WO2020137502A1 - ごみ焼却炉及びその制御方法 - Google Patents

ごみ焼却炉及びその制御方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020137502A1
WO2020137502A1 PCT/JP2019/048184 JP2019048184W WO2020137502A1 WO 2020137502 A1 WO2020137502 A1 WO 2020137502A1 JP 2019048184 W JP2019048184 W JP 2019048184W WO 2020137502 A1 WO2020137502 A1 WO 2020137502A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dust
waste
amount
component
accumulated
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2019/048184
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
陽介 岩崎
亮輔 南
隼太 秋山
橋本　大
信宏 浅井
康平 橋本
Original Assignee
川崎重工業株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 川崎重工業株式会社 filed Critical 川崎重工業株式会社
Priority to KR1020217022005A priority Critical patent/KR102470121B1/ko
Priority to CN201980085712.9A priority patent/CN113227654B/zh
Publication of WO2020137502A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020137502A1/ja
Priority to PH12021551068A priority patent/PH12021551068A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a refuse incinerator equipped with a stoker-type transfer device and a control method therefor, and more specifically to a technique for predicting the deadness of refuse.
  • a waste incinerator equipped with a stoker-type transfer device that transfers waste from the upstream to the downstream in the order of a drying stage, a combustion stage, and a post-combustion stage.
  • the waste incinerator is equipped with a dust supply device that supplies waste to the drying stage.
  • the dust supply device includes a pusher that is reciprocally driven, and the amount of dust supplied to the drying stage changes depending on the stroke and operation cycle of the pusher.
  • the waste transport speed of each stage of the drying stage, the combustion stage, and the post-combustion stage changes depending on the operating speed of the grate of each stage.
  • Exhaust heat from the waste incinerator is recovered by the exhaust heat recovery boiler and used for power generation.
  • Patent Document 1 the dust thickness in the drying stage and the combustion stage is detected by the infrared detecting means, and the dust transport speed in the drying stage and the dust transport speed in the combustion stage are independent based on the detected dust thickness. It is described that it adjusts.
  • Patent Document 2 describes that the dust thickness of the drying stage is detected from the differential pressure between the pressure in the air box that sends the combustion air to the drying stage and the pressure in the furnace. The detected dust thickness of the drying stage is used for adjusting the dust conveying speed of the drying stage.
  • Patent Document 3 describes that the dust thickness (dust height) of the dry stage is detected by oscillating a radio wave from above the dust of the dry stage and receiving the reflected wave. ..
  • the detected dust thickness of the drying stage is used for adjusting the amount of dust supplied to the drying stage.
  • JP-A-7-004629 Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-9288 JP, 2017-145980, A
  • the quality of waste in the drying stage may fluctuate.
  • the appropriate amount of waste accumulated in the furnace also changes. For example, even if the same volume of waste is carried into the combustion stage, the amount of waste that is burned may be insufficient if the density of waste is low, and the amount of waste that is burned may be excessive if the density of waste is high.
  • the amount of exhaust heat generated by burning the waste decreases, and the amount of power generation decreases.
  • the dust quality changes in this manner, maintaining the dust thickness in the drying stage at a predetermined value does not necessarily stabilize the power generation amount.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to propose a technique for predicting the withdrawal of waste in a waste incinerator equipped with a stoker-type transfer device in consideration of fluctuations in waste quality. It is in.
  • a method for controlling a refuse incinerator A method for controlling a refuse incinerator equipped with a stoker-type transport device for transporting waste in the order of a drying stage for drying the waste, a combustion stage for burning the dry waste, and a post-combustion stage for incineration of the burned waste.
  • a combustion chamber having a stoker-type conveying device that conveys the waste in the order of a drying stage for drying the waste, a combustion stage for burning the dried waste, and a post-combustion stage for ashing the burned waste, A dust supply device for supplying waste to the drying stage, A dust amount detection device that detects the dust thickness or volume of the drying stage as the amount of accumulated dust in the furnace, From the time series data of the amount of accumulated waste, a fluctuation component from the standard value of the amount of accumulated waste in a predetermined evaluation period is extracted, and a decreasing component is extracted from the variable component, and monotonically decreases with respect to the amount of accumulated waste.
  • a correction gain that is constant is calculated, and the reduction component is corrected by multiplying the reduction component by the correction gain, and the corrected reduction component is used as a dust reduction index, and a predetermined dust withdrawal is performed based on the dust reduction index.
  • a control device that performs a corresponding process.
  • the refuse reduction index is obtained by correcting the obtained reducing components with a correction gain corresponding to the amount of accumulated refuse in the furnace. Therefore, it is possible to evaluate the possibility of actually causing dust withdrawal based on the dust reduction index, and also to evaluate the degree of the lack of dust fuel (dust withdrawal) that occurs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a refuse incineration plant including a refuse incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the staying dust amount adjusting device.
  • FIG. 3 is a data flow diagram of the accumulated dust amount adjustment processing.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph 1 showing an example of a time series change in the amount of accumulated refuse in the furnace during the evaluation period.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph 2 showing the fluctuation component extracted from the time series data of the amount of accumulated refuse in the furnace of the graph 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph 3 showing the decreasing component extracted from the fluctuation component of the graph 2.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the correction gain-retained dust amount information.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of waste reduction index-control correction amount information.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a refuse incineration plant 100 including a refuse incinerator 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the waste incineration plant 100 shown in FIG. 1 is recovered by a waste storage facility 3 that stores waste, a waste incinerator 1 that incinerates the waste, a boiler 2 that recovers exhaust heat of the waste incinerator 1, and a boiler 2. And a power generation facility 8 for generating power using the exhaust heat.
  • the waste storage facility 3 and the power generation facility 8 may be provided adjacent to the incineration plant 100.
  • the waste storage facility 3 is provided with a pit 60 adjacent to the waste incinerator 1 for temporarily storing the waste processed in the waste incinerator 1. Above the pit 60, a crane 6 is provided for loading the waste in the pit 60 into the refuse incinerator 1. The crane 6 grabs the waste in the pit 60 with a bucket and loads the waste into a loading hopper 12 of the waste incinerator 1 described later. Although the conveyor is interposed between the crane 6 and the input hopper 12 in FIG. 1, the conveyor may be omitted.
  • the refuse incinerator 1 is a stoker type incinerator.
  • the waste incinerator 1 is provided with a main combustion chamber 14 (primary combustion chamber) and a secondary combustion chamber 19.
  • the floor portion of the main combustion chamber 14 is provided with a stoker-type transfer device S including a drying stoker 15, a combustion stoker 16, and a post-combustion stoker 17, which are arranged in a stepwise manner from the upper side to the lower side.
  • the dry stoker 15 forms a drying stage S 1
  • the combustion stoker 16 forms a combustion stage S 2
  • the post-combustion stoker 17 forms a post-combustion stage S 3 .
  • a discharge chute 18 that discharges incineration ash from the main combustion chamber 14 is provided on the downstream side of the post-combustion stoker 17.
  • Stalker 15, 16 and 17 of each stage is driven by hydraulic cylinders 15c, 16c and 17c.
  • hydraulic cylinders 15c, 16c and 17c By changing the reciprocating driving speed of the stokers 15, 16 and 17 by the hydraulic cylinders 15c, 16c and 17c, it is possible to independently change the conveying speed of the dust by the stokers 15, 16 and 17 of each stage.
  • the air boxes 15a, 16a, 17a are provided below the stokers 15, 16, 17 of each stage.
  • Primary combustion air 51 is supplied to the wind chambers 15a, 16a, 17a, and the primary combustion air 51 penetrates the stokers 15, 16, 17 from below and is introduced into the main combustion chamber 14.
  • the flow rate of the primary combustion air supplied to each air box 15a, 16a, 17a is adjusted by the dampers 15b, 16b, 17b provided for each air box 15a, 16a, 17a.
  • the secondary combustion air 52 is supplied from the ceiling of the main combustion chamber 14 toward the inside of the main combustion chamber 14.
  • the input hopper 12 is connected to the inlet of the main combustion chamber 14 via a chute 13.
  • the trash in the pit 60 is loaded into the loading hopper 12 by the crane 6.
  • a dust-feeding device 41 that sends out the waste to the drying stage S 1 .
  • the dust supply device 41 includes a pusher 41a that pushes out dust and a drive device 41b that horizontally reciprocates the pusher 41a.
  • the waste that has been input from the input hopper 12 through the chute 13 to the inlet of the main combustion chamber 14 falls to the step 41c provided immediately upstream of the drying stage S 1 .
  • the dust on the step 41c is pushed out to the drying stage S 1 by the dust supply device 41.
  • the waste is dried in the drying stage S 1 , heated to near the ignition point, and sent to the combustion stage S 2 .
  • the dried dust is ignited while being conveyed in the combustion stage S 2 , and a part of the ignited dust is thermally decomposed to generate a combustible pyrolysis gas.
  • This pyrolysis gas rides on the primary combustion air 51, moves to the upper part of the main combustion chamber 14, and flame-combusts with the secondary combustion air 52.
  • the rest of the ignited waste is burned in the post-combustion stage S 3 , and the incineration ash remaining after the combustion is discharged from the discharge chute 18 and sent to an ash processing facility (not shown).
  • the combustion exhaust gas of the main combustion chamber 14 is mixed with the secondary combustion air 52 blown out from the ceiling portion on the downstream side of the main combustion chamber 14, and is completely combusted in the secondary combustion chamber 19.
  • a boiler 2 for recovering thermal energy from the combustion exhaust gas flowing through the flue 20, 21, 22 is formed in the flue 20, 21, 22 that is continuous with the secondary combustion chamber 19 of the refuse incinerator 1.
  • a water pipe 23 connected to a boiler drum 24 is stretched around the walls of the first flue 20 and the second flue 21. Further, the boiler drum 24 is connected to the superheat pipe 27 of the superheater 25.
  • the superheat pipe 27 is installed in the third flue 22, and the steam passing through the superheat pipe 27 recovers the heat of the exhaust gas passing through the third flue 22.
  • the amount of steam sent from the superheater 25 to the power generation equipment 8 is measured by the steam flow meter 39.
  • the power generation facility 8 includes a power generator 85 and a steam turbine 84 that drives the power generator 85, and the steam turbine 84 is rotated by the steam sent from the boiler 2.
  • the combustion exhaust gas that has passed through the boiler 2 is discharged to the exhaust passage 28 connected to the third flue 22.
  • the exhaust path 28 is provided with a bag filter 81, an induction blower 82, and the like, and the exhaust gas of the boiler 2 is exhausted from the chimney 83 to the atmosphere after dust is separated by the bag filter 81.
  • the operation of the refuse incineration plant 100 having the above configuration is controlled by the combustion control device 10.
  • the combustion control device 10 uses the dust supply device 41 so that the main steam flow rate detected by the steam flow meter 39 has a predetermined value (and/or satisfies a predetermined waste incineration amount).
  • so-called automatic combustion control is performed to adjust the flow rates of the primary combustion air 51 and the secondary combustion air 52 required to burn the dust.
  • the incineration plant 100 includes the accumulated dust amount adjusting device 7 and increases the amount of dust corresponding to the predicted dust withdrawal, whereby the main steam flow rate of the boiler 2 due to the dust withdrawal. Of the electric power generation equipment 8 is suppressed, and the electric power generation amount of the electric power generation equipment 8 is stabilized.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the accumulated waste amount adjusting device 7.
  • the staying waste amount adjusting device 7 shown in FIG. 2 is a waste amount detecting device 79 (see FIG. 1) for detecting the amount of staying waste in the furnace, and prevents the deadness of dust from occurring based on the detected amount of staying waste in the furnace.
  • a control device 70 (a retained dust amount control device) for controlling the amount of retained dust in the furnace.
  • the accumulated dust amount adjusting device 7 is described independently of the combustion control device 10, but the accumulated dust amount adjusting device 7 may be configured as one functional unit of the combustion control device 10.
  • the control device 70 includes functional units including a staying dust amount measuring unit 71, a fluctuation component extracting unit 72, a decreasing component extracting unit 73, a gain calculating unit 74, and a dust withdrawal processing unit 75.
  • the control device 70 may be embodied as a kind of computer such as a PLC (programmable controller).
  • the control device 70 includes a processor 70a including a CPU, MPU, GPU, and the like, and a volatile and nonvolatile memory 70b.
  • the processor 70a reads and executes various programs stored in the memory 70b to perform processing for realizing each functional unit of the control device 70.
  • Fig. 3 is a data flow diagram of the accumulated waste amount adjustment processing. The function of each functional unit of the control device 70 of the accumulated dust amount adjusting device 7 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.
  • the control device 70 is electrically connected to the dust amount detection device 79.
  • the dust amount detection device 79 is provided in the dust incinerator 1 and periodically detects the dust amount in the drying stage S 1 .
  • the amount of dust detected by the dust amount detector 79 is output to the controller 70 as the amount R of accumulated dust in the furnace.
  • the accumulated dust amount measuring unit 71 stores the acquired accumulated dust amount R in the memory 70b in association with the detection time. In this way, the time series data of the amount R of accumulated dust in the furnace is accumulated in the memory 70b.
  • the amount of dust detected by the dust amount detection device 79 may be the thickness of dust on the dry stoker 15 or the volume of dust on the dry stoker 15 that can be obtained from the thickness of dust.
  • the form of the dust amount detection device 79 is not limited as long as it can detect the dust thickness on the dry stoker 15.
  • the dust amount detection device 79 is configured by an infrared camera (or a visible light camera) and an image processing device, and the image processing device performs image processing on a captured image of the camera to obtain the dust thickness. Good.
  • the dust amount detection device 79 includes an ultrasonic wave or radio wave transmission/reception device and a processing device, and the transmission/reception device oscillates a wave toward the surface of the dust on the drying stoker 15 and reflects it on the surface of the dust.
  • the wave may be received, and the processing device may obtain the dust layer based on the time from oscillation to reception.
  • the dust thickness may be a value detected at a single position on the drying stoker 15, or may be an average value of values detected at a plurality of positions on the drying stoker 15.
  • the variable component extraction unit 72 extracts a short-term variable component of the accumulated waste amount R.
  • the short-term fluctuation component of the accumulated dust amount R represents the fluctuation component of the accumulated dust amount in the furnace due to the intermittent dusting operation of the dust supply device 41.
  • the fluctuation component extraction unit 72 filters the amount of accumulated dust R when extracting the fluctuation component.
  • the filter used here may be, for example, a high-pass filter or a band-pass filter.
  • the filter used is not particularly limited, but a filter with a large delay should be excluded for the purpose of detecting dust withdrawal in advance. Further, it is desirable that the cutoff frequency of the filter is longer than the time from the timing of dusting until the energy appears in the main steam flow rate of the boiler 2.
  • the short-term fluctuation component of the accumulated waste amount R extracted by the filtering as described above is obtained by removing the long-term fluctuation component from the time series change of the accumulated waste amount R.
  • the long-term fluctuation component removed by the filter can be regarded as the standard value of the amount R of accumulated dust. That is, it can be said that the short-term fluctuation component of the accumulated dust amount R is a fluctuation component from the standard value of the accumulated dust amount R. In this way, by performing the filtering for extracting the short-term fluctuation component from the accumulated waste amount R, the fluctuation component from the standard value of the accumulated waste amount R can be calculated without calculating the standard value (that is, the long-term fluctuation). Can be extracted.
  • the fluctuation component from the standard value of the accumulated dust amount R may be a fluctuation component from the calculated standard value of the accumulated dust amount in the furnace (hereinafter, referred to as “standard value R S ”).
  • the fluctuation component extraction unit 72 reads the time series data of the accumulated dust amount R in a predetermined evaluation period from the memory 70b, and extracts the fluctuation component from the standard value R S of the accumulated dust amount R.
  • the standard value R S may be a median value, an average value, or a moving average value of the latest predetermined period in the time series data of the amount R of accumulated waste.
  • the standard value R S may be a value input by the operator as appropriate and stored in the memory 70b.
  • FIG. 4 is a graph 1 showing an example of the time series change of the amount R of accumulated dust in the furnace during the evaluation period
  • the vertical axis represents the amount R of accumulated dust in the furnace
  • the horizontal axis represents time
  • FIG. 5 is a graph 2 showing the fluctuation component extracted from the time series data of the amount R of accumulated dust in the furnace of the graph 1.
  • the vertical axis of the graph 2 represents the fluctuation component
  • the horizontal axis represents the time.
  • the horizontal axes (time) of graph 1 and graph 2 correspond to each other.
  • the fluctuation component of the amount R of accumulated waste includes an increasing component larger than 0 and a decreasing component smaller than 0.
  • the decreasing component extracting unit 73 extracts only the decreasing component from the fluctuation component.
  • the decreasing component extracting unit 73 extracts the decreasing component by, for example, converting the plus component of the fluctuation component of the accumulated dust amount R into a minus component and converting the minus component into a plus component, and removing a number of 0 or less by the lower limit limiter. May be.
  • the decreasing component extracted in this way becomes the absolute value of the decreasing component of the fluctuation component of the amount R of accumulated dust.
  • FIG. 6 is a graph 3 showing the decreasing component extracted from the fluctuation component of the graph 2.
  • the vertical axis of the graph 3 represents the decreasing component of the fluctuation component of the amount R of accumulated dust, and the horizontal axis represents the time.
  • the horizontal axes (time) of graphs 1 to 3 correspond to each other.
  • the gain calculation section 74 calculates a correction gain G corresponding to the amount R of accumulated dust. More specifically, the gain calculation unit 74 acquires the amount of staying dust R, and calculates the correction gain G from the amount of staying dust R by using “correction gain-retained dust amount information”.
  • the correction gain-accumulation waste amount information is information indicating the relationship between the correction gain G and the accumulation waste amount R, and is stored in the memory 70b in advance.
  • the amount of staying waste R used by the gain calculator 74 is the current amount of staying waste R detected by the waste amount detector 79.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example of correction gain-accumulated waste amount information.
  • the correction gain G is the maximum value GH in the range of the retained dust amount R from 0 to ⁇ 1
  • the correction gain G is the maximum value in the range of the retained dust amount R from ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 2. It decreases from GH with an increase in the amount R of retained dust
  • the correction gain G is the minimum value GL in the range where the amount R of retained dust is ⁇ 2 or more.
  • the correction gain G monotonically decreases with respect to the accumulated dust amount R in the range of the accumulated dust amount R from ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 2.
  • Both the maximum value GH and the minimum value GL are numbers larger than 0.
  • the correction gain G is not limited to the above, and may be a constant value regardless of the value of the accumulated dust amount R.
  • the dust withdrawal processing unit 75 multiplies the reduction component by the correction gain G to obtain the dust reduction index I.
  • the dust thickness of the drying stage S 1 is sufficiently large, that is, when the value of the correction gain G is small, the possibility of dust withdrawal is low even if the decreasing component is large.
  • the dust thickness of the drying stage S 1 is small, that is, when the value of the correction gain G is large, the possibility of dust withdrawal increases as the decreasing component increases.
  • the dust reduction index I is an evaluation index of the possibility that dust withdrawal actually occurs when the reduction component is corrected by the correction gain G.
  • the dust withdrawal processing unit 75 further performs a predetermined dust withdrawal process based on the dust reduction index I.
  • the correction amount of the dust operation amount (or the dust amount) is calculated based on the dust reduction index I, and the dust operation amount corrected by the correction amount is used as the combustion control device. 10 (or the dust supply device 41).
  • the correspondence processing unit 75 obtains the control correction amount C of the operating end corresponding to the dust reduction index I.
  • the operation end may be, for example, at least one of the stroke of the pusher 41a of the dust feeding device 41 and the operation cycle of the pusher 41a.
  • the dust withdrawal processing unit 75 uses the “dust reduction index-control correction amount information” stored in advance in the memory 70b when obtaining the control correction amount C of the operating end.
  • the dust reduction index-control correction amount information is information indicating the relationship between the dust reduction index and the control correction amount of the operating end.
  • FIG. 8 shows an example of waste reduction index-control correction amount information.
  • the dust reduction index-control correction amount information shows that the control correction amount C gradually increases from 0 to the maximum correction amount CH in the range of the dust reduction index I from 0 to ⁇ 1, and the control correction amount when the dust reduction index I is ⁇ 1 or more.
  • C is the maximum correction amount CH.
  • Each of the control correction amounts C is a number larger than 0.
  • the control correction amount C illustrated in FIG. 8 is a variable, the control correction amount C may be a constant. Further, when there are a plurality of operation ends, it is possible to give superiority or inferiority to the control correction amount C for each operation end by providing the dust reduction index-control correction amount information for each operation end.
  • the calculated control correction amount C is output to the combustion control device 10.
  • the combustion control device 10 corrects the control amount of the dust supply device 41 based on the acquired control correction amount C. That is, the control correction amount C corresponds to the correction amount of the dust supply amount by the dust supply device 41. As a result, when it is predicted that the dust will die, the amount of dust supplied to the drying stage S 1 increases, and the dust can be avoided.
  • the waste incinerator 1 has the drying stage S 1 for drying the waste, the combustion stage S 2 for burning the dried waste, and the post-combustion stage for ashing the burned waste.
  • a combustion chamber main combustion chamber 14 having a stoker type conveyance device S that conveys waste in the order of S 3, a dusting device 41 that supplies the waste to the drying stage S 1 , and a drying stage as the amount R of accumulated waste in the furnace.
  • a dust amount detection device 79 for detecting the dust thickness or volume of S 1 and a control device 70 are provided.
  • the control device 70 extracts, from the time series data of the amount of accumulated waste, a fluctuation component from the standard value of the amount R of accumulated waste in a predetermined evaluation period, and extracts a decreasing component of the fluctuation component, with respect to the amount R of accumulated waste. Then, a correction gain G that monotonically decreases or becomes constant is obtained, the reduction component is corrected by multiplying the reduction component by the correction gain G, and the corrected reduction component is set as the dust reduction index I, and based on the dust reduction index I. Perform a predetermined dust withdrawal process.
  • control method of the refuse incinerator 1 is to detect the dust thickness or the dust volume of the drying stage S 1 as the accumulated dust amount R in the furnace, and from the time series data of the accumulated dust amount R, Extracting a variation component from the standard value of the amount of accumulated waste R in a predetermined evaluation period, extracting a decreasing component of the amount of variation, and obtaining a correction gain G that monotonically decreases or becomes constant with respect to the amount R of accumulated dust. That is, the reduction component is corrected by multiplying the reduction component by the correction gain G, and the corrected reduction component is set as the dust reduction index I, and a predetermined dust withdrawal process is performed based on the dust reduction index I. Including that.
  • a decreasing component is calculated from the measured fluctuation amount of the accumulated waste amount R in the furnace, that is, the amount of waste in the drying stage S 1, and a decreasing component is calculated from the decreasing components. Capture signs of garbage withering.
  • the decreasing component extracted from the measured value of the amount of accumulated waste R is used for the prediction of dust withdrawal, so even if the amount of accumulated accumulated waste in the furnace changes with the change in the quality of waste, it will have an effect on it. It is possible to predict a shortage of the waste fuel (waste dead) without receiving it, and it is possible to perform an appropriate process for the predicted waste dead.
  • the waste reduction index I is obtained by correcting the calculated reduction component with the correction gain G corresponding to the amount R of accumulated dust in the furnace. Therefore, it is possible to evaluate the possibility of actually causing dust withdrawal by using the dust reduction index I, and also to evaluate the degree of lack of dust fuel (dust withdrawal) that occurs.
  • the above-described refuse withdrawal process obtains the correction amount of the dust operation amount based on the dust reduction index I, and the dust operation amount corrected by the correction amount. Is output to the feeding device 41.
  • the above-mentioned waste withdrawal processing is based on the waste reduction index I to obtain a correction amount of the amount of dust supplied to the drying stage S 1 . Including.
  • the amount of dust supplied to the drying stage S 1 is automatically corrected based on the dust reduction index I, so that a good amount of accumulated dust in the furnace can be automatically maintained.
  • the correction amount of the dust operation amount (correction amount of the dust amount) is based on the decrease component (that is, the dust decrease index I) corrected by the correction gain G corresponding to the amount R of accumulated dust in the furnace. ..
  • the garbage withdrawal process is a correction of the dust supply amount (or the dust supply operation amount) to the drying stage S 1 .
  • the processing for dealing with dust is not limited to this, and may include two or more kinds of processing.
  • the above-mentioned dust withdrawal process predicts the presence or absence of dust withdrawal based on the dust reduction index I, and when dust withdrawal is predicted, outputs it to the informing device 77 to inform it. May be included.
  • the staying dust amount adjusting device 7 may further include, for example, a notification device 77 (see FIG. 2) such as a sound or light notification device or a display monitor.
  • the operator can adjust the amount of dust corresponding to the dust withdrawal, the transport speed of each stage of the stoker type transport device S, and the primary speed.
  • the flow rate of the combustion air 51 can be adjusted, and the amount of dust introduced into the input hopper 12 can be adjusted.
  • the garbage withdrawal treatment is performed based on the garbage reduction index I, but before that, the necessity of the garbage withdrawal treatment may be determined. ..
  • the dust withdrawal processing unit 75 of the accumulated dust amount adjusting device 7 determines whether there is a sign of dust withdrawal (prediction of dust withdrawal) by comparing the dust reduction index I with a predetermined threshold, and the dust reduction index If I is equal to or less than the threshold value, it is assumed that dust dead is not predicted, and the dust dead handling process may be omitted.
  • the dust withdrawal processing unit 75 may compare the dust reduction index I with a predetermined threshold value, or the integrated value of the dust reduction index I (graph in FIG. 6). The area of the thin black portion 3) may be compared with a predetermined threshold value.
  • Waste incinerator 2 Boiler 3: Waste storage equipment 6: Crane 7: Accumulated waste amount adjusting device 70a: Processor 70b: Memory 8: Power generation equipment 10: Combustion control device 12: Input hopper 13: Chute 14: Main combustion chamber 15: Dry stoker 16: Combustion stoker 17: Post-combustion stokers 15a, 16a, 17a: Wind boxes 15b, 16b, 17b: Dampers 15c, 16c, 17c: Hydraulic cylinder 18: Discharge chute 20, 21, 22: Flue 24: Boiler drum 25: Superheater 28: Exhaust path 39: Steam flow meter 41: Dust supply device 51, 52: Combustion air 60: Pit 70: Control device 71: Accumulated dust amount measurement unit 72: Fluctuation component extraction unit 73: Decrease component Extraction unit 74: Gain calculation unit 75: Waste withdrawal processing unit 77: Notification device 79: Waste amount detection device 84: Steam turbine 85: Generator 100: Incineration plant

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
PCT/JP2019/048184 2018-12-27 2019-12-10 ごみ焼却炉及びその制御方法 WO2020137502A1 (ja)

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KR1020217022005A KR102470121B1 (ko) 2018-12-27 2019-12-10 쓰레기 소각로 및 그 제어 방법
CN201980085712.9A CN113227654B (zh) 2018-12-27 2019-12-10 垃圾焚烧炉及其控制方法
PH12021551068A PH12021551068A1 (en) 2018-12-27 2021-05-10 Waste incinerator and method for controlling the same

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JP2018245506A JP7231406B2 (ja) 2018-12-27 2018-12-27 ごみ焼却炉及びその制御方法
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JP2020106216A (ja) 2020-07-09
CN113227654A (zh) 2021-08-06
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KR102470121B1 (ko) 2022-11-23
KR20210102399A (ko) 2021-08-19
CN113227654B (zh) 2023-09-22

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