WO2020134044A1 - 柴油机dpf清洗再生设备 - Google Patents

柴油机dpf清洗再生设备 Download PDF

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WO2020134044A1
WO2020134044A1 PCT/CN2019/096702 CN2019096702W WO2020134044A1 WO 2020134044 A1 WO2020134044 A1 WO 2020134044A1 CN 2019096702 W CN2019096702 W CN 2019096702W WO 2020134044 A1 WO2020134044 A1 WO 2020134044A1
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cleaning
dpf
compressed air
diesel engine
pipeline
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PCT/CN2019/096702
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English (en)
French (fr)
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孙丽媛
陈毛毛
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江苏可兰素汽车环保科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2020134044A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020134044A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/0237—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles for regenerating ex situ

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  • the invention relates to a cleaning device, in particular to a diesel engine DPF cleaning and regeneration device.
  • Diesel vehicles have the advantages of low fuel consumption rate, high torque output, and wide power coverage, and are widely used in transportation and engineering machinery. With the tightening of automobile emission regulations, diesel vehicles can only meet the strict emission regulations in the future by using after-treatment devices.
  • the emissions of HC, CO, NOx in diesel exhaust are less than that of gasoline vehicles, but the emission of soot particles in exhausts is higher than that of gasoline vehicles, and even tens of times higher.
  • the solid pollutants emitted by diesel engines are mainly particulate matter, which is composed of dry carbon smoke (SOOT), soluble organic components (SOF), a small amount of sulfuric acid and sulfate. With the continuous increase of global diesel vehicle production, the exhaust emissions of diesel vehicles have attracted great attention from governments of various countries.
  • DPF can effectively reduce diesel particulate emissions, but as the driving distance increases, more and more particulates are deposited in the trap, resulting in increased exhaust back pressure and the deterioration of the engine's economy and power, so it must be timely
  • the collected combustible particles are removed to realize the regeneration of the particle trap.
  • the exhaust temperature is generally 250 to 500 °C
  • the ignition point of the particles is generally 550 to 600 °C. Relying on the exhaust of the diesel engine, it is difficult to regenerate the trap. It is a common DPF regeneration method to oxidize and burn the particulates trapped in DPF, but this method is easy to cause thermal damage to the filter body.
  • the present invention proposes a high-efficiency reverse purge type diesel engine DPF cleaning and regeneration equipment.
  • the DPF cleaning and regeneration equipment for diesel engines of the present invention includes a cleaning tank, a cleaning tray built into the bottom of the cleaning tank, a cleaning liquid line, a compressed air line, a cleaning rod, and a rotation for driving the rotation of the cleaning tray A transmission, a cylinder for driving the reciprocating movement of the cleaning rod, and a high-pressure nozzle, which are respectively connected to the cleaning rod, the liquid outlet of the cleaning liquid pipe, and the air outlet of the compressed air pipe.
  • the liquid outlet of the cleaning liquid pipeline and the air outlet of the compressed air pipeline are connected to the high-pressure nozzle through a metal hose.
  • the compressed air is hot compressed air, which can realize rapid purge drying of the inside of the DPF.
  • the compressed air pipeline is a stainless steel tube. To prevent heat loss, a heat insulation layer is wrapped around the stainless steel tube.
  • the compressed air pipeline is provided with a pressure gauge and a pressure regulating valve.
  • the cleaning tank is provided with an ultrasonic vibrator, heating and temperature sensing system.
  • the working voltage of the ultrasonic generator device is AC220 ⁇ 10V.
  • the ultrasonic generator has overvoltage, overcurrent, output short circuit and other protection measures; the heating and temperature sensing system adopts a digital intelligent thermostat.
  • a liquid level sensor is provided inside the cleaning tank. After the liquid level sensor detects that there is a small loss of the cleaning liquid, the cleaning liquid can be supplemented to maintain the capacity of the cleaning liquid in the cleaning tank.
  • a drain pipe is provided at the bottom of the cleaning tank, and the used cleaning liquid is pumped away by a diaphragm pump.
  • the diesel engine DPF cleaning and regeneration device of the present invention is equipped with an ultrasonic cleaning system, supplemented by heating means, after ultrasonic cleaning, reverse purge high-pressure washing and hot compressed air purge drying.
  • an ultrasonic cleaning system supplemented by heating means, after ultrasonic cleaning, reverse purge high-pressure washing and hot compressed air purge drying.
  • clean and regenerate the clogged DPF sample to achieve rapid recovery of the particulate replenishment performance of the diesel DPF, improve the engine exhaust back pressure, thereby reducing the maintenance or replacement cost of the clogged DPF, reduce the fuel consumption of the diesel engine, and restore the engine power of the diesel engine And restore the DPF exhaust purification ability.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
  • the diesel DPF cleaning and regeneration equipment includes a cleaning tank 1, a cleaning tray 2 built in the bottom of the cleaning tank 1, a cleaning liquid pipeline, a compressed air pipeline 6, a cleaning rod 8, and a cleaning tray 2 for rotating
  • the rotary transmission 3, the cylinder 9 for driving the cleaning rod 8 to reciprocate, and the high-pressure nozzle 4, the high-pressure nozzle 4 are respectively connected to the cleaning rod 8, the liquid outlet of the cleaning liquid line and the air outlet of the compressed air line 6; cleaning
  • the bottom of the tank 1 is also provided with a drainage line and is equipped with a valve 18.
  • the cleaning tank 1 is also provided with an ultrasonic vibrator 5, a heating and temperature sensing system 10 and a liquid level sensor 12.
  • the ultrasonic vibrator 5 is evenly arranged on the side wall and bottom of the cleaning tank 1.
  • the operating voltage of the ultrasonic generator device is AC220 ⁇ 10V.
  • the ultrasonic generator has overvoltage, overcurrent, output short circuit and other protective measures;
  • the heating and temperature sensing system 10 is used for heating and temperature monitoring of the cleaning liquid in the cleaning tank 1, and heating the cleaning liquid to a set temperature can improve the cleaning effect.
  • the heating and temperature sensing system 10 adopts digital intelligent temperature control After the liquid level sensor 12 detects that the cleaning liquid has a small loss, it can be supplemented with cleaning liquid to maintain the capacity of the cleaning liquid in the cleaning tank 1.
  • the cleaning tank 1 and the frame of the whole machine are made of stainless steel, and the bottom of the equipment is also provided with feet for adjusting its level.
  • the air inlet of the DPF is placed down on the cleaning tray 2.
  • the cleaning tray 2 is a mesh tray, which helps the discharged dirt to be discharged; the rotation speed of the cleaning tray 2 can be set by the program control of the motor.
  • the cleaning fluid pipeline includes E1 pipeline and E2 pipeline, and is equipped with valve 15 and valve 16, respectively.
  • the cleaning fluid A flows through the E1 pipeline through the centrifugal pump 13 and is directly pumped into the cleaning tank 1; the cleaning fluid B passes through the high-pressure water pump 14 flows through the E2 pipeline, and the liquid outlet of the E2 pipeline is connected to the high-pressure nozzle 4.
  • the cleaning fluids A and B were specially developed for the characteristics and cleaning requirements of the blocked DPF parts in the first and second stages. For details, please refer to the Chinese invention patents with application numbers CN201711461669.0 and CN201711463677.9.
  • the compressed air pipeline 6 is equipped with a valve 17.
  • the compressed air in this embodiment adopts heated compressed air.
  • the material of the compressed air pipeline 6 is stainless steel pipe.
  • the insulation layer is wrapped around the pipe, and the entire gas pipeline can withstand a high temperature of 200°C.
  • a section of compressed air pipeline 6 near the air outlet is provided with a resistance wire pipeline (which can also be a heating wire or other functional elements) to instantaneously heat the compressed air. Realize high temperature purge and dry function. Of course, using normal temperature compressed air can also dry the DPF parts, but it takes a little longer.
  • the front end of the high-pressure nozzle 4 is provided with a tee to reserve an external compressed air connection.
  • the compressed air line 6 is also provided with a pressure gauge and a pressure valve (not shown in the figure), which can adjust the intake pressure according to the actual situation.
  • the metal hose 7 is used to realize the connection between the E2 pipeline, the compressed air pipeline 6 and the high-pressure nozzle 4.
  • the cleaning fluid or compressed air passes through the metal hose 7 and enters the high-pressure nozzle 4, thereby flushing and drying the DPF parts.
  • the amplitude of the reciprocating motion of the cleaning rod 8 is set to be slightly larger than the diameter of the DPF, and the speed of its reciprocating motion can be set by the cylinder 9 program control.
  • the discharge line includes E3 line and E4 line, the main line is equipped with valve 18 and diaphragm pump 11, the branch line is equipped with valve 19 and valve 20 respectively, and the used cleaning fluids A and B flow through E3 through the diaphragm pump respectively It can be directly discharged after the E4 pipeline, or you can add recovery additives to the discharged cleaning liquids A and B, and recycle them after flocculation and sedimentation treatment.
  • Stage one the cleaning fluid A is pumped into the cleaning tank 1 through the centrifugal pump 13, the DPF parts on the diesel engine are removed, and the air inlet is placed down on the cleaning tray 2 On the top, immerse in the cleaning tank 1 with cleaning liquid A. After immersing for a period of time, turn on the ultrasound. If the DPF surface is seriously clogged or even if oil sludge is observed, it can be assisted by heating the DPF to clean the DPF.
  • the cleaning solution A in the cleaning tank 1 is drained; stage two: start the rotation transmission 3, drive the cleaning tray 2 to rotate, and simultaneously start the air cylinder 9, drive the cleaning rod 8 to drive the high-pressure spray 4 nozzle to reciprocate, pass the high pressure
  • the water pump 14 pumps the cleaning fluid B, flows through the high-pressure nozzle 4, and performs a purge type high-pressure flush on the DPF air outlet end.
  • stage three compressed air is turned on, Compressed air enters the high-pressure nozzle 4 to dry and purge the washed DPF parts at high temperature.
  • the present invention can achieve rapid recovery of the particulate supplementation performance of the diesel engine DPF and improve the engine exhaust back pressure through three steps of ultrasonic cleaning, reverse purge high-pressure flushing and hot compressed air purge drying. , Restore DPF tail gas purification ability.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)

Abstract

一种柴油机DPF清洗再生设备，包括清洗槽(1)、内置于清洗槽底部的清洗托盘(2)，还包括清洗液管路、压缩空气管路(6)、清洗杆(8)、用于驱动清洗托盘转动的转动传动(3)、用于驱动清洗杆往复运动的气缸(9)以及高压喷嘴(4)，高压喷嘴分别与清洗杆、清洗液管路的出液口和压缩空气管路的出气口连接。该设备，经超声清洗、反向吹扫式高压冲洗及热压缩空气吹扫烘干三阶段过程，对堵塞DPF样件进行清洗再生，改善发动机排气背压，从而降低堵塞DPF的维修或更换成本、恢复DPF尾气净化能力。

Description

柴油机DPF清洗再生设备 技术领域
本发明涉及清洗装置，尤其涉及一种柴油机DPF清洗再生设备。
背景技术
柴油车具有燃油消耗率低、转矩输出高、功率覆盖范围广等优点，在交通运输和工程机械等领域得到广泛应用。随着汽车排放法规的加严，柴油车只有采用后处理装置才能满足未来严格的排放法规。柴油车尾气中HC、CO、NOx三种有害物的排放比汽油车都要少，但是其尾气中碳烟颗粒物排放量比汽油车排放量要高，甚至高出几十倍。柴油机排放的固体污染物主要是颗粒物，它是由干炭烟(SOOT)、可溶性有机成分(SOF)、少量的硫酸及硫酸盐等构成。随着全球柴油车产量的不断增加，柴油车的尾气排放问题已引起了各国政府的高度重视，国内外相继制订了严格的柴油车尾气排放法规，如欧盟分别于2005年、2008年和2013年实施欧Ⅳ、欧Ⅴ和欧Ⅵ柴油车尾气排放标准，对柴油车尾气排放物浓度做了严格规定。中国也相继开始实施国四、国五柴油车尾气排放标准。目前国内外通常都是采用改进发动机机内燃烧技术结合选择性催化还原系统(SCR)，或结合废气再循环系统(EGR)与柴油车颗粒物捕集器(DPF)/颗粒物氧化催化器(POC)尾气后处理技术两大主流技术路线来实现。
DPF能有效的减少柴油机微粒排放，但随着行驶里程的增加，越来越多的微粒沉积在捕集器内，造成排气背压增加，发动机的经济性和动力性恶化，因此必须及时地将捕集的可燃微粒清除掉，实现微粒捕集器的再生。在柴油机正常工作的转速和负荷下，排气温度一般在250～500℃，而微粒的燃点一般为550～600℃，依靠柴油机的排气，很难使捕集器再生。将DPF中捕集的微粒氧化燃烧掉，是现在普遍的DPF再生方式，但这种方式易使得过滤体热损坏。并且大部分因润滑油添加剂包、引擎磨损金属产生的微粒无法经过氧化燃烧的方式去除，随着时间的推移，这部分微粒积聚，堵塞DPF孔道，降低DPF的微粒捕集能力，同时，导致排气管背压升高，油耗增加、动力减小，甚至会导致DPF烧损报废，从而造成严重环境污染及更换DPF的经济损失。
发明内容
发明目的：针对以上问题，本发明提出一种高效的反向吹扫式柴油机DPF清洗再生设备。
技术方案：本发明所述的柴油机DPF清洗再生设备，包括清洗槽、内置于清洗槽底部的清洗托盘，还包括清洗液管路、压缩空气管路、清洗杆、用于驱动清洗托盘转动的转动传动、用于驱动清洗杆往复运动的气缸以及高压喷嘴，所述高压喷嘴分别与所述清 洗杆、清洗液管路的出液口和压缩空气管路的出气口连接。
优选的，所述清洗液管路的出液口和压缩空气管路的出气口通过金属软管与高压喷嘴连接。
优选的，压缩空气为热压缩空气，可实现对DPF内部的快速吹扫烘干，所述压缩空气管路为不锈钢管，为防止热量散失，在所述不锈钢管的管外包裹有保温层。
优选的，所述压缩空气管路上设有压力表和压力调节阀。
优选的，为了使清洗效果更佳，所述清洗槽内部设有超声震子、加热及温度传感系统。超声波发生器装置工作电压AC220±10V，超声波发生器具有过压，过流，输出短路等保护措施；所述加热及温度传感系统采用数字智能式温控器。
优选的，所述清洗槽内部设有液位传感器，通过液位传感器检测到清洗液有少量损失后可补加清洗液，保持清洗槽中清洗液的容量。
优选的，所述清洗槽底部设有排液管，通过隔膜泵将用后的清洗液抽走。
有益效果：与现有技术相比，本发明的柴油机DPF清洗再生设备，内设超声清洗系统，辅以加热手段，经过超声清洗、反向吹扫式高压冲洗及热压缩空气吹扫烘干三阶段过程，对堵塞DPF样件进行清洗再生，达到快速恢复柴油机DPF的颗粒补集性能，改善发动机排气背压，从而降低堵塞DPF的维修或更换成本、减少柴油机的油耗、恢复柴油机的发动机功率及恢复DPF尾气净化能力。
附图说明
图1是本发明的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
如图1所示，柴油机DPF清洗再生设备，包括清洗槽1、内置于清洗槽1底部的清洗托盘2、清洗液管路、压缩空气管路6、清洗杆8、用于驱动清洗托盘2转动的转动传动3、用于驱动清洗杆8往复运动的气缸9以及高压喷嘴4，高压喷嘴4分别与清洗杆8、清洗液管路的出液口和压缩空气管路6的出气口连接；清洗槽1底部还设有排液管路并配有阀门18。
清洗槽1中还设有超声震子5、加热及温度传感系统10和液位传感器12。为了保证较好的超声效果，将超声震子5均匀布置在清洗槽1侧壁及底部，超声波发生器装置工作电压AC220±10V，超声波发生器具有过压，过流，输出短路等保护措施；加热及温度传感系统10用以对清洗槽1中的清洗液进行加热和温度监控，将清洗液加热至设定温度，可以提高清洗效果，加热及温度传感系统10采用数字智能式温控器；通过液位传感器12检测到清洗液有少量损失后可补加清洗液，以保持清洗槽1中清洗液的容量。
清洗槽1及整机框架采用不锈钢制作，设备底部还设有用以调整其水平度的地脚。
DPF的进气口向下置于清洗托盘2上，清洗托盘2为网状托盘，有助于被清洗出来的污物排出；清洗托盘2的转动速度可通过电机的程序控制进行设定。
清洗液管路包括E1管路和E2管路，并分别配有阀门15和阀门16，清洗液A通过离心泵13流经E1管路，直接泵入清洗槽1内；清洗液B通过高压水泵14流经E2管路，E2管路的出液口与高压喷嘴4连接。清洗液A和B是针对第一阶段和第二阶段的堵塞DPF件特性和清洗要求而特别开发的，详见申请号为CN201711461669.0和CN201711463677.9的中国发明专利。
压缩空气管路6上配有阀门17，为了使清洗后的DPF件快速烘干，本实施例中的压缩空气采用加热后的压缩空气，压缩空气管路6的材质选用不锈钢管，不锈钢管的管外包裹保温层，整个气路管道可耐200℃高温，压缩空气管路6上靠近出气口的一段设置电阻丝管道(也可以是加热炉丝或其他功能元件)，将压缩空气瞬时加热，实现高温吹扫烘干功能。当然使用常温压缩空气也同样能够吹干DPF件，只是耗时略长。高压喷嘴4前端设三通预留一个外部增加压缩空气接口，压缩空气管路6上还设有压力表和压力阀(未在图中画出)，可根据实际情况调节进气压力。
使用金属软管7实现E2管路、压缩空气管路6与高压喷嘴4的连接，清洗液或压缩空气经过金属软管7，进入高压喷嘴4，从而对DPF件进行冲洗和吹干。
清洗杆8往复运动的振幅设定为略大于DPF件的直径，其往复运动的速度可以通过气缸9程序控制进行设定。
排液管路包括E3管路和E4管路，主路上配有阀门18和隔膜泵11，支路上分别配有阀门19和阀门20，用后的清洗液A和B通过隔膜泵分别流经E3和E4管路后直接排出，也可以在排出的清洗液A和B中加入回收添加剂，经絮凝沉淀处理后循环再利用。
本设备通过三个阶段完成对DPF的清洗，阶段一：通过离心泵13将清洗液A泵入清洗槽1内，拆下柴油机上的DPF件，将其进气口向下置于清洗托盘2上，浸入装有清洗液A的清洗槽1中，浸泡一段时间后，开启超声，若DPF表面堵塞严重甚至观察到有油泥附着，可辅以加热手段对DPF进行清洗，对堵塞DPF件进行初步清洗，清洗完成后，排去清洗槽1中的清洗液A；阶段二：启动转动传动3，驱动清洗托盘2转动，同时启动气缸9，驱动清洗杆8带动高压喷4嘴往复运动，通过高压水泵14将清洗液B泵入，流经高压喷嘴4，对DPF出气口端进行吹扫式高压冲洗，冲洗完成后，排去清洗槽1中的清洗液B；阶段三：接通压缩空气，压缩空气进入高压喷嘴4，对冲洗后的DPF件进行高温烘干吹扫。相比于现有技术，本发明通过超声清洗、反向吹扫式高压冲洗和热压缩空气吹扫烘干三个步骤，可达到快速恢复柴油机DPF的颗粒补集性能，改善发动机排气背压，恢复DPF尾气净化能力。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种柴油机DPF清洗再生设备，包括清洗槽(1)、内置于清洗槽(1)底部的清洗托盘(2)，其特征在于，还包括清洗液管路、压缩空气管路(6)、清洗杆(8)、用于驱动清洗托盘(2)转动的转动传动(3)、用于驱动清洗杆(8)往复运动的气缸(9)以及高压喷嘴(4)，所述高压喷嘴(4)分别与所述清洗杆(8)、清洗液管路的出液口和压缩空气管路(6)的出气口连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的柴油机DPF清洗再生设备，其特征在于，所述清洗液管路的出液口和压缩空气管路(6)的出气口通过金属软管(7)与高压喷嘴(4)连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的柴油机DPF清洗再生设备，其特征在于，所述压缩空气为热压缩空气，所述压缩空气管路(6)为不锈钢保温管。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的柴油机DPF清洗再生设备，其特征在于，所述压缩空气管路(6)上设有压力表和压力调节阀。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的柴油机DPF清洗再生设备，其特征在于，所述清洗槽(1)上设有超声震子(5)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的柴油机DPF清洗再生设备，其特征在于，所述清洗槽(1)内部设有加热及温度传感系统(10)。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的柴油机DPF清洗再生设备，其特征在于，所述清洗槽(1)内部设有液位传感器(12)。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的柴油机DPF清洗再生设备，其特征在于，所述清洗槽(1)底部设有排液管，所述排液管上设有隔膜泵(11)。
PCT/CN2019/096702 2018-12-25 2019-07-19 柴油机dpf清洗再生设备 WO2020134044A1 (zh)

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