WO2023174247A1 - 一种电能传输连接装置及车辆 - Google Patents

一种电能传输连接装置及车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023174247A1
WO2023174247A1 PCT/CN2023/081261 CN2023081261W WO2023174247A1 WO 2023174247 A1 WO2023174247 A1 WO 2023174247A1 CN 2023081261 W CN2023081261 W CN 2023081261W WO 2023174247 A1 WO2023174247 A1 WO 2023174247A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shape
terminal structure
electrical connection
connection device
transmission connection
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/081261
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王超
Original Assignee
吉林省中赢高科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023174247A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023174247A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R31/00—Coupling parts supported only by co-operation with counterpart
    • H01R31/06—Intermediate parts for linking two coupling parts, e.g. adapter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/16—Connectors, e.g. plugs or sockets, specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/18—Cables specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
    • H01B7/0233—Cables with a predominant gas dielectric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame
    • H01B7/292—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame using material resistant to heat
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/025—Contact members formed by the conductors of a cable end
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/03—Contact members characterised by the material, e.g. plating, or coating materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/40—Securing contact members in or to a base or case; Insulating of contact members
    • H01R13/405—Securing in non-demountable manner, e.g. moulding, riveting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/62—Means for facilitating engagement or disengagement of coupling parts or for holding them in engagement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/648—Protective earth or shield arrangements on coupling devices, e.g. anti-static shielding  
    • H01R13/658—High frequency shielding arrangements, e.g. against EMI [Electro-Magnetic Interference] or EMP [Electro-Magnetic Pulse]
    • H01R13/6581—Shield structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/73—Means for mounting coupling parts to apparatus or structures, e.g. to a wall

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of automotive electrical appliances, and more specifically, to an electric energy transmission connection device and a vehicle.
  • the terminal blocks of the connector assembly are usually connected to the electrical connection skeleton, and the contact resistance will be very large.
  • the connection will heat up rapidly and cause an accident.
  • people are looking for a lower-cost alternative to individual terminals with excellent conductive properties.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a new technical solution for a power transmission connection device.
  • an electric energy transmission connection device including at least one electrical connection frame and connectors connected to both ends of the electrical connection frame, and at least one fixed cavity is provided in the connector.
  • the end of the electrical connection skeleton extends to form a terminal structure, which is at least partially disposed in the fixed cavity, and the terminal structure implements the electrical connection function of the connector.
  • the terminal structure and the electrical connection skeleton have different cross-sectional shapes.
  • the terminal structure and the electrical connection skeleton have different cross-sectional areas.
  • the connector is formed on the terminal structure and the electrical connection skeleton.
  • the connector contains a high-voltage interlocking structure.
  • the electrical connection skeleton is at least partially a rigid body, and the tensile strength of the electrical connection skeleton is greater than 75 MPa.
  • the terminal structure is arranged at an axial angle to the electrical connection frame.
  • the axial angle between the terminal structure and the electrical connection frame is 0°-180°.
  • a spacing metal layer is provided on at least part of the surface of the terminal structure, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the material of the spacing metal layer is greater than or equal to 1.1*10-6/K.
  • a spacing metal layer is provided on at least part of the surface of the terminal structure, and the spacing metal layer contains at least 37 wt% copper-aluminum solid solution.
  • the copper-aluminum solid solution contains a copper-aluminum compound, and the content of the copper-aluminum compound is less than 15 wt%.
  • a spacer metal layer is provided on at least part of the surface of the terminal structure.
  • the spacer metal layer is made of gold, silver, nickel, tin, zinc, tin-lead alloy, silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver. , one or more of graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.
  • At least part of the surface of the terminal structure is provided with a spacer metal layer, and the spacer metal layer is provided by electroplating, chemical plating, magnetron sputtering, vacuum plating, welding, adhesion, brushing, spraying or pasting. on the terminal structure.
  • the terminal structure is provided with grooves or protrusions on a part close to the electrical connection frame, and the protrusions or grooves are provided inside the fixing cavity, and the protrusions and grooves are matched and snap-fitted.
  • a sealing ring is provided between the protrusion and the groove.
  • the terminal structure is a columnar body
  • the cross-sectional shape of the columnar body is circular, elliptical, rectangular, polygonal, A-shaped, B-shaped, D-shaped, M-shaped, N-shaped, O-shaped, S-shaped Shape, E shape, F shape, H shape, K shape, L shape, T shape, U shape, V shape, W shape, X shape, Y shape, Z shape, P shape, semi-arc shape, arc shape, wavy shape one or more of them.
  • the terminal structure is in the shape of a flat strip, and a through hole or a threaded hole is provided on the flat strip.
  • the terminal structure includes a flat upper clamping plate and a lower clamping plate, and a terminal pair slot is formed between the upper clamping plate and the lower clamping plate.
  • the terminal structure is cylindrical, and the internal cross-sectional shape of the cylindrical shape is circular, elliptical, rectangular, polygonal, A-shaped, B-shaped, D-shaped, M-shaped, N-shaped, O-shaped, or S-shaped.
  • the cylindrical outer wall is provided with expansion and contraction joints extending in the axial direction, and the expansion and contraction joints divide the terminal structure into elastic pieces.
  • chamfers and rounding are provided on the edges of the terminal structure away from the electrical connection frame.
  • the electrical connection frame is also covered with an insulating layer around its periphery.
  • the electrical connection skeleton has at least one bending portion, and at least part of the bending portion contains at least one cavity, and the cavity is located between the inner wall of the insulation layer and the outer periphery of the electrical connection skeleton.
  • a shielding layer and an outer insulating layer are arranged around the insulating layer in sequence.
  • a sealing structure is provided between the connector and the insulation layer.
  • a sealing structure is provided between the connector and the outer insulation layer.
  • a shielding inner shell with shielding effect is provided in the connector, and the shielding inner shell is electrically connected to the shielding layer.
  • the shielding layer and/or the shielding inner shell are made of conductive metal or conductive plastic.
  • one of the connectors is a charging stand.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the electrical connection skeleton is a polygon, and all corners of the polygon are chamfered or rounded.
  • a vehicle including the power transmission connection device as described above.
  • connection structure between the electrical connection skeleton and the terminal structure is cancelled, which reduces the increase in resistance and voltage drop caused by the connection structure, makes the power transmission more stable, and also reduces the temperature rise between the electrical connection skeleton and the terminal structure. , extending the service life of the electrical connection skeleton and terminal structure, and reducing processing costs.
  • the electrical connection skeleton can be arranged to follow the shape of the car body, but can be at a certain distance from the car body to ensure that it does not rub with the car shell, thereby ensuring that the electrical connection is The service life of the connecting frame.
  • a shielded inner shell is installed inside the connector, which can effectively prevent electromagnetic interference generated by the connector terminals.
  • the shielded inner shell made of conductive plastic can be integrally molded with the connector by integral injection molding, saving processing time and improving production. efficiency and reduce production costs.
  • the electrical connection skeleton is also equipped with flexible parts and curved parts.
  • the structure of the connector assembly can be reasonably designed according to the installation environment of the vehicle body, making it easier to install the connector assembly on the vehicle body and saving assembly time.
  • the sealed air in the cavity will expand when the bending part of the electrical connection skeleton is heated. However, due to the existence of the insulating layer, the pressure in the cavity will gradually increase. According to Paschen's law, the greater the air pressure, the greater the breakdown. The higher the voltage, the higher the voltage breakdown resistance of the bending part will be, and the safety of the power transmission system will be improved.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electric energy transmission connection device according to the present invention.
  • FIGS. 2 to 7 are axial cross-sectional schematic diagrams of different embodiments of a connector assembly of a new type of shielding material according to the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the bending portion of the electrical connection frame in the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the cavity in the present invention.
  • any specific values are to be construed as illustrative only and not as limiting. Accordingly, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
  • An electric energy transmission connection device of the present disclosure includes at least one electrical connection frame 1 and a connector 2 connected to both ends of the electrical connection frame 1. At least one electrical connection frame 1 is provided in the connector 2. A fixed cavity 4, the end of the electrical connection skeleton 1 extends to form a terminal structure 3, the terminal structure 3 is at least partially disposed in the fixed cavity 4, the terminal structure 3 realizes the electrical connection of the connector 2 Connectivity features.
  • the cable and terminal structure 3 are processed and formed separately.
  • the terminal structure 3 and the conductive part of the cable are welded or crimped to form a connection structure.
  • the mechanical connection structure The performance is not as good as that of cables or terminals, so when the connector receives pulling force, it will break at the connection structure first, making the power transmission connection device unusable.
  • the connector receives pulling force, it will break at the connection structure first, making the power transmission connection device unusable.
  • there will be contact resistance between the terminal structure 3 and the cable causing the resistance of the connection structure to be smaller than the cable or terminal.
  • the connection structure will generate heat due to its small resistance. If it is too high, it may cause a burning accident in the connector in severe cases.
  • the terminal structure 3 by extending the terminal structure 3 from the end of the electrical connection frame 1 , it is possible to prevent the two from breaking due to vibration during use, and enhance the stability of the connection structure between the terminal structure 3 and the electrical connection frame 1 .
  • the connection structure between the electrical connection skeleton 1 and the terminal structure 3 is cancelled, reducing the increase in resistance and voltage drop caused by the connection structure, making the electric energy transmission more stable, and also reducing the number of connections between the electrical connection skeleton 1 and the terminal structure 3.
  • the temperature rises, extending the service life of the electrical connection skeleton 1 and the terminal structure 3, and reducing the processing cost.
  • the terminal structure 3 and the electrical connection frame 1 can be made of aluminum, which reduces the product cost, reduces the product weight, and simplifies the production process.
  • the terminal structure 3 and the electrical connection frame 1 have different cross-sectional shapes.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the terminal structure 3 can be set to be different from the cross-sectional shape of the electrical connection skeleton 1, and can be specifically set according to needs to facilitate the wiring of the electrical connection skeleton 1 on the vehicle, and the terminal structure 3 can be configured according to its own needs. It is designed with a corresponding cross-sectional shape to facilitate the connection between the terminal structure 3 and the mating terminal.
  • the terminal structure 3 and the electrical connection frame 1 have different cross-sectional areas.
  • the cross-sectional area of the terminal structure 3 can be set to be different from the cross-sectional area of the electrical connection skeleton 1, and the respective cross-sectional areas can be calculated according to the specific materials of the electrical connection skeleton 1 and the electrical connection skeleton 1, so as to Meet the conditions for use in vehicles.
  • the connector 2 is formed on the terminal structure 3 and the electrical connection frame 1 .
  • the electrical connection skeleton 1 can be added.
  • the stability of the connection with connector 2 increases the service life of the electrical connector assembly.
  • the molding method of the connector 2 may be injection molding, extrusion molding, blow molding, foaming, dip molding or 3D printing.
  • the connector 2 contains a high-voltage interlocking structure.
  • the high-voltage interlocking structure is a safety design method that uses low-voltage signals to monitor the integrity of the high-voltage circuit.
  • the specific implementation form of high-voltage interlocking has different designs for different projects.
  • the high-voltage interlocking monitors the accidental disconnection of the high-voltage circuit to avoid accidental disconnection due to Sudden loss of power can cause damage to the car.
  • the connector 2 and the high-voltage interlocking structure are molded at one time through integrated injection molding, thereby reducing assembly man-hours and improving production efficiency.
  • the high-voltage interlocking structure can ensure the safety of operators during actual use and avoid casualties and property losses caused by electric shock during maintenance due to equipment failure.
  • At least part of the electrical connection frame 1 is a rigid body, and the tensile strength of the electrical connection frame 1 is greater than 75 MPa.
  • a rigid body is an object whose shape and size remain unchanged during motion and after being subjected to force, and the relative positions of internal points remain unchanged.
  • absolutely rigid bodies do not actually exist. They are just an ideal model, because any object will deform more or less after being subjected to force. If the degree of deformation is extremely small relative to the geometric size of the object itself, it is difficult to study The deformation of the object during motion is negligible. Therefore, during use, the amount of deformation produced by the electrical connection skeleton 1 made of rigid body material is negligible. The greater the tensile strength of the rigid body, the smaller the deformation amount.
  • the inventor selected the same size specifications , use electrical connection skeleton 1 samples with different tensile strengths to test the torque during bending of the electrical connection skeleton 1 and the abnormal sound during vibration.
  • Test method for the tensile force value of the electrical connection frame 1 Use a universal tensile testing machine, fix both ends of the electrical connecting frame 1 on the tensile fixture of the universal tensile testing machine, and stretch at a speed of 50mm/min. Record the tensile force value at the final break. In this embodiment, a tensile force value greater than 1600N is considered a qualified value.
  • Torque test method of electrical connection skeleton 1 Use a torque tester to bend the electrical connection skeleton 1 at 90° with the same radius and the same speed, and test the torque value of the deformation of the electrical connection skeleton 1 during the bending process.
  • a torque value less than 60 N ⁇ m is a preferred value.
  • the test method is to select electrical connection skeleton 1 samples of the same size and specifications and different tensile strengths, assemble the connectors 2 of the same specifications together, and fix them on the vibration test bench. During the vibration test, observe whether there is any abnormal sound in the electrical connection frame 1.
  • Table 1 Effects of different tensile strengths on the tensile force value, torque value and abnormal sound of the electrical connection skeleton 1
  • the tensile strength of the electrical connection skeleton 1 is less than 75MPa
  • the tensile force value when the electrical connection skeleton 1 is broken is less than 1600N.
  • the strength of the electrical connection skeleton 1 itself is not high, and it is subject to a smaller It is easily broken by external force, causing the function of the electrical connection skeleton 1 to fail, thereby failing to achieve the purpose of transmitting electric energy.
  • the material of the electrical connection frame 1 contains copper or copper alloy or aluminum or aluminum alloy.
  • the material of the electrical connection skeleton 1 is selected according to the usage scenario and requirements. If the electrical connection skeleton 1 needs to be light in weight, or if the cost is required to be reduced, aluminum or aluminum alloy can be selected. Specifically, it can be a copper-aluminum alloy with an aluminum content of 90%, an aluminum-magnesium alloy with an aluminum content of 90%, an aluminum-lithium alloy with an aluminum content of 90%, an aluminum-zinc alloy with an aluminum content of 90%, etc. Copper or copper alloys have high electrical conductivity and are friction-resistant. Copper or copper alloys can be selected when low resistance energy consumption is required.
  • the terminal structure 3 and the electrical connection frame 1 are arranged at an axial angle.
  • the connector 2 and the electrical connection frame 1 require different angles according to different installation environments. Therefore, the terminal structure 3 and the electrical connection frame 1 need to be set at an angle in the axial direction, and can be set to different bending angles as needed.
  • the axial angle between the terminal structure 3 and the electrical connection frame 1 is 0°-180°.
  • arranging the terminal structure 3 and the electrical connection frame 1 at an axial angle can facilitate the installation of the terminal structure 3 in the fixed cavity 4 in the connector 2.
  • the specific angle depends on the connector 2 and the fixed cavity. The actual position design of cavity 4 and the insertion point of the vehicle battery, and this angle design can reduce the difficulty of assembly and shorten the processing time.
  • At least part of the surface of the terminal structure 3 is provided with a spacing metal layer, and the thermal expansion coefficient of the material of the spacing metal layer is greater than or equal to 1.1*10 -6 /K.
  • Structure 3 is provided with spacing metal layers with the same specifications, the same thickness and different thermal expansion coefficients; at normal temperature, the plug-in and pull-out force between terminal structure 3 and the mating terminal should be less than 5N.
  • the terminal structure 3 Or one end of the counter-plug terminal is fixed, and the other end is used for a plug-in and pull-out experiment using a tensile tester to test the plug-in and pull-out force between the terminal structure 3 and the counter-plug terminal; in practical applications, the terminal structure 3 and the counter-plug terminal are connected into the circuit
  • the temperature will rise. Therefore, the inventor chose to heat up the terminal structure 3 and the mating terminal by 50 degrees Celsius in the experiment.
  • the spacing metal layer expanded and caused the terminal structure 3 to be separated from the mating terminal. The gap between them is reduced, even reaching an interference connection,
  • the terminal structure 3 and the mating terminal are connected more firmly and the contact resistance is smaller.
  • the insertion and extraction force is greater than or equal to 25N, which is a qualified value. This indicates that the connection between the terminal structure 3 and the mating terminal is firm. , the terminal structure 3 and the mating terminal are not easily separated.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the spacer metal layer is less than 1.1*10 -6 /K, and the insertion and extraction force between the terminal structure 3 and the opposite terminal is less than 25N. At this time, the two are easily separated during use. , which will bring safety risks and therefore does not meet the usage requirements. Therefore, the inventor chose the thermal expansion coefficient of the spacer metal layer to be greater than or equal to 1.1*10 - 6 /K.
  • a spacing metal layer is provided on at least part of the surface of the terminal structure 3, and the spacing metal layer contains at least 37 wt% copper-aluminum solid solution.
  • the spacer metal layer contains less than 37wt% of copper-aluminum solid solution, other components in the spacer metal layer are greater than or equal to 63wt%.
  • the large proportion of copper and aluminum in the spacer metal layer means that the copper and aluminum welding is insufficient and the copper and aluminum elements are not fused into a copper-aluminum solid solution.
  • the copper-aluminum compound has a large proportion in the spacer metal layer.
  • the conductivity of the copper-aluminum compound is very poor, and the copper-aluminum compound is relatively brittle. When the content is high, the mechanical and electrical properties of the copper-aluminum composite substrate will be reduced.
  • the inventor conducted relevant experiments and conducted pull-out force tests and voltage drop tests on spacer metal layers with different weight percentages of copper-aluminum solid solution. If the terminal structure 3 If the pulling force is less than 3000N, it is unqualified. If the voltage drop of terminal structure 3 is greater than 0.5mV, it is also unqualified. The results are shown in Table 3.
  • Table 3 Effect of the weight percentage of copper-aluminum solid solution contained in the spacer metal layer on the pull-out force and voltage drop of terminal structure 3
  • the spacer metal layer contains no less than 37wt% copper-aluminum solid solution.
  • the copper-aluminum solid solution contains a copper-aluminum compound, and the content of the copper-aluminum compound is less than 15 wt%.
  • Copper-aluminum solid solution also contains copper-aluminum compounds.
  • the inventor conducted relevant tests to compare the weight percentages of copper-aluminum compounds with different copper-aluminum compounds. The solid solution was tested for voltage drop. If the voltage drop of the copper-aluminum solid solution is greater than 0.5mV, it is unqualified. The results are shown in Table 4.
  • At least part of the surface of the terminal structure 3 is provided with a spacer metal layer.
  • the material of the spacer metal layer contains gold, silver, nickel, tin, zinc, tin-lead alloy, One or more of silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.
  • the service life of the terminal structure 3 can be better extended by arranging a spacer metal layer to improve corrosion resistance, improve conductivity, and increase the number of plug connections.
  • inactive metals are required as the spacing metal layer to extend the terminal structure. 3 lifespan.
  • better wear-resistant metal is also needed as the spacing metal layer, which can greatly increase the service life of the contacts.
  • contacts that require good electrical conductivity are better than those of copper or copper alloy, aluminum or aluminum alloy, which can enable the terminal structure 3 to obtain better electrical performance and longer use. life.
  • the inventor used terminal structure 3 samples of the same specifications and materials with different spaced metal layer materials, and used the same specifications of the electrical connection skeleton 1 to make a series of plug-ins.
  • the inventor also selected tin, nickel, and zinc as the spacer metal layer materials for the experiment. The experimental results are shown in Table 5 below.
  • the number of plugging and unplugging in Table 5 is obtained by fixing the terminal structures 3 on the experimental bench and using mechanical devices to simulate plugging and unplugging of the electrical connection skeleton 1. After every 100 plugging and unplugging times, it is necessary to stop and observe the surface spacing of the terminal structures 3. If the metal layer is damaged, the surface coating of the terminal structure 3 is scratched, and the material of the terminal itself is exposed, the experiment will be stopped and the number of plugs and pulls at that time will be recorded. In this embodiment, if the number of plugging and unplugging times is less than 8000, it is considered unqualified.
  • the corrosion resistance time test in Table 5 is to put the terminal structure 3 into a salt spray spray test chamber, spray salt spray on various positions of the terminal structure 3, and take it out for cleaning every 20 hours to observe the surface corrosion, that is For one cycle, until the corrosion area on the surface of terminal structure 3 is greater than 10% of the total area, stop the test and record the number of cycles at that time. In this embodiment, if the number of cycles is less than 80, it is considered unqualified.
  • the spacer metal layer material is selected to contain gold, silver, silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy
  • the experimental results exceed the standard value more.
  • the performance is relatively stable.
  • the material of the spacer metal layer is selected to contain nickel, tin, tin-lead alloy, and zinc, the experimental results can also meet the requirements.
  • the inventor selected the material of the spacer metal layer to contain gold, silver, nickel, tin, tin-lead alloy, zinc, One or more combinations of silver-antimony alloy, palladium, palladium-nickel alloy, graphite silver, graphene silver and silver-gold-zirconium alloy.
  • the spacer metal layer includes a bottom layer and a surface layer, and the spacer metal layer adopts a multi-layer plating method.
  • the terminal structure 3 After the terminal structure 3 is processed, there are still many gaps and holes under the surface micro interface. These gaps and holes are the biggest cause of wear and corrosion of the terminal structure 3 during use.
  • in the terminal structure 3 On the surface first coat a layer of bottom layer to fill the gaps and holes on the surface, so that the surface of the terminal structure 3 is smooth and free of holes, and then plate the surface layer. The bond will be stronger and smoother, and the surface of the separated metal layer will be free of gaps and holes. , so that the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and electrical performance of the terminal structure 3 are better, and the service life of the terminal structure 3 is greatly extended.
  • the surface of the terminal structure 3 is provided with a spacer metal layer.
  • the spacer metal layer is provided on the terminal structure 3 by electroplating, chemical plating, magnetron sputtering, vacuum plating, welding, adhesion, brushing, spraying or pasting. on the terminal structure 3.
  • Electroplating method is a process that uses the principle of electrolysis to plate a thin layer of other metals or alloys on the metal surface.
  • the electroless plating method is a deposition process of metal through a controllable redox reaction under the catalysis of metal.
  • the magnetron sputtering method uses the interaction between magnetic field and electric field to make electrons spiral near the target surface, thereby increasing the probability of electrons hitting the argon gas to generate ions.
  • the generated ions hit the target surface under the action of the electric field, thus Sputter out the target material.
  • the vacuum plating method uses distillation or sputtering to deposit various metal and non-metal films on the surface of parts under vacuum conditions.
  • Welding also known as welding, is a manufacturing process and technology that uses heat, high temperature, or high pressure to join metal or other thermoplastic materials such as plastics.
  • energy sources for modern welding including gas flame, arc, laser, pressure, resistance heat, electron beam, friction and ultrasonic waves.
  • processes such as attaching, brushing, spraying or pasting are often used.
  • a spacing metal layer is provided on the terminal structure 3 .
  • the terminal structure 3 is provided with grooves 10 or protrusions 9 on the part close to the electrical connection frame 1, so A protrusion 9 or a groove 10 is provided inside the fixed cavity 4, and the protrusion 9 and the groove 10 are matched and engaged.
  • the mutually matched grooves 10 and protrusions 9 can integrally fix the terminal structure 3 and the electrical connection skeleton 1 in the fixed cavity 4 to prevent the terminal from vibrating, causing damage to the connector 2, and prolonging the service life of the power transmission connection device. service life.
  • a sealing ring 5 is provided between the protrusion 9 and the groove 10.
  • the sealing ring 5 also plays a role in reducing
  • the vibration function prevents the shell of the fixed cavity 4 from being damaged by vibration during use of the power transmission connection device; at the same time, it also serves as an insulator between the terminal structure 3 and the shell of the fixed cavity 4 .
  • the terminal structure 3 is a columnar body, and the cross-sectional shape of the columnar body is circular, elliptical, rectangular, polygonal, A-shaped, B-shaped, or D-shaped.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the columnar terminal structure 3 can be set as needed, or designed according to the structure of the connector 2, thereby increasing the adaptability of the terminal structure 3 and the connector 2.
  • the terminal structure 3 is in the shape of a flat belt, and the flat belt is provided with a through hole or a threaded hole 7 .
  • the mating terminals are provided with corresponding threaded holes or through holes, and the terminal structure 3 and the mating terminals are fixedly connected through bolts to prevent the terminal structure 3 from loosening and separating from the mating terminals.
  • the terminal structure 3 includes a flat upper clamping plate 14 and a lower clamping plate 15, with the upper clamping plate 14 and the lower clamping plate 15 having an intermediate space between them. Terminal pair slots 16 are formed.
  • the pair of slots 16 are connected to the charging power supply or the on-board battery of the electric vehicle to prevent the two from being separated due to vibration during the work process, causing casualties and property losses.
  • the slots are used to realize plugging and unplugging, which is convenient. Fast.
  • the terminal structure 3 is cylindrical, and the internal cross-sectional shape of the cylindrical shape is circular, elliptical, rectangular, polygonal, A-shaped, B-shaped, or D-shaped.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the cylindrical terminal structure 3 and the cylindrical interior can be set as needed, or designed according to the structure of the connector 2 and the cross-sectional shape of the electrical connection skeleton, increasing the distance between the terminal structure 3 and the connector 2 Adaptability.
  • expansion and contraction joints 17 extending in the axial direction are provided on the cylindrical outer wall.
  • the expansion and contraction joints 17 divide the terminal structure 3 into elastic pieces 18 .
  • the elastic piece 18 can tightly hold the opposite terminal plugged into the terminal structure 3 to prevent the two from being separated and unable to charge the on-board battery of the electric vehicle normally.
  • chamfers and roundings are provided on the edges of the terminal structure 3 away from the electrical connection frame 1 .
  • chamfering or rounding is provided at the end of the terminal structure 3 to facilitate insertion and extraction of the opposite terminal, and to serve as a guide when the two are inserted and removed.
  • an insulating layer 11 is also placed around the outer periphery of the electrical connection frame 1 .
  • the insulating layer 11 can prevent the electrical connection frame 1 from contacting other conductive components to cause a short circuit, thereby improving the safety of the electric energy transmission connection device.
  • the electrical connection skeleton 1 has at least one bent portion 19 , at least part of the bent portion 19 contains at least one cavity 20 , and the cavity 20 is located in the insulating layer. 11 between the inner wall and the outer periphery of the electrical connection frame 1.
  • the cross-sectional area of the electrical connection frame 1 is carefully calculated based on the conduction current, and sufficient margin will be left. Even if the current conduction of the electrical connection frame 1 is unstable due to voltage If the rated current exceeds the rated current due to other reasons, the electrical connection frame 1 will only cause heat and will not cause the electrical connection frame 1 to fuse or burn.
  • the insulation layer 11 covered by the electrical connection skeleton 1 is made of plastic material, and its melting temperature is between 115°C and 120°C.
  • the insulation layer 11 also needs to be covered with tape, sponge, etc. The melting temperature of objects with low melting points will be below 100 degrees Celsius. Therefore, when the current is too large and the temperature rises beyond the standard, the outer insulation layer 11 or materials such as tape or sponge need to be protected from melting or Burning items.
  • the sealed air in the cavity 20 will expand when the bent portion 19 of the electrical connection frame 1 heats up.
  • the pressure in the cavity 20 will gradually increase. According to Paschen's law, the air pressure increases as the air pressure increases. The larger the voltage, the higher the breakdown voltage. Therefore, the voltage breakdown capability of the bent portion 19 will be improved, and the safety of the power transmission connection device will be improved.
  • a shielding layer 12 and an outer insulating layer 13 are arranged around the outer periphery of the insulating layer 11 in sequence.
  • the shielding layer 12 by providing the shielding layer 12, the electromagnetic waves generated by the electrical connection skeleton 1 during use can be shielded, and the electrical connection skeleton 1 can be prevented from interfering with other instruments and equipment during use.
  • the shield 12 can reduce the electrical connection
  • the electromagnetic radiation generated by the frame 1 interferes with other electrical devices in the car.
  • the shielding layer 12 is made of conductor and needs to be grounded. Therefore, an insulation layer 11 is provided between the shielding layer 12 and the electrical connection frame 1 to prevent contact between the two.
  • the outer insulating layer 13 can prevent the shielding layer 12 from being in contact with the body shell of the electric vehicle and causing a short circuit.
  • a sealing structure 6 is provided between the connector 2 and the insulating layer 11 .
  • the sealing structure 6 can prevent dust, water and other debris from entering the connector 2 and prevent the connector 2 from being damaged.
  • the sealing structure 6 also plays a shock-absorbing role to prevent the connector from being damaged by vibration during use of the power transmission connection device. 2 shell;
  • a sealing structure 6 is provided between the connector 2 and the outer insulation layer 13 .
  • the sealed connection between the connector 2 and the electrical connection skeleton 1 can prevent water, dust and other debris from entering the connector 2, and prevent the occurrence between the positive terminal structure 3 and the negative terminal structure 3 in the connector 2. Break the circuit, causing casualties and property losses.
  • a shielding inner shell 8 with shielding effect is provided in the connector 2 , and the shielding inner shell 8 is electrically connected to the shielding layer 12 .
  • the arrangement of the shielding inner shell 8 can shield the terminal structure 3 from electromagnetic radiation or electromagnetic wave interference when the terminal structure 3 is powered on, and prevent other control systems from working normally due to electromagnetic interference.
  • the material of the shielding layer 12 and/or the shielding inner shell 8 contains conductive metal or conductive plastic.
  • the materials of the shielding layer 12 and the shielding inner shell 8 contain conductors and need to be grounded.
  • Conductive plastics and conductive metals can shield electromagnetic radiation to prevent interference with other electrical devices in the vehicle.
  • Conductive plastic can be conductive plastic or conductive rubber, and can be processed by injection molding, extrusion, blow molding, foaming, dipping or 3D printing. The processing technology is simple and reduces processing costs.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the electrical connection skeleton 1 is a polygon, and the corners of the polygon are all chamfered or rounded.
  • the corners of the electrical connection skeleton 1 with a polygonal cross-section are all chamfered or rounded, which can facilitate the connection between the electrical connection skeleton 1 and the connection terminal, so that the two are electrically connected during welding or crimping.
  • the connection between the skeleton 1 and the connection terminal is stronger, the contact area is larger, and the conduction current is better; it prevents the contact area between the electrical connection skeleton 1 and the connection terminal from being too small during the connection, resulting in excessive resistance, causing heating or even It can also prevent the occurrence of burning accidents; it can also prevent casualties and property losses caused by the edges formed by the two adjacent sides of the polygon from scratching the insulation layer during use.
  • one of the connectors 2 is a charging stand.
  • a charging stand connected to the charging gun, and the connector 2 at the other end is a high-voltage connector, connected Rechargeable battery to achieve the purpose of charging the rechargeable battery.
  • a vehicle of the present disclosure includes the power transmission connection device as described above.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种电能传输连接装置及车辆，包括至少一个电连接骨架以及与所述电连接骨架两端连接的连接器，所述连接器内设置至少一个固定腔体，所述电连接骨架的端部延伸形成端子结构，所述端子结构至少部分设置在所述固定腔体中，所述端子结构实现所述连接器电连接功能。根据本公开的一种电能传输连接装置，可避免在使用过程中二者因振动断裂，增强端子结构与电连接骨架之间结构的稳定性。

Description

一种电能传输连接装置及车辆
本申请要求享有2022年3月14日递交、申请号为202210250056.7、名称为“一种电能传输连接装置及车辆”的中国专利的优先权，该专利的所有内容在此全部引入。
技术领域
本发明涉及汽车电器技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种电能传输连接装置及车辆。
背景技术
随着新能源汽车的越来越普及，为新能源汽车传输电能的设备和设施也随之发展起来，新能源汽车上的连接器总成由于要达到大功率电机的要求，传输电流都比较大，连接器总成上的高压线缆的直径也随之增大，在车身上的装配也只能手工安装，浪费人力成本及时间成本。
另外，在正常使用的过程中，高压线缆会流经非常大的电流，因此高压线缆和连接接头都会产生大量的热量，由于热量过大将导致高温，高压线缆连接位置以及周边的连接件、固定件会因为高温而失效，影响连接器总成的正常使用，产生短路及断路，甚至产生触电危险，危及生命。
连接器总成的接线端子通常与电连接骨架相连，接触电阻会很大，当高压设备长期运行、过载或短路时，连接处就会迅速升温而引发事故。另外，由于铜端子的成本越来越高，人们都在寻找一种成本更低导电性能优良的替代单独的端子。
因此，如何提供一种可有效避免成本过高以及防止接线端子与电连接骨架之间的接触电阻过大的一种电能传输连接装置成为本领域亟需解决的技术难题。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种电能传输连接装置的新技术方案。
根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种电能传输连接装置，包括至少一个电连接骨架以及与所述电连接骨架两端连接的连接器，所述连接器内设置至少一个固定腔体，所述电连接骨架的端部延伸形成端子结构，所述端子结构至少部分设置在所述固定腔体中，所述端子结构实现所述连接器电连接功能。
可选地，所述端子结构与电连接骨架的横截面形状不同。
可选地，所述端子结构与电连接骨架的横截面积不同。
可选地，所述连接器成型在所述端子结构及所述电连接骨架上。
可选地，所述连接器内含有高压互锁结构。
可选地，所述电连接骨架至少部分为刚性体，所述电连接骨架的抗拉强度大于75MPa。
可选地，所述端子结构与所述电连接骨架轴向成角度设置。
可选地，所述端子结构与所述电连接骨架轴向夹角为0°-180°。
可选地，所述端子结构上至少部分表面设置间隔金属层，所述间隔金属层材质的热膨胀系数为大于等于1.1*10-6/K。
可选地，所述端子结构上至少部分表面设置间隔金属层，所述间隔金属层中含有至少37wt％的铜铝固溶体。
可选地，所述铜铝固溶体中含有铜铝化合物，所述铜铝化合物的含量小于15wt％。
可选地，所述端子结构上至少部分表面设置间隔金属层，所述间隔金属层材质含有金、银、镍、锡、锌、锡铅合金、银锑合金、钯、钯镍合金、石墨银、石墨烯银和银金锆合金中的一种或几种。
可选地，所述端子结构上至少部分表面设置间隔金属层，所述间隔金属层采用电镀、化学镀、磁控溅射、真空镀、焊接、贴附、刷涂、喷涂或者粘贴的方式设置在所述端子结构上。
可选地，所述端子结构在靠近所述电连接骨架的部分上设置凹槽或凸起，所述固定腔体内部设置凸起或凹槽，所述凸起和凹槽匹配卡接。
可选地，所述凸起和凹槽中间设置密封圈。
可选地，所述端子结构为柱状体，所述柱状体的横截面形状为圆形、椭圆形、矩形、多边形、A形、B形、D形、M形、N形、O形、S形、E形、F形、H形、K形、L形、T形、U形、V形、W形、X形、Y形、Z形、P形、半弧形、弧形、波浪形中的一种或几种。
可选地，所述端子结构为扁带状，所述扁带状上设置通孔或螺纹孔。
可选地，所述端子结构包括平板状的上夹板和下夹板，所述上夹板和所述下夹板中间形成端子对插槽。
可选地，所述端子结构为筒状，所述筒状内部横截面形状为圆形、椭圆形、矩形、多边形、A形、B形、D形、M形、N形、O形、S形、E形、F形、H形、K形、L形、T形、U形、V形、W形、X形、Y形、Z形、P形、半弧形、弧形、波浪形中的一种或几种。
可选地，所述筒状外壁上设置沿轴向方向延伸的胀缩缝，所述胀缩缝将所述端子结构分割成弹性片。
可选地，所述端子结构远离所述电连接骨架的端部棱角上设置倒角和倒圆。
可选地，所述电连接骨架外周还套设绝缘层。
可选地，所述电连接骨架具有至少一个弯曲部，至少部分的所述弯曲部含有至少一个腔体，所述腔体位于所述绝缘层内壁到所述电连接骨架外周之间。
可选地，所述绝缘层外周还依次套设屏蔽层和外绝缘层。
可选地，所述连接器和所述绝缘层之间设置密封结构。
可选地，所述连接器和所述外绝缘层之间设置密封结构。
可选地，所述连接器内设置具有屏蔽效能的屏蔽内壳，所述屏蔽内壳与所述屏蔽层电连接。
可选地，所述屏蔽层和/或所述屏蔽内壳的材质含有导电金属或导电塑胶。
可选地，其中一个所述连接器为充电座。
可选地，所述电连接骨架的截面形状为多边形，所述多边形的角全部倒角或倒圆。
根据本发明的第二方面，提供了一种车辆，包含如上所述的电能传输连接装置。
根据本公开的一种电能传输连接装置，具有如下有益效果：
1.通过在电连接骨架的端部延伸形成端子结构，可避免在使用过程中二者因振动断裂，增强端子结构与电连接骨架之间结构的稳定性。同时取消了电连接骨架和端子结构之间的连接结构，降低由于连接结构导致的电阻增大和电压降升高，使电能传输更加稳定，也减少了电连接骨架和端子结构之间的温度升高，延长了电连接骨架和端子结构的使用寿命，降低加工成本。
2.通过将端子结构及电连接骨架利用铝材质制成，降低产品成本，减轻了产品重量，简化了生产程序。
3.解决了目前多数大电流线束使用柔性线缆，无法实现自动化生产及装配的问题，使用至少部分硬质的电连接骨架，可以实现线束的自动化装配和组装。
4.解决了柔性线缆与车壳接触摩擦，导致绝缘层破损短路的问题，电连接骨架能够跟随车身形状布置，但又可以与车身有一定距离，能够保证不与车壳摩擦，从而保证电连接骨架的使用寿命。
5.连接器内部设置屏蔽内壳，可以有效的阻止连接器的端子产生的电磁干扰，导电塑料制成的屏蔽内壳，可以采用一体注塑的方式与连接器一体成型，节省加工时间，提高生产效率，降低生产成本。
6.电连接骨架还设置了柔性部分和弯曲部分，可以根据车身的安装环境，合理设计连接器总成的结构，使连接器总成在车身上的安装更加容易，节省装配时间。
7.电连接骨架的弯曲部与绝缘层内壁之间存在腔体，腔体内存有空气，密闭空气的导热效果较差，因此当电连接骨架的弯曲部发热量较大时，不会影响到腔体外的绝缘层，从而保护弯曲部的绝缘层不会软化或熔化。
8.由于腔体内存有密闭空气有隔热作用，电连接骨架的弯曲部的热量无法传递到绝缘层之外，使包覆绝缘层的胶布、海绵等熔点低的物体不会受热熔化，降低了事故的发生概率。
9.腔体内存有的密闭空气在电连接骨架的弯曲部发热时会膨胀，但由于绝缘层的存在，会使腔体内的压力逐渐增大，根据帕邢定律，空气压力越大，击穿电压越高，因此会使弯曲部的耐电压击穿能力提升，电能传输系统的安全性得到提高。
通过以下参照附图对本发明的示例性实施例的详细描述，本发明的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
被结合在说明书中并构成说明书的一部分的附图示出了本发明的实施例，并且连同其说明一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1为本发明一种电能传输连接装置的结构示意图；
图2至图7为本发明一种新型屏蔽材料的连接器总成的不同实施例的轴向剖面示意图。
图8为本发明中电连接骨架的弯曲部的结构示意图；
图9为本发明中腔体的一实施例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明的各种示例性实施例。应注意到：除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。
以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本发明及其应用或使用的任何限制。
对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为说明书的一部分。
在这里示出和讨论的所有例子中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它例子可以具有不同的值。
本公开的一种电能传输连接装置，如图1至图7所示，包括至少一个电连接骨架1以及与所述电连接骨架1两端连接的连接器2，所述连接器2内设置至少一个固定腔体4，所述电连接骨架1的端部延伸形成端子结构3，所述端子结构3至少部分设置在所述固定腔体4中，所述端子结构3实现所述连接器2电连接功能。
在一般使用的连接器中，线缆和端子结构3是分体各自加工成型的，在组装时将端子结构3和线缆的导电部分进行焊接或压接连接形成连接结构，一般连接结构的机械性能是不如线缆或端子的，因此当连接器收到拉拔力时，会在连接结构处先断裂，使电能传输连接装置无法使用。另外，不管是焊接还是压接的方式，端子结构3和线缆之间都会存在接触电阻，致使连接结构的电阻小于线缆或端子，当导通大电流时，连接结构由于电阻较小，发热较高，严重时会导致连接器发生燃烧事故。
具体实施时，通过在电连接骨架1的端部延伸形成端子结构3，可避免在使用过程中二者因振动断裂，增强端子结构3与电连接骨架1之间连接结构的稳定性。同时取消了电连接骨架1和端子结构3之间的连接结构，降低由于连接结构导致的电阻增大和电压降升高，使电能传输更加稳定，也减少了电连接骨架1和端子结构3之间的温度升高，延长了电连接骨架1和端子结构3的使用寿命，降低加工成本。
在一种实施方式中，可以将端子结构3及电连接骨架1利用铝材质制成，降低产品成本，减轻了产品重量，简化了生产程序。
本公开的电能传输连接装置的一实施例中，所述端子结构3与电连接骨架1的横截面形状不同。
具体实施时，可以将端子结构3的横截面形状设置成不同于电连接骨架1的横截面形状，可根据需要具体设置，以方便电连接骨架1在车辆上布线，以及端子结构3根据自身需要设计成相应的横截面形状，方便端子结构3与对插端子连接。
本公开的电能传输连接装置的一实施例中，所述端子结构3与电连接骨架1的横截面积不同。
具体实施时，可以将端子结构3的横截面积设置成不同于电连接骨架1的横截面积，可根据电连接骨架1以及电连接骨架1的具体使用的材质计算各自的横截面积，以满足能够车辆上使用的条件。
本公开的电能传输连接装置的一实施例中，所述连接器2成型在所述端子结构3及所述电连接骨架1上。
具体实施时，通过将连接器2成型在所述端子结构3及所述电连接骨架1上，或者，通过将连接器2与端子结构3以及电连接骨架1一体成型，可增加电连接骨架1与连接器2连接的稳定性，增加电连接器总成的使用寿命。
连接器2成型方式可以是注塑、挤塑、吹塑、发泡、浸塑或3D打印等方式。
本公开的电能传输连接装置的一实施例中，所述连接器2内含有高压互锁结构。
高压互锁结构，是用低压信号监视高压回路完整性的一种安全设计方法，具体的高压互锁实现形式，不同项目有不同的设计，高压互锁是监控高压回路的意外断开，避免由于突然的失去动力的情况下，造成对汽车的损害。
具体实施时，通过一体注塑方式，将连接器2和高压互锁结构一次成型，减少装配工时，提高生产效率。高压互锁结构可保证操作人员实际使用过程中的安全，避免因设备故障进行维修时触电发生人员伤亡以及财产损失。
本公开的一种电能传输连接装置的一实施例中，所述电连接骨架1至少部分为刚性体，所述电连接骨架1的抗拉强度大于75MPa。
刚性体是指在运动中和受力作用后，形状和大小不变，而且内部各点的相对位置不变的物体。绝对刚性体实际上是不存在的，只是一种理想模型，因为任何物体在受力作用后，都或多或少地变形，如果变形的程度相对于物体本身几何尺寸来说极为微小，在研究物体运动时变形就可以忽略不计。所以，由刚性体材料制成的电连接骨架1在使用过程中，产生的形变量微乎其微，可忽略不计，刚性体的抗拉强度越大，其变形量越小。
为了验证电连接骨架1的抗拉强度，对电连接骨架1拉断时的拉力值，对电连接骨架1折弯的扭矩以及振动过程中是否发生异响的影响，发明人选用了相同尺寸规格的，使用不同抗拉强度的电连接骨架1样件，对电连接骨架1折弯时的扭矩和振动过程中的异响进行测试。
电连接骨架1的拉力值的测试方法：使用万能拉力测试机，将电连接骨架1，两端分别固定在万能拉力测试机的拉伸治具上，并以50mm/min的速度进行拉伸，记录最终拉断时的拉力值，在本实施例中，拉力值大于1600N为合格值。
电连接骨架1的扭矩测试方法：使用扭矩测试仪，将电连接骨架1以相同的半径，相同的速度弯折90°的时候，测试弯折过程中电连接骨架1变形的扭矩值，在本实施例中，扭矩值小于60N·m为优选值。
电连接骨架1是否会出现异响，试验方法为选择相同尺寸规格的，使用不同抗拉强度的电连接骨架1样件，相同规格的连接器2组装在一起，固定在振动试验台上，在振动试验过程中，观察电连接骨架1是否会出现异响。
表1：不同的抗拉强度对电连接骨架1的拉力值，扭矩值和异响的影响
从上表1中可以看出，当电连接骨架1抗拉强度为小于75MPa时，电连接骨架1拉断时的拉力值小于1600N，此时电连接骨架1本身的强度不高，受到较小外力时容易拉断，造成电连接骨架1功能失效，从而无法起到电能传输的目的。
另一方面，由于电连接骨架1的抗拉强度值越大，电连接骨架1越不易发生形变，所以振动试验过程中，电连接骨架1越不容易相对两端连接的连接器2振动而产生异响，相反，电连接骨架1的抗拉强度值越小，电连接骨架1越容易发生形变，所以振动试验过程中，电连接骨架1越容易相对两端连接的连接器2振动而产生异响。从上表1 中可以看出，当电连接骨架1抗拉强度为小于等于75MPa时，电连接骨架1在振动试验过程中会产生异响。所以发明人优选电连接骨架1的抗拉强度大于75MPa。
同时，在表1中也能看出，当电连接骨架1抗拉强度为大于480MPa时，电连接骨架1折弯90°时的扭矩值大于60N·m，此时，电连接骨架1不容置折弯，因此，发明人进一步优选电连接骨架1抗拉强度为大于75MPa且小于等于480MPa。
本公开的一种电能传输连接装置的一实施例中，所述电连接骨架1材质含有铜或铜合金或铝或铝合金。
具体实施时，根据使用场景及要求，选择电连接骨架1的材质，在需要电连接骨架1具有质量轻，或者要求降低成本，可选择铝或铝合金。具体的可以是铝含量在90％的铜铝合金、铝含量在90％的铝镁合金、铝含量在90％的铝锂合金、铝含量在90％的铝锌合金等。铜或铜合金导电率高，并且耐摩擦，在需要电阻能耗低的情况下，可以选择铜或铜合金。
本公开的一种电能传输连接装置的一实施例中，所述端子结构3与所述电连接骨架1轴向成角度设置。连接器2和电连接骨架1，根据不同的安装环境，所需要的角度不同，因此需要端子结构3与电连接骨架1轴向方向也成角度设置，可以根据需要设置为不同的折弯角度。
进一步的，所述端子结构3与所述电连接骨架1轴向夹角为0°-180°。
具体实施实施，将所述端子结构3与所述电连接骨架1轴向成角度设置可方便将端子结构3安装在连接器2中的固定腔体4中，具体角度，根据连接器2与固定腔体4以及车载电池对插处的实际位置设计，此角度设计，可降低装配难度，缩短加工工时。
本公开的一种电能传输连接装置的一实施例中，所述端子结构3上至少部分表面设置间隔金属层，所述间隔金属层材质的热膨胀系数为大于等于1.1*10-6/K。
发明人为了验证间隔金属层材质的热膨胀系数，对相互插接的端子结构3和对插端子之间的插拔力的影响，选用多组尺寸完全相同的端子结构3以及对插端子，在端子结构3上设置规格相同，厚度相同且热膨胀系数不同的间隔金属层；在常温状态下，端子结构3与对插端子之间的插拔，插拔力要小于5N，试验时，将端子结构3或对插端子中的一端固定，另一端利用拉力测试仪进行插拔实验，以测试端子结构3和对插端子之间的插拔力；实际应用中，端子结构3与对插端子连接进入电路中，使用过程中，温度会升高，所以，发明人在实验中选择在将插接后端子结构3以及对插端子升温50摄氏度，此时，间隔金属层膨胀使端子结构3与对插端子之间的间隙减小，甚至达到过盈连接， 使端子结构3与对插端子连接的更为牢固，接触电阻更小，在本实施例中，插拔力大于等于25N为合格值，此时表明端子结构3与对插端子之间的连接牢固，端子结构3与对插端子之间不易分离。
表2：不同热膨胀系数的间隔金属层对端子结构3与对插端子之间的插拔力的影响
从表2可以看出，间隔金属层的热膨胀系数小于1.1*10-6/K，端子结构3与对插端子之间的插拔力小于25N，此时，在使用过程中，二者容易分离，由此会带来安全隐患，因此，不满足使用要求，所以，发明人选择间隔金属层的热膨胀系数为大于等于1.1*10- 6/K。
进一步的，所述端子结构3上至少部分表面设置间隔金属层，所述间隔金属层中含有至少37wt％的铜铝固溶体。
当所述的间隔金属层包含铜铝固溶体少于37wt％时，则所述间隔金属层内其他成分大于等于63wt％。所述间隔金属层中铜单质、铝单质比例大，代表铜铝焊接并不充分，铜铝单质没有融合为铜铝固溶体。所述间隔金属层中铜铝化合物比例大，铜铝化合物的导电性非常差，且铜铝化合物脆性较大，含量多的时候会降低铜铝复合基材的机械性能和电气性能。为了寻找合适的间隔金属层中含有的铜铝固溶体重量百分比，发明人进行了相关试验，对不同铜铝固溶体重量百分比的间隔金属层进行了拉拔力测试和电压降测试，如果端子结构3的拉拔力小于3000N为不合格，若端子结构3的电压降大于0.5mV也为不合格，结果如表3所示。
表3：间隔金属层中含有的铜铝固溶体重量百分比对端子结构3的拉拔力及电压降的影响
从表3可以看出，当间隔金属层包含的铜铝固溶体小于37wt％时，端子结构3的拉拔力小于3000N，为不合格；同时，端子结构3的电压降大于0.5mV，无法满足端子结构3的力学性能和电气性能要求。随着所述间隔金属层包含的铜铝固溶体占比逐渐增多，端子结构3的力学性能和电气性能逐渐增强，因此所述的间隔金属层包含不少于37wt％的铜铝固溶体。
进一步的，所述铜铝固溶体中含有铜铝化合物，所述铜铝化合物的含量小于15wt％。
铜铝固溶体中也会含有铜铝化合物，为了避免铜铝固溶体中铜铝化合物的占比过大进而降低铜铝固溶体电气性能，发明人进行了相关测试，对不同铜铝化合物重量百分比的铜铝固溶体进行了电压降测试，若铜铝固溶体的电压降大于0.5mV为不合格，结果如表4所示。
表4：不同铜铝化合物重量百分比对铜铝固溶体电压降的影响
由表4可知，当铜铝固溶体中铜铝化合物重量百分比大于15wt％时，铜铝固溶体的电压降大于0.5mV，无法满足电气性能要求，因此发明人优选铜铝固溶体中铜铝化合物的含量小于15wt％。
本公开的一种电能传输连接装置的一实施例中，所述端子结构3上至少部分表面设置间隔金属层，所述间隔金属层材质含有金、银、镍、锡、锌、锡铅合金、银锑合金、钯、钯镍合金、石墨银、石墨烯银和银金锆合金中的一种或几种。
具体实施时，通过设置间隔金属层，以提高耐腐蚀性，提高导电性能，增加插接次数，能够更好的延长该端子结构3的使用寿命。
具体实施时，铜，铝，铜合金或铝合金作为一种活泼金属，在使用过程中会与氧气和水发生氧化反应，因此需要一种或几种不活泼金属作为间隔金属层，延长端子结构3的使用寿命。另外，对于需要经常插拔的金属触点，也是需要较好的耐磨金属作为间隔金属层，能够极大的增加触点的使用寿命。还有触点需要很好的导电性能，上述金属的导电性和稳定性，都要优于铜或铜合金，铝或铝合金，能够使端子结构3获得更好的电学性能和更长的使用寿命。
为了论证不同间隔金属层材质对端子结构3整体性能的影响，发明人使用相同规格、材质，采用不同间隔金属层材料的端子结构3样件，利用同种规格的电连接骨架1做一系列插拔次数和耐腐蚀性时间测试，为了证明选用材料和其他常用间隔金属层材料的优缺点，发明人也选用了锡、镍、锌作为实验的间隔金属层材质。实验结果如下表5所示。
表5中的插拔次数是将端子结构3分别固定在实验台上，采用机械装置使电连接骨架1模拟插拔，并且每经过100次的插拔，就要停下来观察端子结构3表面间隔金属层破坏的情况，端子结构3表面镀层出现划伤，并露出端子本身材质，则实验停止，记录当时的插拔次数。在本实施例中，插拔次数小于8000次为不合格。
表5中的耐腐蚀性时间测试，是将端子结构3放入到盐雾喷淋试验箱内，对端子结构3的各个位置喷淋盐雾，每隔20小时取出清洗观察表面腐蚀情况，即为一个周期，直到端子结构3表面腐蚀面积大于总面积的10％的时候，停止测试，并记录当时的周期数。在本实施例中，周期数小于80次认为不合格。
表5，不同间隔金属层材质对端子结构3插拔次数和耐腐蚀性的影响：
从上表5可以看出，当选用间隔金属层材质含有金、银、银锑合金、钯、钯镍合金、石墨银、石墨烯银和银金锆合金时，实验结果超过标准值较多，性能比较稳定。当选用间隔金属层材质含有镍、锡、锡铅合金、锌时，实验结果也是能够符合要求的，因此，发明人选择间隔金属层材质含有金、银、镍、锡、锡铅合金、锌、银锑合金、钯、钯镍合金、石墨银、石墨烯银和银金锆合金中的一种或几种组合。
在一些实施方式中，间隔金属层包括底层和表层，间隔金属层采用多层镀的方法。端子结构3在加工后，其实表面微观界面下，还是存在很多缝隙和孔洞，这些缝隙和孔洞是端子结构3在使用过程中磨损和腐蚀的最大原因。本实施方式中，在端子结构3的 表面，先镀一层底层，填补表面的缝隙和孔洞，使端子结构3的表面平整无孔洞，然后再镀表层，就会结合得更加牢固，也会更加平整，间隔金属层表面无缝隙和孔洞，使端子结构3的耐磨性能、抗腐蚀性能、电学性能更优，极大的延长端子结构3的使用寿命。
进一步，所述端子结构3上至少部分表面设置间隔金属层，所述间隔金属层采用电镀、化学镀、磁控溅射、真空镀、焊接、贴附、刷涂、喷涂或者粘贴的方式设置在所述端子结构3上。
电镀方法，就是利用电解原理在金属表面上镀上一薄层其它金属或合金的过程。
化学镀方法，是在金属的催化作用下，通过可控制的氧化还原反应产生金属的沉积过程。
磁控溅射方法，是利用磁场与电场交互作用，使电子在靶表面附近成螺旋状运行，从而增大电子撞击氩气产生离子的概率，所产生的离子在电场作用下撞向靶面从而溅射出靶材。
真空镀方法，是采用在真空条件下，通过蒸馏或溅射等方式在零件表面沉积各种金属和非金属薄膜。
焊接，也称作熔接，是一种以加热、高温或者高压的方式接合金属或其他热塑性材料如塑料的制造工艺及技术。现代焊接的能量来源有很多种，包括气体焰、电弧、激光、压力、电阻热、电子束、摩擦和超声波等，实际生产过程中，也经常利用贴附、刷涂、喷涂或者粘贴等工艺在端子结构3上设置间隔金属层。
本公开的一种电能传输连接装置的一实施例中，如图4和图5所示，所述端子结构3在靠近所述电连接骨架1的部分上设置凹槽10或凸起9，所述固定腔体4内部设置凸起9或凹槽10，所述凸起9和凹槽10匹配卡接。
具体实施时，相互配合的凹槽10和凸起9，可将端子结构3与电连接骨架1整体固定在固定腔体4内，防止端子振动，导致连接器2损坏，延长电能传输连接装置的使用寿命。
进一步的，如图5所示，所述凸起9和凹槽10中间设置密封圈5。
具体实施时，通过在凸起9与凹槽10之间设置密封圈5，能够防止灰尘，水等杂物进入固定腔体4中，防止连接器2损坏，同时在密封圈5也起到减震作用，防止电能传输连接装置在使用过程中，因振动损坏固定腔体4的外壳；同时，也可起到端子结构3与固定腔体4的外壳之间起到绝缘作用。
本公开的一种电能传输连接装置的一实施例中，所述端子结构3为柱状体，所述柱状体的横截面形状为圆形、椭圆形、矩形、多边形、A形、B形、D形、M形、N形、O形、S形、E形、F形、H形、K形、L形、T形、U形、V形、W形、X形、Y形、Z形、P形、半弧形、弧形、波浪形中的一种或几种。
具体实施时，柱状体的端子结构3的横截面形状可以根据需要设置，或者根据连接器2的构造进行设计，增加了端子结构3与连接器2的适配性。
本公开的一种电能传输连接装置的一实施例中，如图3所示，所述端子结构3为扁带状，所述扁带状上设置通孔或螺纹孔7。
具体实施时，对插端子设置有相对应的螺纹孔或通孔，通过螺栓将端子结构3与对插端子固定连接，防止端子结构3与对插端子松动脱离。
本公开的一种电能传输连接装置的一实施例中，如图4所示，所述端子结构3包括平板状的上夹板14和下夹板15，所述上夹板14和所述下夹板15中间形成端子对插槽16。
具体实施时，通过对插槽16与充电电源或者电动车辆的车载电池连接，防止在工作过程中，因振动二者分离，造成人员伤亡及财产损失，同时，利用对插槽实现插拔，方便快捷。
本公开的一种电能传输连接装置的一实施例中，所述端子结构3为筒状，所述筒状内部横截面形状为圆形、椭圆形、矩形、多边形、A形、B形、D形、M形、N形、O形、S形、E形、F形、H形、K形、L形、T形、U形、V形、W形、X形、Y形、Z形、P形、半弧形、弧形、波浪形中的一种或几种。
具体实施时，筒状的端子结构3，筒状内部的横截面形状可以根据需要设置，或者根据连接器2构造以及电连接骨架的横截面形状进行设计，增加了端子结构3与连接器2的适配性。
进一步的，如图5所示，所述筒状外壁上设置沿轴向方向延伸的胀缩缝17，所述胀缩缝17将所述端子结构3分割成弹性片18。
具体实施时，通过弹性片18，可抱紧与端子结构3对插的对插端子，防止二者分离不能正常为电动车辆的车载电池充电。
本公开的一种电能传输连接装置的一实施例中，如图2至图7所示，所述端子结构3远离所述电连接骨架1的端部棱角上设置倒角和倒圆。
具体实施时，通过在端子结构3的端部设置倒角或倒圆，可方便与对插端子插拔，在二者插拔时起到导向作用。
本公开的一种电能传输连接装置的一实施例中，如图2至图5所示，所述电连接骨架1外周还套设绝缘层11。绝缘层11能够避免电连接骨架1与其他导电部件接触导致短路，提高电能传输连接装置的安全性。
进一步的，如图8和图9所示，所述电连接骨架1具有至少一个弯曲部19，至少部分的所述弯曲部19含有至少一个腔体20，所述腔体20位于所述绝缘层11内壁到所述电连接骨架1外周之间。
在电能传输连接装置的设计过程中，电连接骨架1的截面积是根据导通电流进行周密的计算的，并且会留有充分的余量，即使电连接骨架1导通的电流由于电压不稳等原因有超过额定电流的情况，电连接骨架1也只会导致发热，不会使电连接骨架1熔断或烧毁。但是电连接骨架1外包覆的绝缘层11为塑料材质，其熔融温度在115℃到120℃之间，另外电连接骨架1在安装的时候，绝缘层11外还需要包覆胶布、海绵等熔点低的物体，其熔融温度会在100摄氏度以下，因此，电连接骨架1在电流过大，温度升温超标时，其外周的绝缘层11或胶布或海绵等材料，才是需要保护不能熔化或者燃烧的物品。
电连接骨架1的弯曲部19与绝缘层11内壁之间存在腔体20，腔体20内存有空气，密闭空气的导热效果较差，因此当电连接骨架1的弯曲部19发热量较大时，不会影响到腔体20外的绝缘层11，从而保护弯曲部19的绝缘层11不会软化或熔化。
由于腔体20内存有密闭空气有隔热作用，电连接骨架1的弯曲部19的热量无法传递到绝缘层11之外，使包覆绝缘层11的胶布、海绵等熔点低的物体不会受热熔化，降低了事故的发生概率。
腔体20内存有的密闭空气在电连接骨架1的弯曲部19发热时会膨胀，但由于绝缘层11的存在，会使腔体20内的压力逐渐增大，根据帕邢定律，空气压力越大，击穿电压越高，因此会使弯曲部19的耐电压击穿能力提升，电能传输连接装置的安全性得到提高。
进一步的，如图6和图7所示，所述绝缘层11外周还依次套设屏蔽层12和外绝缘层13。
具体实施时，通过设置屏蔽层12，可屏蔽掉电连接骨架1在使用过程中产生的电磁波，避免电连接骨架1在使用过程中，干扰其他仪器及设备。屏蔽层12能够降低电连接 骨架1产生的电磁辐射对车内其他用电装置的干扰，屏蔽层12材质为导体，并且需要接地，所以在屏蔽层12和电连接骨架1之间设置绝缘层11，防止两者接触。外绝缘层13能够防止屏蔽层12和电动汽车的车壳接触发生短路。
进一步的，如图4所示，所述连接器2和所述绝缘层11之间设置密封结构6。密封结构6能够防止灰尘，水等杂物进入连接器2中，防止连接器2损坏，同时在密封结构6也起到减震作用，防止电能传输连接装置在使用过程中，因振动损坏连接器2的外壳；
进一步的，如图7所示，所述连接器2和所述外绝缘层13之间设置密封结构6。
具体实施时，连接器2与电连接骨架1之间密封连接，可防止水，灰尘等杂物进入到连接器2中，防止连接器2内的正极端子结构3与负极端子结构3之间发生断路，造成人员伤亡及财产损失。
进一步的，所述连接器2内设置具有屏蔽效能的屏蔽内壳8，所述屏蔽内壳8与所述屏蔽层12电连接。
具体实施时，屏蔽内壳8的设置，可屏蔽掉端子结构3在通电的状态下电磁辐射或电磁波干扰，防止其他控制系统因电磁干扰不能正常工作。
进一步的，所述屏蔽层12和/或所述屏蔽内壳8的材质含有导电金属或导电塑胶。
具体实施时，屏蔽层12和屏蔽内壳8材质含有导体，并且需要接地，导电塑料和导电金属都能将电磁辐射屏蔽掉，防止对车内其他用电装置的干扰。导电塑胶可以是导电塑料或导电橡胶，可以通过注塑、挤塑、吹塑、发泡、浸塑或3D打印等方式加工，加工工艺简单，降低加工成本。
根据本公开的电能传输连接装置的一实施例中，所述电连接骨架1的截面形状为多边形，所述多边形的角全部倒角或倒圆。
具体实施时，截面为多边形形状的电连接骨架1的角全部倒角或倒圆，可方便电连接骨架1与连接端子之间连接，使得二者之间在通过焊接或者压接时，电连接骨架1与连接端子之间连接的更为牢固，接触面积更大，导通电流更好；防止电连接骨架1与连接端子之间因连接时接触面积过小，导致电阻过大，引起发热甚至发生燃烧事故；也可防止在使用过程中，因多边形相邻的两条边形成的棱边划破绝缘层造成人员伤亡以及财产损失。
本公开的一种电能传输连接装置的一实施例中，其中一个所述连接器2为充电座。随着新能源汽车的越来越普及，为新能源汽车充电的设备和设施也随之发展起来，新能 源汽车上的充电电池由于要达到快充的要求，需要用到充电座总成，本发明中其中一个连接器2为充电座，连接充电枪，另一端的连接器2为高压连接器，连接充电电池，实现为充电电池充电的目的。
本公开的一种车辆，包含如上所述的电能传输连接装置。
虽然已经通过例子对本发明的一些特定实施例进行了详细说明，但是本领域的技术人员应该理解，以上例子仅是为了进行说明，而不是为了限制本发明的范围。本领域的技术人员应该理解，可在不脱离本发明的范围和精神的情况下，对以上实施例进行修改。本发明的范围由所附权利要求来限定。

Claims (31)

  1. 一种电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，包括至少一个电连接骨架以及与所述电连接骨架两端连接的连接器，所述连接器内设置至少一个固定腔体，所述电连接骨架的端部延伸形成端子结构，所述端子结构至少部分设置在所述固定腔体中，所述端子结构实现所述连接器电连接功能。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于,所述端子结构与电连接骨架的横截面形状不同。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于,所述端子结构与电连接骨架的横截面积不同。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于,所述连接器成型在所述端子结构及所述电连接骨架上。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于,所述连接器内含有高压互锁结构。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述电连接骨架至少部分为刚性体，所述电连接骨架的抗拉强度大于75MPa。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述端子结构与所述电连接骨架轴向成角度设置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述端子结构与所述电连接骨架轴向夹角为0°-180°。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述端子结构上至少部分表面设置间隔金属层，所述间隔金属层材质的热膨胀系数为大于等于1.1*10-6/K。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述端子结构上至少部分表面设置间隔金属层，所述间隔金属层中含有至少37wt％的铜铝固溶体。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述铜铝固溶体中含有铜铝化合物，所述铜铝化合物的含量小于15wt％。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述端子结构上至少部分表面设置间隔金属层，所述间隔金属层材质含有金、银、镍、锡、锌、锡铅合金、银锑合金、钯、钯镍合金、石墨银、石墨烯银和银金锆合金中的一种或几种。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述端子结构上至少部分表面设置间隔金属层，所述间隔金属层采用电镀、化学镀、磁控溅射、真空镀、焊接、贴附、刷涂、喷涂或者粘贴的方式设置在所述端子结构上。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述端子结构在靠近所述电连接骨架的部分上设置凹槽或凸起，所述固定腔体内部设置凸起或凹槽，所述凸起和凹槽匹配卡接。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述凸起和凹槽中间设置密封圈。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述端子结构为柱状体，所述柱状体的横截面形状为圆形、椭圆形、矩形、多边形、A形、B形、D形、M形、N形、O形、S形、E形、F形、H形、K形、L形、T形、U形、V形、W形、X形、Y形、Z形、P形、半弧形、弧形、波浪形中的一种或几种。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述端子结构为扁带状，所述扁带状上设置通孔或螺纹孔。
  18. 根据权利要求1所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述端子结构包括平板状的上夹板和下夹板，所述上夹板和所述下夹板中间形成端子对插槽。
  19. 根据权利要求1所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述端子结构为筒状，所述筒状内部横截面形状为圆形、椭圆形、矩形、多边形、A形、B形、D形、M形、N形、O形、S形、E形、F形、H形、K形、L形、T形、U形、V形、W形、X形、Y形、Z形、P形、半弧形、弧形、波浪形中的一种或几种。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述筒状外壁上设置沿轴向方向延伸的胀缩缝，所述胀缩缝将所述端子结构分割成弹性片。
  21. 根据权利要求1所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述端子结构远离所述电连接骨架的端部棱角上设置倒角和倒圆。
  22. 根据权利要求1所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述电连接骨架外周还套设绝缘层。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于,所述电连接骨架具有至少一个弯曲部，至少部分的所述弯曲部含有至少一个腔体，所述腔体位于所述绝缘层内壁到所述电连接骨架外周之间。
  24. 根据权利要求22所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述绝缘层外周还依次套设屏蔽层和外绝缘层。
  25. 根据权利要求22所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述连接器和所述绝缘层之间设置密封结构。
  26. 根据权利要求24所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述连接器和所述外绝缘层之间设置密封结构。
  27. 根据权利要求24所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述连接器内设置具有屏蔽效能的屏蔽内壳，所述屏蔽内壳与所述屏蔽层电连接。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述屏蔽层和/或所述屏蔽内壳的材质含有导电金属或导电塑胶。
  29. 根据权利要求1所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，其中一个所述连接器为充电座。
  30. 根据权利要求1所述的电能传输连接装置，其特征在于，所述电连接骨架的截面形状为多边形，所述多边形的角全部倒角或倒圆。
  31. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包含如权利要求1-30任一项所述的电能传输连接装置。
PCT/CN2023/081261 2022-03-14 2023-03-14 一种电能传输连接装置及车辆 WO2023174247A1 (zh)

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