WO2020075774A2 - ナノファイバー製造装置、及びナノファイバー製造方法 - Google Patents
ナノファイバー製造装置、及びナノファイバー製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020075774A2 WO2020075774A2 PCT/JP2019/039888 JP2019039888W WO2020075774A2 WO 2020075774 A2 WO2020075774 A2 WO 2020075774A2 JP 2019039888 W JP2019039888 W JP 2019039888W WO 2020075774 A2 WO2020075774 A2 WO 2020075774A2
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- nanofiber
- nanofibers
- collecting
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- flow path
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
- D01D5/0985—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/04—Dry spinning methods
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/12—Stretch-spinning methods
- D01D5/14—Stretch-spinning methods with flowing liquid or gaseous stretching media, e.g. solution-blowing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus and a nanofiber manufacturing method for manufacturing nanofibers from a polymer solution.
- the present invention relates to a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus and a nanofiber manufacturing method for manufacturing nanofibers from a polymer solution obtained by dissolving a raw material polymer in a solvent.
- the present invention relates to a nanofiber sheet manufacturing apparatus and a nanofiber sheet manufacturing method for manufacturing a homogeneous nanofiber sheet from a polymer solution obtained by dissolving a raw material polymer in a solvent.
- the term “nanofiber” is a fine-diameter fiber having an average fiber diameter of the produced fiber of several nanometers to several hundreds of nanometers, and also includes an aggregate thereof, which is an aggregate. In, the fiber diameters are appropriately distributed.
- a melt obtained by melting a raw material polymer with heat or a solution obtained by dissolving a raw material polymer in a volatile solvent is used as a raw material, but it means a solution containing both. In that case, the term “solution” or “polymer solution” is simply used.
- Nanofibers with a small fiber diameter have been attracting attention in recent years and are widely used in a wide range of technical fields such as the medical field, automobile field, building material field, and oil adsorbent field.
- a method for producing this nanofiber a method in which a raw material polymer is melted by heat and is discharged into a thermal jet gas flow (melt spinning method), and a solution in which the raw material polymer is dissolved in a volatile solvent are used.
- a method (dry spinning method) of discharging by discharging into a heat jet gas flow and manufacturing is generally known.
- a method of producing nanofibers by discharging a raw material polymer in a solution (wet spinning method) is also known, but it is not the object of the present invention.
- Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe an apparatus for producing nanofibers from a melt obtained by melting a raw material polymer with heat.
- Patent Documents 3 and 4 describe a solution obtained by dissolving a raw material polymer with a solvent. An apparatus for producing nanofibers is described.
- the fiber diameter of the nanofiber produced by melting the raw material polymer with heat is approximately several hundred nanometers to 10 micrometers, but in the method of producing the raw material polymer with a solution obtained by dissolving the raw material polymer in a volatile solvent, It is possible to produce finer nanofibers having a low viscosity and a fiber diameter of about several tens of nanometers to several micrometers. Therefore, in the case of producing nanofibers having a finer fiber diameter, a method of producing with a solution (dry spinning method) is adopted.
- Patent Documents 3 and 4 disclose a technique for producing a raw material polymer with a solution in which a volatile solvent is dissolved, and Patent Document 3 discloses a high voltage called a charge induction spinning method (or electrospinning method). As a method of spinning by spinning, Patent Document 4 discloses a different method of spinning without applying a high voltage.
- Patent Document 3 has an object to provide a method and an apparatus for producing a nanofiber non-woven fabric capable of efficiently producing a uniform nano fiber non-woven fabric. Then, the blower and the blower are operated, a voltage is applied between the nozzle in the housing and the trapping material, and the polymer solution is discharged from the nozzle, so that the polymer solution is discharged as a thin linear body. Electrostatic explosion occurs and explosively stretches to efficiently produce nanofibers composed of a polymer having a submicron diameter.
- the blower and the blower are operated so that the blower has a blower amount of 30% or more of the blower, so that the fluffing of the nanofibers accumulated on the trapping material can be suppressed. It is said that this makes it possible to reduce unevenness in the deposition thickness of the nanofibers on the collecting material.
- the air volume of the blower to 100% or less of the air volume of the exhaust fan, it is possible to prevent the air volume on the nozzle side of the trapping material from becoming excessive and to prevent the scattering of nanofibers. .
- a guide box is provided on the downstream side of the nanofiber generation device and on the upstream side of the collection device to help generate an airflow from the nanofiber generation device to the suction box when the suction box operates.
- a device for preventing the nanofibers produced by the nanofiber producing device from scattering around is disclosed.
- the guide box when the guide box is not provided, the high-speed high-temperature air ejected from the air nozzle of the nanofiber generator entrains the surrounding air, and the air flow becomes unstable.
- the guide box by using the guide box, a stable airflow can be generated. For this reason, it is said that it is possible to stably manufacture thin nanofibers.
- the purpose is to collect the nanofibers by forming a stable air flow from the nanofiber generation device to the downstream collection device, but by itself, Even if the nanofibers are collected by the collector, it is difficult to collect the nanofibers having a uniform fiber diameter distribution.
- the present invention does not carry and collect the nanofibers from the nanofiber generation device by placing them on the air flow as in the related art, but suppresses the conveyance flow of the nanofibers generated by the nanofiber generation device and is a casing.
- the object is to obtain a homogeneous nanofiber sheet by freely floating in the body, sucking the gas in the housing, and collecting the floating nanofibers by a collector. By doing so, the fine particles of the polymer solution that have failed to form the desired nanofiber fibers by the nanofiber generation device ride on the air flow and become droplets or small polymer agglomerates that are collected by the nanofiber collection device. It is possible to prevent the nanofibers flying to the collecting surface from being directly hit.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus and a nanofiber manufacturing method, which are provided with means for suppressing damage to collected nanofibers. This problem is even more important when manufacturing a sheet-shaped nanofiber manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method using a flat plate-shaped collecting surface, because it has a great influence on the homogeneity of the finished product.
- the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus of the present invention comprises a housing, a nanofiber production apparatus provided in the housing, and a nanofiber collection apparatus for collecting nanofibers discharged and produced by the nanofiber production apparatus.
- a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus equipped with The nanofiber generator has a solution discharge nozzle for discharging a raw material polymer solution and a hot air discharge nozzle for discharging a high-pressure high-temperature high-speed gas
- the nanofiber collecting device has a nanofiber collecting surface formed on one surface of the housing and a suction device for sucking gas in the housing from the back surface side of the nanofiber collecting surface, Downstream of the nanofiber discharge flow generated by the nanofiber generation device, at least one flow path suppressing means for suppressing the nanofiber discharge flow that linearly goes from the nanofiber generation device to the nanofiber collection surface. It is characterized by having.
- the flow path suppressing unit suppresses generation of a nanofiber discharge flow linearly directed from the nanofiber generating apparatus to the nanofiber collecting surface, and the generated nanofibers are generated.
- the fibers are suspended in the housing, and the gas in the housing is sucked by the suction device via the nanofiber collecting surface so that the nanofibers are collected on the nanofiber collecting surface. It is characterized by being configured.
- the flow path suppressing unit suppresses the generation of a linear nanofiber discharge flow discharged by the nanofiber generating apparatus, and a liquid generated by failing to generate the nanofibers is generated.
- the nanofiber generation device and the nanofiber collection device of the nanofiber collection device It is characterized in that at least one is provided between the collecting surface.
- the size of the flow path suppressing means is formed by an assumed line connecting the nanofiber generating apparatus and each vertex of the nanofiber collecting surface of the nanofiber collecting apparatus. It is characterized in that it is configured to be larger than the outer circumference of the linear flight area.
- the position where the flow path suppressing unit is installed is a distance between the nanofiber generating apparatus and the nanofiber collecting surface of the nanofiber collecting apparatus is d.
- the flow path suppressing means is installed at a position separated by d / 2 or more from the nanofiber collecting surface.
- the method for producing nanofibers of the present invention comprises a housing, a nanofiber generator provided in the housing, and a nanofiber collector for collecting nanofibers discharged and generated by the nanofiber generator.
- a method for producing nanofibers using the provided nanofiber production apparatus has a solution discharge nozzle for discharging a raw material polymer solution and a hot air discharge nozzle for discharging a high-pressure high-temperature high-speed gas
- the nanofiber collecting device has a nanofiber collecting surface formed on one surface of the housing, and a suction device for sucking gas in the housing from the back surface side of the nanofiber collecting surface.
- At least one flow path suppressing unit is provided downstream of the nanofiber discharge flow generated by the nanofiber generation device and between the nanofiber generation device and the nanofiber collection surface, and the nanofiber generation device is provided. It is characterized in that free-floating nanofibers are collected by suppressing a nanofiber discharge flow linearly flowing from the above to the nanofiber collecting surface.
- the method for producing nanofibers of the present invention comprises a nanofiber production apparatus comprising a solution ejection nozzle for ejecting a raw material polymer solution and a hot air ejection nozzle for ejecting high-pressure high-temperature and high-speed gas, and nanofibers ejected and produced by the nanofiber production apparatus.
- a nanofiber collection method using the nanofiber production apparatus comprising a nanofiber collection apparatus for collecting At least one flow path suppressing means is provided between the nanofiber generation device and the nanofiber collection surface of the nanofiber collection device, and the linear flow of the nanofiber discharge flow discharged by the nanofiber generation device is provided. It is characterized in that the flying is suppressed, and the agglomerates of droplets and the like that are generated in the nanofiber and fail to fly and directly hit the nanofiber collecting surface of the collecting device.
- a nanofiber aggregate having high homogeneity can be collected by freely floating the nanofibers generated by the nanofiber generator in the housing and collecting them by the collector. Is. That is, in the present invention, the generated nanofibers are dispersed by suppressing the nanofiber discharge flow that is generated by the nanofiber generation device and rides on the high-temperature high-speed gas flow and linearly flies toward the nanofiber collection device. Can be scattered in the housing and float freely.
- the present invention provides a high-temperature high-speed gas flow generated by the nanofiber generation device by providing a flow path suppressing means having a size described later between the nanofiber generation device and the nanofiber collection device. It is possible to suppress the flow of the nanofibers that fly and fly straight toward the nanofiber collecting device. In addition, since aggregates such as droplets generated in the nanofiber generator can be suppressed by the flow path suppressing unit, the droplet does not hit the nanofiber collecting surface of the nanofiber collecting device directly and is uniform. Nanofibers can be produced. The present invention is particularly effective in producing a nanofiber sheet.
- Diagram showing the basic configuration of a prior art device for producing nanofibers from a dissolved polymer solution The figure which shows the external appearance shape of the nanofiber sheet manufactured with the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus in a prior art.
- the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 100 of the present invention includes a solution discharge nozzle 11 of a polymer solution in which a raw material polymer is dissolved in a volatile solvent and a hot air discharge nozzle 12 of high-pressure high-temperature high-speed gas.
- Nanofiber generation device 10 a housing 60 in which the nanofibers generated by the nanofiber generation device 10 freely float, and a nanofiber collection device that suction-collects the nanofibers floating in the housing 60.
- a device 50 is provided.
- the straight line of the nanofiber discharge flow produced by the nanofiber production apparatus 10 At least one flow path suppressing unit 90 that suppresses a specific flow is provided. This suppresses the linear flight of the nanofiber discharge flow and also suppresses the flight of the droplets or small polymer agglomerates 45 that have failed to become nanofibers, so that the agglomerates 45 of droplets or small polymer agglomerates are generated. Since the nanofiber collecting surface 51 of the nanofiber collecting device 50 is not hit directly, the nanofiber fibers are collected on the nanofiber collecting surface 51 of the nanofiber collecting device 50, and a uniform fiber diameter distribution is obtained. The nanofiber sheet 52 of is produced.
- a method in which a raw material polymer is dissolved in a volatile solvent and the solution is discharged into a heat jet stream (dry spinning method) is described as an example.
- the raw material polymer is melted by heat. It can also be applied to the one produced by discharging the melted solution into a heat jet stream (melt spinning method).
- the description will be limited to the case of producing a nanofiber sheet, but a three-dimensional nanofiber collector can be produced if the shape of the collecting surface is three-dimensionally configured.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the nanofiber generation device 10, which is conventionally known.
- the nanofiber generation device 10 includes a solution discharge nozzle 11 that discharges a raw material polymer solution and a hot air discharge nozzle 12 that discharges a high-pressure high-temperature high-speed gas.
- a device that supplies a solution obtained by dissolving a raw material polymer in a volatile solvent to the solution discharge nozzle 11 and a device that supplies high-temperature high-speed gas to the hot air discharge nozzle 12 are connected to each. It is assumed that.
- the polymer solution 20 discharged from the solution discharge nozzle 11 intersects on the downstream side of the high-temperature high-speed gas stream 30 discharged from the hot-air discharge nozzle 12, is stretched at the wind speed of the high-temperature high-speed gas stream 30, and the solvent volatilizes in the process. Then, a nanofiber stream 40 of polymer fibers is generated.
- the nanofiber stream 40 generated by the nanofiber generator 10 is a nanofiber having a desired fiber diameter and a relatively long fiber length near the flight center axis 31 of the flow of the high-temperature high-speed gas stream 30 generated by the hot air discharge nozzle 12.
- the distribution density of the fibers is high, and as the fiber deviates from the flight center axis 31, due to the dynamic action of the fluid, the number of light nanofibers having a small fiber diameter and a short fiber length increases.
- the distribution density of nanofibers having a long fiber length tends to decrease as it deviates from the flight center axis 31. This is shown by changing the shade of shade in FIG. Nanofibers produce not only different fiber lengths, but fibers with different fiber diameters.
- FIG. 6 shows the basic configuration of a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus that manufactures nanofibers using a conventionally known dissolved polymer solution.
- the reference numerals in the drawings are the same as those of the components having the same functions as those of the present invention.
- the polymer solution 20 and the high-pressure high-temperature high-speed gas stream 30 discharged by the nanofiber production apparatus 10 shown in FIG. 5 become a nanofiber stream 40 in a cylindrical housing 62 that surrounds the outer periphery of the entire production apparatus, It flies linearly toward the nanofiber collecting surface 51.
- the generated nanofiber flow 40 rides on the flow of the high-pressure high-temperature high-speed gas flow 30 discharged from the hot air discharge nozzle 12 and the suction flow 80 of the suction device 70 provided downstream of the nanofiber collecting device 50. It flies toward the nanofiber collecting surface 51 of the nanofiber collecting device 50. As described above, the distribution density of nanofibers on the flight center axis 31 of the high-temperature high-velocity gas stream 30 is high, and the longer the nanofiber fiber length is, the more directly the nanofiber collector 50 is affected by the wind force. To fly.
- the nanofiber flow 40 has a suction device 70 arranged outside the cylindrical housing 62 to suck gas in the cylindrical housing 62 from the rear of the nanofiber collection device 50 (downstream of the nanofiber collection surface 51). Is controlled and suctioned, and the suspended nanofibers 40 are efficiently collected by being placed on the suction airflow in the cylindrical housing 62.
- M in the frame of the suction device 70 represents a fan motor, and an arrow 80 shown outside the suction device 70 represents an air flow (suction flow) in which the gas in the cylindrical housing 62 is sucked and released to the outside. .
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a nanofiber sheet 55 collected by a conventional nanofiber collection device 50.
- A is the figure which looked at the nanofiber sheet 55 from the front
- B is a figure which cut
- the collected nanofiber sheet 55 is not even in its thickness.
- near the center 56 of the nanofiber sheet 55 there are many nanofibers having a long fiber length and a large mass, and the nanofiber fibers have a smaller diameter and a shorter fiber length like outer portions 57 and 58 toward the outside.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a nanofiber sheet 55 collected by a conventional nanofiber collection device 50.
- A is the figure which looked at the nanofiber sheet 55 from the front
- B is a figure which cut
- the thickness of the nanofiber sheet 55 becomes thicker in the vicinity of the center and becomes thinner toward the outer side, and there is a problem that the entire nanofiber sheet 55 cannot be produced uniformly.
- This situation is represented by shading. That is, in FIG. 7A, the darker the color, the thicker the thickness, and the lighter the color, the thinner the thickness.
- the hot air discharge nozzle is caused by a weak fluctuation of the viscosity of the polymer solution discharged from the solution discharge nozzle 11 of the nanofiber generation device 10 or the turbulence of the air flow in the cylindrical housing 62. Fluctuation occurs in the high-pressure high-temperature and high-velocity gas flow discharged from 12. Due to this and the like, the polymer solution ejected from the solution ejection nozzle 11 is not generated as nanofibers having a desired fiber diameter, but is ejected from the hot air ejection nozzle 12 in a droplet state, although it is small. It happens that the high-speed high-velocity gas stream 30 is blown off.
- the agglomerates 45 such as liquid droplets have a larger mass than the nanofibers, they do not float or disperse in the cylindrical housing 62 like the nanofiber flow 40, and the nanofiber collecting device 50 does not have to be suspended.
- the aggregated particles 45 fly straight like a bullet toward the nanofiber collecting surface 51, which may damage the collected nanofiber sheet.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the situation. It is not known in which direction the agglomerates 45 such as droplets fly, but if it is assumed that they fly almost linearly along with the air flow, the droplets etc.
- the agglomerates 45 of the particles fly along the flight center axis 31 of the high-temperature and high-velocity gas flow to the central peripheral edge of the nanofiber collecting surface 51 of the nanofiber collecting apparatus 50.
- the agglomerates 45 such as droplets do not always occur at the center of the nanofiber collection surface 51 of the nanofiber collection device 50, and it is not known in which direction they fly.
- the agglomerates 45 such as droplets fly in a straight line, most of them are flight trajectories connecting the four ends (vertices) of the nanofiber collection surface 51 of the nanofiber generation device 10 and the nanofiber collection device 50.
- the nano-fiber collecting surface 51 flies within the range surrounded by the outer peripheral lines 32 and 33 (the linear flight region 110). Therefore, a mass of droplets or the like flying in the linear flight region 110 surrounded by the flight trajectory outer peripheral lines 32 and 33 connecting the outer edges of the nanofiber collection surface 51 of the nanofiber generation device 10 and the nanofiber collection device 50. If the particles 45 are prevented from hitting the nanofiber collecting surface 51 of the nanofiber collecting device 50, the collected nanofiber sheet is not damaged.
- the outer edge of the nanofiber collecting surface 51 refers to the outer peripheral edge portion of the shape of the collecting surface forming the nanofiber collecting surface 51.
- FIG. 3 shows a nanofiber collecting device 51 and a nanofiber collecting surface 51 of the nanofiber collecting device 50 (in the figure, the outer edge of the nanofiber collecting surface 51 is a quadrangle having four sides and four vertices).
- 3D is a bird's-eye view showing the relationship of the three directions, and the flight trajectory outer peripheral lines 32, 32 as an assumed line connecting the ends (apex) of the nanofiber collecting surface 51 of the nanofiber generating device 10 and the nanofiber collecting device 50, and The area surrounded by 33 and 33 is an assumed linear flight area (that is, the linear flight area 110).
- the assumed linear flight area 110 has a quadrangular pyramid shape, and its cross section has a nanofiber shape.
- the shape is similar to the quadrangle of the nanofiber collecting surface 51 of the collecting device 50. That is, if the nanofiber collecting surface 51 of the nanofiber collecting device 50 has, for example, a circular shape, an elliptical shape, or a polygonal shape, the bottom surface has the shape of a cone.
- the nanofiber collecting surface 51 of the nanofiber collecting apparatus 50 is viewed from the nanofiber generating apparatus 10, and the flow path having a size that makes the nanofiber collecting surface 51 invisible is suppressed.
- the means (flow path suppressing means 90) is provided in at least one place. That is, the dimension of the flow path suppressing means 90 is to cover the linear flight region 110 that includes the flight center axis 31 and is surrounded by the flight trajectory outer peripheral lines 32 and 33, and suppresses the linear flow path of the agglomerates. is there.
- FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view of a conventional nanofiber manufacturing apparatus.
- FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 100 of the present invention, which is arranged on the surface covering the flight trajectory outer peripheral lines 32 to 33 of the linear flight region 110 that linearly flies from the nanofiber generation apparatus 10. The relationship with at least one flow path suppressing unit 90 is shown.
- the flow path suppressing means 90 is simultaneously displayed as three flow path suppressing means 91, 92, 93 at different arrangement distances from the nanofiber generation device 10.
- FIG. 1 shows a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 100 for manufacturing a nanofiber sheet, which is a specific embodiment of the present invention.
- At least one flow path suppressing unit 90 is provided between the nanofiber generation device 10 and the nanofiber collection device 50. Thereby, the linear flow of the nanofiber stream 40 generated by the nanofiber generator 10 and flying along with the high-temperature high-speed gas stream 30 toward the nanofiber collector 50 is suppressed.
- aggregates 45 such as droplets that have failed to become nanofibers in the nanofiber generation device 10 are also received by the flow path suppressing means 90, and the aggregates 45 such as droplets are included in the nanofiber collection surface of the nanofiber collection device 50. It is configured to suppress the discharge flow flying directly to 51.
- a virtual line (dotted line in FIGS. 1 and 9) connecting the vertex of the polygonal nanofiber collecting surface 51 of the nanofiber collecting device 50 in the housing 60 and the nanofiber forming position of the nanofiber forming device 10
- the flow path suppressing means 90 is arranged on the way. For example, if the nanofiber collection surface 51 of the nanofiber collection device 50 is a quadrangle, its four vertices and the nanofiber production positions of the nanofiber production device 10 (in this embodiment, the polymer solution 20 and the high pressure high temperature high speed).
- the lines connecting the positions where the gas flow 30 intersects) are the flight trajectory outer peripheral lines 32 and 33 of the linear flight region 110.
- the flow path suppressing means 90 By providing the flow path suppressing means 90, the nanofiber flow 40 generated by the nanofiber generation device 10 and flying along with the high-temperature high-speed gas flow 30 is suppressed by the flow path suppressing means 90 and cannot go straight. It is pushed around the flow path suppressing means 90. Then, the scattered nanofiber flow 40 wraps around the outside of the flow path suppressing unit 90, flows in the area 42, and diffuses in the housing 60 in the direction of the nanofiber collecting apparatus 50. By doing so, the nanofiber flow 40 generated by the nanofiber generation device 10 is suppressed by the flow path suppressing means 90, further diffused, and rides on the gas flow in which the straight-line energy has been cut off, and the nanofiber flows.
- the flow is further diffused into the areas 43 and 44 and floats in the housing 60. Then, it is slowly sucked by the suction device 70 of the nanofiber collecting device 50 and collected on the nanofiber collecting surface 51.
- the front surface of the housing 60 is substantially enclosed by the curtain 61. At this time, in consideration of the balance between the flow rate of gas discharged from the hot air discharge nozzle 12 and the amount of gas suctioned from the nanofiber collecting apparatus 50, be careful so that the atmospheric pressure in the housing 60 does not assume a vacuum state. There is a need.
- FIG. 2 is a nanofiber sheet 52 manufactured by the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 100 of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, (A) is an external view of the nanofiber sheet 52 as viewed from the front, and (B) is ( FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the alternate long and short dash line connecting a) and (b).
- the nanofiber fibers are homogeneous over the entire surface of the nanofiber collecting surface 51, and the nanofiber having a constant sheet thickness.
- the sheet 52 can be manufactured.
- the configuration that the flow path suppressing means 90 of the present invention should have is such that the flow path suppressing means 90 is viewed from the nanofiber generation device 10 side and the nanofiber collecting surface 51 of the nanofiber collecting device 50 is not visible. Is preferred. That is, the apex of the polygonal nanofiber collecting surface 51 of the nanofiber collecting device 50 and the nanofiber forming position of the nanofiber forming device 10 (the solution discharge nozzle 11 for the polymer solution and the hot air for discharging high-pressure high-temperature high-speed gas). It is preferable to make the size of the flow path suppressing means 90 larger than the range surrounded by the flight trajectory outer peripheral lines 32 and 33 (the one-dot chain line in FIG. 3) connecting the discharge nozzles 12 (intersections).
- the flow path suppressing means 90 can prevent the agglomerates 45 such as droplets that are not transformed into nanofibers in the nanofiber generation device 10 and try to fly linearly. As a result, it is possible to prevent the flow path control means 90 and the nanofiber collecting device 50 from flying within the locus indicated by the alternate long and short dash line (assumed flight loci outer peripheral lines 32 and 33), and the liquid droplets are collected. It is possible to suppress the direct hit to the nanofiber collecting surface 51 of.
- the kinetic energy of the agglomerates 45 such as droplets that go straight down is drastically reduced, and even if the agglomerates 70 are sucked, the nanofiber collecting device 50 It does not damage the nanofiber sheet 52 collected on the nanofiber collection surface 51. Even if the dimension of the flow path suppressing means 90 is smaller than the outer dimension of the flight trajectory outer peripheral lines 32 and 33, the effect of suppressing the linear flight of the nanofibers is sufficient.
- the location of the flow path suppressing means 90 between the nanofiber generating device 10 and the nanofiber collecting device 50, and the size of the flow path suppressing means 90 are important.
- the position of the flow path suppressing unit 90 and the size of the flow path suppressing unit 90 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
- the flow path suppressing means 90 When the flow path suppressing means 90 is arranged near the nanofiber collecting surface 51 of the nanofiber collecting device 50, the flow path suppressing means 90 having a large area is required. In addition to this, it is not possible to capture droplets and the like early, and the nanofibers that float and are normally collected by the nanofiber collection device 50 are not collected on the nanofiber collection surface 51 of the nanofiber collection device 50. This will obstruct most of the flow path, which hinders the collection of nanofibers.
- the flow path suppressing means 90 may be small, but the solvent contained in the polymer solution is not completely evaporated, that is, In the process of drawing and producing nanofibers, the fibers that have not yet become sufficiently nanofibers are fused and become agglomerates 45 of polymer fibers, leading to phenomena such as nanofibers of the desired fiber diameter. There is a problem that it cannot be generated. Therefore, the flow path suppressing means 90 needs to secure a sufficient distance for the polymer solution discharged from the nanofiber generation device 10 to be generated in the nanofibers, and the nanofiber flow 40 flows inside the housing 60. It is necessary to secure a space in which the nanofiber collecting device 50 floats sufficiently and is collected.
- the distance from the nanofiber generating device 10 to the flow path suppressing unit 90 depends on the performance of the nanofiber generating device 10, and therefore a numerical standard cannot be shown unconditionally. It goes without saying that the polymer solution must be arranged at a sufficient distance so that the polymer solution can be drawn and formed into nanofibers.
- the distribution density of the nanofiber flow 40 in the housing 60 is also shaded when one flow path suppressing unit 90 is arranged between the nanofiber generator 10 and the nanofiber collector 50. It is expressed by the density and is schematically shown in the figure. In FIG. 1, the darker the shaded color, the higher the distribution density, and the lighter the color, the lower the distribution density.
- the flow path of the nanofibers generated by the nanofiber generation device 10 is blocked by the flow path suppressing means 90, the distribution density of nanofibers in the area 41 immediately behind the flow path suppressing means 90 is shown. It becomes thin like.
- the linear flow of the nanofibers whose linear flight is suppressed by the flow path suppressing unit 90 is blocked and spreads in all directions in front of the flow path suppressing unit 90.
- the nanofibers are very light and the flow of the nanofibers is disturbed, the high density high density gas nanofibers on the flight center axis 31 of the flow of the high temperature and high speed gas stream 30 and the flow of the high temperature and high speed gas stream 30 already described.
- the thin nanofibers having a low density away from the flight center axis 31 are disturbed and mixed together and flow outside the flow path suppressing means 90, and the distribution density of the nanofibers in the area 42 becomes high as shown in the figure.
- the nanofibers having the distribution density in the area 42 are diffused and float on the gas flow in the housing 60, and the distribution density of the nanofibers in the areas 43 and 44 gradually decreases, and finally, Is suspended in the housing 60 in a state where all the nanofibers generated by the nanofiber generation device 10 are mixed and integrated, and the suction device 70 sucks the gas in the housing 60 to collect the nanofibers. It is collected by the collecting device 50. Therefore, the collected nanofiber sheet 52 can be manufactured as a homogeneous sheet over the entire surface of the sheet, as shown in FIG.
- the nanofiber collection device 50 is required to collect nanofibers having a uniform fiber diameter distribution over the entire nanofiber collection surface 51.
- a space sufficient for the nanofibers generated by the nanofiber generation device 10 to float inside the housing 60 is required.
- the distance 1 is a total spatial distance d (from the nanofiber generation device 10 to the housing 60 so that a sufficient space can be secured from the flow path suppressing means 90 to the nanofiber collection surface 51 of the nanofiber collection device 50.
- the distance 1 is 2/3 to 1/2 or more of the distance d between the nanofiber generation device 10 and the nanofiber collection device 50.
- the space surrounded by the outer peripheral lines 32, 32, and 33, 33 is an assumed space (assumed linear flight area 110) in which the agglomerates 45 such as droplets fly straight. Therefore, it is sufficient to suppress the flight of the aggregated particles 45 such as liquid droplets that fly in this assumed space.
- the size of the flow path suppressing means 90 is a plane parallel to the nanofiber collecting surface 51 at the position where the flow path suppressing means 90 is arranged, and an assumed space (an assumed linear flight area 110) in which a droplet or the like flies straight. ) Is more than the area to block That is, the nanofiber collecting surface 51 may be a bottom surface and the size may be equal to or larger than the vertical cross-sectional area parallel to the bottom surface of the quadrangular pyramid having the nanofiber generating device 10 as the apex. Of course, as described above, even if the dimension of the flow path suppressing means is smaller than the vertical cross-sectional area described above, the effect is sufficient.
- FIG. 3 shows the flow path suppressing means 90 for closing the assumed linear flight region 110, the flow path suppressing means 91 arranged far from the nanofiber collecting surface 51, and the flow path suppressing means arranged in the middle. 92 and the flow path suppressing means 93 arranged nearby are displayed at the same time.
- these flow path suppressing means 91, 92, 93 are installed in at least one place, but a plurality of them can be installed simultaneously if necessary.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the size and shape of the flow path suppressing means 90 (91, 92, 93).
- FIG. 4A shows a distance from the nanofiber collecting surface 51 and a distance from the nanofiber generating apparatus 10.
- the arrangement is such that the assumed space in which droplets and the like fly straight (the straight flight area outer periphery 111) and the flow path suppressing means 91 have the same size and the same shape.
- (B) is arranged at a middle distance from the nanofiber generation device 10, and the flow path suppressing unit 92 has the same shape as the assumed space (the straight flight area outer circumference 112) in which the liquid droplets fly straight. (Rectangle) and the size is increased.
- (C) is arranged at a distance from the nanofiber generation device 10 (distance close to the nanofiber collection surface 51), and the flow path suppressing means 93 assumes an assumed space (straight line) in which droplets fly straight.
- the shape is different from the target flight area outer circumference 113) (circular shape), and the size is increased. That is, the flow path suppressing means in (B) and (C) show another embodiment, and in (B), the surface 112 closed by the nanofiber collecting surface 51 and the flow path suppressing means 92 (the outer circumference of the linear flight region).
- (C) has a similar shape, and in (C), the flow path suppressing means 93 that covers this surface 113 (the outer circumference of the straight flight area) has a circular shape.
- the flow path suppressing unit 90 does not necessarily have to have a shape similar to the assumed surface 113 (the outer circumference of the straight flight area) to be closed by the flow path suppressing unit 90.
- the flow path suppressing means 92 has the shape and size shown in FIG. 4 (B)
- the four corners of the flow path suppressing means 92 are angular, and the flow of nanofibers suddenly changes near the four corners. In the case of a shape, there are no four corners, so the change in the flow of nanofibers becomes soft.
- the flow path suppressing means 90 may cover the linear flight area 110 (the flight area where the linear flight of nanofibers is assumed), and the flow path suppressing means 90 (91, 92, 93).
- the shape of is free.
- the essence of the present invention is to prevent the nanofibers produced and discharged by the nanofiber production apparatus 1 from directly flying to the nanofiber collection surface 51 of the nanofiber collection apparatus 50 by the high-temperature high-speed gas flow 30.
- the plate-shaped flow path suppressing means 90 is provided as the means has been described, but the flow path of the nanofiber is not limited to the plate-shaped member. Any means that suppresses
- the flow path suppressing means 90 of the present invention is not limited to being installed on the flight center axis 31 of the high-temperature high-speed gas flow, and the flight center axis from the ceiling surface, bottom surface, and upper and lower side surfaces of the housing 60. It is also possible to use a flow path suppressing means that extends to the 31 side and the flight center axis 31 portion forms an opening. In that case, the flow path suppressing means 90 (91, 92, 93) installed on the flight center axis 31 and the flow path suppression extending from the ceiling surface, the bottom surface, and the upper and lower side surfaces of the housing 60 to the flight center axis 31 side. It is desirable to install the means alternately.
- the size of the opening of the flight center axis 31 portion of the flow path suppressing means extending from the ceiling surface, the bottom surface, and the upper and lower side surfaces of the housing 60 to the flight center axis 31 side is the same as the flight center axis 31. It is preferable that the flow path suppressing means 90 (91, 92, 93) installed be made smaller than the size of the flow path suppressing means 90 (91, 92, 93) so that a linear flow path of nanofibers is not formed.
- the present invention particularly relates to an apparatus and a manufacturing method for producing nanofibers from a polymer solution dissolved in a solvent, in which droplets or small polymer agglomerates 45 in which the polymer solution fails to become nanofibers are formed.
- a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus suitable for manufacturing a uniform nanofiber sheet without directly damaging the nanofiber collecting surface 51 of the nanofiber collecting apparatus 50 and damaging the collected nanofiber laminated surface. And a manufacturing method.
- Nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 10 nanofiber production apparatus 11 solution discharge nozzle 12 hot air discharge nozzle 20 polymer solution 30 high-temperature high-speed gas flow 31 flight center axes 32, 33 of flight path of high-temperature high-speed gas
- the trajectory line of the outer circumference of the linear flight area 110 where the linear flight of the droplet is assumed) 40 Nanofiber flow (flying state of nanofiber) 41, 42, 43, 44 Area 45 showing distribution density of scattered nanofibers 45
- Agglomerate 50 Nanofiber collecting device 51 Nanofiber collecting surface 52 Nanofiber sheet (present invention) 55 Nanofiber sheet (prior art) 60 housing 61 curtain 62 tubular housing (prior art) 70 Suction device 80 Suction flow M fan motor 90 Flow path suppressing means 91, 92, 93 Flow path suppressing means 110 arranged at another position in parallel with the nanofiber collecting surface 110 Linear flight area 111, 112, 113 Linear flight Area perimeter
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Abstract
Description
また、本明細書では、具体的には、原材料ポリマーを熱で溶融した溶融液、又は原材料ポリマーを揮発性溶媒で溶解した溶解液を原料として使用するものであるが、両方を含む溶液を意味する場合には、単に「溶液」又は「ポリマー溶液」との用語を用いる。
前記ナノファイバー生成装置は、原料ポリマー溶液を吐出する溶液吐出ノズルと高圧の高温高速ガスを吐出する熱風吐出ノズルとを有し、
前記ナノファイバー捕集装置は、前記筐体の一面に形成されたナノファイバー捕集面と該ナノファイバー捕集面の裏面側から前記筐体内のガスを吸引する吸引装置とを有し、
前記ナノファイバー生成装置により生成されるナノファイバー吐出流の下流側には、前記ナノファイバー生成装置から前記ナノファイバー捕集面に直線的に向かうナノファイバー吐出流を抑制する少なくとも一つの流路抑制手段を備えたことを特徴とする。
前記ナノファイバー生成装置は、原料ポリマー溶液を吐出する溶液吐出ノズルと高圧の高温高速ガスを吐出する熱風吐出ノズルと、を有しており、
前記ナノファイバー捕集装置は、前記筐体の一面に形成されたナノファイバー捕集面と該ナノファイバー捕集面の裏面側から前記筐体内のガスを吸引する吸引装置と、を有しており、
前記ナノファイバー生成装置により生成されるナノファイバー吐出流の下流側であって前記ナノファイバー生成装置から前記ナノファイバー捕集面の間に、少なくとも一つの流路抑制手段を備え、前記ナノファイバー生成装置から前記ナノファイバー捕集面に直線的に向かうナノファイバー吐出流を抑制することによって、自由に浮遊するナノファイバーを捕集することを特徴とする。
前記ナノファイバー生成装置と前記ナノファイバー捕集装置のナノファイバー捕集面との間に少なくとも一つの流路抑制手段を備えて、前記ナノファイバー生成装置で吐出されるナノファイバー吐出流の直線的な飛翔を抑制し、ナノファイバーに生成し損ねて生じる液滴等の塊粒が前記捕集装置のナノファイバー捕集面に飛翔して直撃するのを抑制するようにしたことを特徴とする。
10 ナノファイバー生成装置
11 溶液吐出ノズル
12 熱風吐出ノズル
20 ポリマー溶液
30 高温高速ガス流
31 高温高速ガス流の飛翔中心軸
32、33 飛翔軌跡外周線(高温高速ガス流によってポリマー液滴の直線状飛翔が想定される直線的飛翔領域110の外周の軌跡線)
40 ナノファイバー流(ナノファイバーの飛翔状態)
41,42,43,44 飛散ナノファイバーの分布密度を示す区域
45 塊粒
50 ナノファイバー捕集装置
51 ナノファイバー捕集面
52 ナノファイバーシート(本願発明)
55 ナノファイバーシート(従来技術)
60 筐体
61 カーテン
62 筒状ハウジング(従来技術)
70 吸引装置
80 吸引流
M ファンモーター
90 流路抑制手段
91,92,93 ナノファイバー捕集面と並行に別の位置に配置した流路抑制手段
110 直線的飛翔領域
111,112,113 直線的飛翔領域外周
Claims (7)
- 筐体と、該筐体内に設けられたナノファイバー生成装置と、当該ナノファイバー生成装置で吐出生成されたナノファイバーを捕集するナノファイバー捕集装置と、を備えたナノファイバー製造装置であって、
前記ナノファイバー生成装置は、原料ポリマー溶液を吐出する溶液吐出ノズルと高圧の高温高速ガスを吐出する熱風吐出ノズルと、を有し、
前記ナノファイバー捕集装置は、前記筐体の一面に形成されたナノファイバー捕集面と該ナノファイバー捕集面の裏面側から前記筐体内のガスを吸引する吸引装置とを有し、
前記ナノファイバー生成装置により生成されるナノファイバー吐出流の下流側には、前記ナノファイバー生成装置から前記ナノファイバー捕集面に直線的に向かうナノファイバー吐出流を抑制する少なくとも一つの流路抑制手段を備えたことを特徴とするナノファイバー製造装置。 - 前記流路抑制手段により、前記ナノファイバー生成装置から前記ナノファイバー捕集面に直線的に向かうナノファイバー吐出流の生成を抑制して、生成されたナノファイバーを前記筐体内に浮遊させて、前記ナノファイバー捕集面を介して、前記筐体内のガスを前記吸引装置により吸引して、当該ナノファイバー捕集面上にナノファイバーを捕集するように構成したことを特徴とする請求項1記載のナノファイバー製造装置。
- 前記流路抑制手段は、前記ナノファイバー生成装置で吐出される直線的なナノファイバー吐出流の生成を抑制し、ナノファイバーに生成し損ねて生じた塊粒が前記ナノファイバー捕集装置のナノファイバー捕集面に直線的に飛翔して直撃するのを抑制するために、前記ナノファイバー生成装置と前記ナノファイバー捕集装置のナノファイバー捕集面との間に少なくとも一つ備えたことを特徴とする請求項1記載のナノファイバー製造装置。
- 前記流路抑制手段の大きさは、前記ナノファイバー生成装置と前記ナノファイバー捕集装置のナノファイバー捕集面の各頂点とを結んだ想定線で形成される直線的飛翔領域の外周より大きく構成したことを特徴とする請求項1記載のナノファイバー製造装置。
- 前記流路抑制手段を設置する位置は、前記ナノファイバー生成装置と前記ナノファイバー捕集装置のナノファイバー捕集面との間の距離をdとしたとき、前記流路抑制手段をナノファイバー捕集面からd/2以上離した位置に設置したことを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載のナノファイバー製造装置。
- 筐体と、該筐体内に設けられたナノファイバー生成装置と、当該ナノファイバー生成装置で吐出生成されたナノファイバーを捕集するナノファイバー捕集装置と、を備えたナノファイバー製造装置を用いたナノファイバー製造方法であって、
前記ナノファイバー生成装置は、原料ポリマー溶液を吐出する溶液吐出ノズルと高圧の高温高速ガスを吐出する熱風吐出ノズルと、を有しており、
前記ナノファイバー捕集装置は、前記筐体の一面に形成されたナノファイバー捕集面と該ナノファイバー捕集面の裏面側から前記筐体内のガスを吸引する吸引装置と、を有しており、
前記ナノファイバー生成装置により生成されるナノファイバー吐出流の下流側であって前記ナノファイバー生成装置から前記ナノファイバー捕集面の間に、少なくとも一つの流路抑制手段を備え、前記ナノファイバー生成装置から前記ナノファイバー捕集面に直線的に向かうナノファイバー吐出流を抑制することによって、自由に浮遊するナノファイバーを捕集することを特徴とするナノファイバー製造装置。 - 原料ポリマー溶液を吐出する溶液吐出ノズルと高圧の高温高速ガスを吐出する熱風吐出ノズルから成るナノファイバー生成装置と、当該ナノファイバー生成装置で吐出生成されたナノファイバーを捕集するナノファイバー捕集装置と、を備えたナノファイバー製造装置を用いたナノファイバー製造方法において、
前記ナノファイバー生成装置と前記ナノファイバー捕集装置のナノファイバー捕集面との間に少なくとも一つの流路抑制手段を備えて、前記ナノファイバー生成装置で吐出されるナノファイバー吐出流の直線的な飛翔を抑制し、ナノファイバーに生成し損ねて生じる塊粒が前記ナノファイバー捕集装置のナノファイバー捕集面に飛翔して直撃するのを抑制することを特徴とするナノファイバー製造方法。
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- 2019-10-09 WO PCT/JP2019/039888 patent/WO2020075774A2/ja active Application Filing
- 2019-10-09 JP JP2020551209A patent/JPWO2020075774A1/ja active Pending
- 2019-10-09 CA CA3118242A patent/CA3118242A1/en active Pending
- 2019-10-09 CN CN201980077059.1A patent/CN113166975A/zh active Pending
- 2019-10-09 AU AU2019357524A patent/AU2019357524A1/en not_active Abandoned
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JP2012127008A (ja) | 2010-12-13 | 2012-07-05 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | ナノファイバー不織布の製造方法及び装置 |
JP2016023399A (ja) | 2014-11-08 | 2016-02-08 | ゼプト 株式会社 | ナノファイバー形成用噴射ノズルヘッドおよびナノファイバー形成用噴射ノズルヘッドを具備するナノファイバーの製造装置 |
JP2016183435A (ja) | 2015-03-26 | 2016-10-20 | セイントフォース株式会社 | ナノファイバー製造装置及びナノファイバー製造方法 |
JP2015145880A (ja) | 2015-04-03 | 2015-08-13 | 株式会社ナビタイムジャパン | 経路探索システム、経路探索方法、および、プログラム |
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JP2020153027A (ja) * | 2019-03-19 | 2020-09-24 | エム・テックス株式会社 | ナノファイバー集積体の製造方法、ナノファイバー集積体の製造装置、及び、ナノファイバー集積体 |
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PH12021551045A1 (en) | 2021-12-06 |
US20210372008A1 (en) | 2021-12-02 |
SG11202104341VA (en) | 2021-05-28 |
EP3865609A2 (en) | 2021-08-18 |
CN113166975A (zh) | 2021-07-23 |
KR20210066885A (ko) | 2021-06-07 |
CA3118242A1 (en) | 2020-04-16 |
AU2019357524A1 (en) | 2021-06-03 |
JPWO2020075774A1 (ja) | 2021-10-07 |
WO2020075774A3 (ja) | 2020-06-04 |
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