WO2020107670A1 - Procédé de concentration de fer par utilisation complète de poussière de fabrication d'acier - Google Patents

Procédé de concentration de fer par utilisation complète de poussière de fabrication d'acier Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020107670A1
WO2020107670A1 PCT/CN2019/071272 CN2019071272W WO2020107670A1 WO 2020107670 A1 WO2020107670 A1 WO 2020107670A1 CN 2019071272 W CN2019071272 W CN 2019071272W WO 2020107670 A1 WO2020107670 A1 WO 2020107670A1
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Prior art keywords
iron
dust
steel
vacuum
zinc
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PCT/CN2019/071272
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
徐本军
黄润
黄彩娟
武庆慧
吕晓东
伍秦至
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贵州大学
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Publication of WO2020107670A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020107670A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C22B1/02—Roasting processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
    • C22B7/02—Working-up flue dust
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of secondary utilization of resources, in particular to a method for comprehensive utilization of steelmaking dust to enrich iron.
  • iron loss caused by dust has become the main reason for the low metal yield in the steelmaking process. Calculated based on the domestic annual output of 600 million tons of converter steel, excluding the loss of other elements, only the metal iron loss caused by dust emissions reaches more than 3 million tons per year, while causing greater pollution to the environment.
  • the sources of zinc in steel-making dust are mainly galvanized scrap steel and iron and zinc symbiotic ores that are used in large amounts in the steel-making process.
  • the zinc in iron ore and scrap steel volatilizes and oxidizes in the furnace, and almost all of them enter the dust.
  • Steelmaking dust contains iron, which is recycled to improve resource utilization.
  • patent application CN201010237178.X discloses a process for recovering zinc and iron from waste galvanized steelmaking dust, using waste galvanized steel Steelmaking dust is used as the raw material.
  • the raw material is crushed and sieved to obtain the leaching material.
  • the zinc oxide in the leaching material is leached at room temperature and weak acid, and zinc ferrite is leached at high temperature and strong acid.
  • the leaching rate of zinc in the entire leaching process is higher than 95%;
  • the leaching solution uses iron phosphate precipitation process to precipitate iron, and the iron precipitation rate reaches 99%; the purified zinc-rich solution is extracted and electrodeposited to obtain electrowinning zinc; and the iron phosphate obtained by the iron phosphate precipitation process can be further hydrolyzed to form Fe(OH) 3 and HPO 4 2- , the Fe(OH) 3 produced by the reaction can be used as a raw material for iron and steel plants, and HPO 4 2- can realize the recycling of iron precipitation agent phosphoric acid.
  • the invention can not only recover the metal zinc and metal iron in the steelmaking dust of the waste galvanized steel sheet, but also realize the recycling of the iron precipitation agent phosphoric acid.
  • the patent application uses a wet process, which is complicated and difficult to control. If it is used on a large scale, it will generate a lot of chemical waste, resulting in environmental pollution and lower economic benefits.
  • the present invention provides a method for comprehensively utilizing steelmaking dust to enrich iron.
  • the invention mixes steel-making dust with reducing agent, additives and water for vacuum roasting, combines with vacuum degree to control temperature reasonably and control pickling process parameters reasonably, and finally makes the iron content in the residual material be further increased, ensuring metal
  • the high iron recovery rate improves the recovery rate of elemental zinc, and obtains iron concentrates with an iron content of up to 66.16%.
  • the recovery rate of zinc is up to 98.19%.
  • the whole treatment process is a whole process. The process is simple, the operation is simple, and the reaction temperature is relatively low. Low, reduces the cost of comprehensive utilization of steelmaking dust, and effectively solves the problems of high cost, heavy pollution, high energy consumption, and large output of three wastes in the treatment of zinc-containing steelmaking dust in the prior art.
  • a method for comprehensively enriching iron with steel-making dust includes the following steps: mixing steel-making dust with reducing agent, additives, and water, and pressing under a pressure of 11 to 19 MPa, in a mold with a diameter of 20.01 to 30 mm Pellets, the pellets are first sent to a drying oven for drying treatment, and then put into a vacuum carbon tube furnace for vacuum roasting, collecting volatiles evaporated during the vacuum roasting process and solid residues remaining in the vacuum carbon tube furnace. After the residue is crushed and ball milled, it is put into dilute acid solution for pickling treatment to remove impurities in the residual iron phase, and finally enriched to obtain high-grade iron concentrate;
  • the volatile matter is gaseous elemental zinc, and the volatile matter is sent to a condensation collector and condensed into a solid to obtain a high-purity zinc ingot;
  • the conditions of the vacuum roasting are as follows: the reaction temperature is controlled at 850 to 950°C under a vacuum of 10 to 100 Pa, and the temperature is treated at a constant temperature for 80 to 100 min;
  • the pellets are dried to a moisture content of zero.
  • the temperature of the drying process is ⁇ 120°C, and the time is 1 to 3 hours.
  • the steel-making dust and the reducing agent are mixed uniformly, sent to a grinder to grind to a powder with a mesh size of 80-120 mesh, and then additives and water are added to mix uniformly.
  • steel-making dust, reducing agent, additive and water are mixed according to the following proportion by weight: 100 parts of steel-making dust, 6-8 parts of reducing agent, 0-2 parts of additive, and 0.4-0.7 parts of water.
  • the additive is diboron trioxide.
  • the reducing agent is coke powder.
  • the steelmaking dust with a particle size of 80 to 120 mesh is uniformly mixed, so that the steelmaking dust can fully contact with the reducing agent and additives, so that the reaction can be fully carried out during the reduction roasting process, because the reaction mainly occurs on the surface of the particles
  • the kinetic conditions are good; the constant temperature treatment for 80 to 100 minutes ensures that the reduction process is fully carried out, so that the zinc can basically be completely volatilized, and then the zinc ingot is collected by condensation.
  • this application combined with the wet treatment process, by reasonably controlling the PH value and pickling time, the impurities that are difficult to remove in the pyrotechnic process such as calcium, magnesium and aluminum in the residual materials and a small amount of unreduced zinc will be dissolved. Thereby, the iron in the residual material is enriched.
  • the working principle of this application uses coke powder as a reducing agent, reduces the zinc in the steel-making dust pellets to a single substance through the reduction roasting method and discharges it in a gaseous form.
  • the iron and other valuable metals in the steel-making dust pellets and Other components remain in the vacuum furnace, so that the zinc is detached.
  • the zinc steam is obtained through the condensation collection device to obtain high-purity zinc ingots.
  • Excess tail gas is discharged through the activated carbon adsorption treatment to avoid secondary pollution in the recovery process. Residual materials containing valuable metals such as iron are crushed, ball milled, and then put into a hydrochloric acid solution for pickling treatment.
  • This method first mixes steel-making dust, reducing agent, additives, and water to make pellets under a pressure of 11 to 19 MPa, in order to increase the binding force of the block, so that the zinc oxide powder in the steel-making dust can be combined with The coke powder and diboron trioxide are in full contact, so that the zinc oxide in the block is most likely to be reduced to zinc elemental.
  • the method sets the reduction roasting conditions to control the reaction temperature to 850-950°C under a vacuum of 10-100 Pa, and constant temperature treatment for 80-100 min; if the vacuum is higher than 100Pa, the temperature is lower than 850°C, and the processing time is lower 80min, the zinc oxide cannot be fully reduced and the zinc element cannot escape from the block completely; if the vacuum is lower than 10Pa, the temperature is higher than 950°C, and the processing time is higher than 100min, the zinc oxide cannot be fully reduced to zinc element, Will cause waste of resources.
  • the final zinc recovery rate is as high as 98.19%, and the iron content in the iron-containing material reaches more than 66.16%, which can be directly reused as iron concentrate to make Resources are fully recovered and utilized.
  • the present invention mixes steel-making dust with reducing agents, additives, and water, presses them into pellets, and sends them to a vacuum carbon tube furnace for reduction roasting treatment, and the residues are pickled, and Reasonable control of the pickling process parameters, debugging the pH of the hydrochloric acid solution is 2, the temperature is 50 °C, the processing time is 60min, and finally the iron content in the residual material is further increased, and the iron concentrate with an iron content of 66.16% is obtained.
  • the whole process is a whole process, the reaction temperature is lower, which reduces the cost of comprehensive utilization of steelmaking dust, and can also reduce energy consumption and the discharge of three wastes.
  • this application can fully evaporate zinc from steel-making dust and collect volatilized gaseous elemental zinc, while increasing the iron content of iron concentrate Can improve the recovery rate of zinc, and make the impurities such as calcium, magnesium, aluminum and a small amount of unreduced zinc in the residual material be dissolved during the pickling process, which further improves the recovery of zinc.
  • the recovery rate of zinc is as high as 98.19%. Make resources fully recovered and utilized.
  • the reasonable control of the vacuum degree of the present invention makes the gas pressure in the vacuum carbon tube furnace low, ensures that the iron element and other substances in the dust can not be volatilized, so that the iron exists in the solid state in the vacuum carbon tube furnace, and
  • the zinc can be fully volatilized, ensuring the recovery rate of iron and the purity of zinc;
  • the reaction conditions can promote the gasification, evaporation of metal zinc, the decomposition and reduction of metal compounds, and the degassing of molten metal, which ensures a high recovery rate of metal iron
  • the recovery rate of elemental zinc is improved, and the given process conditions can accelerate the speed of the reaction and reduce the temperature of the reaction, so that the metallurgical operation can be performed at a low temperature, and the energy consumption of enriched iron is reduced.
  • the starting reaction temperature of MgO being reduced by carbothermal to metal magnesium vapor is 1476K (that is, 1203°C); under normal pressure, the starting temperature of MgO being reduced by carbothermal to metal magnesium vapor is 2154K ( That is 1881 °C).
  • the temperature is reasonably controlled in conjunction with the vacuum degree, so that the iron is well enriched, which is helpful for cleaning other impurities in the solid of the strip during the later pickling process, and improving the iron enrichment rate; while the zinc is in the reduction roasting process Fully volatilized in the process, which further improves the recovery rate of iron and elemental zinc, at the same time avoids too low temperature to make the zinc in the steelmaking dust difficult to volatilize, and also avoids the volatilization of magnesium or manganese caused by higher temperatures, reducing the reduction roasting Energy consumption in the process.
  • This application promotes the reduction of zinc in steel-making dust while ensuring the iron enrichment rate by controlling the addition of additives and process parameters, and realizes the recycling of steel-making dust, obtaining high-quality zinc ingots , Reduces the energy consumption during vacuum control in the process of steelmaking dust treatment, and the process is simple, the operation is simple, vacuum reduction can effectively evaporate zinc in steelmaking dust, achieve the purpose of condensing and collecting elemental zinc, and effectively solve the existing
  • the technology has the problems of high cost, heavy pollution, high energy consumption and large output of three wastes in the treatment of zinc-containing steelmaking dust.
  • Example 1 A Steelmaking dust/kg Coke powder/kg Boron trioxide/kg Example 1 100 6 0 Example 2 100 8 0 Example 3 100 8 2 Example 4 100 7 1 Example 5 100 7 1.5
  • a method for comprehensively enriching iron with steelmaking dust includes the following steps:
  • the reducing agent is coke powder
  • the steel-making dust, reducing agent, additives and water are mixed in the following proportions by weight: 100 parts of steel dust, 6 parts of reducing agent, and 0.4 parts of water
  • the pressing into pellets is to mix steelmaking dust, reducing agent, and water first, and then send it into a mold with a diameter of 20.01 mm to form a ball
  • the pressing The pressure of forming pellets is 11MPa
  • the steel-making dust and reducing agent are mixed uniformly, then sent to a grinder to grind to a powder with a mesh size of 80 mesh, and then water is added to mix evenly;
  • step (1) The pellets of step (1) are sent to a vacuum carbon tube furnace for vacuum roasting to obtain volatiles and residues, and the residues are solids remaining in the vacuum carbon tube furnace; conditions for the vacuum roasting For: control the reaction temperature to 850°C under a vacuum of 10Pa, and treat it at a constant temperature for 100 minutes; before sending the pellets to a vacuum carbon tube furnace for vacuum roasting, first send the formed pellets to a drying oven for drying The moisture content is 0; the drying temperature is ⁇ 120°C and the time is 1h;
  • step (3) The volatile substance in step (2), that is, gaseous elemental zinc, is sent to a condensation collector and condensed into a solid, and the solid is collected to obtain a high-purity zinc ingot;
  • step (2) The residue in step (2) is crushed and ball milled and put into a dilute acid solution for pickling treatment to remove impurities in the residual iron phase, and finally a high-grade iron concentrate is obtained;
  • the dilute acid is dilute Hydrochloric acid solution, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 0.01 mol/L;
  • the chemical composition and content of the steel-making dust are shown in Table 1, and the amounts of the steel-making dust, reducing agent, additives and water are shown in Table 2.
  • a method for comprehensively enriching iron with steelmaking dust includes the following steps:
  • the reducing agent is coke powder
  • the steel-making dust, reducing agent, additives and water are mixed in the following proportions by weight: 100 parts of steel dust, 8 parts of reducing agent, and 0.7 parts of water
  • the pressing into pellets is to mix steelmaking dust, reducing agent, and water first, and then send it into a mold with a diameter of 30 mm to form a ball
  • the pressure of the pellets is 19MPa; before pressing into pellets, the steelmaking dust and the reducing agent are mixed evenly, sent to the grinder to grind to a powder with a mesh size of 120 mesh, and then added with water to mix evenly;
  • step (1) The pellets of step (1) are sent to a vacuum carbon tube furnace for vacuum roasting to obtain volatiles and residues, and the residues are solids remaining in the vacuum carbon tube furnace; conditions for the vacuum roasting For: control the reaction temperature to 950°C under a vacuum of 100Pa, and treat it at a constant temperature for 80 minutes; before sending the pellets to a vacuum carbon tube furnace for vacuum roasting, first send the formed pellets to a drying oven for drying treatment The moisture content is 0; the drying temperature is ⁇ 120°C and the time is 3h;
  • step (3) The volatile substance in step (2), that is, gaseous elemental zinc, is sent to a condensation collector and condensed into a solid, and the solid is collected to obtain a high-purity zinc ingot;
  • step (2) The residue in step (2) is crushed and ball milled and put into a dilute acid solution for pickling treatment to remove impurities in the residual iron phase, and finally a high-grade iron concentrate is obtained;
  • the dilute acid is dilute Hydrochloric acid solution, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 0.01 mol/L;
  • the chemical composition and content of the steel-making dust are shown in Table 1, and the amounts of the steel-making dust, reducing agent, additives and water are shown in Table 2.
  • a method for comprehensively enriching iron with steelmaking dust includes the following steps:
  • the additive is boron trioxide
  • the reducing agent is coke powder
  • the steel-making dust, reducing agent, additives Mix with water according to the following proportions: 100 parts of steelmaking dust, 8 parts of reducing agent, 2 parts of additive, and 0.5 parts of water
  • the pressing into pellets is to mix steelmaking dust, reducing agent, additives, and water uniformly After that, it is sent into a mold with a diameter of 21.06 mm to form a ball; the pressure of the pressed pellets is 12 MPa; before being pressed into pellets, the steelmaking dust and reducing agent are mixed evenly and sent to the grinding machine to grind into the mesh Powder with a particle size of 90 mesh, then add additives and water to mix evenly;
  • step (1) The pellets of step (1) are sent to a vacuum carbon tube furnace for vacuum roasting to obtain volatiles and residues, and the residues are solids remaining in the vacuum carbon tube furnace; conditions for the vacuum roasting For: control the reaction temperature to 890°C under a vacuum of 20Pa, and treat it at a constant temperature for 89 minutes; before sending the pellets into a vacuum carbon tube furnace for vacuum roasting, first send the shaped pellets to a drying oven for drying The moisture content is 0; the drying temperature is ⁇ 120°C and the time is 1.5h;
  • step (3) The volatile substance in step (2), that is, gaseous elemental zinc, is sent to a condensation collector and condensed into a solid, and the solid is collected to obtain a high-purity zinc ingot;
  • step (2) The residue in step (2) is crushed and ball milled and put into a dilute acid solution for pickling treatment to remove impurities in the residual iron phase, and finally a high-grade iron concentrate is obtained;
  • the dilute acid is dilute Hydrochloric acid solution, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 0.01 mol/L;
  • the chemical composition and content of the steel-making dust are shown in Table 1, and the amounts of the steel-making dust, reducing agent, additives and water are shown in Table 2.
  • a method for comprehensively enriching iron with steelmaking dust includes the following steps:
  • the additive is boron trioxide
  • the reducing agent is coke powder
  • the steel-making dust, reducing agent, additives Mix with water in the following proportions by weight: 100 parts of steelmaking dust, 7 parts of reducing agent, 1 part of additive, and 0.6 parts of water
  • the compression into pellets is to mix steelmaking dust, reducing agent, additives, and water uniformly
  • it is fed into a mold with a diameter of 29.03mm to form balls
  • the pressure of the pressed pellets is 18MPa
  • the steelmaking dust and reducing agent are mixed evenly and sent to the grinding machine for grinding Powder with a particle size of 110 mesh, then add additives and water to mix evenly;
  • step (1) The pellets of step (1) are sent to a vacuum carbon tube furnace for vacuum roasting to obtain volatiles and residues, and the residues are solids remaining in the vacuum carbon tube furnace; conditions for the vacuum roasting For: control the reaction temperature to 930 °C under a vacuum of 90Pa, and treat it at a constant temperature for 85 minutes; before sending the pellets into a vacuum carbon tube furnace for vacuum roasting, first send the formed pellets to a drying oven for drying treatment The moisture content is 0; the drying temperature is ⁇ 120°C and the time is 2.5h;
  • step (3) The volatile substance in step (2), that is, gaseous elemental zinc, is sent to a condensation collector and condensed into a solid, and the solid is collected to obtain a high-purity zinc ingot;
  • step (2) The residue in step (2) is crushed and ball milled and put into a dilute acid solution for pickling treatment to remove impurities in the residual iron phase, and finally a high-grade iron concentrate is obtained;
  • the dilute acid is dilute Hydrochloric acid solution, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 0.01 mol/L;
  • the chemical composition and content of the steel-making dust are shown in Table 1, and the amounts of the steel-making dust, reducing agent, additives and water are shown in Table 2.
  • a method for comprehensively enriching iron with steelmaking dust includes the following steps:
  • the additive is boron trioxide
  • the reducing agent is coke powder
  • the steel-making dust, reducing agent, additives Mix with water in the following proportions: 100 parts of steelmaking dust, 7 parts of reducing agent, 1.5 parts of additives, and 0.5 parts of water
  • the press into pellets is to mix steelmaking dust, reducing agent, additives, and water uniformly After that, it is fed into a mold with a diameter of 25.07mm to form balls; the pressure of the pressed pellets is 15MPa; before being pressed into pellets, the steelmaking dust and reducing agent are mixed evenly and sent to the grinding machine for grinding Powder with a particle size of 100 mesh, then add additives and water to mix evenly;
  • step (1) The pellets of step (1) are sent to a vacuum carbon tube furnace for vacuum roasting to obtain volatiles and residues, and the residues are solids remaining in the vacuum carbon tube furnace; conditions for the vacuum roasting For: control the reaction temperature to 900 °C under a vacuum of 50Pa, and treat it at a constant temperature for 90 minutes; before sending the pellets to a vacuum carbon tube furnace for vacuum roasting, first send the formed pellets to a drying oven for drying treatment The moisture content is 0; the drying temperature is ⁇ 120°C and the time is 2h;
  • step (3) The volatile substance in step (2), that is, gaseous elemental zinc, is sent to a condensation collector and condensed into a solid, and the solid is collected to obtain a high-purity zinc ingot;
  • step (2) The residue in step (2) is crushed and ball milled and put into a dilute acid solution for pickling treatment to remove impurities in the residual iron phase, and finally a high-grade iron concentrate is obtained;
  • the dilute acid is dilute Hydrochloric acid solution, the concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution is 0.01 mol/L;
  • the chemical composition and content of the steel-making dust are shown in Table 1, and the amounts of the steel-making dust, reducing agent, additives and water are shown in Table 2.
  • Example 1 The difference from Examples 1 to 5 is that the temperature is controlled to 800°C during vacuum baking, and other conditions remain unchanged.
  • the examples 1 to 5 of the present application and the comparative examples 1 to 3 were respectively subjected to the steel making dust recovery and utilization zinc test, and the zinc recovery rate, iron content in the iron-containing material and the total cost used after processing 100 kg of steel making dust by different methods were recorded. The results are shown in Table 3 below.
  • this application mixes steelmaking dust with reducing agents, additives, and water for vacuum roasting, combined with the vacuum degree to control the temperature reasonably, control the pickling process parameters reasonably, and finally make the iron content in the residual materials further Improve the recovery rate of elemental zinc while ensuring a high recovery rate of metallic iron, obtain iron concentrates with an iron content of up to 66.16%, and a recovery rate of zinc up to 98.19%; as a whole process in the entire process, the process is simple and the operation Convenient, low reaction temperature, reduces the cost of comprehensive utilization of steel-making dust, and effectively solves the high cost, heavy pollution, high energy consumption and large output of three wastes existing in the treatment of zinc-containing steel-making dust in the existing technology.
  • the problem is described in summary, this application mixes steelmaking dust with reducing agents, additives, and water for vacuum roasting, combined with the vacuum degree to control the temperature reasonably, control the pickling process parameters reasonably, and finally make the iron content in the residual materials further Improve the recovery rate of elemental zinc while ensuring a high recovery rate of metallic iron

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de concentration de fer par utilisation complète de poussière de fabrication d'acier : la poussière de fabrication d'acier est mélangée avec un agent réducteur, un additif et de l'eau, est pressée en billes qui sont séchées puis cuites sous vide, et une substance volatile et un résidu solide sont collectés. La substance volatile est du zinc élémentaire en phase gazeuse, qui est introduite dans un collecteur de condensation et ensuite condensée en un solide ; le résidu solide est cassé et broyé avec des boulets, puis décapé pour éliminer les impuretés dans une phase de fer résiduel pour obtenir un concentré de fer. Les paramètres de traitement sont contrôlés, tandis que les taux de récupération du fer et du zinc sont augmentés.
PCT/CN2019/071272 2018-11-26 2019-01-11 Procédé de concentration de fer par utilisation complète de poussière de fabrication d'acier WO2020107670A1 (fr)

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GB2588364B (en) * 2018-11-26 2022-04-20 Univ Guizhou Method for comprehensive utilization and recovery of zinc from steel-making dust

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CN113981209A (zh) * 2021-10-14 2022-01-28 辽宁科技大学 一种回收高炉瓦斯灰尘中锌和铁的方法

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