WO2020147295A1 - 一种Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/054—Accumulators with insertion or intercalation of metals other than lithium, e.g. with magnesium or aluminium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- the invention belongs to the technical field of nano materials, and relates to a Se-doped MXene battery negative electrode material and a preparation method and application thereof, in particular to the application as an electrode material in a potassium ion battery.
- lithium-ion batteries have achieved great success in the fields of electric vehicles and portable electronic devices.
- the main factor limiting the continuous development of lithium-ion battery technology is that the reserves of lithium resources in the earth's crust are small and unevenly distributed.
- the price of lithium resources is also rising, which is bound to Limit its application in large-scale electrical energy storage systems. Therefore, from a practical point of view and long-term consideration, relatively inexpensive potassium ion batteries have gradually attracted the attention of researchers.
- one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a Se-doped MXene battery negative electrode material.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned Se-doped MXene battery negative electrode material.
- the present invention provides an application of a Se-doped MXene battery negative electrode material, and the Se-doped MXene battery negative electrode material is used as a potassium ion battery negative electrode.
- a preparation method of Se-doped MXene battery negative electrode material is a heat treatment method and includes the following steps:
- step (3) Wash the sample prepared in step (2) with a cleaning agent, centrifuge, and vacuum dry for 10-24 hours to obtain the Se-doped MXene battery negative electrode material.
- the organic Se source is at least one of dibenzyl diselenide, selenophenol, and dimethyl selenium, preferably dibenzyl diselenide, and more preferably the mass ratio is (3 to 5):1 Dibenzyl diselenide and dimethyl selenium.
- the MXene is Ti 3 C 2 T x , Mo 3 C 2 T x , V 3 C 2 T x , Ti 3 N 2 T x , Mo 3 N 2 T x , V 3 N 2 T x
- Mo 3 N 2 T x , optional V 3 C 2 T x , optional Ti 3 N 2 T x preferably Ti 3 C 2 T x and Ti 3 C 2 T x with a mass ratio of 7-9:1 Mo 3 C 2 T x , Ti 3 C 2 T x , Mo 3 C 2 T x and V 3 C 2 T x can be selected (for example, the mass ratio is 4-9:1:1)
- T x is the surface functional group -O , -F or -OH.
- the cleaning agent is at least one of water and ethanol.
- the sample prepared in step (2) is washed with deionized water and absolute ethanol 2-6 times each, or alternatively with deionized water and absolute ethanol, preferably 3-4 times.
- the amount of Se doping in the Se-doped MXene battery anode material is 1-10 wt% (for example, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 wt%).
- the protective gas is N 2 or Ar
- the gas flow rate is 150-300 ml/min, such as 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260, 270, 280, 290 , 300ml/min.
- step (2) the heating temperature is 300-500°C, the reaction time is 2-5h, and the heat preservation is 2-4h.
- the rotating speed used for centrifugation in step (3) is 4000-6000 revolutions per minute, preferably 5000 revolutions per minute.
- the vacuum drying temperature in step (3) is 50-70°C, preferably 60°C, and the vacuum degree does not exceed 133 Pa, for example, does not exceed 125, 115, 105, 95, 85 Pa.
- a Se-doped MXene battery negative electrode material prepared by a method for preparing a Se-doped MXene battery negative electrode material.
- MXene As a new type of two-dimensional layered material, MXene has the advantages of good conductivity and high specific surface area. At present, MXene has received extensive attention and research as an electrode material for supercapacitors or lithium-ion batteries. The distance is small, the surface adsorbs -F/-OH and other groups, which is not conducive to the rapid migration of electrons or ions in the MXene material. After Se doping, part of the C and N atoms in MXene are replaced by Se atoms, and the surface has a large number of structural defects, resulting in more electrochemically active sites, and further improving the rate, cycle stability, and specific capacity. , The composite material is applied to the anode material of the potassium ion battery, which can construct a potassium ion battery with high performance, high safety and low cost.
- the potassium ion battery negative electrode prepared by the present invention not only has good electrical conductivity, but also has a higher specific capacity and stable charge-discharge cycle characteristics;
- the preparation method of the present invention is simple, high in production efficiency, and low in raw material cost, and is suitable for large-scale development and application of potassium ion batteries.
- Figure 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of the undoped MXene material in Comparative Example 1;
- Example 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of Se-doped MXene material in Example 1;
- Figure 3 is a graph showing the cycle performance of the negative electrode of an undoped MXene potassium ion battery in Comparative Example 1;
- Example 4 is a graph showing the cycle performance of the negative electrode of the Se-doped MXene potassium ion battery in Example 1.
- a preparation method of Se-doped MXene battery negative electrode material is used.
- a heat treatment method is used to prepare Se-doped MXene material by using MXene and dibenzyl diselenide in a mass ratio of 1:1 as raw materials, including the following steps :
- step (3) The sample prepared in step (2) was washed 3 times with deionized water and absolute ethanol each, centrifuged, and dried under vacuum at 60° C. for 10 hours to finally prepare Se-doped MXene material.
- the specific surface area of MXene doped with Se in this example is 208.5m 2 /g, the interlayer spacing is 0.73nm, and the selenium atom content is 1%, which is much larger than the specific surface area (61.9m 2 /g) and interlayer spacing of undoped MXene (0.57nm);
- the negative electrode of the doped MXene potassium ion battery shown in Figure 4 has a reversible capacity of 234mAh/g after 100 cycles at a current density of 100mA/g, which is the undoped MXene potassium ion shown in Figure 3.
- the negative electrode (121.7mAh/g) of the battery is 1.9 times, and the Se-doped MXene battery negative electrode material of this embodiment has very stable charge-discharge cycle characteristics.
- a method for preparing Se-doped MXene battery negative electrode material includes the following steps:
- step (3) The sample prepared in step (2) was washed with deionized water and absolute ethanol 3 times each, centrifuged, and dried under vacuum at 60° C. for 18 hours to finally prepare Se-doped MXene material.
- the specific surface area of Se-doped MXene in this example is 341.7m 2 /g, the interlayer spacing is 0.79nm, and the selenium atom content is 7%, which is much larger than the specific surface area (61.9m 2 /g) and interlayer spacing of undoped MXene. (0.57nm);
- the negative electrode of the doped MXene potassium ion battery in this embodiment has a reversible capacity of 328mAh/g after 100 cycles at a current density of 100mA/g, which is an undoped MXene potassium ion battery negative electrode (121.7mAh /g), and the Se-doped MXene battery negative electrode material of this embodiment has very stable charge-discharge cycle characteristics.
- a preparation method of Se-doped MXene battery negative electrode material is adopted to use MXene and dibenzyl diselenide as raw materials in a mass ratio of 1:5, and the method includes the following steps:
- step (3) The sample prepared in step (2) was washed with deionized water and absolute ethanol 3 times each, centrifuged, and dried under vacuum at 60° C. for 24 hours to finally prepare Se-doped MXene material.
- the specific surface area of MXene doped with Se in this example is 291.3m 2 /g, the interlayer spacing is 0.80nm, and the selenium atom content is 9%, which is much larger than the specific surface area (61.9m 2 /g) and interlayer spacing of undoped MXene. (0.57nm);
- the reversible capacity of the negative electrode of the doped MXene potassium ion battery in this embodiment at a current density of 100mA/g after 100 cycles is 279mAh/g, which is an undoped MXene potassium ion battery negative electrode (121.7mAh /g), and the Se-doped MXene battery negative electrode material of this embodiment has very stable charge-discharge cycle characteristics.
- a method for preparing Se-doped MXene battery negative electrode material includes the following steps:
- step (3) The sample prepared in step (2) was washed 3 times with deionized water and absolute ethanol each, centrifuged, and dried at 60° C. under vacuum for 12 hours to finally prepare Se-doped MXene material.
- the reversible capacity of the Se-doped MXene potassium ion battery negative electrode in this example at a current density of 100mA/g after 100 cycles is 363mAh/g, which is the negative electrode of the undoped MXene potassium ion battery (121.7mAh/g) 3.0 times, and the Se-doped MXene battery negative electrode material of this embodiment has very stable charge-discharge cycle characteristics.
- a preparation method of Se-doped MXene battery negative electrode material is adopted.
- a heat treatment method is adopted to use MXene and an organic Se source as raw materials in a mass ratio of 1:4, including the following steps:
- step (3) The sample prepared in step (2) was washed 3 times with deionized water and absolute ethanol each, centrifuged, and dried under vacuum at 60° C. for 10 hours to finally prepare Se-doped MXene material.
- the reversible capacity of the negative electrode of the doped MXene potassium ion battery in this example at a current density of 100mA/g after 100 cycles is 406mAh/g, which is 3.34 of that of the non-doped MXene potassium ion battery negative electrode (121.7mAh/g)
- the Se-doped MXene battery negative electrode material of this embodiment has very stable charge-discharge cycle characteristics.
- Comparative Example 1 Undoped MXene potassium ion battery negative electrode.
- Comparative Example 2 Using an inorganic selenium source (such as selenium powder), the negative electrode of a potassium ion battery doped with MXene, the doping process is the same as in Example 2.
- an inorganic selenium source such as selenium powder
- the negative electrode of a potassium ion battery doped with MXene the doping process is the same as in Example 2.
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Abstract
一种Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料及其制备方法,包括以下步骤:(1)将MXene和有机Se源按照质量比为1∶1~5分别放置于石英舟的两端;(2)将石英舟放于管式炉中,其中,将有机Se源放置于管式炉的上游,通入保护气体,以4~6℃/min的升温速度加热至300-1100℃,反应时间为2-10h,保温2-6h,然后自然冷却到室温;(3)将步骤(2)所制样品用清洗剂进行洗涤后离心,真空干燥10-24h,得到所述Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料。制备得到的钾离子电池负极,不但具有良好的导电性能,还具有较高的比容量及稳定的充放电循环特性。
Description
本发明属于纳米材料技术领域,涉及一种Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料及其制备方法和应用,特别是在钾离子电池中作为电极材料的应用。
近年来,人类过度使用化石能源引起的能源与环境危机严重影响了人类社会的可持续发展,为此,研究开发新型可再生清洁能源已经成为目前的研究重点。
目前,锂离子电池作为一种二次电池储能系统已经在电动汽车和便携电子设备等领域取得了巨大的成功。目前来讲,限制锂离子电池技术持续发展的主要因素是锂资源在地壳中的储量较少且分布不均,随着锂离子电池用量不断增加,锂资源的价格也节节攀升,这势必会限制其在大型电能储存系统中的应用。因此,从现实角度及长远考虑,相对廉价的钾离子电池逐渐引起了研究人员的关注。
因为钾在自然界中储量丰富(钾元素在地壳中丰度为2.47%),成本低廉,氧化还原电位较负(K+/K,-2.936V相对于标准氢电极电位),能量密度高,较长的循环使用寿命及良好的倍率性能等方面的优势,基于以上优点,对钾离子电池研究越来越受到人们的关注。因此,发展价格低廉且具良好循环性能的钾离子电池具有巨大的商业价值。
而现有电池行业中,制备钾电池的方法或工艺步骤较多,这样容易增加成本,而如果简单的省略一些工艺步骤又会导致性能下降。此外,广泛使用的硫掺杂MXene的技术采用H
2S作为硫源,毒性大,有很强的污染性,后续处理困难。因而,通过简单的方法制备低成本、更安全环保的Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料及其钾离子电池具有重要的现实意义。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的问题,本发明的目的之一在于提供一种Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料。本发明的另一目的在于提供上述Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料的制备方法。进一步的,本发明提供一种Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料的应用,将所述Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料用作钾离子电池负极。
本发明采用以下技术方案:
一种Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料的制备方法,所述制备方法为热处理法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将MXene和有机Se源按照质量比为1∶(1~5),可选1∶(2~4),例如1∶3, 分别放置于石英舟的两端;
(2)将石英舟放于管式炉中,其中,将盛放有机Se源的一端放置于管式炉的上游,通入保护气体,以4~6℃/min的升温速度加热至300-1100℃(例如400℃、500℃、600℃、700℃、800℃、900℃、1000℃),反应时间为2-10h(例如2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10h),保温2-6h(例如2、3、4、5、6h),然后自然冷却到室温;
(3)将步骤(2)所制样品用清洗剂进行洗涤后离心,真空干燥10-24h,得到所述Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料。
进一步地,所述有机Se源为二苄基二硒醚、苯硒酚、二甲基硒中的至少一种,优选二苄基二硒醚,更优选质量比为(3~5)∶1的二苄基二硒醚和二甲基硒。
进一步地,所述MXene为Ti
3C
2T
x、Mo
3C
2T
x、V
3C
2T
x、Ti
3N
2T
x、Mo
3N
2T
x、V
3N
2T
x中的一种或多种,可选Mo
3N
2T
x,可选V
3C
2T
x,可选Ti
3N
2T
x,优选质量比为7~9∶1的Ti
3C
2T
x和Mo
3C
2T
x,可选Ti
3C
2T
x、Mo
3C
2T
x和V
3C
2T
x(例如质量比为4~9∶1∶1),T
x为表面官能团-O、-F或-OH。
进一步地,所述清洗剂为水、乙醇中的至少一种。优选地,步骤(2)所制样品用去离子水和无水乙醇各清洗2-6次,也可以用去离子水和无水乙醇交替清洗,优选3-4次。
进一步地,所述Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料中Se掺杂量为1-10wt%(例如2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10wt%)。
进一步地,所述保护气体为N
2或Ar,气体流速为150-300ml/min,例如160、170、180、190、200、210、220、230、240、250、260、270、280、290、300ml/min。
进一步地,步骤(2)中加热温度为300-500℃,反应时间为2-5h,保温2-4h。
进一步地,步骤(3)中所述离心使用的转速为4000-6000转/分,优选5000转/分。
进一步地,步骤(3)中真空干燥的温度为50-70℃,优选60℃,真空度不超过133Pa,例如不超过125、115、105、95、85Pa。
一种Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料的制备方法制备得到的Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料。
一种Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料的应用,将所述Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料用于钾离子电池负极。
MXene材料作为一种新型二维层状材料,MXene具有导电性好、比表面积高等优点,目前,MXene作为超级电容器或锂离子电池的电极材料,受到广泛的关注与研究,然而,MXene材料由于层间距小,表面吸附-F/-OH等基团,不利于电子或离子在MXene材料中快速迁移。通过Se掺杂后,MXene中部分C、N原子被Se原子取代,表面具有大量的结构缺陷,从而造成更多地电化学活性位点,使其倍率性、循环稳定性、比容量等进一步提高,将该复合材 料应用于钾离子电池负极材料,可以构建高性能、高安全、低成本的钾离子电池。
本发明的有益效果:
(1)本发明制备的钾离子电池负极,不但具有良好的导电性能,还具有较高的比容量及稳定的充放电循环特性;
(2)本发明的制备方法简单、生产效率高、原料成本低,适用于钾离子电池的大规模开发和应用。
图1是对比例1中未掺杂MXene材料的扫描电镜图;
图2是实施例1中Se掺杂MXene材料的扫描电镜图;
图3是对比例1中未掺杂MXene钾离子电池负极循环性能图;
图4是实施例1中Se掺杂MXene钾离子电池负极循环性能图。
为了更好的解释本发明,现结合以下具体实施例做进一步说明,但是本发明不限于具体实施例。
实施例1
一种Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料的制备方法,本实施例中采用热处理的方法将MXene和二苄基二硒醚按照质量比为1∶1为原料,制备Se掺杂MXene材料,包括以下步骤:
(1)将50mg MXene材料(Ti
3C
2T
x)和50mg二苄基二硒醚分别放置于石英舟的两端;
(2)将石英舟放于管式炉中,其中,二苄基二硒醚放置于管式炉的上游,通入高纯度Ar气,流速为150ml/min,加热温度为300℃,加热速率为5℃/min,反应时间为2h,并在此温度下保温2h,之后自然冷却到室温;
(3)将步骤(2)所制样品用去离子水和无水乙醇各清洗3次,离心后,在60℃真空下干燥10h,最终制得Se掺杂MXene材料。
(4)钾离子电池负极制备:将(3)所得的Se掺杂MXene与聚偏氟乙烯粘结剂、碳黑,按质量比为8∶1∶1的比例混合,加入适量的N-甲基吡咯烷酮溶液搅拌分散,搅拌均匀后形成浆料涂覆在集流体上,经真空干燥、切片后,制成钾离子电池负极片。
本实施例Se掺杂后的MXene比表面积为208.5m
2/g,层间距为0.73nm,硒原子含量为1%,远大于未掺杂MXene的比表面积(61.9m
2/g)、层间距(0.57nm);图4所示掺杂的MXene钾离子电池负极的在100mA/g的电流密度下,循环100圈后的可逆容量为234mAh/g,是图3所示未掺杂MXene钾离子电池负极(121.7mAh/g)的1.9倍,且本实施例Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料具有非常稳定的充放电循环特性。
实施例2
一种Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料的制备方法,本实施例中采用热处理的方法将MXene和二苄基二硒醚按照质量比为1∶3为原料,包括以下步骤:
(1)将100mg MXene材料(Ti
3C
2T
x)和300mg二苄基二硒醚分别放置于石英舟的两端;
(2)将石英舟放于管式炉中,其中,二苄基二硒醚放置于管式炉的上游,通入高纯度Ar气,气体流速为200ml/min,加热温度为700℃,加热速率为5℃/min,反应时间为6h,并在此温度下保温4h,之后自然冷却到室温;
(3)将步骤(2)所制样品用去离子水和无水乙醇各清洗3次,离心后,在60℃真空下干燥18h,最终制得Se掺杂MXene材料。
(4)钾离子电池负极制备:将(3)所得的Se掺杂MXene与聚偏氟乙烯粘结剂、碳黑,按质量比为8∶1∶1的比例混合,加入适量的N-甲基吡咯烷酮溶液搅拌分散,搅拌均匀后形成浆料涂覆在集流体上,经真空干燥、切片后,制得钾离子电池负极片。
本实施例Se掺杂后的MXene比表面积为341.7m
2/g,层间距为0.79nm,硒原子含量为7%,远大于未掺杂MXene的比表面积(61.9m
2/g)、层间距(0.57nm);本实施例掺杂的MXene钾离子电池负极的在100mA/g的电流密度下,循环100圈后的可逆容量为328mAh/g,是未掺杂MXene钾离子电池负极(121.7mAh/g)的2.7倍,且本实施例Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料具有非常稳定的充放电循环特性。
实施例3
一种Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料的制备方法,本实施例中采用热处理的方法将MXene和二苄基二硒醚按照质量比为1∶5为原料,包括以下步骤:
(1)将200mg MXene材料(Ti
3C
2T
x)和1000mg二苄基二硒醚分别放置于石英舟的两端;
(2)将石英舟放于管式炉中,其中,二苄基二硒醚放置于管式炉的上游,通入高纯度Ar气,气体流速为300ml/min,加热温度为1100℃,加热速率为5℃/min,反应时间为10h,并在此温度下保温6h,之后自然冷却到室温;
(3)将步骤(2)所制样品用去离子水和无水乙醇各清洗3次,离心后,在60℃真空下干燥24h,最终制得Se掺杂MXene材料。
(4)钾离子电池负极制备:将(3)所得的Se掺杂MXene与聚偏氟乙烯粘结剂、碳黑,按质量比为8∶1∶1的比例混合,加入适量的N-甲基吡咯烷酮溶液搅拌分散,搅拌均匀后形成浆料涂覆在集流体上,经真空干燥、切片后,制得钾离子电池负极片。
本实施例Se掺杂后的MXene比表面积为291.3m
2/g,层间距为0.80nm,硒原子含量为9%,远大于未掺杂MXene的比表面积(61.9m
2/g)、层间距(0.57nm);本实施例掺杂的MXene钾离子电池负极的在100mA/g的电流密度下,循环100圈后的可逆容量为279mAh/g,是未掺杂MXene钾离子电池负极(121.7mAh/g)的2.3倍,且本实施例Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料具有非常稳定的充放电循环特性。
实施例4
一种Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料的制备方法,本实施例中采用热处理的方法将MXene和二苄基二硒醚按照质量比为1∶2为原料,包括以下步骤:
(1)将100mg MXene材料(90mg Ti
3C
2T
x和10mg Mo
3C
2T
x)和200mg二苄基二硒醚分别放置于石英舟的两端;
(2)将石英舟放于管式炉中,其中,二苄基二硒醚放置于管式炉的上游,通入高纯度Ar气,气体流速为180ml/min,加热温度为500℃,加热速率为5℃/min,反应时间为4h,并在此温度下保温2h,之后自然冷却到室温;
(3)将步骤(2)所制样品用去离子水和无水乙醇各清洗3次,离心后,在60℃真空下干燥12h,最终制得Se掺杂MXene材料。
(4)钾离子电池负极制备:将(3)所得的Se掺杂MXene与聚偏氟乙烯粘结剂、碳黑,按质量比为8∶1∶1的比例混合,加入适量的N-甲基吡咯烷酮溶液搅拌分散,搅拌均匀后形成浆料涂覆在集流体上,经真空干燥、切片后,制得钾离子电池负极片。
本实施例Se掺杂的MXene钾离子电池负极的在100mA/g的电流密度下,循环100圈后的可逆容量为363mAh/g,是未掺杂MXene钾离子电池负极(121.7mAh/g)的3.0倍,且本实施例Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料具有非常稳定的充放电循环特性。
实施例5
一种Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料的制备方法,本实施例中采用热处理的方法将MXene和有机Se源按照质量比为1∶4为原料,包括以下步骤:
(1)将100mg MXene材料(V
3C
2T
x)和有机Se源(300mg二苄基二硒醚和100mg二甲基硒混合均匀)分别放置于石英舟的两端;
(2)将石英舟放于管式炉中,其中,有机Se源放置于管式炉的上游,通入高纯度Ar气,气体流速为230ml/min,加热温度为600℃,加热速率为5℃/min,反应时间为3h,并在此温度下保温2h,之后自然冷却到室温;
(3)将步骤(2)所制样品用去离子水和无水乙醇各清洗3次,离心后,在60℃真空下干燥10h,最终制得Se掺杂MXene材料。
(4)钾离子电池负极制备:将(3)所得的Se掺杂MXene与聚偏氟乙烯粘结剂、碳黑,按质量比为8∶1∶1的比例混合,加入适量的N-甲基吡咯烷酮溶液搅拌分散,搅拌均匀后形成浆料涂覆在集流体上,经真空干燥、切片后,制得钾离子电池负极片。
本实施例掺杂的MXene钾离子电池负极的在100mA/g的电流密度下,循环100圈后的可逆容量为406mAh/g,是未掺杂MXene钾离子电池负极(121.7mAh/g)的3.34倍,且本实施例Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料具有非常稳定的充放电循环特性。
对比例1:未掺杂MXene钾离子电池负极。
对比例2:使用无机硒源(例如硒粉),掺杂MXene的钾离子电池负极,掺杂过程同实施例2。
表1:性能测试
以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是利用本发明作的等效变换,或直接或间接运用在其它相关的技术领域,均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围之中。
Claims (10)
- 一种Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:(1)将MXene和有机Se源按照质量比为1∶1~5分别放置于石英舟的两端;(2)将石英舟放于管式炉中,其中,将放有有机Se源的一端放置于管式炉的上游,通入保护气体,以4~6℃/min的升温速度加热至300-1100℃,反应时间为2-10h,保温2-6h,然后自然冷却到室温;(3)将步骤(2)所得样品用清洗剂进行洗涤后离心,真空干燥10-24h,得到所述Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料。
- 根据权利要求1所述的Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述有机Se源为二苄基二硒醚、苯硒酚、二甲基硒中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述MXene为Ti 3C 2T x、Mo 3C 2T x、V 3C 2T x、Ti 3N 2T x、Mo 3N 2T x、V 3N 2T x中的一种或多种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述清洗剂为水、乙醇中的至少一种。
- 根据权利要求1所述的Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料中Se掺杂量为1-10wt%。
- 根据权利要求1所述的Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述保护气体为N 2或Ar,气体流速为150-300ml/min。
- 根据权利要求1所述的Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中加热温度为300-500℃,反应时间为2-5h,保温2-4h。
- 根据权利要求1所述的Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中所述离心使用的转速为4000-6000转/分;真空干燥的温度为50-70℃,真空度为不超过133Pa。
- 一种Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料,其特征在于,所述Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料由权利要求1-8中任一项所述的制备方法制备得到。
- 一种根据权利要求9所述的Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料的应用,其特征在于,将所述Se掺杂MXene电池负极材料用于钾离子电池负极。
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| CN114933286A (zh) * | 2022-06-23 | 2022-08-23 | 山东大学 | Se@MXene复合材料及其制备方法与全固态锂电池 |
| CN116332137A (zh) * | 2023-01-05 | 2023-06-27 | 南京信息工程大学 | 一种多元金属硒化物吸波材料及其制备方法 |
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| CN117602623A (zh) * | 2020-12-14 | 2024-02-27 | 北京航空航天大学 | 一种MXene材料表面官能团的改性方法 |
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