WO2020124961A1 - 天线、用于调节天线水平方位角的调节装置及传动机构 - Google Patents

天线、用于调节天线水平方位角的调节装置及传动机构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020124961A1
WO2020124961A1 PCT/CN2019/090788 CN2019090788W WO2020124961A1 WO 2020124961 A1 WO2020124961 A1 WO 2020124961A1 CN 2019090788 W CN2019090788 W CN 2019090788W WO 2020124961 A1 WO2020124961 A1 WO 2020124961A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
rotating member
screw
transmission mechanism
transmission
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PCT/CN2019/090788
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨仲凯
林贤俊
游建军
肖飞
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京信通信技术(广州)有限公司
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Publication of WO2020124961A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020124961A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
    • H01Q3/04—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying one co-ordinate of the orientation
    • H01Q3/06—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying one co-ordinate of the orientation over a restricted angle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C29/00—Bearings for parts moving only linearly
    • F16C29/004—Fixing of a carriage or rail, e.g. rigid mounting to a support structure or a movable part
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/1207—Supports; Mounting means for fastening a rigid aerial element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H25/00—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms
    • F16H25/18—Gearings comprising primarily only cams, cam-followers and screw-and-nut mechanisms for conveying or interconverting oscillating or reciprocating motions
    • F16H25/20—Screw mechanisms
    • F16H2025/2062—Arrangements for driving the actuator
    • F16H2025/2075—Coaxial drive motors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of mobile communication equipment, in particular to an antenna, an adjusting device and a transmission mechanism for adjusting the horizontal azimuth angle of the antenna.
  • the accuracy of the antenna horizontal azimuth adjustment is very important to the distribution of the antenna's radiation area.
  • the adjustment of the horizontal azimuth of the antenna mainly depends on manual adjustment and judgment.
  • the error of the radiation direction of the antenna is easy to be too large, and it cannot meet the long-distance adjustment of the radiation direction of the base station antenna.
  • the later maintenance and adjustment are more labor-intensive.
  • the transmission mechanism can improve the adjustment accuracy of the horizontal azimuth angle of the antenna, and improve the accuracy of the antenna radiation direction;
  • the adjustment device uses the above transmission mechanism It can remotely adjust the radiation azimuth of the base station antenna without relying on manual labor, which is convenient for later maintenance and adjustment.
  • the antenna uses the above adjustment device to adjust the horizontal azimuth angle, which has better radiation azimuth accuracy and convenient maintenance.
  • the present application provides a transmission mechanism, including a mounting seat; and a transmission assembly, the transmission assembly includes a screw rotatably mounted on the mounting seat, a nut member that cooperates with the screw screw transmission, and a Rotating the rotating member mounted on the mounting seat, the screw can drive the nut member to move along the axis direction of the screw, and a transmission structure is provided between the nut member and the rotating member, and the nut The member can drive the rotating member to rotate through the transmission structure, and the rotating member is provided with a first connection portion that is fixedly connected to the antenna body.
  • the screw When the above transmission mechanism is applied to the adjustment of the horizontal azimuth angle of the antenna, the screw can be rotated manually or by an electric drive mechanism, and the nut member can be driven to move, and the nut member can drive the rotation member to rotate through the transmission structure, thereby driving the antenna body to rotate ,
  • the rotation angle of the nut member to drive the rotating member can be calculated by rotating the rotation angle of the screw, and then the antenna can be known Adjust the size of the angle in the horizontal direction.
  • the transmission mechanism can avoid the error of subjective judgment during manual adjustment, ensure that the construction team controls the horizontal azimuth angle of the antenna accurately during the antenna installation project, and improve the communication quality.
  • the transmission structure includes a slide rail and a slider that slidingly cooperates with the slide rail, and the movement trajectory of the slider intersects the movement trajectory of the nut member;
  • the slide rail is provided On the rotating member, the slider is provided on the nut member; or the slide rail is provided on the nut member, and the slider is provided on the rotating member.
  • the transmission structure includes a first sliding groove formed on the rotating member and a first matching member provided on the nut member, the first matching member and the first The sliding groove slidingly cooperates, and the moving trajectory of the first matching piece and the moving trajectory of the nut piece are in a staggered state; or the transmission structure includes a second sliding groove opened on the rotating piece and a The second mating member on the nut member, the second mating member slidingly cooperates with the second sliding groove, and the movement trajectory of the second fitting member and the movement trajectory of the nut member are in a staggered state.
  • the first fitting piece is cylindrical, and the first fitting piece is provided with a rotatable bearing sleeve, and the bearing sleeve and the inner wall of the first sliding groove are in frictional fit with each other.
  • the mounting base is provided with a rotatable connecting shaft, and the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating member so that the rotating member can rotate about the axis of the connecting shaft.
  • the transmission mechanism further includes a fixing bracket, and the mounting seat is fixed on the fixing bracket.
  • the fixed bracket is provided with a driven assembly
  • the driven assembly includes a driven shaft rotatably mounted on the fixed bracket, and a driven member spaced apart from the rotating member
  • the follower is fixedly connected to the follower shaft
  • the follower is provided with a second connection portion that is fixedly connected to the antenna body, and the rotation center line of the follower and the rotating member The centerline of rotation is on the same line.
  • the present application also provides an adjusting device for adjusting the horizontal azimuth of the antenna, including the above-mentioned transmission mechanism, and further including a servo motor and a controller, the output end of the servo motor and the input end of the screw Connected, the servo motor is communicatively connected to the controller.
  • the above adjustment device adjusts the antenna horizontal azimuth
  • it is connected to the servo motor through the controller, so that the controller can control the opening and closing of the servo motor and the number of rotations of the output end of the servo motor.
  • the servo motor drives the screw to rotate and drive Nut piece, the nut piece can drive the rotating piece to rotate through the transmission structure, and then rotate the antenna body to adjust the horizontal azimuth angle; in this process, because the transmission ratio of the screw to the nut piece can be selected, so can be passed
  • the rotation angle of the rotary screw can calculate the rotation angle of the nut piece driving the rotation piece, and then the number of rotations of the output end of the servo motor is controlled by the controller to calculate the adjustment of the angle of the angle antenna in the horizontal direction.
  • the radiation direction and range of the antenna are close to the ideal state, so that people can receive a good signal in all directions and improve the communication quality.
  • the adjustment device further includes a detection element for detecting the rotation angle of the turbine or the antenna body, and the detection element is in communication connection with the controller.
  • the present application also provides an antenna, which includes the above-mentioned adjustment device, and further includes an antenna body, and the antenna body is rotatably installed on the mounting base through the output shaft.
  • the antenna adopts the above adjustment device to adjust the horizontal azimuth angle, has better radiation azimuth accuracy, and is easy to maintain.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustment device in an embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic view of the structure of the adjusting device shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the adjustment device shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the transmission assembly shown in FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 5 is an exploded schematic view of the transmission assembly shown in FIG. 4.
  • Transmission mechanism 100, mounting seat, 110, connecting shaft, 102, first seat body, 104, second seat body, 106, third seat body, 200, transmission component, 210, screw, 212, input end, 220, nut piece, 222, first fitting piece, 224, bearing sleeve, 230, rotating piece, 232, first connecting part, 234, first chute, 300, fixed bracket, 400, driven component, 410, slave Moving shaft, 420, follower, 422, second connecting part, 20, antenna body, 30, servo motor.
  • an element when an element is referred to as “fixed”, “installed”, “fixed” or “installed” on another element, it can be directly on another element or there can also be a centered element .
  • an element When an element is considered to be “connected” to another element, it may be directly connected to another element or there may be a center element at the same time.
  • one component when one component is considered to be a "fixed transmission connection” another component, the two can be fixed by a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection, which can achieve power transmission, such as socket connection, snap connection , One-piece forming fixation, welding, etc., can be realized in the prior art, and will not be burdensome here.
  • first and second involved in the present invention do not represent a specific number and order, but are only used to distinguish names.
  • the transmission mechanism 10 includes a mounting base 100; and a transmission assembly 200.
  • the transmission assembly 200 includes a screw 210 rotatably mounted on the mounting base 100, a nut member 220 screw-fitted with the screw 210, and a Rotating the rotating member 230 installed on the mounting base 100, the screw rod 210 can drive the nut member 220 to move along the axis direction of the screw rod 210, and a transmission structure (not shown) is provided between the nut member 220 and the rotating member 230, and the nut member 220 passes The transmission structure can drive the rotating member 230 to rotate, and the rotating member 230 is provided with a first connection portion 232 fixedly connected to the antenna body 20.
  • the screw 210 when the above transmission mechanism 10 is applied to the adjustment of the horizontal azimuth angle of the antenna, the screw 210 can be rotated manually or by an electric drive mechanism, and the nut member 220 can be moved, and the nut member 220 can be driven through the transmission structure.
  • the rotating member 230 rotates, thereby driving the antenna body 20 to rotate to adjust the horizontal azimuth angle; in this process, since the transmission ratio of the screw 210 and the nut member 220 can be selected, the nut can be calculated by rotating the rotating angle of the screw 210
  • the rotation angle of the rotating member 230 driven by the member 220 can be used to know the adjustment of the angle of the antenna in the horizontal direction.
  • the transmission mechanism 10 can avoid the error of subjective judgment during manual adjustment, ensure that the construction team controls the horizontal azimuth angle of the antenna accurately during the antenna installation project, and improve the communication quality.
  • the electronically controlled drive mechanism or the manual rotation mechanism inputs rotary motion and torque to drive the screw 210 to rotate, because the screw 210 and the nut member 220 have a mechanical screw transmission effect; when the screw 210 rotates by a certain angle ⁇ , the nut member 220 simultaneously moves linearly for a certain time Distance L, and the linear movement distance L of the nut member 220 simultaneously drives the rotating member 230 to rotate through an angle ⁇ through the transmission structure, the antenna can rotate with the rotation of the screw 210, when the horizontal orientation of the antenna reaches the pre-selected position Complete the precise adjustment of the square position angle.
  • the electric drive mechanism may be an existing rotary power equipment such as a servo motor 30 and a rotary hydraulic cylinder.
  • the transmission structure includes a slide rail (not marked) and a slide block (not marked) slidingly matched with the slide rail.
  • the movement track of the slide block and the movement track of the nut member 220 are in a staggered state;
  • the slider is disposed on the nut member 220.
  • the principle of the slider rocker can be used to convert the linear motion of the nut member 220 into the rotary motion of the rotating member 230; at the same time, the power conversion is performed by the slide rail mechanism, which can improve the power conversion accuracy and facilitate the combination installation.
  • the screw 210 rotates, the nut member 220 is pushed to move linearly; the outer side wall of the nut member 220 can be directly or indirectly mounted with a slider, thereby driving the slider to move linearly along the length of the slide rail;
  • the movement trajectory of the slider and the movement trajectory of the nut member 220 are in a staggered state, and the slider and the slide rail slidingly cooperate, and the slide rail is fixed on the rotating member 230, and the rotating member 230 can rotate, and then the slider is in the process of moving , At the same time push the rotating member 230 to move. In this way, the rotation of the antenna can be controlled to adjust the horizontal azimuth of the antenna.
  • the transmission structure includes a slide rail and a slide block slidingly matched with the slide rail, the movement trajectory of the slide block and the movement trajectory of the nut member 220 are in a staggered state, the slide rail is provided on the nut member 220, and the slide block is provided on the rotating member 230 on.
  • the linear motion of the nut member 220 can also be converted into the rotary motion of the rotating member 230.
  • the transmission structure includes a first sliding groove 234 formed on the rotating member 230 and a first matching member 222 provided on the nut member 220, the first matching member 222 slidingly cooperates with the first sliding groove 234, and the movement trajectory of the first fitting member 222 and the movement trajectory of the nut member 220 are in a staggered state.
  • the first sliding groove 234 can be used to cooperate with the first matching member 222, and combined with the principle of the slider rocker, the linear movement of the nut member 220 can be converted into the rotational movement of the rotating member 230.
  • the screw 210 rotates, the nut member 220 is pushed to move linearly; the outer side wall of the nut member 220 may directly or indirectly the first fitting member 222, thereby driving the first slider along the length direction of the first sliding groove 234 Linear motion; at this time, since the movement trajectory of the first fitting 222 and the movement trajectory of the nut 220 are in a staggered state, and the first fitting 222 and the first sliding groove 234 press against the sliding fit, the first sliding groove 234 again
  • the rotating member 230 is opened, and the rotating member 230 can rotate, so that during the movement of the first matching member 222, the rotating member 230 is simultaneously pushed to move. In this way, the rotation of the antenna can be controlled to adjust the horizontal azimuth of the antenna.
  • the first sliding groove 234 and the first matching member 222 can limit the rotation angle of the rotating member 230, which is convenient for setting the starting point and the end point of the rotating member 230, and is conducive to the writing of the control program.
  • the transmission structure includes a second sliding groove (not shown) opened on the rotating member 230 and a second matching member (not shown) provided on the nut member 220, the second The mating member is slidingly engaged with the second sliding groove, and the moving trajectory of the second matching member and the moving trajectory of the nut member 220 are in a staggered state. In this way, the linear motion of the nut member 220 can also be converted into the rotational motion of the rotating member 230.
  • the center line of the first sliding groove 234 is perpendicular to the movement trajectory of the nut member 220, so that when the nut member 220 moves, a greater thrust can be generated to push the rotating member 230 to rotate.
  • the first mating member 222 is cylindrical, and the first mating member 222 is sleeved with a rotatable bearing sleeve 224.
  • the bearing sleeve 224 and the inner wall of the first sliding groove 234 are frictionally engaged with each other. In this way, the bearing sleeve 224 is used to realize the rolling friction fit between the first fitting 222 and the first sliding groove 234, so as to reduce wear loss and improve the reliability of the transmission mechanism 10.
  • the mounting base 100 is provided with a rotatable connecting shaft 110, and the connecting shaft 110 is fixedly connected to the rotating member 230130 so that the rotating member 230130 It can rotate around the axis of the connecting shaft 110.
  • the connecting shaft 110 can be used to realize the rotating connection of the rotating member 230130, which further improves the installation convenience of the rotating member 230130.
  • the transmission mechanism 10 further includes a fixing bracket 300, the mounting base 100 is fixed on the fixing bracket 300, and the antenna body 20 is rotatably disposed on the mounting base 100 at The bracket 300 is fixed. Furthermore, the mounting base 100 can be suspended on the fixing bracket 300, and at the same time, the antenna body 20 can also be suspended on the mounting base 100 to facilitate the adjustment of the horizontal azimuth angle.
  • the fixed bracket 300 is provided with a fixed bracket 300 with a driven assembly 400
  • the driven assembly 400 includes a driven shaft 410 rotatably mounted on the fixed bracket 300, and a driven member 420 spaced apart from the rotating member 230
  • the follower 420 is fixedly connected to the driven shaft 410
  • the follower 420 is provided with a second connection portion 422 fixedly connected to the antenna body 20.
  • the rotation centerline of the follower 420 and the rotation centerline of the rotation member 230 are at On the same line.
  • the driven assembly 400 is used to unload the weight of the antenna body 20 and the external force brought by the wind load, and the driven member 420 only bears rolling friction and a small part of torque, which can improve the reliability of the horizontal adjustment of the antenna body 20 And accuracy.
  • the mounting base 100 may be manufactured by integral molding, or may be fixedly connected by a plurality of base bodies.
  • the mounting base 100 includes a first seat body 102 for installing the screw 210 and a nut, a second seat body 104 for connecting the rotating member 230, and a third seat body fixed on the fixing bracket 300 106.
  • the first seat body 102 and the second seat body 104 are both fixed on the second seat body 104. In this way, modular assembly can be performed, which is beneficial to improve efficiency and reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the mounting base 100.
  • the adjusting device for adjusting the horizontal azimuth of the antenna includes the above-mentioned transmission mechanism 10, and further includes a servo motor 30 and a controller (not shown).
  • the output end of the servo motor 30 and the screw The input terminal 212122 of 210 is connected, and the servo motor 30 is communicatively connected with the controller.
  • the above adjusting device adjusts the antenna horizontal azimuth angle
  • it is connected to the servo motor 30 through the controller, so that the controller can control the opening and closing of the servo motor 30 and the number of rotations of the output end of the servo motor 30, and the servo motor 30 drives the screw 210 rotates and drives the nut member 220.
  • the nut member 220 can drive the rotating member 230 to rotate through the transmission structure, and then rotate the antenna body 20 to adjust the horizontal azimuth angle; in this process, due to the transmission ratio of the screw 210 to the nut member 220 It can be selected, so that the rotation angle of the screw member 210 can be used to calculate the rotation angle of the nut member 220 to drive the rotation member 230, and then the controller controls the number of rotations of the output end of the servo motor 30 to calculate the angle of the antenna in the horizontal direction Adjust the size of the upper angle. Therefore, through simple electric adjustment, the radiation direction and range of the antenna are close to the ideal state, so that people can receive a good signal in all directions and improve the communication quality. At the same time, it is convenient for the operator to adjust the radiation orientation of the base station antenna at a long distance, which is convenient for later maintenance and adjustment, so that manpower and material resources can be greatly saved.
  • the adjustment device further includes a detection element (not shown) for detecting the rotation angle of the turbine 130 or the antenna body 2020, and the detection element is communicatively connected to the controller.
  • a detection element for detecting the rotation angle of the turbine 130 or the antenna body 2020
  • the detection element is communicatively connected to the controller.
  • the specific method of the detection element can be realized by the existing technology, such as a machine vision detection element, a displacement detection element, etc., which will not be repeated here.
  • the controller may be an integrated computer, a motion control card, a PLC controller, and other control devices.
  • the control principle between it and the servo motor 30 can be implemented in the prior art, and will not be repeated here.
  • the modular design of the adjusting device can realize modular assembly; it is easy to realize standardization and automatic assembly; that is, it improves the assembly efficiency and reduces the manufacturing cost.
  • the antenna includes the above-mentioned adjustment device, and further includes an antenna body 20, which is rotatably mounted on the mounting base 100 through an output shaft.
  • the antenna adopts the above adjustment device to adjust the horizontal azimuth angle, has better radiation azimuth accuracy, and is easy to maintain.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种天线、用于调节天线水平方位角的调节装置及传动机构，该传动机构包括安装座；及传动组件，传动组件包括可转动安设于安装座上的螺杆、与螺杆螺旋传动配合的螺母件、以及可转动安设于安装座上的转动件，螺杆能够带动螺母件沿螺杆的轴线方向移动，螺母件与转动件之间设有传动结构，螺母件通过传动结构能够带动转动件转动，转动件设有第一连接部。该传动机构能够提高天线水平方位角调节精度，提高天线辐射方向精度；该调节装置采用了上述传动机构，能够在不依赖人工进行远距离调节基站天线的辐射方位，便于后期维护及调整；该天线采用了上述调节装置进行水平方位角的调节，具有更好的辐射方位精度，且维护方便。

Description

天线、用于调节天线水平方位角的调节装置及传动机构 技术领域
本发明涉移动通信设备技术领域，特别是涉及一种天线、用于调节天线水平方位角的调节装置及传动机构。
背景技术
随着移动互联网技术的迅速发展，通信电子产品越来越普及，也越来越依赖网络通信质量，希望无论在任何方位亦能确保通信的畅通。因此确保天线辐射方向准确性尤为重要，其辐射方位的准确性，很大程度上影响了人们日常生活中的通信质量。
而天线水平方位角调节的准确性对天线的辐射区域的分布甚为重要。目前，天线的水平方位角的调节主要依靠人工进行调节并判断，天线的辐射方向误差容易偏大，且无法满足远距离调节基站天线的辐射方位，后期维护及调整较为耗费人力物力。
发明内容
基于此，有必要提供一种天线、用于调节天线水平方位角的调节装置及传动机构；该传动机构能够提高天线水平方位角调节精度，提高天线辐射方向精度；该调节装置采用了上述传动机构，能够在不依赖人工进行远距离调节基站天线的辐射方位，便于后期维护及调整；该天线采用了上述调节装置进行水平方位角的调节，具有更好的辐射方位精度，且维护方便。
其技术方案如下：
一方面，本申请提供一种传动机构，包括安装座；及传动组件，所述传动组件包括可转动安设于所述安装座上的螺杆、与所述螺杆螺旋传动配合的螺母件、以及可转动安设于所述安装座上的转动件，所述螺杆能够带动所述螺母件沿所述螺杆的轴线方向移动，所述螺母件与所述转动件之间设有传动结构，所述螺母件通过所述传动结构能够带动所述转动件转动，所述转动件设有与天线 本体固定连接的第一连接部。
上述传动机构应用于天线水平方位角调节时，可以通过手动或利用电驱动机构驱动螺杆旋转，并带动螺母件移动，螺母件通过所述传动结构能够带动所述转动件转动，进而带动天线本体转动，进行水平方位角的调整；此过程中，由于螺杆与螺母件的传动比可以进行选择，如此可通过旋转螺杆的旋转角度可以计算出螺母件带动转动件转动的转动角度，进而可以知道天线在水平方位上角度的调整大小。该传动机构能够避免人工调节时主观判断的误差，确保施工队在天线的安装工程中，天线的水平方位角精确度的把控，提高通信质量。
下面进一步对技术方案进行说明：
在其中一个实施例中，所述传动结构包括滑轨及与所述滑轨滑动配合的滑块，所述滑块的移动轨迹与所述螺母件的移动轨迹呈交错状态；所述滑轨设置于所述转动件上，所述滑块设置于所述螺母件上；或所述滑轨设置于所述螺母件上，所述滑块设置于所述转动件上。
在其中一个实施例中，所述传动结构包括开设于所述转动件上的第一滑槽及与设置于所述螺母件上的第一配合件，所述第一配合件与所述第一滑槽滑动配合，且所述第一配合件的移动轨迹与所述螺母件的移动轨迹呈交错状态；或所述传动结构包括开设于所述转动件上的第二滑槽及与设置于所述螺母件上的第二配合件，所述第二配合件与所述第二滑槽滑动配合，且所述第二配合件的移动轨迹与所述螺母件的移动轨迹呈交错状态。
在其中一个实施例中，所述第一配合件呈圆柱状，且所述第一配合件套设有可转动的轴承套，所述轴承套与所述第一滑槽的内壁滚动摩擦配合。
在其中一个实施例中，所述安装座设有可自转的连接轴，所述连接轴与所述转动件固定连接，使所述转动件能够绕所述连接轴的轴线进行转动。
在其中一个实施例中，该传动机构还包括固定支架，所述安装座固定于所述固定支架上。
在其中一个实施例中，所述固定支架设有从动组件，所述从动组件包括可转动安设于所述固定支架上的从动轴、以及与所述转动件间隔设置的从动件，所述从动件与所述从动轴固定连接，且所述从动件设有与所述天线本体固定连 接的第二连接部，所述从动件的转动中心线与所述转动件的旋转中心线在同一直线上。
另一方面，本申请还提供了一种用于调节天线水平方位角的调节装置，包括上述的传动机构，还包括伺服电机及控制器，所述伺服电机的输出端与所述螺杆的输入端连接，所述伺服电机与所述控制器通信连接。
上述调节装置进行天线水平方位角调节时，通过控制器与伺服电机通信连接，如此可以通过控制器控制伺服电机的开闭及伺服电机的输出端的旋转圈数，利用伺服电机驱动螺杆旋转，并带动螺母件，螺母件通过所述传动结构能够带动所述转动件转动，进而带动天线本体转动，进行水平方位角的调整；此过程中，由于螺杆与螺母件的传动比可以进行选择，如此可通过旋转螺杆的旋转角度可以计算出螺母件带动转动件转动的转动角度，进而通过控制器控制伺服电机输出端的旋转多少圈数即可计算角度天线在水平方位上角度的调整大小。因而通过简单电调使天线的接近理想状态下的辐射方向以及范围，使人们全方位都能便于接收到良好的信号，提高通信质量。同时便于操作者进行远距离调节基站天线的辐射方位，便于后期维护及调整，如此可以大大节约人力物力。
下面进一步对技术方案进行说明：
在其中一个实施例中，该调节装置还包括用于检测所述涡轮或所述天线本体的转动角度的检测元件，所述检测元件与所述控制器通信连接。
另一方面，本申请还提供了一种天线，包括上述的调节装置，还包括天线本体，所述天线本体通过所述输出轴可转动安设于所述安装座上。
该天线采用了上述调节装置进行水平方位角的调节，具有更好的辐射方位精度，且维护方便。
附图说明
图1为一实施例中的调节装置的结构示意图；
图2为图1所示的调节装置的结构爆炸示意图；
图3为图1所示的调节装置的局部放大示意图；
图4为图2所示的传动组件的结构示意图；
图5为图4所示的传动组件的爆炸示意图。
附图标记说明：
10、传动机构，100、安装座，110、连接轴，102、第一座体，104、第二座体，106、第三座体，200、传动组件，210、螺杆，212、输入端，220、螺母件，222、第一配合件，224、轴承套，230、转动件，232、第一连接部，234、第一滑槽，300、固定支架，400、从动组件，410、从动轴，420、从动件，422、第二连接部，20、天线本体，30、伺服电机。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及具体实施方式，对本发明进行进一步的详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用以解释本发明，并不限定本发明的保护范围。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”、“设置于”、“固设于”或“安设于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。进一步地，当一个元件被认为是“固定传动连接”另一个元件，二者可以是可拆卸连接方式的固定，也可以不可拆卸连接的固定，能够实现动力传递即可，如套接、卡接、一体成型固定、焊接等，在现有技术中可以实现，在此不再累赘。当元件与另一个元件相互垂直或近似垂直是指二者的理想状态是垂直，但是因制造及装配的影响，可以存在一定的垂直误差。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的，并不表示是唯一的实施方式。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施方式的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
本发明中涉及的“第一”、“第二”不代表具体的数量及顺序，仅仅是用于名称的区分。
如图3所示，该传动机构10包括安装座100；及传动组件200，传动组件200包括可转动安设于安装座100上的螺杆210、与螺杆210螺旋传动配合的螺母件220、以及可转动安设于安装座100上的转动件230，螺杆210能够带动螺母件220沿螺杆210的轴线方向移动，螺母件220与转动件230之间设有传动结构(未标示)，螺母件220通过传动结构能够带动转动件230转动，转动件230设有与天线本体20固定连接的第一连接部232。
如图1至图3所示，上述传动机构10应用于天线水平方位角调节时，可以通过手动或利用电驱动机构驱动螺杆210旋转，并带动螺母件220移动，螺母件220通过传动结构能够带动转动件230转动，进而带动天线本体20转动，进行水平方位角的调整；此过程中，由于螺杆210与螺母件220的传动比可以进行选择，如此可通过旋转螺杆210的旋转角度可以计算出螺母件220带动转动件230转动的转动角度，进而可以知道天线在水平方位上角度的调整大小。该传动机构10能够避免人工调节时主观判断的误差，确保施工队在天线的安装工程中，天线的水平方位角精确度的把控，提高通信质量。
具体地，电控驱动机构或者手动旋转机构输入旋转运动和扭矩驱动螺杆210旋转，由于螺杆210和螺母件220具有机械螺旋传动作用；当螺杆210旋转一定角度γ时，螺母件220同时直线运动一定的距离L，并且螺母件220的直线运动距离L同时通过传动结构带动转动件230旋转过一个角度ω，天线即可随着螺杆210的旋转而转动，当天线水平方位达到预选的位置的即可完成平方位角精确调节。
该电驱动机构可为伺服电机30、旋转液压缸等现有的旋转动力设备。
在上述实施例的基础上，传动结构包括滑轨(未标示)及与滑轨滑动配合的滑块(未标示)，滑块的移动轨迹与螺母件220的移动轨迹呈交错状态；滑轨设置于转动件230上，滑块设置于螺母件220上。如此可以利用滑块摇杆原理，将螺母件220直线运动转换成转动件230旋转运动；同时利用滑轨机构进行动力的转换，能够提高动力转换精度、且便于进行组合安装。
具体地，当螺杆210旋转时，推动螺母件220直线运动；其中螺母件220的外侧壁可以直接或间接的安装滑块，从而带动滑块沿滑轨的长度方向做直线 运动；此时，由于滑块的移动轨迹与螺母件220的移动轨迹呈交错状态，而滑块与滑轨滑动配合，滑轨又固定于转动件230上，且转动件230能够转动，进而滑块在移动的过程中，同时推动转动件230进行运动。通过这种方式可以控制天线的旋转，从而达到调整天线的水平方位角。
等同地，传动结构包括滑轨及与滑轨滑动配合的滑块，滑块的移动轨迹与螺母件220的移动轨迹呈交错状态，滑轨设置于螺母件220上，滑块设置于转动件230上。如此亦能将螺母件220的直线运动转换成转动件230的旋转运动，具体运动过程可参考上一实施例的描述，在此不再赘述。
如图3至图5所示，具体到本实施例中，传动结构包括开设于转动件230上的第一滑槽234及与设置于螺母件220上的第一配合件222，第一配合件222与第一滑槽234滑动配合，且第一配合件222的移动轨迹与螺母件220的移动轨迹呈交错状态。如此可以利用第一滑槽234与第一配合件222配合，结合滑块摇杆原理，将螺母件220直线运动转换成转动件230旋转运动。
具体地，当螺杆210旋转时，推动螺母件220直线运动；其中螺母件220的外侧壁可以直接或间接的第一配合件222，从而带动第一滑块沿第一滑槽234的长度方向做直线运动；此时，由于第一配合件222的移动轨迹与螺母件220的移动轨迹呈交错状态，而第一配合件222与第一滑槽234抵压滑动配合，该第一滑槽234又开设转动件230上，且转动件230能够转动，进而第一配合件222在移动的过程中，同时推动转动件230进行运动。通过这种方式可以控制天线的旋转，从而达到调整天线的水平方位角。同时第一滑槽234与第一配合件222能够限制转动件230的转动角度，便于设定转动件230转动起点及终点，有利于控制程序的编写。
等同地，在另一个实施例中，传动结构包括开设于转动件230上的第二滑槽(未示出)及与设置于螺母件220上的第二配合件(未示出)，第二配合件与第二滑槽滑动配合，且第二配合件的移动轨迹与螺母件220的移动轨迹呈交错状态。如此亦能将螺母件220的直线运动转换成转动件230的旋转运动。
在本具体实施例中，该第一滑槽234的中心线垂直于螺母件220的移动轨迹，进而在螺母件220进行移动时，可以产生更大的推力，推动转动件230转 动。
如图5所示，进一步地，第一配合件222呈圆柱状，且第一配合件222套设有可转动的轴承套224，轴承套224与第一滑槽234的内壁滚动摩擦配合。如此利用轴承套224实现第一配合件222与第一滑槽234的滚动摩擦配合，降低磨损损耗，提高本传动机构10的可靠性。
如图2所示，在上述任一实施例的基础上，所述安装座100设有可自转的连接轴110，所述连接轴110与所述转动件230130固定连接，使所述转动件230130能够绕所述连接轴110的轴线进行转动。如此可以利用连接轴110实现转动件230130的转动连接，进一步提高转动件230130安装地便利性。
如图1及图2所示，在上述任一实施例的基础上，该传动机构10还包括固定支架300，安装座100固定于固定支架300上，天线本体20通过安装座100可转动设置于固定支架300上。进而可以将安装座100悬空设置于固定支架300上，同时天线本体20通过安装座100也悬空设置，便于水平方位角的调整。
进一步地，固定支架300设有固定支架300设有从动组件400，从动组件400包括可转动安设于固定支架300上的从动轴410、以及与转动件230间隔设置的从动件420，从动件420与从动轴410固定连接，且从动件420设有与天线本体20固定连接的第二连接部422，从动件420的转动中心线与转动件230的旋转中心线在同一直线上。如此利用从动组件400来卸荷天线本体20的重量和风载带来的外力，而从动件420只承受滚动摩擦力和一小部分的扭矩，可以提高天线本体20的水平方位调节的可靠性及准确性。
该安装座100可以一体成型制造而成，也可以通过多个座体固定连接而成。本具体实施例中，该安装座100包括用于安装螺杆210及螺母的第一座体102，用于连接转动件230的第二座体104、以及固定于固定支架300上的第三座体106，第一座体102及第二座体104均固定于第二座体104上。如此可以进行模块化组装，有利于提高效率及降低安装座100的制造难度。
如图1及图2所示，该用于调节天线水平方位角的调节装置，包括上述的传动机构10，还包括伺服电机30及控制器(未示出)，伺服电机30的输出端与螺杆210的输入端212122连接，伺服电机30与控制器通信连接。
上述调节装置进行天线水平方位角调节时，通过控制器与伺服电机30通信连接，如此可以通过控制器控制伺服电机30的开闭及伺服电机30的输出端的旋转圈数，利用伺服电机30驱动螺杆210旋转，并带动螺母件220，螺母件220通过传动结构能够带动转动件230转动，进而带动天线本体20转动，进行水平方位角的调整；此过程中，由于螺杆210与螺母件220的传动比可以进行选择，如此可通过旋转螺杆210的旋转角度可以计算出螺母件220带动转动件230转动的转动角度，进而通过控制器控制伺服电机30输出端的旋转多少圈数即可计算角度天线在水平方位上角度的调整大小。因而通过简单电调使天线的接近理想状态下的辐射方向以及范围，使人们全方位都能便于接收到良好的信号，提高通信质量。同时便于操作者进行远距离调节基站天线的辐射方位，便于后期维护及调整，如此可以大大节约人力物力。
在上述实施例的基础上，该调节装置还包括用于检测涡轮130或天线本体2020的转动角度的检测元件(未示出)，检测元件与控制器通信连接。如此便于通过检测元件了解螺母件220或天线本体20的位置，便于及时调整螺母件220的位置。该检测元件的具体方式可以通过现有技术实现，如机器视觉检测元件、位移检测元件等，在此不再赘述。
该控制器可为集成电脑、运动控制卡、PLC控制器等控制设备，其与伺服电机30的控制原理在现有技术中可以实现，在此不再赘述。
该调节装置模块设计，即可以实现模块化装配；容易实现标准化、自动化装配；即提高了提高装配效率，降低制造成本。
在另一实施例中，该天线，包括上述的调节装置，还包括天线本体20，天线本体20通过输出轴可转动安设于安装座100上。
该天线采用了上述调节装置进行水平方位角的调节，具有更好的辐射方位精度，且维护方便。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细， 但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种传动机构，其特征在于，包括:
    安装座；及
    传动组件，所述传动组件包括可转动安设于所述安装座上的螺杆、与所述螺杆螺旋传动配合的螺母件、以及可转动安设于所述安装座上的转动件，所述螺杆能够带动所述螺母件沿所述螺杆的轴线方向移动，所述螺母件与所述转动件之间设有传动结构，所述螺母件通过所述传动结构能够带动所述转动件转动，所述转动件设有与天线本体固定连接的第一连接部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的传动机构，其特征在于，所述传动结构包括滑轨及与所述滑轨滑动配合的滑块，所述滑块的移动轨迹与所述螺母件的移动轨迹呈交错状态；所述滑轨设置于所述转动件上，所述滑块设置于所述螺母件上；或所述滑轨设置于所述螺母件上，所述滑块设置于所述转动件上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的传动机构，其特征在于，所述传动结构包括开设于所述转动件上的第一滑槽及与设置于所述螺母件上的第一配合件，所述第一配合件与所述第一滑槽滑动配合，且所述第一配合件的移动轨迹与所述螺母件的移动轨迹呈交错状态；或所述传动结构包括开设于所述转动件上的第二滑槽及与设置于所述螺母件上的第二配合件，所述第二配合件与所述第二滑槽滑动配合，且所述第二配合件的移动轨迹与所述螺母件的移动轨迹呈交错状态。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的传动机构，其特征在于，所述第一配合件呈圆柱状，且所述第一配合件套设有可转动的轴承套，所述轴承套与所述第一滑槽的内壁滚动摩擦配合。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的传动机构，其特征在于，所述安装座设有可自转的连接轴，所述连接轴与所述转动件固定连接，使所述转动件能够绕所述连接轴的轴线进行转动。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的传动机构，其特征在于，还包括固定支架，所述安装座固定于所述固定支架上。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的传动机构，其特征在于，所述固定支架设有从动组件，所述从动组件包括可转动安设于所述固定支架上的从动轴、以及与所述 转动件间隔设置的从动件，所述从动件与所述从动轴固定连接，且所述从动件设有与所述天线本体固定连接的第二连接部，所述从动件的转动中心线与所述转动件的旋转中心线在同一直线上。
  8. 一种用于调节天线水平方位角的调节装置，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至7任一项所述的传动机构，还包括伺服电机及控制器，所述伺服电机的输出端与所述螺杆的输入端连接，所述伺服电机与所述控制器通信连接。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的调节装置，其特征在于，还包括用于检测所述转动件或所述天线本体的转动角度的检测元件，所述检测元件与所述控制器通信连接。
  10. 一种天线，其特征在于，包括如权利要求8或9所述的调节装置，还包括天线本体，所述天线本体通过所述从动件可转动安设于所述安装座上。
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