WO2020097869A1 - 一种电动物流车 - Google Patents

一种电动物流车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020097869A1
WO2020097869A1 PCT/CN2018/115698 CN2018115698W WO2020097869A1 WO 2020097869 A1 WO2020097869 A1 WO 2020097869A1 CN 2018115698 W CN2018115698 W CN 2018115698W WO 2020097869 A1 WO2020097869 A1 WO 2020097869A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotating
swing arm
groove
logistics vehicle
axial direction
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/115698
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王国富
Original Assignee
浙江睿璞智能汽车股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 浙江睿璞智能汽车股份有限公司 filed Critical 浙江睿璞智能汽车股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2018/115698 priority Critical patent/WO2020097869A1/zh
Publication of WO2020097869A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020097869A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
    • B62K5/02—Tricycles
    • B62K5/027—Motorcycles with three wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K7/00—Freight- or passenger-carrying cycles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of logistics vehicles, in particular to an electric logistics vehicle.
  • the patent with the application number CN201420779772.5 discloses a three-wheel electric flatbed vehicle including a body, a handlebar, a front wheel, a rear wheel and a seat.
  • the middle part of the body is provided with a seat and a body
  • the front is equipped with front wheels and handlebars
  • the handlebars are equipped with brakes
  • the rear of the body is equipped with rear wheels.
  • the front frame and the rear frame of the existing tricycle are firmly fixed together.
  • the rear frame of the whole vehicle remains stable.
  • the vehicle is affected by the deviation of the center of gravity.
  • the vehicle is easier to roll over.
  • the heavy cargo on the rear frame is firm and does not fall, which has higher requirements for the driver's driving skills. If the turning angle is large or the cargo loaded is large and high, a little carelessness may cause a rollover. Therefore, how to keep the rear frame of the tricycle stable during turning has become a technical problem that has been difficult to solve for a long time.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an electric logistics vehicle, the front frame of which can swing relative to the rear frame, thereby keeping the rear frame stable when turning and reducing the possibility of rollover .
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • An electric logistics vehicle includes a front frame provided with a front wheel and a rear frame provided with a rear wheel.
  • the rear frame is fixedly mounted with a rotating shaft
  • the front frame is provided with a sleeve which is set to rotate A rotating part outside the shaft
  • a guide part is fixedly installed in the rotating part
  • a bolt is slidably connected along the axial direction of the rotating shaft
  • a plug part is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft
  • the plug part is provided with A socket for inserting a bolt
  • one end of the bolt is provided with a locking mechanism for driving the bolt to move along its axial direction.
  • the plug in the initial setting, the plug is not inserted into the socket, and the rotating shaft can rotate relative to the rotating part.
  • the driver can tilt the front frame relative to the rear frame by tilting the human body, tilting the front frame, reducing the center of gravity of the tricycle, and making the tricycle turn more flexibly and smoothly.
  • it also reduces the minimum turning radius that the tricycle can pass, making it applicable to more environments. If the driver is not used to swinging the front frame, he can insert the bolt into the jack through the locking mechanism.
  • the rotating shaft and the rotating portion are fixed in the circumferential direction, and at this time, the front frame and the rear frame remain relatively fixed, the same as the traditional tricycle.
  • the tricycle can be made more in line with different people's driving habits.
  • the front frame and the rear frame can also be relatively fixed, so that the front frame is more stable, so that the driver can get off the vehicle more conveniently.
  • one end of the latch is connected with a linkage rod in rotation
  • the latch can slide along the length of the linkage rod relative to the linkage rod
  • the linkage rod is connected to the rotating part in rotation
  • the linkage rod is connected to the end away from the latch Parallel to the middle portion of the plug
  • the middle portion is connected with a driving member for driving the middle portion to move along its axial direction.
  • the middle part can be driven to move in the axial direction by the driving member, at this time the linkage lever is driven to rotate by the driving member, which in turn drives the bolt to move along its axial direction, so that the bolt Insert into the jack.
  • the rotating shaft and the rotating portion are fixed in the circumferential direction, and at this time, the front frame and the rear frame remain relatively fixed, the same as the traditional tricycle.
  • the tricycle can be made more in line with different people's driving habits.
  • the front frame and the rear frame can also be relatively fixed, so that the front frame is more stable, so that the driver can get off the vehicle more conveniently.
  • the middle portion includes a driven portion provided in a hollow shape and fixedly connected to the driving member, a connecting block slidingly connected to the driven portion in the axial direction of the driven portion, and located on both sides of the connecting block
  • a cushioning elastic member, the linkage rod is rotatably connected to the connecting block, the cushioning elastic member is disposed along the axial direction of the driven part, and both ends abut the inner wall of the driven part and the side wall of the connecting block, respectively.
  • the bolts are not aligned with the jacks, and when the drive member drives the follower to move, the force of the follower to the linkage lever is transmitted to the connection
  • the block and the connecting block slide relative to the driven part, and the buffer elastic member can play a buffering role. Prevents the driver from driving the driven part through the driver without knowing that the plug is not aligned with the jack, causing the plug to have excessive pressure against the plug, reducing the possibility of damage to the plug and the plug .
  • the buffer elastic member has accumulated elastic potential energy.
  • the pin After the current frame is rectified and the pin is aligned with the jack, the pin can be inserted into the jack under the push of a buffer elastic member that has accumulated elastic potential energy, so that the front frame and the rear frame are relatively fixed. Therefore, the front frame and the rear frame can be more conveniently fixed.
  • the present invention is further provided that: an end of the latch is connected with a linkage rod in rotation, an end of the linkage rod away from the latch is provided with an intermediate portion parallel to the latch, a first compensation groove is opened on the intermediate portion, and the linkage lever One end is embedded in the first compensation slot and is rotatably connected to the first compensation slot.
  • the rotating part is rotatably connected with a swing arm assembly for driving the intermediate part to slide along its axial direction.
  • One end of the swing arm assembly is provided for driving the swing Drive mechanism for the rotation of the arm assembly.
  • the plug is inserted into the jack, and at this time, the front frame and the rear frame connected by the swing mechanism are fixedly connected. If you need to drive, you can drive the swing arm assembly to swing through the driving mechanism. At this time, the swing arm assembly has a driving force for the middle section to slide the middle section along the length of the middle section. The middle section moves in the axial direction to drive the linkage rod to rotate. Then, the driving pin is moved along its axial direction, away from the insertion hole, and the rotating part can rotate relative to the rotating shaft.
  • the driver can change the center of gravity of the front frame by controlling the tilt of the body, and then drive the front frame to rotate relative to the rear frame, reducing the minimum turning radius, making the turning easier, and making the rear
  • the frame remains stable, reducing the possibility of overturning.
  • the linkage rod is fixedly provided with a rotating disc at one end near the middle portion
  • the first compensation groove includes a sliding groove opened on the outer wall of the middle portion along the middle axial direction and a rotating groove opened on the bottom surface of the sliding groove
  • the linkage rod is embedded in the sliding groove and slidably connected to the sliding groove.
  • the rotating disc is embedded in the rotating groove and rotatably connected to the rotating groove. The rotating circle abuts on the side wall of the rotating groove.
  • the middle portion is provided with an accommodating groove along its axial direction
  • the accommodating groove is provided with two along the axial direction of the middle portion and respectively located on both sides of the rotating groove.
  • the accommodating groove communicates with the rotating groove.
  • the two sides of the rotating disc are provided with cushioning elastic members.
  • the cushioning elastic members are arranged along the axial direction of the middle portion and both ends abut the inner wall of the middle portion and the side wall of the rotating disk, respectively.
  • the bolt is not aligned with the insertion hole.
  • the driving mechanism drives the middle part to move, the force of the middle part on the rotating disc is transmitted to the buffer elastic member.
  • the cushioning elastic member can play a cushioning role.
  • the driver is prevented from driving the middle part through the driving mechanism without knowing that the plug is not aligned with the jack, which causes the plug to have excessive pressure against the plug, reducing the possibility of damage to the plug and the plug.
  • the buffer elastic member has accumulated elastic potential energy.
  • the pin can be inserted into the jack under the push of a buffer elastic member that has accumulated elastic potential energy, so that the front frame and the rear frame are relatively fixed. Therefore, the front frame can be more conveniently switched between a fixed state relative to the rear frame and a swing state relative to the rear frame.
  • a second compensation slot is provided on the middle portion
  • the swing arm assembly includes a first swing arm, a second swing arm, and a connecting shaft for connecting the first swing arm and the second swing arm
  • the first swing arm is embedded in the second compensation slot and is slidably connected to the second compensation slot.
  • the connecting shaft passes through the rotating part and is rotationally connected to the rotating part.
  • the second swing arm is connected to the driving mechanism.
  • the driving mechanism includes a pull wire and a return spring, one end of the pull wire is rotationally connected to the second swing arm and the other end is located on the side of the front body close to the human body, and the pull wire is slidingly connected to the front body;
  • the two ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the rotating part and the middle part.
  • the second swing arm can be driven to rotate by the pulling wire, and then the first swing arm can be driven to rotate, so that the middle portion moves along its length direction to realize the insertion of the bolt into the jack, and the return spring is compressed at this time.
  • the middle part is reset by the return spring, so that the bolt leaves the socket, so that the front frame can swing relative to the rear frame.
  • the present invention is further configured to further include turning a flap connected to the front body, the flap corresponding to the front chest of the driver, and one end of the pull wire away from the second swing arm is rotationally connected to the flap.
  • the cable is pulled by turning the flap, so that the cable stabilizes the swing arm assembly to drive the middle part to compress the return spring, and there is no need to keep pulling by hand. Therefore, the front frame and the rear frame can be more stably fixed, and the tricycle applying the swing mechanism is suitable for people with various driving habits.
  • the flap corresponds to the front chest of the driver, so that people can operate the flap more conveniently, which is in line with the optimized design of man-machine.
  • the inner wall of the rotating part is fixedly connected with a limiting block for limiting the movement of the abutting block relative to the rotating part, each of the abutting blocks corresponds to at least one limiting block, and the abutting block is close to
  • the angle between the plane of the side wall of the limit block and the plane of the side wall of the limit block near the abutment block is 18 °
  • the rotating part rotates relative to the rotating shaft, the limiting block moves relative to the rotating shaft until it abuts against the abutting block, and the abutting block has a limiting force on the limiting block,
  • the rotation part can no longer rotate relative to the rotation axis in this direction. That is, with the cooperation of the limit block and the abutment block, the swing angle of the front frame relative to the rear frame is limited, which makes it difficult for the logistics vehicle to roll over due to the excessive swing angle, causing the driver to fall to the ground To improve driving safety.
  • the limit angle is 18 °
  • the driver When the limit angle is 18 °, set the driver to a height of nine meters and sit on the logistics vehicle. If the front frame and the rear frame are not fixed when parking, the front frame swings relative to the rear frame by this angle The whole logistics vehicle is still in a stable state and will not roll over. At the same time, the driver can also swing the front frame back to the state of the parallel rear frame by swinging his own body, without using feet to support the ground, which improves safety.
  • the invention has the following advantages: 1. Make the front frame swing relative to the rear frame, reduce the minimum turning radius of the tricycle, and make the tricycle turn more flexibly; 2. After the swing, the rotating part of the swing mechanism can Automatically return to the center to make the tricycle more convenient to control; 3. Make the front frame of the tricycle adjustable in two working conditions: fixed relative to the rear frame and swayed relative to the rear frame, which is suitable for drivers with various driving habits; 4 It conforms to the principle of man-machine, so that the driver can easily adjust whether the front frame can swing relative to the rear frame.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft in the first embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft in the second embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged view at A in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a buffer elastic member in the fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating shaft and the rotating shaft in the fifth embodiment
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the rotating disc in the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 10 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of the first swing arm in the fifth embodiment
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the structure of the rotating part, the rotating shaft and the cable in the fifth embodiment
  • Embodiment 13 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 5.
  • Embodiment 15 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 6;
  • Embodiment 16 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 7.
  • Limiting seat 36. First compensation slot 37, the first rotating shaft; 38, the extension plate; 39, the second rotating shaft; 40, the driven part; 41, the connection block; 42, the buffer elastic member; 43, the guide shaft; 44, the swing arm assembly; 45, the drive mechanism ; 46, mounting seat; 47, mounting bolts; 48, rotating disc; 49, second compensation slot; 50, slide slot; 51, rotating slot; 52, receiving slot; 53, first swing arm; 54, second Swing arm; 55, connecting shaft; 56, pull wire; 57, return spring; 58, flap; 59, third compensation slot.
  • a front single-wheel logistics vehicle that facilitates cornering includes a front part 1 and a rear part 2.
  • the front body part 1 includes a front frame 3, a front wheel 4 and a front body 5, the front wheel 4 is rotatably connected to the front frame 3, the front body 5 is fixedly installed above the front frame 3, and the front body 5 is away from the end of the rear body 2
  • a handle 6 for controlling the direction is provided.
  • a seat 7 is installed in the middle of the front body 5.
  • the rear vehicle portion 2 includes a rear frame 8, a rear wheel 9, and a rear body 10.
  • the rear wheel 9 is provided with two coaxially and rotatably connected to the rear frame 8.
  • the front wheel 4 and the rear wheel 9 form a triangular support.
  • the rear frame 8 is fixed to the end of the front frame 3 with a rotating shaft 11 fixedly fixed to the front vehicle.
  • Frame 3 A bearing 13 is provided between the rotating part 12 and the rotating shaft 11.
  • the bearing 13 is provided with two bearings located at both ends of the rotating part 12.
  • the inner ring of the bearing 13 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 11, and the outer ring of the bearing 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the connecting part .
  • the driver can change the center of gravity of the front body 5 by tilting his body, and then drive the rotating part 12 to rotate relative to the rotating shaft 11 to realize the swing of the front body 5 relative to the rear body 10, so that the tricycle can be more Flexible and smooth turning. At the same time, it also reduces the minimum turning radius that the tricycle can pass, making it applicable to more environments.
  • Embodiment 2 Based on the basis of Embodiment 1, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, in order to facilitate the front body 5 to return to the center, the outer wall of the rotating shaft 11 is provided with a plurality of abutting portions 17 along its circumferential direction, and two adjacent abutting portions 17 An accommodating cavity 18 is formed therebetween, and an elastic damping member 19 is provided in the accommodating cavity 18, and the elastic damping member 19 abuts against the inner wall of the accommodating cavity 18.
  • the elastic damper 19 is fixedly connected to the rotating portion 12.
  • the elastic damping member 19 is made of elastic rubber, and two ends of the elastic damping member 19 are provided with protrusions 20 respectively, the protrusions 20 are embedded in the rotating portion 12, so that the elastic damping member 19 is fixedly connected to the rotating portion 12 .
  • the rotating portion 12 rotates relative to the rotating shaft 11, at this time, the elastic damping member 19 receives a pushing force along the tangent line, so that the elastic damping member 19 accumulates elastic potential energy. Furthermore, when the driver needs to return to the front vehicle portion 1, he only needs to straighten himself. The rotating portion 12 rotates relative to the rotating shaft 11 under the elastic potential energy of the elastic damper 19, and returns to a position parallel to the rear vehicle portion 2, so that the driving The experience is better.
  • the connecting shaft 55 includes a light rod portion 21 and a spline portion 22.
  • the light rod portion 21 is fixedly connected to the rear frame 8.
  • the spline portion 22 of the rotating shaft 11 is provided with a first connecting sleeve 23. All abutting portions 17 are fixedly connected to the first connecting sleeve 23 and integrally formed with the first connecting sleeve 23.
  • the molding method may be casting or machining.
  • the first connecting sleeve 23 is provided with an internal spline that cooperates with the spline portion 22.
  • the third embodiment is based on the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, however, swinging also brings some problems.
  • the front vehicle portion 1 can swing relative to the rear vehicle portion 2 and it is not convenient for the driver to get on the vehicle.
  • a plug-in portion 24 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 11, and a jack 27 is opened in the plug-in portion 24.
  • a guide portion 26 is fixedly installed in the rotating portion 12, and a latch 25 is slidingly connected along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 11 in the guide portion 26.
  • One end of the latch 25 is connected to a locking mechanism for driving the latch 25 to move in its axial direction, so that the latch 25 is inserted into or away from the receptacle 27.
  • the guide portion 26 is circumferentially fixed with respect to the insertion portion 24, so the rotating portion 12 is circumferentially fixed with respect to the rotating shaft 11, and the front vehicle portion 1 cannot swing at this time, which can meet the Driving habits. Moreover, the front vehicle portion 1 cannot swing, and the tricycle can be parked in a certain place more stably.
  • the locking mechanism includes a linkage lever 31 that is rotationally connected to the latch 25, an intermediate portion 32 that is rotationally connected to the linkage lever 31, and a mechanism for driving the intermediate portion 32 along the axis of the latch 25 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 33 ⁇ The driving member 33 to the movement.
  • the linkage lever 31 is also rotatably connected to the guide portion 26, and the rotation point is located between the intermediate portion 32 and the latch 25. Both ends of the intermediate portion 32 are provided with at least one limiting shaft 34 along the axial direction thereof.
  • a limiting seat 35 is fixedly installed in the rotating portion 12.
  • the limiting shaft 34 passes through the limiting seat 35 and is slidingly connected to the limiting seat 35.
  • the driving member 33 may be a propulsion motor, a screw group, or the like.
  • the driving member 33 drives the intermediate portion 32 to move along its axial direction.
  • the linkage rod 31 rotates under the driving of the intermediate portion 32, and then drives the bolt 25 to move along the length direction of the bolt 25, so that the bolt 25 is inserted
  • the hole 27 may be pulled out from the jack 27.
  • the front vehicle portion 1 can be switched between a state fixed to the rear vehicle portion 2 and a swingable state relative to the rear vehicle portion 2.
  • the end of the linkage rod 31 near the latch 25 is provided with a first compensation groove 36 along its length.
  • the first compensation groove 36 communicates with the end of the linkage rod 31.
  • the latch 25 is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 37 37 is slidably embedded in the first compensation groove 36 and rotatably connected to the first compensation groove 36.
  • An extension plate 38 is fixedly attached to the guide 26 side.
  • a second rotation shaft 39 is inserted in the middle of the linkage lever 31, and the linkage lever 31 is rotatably connected to the second rotation shaft 39.
  • the second rotating shaft 39 is inserted into the extension plate 38 and fixedly connected to the extension plate 38 and the guide portion 26.
  • the intermediate portion 32 includes a driven portion that is hollow and fixedly connected to the driving member 33 40.
  • the connecting block 41 slidingly connected to the driven part 40 in the axial direction of the driven part 40, and the buffer elastic members 42 located on both sides of the connecting block 41.
  • the linkage lever 31 is rotatably connected to the connecting block 41.
  • Both sides of the connecting block 41 are provided with guide shafts 43 along the axial direction of the driven portion 40, the buffer elastic members 42 are springs, and the two buffer elastic members 42 are sleeved on the two guide shafts 43, respectively.
  • the buffer elastic member 42 is disposed along the axial direction of the driven portion 40 and both ends abut the inner wall of the driven portion 40 and the side wall of the connecting block 41 respectively.
  • the driving part 33 can drive the middle part 32 to move along its length direction.
  • the driven part 40 and the connection The block 41 moves synchronously, and the linkage rod 31 rotates to drive the latch 25 to move along its axial direction, and is inserted into the insertion hole 27, so that the rotating part 12 is circumferentially fixed relative to the rotating shaft 11 to complete the locking of the front part 1 and the rear part 2;
  • the connecting block 41 compresses the buffer elastic member 42 on the side relative to the driven part 40, and under the action of the buffer elastic member 42, the plug 25 abuts on One side of the plug part 24; then swing the front car part 1 relative to the rear car part 2 until it moves until the plug 25 aligns with the socket 27, and under the effect of the buffer elastic member 42, the plug 25 is pushed into the socket 27, before the completion Locking of the vehicle part 1 and the rear vehicle part 2.
  • the locking mechanism includes a linkage lever 31 that is rotationally connected to the latch 25, an intermediate portion 32 that is rotationally connected to the linkage lever 31, a swing arm assembly 44 for driving the intermediate portion 32 to move in the axial direction of the latch 25, and A driving mechanism 45 that drives the swing arm assembly 44 to rotate.
  • a mounting base 46 is fixedly installed in the rotating part 12.
  • the linkage rod 31 is provided with a mounting bolt 47 that is located between the latch 25 and the intermediate portion 32. The mounting bolt 47 is screwed to the mounting base 46 and fixedly connected to the mounting base 46, and the linkage rod 31 is rotationally connected to the mounting bolt 47.
  • an end of the linkage lever 31 near the intermediate portion 32 is fixedly provided with a rotating disc 48.
  • a second compensation groove 49 is formed in the intermediate portion 32.
  • the second compensation groove 49 includes a sliding groove 50 and a rotating groove 51.
  • the sliding groove 50 is opened on the outer wall of the intermediate portion 32 along the axial direction of the intermediate portion 32, and the rotating groove 51 is opened on the bottom surface of the chute 50.
  • the linkage rod 31 is embedded in the sliding groove 50 and slidably connected to the sliding groove 50.
  • the rotating disk 48 is embedded in the rotating groove 51 and is rotatably connected to the rotating groove 51.
  • the rotating disk 48 abuts on the side wall of the rotating groove 51.
  • both ends of the intermediate portion 32 are provided with at least one limiting shaft 34 along the axial direction.
  • the rotating portion 12 is fixedly installed with a limiting seat 35.
  • the limiting shaft 34 passes through the limiting seat 35 and is slidingly connected to Limit seat 35.
  • the driving mechanism 45 drives the swing arm assembly 44 to rotate, so that the intermediate portion 32 moves along the axial direction of the latch 25, and the rotating disc 48 rotates relative to the intermediate portion 32 under the driving of the intermediate portion 32 and along the intermediate portion 32 Axial movement.
  • the interlocking rod 31 rotates around the mounting bolt 47, thereby giving the bolt 25 a driving force along its axial direction, so that the bolt 25 is inserted into or removed from the socket 27.
  • the front vehicle portion 1 is switched between a fixed state relative to the rear vehicle portion 2 and a swingable state relative to the rear vehicle portion 2.
  • the intermediate portion 32 is provided with a receiving groove 52 along its axial direction to accommodate Two grooves 52 are provided along the axial direction of the middle portion 32 and are respectively located on both sides of the rotation groove 51.
  • the accommodating groove 52 communicates with the rotating groove 51.
  • Both sides of the rotating disc 48 are provided with guide shafts 43 along the axial direction of the intermediate portion 32.
  • the guide shaft 43 is located in the accommodating groove 52 and abuts against the rotating disc 48.
  • the outer sleeve of the guide shaft 43 is provided with a buffer elastic member 42, and the buffer elastic member 42 is a spring.
  • One end of the buffer elastic member 42 near the rotating disc 48 is fixedly connected to the guide shaft 43, and the other end abuts against the end wall of the accommodating groove 52.
  • the latch 25 is not aligned with the insertion hole 27.
  • the driving mechanism 45 drives the swing arm assembly 44 to rotate, so that the intermediate part 32 moves in the axial direction, and the intermediate part 32
  • the force on the interlocking lever 31 is transmitted to the guide shaft 43, the guide shaft 43 slides relative to the intermediate portion 32, and one of the buffer elastic members 42 is compressed.
  • swing the front car part 1 relative to the rear car part 2 until it swings until the plug 25 is aligned with the socket 27, and under the action of the buffer elastic member 42, the plug 25 is automatically inserted into the socket 27, and the locking of the front car part 1 is completed .
  • the front vehicle part 1 and the rear vehicle part 2 are relatively fixed, and the operation is convenient.
  • a third compensation groove 59 is formed in the middle portion 32.
  • the swing arm assembly 44 includes a first swing arm 53, a second swing arm 54, and a connecting shaft 55 for connecting the first swing arm 53 and the second swing arm 54.
  • the first swing arm 53 is embedded in the third compensation slot 59 and slidably connected to the third compensation slot 59.
  • the connecting shaft 55 passes through the rotating part 12 and is rotationally connected to the rotating part 12.
  • the second swing arm 54 is connected to the driving mechanism 45 .
  • the driving mechanism 45 is led out of the rotating part 12 through the connecting shaft 55, and there is a larger space for installing the driving mechanism 45, which is convenient for design.
  • the drive mechanism 45 includes a pull wire 56 and a return spring 57.
  • a flap 58 is pivotally connected to the front body 5.
  • one end of the pull wire 56 is rotationally connected to the second swing arm 54 and the other end is rotationally connected to the flap 58, and the pull wire 56 is in a tensioned state.
  • the two ends of the return spring 57 are respectively connected to the rotating portion 12 and the middle portion 32.
  • the bolt 25 is not inserted into the jack 27, and the rotating portion 12 can rotate relative to the rotating shaft 11; when cornering, the driver can change the center of gravity of the front portion 1 by tilting his body, so that the front The car 1 swings relative to the rear car 2, and the rear car 2 remains relatively stable, because the centrifugal force when turning is digested by the front car 1, so that the tricycle can turn flexibly and smoothly;
  • the driver does not like the front part 1 swinging or needs to stop, he can turn the flap 58 to move the flap 58 away from the front body 5, and the second swing arm 54 is driven by the cable 56 during the rotation of the flap 58.
  • the first swing arm 53 Under the transmission force of the connecting shaft 55, the first swing arm 53 is driven to rotate.
  • the intermediate portion 32 can be driven to move along the side toward the front frame 3, and the return spring 57 is in a compressed state;
  • the linkage rod 31 rotates around the mounting bolt 47.
  • the linkage rod 31 drives the bolt 25 to move along its axial direction, and is inserted into the insertion hole 27, so that the rotating part 12 is circumferentially fixed relative to the rotating shaft 11 to complete the front vehicle part 1 Locking with rear car section 2;
  • the plug 25 is not aligned with the insertion hole 27, when the middle portion 32 moves, the guide shaft 43 slides relative to the middle portion 32, and one of the buffer elastic members 42 is compressed. Under the action of the buffer elastic member 42, the plug 25 abuts against the plug One side of the connecting part 24; then swing the front car part 1 relative to the rear car part 2 until it moves to the insertion pin 25 to align with the insertion hole 27, and under the action of the buffer elastic member 42, the insertion pin 25 is pushed into the insertion hole 27 to complete the front car Locking of Department 1 and Rear Department 2;
  • the flap 58 can be rotated so that the flap 58 abuts the vehicle body, at this time the cable 56 relaxes and loses the pulling force on the second swing arm 54, the middle The portion 32 moves toward the rear frame 8 under the action of the return spring 57 and restores the tension of the cable 56; and when the middle portion 32 moves, the linkage lever 31 rotates to drive the latch 25 away from the socket 27, causing the rotating portion 12 can rotate relative to the rotating shaft 11, and finally the front vehicle portion 1 swings relative to the rear vehicle portion 2.
  • the sixth embodiment is based on the basis of the second embodiment.
  • an abutment block 15 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 11 along its radial direction, and the inner wall of the rotating portion 12 is fixed
  • a limit block 14 for moving the limit contact block 15 relative to the rotating portion 12 is connected, and each block 15 corresponds to a limit block 14.
  • the abutment block 15 abuts the limit block 14
  • the abutment block 15 and the limit block 14 are in surface-to-surface contact.
  • the angle between the plane of the side wall of the abutment block 15 close to the limit block 14 and the plane of the side wall of the limit block 14 close to the abutment block 15 is less than arctan [B / (2 * h)], B is the width of the front wheel 4 of the logistics vehicle, h is the height of the center of mass of the logistics vehicle corresponding to the front frame 3.
  • the angle between the plane of the side wall of the contact block 15 close to the limiting block 14 and the plane of the side wall of the limit block 14 close to the contact block 15 is 18 °.
  • the rotating part 12 rotates relative to the rotating shaft 11, and the limiting block 14 moves relative to the rotating shaft 11 until it abuts against the abutting block 15.
  • the abutting block 15 has a limit to the limiting block 14 Due to the force, the rotating part 12 can no longer rotate relative to the rotating shaft 11 in this direction. That is, with the cooperation of the limit block 14 and the abutment block 15, the swing angle of the front vehicle part 1 relative to the rear vehicle part 2 is limited, so that the logistics vehicle is not easy to roll over due to the excessive swing angle when the logistics vehicle is swinging. The driver fell to the ground, improving driving safety.
  • Embodiment 7 differs from Embodiment 6 in order to adapt the logistics vehicle to a variety of driving habits without turning over.
  • the limit block 14 and the rotating portion 12 are Disconnect.
  • a countersunk bolt 16 is threadedly connected to the limiting block 14.
  • the countersunk bolt 16 is screwed to the rotating part 12 and embedded in the limiting block 14.
  • the center of mass of the front body 5 of the logistics vehicle after the driver sits on the logistics vehicle can be determined according to the height, weight and common driving posture of the actual driver.
  • the maximum swing of the vehicle department 2 makes the logistics vehicle have better man-machine and meet the driving habits of the driver.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)

Abstract

一种电动物流车，包括设有一个前轮（4）的前车架（3）和设有后轮（9）的后车架（8），所述后车架（8）上固定安装有转动轴（11），所述前车架（3）上设有套设于转动轴（11）外的转动部（12），所述转动部（12）内固定安装有导向部（26），所述导向部（26）内沿转动轴（11）轴向滑动连接有插销（25），所述转动轴（11）上固定安装有插接部（24），所述插接部（24）上开设有供插销（25）插入的插孔（27），插销（25）一端设有用于驱动插销（25）沿其轴向运动的锁定机构。在初始设定中，插销（25）未插入插孔（27）内，转动轴（11）可相对转动部（12）转动。在行驶过程中，若需转弯，驾驶者可通过人体的倾斜带动前车架（3）相对后车架（8）摇摆，使前车架（3）倾斜，降低了该物流车的重心，使其更灵活顺利地转弯，同时也减小了该物流车可通过的最小转弯半径，使其可应用于更多种环境。

Description

一种电动物流车 技术领域
本发明涉及物流车技术领域，具体涉及一种电动物流车。
背景技术
目前，三轮车由于具有载货方便，操作简单，价格低，质量好，经久耐用等优点，已普遍进入广大人民群众的生产生活中。如申请号为CN201420779772.5的专利，该专利公开了一种一字三轮电动平板车，包括车身、车把、前轮、后轮及车座，所述的车身的中部设置有车座，车身的前部设置有前轮及车把，车把上设置有刹车，车身的尾部设置有后轮。在三轮车行驶时，后轮为驱动轮，前轮为转向轮。
现有的三轮车前车架和后车架都是牢固地固定在一起，整车的后车架保持平稳不动，在转弯时，车辆受重心偏移的影响，车辆比较容易侧翻，为了保证后车架上载重的货物牢固不散落，对驾驶员的驾驶技术有较高要求，如果转弯角度较大或装载的货物体积较大较高，稍有不慎就可能导致翻车。因此，怎样在转弯时使三轮车的后车架保持平稳不动成为长期以来难以解决的技术难题。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种电动物流车，该物流车前车架可相对后车架摇摆，进而使后车架在转弯时保持稳定，减小翻车的可能性。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了如下技术方案：
一种电动物流车，包括设有一个前轮的前车架和设有后轮的后车架，所述后车架上固定安装有转动轴，所述前车架上设有套设于转动轴外的转动部，所述转动部内固定安装有导向部，所述导向部内沿转动轴轴向滑动连接有插销，所述转动轴上固定安装有插接部，所述插接部上开设有供插销插入的插孔，插销一端设有用于驱动插销沿其轴向运动的锁定机构。
通过采用上述技术方案，在初始设定中，插销未插入插孔内，转动轴可相对转动部转动。在行驶过程中，若需转弯，驾驶者可通过人体的倾斜带动前车架相对后车架摇摆，使前车架倾斜，降低了该三轮车的重心，使三轮车可更灵活顺利的转弯。同时也减小了该三轮车可通过的最小转弯半径，使其可应用于更多种环境。若驾驶者不习惯前车架摇摆，可通过锁定机构使插销插入插孔内。此时在插销和插孔的配合下，转动轴和转动部呈周向固定，此时前车架和后车架保持相对固定，与传统三轮车相同。可使该三轮车更符合不同人的驾驶习惯。在停车时，也可使前车架和后车架相对固定，使前车架更稳定，进而使驾驶者可更方便的下车。
本发明的进一步设置为：所述插销一端转动连接有联动杆，所述插销可相对联动杆沿联动杆长度方向滑动，所述联动杆转动连接于转动部且联动杆上远离插销一端转动连接有平行于插销的中间部，所述中间部连接有用于驱动中间部沿其轴向运动的驱动件。
通过采用上述技术方案，若驾驶者不习惯前车架摇摆，可通过驱动件驱动中间部沿轴向运动，此时联动杆在驱动件带动下转动，进而带动插销沿其轴向运动，使插销插入插孔内。此时在插销和插孔的配合下，转动轴和转动部呈周向固定，此时前车架和后车架保持相对固定，与传统三轮车相同。可使该三轮车更符合不同人的驾驶习惯。在停车时，也可使前车架和后车架相对固定，使前车架更稳定，进而使驾驶者可更方便的下车。
本发明的进一步设置为：所述中间部包括呈空心设置且固定连接于驱动件的从动部、沿从动部轴向滑动连接于从动部的连接块、位于所述连接块两侧的缓冲弹性件，所述联动杆转动连接于连接块，所述缓冲弹性件沿从动部轴向设置且两端分别抵接于从动部内壁和连接块侧壁。
通过采用上述技术方案，若需将前车架和后车架相对固定时，插销并未对准插孔，此时驱动件带动从动部运动时，从动部对联动杆的力传递给连接块，连接块相对从动部滑动，缓冲弹性件可起到缓冲的作用。防止驾驶者在不清楚插销没对准插孔的情况下，一直通过驱动件驱动从动部运动，导致插销对插接部有过度的抵压力，减小了插销和插接部损伤的可能的。此时缓冲弹性件累积有弹性势能。当前车架摆正，插销对准插孔后，插销可在累积有弹性势能的缓冲弹性件推动下插入插孔内，使前车架和后车架相对固定。从而可更方便的固定前车架和后车架。
本发明的进一步设置为：所述插销一端转动连接有联动杆，所述联动杆上远离插销一端设有平行于插销的中间部，所述中间部上开设有第一补偿槽，所述联动杆一端嵌设于第一补偿槽内且转动连接于第一补偿槽，所述转动部内转动连接有用于驱动中间部沿其轴向滑动的摆臂组件，所述摆臂组件一端设有用于驱动摆臂组件转动的驱动机构。
通过采用上述技术方案，开始时，插销插入在插孔内，此时被摇摆机构连接在一起的前车架和后车架呈固定连接。若需驾驶，则可通过驱动机构驱动摆臂组件摆动，此时摆臂组件对中间部有一个使中间部沿中间部长度方向滑动的驱动力，中间部沿轴向运动，驱动联动杆转动，进而驱动插销沿其轴向运动，离开插孔，此时转动部可相对转动轴转动。在驾驶过程中若需转弯，驾驶者可通过控制身体的倾斜改变前车架的重心，进而带动前车架相对后车架转动，减小了最小转弯半径，使转弯更轻松，且可使后车架保持稳定，减小了翻车的可能性。
本发明的进一步设置为：所述联动杆靠近中间部一端固定设有转动圆盘，所述第一补偿槽包括沿中间轴向开设于中间部外壁的滑槽和开设于滑槽底面的转动槽，所述联动杆嵌设于滑槽内滑动连接于滑槽，所述转动圆盘嵌设于转动槽内且转动连接于转动槽，所述转动圆抵接于转动槽侧壁。
通过采用上述技术方案，中间部沿其轴向运动时，通过转动槽侧壁抵接转动圆盘，进而带动转动圆盘沿中间部轴向运动，进而使联动杆在中间部的带动下转动，不需再引入额外的销、轴，减小了零件成本。同时也减少了该摇摆机构在装配时所需装配步骤和零件，提高了装配效率。
本发明的进一步设置为：所述中间部内沿其轴向开设有容纳槽，所述容纳槽沿中间部轴向设有两个且分别位于转动槽两侧，所述容纳槽连通转动槽，所述转动圆盘两侧设有缓冲弹性件，所述缓冲弹性件沿中间部轴向设置且两端分别抵接于中间部内壁和转动圆盘侧壁。
通过采用上述技术方案，若需将转动部和转动轴相对固定时，插销并未对准插孔，此时驱动机构带动中间部运动 时，中间部对转动圆盘的力传递给缓冲弹性件，缓冲弹性件可起到缓冲的作用。防止驾驶者在不清楚插销没对准插孔的情况下，一直通过驱动机构驱动中间部运动，导致插销对插接部有过度的抵压力，减小了插销和插接部损伤的可能的。此时缓冲弹性件累积有弹性势能。当前车架摆正，插销对准插孔后，插销可在累积有弹性势能的缓冲弹性件推动下插入插孔内，使前车架和后车架相对固定。从而可更方便的使前车架可在相对后车架固定和相对后车架摇摆两种状态之间转换。
本发明的进一步设置为：所述中间部上开设有第二补偿槽，所述摆臂组件包括第一摆臂、第二摆臂、用于连接第一摆臂和第二摆臂的连接轴，所述第一摆臂嵌设于第二补偿槽内且滑动连接于第二补偿槽，所述连接轴穿过转动部且转动连接于转动部，所述第二摆臂连接于驱动机构。
通过采用上述技术方案，通过第二补偿槽使摆臂组件摆动时，中间部沿其长度方向运动。通过连接轴将第二摆臂引到转动部外，可更方便规划放置驱动机构的空间，减小了转动部的体积。
本发明的进一步设置为：所述驱动机构包括拉线和回位弹簧，所述拉线一端转动连接于第二摆臂且另一端位于前车身靠近人体一侧，所述拉线滑动连接于前车身；所述回位弹簧两端分别连接于转动部和中间部，当所述回位弹簧呈自然状态时，所述插销位于插孔外。
通过采用上述技术方案，可通过拉线带动第二摆臂转动，进而带动第一摆臂转动，使中间部沿其长度方向运动，实现插销插入插孔，此时回位弹簧被压缩。在上述操作中，不再需要引入其他的电子元器件或额外的驱动件即可带动中间部沿其轴向运动，减小了制作成本，同时操作方便。若需使转动部可相对转动轴转动，可不再对拉线施力，此时中间部在回位弹簧复位，使插销离开插孔，使前车架可相对后车架摇摆。
本发明的进一步设置为：还包括转动连接于前车身处的翻板，所述翻板对应驾驶者前胸部，所述拉线远离第二摆臂一端转动连接于翻板。
通过采用上述技术方案，通过转动翻板拉动拉线，使拉线稳定摆臂组件带动中间部运动压缩回位弹簧的状态，不需要一直用手拉着。进而使前车架和后车架可更稳定的保持固定，使应用该摇摆机构的三轮车适用于多种驾驶习惯的人。同时翻板对应驾驶者前胸部，使人可更方便的对翻板进行操作，符合人机优化设计。
本发明的进一步设置为：所述转动部内壁固定连接有用于限位抵接块相对转动部运动的限位块，每块所述抵接块对应至少一块限位块，所述抵接块靠近限位块一侧侧壁所处平面和限位块靠近抵接块一侧侧壁所处平面之间的夹角为18°
通过采用上述技术方案，在前车架摇摆的过程中，转动部相对转动轴转动，限位块相对转动轴运动直至其抵接于抵接块，抵接块对限位块有一限位力，使转动部无法再沿该方向相对转动轴转动。即在限位块和抵接块的配合下，前车架可相对后车架的摇摆角度有限，进而使该物流车摇摆时不易由于摇摆角度过大而导致车身侧翻，使驾驶者倒地，提高了驾驶的安全性。
当限位角度为18°时，设定驾驶者身高一米九且坐于该物流车上，若在停车时没有使前车架和后车架固定，前 车架相对后车架摇摆该角度，物流车整车依旧处于稳定状态，不会侧翻。同时驾驶员也可通过自身身体的摇摆将前车架摆动回平行后车架的状态，不需要使用脚支撑地面，提高了安全性。
本发明具有以下优点：1、使前车架可相对后车架摆动，减小了三轮车的最小转弯半径，使三轮车可更灵活的转弯；2、在摇摆后，该摇摆机构中的转动部可自动回正，使三轮车可更方便操控；3、使三轮车的前车架可在相对后车架固定和相对后车架摇摆两种工况中调节，适用于多种驾驶习惯的驾驶者；4、符合人机原理，使驾驶者可轻松的调节前车架是否可相对后车架摆动。
附图说明
图1为实施例一的结构示意图；
图2为实施例一中转动轴和转动轴处的结构示意图；
图3为实施例二中转动轴和转动轴处的结构示意图；
图4为实施例二中弹性阻尼件处的剖视图；
图5为实施例三中锁定机构处的结构示意图；
图6为图5中A处的放大图；
图7为实施例四中缓冲弹性件处的结构示意图；
图8为实施例五中转动轴和转动轴处的结构示意图；
图9为实施例五中转动圆盘处的结构示意图；
图10为图9中B处的放大图；
图11为实施例五中第一摆臂处的结构示意图；
图12为实施例五中转动部、转动轴和拉线的结构示意图；
图13为实施例五的结构示意图；
图14为图13中C处的放大图；
图15为实施例六的结构示意图；
图16为实施例七的结构示意图。
附图标记：1、前车部；2、后车部；3、前车架；4、前轮；5、前车身；6、把手；7、座椅；8、后车架；9、后轮；10、后车身；11、转动轴；12、转动部；13、轴承；14、限位块；15、抵接块；16、沉头螺栓；17、抵接部；18、容纳腔；19、弹性阻尼件；20、凸块；21、光杆部；22、花键部；23、第一连接套；24、插接部；25、插销；26、导向部；27、插孔；28、第二连接套；29、遮附套；30、加强筋；31、联动杆；32、中间部；33、驱动件；34、限位轴；35、限位座；36、第一补偿槽；37、第一转轴；38、延伸板；39、第二转轴；40、从动部；41、连接块；42、缓冲弹性件；43、导向轴；44、摆臂组件；45、驱动机构；46、安装座；47、安装螺栓；48、转动圆盘；49、第二补偿槽；50、滑槽；51、转动槽；52、容纳槽；53、第一摆臂；54、第二摆臂；55、连接轴；56、拉线；57、回位弹簧；58、 翻板；59、第三补偿槽。
具体实施方式
实施例一：
如图1所示，一种方便过弯的前单轮物流车，包括前车部1和后车部2。前车部1包括前车架3、前轮4和前车身5，前轮4转动连接于前车架3，前车身5固定安装于前车架3上方，前车身5远离后车部2一端设有用于控制方向的把手6。前车身5中部安装有座椅7。后车部2包括后车架8、后轮9和后车身10，后轮9设有两个且同轴转动连接于后车架8，前轮4和后轮9形成三角支撑。
如图2所示，为了方便该电动三轮车转弯，后车架8靠近前车架3一端固定安装有转动轴11，转动轴11外转动套设有转动部12，转动部12固定安装于前车架3。转动部12和转动轴11之间设有轴承13，轴承13设有两个且分别位于转动部12两端，轴承13内圈固定连接于转动轴11，轴承13外圈固定连接于连接部内壁。
在物流车转弯的过程中，驾驶者可通过倾斜自身身体，来改变前车身5的重心，进而驱动转动部12相对转动轴11转动，实现前车身5相对后车身10的摇摆，使三轮车可更灵活顺利的转弯。同时也减小了该三轮车可通过的最小转弯半径，使其可应用于更多种环境。
实施例二：
实施例二基于实施例一的基础，如图3和图4所示，为了方便前车身5回正，转动轴11外壁沿其周向设有若干个抵接部17，两个相邻抵接部17之间形成容纳腔18，容纳腔18内设有弹性阻尼件19，且弹性阻尼件19抵接于容纳腔18内壁。弹性阻尼件19固定连接于转动部12。具体的，弹性阻尼件19由弹性橡胶制成，且弹性阻尼件19两端分别设有凸块20，凸块20嵌设于转动部12内，进而使弹性阻尼件19固定连接于转动部12。
在前车架3相对后车架8摆动的过程中，转动部12相对转动轴11转动，此时弹性阻尼件19收到沿切线的推动力，使弹性阻尼件19累积弹性势能。进而在驾驶者需要回正前车部1时只需摆正自身，转动部12在弹性阻尼件19的弹性势能下相对转动轴11转动，回位至平行于后车部2的位置，使驾驶体验感更好。
为了可更方便的使抵接部17安装在转动轴11上，连接轴55包括光杆部21和花键部22，光杆部21固定连接于后车架8。转动轴11的花键部22外套设有第一连接套23，所有抵接部17均固定连接于第一连接套23且与第一连接套23一体成型，成型方式可为铸造或机加工。第一连接套23内设有与花键部22配合的内花键。通过花键配合使第一连接套23和转动轴11周向限位，进而使转动部12相对转动轴11转动时，弹性阻尼件19和抵接部17相对运动，使弹性阻尼件19被压缩。
实施例三：
实施例三基于实施例二的基础，如图5所示，然而摇摆也会带来一些问题，在物流车未行驶时，前车部1可相对后车部2摇摆不方便驾驶者上车。为了方便不同的驾驶需求，转动轴11上固定安装有插接部24，插接部24上开设有插孔27。转动部12内固定安装有导向部26，导向部26内沿转动轴11轴向滑动连接有插销25。插销25一端连接有用 于驱动插销25沿其轴向运动，使插销25插入或离开插孔27的锁定机构。
通过锁定机构使插销25插入插孔27后，导向部26相对插接部24周向固定，故转动部12相对转动轴11周向固定，此时前车部1无法摆动，可符合一部分人的驾驶习惯。且前车部1无法摆动，也可使三轮车更稳定的停车在某一地方。
实施例四：
实施例四基于实施例三的基础：如图5所示，锁定机构包括转动连接于插销25的联动杆31、转动连接于联动杆31的中间部32和用于驱动中间部32沿插销25轴向运动的驱动件33。联动杆31还转动连接于导向部26，该转动点位于中间部32和插销25之间。中间部32两端沿其轴向均至少设有一个限位轴34，转动部12内固定安装有限位座35，限位轴34穿过限位座35且滑动连接于限位座35。驱动件33可为推进电机、丝杠组等。在需切换状态时，驱动件33带动中间部32沿其轴向运动，此时联动杆31在中间部32的带动下转动，进而带动插销25沿插销25的长度方向运动，实现插销25插入插孔27或从插孔27拔出。实现前车部1在相对后车部2固定和可相对后车部2摇摆两种状态之间切换。
如图6所示，联动杆31靠近插销25一端沿其长度方向开设有第一补偿槽36，第一补偿槽36连通联动杆31一端，插销25上转动连接有第一转轴37，第一转轴37滑动嵌设于第一补偿槽36内且转动连接于第一补偿槽36。导向部26一侧固定安装有延伸板38。联动杆31中部插设有第二转轴39，且联动杆31转动连接于第二转轴39。第二转轴39插入延伸板38且固定连接于延伸板38和导向部26。从而确保在中间部32驱动联动杆31转动时，联动杆31可绕第二转轴39转动，且提供给插销25使插销25沿其轴向运动的驱动力。
为了在看不见插销25和插孔27位置的情况下，也使插销25顺利插入插孔27内，如图10所示，中间部32包括呈空心设置且固定连接于驱动件33的从动部40、沿从动部40轴向滑动连接于从动部40的连接块41、位于连接块41两侧的缓冲弹性件42。联动杆31转动连接于连接块41。连接块41两侧沿从动部40轴向均设有导向轴43，缓冲弹性件42为弹簧，两个缓冲弹性件42分别套设于两个导向轴43外。缓冲弹性件42沿从动部40轴向设置且两端分别抵接于从动部40内壁和连接块41侧壁。
如图6和图7所示，若需将前车部1和后车部2相对固定时，插销25并未对准插孔27，此时驱动件33带动从动部40运动时，从动部40对联动杆31的力传递给连接块41，连接块41相对从动部40滑动，其中一个缓冲弹性件42被压缩。然后相对后车部2摆动前车部1，直到摆动至插销25对准插孔27后，在缓冲弹性件42的作用下，插销25自动插入插孔27内，完成了前车部1的锁定。使前车部1和后车部2相对固定，操作方便。
该物流车在前车部1可相对后车部2转动和前车部1相对后车部2固定两种状态切换时的工作原理如下：
若驾驶者不喜欢前车部1摇摆或需停车时，可通过驱动件33驱动中间部32沿其长度方向运动，此时若插销25处于对准插孔27的状态，从动部40和连接块41同步运动，联动杆31转动进而驱动插销25沿其轴向运动，插入插孔27内，使转动部12相对转动轴11周向固定，完成前车部1和后车部2的锁定；
若插销25未对准插孔27，在从动部40运动时，连接块41相对从动部40运动压缩一侧的缓冲弹性件42，在缓冲弹性件42的作用下，插销25抵接于插接部24一侧；然后相对后车部2摆动前车部1，直至运动到插销25对准插孔27，在缓冲弹性件42的作用下，插销25被推入插孔27，完成前车部1和后车部2的锁定。
实施例五：
实施例五和实施例四的区别在于，锁定机构不同。如图8所示，锁定机构包括转动连接于插销25的联动杆31、转动连接于联动杆31的中间部32、用于驱动中间部32沿插销25轴向运动的摆臂组件44、用于驱动摆臂组件44转动的驱动机构45。转动部12内固定安装有安装座46。联动杆31上穿设有安装螺栓47，安装螺栓47位于插销25和中间部32之间。安装螺栓47螺纹连接于安装座46且固定连接于安装座46，联动杆31转动连接于安装螺栓47。
如图9所示，联动杆31靠近中间部32一端固定设有转动圆盘48。如图10所示，中间部32上开设有第二补偿槽49，第二补偿槽49包括滑槽50和转动槽51，滑槽50沿中间部32轴向开设于中间部32外壁，转动槽51开设于滑槽50底面。联动杆31嵌设于滑槽50内滑动连接于滑槽50，转动圆盘48嵌设于转动槽51内且转动连接于转动槽51，转动圆盘48抵接于转动槽51侧壁。如图12所示，中间部32两端沿其轴向均至少设有一个限位轴34，转动部12内固定安装有限位座35，限位轴34穿过限位座35且滑动连接于限位座35。
如图8所示，驱动机构45带动摆臂组件44转动，使中间部32沿插销25轴向运动时，转动圆盘48在中间部32的带动下相对中间部32转动，且沿中间部32轴向方向运动。此时联动杆31绕安装螺栓47转动，进而给予插销25一个沿其轴向的驱动力，实现插销25插入插孔27或从插孔27拔出。使前车部1在相对后车部2固定和可相对后车部2摇摆两种状态之间切换。
如图9和图10所示，为了在看不见插销25和插孔27位置的情况下，也使插销25顺利插入插孔27内，中间部32内沿其轴向开设有容纳槽52，容纳槽52沿中间部32轴向设有两个且分别位于转动槽51两侧。容纳槽52连通转动槽51，转动圆盘48两侧沿中间部32轴向均设有导向轴43，导向轴43位于容纳槽52内且抵接于转动圆盘48。导向轴43外套设有缓冲弹性件42，缓冲弹性件42为弹簧。缓冲弹性件42靠近转动圆盘48一端固定连接于导向轴43，且另一端抵接于容纳槽52端壁。
若需将前车部1和后车部2相对固定时，插销25并未对准插孔27，此时驱动机构45带动摆臂组件44转动，使中间部32沿轴向运动，中间部32对联动杆31的力传递给导向轴43，导向轴43相对中间部32滑动，其中一个缓冲弹性件42被压缩。然后相对后车部2摆动前车部1，直到摆动至插销25对准插孔27后，在缓冲弹性件42的作用下，插销25自动插入插孔27内，完成了前车部1的锁定。使前车部1和后车部2相对固定，操作方便。
如图11所示，为了方便驱动机构45的安装，减小摇摆机构的体积，中间部32上开设有第三补偿槽59。摆臂组件44包括第一摆臂53、第二摆臂54、用于连接第一摆臂53和第二摆臂54的连接轴55。第一摆臂53嵌设于第三补偿槽59内且滑动连接于第三补偿槽59，连接轴55穿过转动部12且转动连接于转动部12，第二摆臂54连接于驱动机构45。通过连接轴55将驱动机构45引出转动部12外，进而有更大的空间可安装驱动机构45，方便设计。
如图11和图12所示，驱动机构45包括拉线56和回位弹簧57。如图13和图14所示，前车身5处转动连接有一翻板58。如图14和15所示，拉线56一端转动连接于第二摆臂54且另一端转动连接与翻板58，拉线56呈张紧状态。通过转动翻板58，来带动拉线56运动，从而驱使第二摆臂54转动，最终实现插销25插入插孔27的动作。回位弹簧57两端分别连接于转动部12和中间部32，当回位弹簧57呈自然状态时，所述插销25位于插孔27外，翻板58抵接于前车身5。
该物流车在前车部1可相对后车部2转动和前车部1相对后车部2固定两种状态切换时的工作原理如下：
1、在日常驾驶过程中，插销25未插入插孔27内，转动部12可相对转动轴11转动；在过弯时，驾驶者可通过倾斜身体来改变前车部1的重心，从而使前车部1相对后车部2摇摆，且后车部2相对保持稳定，因为转弯时的离心力由前车部1消化，以此让三轮车可灵活顺利的转弯；
2、若驾驶者不喜欢前车部1摇摆或需停车时，可转动翻板58使翻板58离开前车身5，在翻板58转动的过程中通过拉线56带动第二摆臂54转动，在连接轴55的传力下带动第一摆臂53转动，第一摆臂53转动时可带动中间部32沿朝向前车架3一侧运动，此时回位弹簧57呈压缩状态；中间部32运动时带动联动杆31绕安装螺栓47转动，此时联动杆31带动插销25沿其轴向运动，插入插孔27内，使转动部12相对转动轴11周向固定，完成前车部1和后车部2的锁定；
若插销25未对准插孔27，在中间部32运动时，导向轴43相对中间部32滑动，其中一个缓冲弹性件42被压缩，在缓冲弹性件42的作用下，插销25抵接于插接部24一侧；然后相对后车部2摆动前车部1，直至运动到插销25对准插孔27，在缓冲弹性件42的作用下，插销25被推入插孔27，完成前车部1和后车部2的锁定；
3、当需使前车部1可相对后车部2运动时，可转动翻板58，使翻板58抵接于车身，此时拉线56松弛下来失去对第二摆臂54的拉力，中间部32在回位弹簧57的作用下朝向后车架8运动，使拉线56恢复了张紧状态；且在中间部32运动时，联动杆31转动来带动插销25离开插孔27，使转动部12可相对转动轴11转动，最终实现前车部1相对后车部2摇摆。
实施例六：
实施例六基于实施例二的基础，为了防止前车过度摇摆导致该物流车侧翻，如图15所示，转动轴11上沿其径向固定安装有抵接块15，转动部12内壁固定连接有用于限位抵接块15相对转动部12运动的限位块14，每块抵接块15对应一块限位块14。当抵接块15抵接于限位块14时，抵接块15和限位块14呈面面接触。
抵接块15靠近限位块14一侧侧壁所处平面和限位块14靠近抵接块15一侧侧壁所处平面之间的夹角小于arctan[B/(2*h)]，B为物流车前轮4轮宽，h为前车架3对应的物流车部位的质心高度。具体的，抵接块15靠近限位块14一侧侧壁所处平面和限位块14靠近抵接块15一侧侧壁所处平面之间的夹角为18°。
在前车部1架摇摆的过程中，转动部12相对转动轴11转动，限位块14相对转动轴11运动直至其抵接于抵接块15，抵接块15对限位块14有一限位力，使转动部12无法再沿该方向相对转动轴11转动。即在限位块14和抵接块15 的配合下，前车部1可相对后车部2的摇摆角度有限，进而使该物流车摇摆时不易由于摇摆角度过大而导致车身侧翻，使驾驶者倒地，提高了驾驶的安全性。
实施例七：
实施例七和实施例六的区别在于：如图16所示，为了使该物流车在不侧翻的前提下，适应于多种驾驶者的使用习惯，限位块14和转动部12呈可拆卸连接。限位块14上螺纹连接有一沉头螺栓16，沉头螺栓16螺纹连接于转动部12且嵌设于限位块14内。
可根据实际驾驶者的身高、体重、常用驾驶坐姿来确定驾驶者坐上该物流车后物流车前车身5的质心，根据质心位置来更换限位块14大小，进而调节前车部1相对后车部2最大的摇摆幅度，使该物流车拥有更好的人机，符合驾驶员的驾驶习惯。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，本发明的保护范围并不仅局限于上述实施例，凡属于本发明思路下的技术方案均属于本发明的保护范围。应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理前提下的若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电动物流车，包括设有一个前轮(4)的前车架(3)和设有后轮(9)的后车架(8)，其特征是：所述后车架(8)上固定安装有转动轴(11)，所述前车架(3)上设有套设于转动轴(11)外的转动部(12)，所述转动部(12)内固定安装有导向部(26)，所述导向部(26)内沿转动轴(11)轴向滑动连接有插销(25)，所述转动轴(11)上固定安装有插接部(24)，所述插接部(24)上开设有供插销(25)插入的插孔(27)，插销(25)一端设有用于驱动插销(25)沿其轴向运动的锁定机构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电动物流车，其特征是：所述插销(25)一端转动连接有联动杆(31)，所述插销(25)可相对联动杆(31)沿联动杆(31)长度方向滑动，所述联动杆(31)转动连接于转动部(12)且联动杆(31)上远离插销(25)一端转动连接有平行于插销(25)的中间部(32)，所述中间部(32)连接有用于驱动中间部(32)沿其轴向运动的驱动件(33)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种电动物流车，其特征是：所述中间部(32)包括呈空心设置且固定连接于驱动件(33)的从动部(40)、沿从动部(40)轴向滑动连接于从动部(40)的连接块(41)、位于所述连接块(41)两侧的缓冲弹性件(42)，所述联动杆(31)转动连接于连接块(41)，所述缓冲弹性件(42)沿从动部(40)轴向设置且两端分别抵接于从动部(40)内壁和连接块(41)侧壁。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种电动物流车，其特征是：所述插销(25)一端转动连接有联动杆(31)，所述联动杆(31)上远离插销(25)一端设有平行于插销(25)的中间部(32)，所述中间部(32)上开设有第一补偿槽(36)，所述联动杆(31)一端嵌设于第一补偿槽(36)内且转动连接于第一补偿槽(36)，所述转动部(12)内转动连接有用于驱动中间部(32)沿其轴向滑动的摆臂组件(44)，所述摆臂组件(44)一端设有用于驱动摆臂组件(44)转动的驱动机构(45)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种电动物流车，其特征是：所述联动杆(31)靠近中间部(32)一端固定设有转动圆盘(48)，所述第一补偿槽(36)包括沿中间轴向开设于中间部(32)外壁的滑槽(50)和开设于滑槽(50)底面的转动槽(51)，所述联动杆(31)嵌设于滑槽(50)内滑动连接于滑槽(50)，所述转动圆盘(48)嵌设于转动槽(51)内且转动连接于转动槽(51)，所述转动圆抵接于转动槽(51)侧壁。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种电动物流车，其特征是：所述中间部(32)内沿其轴向开设有容纳槽(52)，所述容纳槽(52)沿中间部(32)轴向设有两个且分别位于转动槽(51)两侧，所述容纳槽(52)连通转动槽(51)，所述转动圆盘(48)两侧设有缓冲弹性件(42)，所述缓冲弹性件(42)沿中间部(32)轴向设置且两端分别抵接于中间部(32)内壁和转动圆盘(48)侧壁。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种电动物流车，其特征是：所述中间部(32)上开设有第二补偿槽(49)，所述摆臂组件(44)包括第一摆臂(53)、第二摆臂(54)、用于连接第一摆臂(53)和第二摆臂(54)的连接轴(55)，所述第一摆臂(53)嵌设于第二补偿槽(49)内且滑动连接于第二补偿槽(49)，所述 连接轴(55)穿过转动部(12)且转动连接于转动部(12)，所述第二摆臂(54)连接于驱动机构(45)。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种电动物流车，其特征是：所述驱动机构(45)包括拉线(56)和回位弹簧(57)，所述拉线(56)一端转动连接于第二摆臂(54)且另一端位于前车身(5)靠近人体一侧，所述拉线(56)滑动连接于前车身(5)；所述回位弹簧(57)两端分别连接于转动部(12)和中间部(32)，当所述回位弹簧(57)呈自然状态时，所述插销(25)位于插孔(27)外。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种电动物流车，其特征是：还包括转动连接于前车身(5)处的翻板(58)，所述翻板(58)对应驾驶者前胸部，所述拉线(56)远离第二摆臂(54)一端转动连接于翻板(58)。
  10. 根据权利要求2或4所述的一种电动物流车，其特征是：所述转动部(12)内壁固定连接有用于限位抵接块(15)相对转动部(12)运动的限位块(14)，每块所述抵接块(15)对应至少一块限位块(14)，所述抵接块(15)靠近限位块(14)一侧侧壁所处平面和限位块(14)靠近抵接块(15)一侧侧壁所处平面之间的夹角为18°。
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WO2000046057A1 (en) * 1999-02-08 2000-08-10 The Toro Company Articulating vehicle
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TWI617483B (zh) * 2017-06-06 2018-03-11 立淵機械股份有限公司 多連桿式車輛傾斜回正機構
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CN109466674A (zh) * 2018-09-21 2019-03-15 浙江睿璞智能汽车股份有限公司 一种用于电动物流车的手动控制式车身摇摆机构

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CN2344265Y (zh) * 1998-06-10 1999-10-20 南京通用电力车船有限公司 防侧翻三轮车
WO2000046057A1 (en) * 1999-02-08 2000-08-10 The Toro Company Articulating vehicle
TWM550707U (zh) * 2017-06-06 2017-10-21 Li Yuan Machinery Co Ltd 多連桿式車輛傾斜回正機構
TWI617483B (zh) * 2017-06-06 2018-03-11 立淵機械股份有限公司 多連桿式車輛傾斜回正機構
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