WO2020135319A1 - 电线 - Google Patents

电线 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020135319A1
WO2020135319A1 PCT/CN2019/127370 CN2019127370W WO2020135319A1 WO 2020135319 A1 WO2020135319 A1 WO 2020135319A1 CN 2019127370 W CN2019127370 W CN 2019127370W WO 2020135319 A1 WO2020135319 A1 WO 2020135319A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
connector
conductive
electric wire
fixed
wire according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/127370
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何仁城
Original Assignee
深圳市大可奇科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市大可奇科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市大可奇科技有限公司
Priority to JP2021600103U priority Critical patent/JP3236671U/ja
Publication of WO2020135319A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020135319A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/0009—Details relating to the conductive cores
    • H01B7/0027—Liquid conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/04—Flexible cables, conductors, or cords, e.g. trailing cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00

Definitions

  • the present application relates to electric wires.
  • Electric wires as the most common conductive products, are widely used in the electrical connection of various electrical appliances and electronic products. 5 See the wire including the conductor made of metal material and the insulation layer wrapped around the outer layer of the conductor. The conductor cross-section is round and extends in a strip shape. The insulation layer is wrapped around the outside of the conductor to isolate the conductor from the outside. connection. In the use of some specific equipment, the wire is repeatedly moved or bent, and the conductor generates metal fatigue during reciprocating motion and damages or even breaks.
  • One of the purposes of the embodiments of the present application is to: solve the problem of conductor damage due to reciprocating motion.
  • An electric wire including:
  • the fixed catheter is made of a flexible material, the fixed catheter extends left and right and has a receiving cavity penetrating therethrough
  • the conductive medium is composed of a plurality of granular conductive particles filling the containing cavity;
  • connection structure includes a left connector for closing the left end surface of the fixed catheter and a right connector for closing the right end surface of the fixed catheter, the left connector and the right connector are both conductive materials Made and in contact with the conductive medium;
  • each of the conductive particles is used to receive the current from the left connector and transfer it to the right connector or to transfer the current from the right connector to the left connector.
  • the conductive medium includes a plurality of spherical conductive balls located in the receiving cavity, and the diameter of the conductive ball is smaller than the cross-sectional diameter of the receiving cavity; [0011] Each of the conductive balls is commonly used to receive current from the left connector and transfer it to the right connector or to transfer current from the right connector to the left connector.
  • the diameter of each of the conductive balls is the same.
  • the ratio of the diameter of the conductive ball to the cross-sectional diameter of the receiving cavity is (0, 0.5) U (0.5,
  • the diameter of the conductive ball is greater than or equal to 1mm
  • the conductive ball is made of a metal material, conductive plastic, or conductive rubber.
  • the electric wire further includes a lubricant filled in the accommodating cavity, and the lubricant is made of a conductive material.
  • the lubricant is graphite powder.
  • the left connecting member includes a left sealing plate that hermetically connects the fixed duct to close the left end surface of the fixed duct and a left wiring connecting the left sealing plate and extending to the left
  • the right connector includes a right sealing plate that airtightly connects the fixed duct to close the right end surface of the fixed duct, and a right wire connecting the right sealing plate and extending to the right.
  • the left connector and the right connector are both made of copper material.
  • the electric wire further includes at least one anti-tension wire connected to the left connector and the right connector at both ends, the elastic modulus of the anti-tension wire is higher than the fixed The elastic modulus of the catheter is small
  • the anti-pull wire has a plurality of loops provided on the outer surface of the fixed catheter.
  • the fixed catheter is made of an elastic material.
  • the conductive medium is a graphite powder in powder form, the graphite powder is used to receive the current from the left connector and transfer it to the right connector or from The current of the right connector is transferred to the left connector.
  • the fixed conduit is made of an elastic material
  • the conductive medium is graphite powder and conductive balls
  • the ratio of the diameter of the conductive ball to the cross-sectional diameter of the containing cavity is (0, 1.2].
  • An electric wire comprising:
  • the fixed catheter is made of a flexible material, and the fixed catheter extends left and right and has a receiving cavity penetrating therethrough
  • the conductive medium is a liquid metal filled in the accommodating cavity, and the liquid metal is one of gallium, sodium, potassium, mercury, potassium-sodium alloy, or gallium-indium-tin alloy;
  • connection structure includes a left connector for closing the left end surface of the fixed catheter and a right connector for closing the right end surface of the fixed catheter, the left connector and the right connector are both conductive materials It is made and connected to the conductive medium.
  • the beneficial effects of the electric wire are as follows: the conductive particles are used as the conductive medium, and the conductive particles are in the form of particles, so that when the fixed catheter is deformed under pressure, each conductive particle can perform an adaptive movement to Adapt to changes in fixed catheters. Therefore, the use of granular conductive particles as the conductive medium can solve the problem of conductor damage due to reciprocating motion.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electric wire according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electric wire according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein the diameter of the conductive ball is different from that of FIG. 1.
  • this embodiment provides a wire, including a fixed conduit 10, a conductive medium 20 and a connection structure 30.
  • the fixed catheter 10 is made of a flexible material, and the fixed catheter 10 extends left and right and has a receiving cavity penetrating therethrough.
  • the conductive medium 20 is composed of a plurality of granular conductive particles filling the containing cavity.
  • connection structure 30 includes a left connector 31 for closing the left end surface of the fixed catheter 10 and a closed connector 31 for closing the fixed catheter
  • the right connecting member 32, the left connecting member 31 and the right connecting member 32 on the right end surface are made of conductive material and are in contact with the conductive medium 20.
  • each conductive particle is used to receive the current from the left connector 31 and transfer it to the right connector 32 or to transfer the current from the right connector 32 to the left connector 31.
  • the fixing conduit 10 and the connecting structure 30 are enclosed to fix each conductive particle, and the connecting structure 30 and each conductive particle together form a structure for conducting electricity to realize a conducting function.
  • the conductive particles are used as the conductive medium 20, the conductive particles are in the form of particles, so that when the fixed catheter 10 is deformed under pressure, each conductive particle can perform an adaptive movement to adapt to the change of the fixed catheter 10. Therefore, the use of granular conductive particles as the conductive medium 20 can solve the problem of conductor damage due to reciprocating motion.
  • the fixed catheter 10 is made of an elastic material.
  • the fixed catheter 10 elastically deforms (ie, deforms the receiving cavity) under pressure and applies pressure to the conductive particles.
  • Each conductive particle has a larger degree of freedom, and can roll under pressure and adjust the relative positional relationship between the conductive particles.
  • the overall shape is changed to adapt to the change of the receiving cavity, and after the external force is released, the receiving cavity returns to its original shape under the elastic restoring force of the fixed catheter 10, that is, The shape of the conductive medium 20 also returns to its original shape.
  • the conductive medium 20 and the fixed catheter 10 have an interference fit.
  • the fixed conduit 10 exerts an inward pressure on the conductive particles, which helps to improve the compactness of each conductive particle and thus improve the conductive performance of the conductive medium 20.
  • the conductive medium 20 includes a plurality of spherical conductive balls 21 located in the receiving cavity, and the diameter of the conductive ball 21 is smaller than the cross-sectional diameter of the receiving cavity.
  • the conductive balls 21 are collectively used to receive the current from the left connector 31 and transfer it to the right connector 32 or to transfer the current from the right connector 32 to the left connector 31.
  • Each conductive ball 21 plays a role of conducting current. Those skilled in the art can understand that each conductive ball 21 is filled in the accommodating cavity and abuts each other to form an uninterrupted current channel.
  • the diameter of each conductive ball 21 is the same to reduce the production design cost. In other embodiments, the diameter of each conductive ball 21 may be set to have two or more diameters. As long as it is filled into the accommodating cavity and can be stacked to achieve the transfer of electricity.
  • the diameter of the conductive ball 21 is smaller than the cross-sectional diameter of the receiving cavity, thereby providing a deformation space for the fixed catheter 10 to be compressed.
  • the ratio of the diameter of the conductive ball 21 to the cross-sectional diameter of the receiving cavity is (0, 0.5) 11 (0.5, 1). That is, the conductive ball 21 excludes the case where the cross-sectional diameter of the accommodating cavity is the same as and equal to half of the cross-sectional diameter of the accommodating cavity. If the conductive ball 21 has the same diameter as the accommodating cavity, the conductive ball 21 blocks the accommodating cavity. Due to the limitation of the conductive ball 21, the accommodating cavity is difficult to deform inward, so that the fixed catheter 10 forms a stress concentration at the position where it contacts the conductive ball 21, which is easy to fix The catheter 10 is damaged.
  • the conductive ball 21 is equal to half of the diameter of the accommodating cavity, and it is easier for two conductive balls 21 to abut against the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity, and the fixed catheter 10 will be in stress concentration at the position of contact with the conductive ball 21 to fix Condition where the catheter 10 is damaged. It has been proved by experiments that in the case where the equal diameters of the conductive balls 21 are set, the diameter of the conductive balls 21 is equal to one-third of the cross-sectional diameter of the accommodating cavity. As long as the diameter dimension of the conductive ball 21 is avoided to be equal to the cross-sectional diameter of the receiving cavity or half of the cross-sectional diameter of the receiving cavity. In the view of FIG.
  • the ratio of the diameter of the conductive ball 21 to the cross-sectional diameter of the receiving cavity is 0.57. In other embodiments, the ratio may be 0.6, 0.65, 0.7, 0.8, and so on. In the view of FIG. 2, the ratio of the diameter of the conductive ball 21 to the cross-sectional diameter of the containing cavity is 0.25. Those skilled in the art can also select the ratio to be 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, etc.
  • the diameter of the conductive ball 21 decreases, the number of conductive balls 21 that can be accommodated in the cross-section of the receiving cavity increases More, that is, the more contact points between the conductive balls 21 in the cross-section of each containing cavity, thereby providing more current paths to further ensure the current conducting performance of the conductive medium 20.
  • the diameter of the conductive ball 21 should also consider the processing difficulty and economic cost.
  • the diameter of the conductive ball 21 is greater than or equal to 1 mm. Thereby reducing the processing difficulty.
  • Those skilled in the art can also design the diameter of the conductive ball 21 to be 2mm, 3mm, 3.8mm, 5mm, etc. according to the processing conditions.
  • the electric wire further includes a lubricant 22 filled in the accommodating cavity, and the lubricant 22 is made of a conductive material.
  • the addition of lubricant 22 fills the gap between the conductive balls 21.
  • the lubricant 22 and the conductive ball 21 together provide support to the fixed conduit 10, that is, the lubricant 2 2
  • the addition of ⁇ increases the stress area of the conductive ball 21, thereby reducing the stress concentration when the fixed catheter 10 is compressed.
  • the lubricant 22 plays a role in lubricating the conductive balls 21 and reduces the frictional force of the conductive balls 21 in rolling, so that each conductive ball 21 can make a corresponding shape adjustment faster according to the external force.
  • the lubricant 22 since the lubricant 22 is made of a conductive material, it forms a conductor together with the conductive ball 21, thereby further ensuring the smooth conduction of current.
  • the lubricant 22 is graphite powder.
  • Graphite is an excellent lubricating material and also a good conductive material.
  • the use of graphite material as the lubricant 22 is beneficial to reduce the material cost.
  • the left connector 31 includes a left sealing plate 311 which is airtightly connected to the fixed conduit 10 to close the left end surface of the fixed conduit 10, a left wiring 312 connecting the left sealing plate 311 and extending to the left, and a right connector 32 It includes a right sealing plate 321 that is airtightly connected to the fixed duct 10 to close the right end surface of the fixed duct 10 and a right wire 322 that connects the right sealing plate 321 and extends to the right.
  • the connection between the left sealing plate 311 and the right sealing plate 321 and the fixed duct 10 can be connected by an interference fit.
  • the left sealing plate 311 and the right sealing plate 321 are deep into the accommodating cavity, and the contact area is increased to improve their connection with the fixed duct 10 connection tightness.
  • Those skilled in the art may also use ultrasonic welding or other connection methods to connect the left sealing plate 311 and the right sealing plate 321 to the fixed duct 10. As long as the connection surface meets the airtightness requirements.
  • the arrangement of the left wiring 312 and the right wiring 322 facilitates the connection of the wire with the device or with another wire.
  • the left sealing plate 311 and the left wiring 312 are arranged in one body, and the right sealing plate 321 and the right wiring 322 are arranged in one piece, thereby improving the structural strength and wire performance of the left connector 31 and the right connector 32.
  • the left connector 31 and the right connector 32 are both made of copper material.
  • the left connecting member 31 and the right connecting member 32 can also be made of nonferrous metals with excellent electrical conductivity, such as aluminum, copper-clad steel, and copper-clad aluminum.
  • the conductive ball 21 is made of copper, aluminum, steel and other metal materials with excellent conductive properties or composite materials such as conductive plastic and conductive rubber, or may be made of solid solution alloy materials, such as gallium indium alloy.
  • the fixed catheter 10 is made of an insulating material.
  • the fixed catheter 10 is made of a rubber material with high temperature resistance and weak brittleness.
  • the electric wire further includes at least one anti-tension wire 40 connected to the left connector 31 and the right connector 32 at both ends, the elastic modulus of the anti-tension wire 40 is higher than the elasticity of the fixed catheter 10 The modulus is small.
  • the anti-pull wire 40 is used to protect the fixed catheter 10. Under the action of external force, the anti-pull wire 40 produces a certain amount of elastic deformation. Because the elastic modulus of the anti-pull wire 40 is smaller than the elastic modulus of the fixed catheter 10, the fixed catheter 10 has a smaller deformation range. The external force is mainly caused by the anti-pull wire 40 The elastic restoring force is balanced to protect the fixed catheter 10.
  • the anti-tension wire 40 has a plurality of loops disposed on the outer surface of the fixed catheter 10. Thereby further improving the anti-pull effect.
  • Each anti-tension wire 40 is arranged in parallel or woven into a tubular structure sleeved on the outer surface of the fixed catheter 10.
  • the conductive medium 20 is a graphite powder in the form of powder, the graphite powder is used to receive the current from the left connecting member 31 and transfer it to the right connecting member 32 or from the right connecting member 32 'S current is passed to the left connector 31.
  • graphite powder is filled in the accommodating cavity. It is further preferred that the graphite powder particles have nanometer-sized particles.
  • the fixed catheter 10 is made of an elastic material
  • the conductive medium 20 is graphite powder and a conductive ball 21, and the ratio of the diameter of the conductive ball 21 to the cross-sectional diameter of the receiving cavity is (0, 1.2).
  • the conductive ball 21 may be a single layer or multiple layers.
  • the ratio of the diameter of the conductive ball 21 to the cross-sectional diameter of the receiving cavity is between 1 and 1.2, that is, the conductive ball 21 and the fixed catheter 10. Interference fit.
  • Graphite powder is filled in the gap between the conductive balls 21. It should be noted that at this time, it is not required that both adjacent conductive balls 21 need to be in contact with each other.
  • the conductive medium 20 is a liquid metal that fills the receiving cavity.
  • the liquid metal refers to an amorphous metal.
  • the liquid metal can be regarded as a mixture of positive ion fluid and free electrons. Liquid metal exhibits hydraulic characteristics, such as viscous fluid flow, unstable flow, porous tube flow, and turbulent flow.
  • the liquid metal is one of gallium, sodium, potassium, mercury, potassium sodium alloy or gallium indium tin alloy.
  • the conductive medium 20 is a conductive magnetic fluid.
  • the magnetic fluid is formed by coating a layer of long-chain surfactant with magnetic particles in the order of nanometers (about 10 nanometers) and uniformly dispersing them in the base fluid. A uniform and stable colloidal solution with liquid fluidity characteristics.

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  • Media Introduction/Drainage Providing Device (AREA)
  • Connections Effected By Soldering, Adhesion, Or Permanent Deformation (AREA)

Abstract

一种电线，包括：固定导管（10），为柔性材料制成，所述固定导管（10）左右延伸并具有左右贯通的容纳腔；导电介质（20），由多个填充所述容纳腔的颗粒状导电颗粒构成；连接结构（30），包括用于封闭所述固定导管（10）左端面的左连接件（31）和用于封闭所述固定导管（10）右端面的右连接件（32），所述左连接件（31）和所述右连接件（32）均为导电材料制成并与所述导电介质（20）抵接；其中，各所述导电颗粒共同用于接收来自所述左连接件（31）的电流并将其传递至所述右连接件（32）或将来自所述右连接件（32）的电流传递至所述左连接件（31）。该电线解决了导体因往复运动而损伤的问题。

Description

电线
技术领域
[0001] 本申请涉及电线。
背景技术
[0002] 电线作为最常见的导电产品广泛用于各种电器设备、 电子产品的电连接。 5见有 电线包括金属材料制成的导体和裹附在导体外层的绝缘层， 导体截面为圆形并 成条状左右延伸， 绝缘层裹附在导体外侧以在裹附处隔绝导体与外界连接。 在 一些特定的设备使用中， 电线被反复移动或弯曲， 导体在往复运动中产生金属 疲劳而损伤乃至断裂。
发明概述
技术问题
[0003] 本申请实施例的目的之一在于： 解决导体因往复运动而损伤的问题。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0004] 为解决上述技术问题， 本申请实施例采用的技术方案是：
[0005] 一种电线， 包括：
[0006] 固定导管， 为柔性材料制成， 所述固定导管左右延伸并具有左右贯通的容纳腔
[0007] 导电介质， 由多个填充所述容纳腔的颗粒状导电颗粒构成；
[0008] 连接结构， 包括用于封闭所述固定导管左端面的左连接件和用于封闭所述固定 导管右端面的右连接件， 所述左连接件和所述右连接件均为导电材料制成并与 所述导电介质抵接；
[0009] 其中， 各所述导电颗粒共同用于接收来自所述左连接件的电流并将其传递至所 述右连接件或将来自所述右连接件的电流传递至所述左连接件。
[0010] 在其中一实施例中， 所述导电介质， 包括多个位于所述容纳腔并呈球状的导电 球， 所述导电球直径小于所述容纳腔的截面直径； [0011] 各所述导电球共同用于接收来自所述左连接件的电流并将其传递至所述右连接 件或将来自所述右连接件的电流传递至所述左连接件。
[0012] 在其中一实施例中， 各所述导电球直径均相同。
[0013] 在其中一实施例中， 所述导电球直径与所述容纳腔截面直径之比为 (0,0.5)U(0.5,
1）。
[0014] 在其中一实施例中， 所述导电球直径大于或等于 1mm
[0015] 在其中一实施例中， 所述导电球采用金属材料或者导电塑胶、 导电橡胶制成。
[0016] 在其中一实施例中， 所述电线还包括填充于所述容纳腔的润滑剂， 所述润滑剂 由导电材料制成。
[0017] 在其中一实施例中， 所述润滑剂为石墨粉末。
[0018] 在其中一实施例中， 所述左连接件包括气密连接所述固定导管以封闭所述固定 导管左端面的左封板和连接所述左封板并向左延伸的左接线， 所述右连接件包 括气密连接所述固定导管以封闭所述固定导管右端面的右封板和连接所述右封 板并向右延伸的右接线。
[0019] 在其中一实施例中， 所述左连接件和所述右连接件均为铜材料制成。
[0020] 在其中一实施例中， 所述电线还包括至少一根且两端分别连接所述左连接件和 所述右连接件的防拉线， 所述防拉线的弹性模量比所述固定导管的弹性模量小
[0021] 在其中一实施例中， 所述防拉线有多个环设于所述固定导管的外表面。
[0022] 在其中一实施例中， 所述固定导管为弹性材料制成。
[0023] 在其中一实施例中， 所述导电介质为呈粉末状的石墨粉末， 所述石墨粉末用于 接收来自所述左连接件的电流并将其传递至所述右连接件或将来自所述右连接 件的电流传递至所述左连接件。
[0024] 在其中一实施例中， 所述固定导管为弹性材料制成， 所述导电介质为石墨粉末 和导电球， 所述导电球的直径与所述容纳腔截面直径之比为 (0,1.2]。
[0025] 一种电线， 包括：
[0026] 固定导管， 为柔性材料制成， 所述固定导管左右延伸并具有左右贯通的容纳腔 [0027] 导电介质， 为填充于所述容纳腔的液态金属， 所述液态金属为镓、 钠、 钾、 水 银、 钾钠合金或镓铟锡合金中的一种；
[0028] 连接结构， 包括用于封闭所述固定导管左端面的左连接件和用于封闭所述固定 导管右端面的右连接件， 所述左连接件和所述右连接件均为导电材料制成并与 所述导电介质连接。
[0029] 本申请实施例提供的电线的有益效果在于： 将导电颗粒作为导电介质， 导电颗 粒呈颗粒状， 使得固定导管在受压变形的情况下， 各导电颗粒能够做适应性的 运动， 以适应固定导管的变化。 因此， 由颗粒状的导电颗粒作为导电介质能够 解决导体因往复运动而损伤的问题。
发明的有益效果
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0030] 为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案， 下面将对实施例或示范性技术 描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍， 显而易见地， 下面描述中的附图仅仅 是本申请的一些实施例， 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在不付出创造性劳动 的前提下， 还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
[0031] 图 1是本申请实施例的电线的截面示意图；
[0032] 图 2是本申请实施例的电线的截面示意图， 其中， 导电球的直径与图 1不同。
[0033] 附图标号说明：
[0034] 10、 固定导管； 20、 导电介质； 21、 导电球； 22、 润滑剂； 30、 连接结构； 31
、 左连接件； 311、 左封板； 312、 左接线； 32、 右连接件； 321、 右封板； 322 、 右接线； 40、 防拉线。
发明实施例
本发明的实施方式
[0035] 为了使本申请的目的、 技术方案及优点更加清楚明白， 以下结合附图及实施例 ， 对本申请进行进一步详细说明。 应当理解， 此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以 解释本申请， 并不用于限定本申请。 [0036] 需说明的是， 当部件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个部件， 它可以直接在另 一个部件上或者间接在该另一个部件上。 当一个部件被称为是“连接于”另一个部 件， 它可以是直接或者间接连接至该另一个部件上。 术语“上”、 “下”、 “左”、 “ 右”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系， 仅是为了便于 描述， 而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、 以特定的方 位构造和操作， 因此不能理解为对本申请的限制， 对于本领域的普通技术人员 而言， 可以根据具体情况理解上述术语的具体含义。 术语“第一”、 “第二”仅用于 便于描述目的， 而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明技术特征的 数量。 “多个”的含义是两个或两个以上， 除非另有明确具体的限定。
[0037] 为了说明本申请所述的技术方案， 以下结合具体附图及实施例进行详细说明。
[0038] 请参照图 1至图 2， 本实施例提供一种电线， 包括固定导管 10、 导电介质 20和连 接结构 30。
[0039] 固定导管 10为柔性材料制成， 固定导管 10左右延伸并具有左右贯通的容纳腔。
[0040] 导电介质 20由多个填充容纳腔的颗粒状导电颗粒构成。
[0041] 连接结构 30包括用于封闭固定导管 10左端面的左连接件 31和用于封闭固定导管
10右端面的右连接件 32， 左连接件 31和右连接件 32均为导电材料制成并与导电 介质 20抵接。
[0042] 其中， 各导电颗粒共同用于接收来自左连接件 31的电流并将其传递至右连接件 32或将来自右连接件 32的电流传递至左连接件 31。
[0043] 本实施例提供的电线中， 固定导管 10和连接结构 30围合以固定各导电颗粒， 连 接结构 30和各导电颗粒一起形成用于导电的结构， 实现导电功能。 由于将导电 颗粒作为导电介质 20, 导电颗粒呈颗粒状， 使得固定导管 10在受压变形的情况 下， 各导电颗粒能够做适应性的运动， 以适应固定导管 10的变化。 因此， 由颗 粒状的导电颗粒作为导电介质 20能够解决导体因往复运动而损伤的问题。
[0044] 优选的， 固定导管 10为弹性材料制成。 固定导管 10在受压下弹性形变 （即容纳 腔变形） 并向导电颗粒施加压力， 各导电颗粒具有较大的自由度， 能够在压力 下各滚动并调整各导电颗粒之间的相对位置关系从而变化整体外形以适应容纳 腔的变化， 并于外力解除后在固定导管 10的弹性回复力下容纳腔回复原状， 即 导电介质 20外形也回复原状。
[0045] 优选的， 导电介质 20与固定导管 10过盈配合。 使得固定导管 10对导电颗粒施加 向内的压力， 从而有利于提高各导电颗粒的紧凑程度从而有利于提高导电介质 2 0的导电性能。
[0046] 在本实施例中， 导电介质 20包括多个位于容纳腔并呈球状的导电球 21， 导电球 21直径小于容纳腔的截面直径。
[0047] 各导电球 21共同用于接收来自左连接件 31的电流并将其传递至右连接件 32或将 来自右连接件 32的电流传递至左连接件 31。
[0048] 各导电球 21—起对电流起到导通的作用。 本领域人员可以理解， 各导电球 21填 充于容纳腔内并相互抵接以形成不间断的电流通道。
[0049] 本实施例中， 各导电球 21直径均相同， 以降低生产设计成本。 其它实施例中， 也可以将各导电球 21的直径设置成具有两种或两种以上直径。 只要填充至容纳 腔并能够堆积以实现电的传递即可。
[0050] 导电球 21直径小于容纳腔的截面直径， 从而为固定导管 10受压提供形变空间。
[0051] 优选的， 导电球 21直径与容纳腔截面直径之比为 (0,0.5)11(0.5,1)。 也就是说， 导 电球 21排除了跟容纳腔截面直径相同以及等于容纳腔截面直径一半的情况。 导 电球 21如果与容纳腔等直径， 则导电球 21堵塞容纳腔， 容纳腔由于导电球 21的 限制难以向内变形， 使得固定导管 10在与导电球 21接触的位置形成应力集中， 容易使固定导管 10受损。 导电球 21等于容纳腔直径的一半， 比较容易出现两个 导电球 21—起抵接容纳腔的腔壁的情形， 同样会出现固定导管 10在与导电球 21 接触的位置形成应力集中而使固定导管 10受损的情况。 经实验证明， 在各导电 球 21等直径设置的情况下， 导电球 21直径等于容纳腔截面直径的三分之一， 也 不容易出现三个导电球 21球心位于同一截面的情形， 因此， 只要将导电球 21的 直径尺寸避开等于容纳腔截面直径或容纳腔截面直径的一半即可。 图 1视图中， 导电球 21直径与容纳腔截面直径的比值为 0.57 , 在其它实施例中， 比值可为 0.6 、 0.65、 0.7、 0.8等。 图 2视图中， 导电球 21直径与容纳腔截面直径的比值为 0.25 ， 本领域人员也可以将比值选择为 0.1、 0.2、 0.3、 0.35、 0.4等。
[0052] 需要说明的是， 导电球 21的直径减小， 则容纳腔截面能容纳的导电球 21数量越 多， 也就是说， 各容纳腔截面各导电球 21相互的接触点越多， 从而提供更多的 电流路径， 以进一步确保导电介质 20的电流导通性能。 然而导电球 21的直径也 要考虑加工难度和经济成本。
[0053] 优选的， 导电球 21直径大于或等于 1mm。 从而降低加工难度。 本领域人员也可 以根据加工条件将导电球 21直径设计为 2mm、 3mm、 3.8mm、 5mm等。
[0054] 请参照图 1或图 2， 电线还包括填充于容纳腔的润滑剂 22， 润滑剂 22由导电材料 制成。 润滑剂 22的添置， 填充了导电球 21之间的空隙， 一方面， 在固定导管 10 受压时， 润滑剂 22和导电球 21共同对固定导管 10提供支撑， 也就是说， 润滑剂 2 2的添置增加导电球 21受力面积， 从而降低固定导管 10受压时的应力集中情况。 另一方面， 润滑剂 22对导电球 21起到润滑的作用， 降低导电球 21滚动的摩擦力 ， 使得各导电球 21更快地根据外力情况做出对应的形状调整。 此外， 由于润滑 剂 22为导电材料制成， 与导电球 21—起形成导体， 从而进一步确保电流传导的 顺畅。
[0055] 优选的， 润滑剂 22为石墨粉末。 石墨为优良的润滑材料， 同时也是良好的导电 材料。 此外， 采用石墨材料作为润滑剂 22, 有利于降低材料成本。
[0056] 请参照图 2, 左连接件 31包括气密连接固定导管 10以封闭固定导管 10左端面的 左封板 311和连接左封板 311并向左延伸的左接线 312， 右连接件 32包括气密连接 固定导管 10以封闭固定导管 10右端面的右封板 321和连接右封板 321并向右延伸 的右接线 322。 左封板 311、 右封板 321与固定导管 10的连接可通过过盈配合连接 ， 图示实施例中， 左封板 311和右封板 321深入容纳腔， 提高接触面积以提高其 与固定导管 10的连接紧固性。 本领域人员也可以采用超声波焊接或其它连接方 式将左封板 311、 右封板 321与固定导管 10连接。 只要连接面满足气密性要求即 可。 左接线 312和右接线 322的设置便利电线与设备或者与另一电线的连接。 图 示实施例中， 左封板 311和左接线 312—体设置， 右封板 321和右接线 322—体设 置， 从而提高左连接件 31、 右连接件 32的结构强度和导线性能。
[0057] 本实施例中， 左连接件 31和右连接件 32均为铜材料制成。 在其它实施例中， 左 连接件 31和右连接件 32也可以选用铝、 铜包钢、 铜包铝等导电性能优良的有色 金属制成。 [0058] 导电球 21选用导电性能优良的铜、 铝、 钢等金属材料或者导电塑胶、 导电橡胶 等复合材料制成， 也可以采用固溶合金材料制成， 比如镓铟合金。
[0059] 固定导管 10为绝缘材料制成。 优选的， 固定导管 10选用耐高温、 脆性弱的橡胶 材料制成。
[0060] 请参照图 1或图 2， 电线还包括至少一根且两端分别连接左连接件 31和右连接件 32的的防拉线 40， 防拉线 40的弹性模量比固定导管 10的弹性模量小。 防拉线 40 用于保护固定导管 10。 在受外力作用下， 防拉线 40产生一定的弹性形变， 由于 防拉线 40的弹性模量比固定导管 10的弹性模量小而使固定导管 10产生较小的形 变范围， 外力主要由防拉线 40的弹性恢复力所平衡， 从而保护固定导管 10。
[0061] 优选的， 防拉线 40有多个并环设于固定导管 10的外表面。 从而进一步提高防拉 效果。 各防拉线 40平行设置或编织呈套设在固定导管 10的外表面的管状结构。
[0062] 在另一的实施例中， 导电介质 20为呈粉末状的石墨粉末， 石墨粉末用于接收来 自左连接件 31的电流并将其传递至右连接件 32或将来自右连接件 32的电流传递 至左连接件 31。 也就是说， 容纳腔内填充的是石墨粉末。 进一步优选的， 石墨 粉末颗粒直径为纳米级颗粒。
[0063] 在另一实施例中， 固定导管 10为弹性材料制成， 导电介质 20为石墨粉末和导电 球 21， 且导电球 21的直径与容纳腔截面直径之比为 （0,1.2]。 导电球 21可为单层 或多层。 优选的， 在导电球 21为单层时， 导电球 21的直径与容纳腔截面直径之 比在 1到 1.2之间， 也就是导电球 21与固定导管 10过盈配合。 石墨粉末填充在导电 球 21之间的空隙内。 需要说明的是， 此时， 不要求相邻两个导电球 21均需要抵 接设置。
[0064] 在另外的实施例中， 导电介质 20为填充容纳腔的液态金属， 液态金属， 指的是 一种不定型金属， 液态金属可看作由正离子流体和自由电子组成的混合物。 液 体金属呈现出水力学特性， 如粘性流体流动、 不稳定流动、 多孔管中流动、 紊 流流动等特性。
[0065] 优选的， 液态金属为镓、 钠、 钾、 水银、 钾钠合金或镓铟锡合金中的一种。
[0066] 在另外的实施例中， 导电介质 20为导电的磁流体。 磁流体是把纳米数量级（10 纳米左右）的磁性粒子包裹一层长链的表面活性剂， 均匀的分散在基液中形成的 一种均匀稳定的胶体溶液， 具有液体的流动性特点。
[0067] 以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并不用以限制本发明， 凡在本发明的 精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、 等同替换或改进等， 均应包含在本发明的保 护范围之内。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种电线， 其特征在于， 包括：
固定导管， 为柔性材料制成， 所述固定导管左右延伸并具有左右贯通 的容纳腔；
导电介质， 由多个填充所述容纳腔的颗粒状导电颗粒构成； 连接结构， 包括用于封闭所述固定导管左端面的左连接件和用于封闭 所述固定导管右端面的右连接件， 所述左连接件和所述右连接件均为 导电材料制成并与所述导电介质抵接；
其中， 各所述导电颗粒共同用于接收来自所述左连接件的电流并将其 传递至所述右连接件或将来自所述右连接件的电流传递至所述左连接 件。
[权利要求 2] 如权利要求 1所述的电线， 其特征在于， 所述导电介质， 包括多个位 于所述容纳腔并呈球状的导电球， 所述导电球直径小于所述容纳腔的 截面直径；
各所述导电球共同用于接收来自所述左连接件的电流并将其传递至所 述右连接件或将来自所述右连接件的电流传递至所述左连接件。
[权利要求 3] 如权利要求 2所述的电线， 其特征在于， 所述导电球直径与所述容纳 腔截面直径之比为 (0,0.5)11(0.5,1)。
[权利要求 4] 如权利要求 2所述的电线， 其特征在于， 所述导电球采用金属材料或 者导电塑胶、 导电橡胶制成。
[权利要求 5] 如权利要求 2所述的电线， 其特征在于， 所述电线还包括填充于所述 容纳腔的润滑剂， 所述润滑剂由导电材料制成。
[权利要求 6] 如权利要求 5所述的电线， 其特征在于， 所述润滑剂为石墨粉末。
[权利要求 7] 如权利要求 1所述的电线， 其特征在于， 所述左连接件包括气密连接 所述固定导管以封闭所述固定导管左端面的左封板和连接所述左封板 并向左延伸的左接线， 所述右连接件包括气密连接所述固定导管以封 闭所述固定导管右端面的右封板和连接所述右封板并向右延伸的右接 线。 ［权利要求 8］ 如权利要求 1所述的电线， 其特征在于， 所述固定导管为弹性材料制 成， 所述电线还包括至少一根且两端分别连接所述左连接件和所述右 连接件的防拉线， 所述防拉线的弹性模量比所述固定导管的弹性模量 小。
［权利要求 9］ 如权利要求 8所述的电线， 其特征在于， 所述防拉线有多个环设于所 述固定导管的外表面。
［权利要求 10］ 如权利要求 1至 9任一所述的电线， 其特征在于， 所述固定导管为弹性 材料制成。
［权利要求 11］ 如权利要求 10所述的电线， 其特征在于， 所述导电介质与所述固定导 管过盈配合。
［权利要求 12］ 如权利要求 1所述的电线， 其特征在于， 所述导电介质为呈粉末状的 石墨粉末， 所述石墨粉末用于接收来自所述左连接件的电流并将其传 递至所述右连接件或将来自所述右连接件的电流传递至所述左连接件
［权利要求 13］ 如权利要求 1所述的电线， 其特征在于， 所述固定导管为弹性材料制 成， 所述导电介质为石墨粉末和导电球， 且所述导电球的直径与所述 容纳腔截面直径之比为 （0,1.2］。
［权利要求 14］ 一种电线， 其特征在于， 包括：
固定导管， 为柔性材料制成， 所述固定导管左右延伸并具有左右贯通 的容纳腔；
导电介质， 为填充于所述容纳腔的液态金属， 所述液态金属为镓、 钠 、 钾、 水银、 钾钠合金或镓铟锡合金中的一种； 连接结构， 包括用于封闭所述固定导管左端面的左连接件和用于封闭 所述固定导管右端面的右连接件， 所述左连接件和所述右连接件均为 导电材料制成并与所述导电介质连接。
PCT/CN2019/127370 2018-12-27 2019-12-23 电线 WO2020135319A1 (zh)

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