WO2020118465A1 - Polipéptido con actividad xilanasa, secuencia nucleotídica que lo codifica, ingrediente y proceso que comprende dicho ingrediente para la preparación de un producto alimenticio - Google Patents
Polipéptido con actividad xilanasa, secuencia nucleotídica que lo codifica, ingrediente y proceso que comprende dicho ingrediente para la preparación de un producto alimenticio Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020118465A1 WO2020118465A1 PCT/CL2019/050138 CL2019050138W WO2020118465A1 WO 2020118465 A1 WO2020118465 A1 WO 2020118465A1 CL 2019050138 W CL2019050138 W CL 2019050138W WO 2020118465 A1 WO2020118465 A1 WO 2020118465A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
- A21D—TREATMENT, e.g. PRESERVATION, OF FLOUR OR DOUGH, e.g. BY ADDITION OF MATERIALS; BAKING; BAKERY PRODUCTS; PRESERVATION THEREOF
- A21D8/00—Methods for preparing or baking dough
- A21D8/02—Methods for preparing dough; Treating dough prior to baking
- A21D8/04—Methods for preparing dough; Treating dough prior to baking treating dough with microorganisms or enzymes
- A21D8/042—Methods for preparing dough; Treating dough prior to baking treating dough with microorganisms or enzymes with enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A21—BAKING; EDIBLE DOUGHS
- A21D—TREATMENT, e.g. PRESERVATION, OF FLOUR OR DOUGH, e.g. BY ADDITION OF MATERIALS; BAKING; BAKERY PRODUCTS; PRESERVATION THEREOF
- A21D13/00—Finished or partly finished bakery products
- A21D13/06—Products with modified nutritive value, e.g. with modified starch content
- A21D13/062—Products with modified nutritive value, e.g. with modified starch content with modified sugar content; Sugar-free products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/37—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from fungi
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/24—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2)
- C12N9/2402—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) hydrolysing O- and S- glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
- C12N9/2477—Hemicellulases not provided in a preceding group
- C12N9/248—Xylanases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/24—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2)
- C12N9/2402—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) hydrolysing O- and S- glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
- C12N9/2477—Hemicellulases not provided in a preceding group
- C12N9/248—Xylanases
- C12N9/2482—Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase (3.2.1.8)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y302/00—Hydrolases acting on glycosyl compounds, i.e. glycosylases (3.2)
- C12Y302/01—Glycosidases, i.e. enzymes hydrolysing O- and S-glycosyl compounds (3.2.1)
- C12Y302/01008—Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase (3.2.1.8)
Definitions
- the present invention is related to the technical field of biotechnology, particularly with a new polypeptide with xylanase activity, the nucleotide sequence that encodes it, an ingredient that contains said polypeptide, and a process for the preparation of a food product that comprises adding said ingredient to the preparation.
- Xylanases are a class of enzymes that degrade linear xylan polysaccharides into xylose by catalyzing the hydrolysis of the b- (1, 4) glycosidic bond.
- bh ⁇ o-b- (1, 4) -D-xylanases commonly called endoxylanases
- endoxylanases that catalyze the hydrolysis of the internal glycosidic bond b- (1, 4) of the xylan chain of xyloses, generating low molecular weight xylooligosaccharides (XOS) with or without branches
- GH glycoside hydrolase
- endoxylanases are classified in the GH10 and GH1 families 1.
- the GH10 family xylanases are approximately 35kDa in size, and are capable of hydrolyzing glycosidic bonds near branch points and towards the non-reducing end, while GH1 family xylanases are not capable of hydrolyzing said glycosidic bonds and they have a size of approximately 20kDa (Cooper Bribiesca, BL Bacterial xylanolytic enzymes and their industrial applications. VERTIENTES Specialized Journal of Health Sciences. 2013. Vol. 16 (1): 19-22).
- Endoxylanases are of great interest in the food industry. For example, they are widely used in the wine industry, in the manufacture of beer, in the clarification process of fruit juice, in the extraction of starch, coffee and vegetable oils, improvement of nutritional properties of silages and grains, and in processes of the baking industry. In particular for this last mentioned industry, endoxylanases allow to improve a series of characteristics in bakery products, such as the properties of the dough and the volume of the bread. When these enzymes are added during kneading, the viscoelastic characteristics of the dough are modified, the absorption of water, the development time of the dough and its stability decrease.
- bread and derived products have better characteristics such as crumb volume, firmness and structure (Elgharbi, F., Hmida-Sayari, A., Zaafouri, Y., & Bejar, S. Expression of an Aspergillus niger xylanase in yeast: Application in breadmaking and in vitro digestion. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 2015. Vol. 79: 103-109).
- patent document US 2015/0291945 A1 refers to an endo-1, 4-xylanase from the fungus Macrophomina phaseolina in which it teaches a series of nucleotide sequences that encode said enzyme. He mentions that these enzymes can be used in the food industry, for the manufacture of animal feed, in the production of pulp and paper, and in the cleaning agent industry, however, he does not show concrete examples of the improvement in their capacity. hydrolytic.
- US patent document 9,732,366 B2 discloses a high temperature thermostable GH10 family xylanase having a catalytic domain containing (A) a polypeptide including a particular amino acid sequence, and (B) a polypeptide including a amino acid sequence in which at least one amino acid has been removed, substituted or added in said particular sequence, or (C) an amino acid sequence having at least 80% or more sequence identity with said particular sequence.
- the advantage of xylanase disclosed in US 9,732,366 B2 is that it has activity under conditions of 85 Q C, and pH 6.0, however, it does not mention or exemplify advantages of said enzyme for the food production industry.
- Patent document US 2016/0345609 A1 refers to a modified GH10 family xylanase or a fragment thereof with xylanase activity, where said mutant has greater thermostability at high temperatures compared to the native enzyme. The modifications correspond to point mutations in certain positions of the amino acid sequence, which give them stability at temperatures close to 75 Q C.
- patent document WO 2015/1 141 10 A1 discloses synthetic xylanases belonging to the GH10 family. that solubilize insoluble arabinoxylans, particularly from substrates such as corn, wheat, DDGS, etc. This document also focuses on obtaining thermostable xylanases at high temperatures, demonstrating that it is still active in temperature ranges between 61 -71 Q C.
- thermostability of xylanase at very high temperatures can be considered as an advantageous characteristic in certain chemical processes, it is completely irrelevant for food production processes and in particular for baking, whose fermentation process is carried out at a Approximate temperature of 30 Q C. In this sense, it is more relevant to obtain xylanases whose maximum activity is in a temperature range close to those 30 Q C and which also provide specific advantages for food manufacturing processes.
- a first object of the present invention is a polypeptide for preparing a food product, which has xylanase activity and comprises an amino acid sequence which is selected from the group consisting of: the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 1; and an amino acid sequence that is at least 80% similar to the sequence of SEQ ID No. 1 and that maintains its xylanase activity.
- Said polypeptide is encoded by a nucleotide sequence that is selected from the group consisting of: the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID No. 3; and a nucleotide sequence having at least 80% identity with the sequence of SEQ ID No. 3.
- a second object of the present invention is a nucleotide sequence encoding a polypeptide having xylanase activity to prepare a food product, wherein said sequence is selected from the group consisting of: the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID No. 3; and a nucleotide sequence having at least 80% identity with the sequence of SEQ ID No. 3.
- a third object of the present invention is an ingredient for preparing a food product containing a polypeptide having xylanase activity, the amino acid sequence of which is selected from the group consisting of: the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 1; and an amino acid sequence that is at least 80% similar to the sequence of SEQ ID No. 1 and that maintains its xylanase activity.
- a fourth object of the present invention is a process for preparing a food product, comprising the steps of: providing an ingredient containing a polypeptide having xylanase activity whose amino acid sequence is selected from the group consisting of:
- the flour that is used in the process to prepare a food product is selected from the group consisting of wheat flour, cassava flour, flour of barley, rice flour, rye flour, corn flour, quinoa flour, and buckwheat flour.
- the liquid that is used to prepare a food product is selected from the group consisting of water, aqueous saline solutions, milk and infusions.
- the food product obtained from the process described in the present invention is bread.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic of the three-dimensional structure of the native enzyme with xylanase activity (XynA) derived from a strain of Cladosporium sp.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic of the three-dimensional structure of the modified enzyme with xylanase activity (XynAA29N) of SEQ ID No. 1.
- FIG. 3 shows a polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under denaturating conditions of the purified recombinant enzymes.
- the protein migration profile is shown along with the standard.
- B Lane 1. PageRuler TM Prestained Protein Ladder 10-180 kDA (Thermo Scientific TM) with their molecular masses (on the left).
- FIG. 4 shows a graph with the results on the effect of pH on the activity of enzymes.
- XynA dotted line
- XynAA29N solid line
- FIG. 5 shows a graph with the results on the specific activity profile of XynA (dotted line) and XynAA29N (solid line) at different temperatures. The tests were carried out in triplicate. The bars corresponding to the standard deviation were very small, so they cannot be seen in the figure.
- FIG. 6 shows a graph with the results of XynA thermal stability kinetics. The enzyme was pre-incubated at temperatures between 5 and 40 ° C. The residual enzyme activity was then measured. Enzymatic activity was expressed as a percentage, 100% being the reaction at time 0 (without pre-incubation). The measurements were made in triplicate and the bars correspond to the standard deviation.
- FIG. 7 shows a graph with the results of the thermal stability determination of XynAA29N.
- the enzyme was pre-incubated at temperatures between 5 and 70 ° C. The residual enzyme activity was then measured. The enzymatic activity was expressed as a percentage, with the reaction being 100% at time 0 (without pre-incubation). The measurements were made in triplicate and the bars correspond to the standard deviation.
- FIG. 8 shows a graph with the activity of the enzymes on different substrates.
- the bars correspond to XynA (black color) and XynAA29N (gray color). The measurements were made in triplicate and the bars correspond to the standard deviation.
- FIG. 9 shows the result of a thin layer chromatography of the hydrolysis products obtained by the action of XynA on xylan.
- Lanes 1 and 4 standard, xylooligosaccharide mixture (X1: xylose, X2: xylobiose, X3: xylotriose and X4: xylotetraose); lane 2, rye arabinoxylan; lane 3, rye arabinoxylan plus XynA; lane 5, wheat arabinoxylan; lane 6, wheat arabinoxylan plus XynA; lane 7, oat arabinoxylan; lane 8, arabinoxylan oats plus XynA; lane 9, beech xylan; lane 10, beech xylan plus XynA; lane 1 1, birch xylan and lane 12, birch xylan plus XynA. Incubation conditions were for 20 min at 50 Q C.
- FIG. 10 shows the result of a thin layer chromatography of the xylan hydrolysis products by XynAA29N.
- Lanes 1 and 4 standard, xylooligosaccharide mixture (X1: xylose, X2: xylobiose, X3: xylotriose and X4: xylotetraose); lane 2, rye arabinoxylan; lane 3, rye arabinoxylan plus XynA; lane 5, wheat arabinoxylan; lane 6, wheat arabinoxylan plus XynA; lane 7, oat xylan; lane 8, oat xylan plus XynA; lane 9, beech xylan; lane 10, beech xylan plus XynA; lane 1 1, birch xylan; lane 12, birch xylan more XynA.
- the incubation conditions were for 20 min at 50 Q C. In the black
- FIG. 1 1 shows the result of a thin layer chromatography of the hydrolysis products using xylooligosaccharides as substrate.
- Lane 1 xylobiose; lane 2, xylobiose plus XynA; lane 3, xylobiose plus XynAA29N; lane 4, xilotriose; lane 5, xilotriose plus XynA; lane 6, xilotriose plus XynAA29N; lane 7, xylotetraose; lane 8, xylotetraose plus XynA; lane 9, xylotetraose plus XynAA29N; lane 10, mixture of xylooligosaccharides (X1: xylose, X2: xylobiose, X3: xylotriose and X4: xylotetraose). Incubation conditions were for 20 min
- FIG. 12 shows photographs of elaborate breads.
- A Bread without enzyme.
- B Bread made with commercial enzyme
- C Bread made with addition of XynA.
- D Bread made with the addition of XynAA29N.
- the present invention relates to a new polypeptide with xylanase activity, specifically suitable for improving products derived from the food industry, preferably for the bakery industry.
- This new polypeptide By adding this new polypeptide to the mixtures to generate food products derived from the bakery industry, it allows them to have a better elasticity and less toughness, and to obtain a higher volume final product, compared to polypeptides with xylanase activity currently available on the market. .
- nucleotide sequence or “nucleotide sequence” should be understood as meaning a double strand of DNA, or a single strand of DNA, natural or synthetic, or products of the transcription of said DNA (for example, RNA molecules) . It should be understood that the present invention does not relate to genomic nucleotide sequences in their natural state, but rather refers to sequences of nucleotides in an isolated, or purified, or partially purified, or recombinant state, obtained by any genetic engineering method known in the state of the art.
- amino acid sequence or "polypeptide” is to be understood as meaning a natural or synthetic amino acid sequence, or RNA translation products. When these polypeptides have a stable and three-dimensional structure, they are called proteins. It should be understood that the present invention does not relate to amino acid sequences in their natural state, but rather refers to amino acid sequences or polypeptides in an isolated, or purified, or partially purified, or recombinant state, obtained by any engineering method genetics known in the state of the art.
- enzyme should be understood as a polypeptide that acts as a biological catalyst that accelerates chemical reactions that would otherwise occur but at very low speeds. Enzymes convert substrates into different molecules called products. These enzymes have specific affinities to their substrates according to their three-dimensional structure. The biological activity of these molecules is sensitive to the conditions of the medium, such as pH and temperature, or even other molecules that can increase or inhibit their activity.
- xylanase activity should be understood as the enzymatic activity that a polypeptide that produces the xylan hydrolysis performs, when this molecule is the substrate.
- recombinant is understood to mean any nucleotide (DNA, RNA) or amino acid sequence modified by any genetic engineering method known in the state of the art, which results in a new nucleotide or amino acid sequence different from the one it is found in nature.
- identity between nucleotide sequences is to be understood as the percentage of identical nucleotides that the compared sequences share with each other, in a particular window of comparison.
- the percent identity can be calculated using a sequence comparison algorithm or by manual alignment and visual inspection.
- identity sequences and percentages can be obtained using computing resources available at Internet such as the BLAST computer program (http://blast.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) or the FastDB computer program.
- Sequence identity can also be determined by hybridization assays thereof. The greater the degrees of hybridization stringency used in the assay, the greater the complementarity of the sequences required for them to hybridize. High astringency conditions are described by Sambrook et al.
- amino acids of conserved coincidence correspond to those amino acids that belong to the same classification according to their physicochemical characteristics of their side chain (R), and that can be amino acids with polar R groups but not charged (Ser, Thr, Asn, Gln) , with positively charged R groups (Lys, Arg, His), negatively charged R groups (Glu, Asp), hydrophobic R groups (Ala, lie, Leu, Met, Phe, Trp, Val, Tyr), or special amino acids (Cys , Gly, Pro).
- R side chain
- a first object of the present application corresponds to a modified polypeptide or enzyme with xylanase activity, the amino acid sequence of which is shown in SEQ ID No. 1.
- This corresponds to an amino acid sequence modified from a native enzyme with xylanase activity (SEQ ID No. 2, GenBank access code MG007677), which was isolated from the fungus Cladosporium sp., Obtained from Antarctic marine sponges (Henr ⁇ quez M , etal. Diversity of cultivable fung ⁇ associated with Antarctic marine sponges and screening for their antimicrobial, antitumoral and antioxidant potential. World J Microbio! Biotechnol. 2014. Vol. 30 (1): 65-76).
- the modification of the native enzyme was carried out using genetic engineering techniques known in the state of the art. To this enzyme, 29 amino acid residues were removed from the N-terminus (amino terminus), which gives a surprising advantage to the enzyme with xylanase activity claimed in the present invention compared to the native enzyme, significantly improving its activity on various substrates, at different temperatures and pHs.
- the xylanase-modified polypeptide of the present invention has a specific activity over a wide pH range, its activity being stable and optimal between pH 5 to 8.
- the polypeptide of the present invention has a specific activity in a optimum temperature range for processes in the food industry, in a range between 30 and 50 Q C.
- the enzyme maintains a stable maximum activity, unlike other enzymes described in the state of the art which usually have a maximum peak of activity at a particular temperature and then decay rapidly at temperatures close to that maximum, so the temperature range is limited.
- This maximum activity in this temperature range is particularly desired for baking processes, the enzyme being active during the kneading stage until the beginning of the cooking stage.
- any xylanase enzyme that has 29 + 10 amino acids removed from its amino terminus is within the scope of the present invention, without that approximate value being a limitation of the scope of the present invention.
- the xylanase-active polypeptide is capable of degrading the b- (1,4) -xilane polysaccharides into xylose.
- Said polypeptide preferably has an endo- - (1, 4) -D-xylanase activity, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of the internal glycosidic bond b- (1, 4) of the xylan chain of xyloses.
- the present enzyme with xylanase activity can hydrolyze other substrates such as, xylooligosaccharides (xylotriose, xylotetraose), p-nitrophenyl bd-xylopyranoside (pNPX), p-nitrophenyl bD-glucopyranoside (pNPG), p-nitrophenyl-a-l-a , p-nitrophenyl-aL-arabinopyranoside, p-nitrophenyl ⁇ -L-arabinopyranoside, p-nitrophenyl-b- D-mannopyranoside, p-nitrophenyl-aD-galactopyranoside, p-nitrophenyl ⁇ -D- galactopyranoside, glucans composed of b-1, 3, b-1, 4 and b-1, 6 linkages, oligosaccharides composed of b-1, 4 and b-1, 6 link
- any amino acid sequence of the new polypeptide with xylanase activity that contains at least 80% similarity with the sequence described in SEQ ID No. 1, preferably 90% similarity, is also within the scope of the present invention. More preferably 95% similarity, provided that any of the variants maintain their advantageous xylanase activity.
- Any person with knowledge of the state of the art will recognize that certain amino acids share their physicochemical characteristics depending on their side chain, so the modification of some or some of the amino acids of SEQ ID No. 1 will be irrelevant and will not change the activity. biological of said enzyme, therefore said variants are also the object of the present invention.
- the polypeptide of the present invention can be obtained by any biotechnological technique known in the state of the art for this purpose.
- the present polypeptide can be obtained by recombinant DNA techniques, expressing a polynucleotide that encodes said polypeptide in a suitable expression vector, which is introduced into an appropriate organism for the production of said polypeptide.
- the production of the polypeptide can be carried out in bioreactors to obtain it on a large scale.
- a second object of the present invention is a nucleotide sequence encoding the xylanase-active polypeptide previously described, and shown in SEQ ID No. 3.
- This nucleotide sequence was modified from the nucleotide sequence encoding the native polypeptide with xylanase activity (SEQ ID No. 4, GenBank access code MG007677), which was isolated from the fungus Cladosporium sp., obtained from Antarctic marine sponges (Henr ⁇ quez M, et al. Diversity of cultivable fungi associated with Antarctic marine sponges and screening for their antimicrobial, antitumoral and antioxidant potential. World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2014. Vol. 30 (1): 65-76).
- nucleotide sequence encoding a xylanase-active polypeptide having, for example, 29 + 5 amino acids removed from its amino-terminal end is within the scope of the present invention, without that approximate value limiting the scope of the present invention.
- the present invention also considers any variant of said nucleotide sequence that contains at least 80% identity with the sequence described in SEQ ID No. 3, preferably 90% identity, more preferably 95% identity, as long as any of the variants maintain the ability to encode a polypeptide that maintains its xylanase activity.
- any person with knowledge of the state of the art will recognize that the genetic code is degenerate, and as such the nucleotide sequence can have different codons that encode the same amino acid. Consequently, certain changes in the nucleotide sequence SEQ ID No. 3 may be irrelevant and will not change the biological activity of the enzyme that is encoded by said sequence.
- a third object of the present invention is an ingredient for preparing a food product containing the polypeptide having xylanase activity, the amino acid sequence of which is selected from the group consisting of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID No. 1; and an amino acid sequence that is at least 80% similar to the sequence of SEQ ID No. 1 and that maintains its xylanase activity.
- Said ingredient that contains the polypeptide is useful to improve the organoleptic characteristics of the final food products and / or improve the characteristics of these during their manufacturing process.
- the present enzyme when added during the baking process, it allows the dough to have a greater elasticity, less tenacity, greater formation of the gluten network is observed with less water, less kneading time, and greater volume of the Final product.
- the present enzyme can also be used in the beverage production industry to improve the properties of juices, wines and beers.
- the xylanase of the present invention allows increase the yield of obtaining fruit juices when added to the manufacturing process during the maceration process of said fruits.
- the present enzyme improves the clarity of juices, wines and beers, and reduces turbidity, highly desired characteristics in these products.
- composition of this ingredient in addition to the xylanase-active polypeptide, may optionally contain excipients suitable for subsequent use in the food industry.
- excipients can be stabilizers (eg salts, inert proteins, carbohydrates), preservatives, solvents, diluents, coated, among others, that allow the stability of the polypeptide to be maintained over time, increase its half-life on the market, avoid its agglomeration, etc.
- the ingredient can be in a liquid or solid formulation. It can be formulated as a solution with the polypeptide in suspension, or in powder, for example, lyophilized.
- a fourth object of the present invention is a process for preparing a food product, comprising the steps of: providing an ingredient containing a polypeptide having xylanase activity whose amino acid sequence is selected from the group consisting of:
- the flour used in the process to prepare a food product is any fine powder obtained from cereals or ground grains or other starch-rich foods.
- the flour used can be wheat flour, cassava flour, barley flour, rice flour, rye flour, corn flour, quinoa flour and buckwheat flour.
- the liquid that is used to prepare a food product is selected from the group consisting of water, saline solutions, milk and infusions, but any other liquid approved for human consumption can also be used.
- Other appropriate ingredients such as vegetable or animal fat (oils, butters, margarines, butters, etc.), flavorings (salts, sugars, spices, etc.), yeast, baking powder (mixed citric or tartaric acid) can optionally be added with sodium carbonate or bicarbonate), sodium bicarbonate, grains and seeds (flaxseed, chia, poppy seeds, pumpkin seeds, oats, sesame, etc.), nuts (almonds, walnuts, peanuts, raisins, etc.) , fresh or dehydrated fruits and vegetables, eggs and other proteins, among others.
- the kneading of the mixture can be done manually or mechanically, with kneading machines.
- a step of rest of the dough can be optionally added prior to cooking it.
- the cooking of the dough that is used in the baking process described in the present invention is preferably baking.
- any other known cooking method such as stir fry, fried, steamed, etc. can be used.
- the food product obtained from the process described in the present invention is bread.
- Said bread can be of any type and must be understood in its broadest meaning, such as any derivative of a dough whose minimum ingredients are flour and a liquid. Includes sweet or savory, white, whole grain breads of any shape and cooking.
- the present invention is not limited to these, being possible to use the enzyme in tortilla preparations, or doughs with spongy textures, such as cookies, muffins, donuts, kuchen, cakes, cakes, etc.
- Example 1 Isolation of the nucleotide sequence encoding the xylanase-active polypeptide from Cladosporium sp.
- RNA extraction was performed with the RNeasy Plant Mini kit (Qiagen ® ) according to the manufacturer's instructions. The RNA obtained was quantified and treated with DNase I-RNase-free, for which the manufacturer's instructions were followed. RNA was stored at -80 ° C until use.
- RT-PCR was performed to obtain the native xylanase gene.
- the reverse transcriptase reaction was performed using the RevertAid Reverse Transcriptase enzyme (Thermo Scientific TM) and oligo (dT) 20 was used to obtain cDNA.
- a PCR was performed using recombinant Taq polymerase (Invitrogen), where the oligonucleotides used for said PCR were Picz-Xyl-Ecorl-Fw (SEQ ID No. 5) and Picz-Xyl-Sacll-Rv (SEQ ID No. 6 ). PCR products were visualized by electrophoresis, purified, and cloned into pGEM ® -T Easy (Promega ® ) for sequencing.
- the nucleotide sequence of the native xylanase was obtained (XynA SEQ ID No. 4).
- the three-dimensional structure of the polypeptide sequence encoded by SEQ ID No. 4 is shown in FIG 1, which was modeled by the Modeller ® program. This scheme was obtained by XynA homology. In the central part are the glutamate residues that possibly carry out the catalytic activity. Note that the amino terminal end is not modeled by the Modeller ® program.
- PDB Protein Data Bank
- SEQ ID NO: 3 shows the nucleotide sequence encoding the modified xylanase of SEQ ID NO: 1.
- RNA Cloning of the cDNA obtained from RNA was performed by reverse transcription according to what was previously described, and subsequently amplified by PCR, using the Picz-Xyl-Ecorl-Fw (SEQ ID No. 5) and Picz- oligonucleotides.
- Xyl-Sacll-Rv (SEQ ID No. 6) for cDNA-XynA (native xylanase) and oligonucleotides Picz-xylA29N-Ecorl fw (SEQ ID No. 7) and Picz-Xyl-Sacll-Rv (SEQ ID No. 6) for cDNA-XynA29N (modified xylanase).
- Digestion of the vector pPICZa obtained from the EasySelect TM Pichia Expression kit, Invitrogen TM
- the cDNAs cDNA-XynA and cDNA-XynA29N
- EcoRI and Sacll Digestions were carried out separately.
- the Sacll enzyme in a final volume of 20 pL, 2 pL of 10X tango buffer, 2 pL of enzyme (20 Units), 4 pL of DNA at a concentration of 1 pg / pL and 12 pL of water were added. The digestion was incubated for 2 hours at 37 ° C, then the fragments were purified. Subsequently, the digestion was carried out with the EcoRI enzyme.
- the buffer used was buffer O.
- the digested plasmid pPICZa was dephosphorylated, using Antarctic alkaline phosphatase. This reaction was performed in conjunction with the final digestion with EcoRI, adding 1 ml of the Antarctic alkaline phosphatase (10 Units) and 2 ml of the buffer. Finally, all the products were purified.
- the fragments obtained after double digestion were ligated to pPICZa (EasySelect TM Pichia Expression Kit, Invitrogen TM).
- a vector: insert ratio of 1: 3 in 10 pL was used as the final volume.
- 1 ⁇ L of the buffer “10X ligation buffer”, 2 ⁇ L of T4 ligase (5 U / pL), 1 pL of vector pPICZa (50 ng / pL), 3 pL of the digested PCR products were added to a concentration of 150 ng / pL, and 4 pL of MiliQ water.
- the reaction was incubated for 16 hours at 15 ° C.
- the bacterial transformation was carried out.
- the transformants were seeded in LB agar medium with low salt pH 7.5, supplemented with Zeocin 0.1 mg / mL.
- the presence of the insert was verified in the colonies obtained after transformation by PCR using the oligonucleotides Xyl RT Fw (SEQ ID No. 5) and Xyl RT Rv (SEQ ID No. 6).
- Positive transformants were cultured in LB liquid medium with low salt pH 7.5, for subsequent extraction of the plasmid.
- Each clone was seeded in 20 mL of BMGY medium in 250 mL flasks, and incubated for 1 day at 28 ° C and 200 rpm. Then, the culture was centrifuged 2400 g for 5 minutes at room temperature, and the cells were resuspended in 50 mL of BMMY, to induce the expression of the gene of interest with methanol for 8 days. Each day a 1 mL aliquot of the culture supernatant was taken to assay xylanase activity as described below.
- Reducing sugars were detected for the measurement of xylanolytic activity by the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) assay (Bailey, MJ, Biely, P., & Poutanen, K. Interlaboratory testing of methods for assay of xylanase activity. Journal of Biotechnology 1992. Vol. 23 (3): 257-270).
- DNS 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid
- 450 pL of a 1% beech xylan solution (substrate) were pre-incubated in 50 mM citrate buffer pH 5.3 for 10 min at 50 Q C. Then, 50 pL of the samples were added, and incubated by 10 minutes (reaction time) at 50 Q C.
- the reaction was stopped using 750 pL of DNS reagent (1% 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid, 30% sodium and potassium tartrate, and 1.6% NaOH). Subsequently, it was incubated at 100 Q C for 10 minutes. The samples were cooled to room temperature, centrifuged at 8600 g to remove residual xylan, and absorbance at 540 nm was measured in the supernatant. Xylose was used for the calibration curve in concentrations from 0 to 20 mM. One unit (U) of enzyme activity was defined as the amount of enzyme needed to produce 1 pmol of reducing sugars per minute.
- XynA shows an optimal pH of 6.0, with a specific activity of 457 ⁇ 2.0 U / mg.
- the specific activity of XynA drops to 283 ⁇ 2.5 U / mg.
- pH 4.0, pH 3.0, and pH 2.2 a decrease in specific activity values is observed at 23 ⁇ 2.0, 19 ⁇ 2.0 and 15 ⁇ 8.0 U / mg respectively.
- the specific activity obtained was 408 ⁇ 8.0 U / mg, at pH 8.0 it drops to 164 ⁇ 1.0 U / mg and at pH 9.0 and 10.0 the activity obtained was 32 ⁇ 1, 0 and 20 ⁇ 1.0 U / mg.
- the activity obtained is 404 ⁇ 7.0 U / mg
- the specific activity is 374 ⁇ 4.0 U / mg
- at 30 Q C, 20 Q C and 10 Q C the specific activity was 274 ⁇ 6.0 U / mg; 190 ⁇ 2.0 U / mg and 126 ⁇ 2.0 U / mg, respectively.
- the specific activity of XynA was 106 ⁇ 2.0 U / mg.
- the XynAA29N enzyme has its maximum activity at 45 Q C (648 ⁇ 3.0 U / mg).
- the specific activity was 630 ⁇ 1.0 U / mg, while at temperatures of 55 Q C, 60 Q C and 70 Q C the specific activities obtained were 498 ⁇ 1.0 U / mg; 322 ⁇ 2.0 U / mg; and 207 ⁇ 1.0 U / mg, respectively.
- the specific activity was 630 ⁇ 1.0 U / mg, while at temperatures of 30 Q C, 20 Q C, 10 Q C a moderate decrease in activity was observed, retaining 600 ⁇ 4.0 U / mg, 478 ⁇ 2.0 U / mg and 415 ⁇ 13.0 U / mg respectively.
- thermostability determination was performed in a temperature range between 5-40 ° C. The results obtained are observed in FIG. 6. The enzyme loses very little activity when it is pre-incubated between 5 and 25 Q C for 3 hours. However, when performing a pre-incubation at 35 Q C for 1 hour, the enzyme shows a loss of 50% of its activity. Important, after 20 minutes at 40 Q C, the enzyme completely loses its activity. This indicates that XynA is a highly thermolabile enzyme.
- FIG. 7 presents the results of the same experiment for the enzyme XynAA29N.
- removal of the 29 amino acids from the amino terminus dramatically increased the thermal stability of the enzyme.
- XynAA29N still retains around 100% of its activity, which decreases when incubating at higher temperatures.
- the maximum temperature tested 70 ° C
- the enzyme still retains detectable activity after 20 minutes of incubation. This result indicates that deletion of the 29 amino acids at the amino terminus of the XynA protein results in an increase in its thermal stability.
- the conditions used were pH 6.0 for both enzymes, and a temperature of 50 ° C for XynA and 45 ° C for XynAA29N.
- the substrates used were rye arabinoxylan, wheat arabinoxylan, oatmeal xylan, beech xylan and birch xylan.
- the enzyme was incubated with the substrates at 1% and the activity was determined using the following protocol. Reducing sugars were detected for the measurement of xylanolytic activity by the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) assay (Bailey, MJ, Biely, P., & Poutanen, K.
- DNS 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid
- the effect of the XynA and XynAA29N enzymes on the masses was evaluated by means of alveographic analysis.
- An alveograph (Chopin, France) was used to measure the rheological characteristics of the mass. This alveograph is made up of three elements: a mixer for the preparation of the dough, the fermentation chamber, and the curve recorder (standard manometer).
- the hydrostatic valve was opened and air was let through to the mass, taking the shape of a balloon that progressively grows until it ruptures. This last step was repeated with the remaining four samples. Opening the hydrostatic valve, the register drew a diagram. Once the five diagrams were drawn, the mean of the samples analyzed was obtained and the toughness (P, corresponding to the capacity of the mass to resist deformation) and the extensibility (L, corresponding to the maximum volume of air that may contain mass bubble; Method 54-30A, AACC International 2000).
- Tenacity (P) assesses the resistance to deformation of the mass.
- the results in Table 1 indicate that the addition of xylanases to the flour leads to a decrease in the value of this parameter, indicating a decrease in the stiffness and formation of the gluten network.
- the results show that XynA decreases the tenacity of the mass by 8.8%, while the treatment with CghAD29N, toughness decreases by about 18%, a significant difference compared to other treatments.
- the elasticity (L) measures the ability of the flour to be stretched once mixed with water.
- the action of xylanases on the masses generated a change in elasticity, which is reflected in an increase in this parameter (Table 1). All treatments showed an increase in elasticity, in the case of XynA it increases about 10%, similar to that obtained with the commercial enzyme. In the case of treatment with XynAA29N, the elasticity of the mass increased by 21%.
- the Brabender farinograms are standard curves that allow observing the amount of water a flour needs to obtain the ideal consistency, the appropriate kneading time to obtain a correctly developed dough and the stability of the dough. Therefore, this experiment allowed to determine the water absorption, the development time of the mass and the stability.
- a Brabender ® Farinograph (CW Brabender Instruments, Inc., Germany) was used. For it, 50 grams of flour were added to the equipment's mixer, 30 mL of water and xylanase (20 ppm) were added. The mixture was kneaded at a constant speed of 100 rpm, recording the resistance that the dough opposes to continuous mechanical work as a function of time. First, the amount of water necessary for the dough to reach a previously determined consistency was determined in 500 Brabender ® units (standardized value of maximum consistency). Then, from the diagram obtained from the farinogram, the parameters related to the industrial aptitude of the flour were obtained.
- the breads were made using the following formulation: 200 grams of wheat flour (Molino Puente Alto), 8 grams of skim milk powder (Svelty ® , Nestlé), 6 grams of lard (Astra ® ), 6 grams of fresh yeast ( Lefersa ® ), 4 grams of sodium chloride (Merck ® ) and 8 grams of common sugar (IANSA ® ) and 1 12 mL of water. For enzyme treatments, these were added at 20 ppm. The ingredients were mixed and kneaded for 7 min with a mixer (Kitchenaid ® ). Subsequently, the resulting mass was pre-fermented for 105 min at 30 Q C, in a chamber with an atmosphere of 96% relative humidity.
- the dough was then manually degassed and brought back to the fermentation chamber for another 50 minutes under the same conditions. At the end of this time, the degassed mass was molded and portioned into 125-gram pieces with the help of a spatula. The pieces of dough were placed in molds for a final fermentation of 25 min. Finally, the pieces were baked at 215 Q C for 25 min in a gas oven (Maigas ® ). Each baking test was performed in triplicate.
- the measurement of the volume of the bread was determined by displacement of ca ⁇ ala seeds, after 1 h of baking.
- the specific volume was obtained by dividing the volume of the sample by its weight.
- FIG. 12 shows the result of this bread making.
- the use of the modified XynAA29N xylanase of the present invention improves the alveographic parameters (toughness and elasticity) of the dough, which allows breads with a higher specific volume to be obtained when compared to the native enzyme and the commercial enzyme.
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US17/413,937 US20220087271A1 (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2019-12-11 | Polypeptide with xylanase activity, nucleotide sequence encoding it, ingredient and process comprising said ingredient for preparing a food product |
CA3123316A CA3123316A1 (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2019-12-11 | Polypeptide with xylanase activity, nucleotide sequence encoding it, ingredient and process comprising said ingredient for preparing a food product |
BR112021011359A BR112021011359A2 (pt) | 2018-12-14 | 2019-12-11 | Polipeptídeo com atividade de xilanase, sequência de nucleotídeos que o codifica, ingrediente e processo que compreende o dito ingrediente para a preparação de um produto alimentício |
EP19896697.0A EP3896157A4 (en) | 2018-12-14 | 2019-12-11 | POLYPEPTIDE WITH XYLANASE ACTIVITY, NUCLEAR SEQUENCE ENCODING THEREOF, INGREDIENT AND PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A FOOD CONTAINING SUCH INGREDIENT |
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CL2018003617A CL2018003617A1 (es) | 2018-12-14 | 2018-12-14 | Polipéptido con actividad xilanasa, secuencia nucleotídica que lo codifica, ingrediente y proceso que comprende dicho ingrediente para la preparación de un producto alimenticio |
CL3617-2018 | 2018-12-14 |
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Citations (6)
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US6586209B1 (en) * | 1990-06-19 | 2003-07-01 | Quest International, B.V. | Xylanase production |
WO2013181760A1 (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2013-12-12 | Concordia University | Novel cell wall deconstruction enzymes of scytalidium thermophilum, myriococcum thermophilum, and aureobasidium pullulans, and uses thereof |
WO2015114110A1 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2015-08-06 | Dupont Nutrition Biosciences Aps | Protein |
US20150291945A1 (en) | 2012-08-16 | 2015-10-15 | Bangladesh Jute Research Institute | Cellulose and/or hemicelluloses degrading enzymes from macrophomina phaseolina and uses thereof |
US20160345609A1 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2016-12-01 | Dupont Nutrition Biosciences Aps | Protein |
US9732366B2 (en) | 2014-08-29 | 2017-08-15 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Thermostable xylanase belonging to GH family 10 |
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WO2016140960A1 (en) * | 2015-03-04 | 2016-09-09 | Dupont Nutrition Biosciences Aps | Cereal grain processing |
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2019
- 2019-12-11 WO PCT/CL2019/050138 patent/WO2020118465A1/es unknown
- 2019-12-11 US US17/413,937 patent/US20220087271A1/en active Pending
- 2019-12-11 BR BR112021011359A patent/BR112021011359A2/pt unknown
- 2019-12-11 EP EP19896697.0A patent/EP3896157A4/en active Pending
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Patent Citations (6)
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US6586209B1 (en) * | 1990-06-19 | 2003-07-01 | Quest International, B.V. | Xylanase production |
WO2013181760A1 (en) * | 2012-06-08 | 2013-12-12 | Concordia University | Novel cell wall deconstruction enzymes of scytalidium thermophilum, myriococcum thermophilum, and aureobasidium pullulans, and uses thereof |
US20150291945A1 (en) | 2012-08-16 | 2015-10-15 | Bangladesh Jute Research Institute | Cellulose and/or hemicelluloses degrading enzymes from macrophomina phaseolina and uses thereof |
WO2015114110A1 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2015-08-06 | Dupont Nutrition Biosciences Aps | Protein |
US20160345609A1 (en) | 2014-01-31 | 2016-12-01 | Dupont Nutrition Biosciences Aps | Protein |
US9732366B2 (en) | 2014-08-29 | 2017-08-15 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Thermostable xylanase belonging to GH family 10 |
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BAILEY, M. J.BIELY, P.POUTANEN, K.: "Interlaboratory testing of methods for assay of xylanase activity", JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY, vol. 23, no. 3, 1992, pages 257 - 270, XP023704921, DOI: 10.1016/0168-1656(92)90074-J |
BIELY, P: "Microbial xylanolytic systems", TRENDS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY, vol. 3, no. 11, 1985, pages 286 - 290, XP023594560, DOI: 10.1016/0167-7799(85)90004-6 |
DE QUEIROZ BRITO CUNHA, C. C. ET AL.: "Improvement of bread making quality by supplementation with a recombinant xylanase produced by Pichia pastoris", PLOS ONE, vol. 13, no. 2, 26 February 2018 (2018-02-26), pages e0192996, XP055719067 * |
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WORLD J MICROBIOL BIOTECHNOL., vol. 30, no. 1, 2014, pages 65 - 76 |
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BR112021011359A2 (pt) | 2021-11-03 |
CL2018003617A1 (es) | 2019-03-22 |
CA3123316A1 (en) | 2020-06-18 |
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