WO2020133342A1 - 分光装置 - Google Patents

分光装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020133342A1
WO2020133342A1 PCT/CN2018/125318 CN2018125318W WO2020133342A1 WO 2020133342 A1 WO2020133342 A1 WO 2020133342A1 CN 2018125318 W CN2018125318 W CN 2018125318W WO 2020133342 A1 WO2020133342 A1 WO 2020133342A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
splitter
optical fiber
optical
beam splitter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/125318
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张锦锦
贾孝秦
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to CN201880005041.6A priority Critical patent/CN110998403A/zh
Priority to EP18921286.3A priority patent/EP3700105B1/en
Priority to MX2020002370A priority patent/MX2020002370A/es
Priority to CA3065352A priority patent/CA3065352C/en
Priority to PCT/CN2018/125318 priority patent/WO2020133342A1/zh
Priority to ES18921286T priority patent/ES2968833T3/es
Priority to KR1020197038686A priority patent/KR102397749B1/ko
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to CN202210918636.9A priority patent/CN115437085A/zh
Priority to BR112020003397-9A priority patent/BR112020003397A2/pt
Priority to AU2018427247A priority patent/AU2018427247B2/en
Priority to RU2020107251A priority patent/RU2771732C2/ru
Priority to JP2019568008A priority patent/JP7036517B2/ja
Priority to ARP190102166A priority patent/AR115879A1/es
Priority to US16/706,406 priority patent/US11194113B2/en
Priority to ZA2019/08596A priority patent/ZA201908596B/en
Priority to TW108147535A priority patent/TWI781364B/zh
Priority to PH12020500021A priority patent/PH12020500021A1/en
Publication of WO2020133342A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020133342A1/zh
Priority to US17/487,776 priority patent/US11714247B2/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
    • G02B6/4471—Terminating devices ; Cable clamps
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/10—Beam splitting or combining systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/3887—Anchoring optical cables to connector housings, e.g. strain relief features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/36—Mechanical coupling means
    • G02B6/38—Mechanical coupling means having fibre to fibre mating means
    • G02B6/3807—Dismountable connectors, i.e. comprising plugs
    • G02B6/3897—Connectors fixed to housings, casing, frames or circuit boards
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
    • G02B6/444—Systems or boxes with surplus lengths
    • G02B6/4441—Boxes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
    • G02B6/444—Systems or boxes with surplus lengths
    • G02B6/4441—Boxes
    • G02B6/4442—Cap coupling boxes
    • G02B6/4445—Divided base plates
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
    • G02B6/444—Systems or boxes with surplus lengths
    • G02B6/4452—Distribution frames
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
    • G02B6/4471—Terminating devices ; Cable clamps
    • G02B6/4472—Manifolds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
    • G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
    • G02B6/4471—Terminating devices ; Cable clamps
    • G02B6/4472—Manifolds
    • G02B6/4473—Three-way systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0278—WDM optical network architectures
    • H04J14/0282—WDM tree architectures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
    • G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
    • G02B6/2808—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers using a mixing element which evenly distributes an input signal over a number of outputs

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of optical communication technology, and particularly relates to a light splitting device.
  • An optical distribution network provides an optical transmission physical channel between an optical line terminal (Optical Line Terminal, OLT) and an optical network terminal (Optical Network Terminal, ONT).
  • ODN optical Distribution Network
  • ONT optical Network Terminal
  • the traditional splitting schemes are mostly equal ratio splitting schemes.
  • Figure 1 it is a schematic diagram of a traditional fiber link.
  • the optical signals coming out of the OLT pass through the optical distribution frame (Optical Distribution Frame, ODF), optical cable connector box (splitting and splitting closure, SSC), first-level splitting equipment, second-level splitting equipment, and optical fiber terminal box (access terminal box, ATB) after reaching the ONT.
  • the first-level splitting device in FIG. 1 is, for example, 1:8 splitting, and the first-level splitting device includes 8 optical output ends. Only one of the optical output ends is shown in FIG. 1, and the remaining optical output ends are omitted in FIG. 1.
  • the second-level splitting device is the same, only one of the optical output terminals is indicated, and the remaining optical output terminals are omitted.
  • This application provides a light splitting device, which aims to improve the construction efficiency of the light splitting equipment and reduce the construction difficulty and labor cost.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides a light splitting device, which is used in the field of ODN.
  • the optical splitting device in the present application may be, for example, an optical cable splice box, an optical fiber splitter box (fiber access terminal (FAT), an optical cable splitter box and other optical splitting devices.
  • the spectroscopic device includes a casing, an equal-segment beam splitter and an unequal-spectral beam splitter provided inside the casing; or the spectroscopic device includes a shell and an unequal-spectrum beam splitter provided inside the casing; a light inlet is provided on the shell And multiple light outlets, fiber optic adapters are installed on the light outlets, and fiber optic adapters can also be installed on the light inlets.
  • the light inlet, equal ratio beam splitter, unequal ratio beam splitter and light outlet are connected, so that the light path between the light inlet and the light outlet forms a light path through the equal ratio beam splitter and the unequal ratio beam splitter; or Between the optical port, the unequal ratio beam splitter and the light exit port, so that the optical path is formed between the light entrance port and the light exit port through the unequal ratio beam splitter; wherein, the light entrance port and the light input end of the equal ratio beam splitter are not At least one of the input ends of the proportional splitter is connected, and the fiber adapter on the light exit port is connected to at least one of the output end of the proportional splitter and the output end of the unequal splitter.
  • the end of the optical fiber adapter outside the housing is used for detachable fixed connection with the external optical fiber connector.
  • the fiber adapter can use pre-connected products.
  • the fiber connector on the prefabricated optical cable is directly plugged into the fiber adapter to complete the installation, and the installation process of the splitter box is realized No welding in the middle, all plug and play, effectively reduce the construction difficulty and improve the construction efficiency.
  • prefabricated optical cables are used during the installation of the splitter box and there is no fusion splicing, and all plug and play can be flexibly configured according to the distribution of users.
  • a light outlet with a lower optical power can correspond to users who are closer to each other, and an optical cable with a light outlet with a larger optical power can continue to be connected to the next node, thereby covering a greater number of users further away, due to unequal splitting
  • the flexible use of the device can effectively reduce the number of customized types of prefabricated optical cables, and the optical signals can be reasonably distributed to reduce line losses.
  • one end of the optical fiber adapter in the housing is used for detachable and fixed connection with an internal optical fiber connector
  • the internal optical fiber connector may be an optical splitter (including an equal splitter and an unequal split beam splitter)
  • Optical fiber connector including the optical fiber connector at the light input end and the light output end. Therefore, the installation efficiency is further improved, and the optical splitter is quickly connected to the optical fiber adapters at the light inlet and the light outlet.
  • At least one of the proportional splitter is connected between the light output end of the unequal splitter and the light exit port.
  • the output end connected to the proportional splitter can be the output end with a smaller output power among the output ends of the unequal splitter, which can not only ensure the coverage of the optical fibers of nearby users, but also allow the optical signal of most optical power to continue Transmission to the next node is beneficial to cover a greater number of fiber users farther away.
  • At least one of the proportional splitter is connected between the light entrance port and the light input end of the unequal splitter.
  • the optical signal that enters the housing is first divided equally by the proportional splitter, and then the optical signal is unevenly distributed by the unequal splitter, or it is further transmitted to a farther distance (such as unequal score)
  • Optical signals with a higher output power output by the optical device to be distributed to more users, or to nearby users (such as optical signals with a lower output power output from the unequal ratio splitter), which can meet the nearby Multi-user usage requirements.
  • At least one light exit port is connected to at least one light exit end of the unequal ratio beam splitter. Therefore, the optical signal output via the unequal splitter can be transmitted to a longer distance, and then distributed to more and more users.
  • at least one light output end of the unequal ratio beam splitter is connected to the light outlet, and the light output end of the unequal ratio beam splitter connected to the light outlet is each light output end of the unequal ratio beam splitter The optical output end with the larger optical output power; therefore, after the optical signal passes through the unequal splitter, most of the optical signal of the power is transmitted to the next node through the optical output port, so that the optical signal of most power is retained on the main road and can be transmitted farther The distance, the optical signal is distributed to more and more users.
  • the optical signal After a small part of the optical signal passes through the proportional splitter, it is distributed to users closer to it. Or all the light output ends of the at least one unequal ratio beam splitter are respectively connected to the light output ports one by one. Therefore, after passing through each output end of the unequal splitter, the optical signal is transmitted to different nodes, and the optical signal at the output end with a larger output power can be transmitted to the node that covers a larger number of users, and the output end with a lower output power Optical signals can be transmitted to nodes with a small number of users.
  • At least one of the unequal ratio beam splitters is connected between the light exit end of the equal ratio beam splitter and the light exit port.
  • the optical signal with a higher output power output by the optical splitter can be distributed to more users or distributed to nearby users (such as the optical signal with a smaller output power output from the unequal splitter) to meet more nearby User needs.
  • At least one of the unequal ratio beam splitters is connected between the light entrance port and the light entrance end of the equal ratio beam splitter.
  • the optical signal that enters the housing is distributed unevenly through the unequal splitter, and then the optical signal is evenly distributed through the equal splitter (for example, the equal splitter can be connected to the unequal splitter 3
  • the output end with a smaller output power can meet the needs of users nearby.
  • the light output end with more light output power of the proportional splitter can be connected to the light output port, so that the optical signal can continue to be transmitted to a farther distance to be distributed to more users.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a traditional fiber link
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical fiber link in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a light splitting device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of a light splitting device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a light splitting device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a light splitting device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a light splitting device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a light splitting device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a light splitting device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a light splitting device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a spectroscopic device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the inclusion of a series of products or devices is not necessarily limited to those structures clearly listed, but may include those not clearly Listed or other structures inherent to these products or equipment, the examples of the structures appearing in this application are only a logical example, and there may be additional replacement structures in actual application, for example, multiple components may be combined Integrated or integrated into another structure, or some structural features can be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling can be based on actual needs to select some or all of the structure to The purpose of the solution of the embodiment of the present invention is achieved.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an optical splitting device, which is used in the field of optical communication, for example, the field of ODN.
  • the optical splitting device in the present application may be, for example, an optical cable splice box, an optical fiber splitter box (fiber access terminal, FAT), an optical cable splitter box and other optical splitting devices, and the specific name is not limited in this application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an optical fiber link in an embodiment of the present invention, and three optical splitting devices in the embodiment of the present invention are used in the link.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a spectroscopic device in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a partial schematic diagram of an embodiment of a spectroscopic device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the spectroscopic device includes a housing 1.
  • the housing 1 is provided with a light inlet 11 and a plurality of light outlets 12.
  • each light outlet 12 may be provided with a fiber adapter 4.
  • An optical fiber adapter 4 may also be provided on part of the light exit 12.
  • an optical fiber adapter 4 is provided on each light outlet 12 as an example.
  • the number of light inlets 11 on each housing 1 may be one, or may be at least two.
  • the following embodiment takes one as an example.
  • An optical fiber adapter 4 may be provided on the light entrance 11.
  • the optical fiber adapter 4 may be a single core, that is, each optical fiber adapter 4 feeds one optical fiber, and correspondingly, the optical fiber connector connected to the optical fiber adapter 4 is also a single core; or, the optical fiber adapter 4 may also be a multi-core, namely Each optical fiber adapter 4 allows multiple optical fibers to pass through, for example, as shown in FIG. 9, the optical fiber adapter 4 at the light entrance 11 is a dual-core, that is, each optical fiber adapter 4 passes through two optical fibers, correspondingly, to the optical fiber
  • the optical fiber connector connected by the adapter 4 is also dual-core.
  • the optical fiber adapter 4 may use a pre-connected product.
  • the optical fiber adapter 4 has a first end 41 and a second end opposite to each other.
  • the first end 41 is located outside the housing 1 and the second end is located inside the housing 1.
  • the first end 41 is used to install an external optical fiber connector
  • the optical fiber connector can be detachably fixed.
  • the second end is used to install the internal optical fiber connector and is detachably fixed to the internal optical fiber connector.
  • the optical fiber adapter 4 is sealed between the light inlet 11 and the light outlet 12 where the optical fiber adapter 4 is installed, and the first end 41 of the optical fiber adapter 4 located outside the housing 1 is also provided with a sealing cap, which is not installed at the first end 41 When the external optical fiber connector is connected, a sealing cap is installed at the first end 41 to seal the optical fiber adapter. When an optical fiber connector is installed on the first end 41, the first end 41 may also be sealed.
  • a proportional splitter 2 and an unequal splitter 3 are provided inside the housing 1.
  • the number of equal ratio beam splitters 2 provided in the housing 1 is at least one, and the number of unequal ratio beam splitters 3 is at least one.
  • the light entrance 11, the proportional beam splitter 2, the unequal beam splitter 3 and the light exit port 12 are connected to pass between the light entrance port 11 and the light exit port 12
  • the proportional splitter 2 and the unequal splitter 3 form an optical path.
  • the number of the proportional beam splitter 2 is at least one, for example, it may be one, two, three or more.
  • the number of the unequal ratio beam splitters 3 is at least one, for example, it may be one, two, three or more.
  • the spectroscopic device may not include an equal-spectrum splitter 2.
  • the spectroscopic device includes a housing 1 and an unequal-spectrum splitter 2 disposed inside the housing 1.
  • the light inlet 11, the unequal ratio beam splitter 3 and the light outlet 12 are connected so that the light inlet 11 and the light outlet 12 pass through the unequal ratio beam splitter 3 Form a light path.
  • the number of the unequal ratio beam splitters 3 is at least one, for example, it may be one, two, three or more.
  • multiple optical signals with different output powers can be obtained and transmitted to other nodes via the optical outlet 12, respectively, according to the users covered by each node Quantity, reasonably distribute the optical power of each optical signal. It is beneficial to make the optical signal cover a longer distance, and it is beneficial to distribute the optical signal reasonably according to the diversity of the number of users, without wasting resources, and can reasonably use the optical signal with maximum utilization.
  • the light entrance 11 is connected to at least one of the light entrance end of the proportional beam splitter 2 and the light entrance end of the unequal beam splitter 3
  • the The optical fiber adapter 4 is connected to at least one of the light output end of the proportional splitter 2 and the light output end of the unequal splitter 3.
  • At least one of the proportional splitter 2 is connected between the light output end of the unequal splitter 3 and the light exit port 12.
  • the unequal ratio beam splitter 3 is, for example, a 1:2 unequal ratio beam splitter, that is, it includes one optical input end 31 and two optical output ends (32, 33), wherein the two optical output ends ( 32,33) have different output power.
  • the proportional splitter 2 is, for example, a 1:8 proportional splitter, that is, it includes one optical input end 21 and eight optical output ends 22, wherein the output powers of the eight optical output ends 22 are all the same.
  • One light input end 21 of the proportional splitter 2 is connected to one light output end 33 of the unequal splitter 3 (for example, it can be connected to the light output end 33 with a smaller output power of the unequal splitter 3), and the equal split
  • the eight light-emitting ends 22 of the optical device 2 are connected to the eight light-emitting ports 122 in a one-to-one correspondence. It can be understood that FIG. 3 only shows that one light-emitting end 22 is connected to one light-emitting port 122, and the connection relationship between the remaining seven light-emitting ends 22 and the seven light-emitting ports 122 is omitted in the figure.
  • the specifications may be, for example, 90/10, 85/15, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, etc., depending on the actual user distribution. It can be understood that 90/10 means that the ratio of the light output powers of the two light output ends of the unequal ratio beam splitter 3 is 90:10.
  • the optical input and output ends of the optical splitter may be provided with optical fiber connectors.
  • the optical fiber connector may be The optical fiber adapter 4 (which can be the optical fiber adapter 4 on the light entrance or the optical fiber adapter 4 on the light exit) can be detachably fixed and connected, further improving the installation efficiency.
  • the optical fiber connectors of the two optical splitters When the optical fiber connectors of the two optical splitters are connected, the optical fiber connectors of the two optical splitters can be detachably fixedly connected through an optical fiber adapter provided in the housing 1.
  • one light input end of the proportional light splitter 2 is provided with a piece of optical fiber
  • one light output end of the unequal light splitter 3 is provided with a piece of optical fiber, which can directly fuse the two pieces of optical fiber.
  • all the light output ends of at least one of the proportional splitters 2 are connected to the light output ports 12 in a one-to-one correspondence.
  • part of the light output ends of the proportional splitter 2 are connected to the light exit ports 12 in one-to-one correspondence, and the remaining light output ends are connected to the light input ends of other equal splitter 2 or unequal splitter 3.
  • the light outlet 12 includes a first light outlet 121 and at least two second light outlets 122.
  • the first light outlet 121 and the second light outlet 122 are respectively provided with the fiber adapter 4. It can be understood that, in the light outlet 12 provided on the housing 1, in addition to the first light outlet 121 and the second light outlet 122, there may be other light outlets, and the fiber adapter 4 on these other light outlets may be used for For the optical signal to pass, the idle state can also be reserved, depending on the actual needs.
  • the unequal ratio beam splitter 3 includes a first light input end 31, a first light output end 32, and a second light output end 33.
  • the number of light output ends of the unequal ratio beam splitter 3 in this embodiment may be at least two, for example , Can be 2, 3, 4 or more. The following takes the two light output ends (ie, the first light output end 32 and the second light output end 33) as an example.
  • the proportional beam splitter 2 includes a second light entrance end 21 and at least two third light exit ends 22, and the number of the third light exit ends 22 is the same as the number of the second light exit ports 122; in this embodiment
  • the number of output ends of the proportional splitter 2 may be at least two.
  • the equal ratio beam splitter 2 may be 1:2, 1:4, 1:8, 1:16 beam splitter, and so on.
  • the light entrance 11 is connected to the first light entrance 31; for example, the first light entrance 31 is provided with an optical fiber connector, and is detachably fixed to the fiber adapter 4 on the light entrance 11. Thereby further improving the installation efficiency.
  • the meaning of the detachable fixed connection is that the optical fiber connector can be fixedly connected to the optical fiber adapter 4 and can be detached from the optical fiber adapter 4 to facilitate insertion and removal and improve installation efficiency.
  • the first light outlet 32 is connected to the fiber adapter 4 on the first light outlet 121; for example, the first light outlet 31 is provided with an optical fiber connector and connected to the optical fiber on the first light outlet 121
  • the adapter 4 is detachably fixedly connected. Thereby further improving the installation efficiency.
  • the second light output end 33 is connected to the second light input end 21.
  • an optical fiber connector is provided on the second light output end 33, an optical fiber connector is provided on the second light entrance end 21, and the housing 1 further includes a detachable fixed connection The optical fiber connector on the second light output end 33 and the optical fiber adapter 4 on the optical fiber connector on the second light input end 21.
  • the optical fiber connectors of the second light output end 33 and the second light input end 21 are respectively connected to the optical fiber adapter 4, thereby further improving the installation efficiency.
  • an optical fiber is provided on the second light output end 33, an optical fiber is provided on the second light input end 21, and the optical fiber on the second light output end 33 and the second light input The optical fiber on end 21 is fused.
  • the third light emitting end 22 is connected to the optical fiber adapter 4 on the second light outlet 122 in a one-to-one correspondence. As shown in FIG. 3, it includes eight third light exit ends 22 and eight second light exit ports 122, and each third light exit end 22 is correspondingly connected to one second light exit port 122.
  • the third light output end 22 is provided with an optical fiber connector, and is detachably fixedly connected to the optical fiber adapter 4 on the second light output port 122. Thereby further improving the installation efficiency. It can be understood that FIG. 3 only illustrates one third light output end 22 and one second light output port 122, and the remaining third light output end 22 and the second light output port 122 are omitted in FIG. 3.
  • the light output power of the first light output end 32 is greater than the light output power of the second light output end 33. Therefore, after the optical signal passes through the unequal splitter 3, most of the optical signal of the power is transmitted to the next node through the first optical outlet 121, so that the optical signal of most power is retained on the trunk road, and the optical signal can be transmitted at a longer distance. The signal is distributed to more and more users. A small part of the optical signal passes through the proportional splitter 2 and is distributed to users closer to it.
  • At least one of the proportional splitter 2 is connected between the light entrance 11 and the light input end of the unequal splitter 3.
  • the optical signal entering the housing 1 is first divided equally by the proportional splitter 2 and then distributed unevenly by the unequal splitter 3, or it is further transmitted to a longer distance (
  • the optical signal with a larger output power from the unequal splitter 3 can be distributed to more users, or distributed to nearby users (such as the optical signal with a lower output power from the unequal splitter 3).
  • a specific connection method reference may be made to the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • At least one light exit port 12 is connected to at least one light exit end of the unequal ratio beam splitter 3. Therefore, the optical signal output via the unequal splitter 3 can be transmitted to a farther distance, and then distributed to more and farther users.
  • At least one of the light exit ends of the unequal ratio beam splitter 3 is connected to the light exit port 12, and the light exit end of the unequal ratio beam splitter 3 connected to the light exit port 12 is the unequal ratio
  • the optical signal of power can transmit farther distance, and distribute the optical signal to more and farther users. A small part of the optical signal passes through the proportional splitter 2 and is distributed to users closer to it.
  • all the light output ends of at least one of the unequal ratio beam splitters 3 are respectively connected to the light output ports 12 one by one. Therefore, after passing through each output end of the unequal splitter 3, the optical signal is transmitted to different nodes, and the optical signal at the output end with a larger output power can be transmitted to the node that covers a larger number of users, and the output light with a lower output power The optical signal at the end can be transmitted to the node with a small number of users.
  • At least one of the unequal splitter 3 is connected between the light output end of the equal splitter 2 and the light exit port 12.
  • the optical signal entering the housing 1 is evenly divided by the proportional splitter 2 and then distributed unevenly through the unequal splitter 3, or continues to be transmitted to a longer distance (such as Unequal splitter 3 output light signal with a larger output power), to be distributed to more users, or to nearby users (such as the unequal splitter 3 output light signal with a lower output power)
  • a longer distance such as Unequal splitter 3 output light signal with a larger output power
  • nearby users such as the unequal splitter 3 output light signal with a lower output power
  • At least one of the unequal ratio beam splitters 3 is connected between the light entrance port 11 and the light input end of the equal ratio beam splitter 2 between.
  • the optical signal that enters the housing 1 is distributed unevenly through the unequal splitter 3, and then the optical signal is evenly distributed through the proportional splitter 2 (for example, the proportional splitter 2 can be connected to After the output power of the optical splitter 3 is smaller, it can meet the needs of users nearby.
  • the light output end of the proportional light splitter 2 with more light output power can be connected to the light output port 12, so that the optical signal continues to be transmitted to a farther distance for distribution to more users.
  • the fiber adapter 4 at the light entrance 11 is double-core.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 embodiments of the spectroscopic device are shown in FIGS. 10 and 11.
  • the proportional splitter 2 and the unequal splitter 3 are combined, and the light inlet 11, the proportional splitter 2, the unequal splitter 3, and the light exit port 12 are connected to form an optical path.
  • the distribution of users is diverse.
  • the distribution density and distribution area of users in different regions are different.
  • the number and cascading methods of the light inlet 11, the proportional splitter 2, the unequal splitter 3 and the light exit 12 are all It can be flexibly set according to actual needs to meet the fiber requirements of actual users.
  • the fiber adapter 4 By setting the fiber adapter 4 on the light inlet 11 and the light outlet 12, the fiber adapter 4 can be a pre-connected product. During installation, the fiber connector on the prefabricated optical cable is directly plugged into the fiber adapter 4 to complete the installation. Achieve no splicing in the installation process of the splitter box, all plug and play, effectively reduce the construction difficulty and improve the construction efficiency.
  • both ends of the prefabricated optical cable are equipped with optical fiber connectors at the time of shipment, the length is generally fixed, and the length of the prefabricated optical cable cannot be changed after shipment. Due to the diversified distribution of users, if all the proportional splitters 2 are used in the splitter box, the fiber coverage area will be too small.
  • the prefabricated optical cable is used during the installation of the splitter box and there is no fusion, and all plug and play can be distributed according to the user's distribution.
  • the optical output port with a smaller optical output power can cover users who are closer, and the optical cable from the optical output port with a larger optical output power can continue to be connected to the next node, thus covering further and more A large number of users.
  • connection between the light inlet of the beam splitter, the equal ratio beam splitter, the unequal ratio beam splitter, and the light outlet is not limited to the combination shown in the above figure, as long as the spectroscopy device includes an unequal ratio
  • the optical device, and the light entrance and the light exit port form an optical path through the unequal splitter, are all within the protection scope of the present application.
  • the beam splitting device in this application may be a beam splitting box or a component of the beam splitting box, and the beam splitting device can be directly connected to the beam splitting box, or can be connected by other switching components, which is not limited in this application.
  • the definitions of the above light inlet 11, light outlet 12, optical splitter (including proportional splitter and unequal splitter) of the optical input end and the optical output end are based on the downstream optical signal transmission
  • the optical transmission direction is defined. It can be understood that when the upstream optical signal is transmitted, the light entrance 11 is also used for light exit, the light exit 12 is also used for light entrance, the light entrance end is also used for light exit, and the light exit end is also used for light entrance. Therefore, the above-mentioned light entrance 11, light exit 12, optical splitter (including proportional splitter and unequal splitter) optical input end and optical output end are just the definition of the name, it is easy to distinguish each structure when reading , Is not used to limit the function (such as light input or light output).

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Abstract

一种分光装置，分光装置包括壳体、设置于壳体内部的等比分光器和不等比分光器；壳体上设有入光口和多个出光口，出光口上设有光纤适配器；入光口、等比分光器、不等比分光器和出光口之间连接，以使入光口与出光口之间经由等比分光器和不等比分光器形成光通路；其中，入光口与等比分光器的入光端、不等比分光器的入光端中的至少一个连接，出光口上的光纤适配器与等比分光器的出光端、不等比分光器的出光端中的至少一个连接。该分光装置可以配合端部带有光纤连接头的光缆使用，实现即插即用的前提下，还能够根据用户分布情况灵活配置各个出光口上的出光功率，不仅覆盖距离远，且不浪费光信号资源以及尽可能覆盖更多数量的用户。

Description

分光装置 技术领域
本申请涉及光通信技术领域，尤其涉及的是一种分光装置。
背景技术
光分配网络(Optical distribution network，ODN)为光线路终端(Optical line terminal,OLT)和光网络终端(Optical network terminal,ONT)之间提供光传输物理通道。在ODN中，通常需要对光缆中的光纤进行分光，以覆盖更多的用户。
传统的分光方案多为等比分光方案，如图1所示，为一传统的光纤链路示意图。从OLT出来的光信号依次经由光配线架(Optical Distribution Frame，ODF)、光缆接头盒(splitting and splicing closure,SSC)、一级分光设备、二级分光设备、光纤终端盒(access terminal box,ATB)后到达ONT。图1中一级分光设备例如为1:8分光，一级分光设备包括8个光输出端，图1中仅示意其中1个光输出端，其余光输出端在图1中省略。二级分光设备同理，仅示意其中1个光输出端，其余光输出端省略。
传统分光方案中，为了使光纤覆盖更远的距离，通常需要对光纤进行分歧、熔接、接续等操作。在图1所述的分光设备中，通常需要对光纤进行熔接来实现光纤的接续，不仅施工周期长，且对施工技能要求较高，熔接的质量取决于操作者的水平，施工难度较大，人力成本高。
发明内容
本申请提供了一种分光装置，旨在提高分光设备的施工效率，降低施工难度和人力成本。
本申请第一方面提供一种分光装置，用于ODN领域。本申请中的分光装置例如可以是光缆接头盒、光纤分纤箱(fiber access terminal,FAT)、光缆分纤箱等分光设备。分光装置包括壳体、设置于壳体内部的等比分光器和不等比分光器；或者分光装置包括壳体和设置于壳体内部的不等比分光器；壳体上设有入光口和多个出光口，出光口上设有光纤适配器，入光口上也可以设置光纤适配器。入光口、等比分光器、不等比分光器和出光口之间连接，以使入光口与出光口之间经由等比分光器和不等比分光器形成光通路；或者，入光口、不等比分光器和出光口之间连接，以使入光口和出光口之间经由不等比分光器形成光通路；其中，入光口与等比分光器的入光端、不等比分光器的入光端中的至少一个连接，出光口上的光纤适配器与等比分光器的出光端、不等比分光器的出光端中的至少一个连接。光纤适配器的位于壳体外的一端用于与外部光纤连接头可拆卸固定连接。通过在入光口和出光口上设置光纤适配器，光纤适配器可以采用预连接产品，在安装时，直接将预制光缆上的光纤连接头插接上光纤适配器上即可完成安装，实现分光盒在安装过程中无熔接，全部即插即用，有效降低施工难度，提升施工效率。通过将光纤适配器、不等比分光器结合，使得在实现分光盒安装过程中采用预制光缆进而无熔接，全部即插即用的前提下，还能够根据用户分布情况灵活配置各个出光口上的出光功率，如较小出光功率的出光口可以对应覆盖较近的用户，较大出光功率的出光口出来的光缆可以继续连接至下一节点，进而覆盖更 远更多数量的用户，由于不等比分光器的灵活使用，能够有效地减少预制光缆的定制类型数，光信号能够合理分配，降低线路损耗。
在一些可能的设计中，所述光纤适配器的位于所述壳体内的一端用于与内部光纤连接头可拆卸固定连接，内部光纤连接头可以为分光器(包括等比分光器和不等比分光器)自带的光纤连接头，包括入光端和出光端的光纤连接头。从而进一步提高安装效率，有利于快速将分光器与入光口和出光口处的光纤适配器连接。
在一些可能的设计中，至少一个所述等比分光器连接于所述不等比分光器的出光端与所述出光口之间。等比分光器所连接的出光端可以为不等比分光器的各个出光端中出光功率较小的出光端，从而既可以保证附近用户的光纤覆盖，又可以使得大部分光功率的光信号继续传输至下一节点，有利于覆盖更远更多数量的光纤用户。
在一些可能的设计中，至少一个所述等比分光器连接于所述入光口与所述不等比分光器的入光端之间。使得进入该壳体内的光信号，先经由等比分光器把光信号均分，然后再经过不等比分光器将光信号不均匀分配后，或者继续传输至更远的距离(比如不等比分光器输出的出光功率较大的光信号)，以分配给更多的用户使用，或者分配给附近的用户(比如不等比分光器输出的出光功率较小的光信号)，进而满足附近较多用户的使用需求。
在一些可能的设计中，至少一个出光口与至少一个所述不等比分光器的出光端连接。从而可以使得经由不等比分光器输出的光信号可以传输至更远的距离，进而分配给更多更远的用户使用。具体的，至少一个所述不等比分光器的部分出光端与所述出光口连接，且连接至所述出光口的不等比分光器的出光端为该不等比分光器的各个出光端中出光功率较大的出光端；从而光信号经过不等比分光器之后，大部分功率的光信号经由出光口传输至下一节点，使得主干路上保留大部分功率的光信号，能够传输更远的距离，将光信号分配给更多更远的用户使用。小部分功率的光信号经由等比分光器后，分配给较近的用户使用。或者至少一个所述不等比分光器的全部出光端分别与出光口一一连接。从而光信号经过不等比分光器的各个出光端之后，分别被传输至不同的节点，出光功率较大的出光端的光信号可以传输至覆盖用户数量较多的节点，出光功率较小的出光端的光信号可以传输至用户数量较小的节点。
在一些可能的设计中，至少一个所述不等比分光器连接于所述等比分光器的出光端与所述出光口之间。使得进入该壳体内的光信号，经由等比分光器把光信号均分，然后再经过不等比分光器将光信号不均匀分配后，或者继续传输至更远的距离(比如不等比分光器输出的出光功率较大的光信号)，以分配给更多的用户使用，或者分配给附近的用户(比如不等比分光器输出的出光功率较小的光信号)，进而满足附近较多用户的使用需求。
在一些可能的设计中，至少一个所述不等比分光器连接于所述入光口与所述等比分光器的入光端之间。使得进入该壳体内的光信号，经由不等比分光器将光信号不均匀分配，然后再经过等比分光器将光信号均匀分配(例如，等比分光器可以连接至不等比分光器3的出光功率较小的出光端)后，可以满足附近用户的使用需求。等比分光器的出光功率较多的出光端可以连接至出光口，以使光信号继续传输至更远的距离，以分配给更多用户使用。
附图说明
图1为传统的光纤链路示意图；
图2为本发明实施例中一光纤链路示意图；
图3为本发明实施例中分光装置一实施例的结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例中分光装置一实施例的局部结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例中分光装置另一实施例的结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例中分光装置另一实施例的结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例中分光装置另一实施例的结构示意图；
图8为本发明实施例中分光装置另一实施例的结构示意图；
图9为本发明实施例中分光装置另一实施例的结构示意图；
图10为本发明实施例中分光装置另一实施例的结构示意图；
图11为本发明实施例中分光装置另一实施例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些结构，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些产品或设备固有的其它结构，本申请中所出现的结构的举例，仅仅是一种逻举例说明，实际应用中实现时可以有另外替换的结构，例如多个部件可以结合成或集成在另一个结构中，或一些结构特征可以忽略，或不执行，另外，所显示的或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合，可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或全部结构来实现本发明实施例方案的目的。
本发明实施例提供了一种分光装置，用于光通信领域，例如ODN领域。本申请中的分光装置例如可以是光缆接头盒、光纤分纤箱(fiber access terminal,FAT)、光缆分纤箱等分光设备，具体的名称本申请不作限定。
在一实施例中，参照图2至4，图2为本发明一实施例中一光纤链路示意图，该链路中，采用了3个本发明实施例中的分光装置。图3为本发明实施例中分光装置一实施例的结构示意图，图4为本发明实施例中分光装置一实施例的局部结构示意图。
该分光装置包括壳体1。壳体1上设有入光口11和多个出光口12。
多个出光口12中，可以每一出光口12上均设有光纤适配器4。也可以部分出光口12上设有光纤适配器4。以下实施例以每个出光口12上均设有1个光纤适配器4为例。
每一壳体1上的入光口11数量可以为1个，也可以为至少2个。以下实施例以1个为例。入光口11上也可以设有光纤适配器4。
光纤适配器4可以为单芯，即每个光纤适配器4供一根光纤通过，相应的，与该光纤适配器4连接的光纤连接头也为单芯；或者，光纤适配器4还可以为多芯，即每个光纤适配器4供多根光纤通过，例如，如图9所示，入光口11处的光纤适配器4为双芯，即每个光纤适配器4供2根光纤通过，相应的，与该光纤适配器4连接的光纤连接头也为双芯。
在一实施例中，参照图4，光纤适配器4可以采用预连接产品。光纤适配器4具有相对设置的第一端41和第二端，第一端41位于壳体1外侧，第二端位于壳体1内侧，第一端41用于安装外部光纤连接头，并与外部光纤连接头可拆卸固定连接。第二端用于安装内部光纤连接头，并与内部光纤连接头可拆卸固定连接。光纤适配器4与安装该光纤适配器4的入光口11和出光口12之间密封，且光纤适配器4位于壳体1外侧的第一端41还设有密封帽，在该第一端41未安装外部光纤连接头时，密封帽安装在第一端41以实现对光纤适配器的密封。在该第一端41安装有光纤连接头时，第一端41也可以实现密封。
在一实施例中，参照图2和3，以及图5至9，以及图11，壳体1内部设置有等比分光器2和不等比分光器3。
壳体1内设置的等比分光器2的数量为至少1个，不等比分光器3的数量为至少1个。所述入光口11、所述等比分光器2、所述不等比分光器3和所述出光口12之间连接，以使所述入光口11与所述出光口12之间经由所述等比分光器2和不等比分光器3形成光通路。等比分光器2的数量为至少1个，例如，可以为1个、2个、3个或以上。不等比分光器3的数量为至少1个，例如，可以为1个、2个、3个或以上。
另一实施例中，如图10所示，该分光装置可以不含等比分光器2，该分光装置包括壳体1和设置于所述壳体1内部的不等比分光器2。所述入光口11、所述不等比分光器3和所述出光口12之间连接，以使所述入光口11和所述出光口12之间经由所述不等比分光器3形成光通路。不等比分光器3的数量为至少1个，例如，可以为1个、2个、3个或以上。通过不等比分光器3，或者多个不等比分光器3的级联，能够获得多路不同出光功率的光信号，并且分别经由出光口12传输至其他的节点，根据各个节点覆盖的用户数量，合理分配各路光信号的光功率大小。有利于使得光信号覆盖更远的距离，且有利于根据用户数量的多样性，合理的分配光信号，不浪费资源，并能够最大利用率的合理利用光信号。
在一实施例中，所述入光口11与所述等比分光器2的入光端、所述不等比分光器3的入光端中的至少一个连接，所述出光口12上的光纤适配器4与所述等比分光器2的出光端、所述不等比分光器3的出光端中的至少一个连接。
在一实施例中，参照图3、5、7、8、9，至少一个所述等比分光器2连接于所述不等比分光器3的出光端与所述出光口12之间。
如图3所示，不等比分光器3例如为1:2不等比分光器，即包括1个入光端31和2个出光端(32,33)，其中所述2个出光端(32,33)的出光功率不同。等比分光器2例如为1:8等比分光器，即包括1个入光端21和8个出光端22，其中所述8个出光端22的出光功率均相同。等比分光器2的1个入光端21与不等比分光器3的1个出光端33连接(例如可以与不等比分光器3的出光功率较小的出光端33连接)，等比分光器2的8个出光端22与8个出光口122一一对应连接。可以理解的是，图3仅示出了1个出光端22与1个出光口122连接，其余7个出光端22与7个出光口122之间的连接关系图中省略。对于1:2不等比分光器3，其规格例如可以为90/10,85/15,80/20,70/30,60/40等，具体根据实际用户分布情况进行选择。可以理解的是，90/10的含义为，不等比分光器3的两个出光端的出光功率之比为90:10。
在一实施例中，分光器(包括等比分光器2和不等比分光器3)的入光端和出光端可 以设有光纤连接头，在一实施例中，该光纤连接头可以与上述光纤适配器4(可以为入光口上的光纤适配器4，也可以为出光口上的光纤适配器4)可拆卸固定连接，进一步提高安装效率。两个分光器的光纤连接头连接时，可以通过设置于壳体1内的一光纤适配器将两个分光器的光纤连接头可拆卸固定连接。
或者，两个分光器之间需要连接时，也可以通过光纤熔接的方式进行连接。例如，上述等比分光器2的1个入光端设有一段光纤，上述不等比分光器3的1个出光端设有一段光纤，可以将这两段光纤直接熔接。
在一实施例中，如图3、5、6、7、8、9、11所示，至少一个所述等比分光器2的所有出光端与所述出光口12一一对应连接。
在另一实施例中，等比分光器2的部分出光端与出光口12一一对应连接，其余出光端与其他等比分光器2或不等比分光器3的入光端连接。
参照图3，所述出光口12包括一个第一出光口121和至少两个第二出光口122，所述第一出光口121和第二出光口122上分别设有所述光纤适配器4。可以理解的是，壳体1上设置的出光口12中，除了上述第一出光口121和第二出光口122之外，还可以有其他出光口，这些其他出光口上的光纤适配器4可以用于供光信号通过，也可以为预留闲置状态，具体根据实际需要。
所述不等比分光器3包括第一入光端31、第一出光端32和第二出光端33，本实施例中的不等比分光器3的出光端的数量可以为至少两个，例如，可以为2个、3个、4个或以上。以下以包括2个出光端(即上述第一出光端32和第二出光端33)为例。
所述等比分光器2包括第二入光端21和至少2个第三出光端22，所述第三出光端22的数量与所述第二出光口122的数量相同；本实施例中的等比分光器2的出光端数量可以为至少两个。例如，等比分光器2可以为1:2、1:4、1:8、1:16分光器等。以下以1:8为例说明，即等比分光器2包括8个第三出光端22。
所述入光口11与所述第一入光端31连接；例如，第一入光端31上设有光纤连接头，且与所述入光口11上的光纤适配器4可拆卸固定连接。从而进一步提高安装效率。可以理解的是，可拆卸固定连接的含义是，光纤连接头即可以与光纤适配器4固定连接，又可以从光纤适配器4上拆卸下来，方便插拔，提高安装效率。
所述第一出光端32与所述第一出光口121上的光纤适配器4连接；例如，所述第一出光端31上设有光纤连接头，且与所述第一出光口121上的光纤适配器4可拆卸固定连接。从而进一步提高安装效率。
所述第二出光端33与所述第二入光端21连接。在一个例子中，所述第二出光端33上设有光纤连接头，所述第二入光端21上设有光纤连接头，所述壳体1内还包括用于可拆卸固定连接所述第二出光端33上的光纤连接头和所述第二入光端21上的光纤连接头的光纤适配器4。第二出光端33和第二入光端21的光纤连接头分别与光纤适配器4连接，从而进一步提高安装效率。或者，在另一个例子中，所述第二出光端33上设有光纤，所述第二入光端21上设有光纤，所述第二出光端33上的光纤与所述第二入光端21上的光纤熔接。
所述第三出光端22与所述第二出光口122上的光纤适配器4一一对应连接。如图3所示，包括8个第三出光端22以及8个第二出光口122，每个第三出光端22对应连接1个 第二出光口122。所述第三出光端22上设有光纤连接头，且与所述第二出光口122上的光纤适配器4可拆卸固定连接。从而进一步提高安装效率。可以理解的是，图3仅仅示意了1个第三出光端22和1个第二出光口122，其余第三出光端22和第二出光口122在图3中省略。
在一实施例中，所述第一出光端32的出光功率大于所述第二出光端33的出光功率。从而光信号经过不等比分光器3之后，大部分功率的光信号经由第一出光口121传输至下一节点，使得主干路上保留大部分功率的光信号，能够传输更远的距离，将光信号分配给更多更远的用户使用。小部分功率的光信号经由等比分光器2后，分配给较近的用户使用。
在另一实施例中，如图5、6、11所示，至少一个所述等比分光器2连接于所述入光口11与所述不等比分光器3的入光端之间。使得进入该壳体1内的光信号，先经由等比分光器2把光信号均分，然后再经过不等比分光器3将光信号不均匀分配后，或者继续传输至更远的距离(比如不等比分光器3输出的出光功率较大的光信号)，以分配给更多的用户使用，或者分配给附近的用户(比如不等比分光器3输出的出光功率较小的光信号)，进而满足附近较多用户的使用需求。具体连接方式可以参照上述实施例，在此不再赘述。
在另一实施例中，如图2、3、5、6、8、9、10、11所示，至少一个出光口12与至少一个所述不等比分光器3的出光端连接。从而可以使得经由不等比分光器3输出的光信号可以传输至更远的距离，进而分配给更多更远的用户使用。
在一个例子中，至少一个所述不等比分光器3的部分出光端与所述出光口12连接，且连接至所述出光口12的不等比分光器3的出光端为该不等比分光器3的各个出光端中出光功率较大的出光端；从而光信号经过不等比分光器3之后，大部分功率的光信号经由出光口12传输至下一节点，使得主干路上保留大部分功率的光信号，能够传输更远的距离，将光信号分配给更多更远的用户使用。小部分功率的光信号经由等比分光器2后，分配给较近的用户使用。
或者在另一个例子中，如图6、10、11所示，至少一个所述不等比分光器3的全部出光端分别与出光口12一一连接。从而光信号经过不等比分光器3的各个出光端之后，分别被传输至不同的节点，出光功率较大的出光端的光信号可以传输至覆盖用户数量较多的节点，出光功率较小的出光端的光信号可以传输至用户数量较小的节点。
在另一实施例中，如图5、6、11所示，至少一个所述不等比分光器3连接于所述等比分光器2的出光端与所述出光口12之间。使得进入该壳体1内的光信号，经由等比分光器2把光信号均分，然后再经过不等比分光器3将光信号不均匀分配后，或者继续传输至更远的距离(比如不等比分光器3输出的出光功率较大的光信号)，以分配给更多的用户使用，或者分配给附近的用户(比如不等比分光器3输出的出光功率较小的光信号)，进而满足附近较多用户的使用需求。具体连接方式可以参照上述实施例，在此不再赘述。
在另一实施例中，如图3、7、8、9所示，至少一个所述不等比分光器3连接于所述入光口11与所述等比分光器2的入光端之间。使得进入该壳体1内的光信号，经由不等比分光器3将光信号不均匀分配，然后再经过等比分光器2将光信号均匀分配(例如，等比分光器2可以连接至不等比分光器3的出光功率较小的出光端)后，可以满足附近用户的使用需求。等比分光器2的出光功率较多的出光端可以连接至出光口12，以使光信号继续传 输至更远的距离，以分配给更多用户使用。
在另一实施例中，如图9所示，入光口11处的光纤适配器4为双芯。
此外，在其他实施例中，分光装置的实施例如图10和11所示。
本发明实施例中，将等比分光器2与不等比分光器3结合，入光口11、等比分光器2、不等比分光器3和出光口12之间连接形成光通路，由于用户分布具有多样性，不同地区的用户分布密集度、分布区域等都有所不同，入光口11、等比分光器2、不等比分光器3和出光口12的数量和级联方式均可根据实际需要进行灵活设置，以满足实际用户分布的光纤需求。
通过在入光口11和出光口12上设置光纤适配器4，光纤适配器4可以采用预连接产品，在安装时，直接将预制光缆上的光纤连接头插接上光纤适配器4上即可完成安装，实现分光盒在安装过程中无熔接，全部即插即用，有效降低施工难度，提升施工效率。
由于预制光缆的两端在出厂时均带有光纤连接头，其长度一般是固定的，出厂后将不能改变该预制光缆的长度。由于用户的分布多样化，如果分光盒内全部采用等比分光器2，将会导致光纤覆盖区域过小。通过将光纤适配器4、不等比分光器3、等比分光器2结合，使得在实现分光盒安装过程中采用预制光缆进而无熔接，全部即插即用的前提下，还能够根据用户分布情况灵活配置各个出光口12上的出光功率，如较小出光功率的出光口可以对应覆盖较近的用户，较大出光功率的出光口出来的光缆可以继续连接至下一节点，进而覆盖更远更多数量的用户。
可以理解的是，分光装置的入光口、等比分光器、不等比分光器、出光口之间的连接方式并不局限于上述图示中的组合方式，只要分光装置内包括不等比分光器，并使得入光口和出光口通过不等比分光器形成了光通路，都属于本申请保护范围。
本申请中的分光装置可以是分光盒，也可以是分光盒的组成部件，且分光装置能够直接与分光盒连接，也可通过其它转接部件来实现连接，具体本申请不作限定。
可以理解的是，上述入光口11,出光口12，分光器(包括等比分光器和不等比分光器)的入光端和出光端等名称的定义，均是以下行光信号传输时的光传输方向定义的。可以理解的是，在上行光信号传输时，上述入光口11同样用于出光，上述出光口12同样用于入光，上述入光端同样用于出光，上述出光端同样用于入光。因此，上述入光口11,出光口12，分光器(包括等比分光器和不等比分光器)的入光端和出光端等仅仅是对名称的定义，便于阅读时将各个结构加以区分，并不用于对功能(如入光或出光)的限定。
在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详述的部分，可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统，装置和模块的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
以上对本申请所提供的技术方案进行了详细介绍，本申请中应用了具体个例对本申请的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本申请的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本申请的限制。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种分光装置，其特征在于，所述分光装置包括壳体、设置于所述壳体内部的等比分光器和不等比分光器；或者所述分光装置包括壳体和设置于所述壳体内部的不等比分光器；
    所述壳体上设有入光口和多个出光口，所述出光口上设有光纤适配器；
    所述入光口、所述等比分光器、所述不等比分光器和所述出光口之间连接，以使所述入光口与所述出光口之间经由所述等比分光器和不等比分光器形成光通路；或者，所述入光口、所述不等比分光器和所述出光口之间连接，以使所述入光口和所述出光口之间经由所述不等比分光器形成光通路；
    其中，所述入光口与所述等比分光器的入光端、所述不等比分光器的入光端中的至少一个连接，所述出光口上的光纤适配器与所述等比分光器的出光端、所述不等比分光器的出光端中的至少一个连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的分光装置，其特征在于，所述入光口上设有光纤适配器。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的分光装置，其特征在于，所述光纤适配器的位于所述壳体外的一端用于与外部光纤连接头可拆卸固定连接。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的分光装置，其特征在于，所述光纤适配器的位于所述壳体内的一端用于与内部光纤连接头可拆卸固定连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4任一项所述的分光装置，其特征在于，至少一个所述等比分光器连接于所述不等比分光器的出光端与所述出光口之间。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的分光装置，其特征在于，所述出光口包括一个第一出光口和至少两个第二出光口，所述第一出光口和第二出光口上分别设有所述光纤适配器；
    所述不等比分光器包括第一入光端、第一出光端和第二出光端；
    所述等比分光器包括第二入光端和至少2个第三出光端，所述第三出光端的数量与所述第二出光口的数量相同；
    所述入光口与所述第一入光端连接；
    所述第一出光端与所述第一出光口上的光纤适配器连接；
    所述第二出光端与所述第二入光端连接，所述第三出光端与所述第二出光口上的光纤适配器一一对应连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的分光装置，其特征在于，第一入光端上设有光纤连接头，且与所述入光口上的光纤适配器可拆卸固定连接；所述第一出光端上设有光纤连接头，且与所述第一出光口上的光纤适配器可拆卸固定连接；所述第三出光端上设有光纤连接头，且与所述第二出光口上的光纤适配器可拆卸固定连接。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的分光装置，其特征在于，所述第二出光端上设有光纤连接头，所述第二入光端上设有光纤连接头，所述壳体内还包括用于可拆卸固定连接所述第二出光端上的光纤连接头和所述第二入光端上的光纤连接头的光纤适配器；或者，所述第二出光端上设有光纤，所述第二入光端上设有光纤，所述第二出光端上的光纤与所述第二入光端上的光纤熔接。
  9. 根据权利要求6至8任一项所述的分光装置，其特征在于，所述第一出光端的出光 功率大于所述第二出光端的出光功率。
  10. 根据权利要求1至9任一项所述的分光装置，其特征在于，至少一个所述等比分光器连接于所述入光口与所述不等比分光器的入光端之间。
  11. 根据权利要求1至10任一项所述的分光装置，其特征在于，至少一个出光口与至少一个所述不等比分光器的出光端连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的分光装置，其特征在于，至少一个所述不等比分光器的部分出光端与所述出光口连接，且连接至所述出光口的不等比分光器的出光端为该不等比分光器的各个出光端中出光功率较大的出光端；或者至少一个所述不等比分光器的全部出光端分别与出光口一一连接。
  13. 根据权利要求1至12任一项所述的分光装置，其特征在于，至少一个所述不等比分光器连接于所述等比分光器的出光端与所述出光口之间。
  14. 根据权利要求1至13任一项所述的分光装置，其特征在于，至少一个所述不等比分光器连接于所述入光口与所述等比分光器的入光端之间。
  15. 根据权利要求5至9任一项所述的分光装置，其特征在于，至少一个所述等比分光器的所有出光端与所述出光口一一对应连接。
PCT/CN2018/125318 2018-12-29 2018-12-29 分光装置 WO2020133342A1 (zh)

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PCT/CN2018/125318 WO2020133342A1 (zh) 2018-12-29 2018-12-29 分光装置
ES18921286T ES2968833T3 (es) 2018-12-29 2018-12-29 Aparato divisor de luz
KR1020197038686A KR102397749B1 (ko) 2018-12-29 2018-12-29 광학 분배 장치
AU2018427247A AU2018427247B2 (en) 2018-12-29 2018-12-29 Optical splitting apparatus
CN202210918636.9A CN115437085A (zh) 2018-12-29 2018-12-29 分光装置
BR112020003397-9A BR112020003397A2 (pt) 2018-12-29 2018-12-29 aparelho de divisão ótica
CN201880005041.6A CN110998403A (zh) 2018-12-29 2018-12-29 分光装置
RU2020107251A RU2771732C2 (ru) 2018-12-29 Оптический разделитель
JP2019568008A JP7036517B2 (ja) 2018-12-29 2018-12-29 光分割装置
ARP190102166A AR115879A1 (es) 2018-12-29 2019-07-31 Aparato de división óptica
US16/706,406 US11194113B2 (en) 2018-12-29 2019-12-06 Optical splitting apparatus
ZA2019/08596A ZA201908596B (en) 2018-12-29 2019-12-23 Optical splitting apparatus
TW108147535A TWI781364B (zh) 2018-12-29 2019-12-25 分光裝置
PH12020500021A PH12020500021A1 (en) 2018-12-29 2020-01-02 Optical splitting apparatus
US17/487,776 US11714247B2 (en) 2018-12-29 2021-09-28 Optical splitting apparatus

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