WO2020083393A1 - 电源的过温保护电路、方法及系统 - Google Patents

电源的过温保护电路、方法及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020083393A1
WO2020083393A1 PCT/CN2019/113425 CN2019113425W WO2020083393A1 WO 2020083393 A1 WO2020083393 A1 WO 2020083393A1 CN 2019113425 W CN2019113425 W CN 2019113425W WO 2020083393 A1 WO2020083393 A1 WO 2020083393A1
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Prior art keywords
protection
unit
switch
switch unit
protection circuit
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PCT/CN2019/113425
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
谢长江
巩雷
杨银华
杨国科
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2020083393A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020083393A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H5/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection
    • H02H5/04—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal non-electric working conditions with or without subsequent reconnection responsive to abnormal temperature

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of power supply equipment, and in particular, to an over-temperature protection circuit, method and system of a power supply.
  • the system equipment is powered by the power supply.
  • the power supply is usually designed with abnormal protection such as overcurrent protection and short circuit protection.
  • the overcurrent protection has a fuse or other fuse device at the input end.
  • the power supply fails, the fuse or other fuse device is disconnected in time to protect the power supply and prevent the fault from expanding.
  • the power supply When the power supply is abnormal, the power supply generally starts over current protection, short circuit protection, over temperature protection, etc. to protect the power supply and prevent the fault from expanding.
  • the power supply needs to be restarted to protect the power supply and ensure personal safety.
  • the current power supply protection schemes are mainly over-temperature protection and over-current protection.
  • the two protection schemes are as follows: Over-temperature protection scheme 1: Detect the temperature of the switch tube, control the fuse unit, and fuse insurance (see Figure 1a).
  • the switch temperature detection unit 3 detects the temperature of the switch unit 2 and sends it to the fuse unit 1, and the fuse unit 1 is disconnected to realize the power supply self protection.
  • the current of the fuse unit 1 is small, and the current does not reach the condition of fusing.
  • the fuse unit 1 cannot be disconnected in time.
  • the first disadvantage of the solution is that it cannot protect itself in time when the power supply is abnormal.
  • Overcurrent protection scheme 2 Detect the power supply current, control the fuse unit, and fuse insurance (see Figure 1b).
  • the current detection unit 2 detects the current and sends it to the control unit 3 to control the fuse unit 1 to be disconnected to realize power supply self-protection.
  • the shortcoming of scheme two is that the current of the fuse unit 1 is small, the current does not reach the condition of fusing, the fuse unit 1 cannot be fused in time, and it cannot protect itself in time when the power supply is abnormal.
  • the fuse unit 1 cannot be disconnected in time.
  • the power supply is abnormal, it cannot protect itself in time, and the reliability of the power supply is low.
  • the above two protection schemes cannot meet the power supply reliability requirements.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an over-temperature protection circuit, method, and system for a power supply, so as to at least solve the problem that the switch unit in the related art cannot be disconnected in time, resulting in unreliable power supply protection.
  • an over-temperature protection circuit for a power supply which includes a power input unit, a load unit, a switching unit, and a fuse unit connected in series, and the protection circuit further includes a protection switching unit, wherein the A protection switch unit is connected in parallel with the load unit and the switch unit and the protection switch unit is connected in series with the fuse unit and the power input unit; a first protection unit, wherein the first protection unit and the protection The switch unit is connected and configured to control the protection switch unit according to the state of the protection circuit.
  • the first protection unit controls the protection switch unit to be turned on when the state of the protection circuit satisfies a preset condition.
  • the state of the protection circuit satisfies a preset condition to indicate that the protection circuit is abnormal.
  • an over-temperature protection method for a power supply which is applied to the over-temperature protection circuit of the power supply according to any one of the above, the method includes: using the first protection unit Control the protection switch unit according to the state of the protection circuit, the first protection unit controls the protection switch unit to be turned on when the state of the protection circuit satisfies a preset condition, and the state of the protection circuit satisfies The preset condition is used to characterize that the protection circuit is abnormal.
  • an over-temperature protection system for a power supply including the over-temperature protection circuit of the power supply according to any one of the above.
  • the protection switch unit since the protection switch unit is turned on after an abnormality in the protection circuit is detected, the power input unit, the protection switch unit, and the fuse unit form a protection loop, so that the fuse unit can be quickly disconnected.
  • the middle switch unit cannot be disconnected in time, which leads to the problem of unreliable power supply protection, and the effect of effectively protecting the power supply is achieved.
  • Figure 1a is a schematic diagram of the structure of an over-temperature protection circuit in the related art
  • Figure 1b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the overcurrent protection circuit in the related art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an over-temperature protection circuit of a power supply according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for overtemperature protection of a power supply according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram 1 of an over-temperature protection circuit of a power supply according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a second schematic structural view of an over-temperature protection circuit of a power supply according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram 3 of an over-temperature protection circuit of a power supply according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram 4 of an over-temperature protection circuit of a power supply according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram 5 of an over-temperature protection circuit of a power supply according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 is a sixth structural diagram of an over-temperature protection circuit of a power supply according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an over-temperature protection circuit for a power supply, as shown in FIG. 2, which includes a power input unit 21, a load unit 22, a switching unit 23, and a fuse unit 24 connected in series
  • the protection circuit further includes: a protection switch unit 25, wherein the protection switch unit 25 is connected in parallel with the load unit 22 and the switch unit 23 and the protection switch unit 23 is connected in series with the fuse unit 24 and the power input unit 21;
  • the protection circuit further includes: a first protection Unit 26, wherein the first protection unit 26 is connected to the protection switch unit 25, and is configured to control the protection switch unit 25 according to the state of the protection circuit, and the first protection unit 26 controls the protection switch when the state of the protection circuit satisfies a preset condition
  • the unit 25 is turned on, and the state of the protection circuit satisfies the preset condition for indicating that the protection circuit is abnormal.
  • the protection switch unit 25 since the protection switch unit 25 is turned on after the abnormality of the protection circuit is detected, the power input unit 21, the protection switch unit 25, and the fuse unit 24 form a protection circuit, so that the fuse unit 24 can be quickly disconnected, so It can solve the problem that the switch unit 23 in the related art cannot be turned off in time, resulting in unreliable power supply protection, and the effect of effectively protecting the power supply is achieved.
  • the first protection unit 26 in the over-temperature protection circuit controls the protection switch unit 25 to be turned on when the state of the protection circuit satisfies the preset condition, including: when the temperature of the switch unit 23 exceeds When the first threshold is preset, the first protection unit 26 controls the protection switch unit 25 to turn on so that the power input unit 21, the protection switch unit 23, and the fuse unit 24 form a protection circuit, wherein the current value in the protection circuit is greater than Before the switch unit 25 is turned on, the current value in the protection circuit is protected. After the protection switch unit 25 is turned on, the fuse unit 24 is disconnected, and the power input unit 21 stops supplying power.
  • the above-mentioned over-temperature protection circuit further includes: a second protection unit, wherein the second protection unit is connected to the switch unit and is configured to control the switch unit according to the state of the protection circuit. Before turning on, when it is detected that the parameter of the protection circuit exceeds a preset parameter threshold, the second protection unit controls the switching unit to be turned off.
  • the second protection unit when it is detected that the parameter of the protection circuit exceeds a preset parameter threshold, controls the switch unit to be turned off, including: when it is detected that the temperature of the switch unit 23 exceeds the preset At the second threshold, the second protection unit controls the switching unit 23 to be turned off.
  • first threshold may be greater than or equal to the second threshold, which can form double protection and improve the reliability of power protection.
  • the protective switch unit 25 includes one or more protective switches, wherein when the protective switch unit 25 includes multiple protective switches, the multiple protective switches are connected in parallel.
  • the fuse unit 24 includes at least one disconnect device connected in series in the protection circuit.
  • the structure of the fuse unit 24 includes: a plurality of disconnect devices are connected in series Between the load unit 22 and the first end of the power input unit 21 and the second end of the power input unit 21.
  • the plurality of disconnecting devices include a power switch configured to control power supply to the power input unit 21.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an over-temperature protection circuit for a power supply, including a power input unit 1 (equivalent to the power input unit 21 in the above embodiment), and an over-temperature protection unit 2 (equivalent to the above The first protection unit 26 in the embodiment), the switch conduction unit 3 (equivalent to the protection switch unit 25 in the above embodiment), the fuse unit 4 (equivalent to the fuse unit 24 in the above embodiment), and the abnormality detection control unit 5 (equivalent to the second protection unit in the above embodiment), load unit 6 (equivalent to the load unit 22 in the above embodiment), and switch unit 7 (equivalent to the switch unit 23 in the above embodiment).
  • the power input unit 1, the load unit 6, the switch unit 7, and the fuse unit 4 are connected in series
  • the switch conduction unit 3 is connected in parallel with the load unit 6 and the switch unit 7, and is connected in series with the fuse unit 4
  • the over-temperature protection unit 2 is connected with the switch
  • the communication unit 3 is connected
  • the abnormality detection control unit 5 is connected to the switch unit 7.
  • the abnormality detection control unit 5 sends a control signal to the switch unit 7.
  • the switch unit 7 should be opened at this time, but the temperature is too high
  • the control of the switch unit 7 is disabled, and the switch unit 7 cannot be effectively disconnected.
  • the temperature of the switch unit 7 continues to rise, and the continuously rising temperature can be very dangerous.
  • the over-temperature protection unit 2 detects that the temperature of the switch unit 7 reaches or exceeds the set value again, the over-temperature protection unit 2 sends a control signal to the switch unit 7, and after the switch unit 7 receives the signal, the switch unit 7 is turned on.
  • the switch unit 7 After the switch unit 7 is turned on, the power input unit 1, the switch unit 7, and the fuse unit 4 form a loop, and a large current instantly flows through the fuse unit 4, the fuse unit 4 is disconnected, the power input power supply is cut off, and the power supply cannot be continued, and the power supply realizes itself protection. Solve the problem that the power supply cannot be effectively protected when the power supply is abnormal, and improve the reliability of the power supply.
  • the switch 1 is equivalent to the switch-on unit 3 in the above optional embodiment 1
  • the switch 2 is equivalent to the switch unit 7 in the above-mentioned optional embodiment 1
  • the disconnecting device is connected in series between the power input and the switch Between 2
  • the fuse unit 4 in the first optional embodiment described above.
  • the rest of the structure is the same as that in the above-mentioned optional embodiment 1, which will not be repeated here.
  • the temperature of switch 2 continues to rise, and the rising temperature will be very dangerous.
  • the over-temperature protection sends a control signal to the switch 1, and after the switch 1 receives the signal, the switch 1 is turned on.
  • the power input, switch 1 and disconnected device form a loop, and a large current flows through the disconnected device instantaneously, the disconnected device is disconnected, the power input power supply is cut off, the power supply cannot be continued, and the power supply protects itself. Solve the problem that the power supply cannot be effectively protected when the power supply is abnormal, and improve the reliability of the power supply.
  • the location of the disconnecting device is not limited to one end of the power input, and it is also possible to place the disconnecting device on the other end of the power input (as shown in FIG. 6). In order to cut off the power input, it is also possible to disconnect the device at both ends of the power input (as shown in Figure 7).
  • the switch is not limited to one, two or more are also possible (as shown in FIG. 8).
  • the location of the disconnecting device is not limited to the inside of the power supply, and the location of the disconnecting device may be placed outside the power supply (as shown in FIG. 9). The following are examples of these optional implementations:
  • the switch 1 corresponds to the switch-on unit 3 in the above-mentioned optional embodiment 1
  • the switch 2 corresponds to the switch unit 7 in the above-mentioned optional embodiment 1
  • the disconnecting device corresponds to the above-mentioned optional embodiment One of the fuse unit 4.
  • the rest of the structure is the same as that in the above-mentioned optional embodiment 1, which will not be repeated here.
  • the power load RL is abnormal
  • the temperature of the switch 2 rises.
  • the abnormality detection control sends a control signal to the switch 2.
  • the switch 2 should be opened at this time, but the excessive temperature makes the switch 2 control invalid , Switch 2 cannot be effectively disconnected.
  • the temperature of switch 2 continues to rise, and the rising temperature will be very dangerous.
  • the over-temperature protection sends a control signal to the switch 1, and after the switch 1 receives the signal, the switch 1 is turned on.
  • the power input, switch 1, and the disconnecting device at the other end of the power input form a loop.
  • Achieve self-protection Solve the problem that the power supply cannot be effectively protected when the power supply is abnormal, and improve the reliability of the power supply.
  • the switch 1 corresponds to the switch-on unit 3 in the above-mentioned alternative embodiment 1
  • the switch 2 corresponds to the switch unit 7 in the above-mentioned alternative embodiment 1, and is connected between the power input and the load and connected
  • the two disconnecting devices between the power input and the switch 2 are equivalent to the fuse unit 4 in the foregoing optional embodiment 1, and the remaining structure is the same as that in the foregoing optional embodiment 1, which will not be repeated here.
  • the temperature of switch 2 continues to rise, and the rising temperature will be very dangerous.
  • the over-temperature protection sends a control signal to the switch 1, and after the switch 1 receives the signal, the switch 1 is turned on.
  • the power input, the switch 1, and the disconnecting devices at both ends of the power input form a loop, and a large current flows through the disconnecting device instantaneously.
  • the disconnecting device is disconnected.
  • Self-protection Solve the problem that the power supply cannot be effectively protected when the power supply is abnormal, and improve the reliability of the power supply.
  • a structure in which a disconnecting device is connected at both ends of the power input is adopted, so that when an abnormality occurs, both ends of the power input are turned off to prevent a situation in which one end is charged.
  • the parallel switch 1 and switch 2 are equivalent to the switch-on unit 3 in the above-mentioned optional embodiment 1
  • the switch 3 is equivalent to the switch unit 7 in the above-mentioned optional embodiment 1
  • the disconnecting device is equivalent to The fuse unit 4 in the first optional embodiment above.
  • the rest of the structure is the same as the above-mentioned optional embodiment 1, which will not be repeated here.
  • the power load RL is abnormal
  • the temperature of the switch 3 rises.
  • the abnormality detection control sends a control signal to the switch 3.
  • the switch 3 should be opened at this time, but the excessive temperature makes the switch 3 control invalid , Switch 3 cannot be effectively opened.
  • the temperature of switch 3 continues to rise, and the rising temperature will be very dangerous.
  • the overtemperature protection sends a control signal to the switch 1 and the switch 2, and after the switch 1 and the switch 2 receive the signal, the switch 1 and the switch 2 are turned on.
  • the power input, switch 1 and switch 2 are turned on.
  • the power input, switch 1 and switch 2 form a loop.
  • a large current flows through the disconnected device instantly, the disconnected device is disconnected, the power input power supply is cut off, and the power supply cannot be continued.
  • Achieve self-protection Solve the problem that the power supply cannot be effectively protected when the power supply is abnormal, and improve the reliability of the power supply.
  • the structure of using two parallel switches as the switch conduction unit can increase the current flow in the protection circuit and ensure that the disconnecting device can be quickly disconnected.
  • the switch 1 corresponds to the switch-on unit 3 in the above-mentioned optional embodiment 1
  • the switch 2 corresponds to the switch unit 7 in the above-mentioned optional embodiment 1, which is connected between the power input and the switch 2
  • the disconnecting device and the external power disconnecting device connected in series in the protection circuit are equivalent to the fuse unit 4 in the first optional embodiment described above.
  • the rest of the structure is the same as that in the above-mentioned optional embodiment 1, which will not be repeated here.
  • the switch 2 should be opened at this time, but the excessive temperature makes the switch 2 control invalid , Switch 2 cannot be effectively disconnected.
  • the temperature of switch 2 continues to rise, and the rising temperature will be very dangerous.
  • the over-temperature protection sends a control signal to the switch 1, and after the switch 1 receives the signal, the switch 1 is turned on.
  • the power input, switch 1, and the disconnecting device located at the external power supply form a loop. A large current flows through the disconnecting device instantly. The disconnecting device is disconnected.
  • the power input power supply is cut off and the power supply cannot be continued.
  • the power supply is realized.
  • Self-protection Solve the problem that the power supply cannot be effectively protected when the power supply is abnormal, and improve the reliability of the power supply.
  • the solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure can effectively and quickly realize self-protection when the power supply is abnormal. After the power supply is protected, the power supply or load connected to the subsequent stage can also be protected. The protection of the power supply or load connected to the subsequent stage is also within the protection scope of the disclosed solution.
  • a power supply over-temperature protection method which is applied to any one of the above power supply over-temperature protection circuit embodiments, the method includes:
  • Step S302 the first protection unit is used to control the protection switch unit according to the state of the protection circuit.
  • the first protection unit controls the protection switch unit to be turned on when the state of the protection circuit satisfies the preset condition, and the state of the protection circuit satisfies the preset
  • the condition is used to characterize the abnormality of the protection circuit.
  • the protection switch unit 25 since the protection switch unit 25 is turned on after the abnormality of the protection circuit is detected, the power input unit 21, the protection switch unit 25, and the fuse unit 24 form a protection circuit, so that the fuse unit 24 can be quickly disconnected, so It can solve the problem that the switch unit 23 in the related art cannot be turned off in time, resulting in unreliable power supply protection, and the effect of effectively protecting the power supply is achieved.
  • the first protection unit controls the protection switch unit to be turned on when the state of the protection circuit satisfies a preset condition, including: when the temperature of the switch unit exceeds a preset first threshold, the first protection unit controls the protection switch The unit is turned on so that the power input unit, the protection switch, and the fuse unit form a protection circuit.
  • the current value in the protection circuit is greater than the current value in the protection circuit before the protection switch unit is turned on. After the protection switch unit is turned on, the fuse The unit is disconnected and the power input unit stops supplying power.
  • the method further includes: using the second protection unit to control the switch unit according to the state of the protection circuit, and before the protection switch unit is turned on, when it is detected that the parameter of the protection circuit exceeds a preset parameter threshold, the second protection unit The control switch unit is turned off.
  • the second protection unit controls the switching unit to be turned off, including: when it is detected that the temperature of the switching unit exceeds a preset second threshold, the second The protection unit controls the switch unit to open.
  • first threshold may be greater than or equal to the second threshold, which can form double protection and improve the reliability of power protection.
  • an over-temperature protection system for a power supply including an embodiment of the over-temperature protection circuit of the power supply according to any one of the above.
  • the protection switch unit since the protection switch unit is turned on after an abnormality of the protection circuit is detected, the power input unit, the protection switch, and the fuse unit form a protection loop, thereby enabling the fuse unit to be quickly disconnected, and therefore, the related art
  • the switch unit cannot be disconnected in time, which leads to the problem of unreliable power supply protection and achieves the effect of effectively protecting the power supply.
  • the protection switch unit since the protection switch unit is turned on after detecting the abnormality of the protection circuit, the power input unit, the protection switch unit, and the fuse unit form a protection loop, thereby enabling the fuse unit to be quickly disconnected It can solve the problem that the switch unit in the related art cannot be disconnected in time, resulting in unreliable power supply protection, and the effect of effectively protecting the power supply is achieved.

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Abstract

本公开提供了一种电源的过温保护电路、方法及系统，过温保护电路包括保护开关单元，其中，保护开关单元与负载单元和开关单元并联并且保护开关单元与熔断单元和电源输入单元串联；第一保护单元，其中，第一保护单元与保护开关单元连接，用于根据保护电路的状态控制保护开关单元，第一保护单元在保护电路的状态满足预先设定的条件下控制保护开关单元导通，保护电路的状态满足预先设定的条件用于表征保护电路出现异常。通过本公开，解决了相关技术中开关单元不能及时断开，从而导致电源保护不可靠的问题，达到了有效保护电源的效果。

Description

电源的过温保护电路、方法及系统 技术领域
本公开涉及电源设备领域，具体而言，涉及一种电源的过温保护电路、方法及系统。
背景技术
在系统设备中，系统设备由电源供电，电源为防止失效不可控，通常设计有过流保护、短路保护等异常保护。其中过流保护在输入端有加保险丝或其它的熔断器件，在电源失效时，及时断开保险丝或其它熔断器件，保护电源，防止故障扩大。电源发生异常时，电源一般起动过流保护，短路保护，过温保护等来保护电源，防止故障扩大。但电源发生异常时，多数情况下，短路保护，过温保护已失效或损坏，不能有效对电源进行保护，此时，电源需要再次启动保护，确保电源安全，确保人身安全。
当前电源实现保护的方案主要是过温保护和过流保护，两种保护方案如下：过温保护方案一：检测开关管温度，控制熔断单元，熔断保险(见图1a)。当电源开关发生过温、过压、过流等异常时，开关温度检测单元3检测开关单元2的温度，送给熔断单元1，熔断单元1断开，实现电源自我保护。熔断单元1电流较小，电流没有达到熔断的条件，熔断单元1不能及时断开，方案一缺点是电源异常时不能及时自我保护。
过流保护方案二：检测电源电流，控制熔断单元，熔断保险(见图1b)。当电源发生过流等异常时，电流检测单元2检测电流，送给控制单元3，控制熔断单元1断开，实现电源自我保护。方案二缺点是熔断单元1电流较小，电流没有达到熔断的条件，熔断单元1不能及时熔断，电源异常时不能及时自我保护。当电源异常，流过熔断单元电流较小时，熔断单元1不能及时断开，电源异常时不能及时自我保护，电源可靠性低。上述两种保护方案无法满足电源可靠性要求。
针对相关技术中存在的上述问题，目前尚未提出有效的解决方案。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供了一种电源的过温保护电路、方法及系统，以至少解决相关技术中开关单元不能及时断开，从而导致电源保护不可靠的问题。
根据本公开的一个实施例，提供了一种电源的过温保护电路，包括串联的电源输入单元、负载单元、开关单元以及熔断单元，所述保护电路还包括：保护开关单元，其中，所述保护开关单元与所述负载单元和所述开关单元并联并且所述保护开关单元与所述熔断单元和所述电源输入单元串联；第一保护单元，其中，所述第一保护单元与所述保护开关单元连接，设置为根据所述保护电路的状态控制所述保护开关单元，所述第一保护单元在所述保护电路的状态满足预先设定的条件下控制所述保护开关单元导通，所述保护电路的状态满足预先设定的条件用于表征所述保护电路出现异常。
根据本公开的又一个实施例，还提供了一种电源的过温保护方法，应用于上述任一项所述的电源的过温保护电路中，所述方法包括：利用所述第一保护单元根据所述保护电路的状态控制所述保护开关单元，所述第一保护单元在所述保护电路的状态满足预先设定的条件下控制所述保护开关单元导通，所述保护电路的状态满足预先设定的条件用于表征所述保护电路出现异常。
根据本公开的又一个实施例，还提供了一种电源的过温保护系统，包括上述任一项所述的电源的过温保护电路。
通过本公开，由于在检测到保护电路出现异常后导通了保护开关单元，使得电源输入单元、保护开关单元、熔断单元形成保护回路，从而使熔断单元能够快速断开，因此，可以解决相关技术中开关单元不能及时断开，从而导致电源保护不可靠的问题，达到了有效保护电源的效果。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本公开的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本公开，并不构成对本公开的不当限定。在附图中：
图1a是相关技术中过温保护电路结构示意图；
图1b是相关技术中过流保护电路结构示意图；
图2是根据本公开实施例的电源的过温保护电路的结构示意图；
图3是根据本公开实施例的电源的过温保护方法的流程图；
图4是根据本公开实施例的电源的过温保护电路的结构示意图一；
图5是根据本公开实施例的电源的过温保护电路的结构示意图二；
图6是根据本公开实施例的电源的过温保护电路的结构示意图三；
图7是根据本公开实施例的电源的过温保护电路的结构示意图四；
图8是根据本公开实施例的电源的过温保护电路的结构示意图五；
图9是根据本公开实施例的电源的过温保护电路的结构示意图六。
具体实施方式
下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本公开。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
需要说明的是，本公开的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。
针对相关技术中存在的问题，在本公开实施例中提供了一种电源的过温保护电路，如图2所示，包括串联的电源输入单元21、负载单元22、开关单元23以及熔断单元24，保护电路还包括：保护开关单元25，其中，保护开关单元25与负载单元22和开关单元23并联并且保护开关单元23与熔断单元24和电源输入单元21串联；保护电路还包括：第一保护单元 26，其中，第一保护单元26与保护开关单元25连接，设置为根据保护电路的状态控制保护开关单元25，第一保护单元26在保护电路的状态满足预先设定的条件下控制保护开关单元25导通，保护电路的状态满足预先设定的条件用于表征保护电路出现异常。
通过本公开，由于在检测到保护电路出现异常后导通了保护开关单元25，使得电源输入单元21、保护开关单元25、熔断单元24形成保护回路，从而使熔断单元24能够快速断开，因此，可以解决相关技术中开关单元23不能及时断开，从而导致电源保护不可靠的问题，达到了有效保护电源的效果。
在一个可选的实施例中，上述过温保护电路中的第一保护单元26在保护电路的状态满足预先设定的条件下控制保护开关单元25导通，包括：当开关单元23的温度超过预设的第一阈值时，第一保护单元26控制保护开关单元25导通以使电源输入单元21、保护开关单元23、熔断单元24形成保护回路，其中，保护回路中的电流值大于在保护开关单元25导通前，保护电路中的电流值，保护开关单元25导通后，熔断单元24断开，电源输入单元21停止供电。
在一个可选的实施例中，上述的过温保护电路还包括：第二保护单元，其中，第二保护单元与开关单元连接，设置为根据保护电路的状态控制开关单元，在保护开关单元25导通之前，当检测到保护电路的参数超出预先设定的参数阈值时，第二保护单元控制开关单元断开。
在一个可选的实施例中，当检测到保护电路的参数超出预先设定的参数阈值时，第二保护单元控制开关单元断开，包括：当检测到开关单元23的温度超过预设的第二阈值时，第二保护单元控制开关单元23断开。
需要说明的是，上述的第一阈值可以大于等于第二阈值，这样可以形成双重保护，提高电源保护的可靠性。
在一个可选的实施例中，保护开关单元25包括一个或多个保护开关，其中，当保护开关单元25包括多个保护开关时，多个保护开关并联。
在一个可选的实施例中，熔断单元24包括至少一个串联在保护电路中的断开器件，当熔断单元包括多个断开器件时，熔断单元24的结构包括：多个断开器件分别串联在负载单元22与电源输入单元21的第一端和电源输入单元21的第二端之间。
在一个可选的实施例中，多个断开器件中包括设置为控制向电源输入单元21供电的电源开关。
下面结合附图对本公开实施例的过温保护电路结构进行说明(见图4至图9)：
可选实施例一
如图4所示，本公开实施例中提供了一种电源的过温保护电路，包括电源输入单元1(相当于上述实施例中的电源输入单元21)、过温保护单元2(相当于上述实施例中的第一保护单元26)、开关导通单元3(相当于上述实施例中的保护开关单元25)、熔断单元4(相当于上述实施例中的熔断单元24)、异常检测控制单元5(相当于上述实施例中的第二保护单元)、负载单元6(相当于上述实施例中的负载单元22)、开关单元7(相当于上述实施例中的开关单元23)。其中，电源输入单元1、负载单元6、开关单元7、熔断单元4串联，开关导通单元3与载单元6和开关单元7并联，并与熔断单元4串联，过温保护单元2与开关导通单元3连接，异常检测控制单元5与开关单元7连接。
当负载单元6发生异常时，开关单元7温度上升，当温度上升到设定值时，异常检测控制单元5发出控制信号给开关单元7，开关单元7此时应当断开，但过高的温度使开关单元7控制失效，开关单元7不能有效断开。开关单元7温度持续上升，持续上升的温度会非常危险。此时，过温保护单元2检测开关单元7温度再次达到或超过设定值时，过温保护单元2发出控制信号给开关单元7，开关单元7接收到信号后，开关单元7导通。开关单元7导通后，电源输入单元1、开关单元7、熔断单元4形成回路，大电流瞬间流过熔断单元4，熔断单元4断开，电源输入供电被切 断，无法继续供电，电源实现自我保护。解决电源异常时不能有效保护的问题，提高电源可靠性。
可选实施例二
如图5所示，开关1相当于上述可选实施例一中的开关导通单元3，开关2相当于上述可选实施例一中的开关单元7，断开器件串接在电源输入与开关2之间，相当于上述可选实施例一中的熔断单元4。其余结构与上述可选实施例一一致，在此不再赘述。当电源负载RL发生异常时，开关2温度上升，当温度上升到设定值时，异常检测控制发出控制信号给开关2，开关2此时应当断开，但过高的温度使开关2控制失效，开关2不能有效断开。开关2温度持续上升，持续上升的温度会非常危险。此时，过温保护检测开关2温度再次达到或者超设定值时，过温保护发出控制信号给开关1，开关1接收到信号后，开关1导通。开关1导通后，电源输入、开关1、断开器件形成回路，大电流瞬间流过断开器件，断开器件断开，电源输入供电被切断，无法继续供电，电源实现自我保护。解决电源异常时不能有效保护的问题，提高电源可靠性。
需要说明的是，断开器件的位置不限于电源输入的一端，断开器件放在电源输入的另外一端也是可以的(如图6所示)。为切断电源输入，断开器件在电源输入两端都放置也是可以的(如图7所示)。开关不限于一个，2个或2以上也是可以的(如图8所示)。断开器件的位置不限于电源内部，断开器件位置放在电源外部也可以的(如图9所示)。以下针对这些可选的实施方式举例说明：
可选实施例三
如图6所示，开关1相当于上述可选实施例一中的开关导通单元3，开关2相当于上述可选实施例一中的开关单元7，断开器件相当于上述可选实施例一中的熔断单元4。其余结构与上述可选实施例一一致，在此不再赘述。当电源负载RL发生异常时，开关2温度上升，当温度上升到设定值时，异常检测控制发出控制信号给开关2，开关2此时应当断开，但 过高的温度使开关2控制失效，开关2不能有效断开。开关2温度持续上升，持续上升的温度会非常危险。此时，过温保护检测开关2温度再次达到或者超设定值时，过温保护发出控制信号给开关1，开关1接收到信号后，开关1导通。开关1导通后，电源输入、开关1、位于电源输入另外一端的断开器件形成回路，大电流瞬间流过断开器件，断开器件断开，电源输入供电被切断，无法继续供电，电源实现自我保护。解决电源异常时不能有效保护的问题，提高电源可靠性。
可选实施例四
如图7所示，开关1相当于上述可选实施例一中的开关导通单元3，开关2相当于上述可选实施例一中的开关单元7，连接在电源输入与负载之间和连接在电源输入与开关2之间的两个断开器件相当于上述可选实施例一中的熔断单元4，其余结构与上述可选实施例一一致，在此不再赘述。当电源负载RL发生异常时，开关2温度上升，当温度上升到设定值时，异常检测控制发出控制信号给开关2，开关2此时应当断开，但过高的温度使开关2控制失效，开关2不能有效断开。开关2温度持续上升，持续上升的温度会非常危险。此时，过温保护检测开关2温度再次达到或者超设定值时，过温保护发出控制信号给开关1，开关1接收到信号后，开关1导通。开关1导通后，电源输入、开关1、位于电源输入两端的断开器件形成回路，大电流瞬间流过断开器件，断开器件断开，电源输入供电被切断，无法继续供电，电源实现自我保护。解决电源异常时不能有效保护的问题，提高电源可靠性。在本实施例中，采用电源输入两端各接一个断开器件的结构，额可以在发生异常时，确保电源输入的两端都关断，防止一端带电的情况。
可选实施例五
如图8所示，并联的开关1和开关2相当于上述可选实施例一中的开关导通单元3，开关3相当于上述可选实施例一中的开关单元7，断开器件相当于上述可选实施例一中的熔断单元4。其余结构与上述可选实施例 一一致，在此不再赘述。当电源负载RL发生异常时，开关3温度上升，当温度上升到设定值时，异常检测控制发出控制信号给开关3，开关3此时应当断开，但过高的温度使开关3控制失效，开关3不能有效断开。开关3温度持续上升，持续上升的温度会非常危险。此时，过温保护检测开关3温度再次达到或者超过设定值时，过温保护发出控制信号给开关1和开关2，开关1和开关2接收到信号后，开关1和开关2导通。开关1和开关2导通后，电源输入、开关1和开关2、断开器件形成回路，大电流瞬间流过断开器件，断开器件断开，电源输入供电被切断，无法继续供电，电源实现自我保护。解决电源异常时不能有效保护的问题，提高电源可靠性。在本实施例中，采用两个并联开关作为开关导通单元的结构，可以增大保护回路内的通流，确保断开器件能够快速断开。
可选实施例六
如图9所示，开关1相当于上述可选实施例一中的开关导通单元3，开关2相当于上述可选实施例一中的开关单元7，连接在电源输入与开关2之间的断开器件和串联在保护电路中的外部电源断开器件相当于上述可选实施例一中的熔断单元4。其余结构与上述可选实施例一一致，在此不再赘述。当电源负载RL发生异常时，开关2温度上升，当温度上升到设定值时，异常检测控制发出控制信号给开关2，开关2此时应当断开，但过高的温度使开关2控制失效，开关2不能有效断开。开关2温度持续上升，持续上升的温度会非常危险。此时，过温保护检测开关2温度再次达到或者超过设定值时，过温保护发出控制信号给开关1，开关1接收到信号后，开关1导通。开关1导通后，电源输入、开关1、位于外部电源输入的断开器件形成回路，大电流瞬间流过断开器件，断开器件断开，电源输入供电被切断，无法继续供电，电源实现自我保护。解决电源异常时不能有效保护的问题，提高电源可靠性。
本公开实施例的方案可以有效快速实现电源异常时自我保护。当本电源保护后，后级所接电源或负载，也能实现保护。后级所接电源或负载的保护也在本公开方案保护范围内。
根据本公开的又一个实施例，还提供了一种电源的过温保护方法，应用于上述任一项的电源的过温保护电路的实施例中，方法包括：
步骤S302，利用第一保护单元根据保护电路的状态控制保护开关单元，第一保护单元在保护电路的状态满足预先设定的条件下控制保护开关单元导通，保护电路的状态满足预先设定的条件用于表征保护电路出现异常。
通过本公开，由于在检测到保护电路出现异常后导通了保护开关单元25，使得电源输入单元21、保护开关单元25、熔断单元24形成保护回路，从而使熔断单元24能够快速断开，因此，可以解决相关技术中开关单元23不能及时断开，从而导致电源保护不可靠的问题，达到了有效保护电源的效果。
可选地，第一保护单元在保护电路的状态满足预先设定的条件下控制保护开关单元导通，包括：当开关单元的温度超过预设的第一阈值时，第一保护单元控制保护开关单元导通以使电源输入单元、保护开关、熔断单元形成保护回路，其中，保护回路中的电流值大于在保护开关单元导通前，保护电路中的电流值，保护开关单元导通后，熔断单元断开，电源输入单元停止供电。
可选地，方法还包括：利用第二保护单元根据保护电路的状态控制开关单元，在保护开关单元导通之前，当检测到保护电路的参数超出预先设定的参数阈值时，第二保护单元控制开关单元断开。
可选地，当检测到保护电路的参数超出预先设定的参数阈值时，第二保护单元控制开关单元断开，包括：当检测到开关单元的温度超过预设的第二阈值时，第二保护单元控制开关单元断开。
需要说明的是，上述的第一阈值可以大于等于第二阈值，这样可以形成双重保护，提高电源保护的可靠性。
根据本公开的又一个实施例，还提供了一种电源的过温保护系统，包括上述任一项的电源的过温保护电路的实施例中。
通过本公开，由于在检测到保护电路出现异常后导通了保护开关单元，使得电源输入单元、保护开关、熔断单元形成保护回路，从而使熔断单元能够快速断开，因此，可以解决相关技术中开关单元不能及时断开，从而导致电源保护不可靠的问题，达到了有效保护电源的效果。
以上所述仅为本公开的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本公开，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本公开可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本公开的原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。
工业实用性
通过本公开实施例的技术方案，由于在检测到保护电路出现异常后导通了保护开关单元，使得电源输入单元、保护开关单元、熔断单元形成保护回路，从而使熔断单元能够快速断开，因此，可以解决相关技术中开关单元不能及时断开，从而导致电源保护不可靠的问题，达到了有效保护电源的效果。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种电源的过温保护电路，包括串联的电源输入单元、负载单元、开关单元以及熔断单元，所述保护电路还包括：
    保护开关单元，其中，所述保护开关单元与所述负载单元和所述开关单元并联并且所述保护开关单元与所述熔断单元和所述电源输入单元串联；
    第一保护单元，其中，所述第一保护单元与所述保护开关单元连接，设置为根据所述保护电路的状态控制所述保护开关单元，所述第一保护单元在所述保护电路的状态满足预先设定的条件下控制所述保护开关单元导通，所述保护电路的状态满足预先设定的条件用于表征所述保护电路出现异常。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电路，其中，所述第一保护单元在所述保护电路的状态满足预先设定的条件下控制所述保护开关单元导通，包括：
    当所述开关单元的温度超过预设的第一阈值时，所述第一保护单元控制所述保护开关单元导通以使所述电源输入单元、所述保护开关单元、所述熔断单元形成保护回路，其中，所述保护回路中的电流值大于在所述保护开关单元导通前，所述保护电路中的电流值，所述保护开关单元导通后，所述熔断单元断开，所述电源输入单元停止供电。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电路，其中，所述保护电路还包括：
    第二保护单元，其中，所述第二保护单元与所述开关单元连接，设置为根据所述保护电路的状态控制所述开关单元，在所述保护开关单元导通之前，当检测到所述保护电路的参数超出预先设定的参数阈值时，所述第二保护单元控制所述开关单元断开。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电路，其中，当检测到所述保护电路 的参数超出预先设定的参数阈值时，所述第二保护单元控制所述开关单元断开，包括：
    当检测到所述开关单元的温度超过预设的第二阈值时，所述第二保护单元控制所述开关单元断开。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电路，其中，所述保护开关单元包括一个或多个保护开关，其中，当所述保护开关单元包括多个保护开关时，所述多个保护开关并联。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的电路，其中，所述熔断单元包括至少一个串联在所述保护电路中的断开器件，当所述熔断单元包括多个断开器件时，所述熔断单元的结构包括：
    所述多个断开器件分别串联在所述负载单元与所述电源输入单元的第一端和所述电源输入单元的第二端之间。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电路，其中，所述多个断开器件中包括设置为控制向所述电源输入单元供电的电源开关。
  8. 一种电源的过温保护方法，应用于权利要求1至7中任一项所述的电源的过温保护电路中，所述方法包括：
    利用所述第一保护单元根据所述保护电路的状态控制所述保护开关单元，所述第一保护单元在所述保护电路的状态满足预先设定的条件下控制所述保护开关单元导通，所述保护电路的状态满足预先设定的条件用于表征所述保护电路出现异常。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述第一保护单元在所述保护电路的状态满足预先设定的条件下控制所述保护开关单元导通，包括：
    当所述开关单元的温度超过预设的第一阈值时，所述第一保护单元控制所述保护开关单元导通以使所述电源输入单元、所述保护开关单元、所述熔断单元形成保护回路，其中，所述保护回路中的电流值大于在所述保护开关单元导通前，所述保护电路中的电流值，所述保护开关单元导通后，所述熔断单元断开，所述电源输入单元停止供电。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    利用第二保护单元根据所述保护电路的状态控制所述开关单元，在所述保护开关单元导通之前，当检测到所述保护电路的参数超出预先设定的参数阈值时，所述第二保护单元控制所述开关单元断开。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中，当检测到所述保护电路的参数超出预先设定的参数阈值时，所述第二保护单元控制所述开关单元断开，包括：
    当检测到所述开关单元的温度超过预设的第二阈值时，所述第二保护单元控制所述开关单元断开。
  12. 一种电源的过温保护系统，包括如权利要求1至7中任一项所述的电源的过温保护电路。
PCT/CN2019/113425 2018-10-26 2019-10-25 电源的过温保护电路、方法及系统 WO2020083393A1 (zh)

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