which was used to produce optical screens with Fresnel microstructures.
  • the achievable effects were: contrast ratio 8.0, center gain 1.1, and its reflectivity up to (for wavelength For the light of 400nm-700nm) 19%, the half-gain viewing angle is 44°.
  • the present invention provides an optical coating for projection screens that can simultaneously increase the gain and contrast of the projection screen.
  • the film-forming substance in the optical coating for projection screens can be dissolved without the use of volatile organic solvents, and is used during use.
  • the light curing process is used for curing without any emission of volatile organic compounds.
  • the projection screen optical coatings are added with aluminum silver powder and light-absorbing materials
  • the directional arrangement of aluminum and silver powder achieves the directional high reflectivity of the screen, thereby achieving the effect of high gain, and the addition of light-absorbing materials improves the contrast of the screen, making the image color of the laser TV projection screen more saturated and vivid.

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Abstract

一种投影屏幕光学涂料，包含按重量份计的如下组分：吸光材料2-15、铝银粉5-20、丙烯酸酯低聚物20-60、稀释剂10-45、光引发剂0.5-15、助剂0.1-6；吸光材料为炭黑、灯黑、铁黑、苯胺黑中的一种或多种，其平均粒径为20-2000nm，铝银粉为片状，其平均粒径为3-10μm。光学涂料采用光固化工艺进行固化，无挥发性有机物的排放，铝银粉和吸光材料相组合，能够使利用该光学涂料制备的投影屏幕可以同时进行光线的反射和吸收，达到高增益和高对比度的投影效果。

Description

投影屏幕光学涂料 技术领域
本发明涉及一种投影屏幕光学涂料，属于屏幕制造技术领域。
背景技术
随着激光投影技术的不断发展，激光电视凭借其体积小、投影面积大、成本低等优势，得到消费者的广泛关注和认可，市场逐年扩大。虽然目前激光电视的光通量已经可以达到很高的水平，但在环境光的影响下，投影画面仍然不能像传统电视般清晰明亮。
为了提高激光投影画面的对比度，产生色彩饱满、色调丰富的图像，激光电视需要搭配具有抗环境光效果的屏幕。目前市场上已经出现了多种具有抗光效果或者吸光效果的屏幕，其抗光或者吸光作用可通过特殊的光学微结构或特制的光学涂料获得。光固化涂料作为一种新兴产品，因具有施工简便、成本低廉等优势，是涂料领域未来发展的重要组成部分。
市面上的光固化涂料一般为油性体系，为了溶解涂料中的成膜物质，需要采用大量的有机溶剂，这些有机溶剂在涂料的成膜过程中会挥发到空气中，排放出挥发性有机化合物(VOC)，其严重威胁着工作人员的健康且会对环境造成污染。另外，目前光固化涂料的产品类型很少，且其光学效果无法满足日益苛刻的投影需求，很难获得令人满意的显示效果。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于针对现有技术的不足，提供一种投影屏幕光学涂料，所述投影屏幕光学涂料中成膜物质无须使用挥发性的有机溶剂便可溶解，且在使用时采用光固化工艺进行固化，无任何挥发性有机物的排放，与传统溶剂型光学涂料相比，具有环保的优 点，可极大程度地降低气体污染；所述投影屏幕光学涂料添加了铝银粉和吸光材料，通过铝银粉的定向排布实现了屏幕的定向高反射率，进而达到高增益的效果，而吸光材料的加入则提高了屏幕的对比度，使激光电视投影画面的图像颜色更加饱和、鲜艳。
本发明所要解决的技术问题是通过如下技术方案实现的：
本发明提供一种投影屏幕光学涂料，所述投影屏幕光学涂料包含按重量份计的如下组分：
Figure PCTCN2020072889-appb-000001
其中，所述吸光材料为炭黑、灯黑、铁黑、苯胺黑中的一种或多种，其平均粒径为20nm-2000nm，所述铝银粉为片状，其平均粒径为3μm-10μm。
为了利于铝银粉在涂层中的定向排列，提高最终产品的定向反射率，所述丙烯酸酯低聚物的酸价≤8mgKOH/g，且羟值≥65mgKOH/g。
优选地，所述丙烯酸酯低聚物为聚氨酯丙烯酸酯、聚酯丙烯酸酯、聚醚丙烯酸酯、环氧丙烯酸酯中的一种或多种。
为了避免排放出挥发性有机化合物并利于投影屏幕光学涂料的生产及涂覆，所述丙烯酸酯低聚物为水性丙烯酸酯低聚物，所述稀释剂为去离子水。
为了与丙烯酸酯低聚物交联，共同构成成膜物质，所述稀释剂为丙烯酸酯类稀释性单体，所述丙烯酸酯类稀释性单体用于与所述丙烯酸酯低聚物交联，共同构成成膜物质，所述丙烯酸酯类稀释性单体为甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、三乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸十二酯、己二醇二丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯中的一种或多种。
为了能够流平及定向排列铝银粉，同时辅助提升铝银粉定向排列的效果，所述投影屏幕光学涂料还包含0.1-5重量份的流平剂，所述流平剂为醋酸丁酸纤维素。
为了防止铝银粉沉降及增加材料体系的触变性，所述投影屏幕光学涂料还包含0.5-5重量份的防沉触变剂，所述防沉触变剂为有机膨润土、聚乙烯蜡、聚酰胺蜡、聚氨酯触变剂中的一种或多种。
为了定向排列铝银粉，所述投影屏幕光学涂料还包含0.2-5重量份的分散剂，所述分散剂为多元醇、硬脂酸、磷酸盐中的一种或多种。
优选地，所述助剂为消泡剂、阻聚剂、润湿剂、抗氧化剂中的一种或多种；所述消泡剂为乙醇、正丁醇、有机硅酯、矿物油中的一种或多种，所述消泡剂的含量为0.1-3重量份；所述阻聚剂为羟基苯甲醚和/或对苯二酚，所述阻聚剂的含量为0.2-3重量份；所述润湿剂为卵磷脂、多氨基盐、多价羧酸盐中的一种或多种。
为了解决固化不完全的问题，所述投影屏幕光学涂料还包含20-25重量份的环氧树脂低聚物，所述环氧树脂低聚物为缩水甘油醚类环氧树脂、缩水甘油酯类环氧树脂、缩水甘油胺类环氧树脂中的一种或多种。
为了使光学涂料快速固化成型，同时以暗反应方式保证涂层漆膜深度固化，所述光引发剂为樟脑醌、叔胺以及碘鎓盐，所述樟脑醌、所述叔胺以及所述碘鎓盐的摩尔比为2：1：1。
优选地，所述叔胺为三乙胺、N,N-二甲氨基苯甲酸乙酯或4-二甲氨基苯甲酸乙酯，所述碘鎓盐为三芳基碘鎓盐、二芳基碘鎓盐或烷基碘鎓盐。
优选地，所述光引发剂为二苯基氧化膦、1-羟基环己基苯基甲酮、樟脑醌中的一种或多种。
综上所述，本发明提供一种可同时提高投影屏幕增益和对比度的投影屏幕光学涂料，所述投影屏幕光学涂料中成膜物质无须使用挥发性的有机溶剂便可溶解，且在使用时采用光固化工艺进行固化，无任何挥发性有机物的排放，与传统溶剂型光学涂料相比，具有环保的优点，可极大程度地降低气体污染；所述投影屏幕光学涂料添加了铝银 粉和吸光材料，通过铝银粉的定向排布实现了屏幕的定向高反射率，进而达到高增益的效果，而吸光材料的加入则提高了屏幕的对比度，使激光电视投影画面的图像颜色更加饱和、鲜艳。
下面结合具体实施例，对本发明的技术方案进行详细地说明。
具体实施方式
本发明提供一种投影屏幕光学涂料，所述投影屏幕光学涂料包含按重量份计的如下组分：
Figure PCTCN2020072889-appb-000002
所述吸光材料主要起吸收环境光的作用，以达到抗光及提高对比度的效果，所述吸光材料可以是炭黑、灯黑、铁黑、苯胺黑中的一种或多种。所述炭黑优选为乙炔炭黑，所述吸光材料的平均粒径为20nm-2000nm，优选为20nm-1000nm，进一步优选为35nm-100nm。
吸光材料的加入降低了涂料整体的反射率，对于漫反射屏幕来说，投影画面在各个角度上都会变暗，影响观影体验。为了同时保证高对比度(抗环境光)和高亮度，需要将投影屏幕在反射投影光线时发生的漫反射(朗伯散射)现象调整为在一定角度范围反射投影光线(高斯散射)，对应到光学性质上即为通过保证窄可视角内的亮度来同时满足高对比度和高亮度。
所述铝银粉用于反射投影光线，并可以通过小尺寸粉体的堆积排列达到缩小可视角，以提高屏幕增益的作用，所述铝银粉为片状，其可以为银元状、雪花状、鳞片状，优选为银元状。鉴于片状铝银粉的粒径大于10μm时，不利于在树脂中的排列取向，本发明中所述铝银粉的平均粒径可以为3μm-10μm，优选为3μm-5μm，进一步优选为3μm；所述铝银粉的片径比(片径与厚度的比例)为500-1000。
所述铝银粉对投影光线进行反射时一般会发生漫反射(即朗伯散射)和高斯散射，具体地，投影屏幕光学涂料固化后形成的涂层中铝银粉多为无规则排列时，发生漫反射的情形较多，而当涂层中的铝银粉呈一定取向排列时，可以将反射光线尽可能多的集中在某一个角度内，即发生高斯散射。换句话说，为了实现屏幕涂料的高斯散射，需要将铝银粉按照一定的规则进行排列。
需要补充的是，调整铝银粉与吸光材料的比例可以起到调节投影屏幕光学涂料最终光学效果的作用，具体来说，铝银粉比例升高，投影屏幕的增益升高，对比度有所下降；铝银粉的比例降低，投影屏幕的增益下降，对比度升高。本领域技术人员可根据实际需要进行调整。
所述丙烯酸酯低聚物在投影屏幕光学涂料中作为成膜物质，其在光引发剂引发作用下可以自身或与其他组分发生聚合反应生成聚合物。所述丙烯酸酯低聚物可以为聚氨酯丙烯酸酯、聚酯丙烯酸酯、聚醚丙烯酸酯、环氧丙烯酸酯中的一种或多种。需要补充的是，由于低聚物为混合物，无法精确给出分子式或结构式，给出如“聚氨酯丙烯酸酯”已经为特征区分类别，未见更细化描述。
现有技术中，光固化涂料中含有有机溶剂，所述有机溶剂是指用于溶解成膜物质(例如：丙烯酸树脂)，并在涂膜形成过程中挥发掉的液体，所述有机溶剂在挥发时会排放出大量威胁环境的有机化合物(VOC)，为避免上述问题的发生，本发明采用丙烯酸酯低聚物作为成膜物质，在成膜过程中无需添加有机溶剂，仅加入不会挥发有机化合物的稀释剂便可溶解，减少了对环境的污染。
所述稀释剂为丙烯酸酯类稀释性单体，其可以与丙烯酸酯低聚物交联，共同构成成膜物质，本领域技术人员可以根据丙烯酸酯低聚物的类型进行选择，如其可以为甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)、聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯(PEGDA)、聚乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(PEGDMA)、三乙二醇二丙烯酸酯(TEGDMA)、丙烯酸十二酯(LA)、己二醇二丙烯酸酯(HDDA)、三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯(TMPTA)、三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯(TMPTMA)、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯(PETA)中的一种或多种。需要说明的是当反应体系为水性体系时，稀释剂可选用去离子 水。
需要补充的是，本发明中丙烯酸酯低聚物与稀释性单体的比例主要影响投影屏幕光学涂料的粘度，本领域技术人员可根据实际情况进行调整。
所述光引发剂为在紫外光或者可见光下具有活性的一类化合物，用于引发所述丙烯酸酯低聚物和稀释剂发生相互或自身的聚合反应。所述光引发剂包含但不限于二苯基氧化膦(TPO)、1-羟基环己基苯基甲酮(HCPK，Irgacure 184)、樟脑醌、叔胺以及碘鎓盐中的一种或几种。
所述助剂包含消泡剂、阻聚剂、润湿剂以及抗氧化剂中的一种或多种。
所述消泡剂主要起消泡作用，其包含但不限于乙醇、正丁醇、有机硅酯和矿物油。所述消泡剂为0.1-3重量份，优选为0.2-1重量份。
所述阻聚剂主要起阻聚作用，其包含但不限于羟基苯甲醚和/或对苯二酚。所述阻聚剂为0.2-3重量份。
所述润湿剂其包含但不限于卵磷脂、多氨基盐、多价羧酸盐等。
传统溶剂型光学涂料在喷涂到屏幕上之后，溶剂挥发过程中产生的压力可以将膜层中的铝银粉挤压至平行取向，从而获得理想的窄视角。但溶剂型涂料所带来污染问题使人们不得不寻求另一种环保的涂料及生产方式。
为了利于铝银粉在涂层中的定向排列，提高最终产品的定向反射率，所述丙烯酸酯低聚物优选低酸值高羟值的丙烯酸酯低聚物，具体为酸价(mgKOH/g)≤8，羟值(mgKOH/g)≥65。
进一步地，为了避免排放出挥发性有机化合物并利于投影屏幕光学涂料的生产及涂覆，所述丙烯酸酯低聚物为水性丙烯酸酯低聚物。此时，与之对应的，所述稀释剂可以为去离子水，或者为去离子水和丙烯酸酯类稀释性单体；所述消泡剂优选水性体系；所述铝银粉优选为水性铝银粉；所述炭黑等吸光材料优选为水性吸光材料。
为了促进所述水性丙烯酸酯低聚物在去离子水中溶解，还可以加入3-10重量份的助溶剂，所述助溶剂可以为乙二醇单丁醚、二乙二醇 单甲醚、丙二醇甲醚、二丙二醇丁醚中的一种或多种。
在另一些实施方式中，本发明投影屏幕光学涂料中还可以包含0.1-5重量份的流平剂，所述流平剂为醋酸丁酸纤维素。所述流平剂的加入能够流平及定向排列铝银粉，也可以辅助提升铝银粉定向排列的效果，在所述丙烯酸酯低聚物为水性丙烯酸酯低聚物的情况下，所述流平剂优选水性体系。所述流平剂的含量优选为1-2重量份。
在另一些实施方式中，本发明投影屏幕光学涂料中还可以包含0.5-5重量份的防沉触变剂，所述防沉触变剂为有机膨润土、聚乙烯蜡、聚酰胺蜡、聚氨酯触变剂中的一种或多种。所述防沉触变剂的加入能够防止铝银粉沉降及增加材料体系的触变性。所述防沉触变剂的含量优选为1-2重量份。
在另一些实施方式中，本发明投影屏幕光学涂料中还可以包含0.2-5重量份的分散剂，所述分散剂为多元醇、硬脂酸、磷酸盐中的一种或多种。所述分散剂主要起分散作用。在所述丙烯酸酯低聚物为水性丙烯酸酯低聚物的情况下，所述分散剂优选为润湿分散剂。考虑到所述润湿分散剂的加入要利于定向排列铝银粉，所述润湿分散剂优选低酸值体系，如选用规格为德国产DISPERBYK-192的润湿分散剂，所述润湿分散剂的含量优选为0.5-2重量份。
由于吸光材料的加入，无论是活性反应体系还是水性反应体系，在光固化过程中吸光材料都会吸收部分光，可能会产生固化不完全等问题，为解决该问题，本发明可采用双光引发体系。具体来说，所述投影屏幕光学涂料还可进一步包含环氧树脂低聚物，所述环氧树脂低聚物在投影屏幕光学涂料中作为成膜物质，其在光引发剂引发作用下可以自身或与其他组分发生聚合反应生成聚合物。例如，其可以为缩水甘油醚类环氧树脂、缩水甘油酯类环氧树脂、缩水甘油胺类环氧树脂中的一种或多种。与丙烯酸酯低聚物类似，由于低聚物为混合物，无法精确给出分子式或结构式，给出如“缩水甘油醚类环氧树脂”已经为特征区分类别，未见更细化描述。
所述环氧树脂低聚物与丙烯酸酯低聚物搭配使用，可获得不同性能的涂层，如不同固化速度、硬度、拉伸强度、断裂伸长率等。另外， 二者与特定的光引发剂配合使用使得光学涂料可采用自由基聚合与阳离子聚合复配形式，既可以将光学涂料快速固化成型，又可以以暗反应方式保证涂层漆膜深度固化，避免了因吸光材料的加入而产生的固化不完全问题。优选地，当所述投影屏幕光学涂料同时包含丙烯酸酯低聚物和环氧树脂低聚物时，所述丙烯酸酯低聚物的含量为20-25重量份，所述环氧树脂低聚物的含量为20-25重量份。进一步地，当所述丙烯酸酯低聚物为水性丙烯酸酯低聚物时，所述环氧树脂低聚物优选为水性环氧树脂低聚物。
下面具体介绍所述投影屏幕光学涂料同时包含丙烯酸酯低聚物和环氧树脂低聚物时光引发剂的选择。当光引发剂包含樟脑醌和叔胺时，所述樟脑醌在吸光后呈激发态，其可以与叔胺的氢转移作用生成活性中心，引发自由基聚合。当光引发剂包含樟脑醌和碘鎓盐时，所述樟脑醌在吸光后呈激发态，其可以与碘鎓盐相互作用生成活性中心，引发阳离子聚合。
其中，所述叔胺包含但不限于三乙胺、N,N-二甲氨基苯甲酸乙酯、4-二甲氨基苯甲酸乙酯。所述碘鎓盐包含但不限于三芳基碘鎓盐(如六氟磷酸硫鎓盐)、二芳基碘鎓盐、烷基碘鎓盐。
优选地，为了保证其反应充分，所述樟脑醌与叔胺的摩尔比为1：1，所述樟脑醌与碘鎓盐的摩尔比为1：1，即选用樟脑醌、叔胺以及碘鎓盐共同作为光引发剂时，所述樟脑醌、叔胺与碘鎓盐的摩尔比为2：1：1。
需要说明的是，本发明所有原料，对其来源没有特别限制，在市场上购买的或按照本领域技术人员熟知的常规方法制备的即可。
下面结合具体实施例来详细介绍本发明投影屏幕光学涂料的成分和特性。
实施例一
本实施例中投影屏幕光学涂料各组分具体组成及使用比例为：
Figure PCTCN2020072889-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2020072889-appb-000004
下面介绍一种本实施例投影屏幕光学涂料的制备方法，所述制备方法包含如下步骤：
S11：将1/2总重量的丙烯酸酯低聚物与吸光材料混合均匀后形成第一溶液；
S12：在所述第一溶液中加入1/2总重量的丙烯酸酯低聚物、铝银粉、稀释剂、光引发剂、助溶剂、润湿分散剂、防沉触变剂、流平剂以及消泡剂后混合均匀。
在上述S11中，混合时可采用研磨的方式将丙烯酸酯低聚物与吸光材料混合均匀，也可采用高速剪切搅拌的方式，优选地，搅拌的转速为2000-3000r/min。分两次加入丙烯酸酯低聚物的目的是为了使丙烯酸酯低聚物混合均匀。
由于加入稀释剂后，溶液的粘度降低，为了防止产生气泡，在上述S12中，要保持中低速搅拌，优选地，搅拌的转速≤500r/min。
另外，为了得到混合均匀的投影屏幕光学涂料，本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况改变丙烯酸酯低聚物、铝银粉、稀释剂、光引发剂、助溶剂、润湿分散剂、防沉触变剂、流平剂以及消泡剂的实际加入顺序，还可以调整两次加入的丙烯酸酯低聚物的含量。
需要补充的是，为了防止上述投影屏幕光学涂料变性，需要密封储存光学涂料。
上述投影屏幕光学涂料可用于多种屏幕基材的表面涂布，如平板屏幕、黑栅、格栅以及菲涅尔等具有光学微结构的屏幕，经测试，其具有铝银粉定向好、漆膜性能佳、光学效果优异，以及施工工艺简便、环保等优点。铝银粉和吸光材料相组合的方式，使得投影屏幕具备了 抗光效果，使用该光学涂料制备的投影屏幕可以同时进行光线的反射和吸收作用，从而达到高增益和高对比度的投影效果。将上述投影屏幕光学涂料涂布带有光学微结构的屏幕基材，能够制成可抵抗环境光干扰的光学屏幕，可有效增加激光电视投影画面的对比度，使图像颜色更加饱和，鲜艳；与传统溶剂型光学涂料相比，施工过程不会产生有机污染物，极大降低气体污染，为环境友好型产品。
将上述投影屏幕光学涂料作为原料生产菲涅尔微结构光学屏幕，并对屏幕的对比度和中心增益进行测试，其对比度为10.5，中心增益1.1。
实施例二
本实施例中投影屏幕光学涂料各组分具体组成及使用比例为：
Figure PCTCN2020072889-appb-000005
本实施例中所述投影屏幕光学涂料可采用实施例一中所记载的制备方法制备，在此不再赘述。
对本实施例中各组分进行混合，制得投影屏幕光学涂料，将其用于生产菲涅尔微结构光学屏幕，可达到的效果为：对比度8.5，中心增益0.95。
实施例三
本实施例中投影屏幕光学涂料各组分具体组成及使用比例为：
Figure PCTCN2020072889-appb-000006
本实施例中所述投影屏幕光学涂料可采用实施例一中所记载的制备方法制备，在此不再赘述。
对本实施例中各组分进行混合，制得投影屏幕光学涂料，将其用于生产菲涅尔微结构光学屏幕，可达到的效果为：对比度9.5，中心增益1.0。
实施例四
本实施例中投影屏幕光学涂料各组分具体组成及使用比例为：
Figure PCTCN2020072889-appb-000007
下面介绍一种本实施例投影屏幕光学涂料的制备方法，所述制备方法包含如下步骤：
S21：将1/3总重量的环氧丙烯酸酯与部分吸光材料混合均匀后形成第二溶液；
S22：在所述第二溶液中加入2/3总重量的环氧丙烯酸酯、稀释剂、 铝银粉、光引发剂、防沉触变剂、消泡剂、润湿剂、阻聚剂以及剩余的吸光材料后混合均匀。
在上述S21中，混合时采用高速剪切搅拌的方式，优选地，搅拌的转速为2000-3000r/min，之后采用研磨的方式混合均匀。分两次加入环氧丙烯酸酯的目的是为了使环氧丙烯酸酯混合均匀。
由于加入稀释剂后，溶液的粘度降低，为了防止产生气泡，在上述S22中，要保持中低速搅拌，优选地，搅拌的转速≤500r/min。
另外，为了得到混合均匀的投影屏幕光学涂料，本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况改变环氧丙烯酸酯、稀释剂、铝银粉、光引发剂、防沉触变剂、消泡剂、润湿剂、阻聚剂以及吸光材料的实际加入顺序，还可以调整两次加入的丙烯酸酯低聚物的含量。由于本实施例中在S21中加入的环氧丙烯酸酯的量较少，若将全部的吸光材料与少量的环氧丙烯酸酯直接混合，其粘度较高，很难混合均匀，因此，在本实施例中，吸光材料采用分两次加入的方式。
下面再介绍一种本实施例投影屏幕光学涂料的使用方法，所述使用方法包含如下步骤：
S101：将投影屏幕光学涂料涂布到屏幕基材上；
S102：固化所述投影屏幕光学涂料；
S103：待所述投影屏幕光学涂料完全固化后，进行下一步的操作。
在S100中，所述涂布可以采用喷涂、辊涂、刮涂、淋涂或丝网印刷等方式中的任一一种，为节省用料的同时保证漆膜的平整度，优选丝网印刷。由于光学涂料固化时需要的能量与其厚度正相关，当超过最大厚度限制时，无法完全固化，涂层在屏幕基材上的附着力及本身的力学性能等会受到影响，因此，所述投影屏幕光学涂料在所述屏幕基材上成膜厚度优选≤200μm，进一步优选≤100μm。
在S200中，固化用光源可选用发光波长在紫外光或可见光波段的光源，可以为热致发光光源(如白炽灯、卤素灯等)、气体放电光源(如荧光灯、金属卤化物灯等)或固体照明光源(如LD激光，LED激光灯)。需要说明的是，为了不影响铝银粉在涂层中的定向排列，光源需放置在投影屏幕光学涂料所在的一侧直接照射固化投影屏幕光学涂料， 而不宜在屏幕基材所在的一侧固化。
按照上述步骤对本实施例各组分进行混合，投影屏幕光学涂料，将其用于生产菲涅尔微结构光学屏幕，可达到效果为：对比度11.5，中心增益1.05。
实施例五
本实施例中投影屏幕光学涂料各组分具体组成及使用比例为：
Figure PCTCN2020072889-appb-000008
本实施例中所述投影屏幕光学涂料可采用实施例四中所记载的制备方法制备，在此不再赘述。
对本实施例各组分进行混合，制得投影屏幕光学涂料，将其用于生产菲涅尔微结构光学屏幕，可达到效果为：对比度12，中心增益0.95。
实施例六
本实施例中投影屏幕光学涂料各组分具体组成及使用比例为：
Figure PCTCN2020072889-appb-000009
本实施例中所述投影屏幕光学涂料可采用实施例四中所记载的制备方法制备，在此不再赘述。
对本实施例各组分进行混合，制得投影屏幕光学涂料，将其用于生产菲涅尔微结构光学屏幕，可达到效果为：对比度10.5，中心增益1.1。
实施例七
本实施例中投影屏幕光学涂料各组分具体组成及使用比例为：
Figure PCTCN2020072889-appb-000010
下面介绍一种本实施例投影屏幕光学涂料的制备方法，所述制备方法包含如下步骤：
S31：将铝银粉浸泡于1/2总重量的稀释剂形成第三溶液；
S32：将聚氨酯丙烯酸酯、流平剂以及1/2总重量的稀释剂于常温下搅拌均匀，形成第四溶液；
S33：将吸光材料与第四溶液混合，形成第五溶液；
S34：将第三溶液与第五溶液混合搅拌，并加入分散剂、消泡剂、阻聚剂以及光引发剂。
其中，所述投影屏幕光学涂料包含聚氨酯丙烯酸酯和缩水甘油醚类环氧树脂，所述光引发剂包含樟脑醌、叔胺以及碘鎓盐，其中，所述樟脑醌、叔胺与碘鎓盐的摩尔比为2：1：1。
在上述S31中，浸泡时间优选4h-12h。
在上述S33中，优选用研磨机研磨至吸光材料完全分散。
在上述S34中，混合搅拌优选低速(≤500r/min)搅拌
需要补充的是，为了防止上述投影屏幕光学涂料变性，需要密封储存光学涂料。
下面再介绍一种本实施例投影屏幕光学涂料的使用方法，所述使用方法包含如下步骤：
S201：将投影屏幕光学涂料以丝网印刷方式涂布于屏幕基材上；
S202：蓝光辐照固化投影屏幕光学涂料至表干；
S203：将屏幕基材没有投影屏幕光学涂料的一面与扩散膜贴合，形成抗光屏幕产品。
上述投影屏幕光学涂料采用自由基聚合与阳离子聚合复配形式，既可以将光学涂料快速固化成型，又可以以暗反应方式保证膜层深度固化，避免了因吸光材料的加入而产生的固化不完全问题。
对本实施例各组分进行混合，制得投影屏幕光学涂料，将其用于生产菲涅尔微结构光学屏幕，可达到效果为：对比度9.0，中心增益1.0，且其反射率可达(对于波长为400nm-700nm的光)21％，半增益可视角为45°。
实施例八
本实施例中投影屏幕光学涂料各组分具体组成及使用比例为：
Figure PCTCN2020072889-appb-000011
本实施例中所述投影屏幕光学涂料可采用实施例七中所记载的制备方法制备，在此不再赘述。
对本实施例各组分进行混合，制得投影屏幕光学涂料，将其用于生产菲涅尔微结构光学屏幕，可达到效果为：对比度10.0，中心增益0.9，且其反射率可达(对于波长为400nm-700nm的光)19％，半增益可视角为46°。
实施例九
本实施例中投影屏幕光学涂料各组分具体组成及使用比例为：
Figure PCTCN2020072889-appb-000012
本实施例中所述投影屏幕光学涂料可采用实施例七中所记载的制备方法制备，在此不再赘述。
对本实施例各组分进行混合，制得投影屏幕光学涂料，将其用于生产菲涅尔微结构光学屏幕，可达到效果为：对比度8.0，中心增益1.1，且其反射率可达(对于波长为400nm-700nm的光)19％，半增益可视角为44°。
综上所述，本发明提供一种可同时提高投影屏幕增益和对比度的投影屏幕光学涂料，所述投影屏幕光学涂料中成膜物质无须使用挥发性的有机溶剂便可溶解，且在使用时采用光固化工艺进行固化，无任何挥发性有机物的排放，与传统溶剂型光学涂料相比，具有环保的优点，可极大程度地降低气体污染；所述投影屏幕光学涂料添加了铝银粉和吸光材料，通过铝银粉的定向排布实现了屏幕的定向高反射率， 进而达到高增益的效果，而吸光材料的加入则提高了屏幕的对比度，使激光电视投影画面的图像颜色更加饱和、鲜艳。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种投影屏幕光学涂料，其特征在于，所述投影屏幕光学涂料包含按重量份计的如下组分：
    Figure PCTCN2020072889-appb-100001
    其中，所述吸光材料为炭黑、灯黑、铁黑、苯胺黑中的一种或多种，其平均粒径为20nm-2000nm，所述铝银粉为片状，其平均粒径为3μm-10μm。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的投影屏幕光学涂料，其特征在于，所述丙烯酸酯低聚物的酸价≤8mgKOH/g，且羟值≥65mgKOH/g。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的投影屏幕光学涂料，其特征在于，所述丙烯酸酯低聚物为聚氨酯丙烯酸酯、聚酯丙烯酸酯、聚醚丙烯酸酯、环氧丙烯酸酯中的一种或多种。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的投影屏幕光学涂料，其特征在于，所述丙烯酸酯低聚物为水性丙烯酸酯低聚物，所述稀释剂为去离子水。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的投影屏幕光学涂料，其特征在于，所述稀释剂为丙烯酸酯类稀释性单体，所述丙烯酸酯类稀释性单体用于与所述丙烯酸酯低聚物交联，共同构成成膜物质，所述丙烯酸酯类稀释性单体为甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、聚乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯、三乙二醇二丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸十二酯、己二醇二丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三丙烯酸酯、三羟甲基丙烷三甲基丙烯酸酯、季戊四醇三丙烯酸酯中的一种或多种。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的投影屏幕光学涂料，其特征在于，所述投影屏幕光学涂料还包含0.1-5重量份的流平剂，所述流平剂为醋酸丁酸纤维素。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的投影屏幕光学涂料，其特征在于，所述投影屏幕光学涂料还包含0.5-5重量份的防沉触变剂，所述防沉触变剂为有机膨润土、聚乙烯蜡、聚酰胺蜡、聚氨酯触变剂中的一种或多种。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的投影屏幕光学涂料，其特征在于，所述投影屏幕光学涂料还包含0.2-5重量份的分散剂，所述分散剂为多元醇、硬脂酸、磷酸盐中的一种或多种。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的投影屏幕光学涂料，其特征在于，所述助剂为消泡剂、阻聚剂、润湿剂、抗氧化剂中的一种或多种；所述消泡剂为乙醇、正丁醇、有机硅酯、矿物油中的一种或多种，所述消泡剂的含量为0.1-3重量份；所述阻聚剂为羟基苯甲醚和/或对苯二酚，所述阻聚剂的含量为0.2-3重量份；所述润湿剂为卵磷脂、多氨基盐、多价羧酸盐中的一种或多种。
  10. 如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的投影屏幕光学涂料，其特征在于，所述投影屏幕光学涂料还包含20-25重量份的环氧树脂低聚物，所述环氧树脂低聚物为缩水甘油醚类环氧树脂、缩水甘油酯类环氧树脂、缩水甘油胺类环氧树脂中的一种或多种。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的投影屏幕光学涂料，其特征在于，所述光引发剂为樟脑醌、叔胺以及碘鎓盐，所述樟脑醌、所述叔胺以及所述碘鎓盐的摩尔比为2：1：1。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的投影屏幕光学涂料，其特征在于，所述 叔胺为三乙胺、N,N-二甲氨基苯甲酸乙酯或4-二甲氨基苯甲酸乙酯，所述碘鎓盐为三芳基碘鎓盐、二芳基碘鎓盐或烷基碘鎓盐。
  13. 如权利要求1所述的投影屏幕光学涂料，其特征在于，所述光引发剂为二苯基氧化膦、1-羟基环己基苯基甲酮、樟脑醌中的一种或多种。
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