WO2020073654A1 - 冷凝式油水分离装置 - Google Patents

冷凝式油水分离装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020073654A1
WO2020073654A1 PCT/CN2019/087125 CN2019087125W WO2020073654A1 WO 2020073654 A1 WO2020073654 A1 WO 2020073654A1 CN 2019087125 W CN2019087125 W CN 2019087125W WO 2020073654 A1 WO2020073654 A1 WO 2020073654A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
plate
sewage
degreasing
condensing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/087125
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周本留
姜文杰
江德龙
王英
Original Assignee
山东名流餐处装备股份有限公司
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Application filed by 山东名流餐处装备股份有限公司 filed Critical 山东名流餐处装备股份有限公司
Publication of WO2020073654A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020073654A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of oily sewage separation equipment, in particular to a condensing oil-water separation device.
  • An oil-water separation cooling device includes a filter box, a separation box, an oil storage tank, an oil suction roller, an oil scraper, and a motor.
  • the filter box is provided on the upper side of the separation box, and a filter plate is provided between the filter box and the separation box.
  • the oil separation roller is installed on the side of the separation box away from the filter box.
  • the oil absorption roller is connected to the motor.
  • One end of the oil scraper plate is in contact with the oil suction roller.
  • the other end of the oil scraper plate extends to the upper side of the oil storage tank.
  • a water pump is provided in the middle of the liquid distribution pipe; the cooling liquid filters the iron filings in the filter box, and the cooling liquid flows into the separation box from the upper side, and flows from the upper side
  • the heat is dissipated in the following process, and the oil suction roller absorbs the lubricating oil floating in the cooling liquid and flows into the oil storage tank through the action of the oil scraper to complete the separation of the oil and liquid.
  • the separation methods of the existing oil-water separation equipment can be roughly divided into gravity separation, centrifugal separation, electrical separation, adsorption separation, and air floatation separation.
  • These oil-water separation methods have their own substantial defects, and the oil-water separation time is long. 3.
  • Low oil extraction efficiency and low oil purity For example, the gravity separation method adopts the form of a sedimentation tank, which will cause the liquid flow to exist in a dead zone, and some liquid cannot be replaced by flow. The organic matter in the water will gradually decay and smell; the air floatation separation method will A large amount of odor is generated; the maintenance of power components of centrifugal separation equipment is difficult, and currently only used in laboratory analysis equipment.
  • the present invention provides a high-efficiency liquid-liquid separation of oil and water through the different freezing points of oil and water, in the temperature range where the oil reaches the condensation point and the water does not reach the condensation point
  • the oil-water separation equipment with high degree of automation, high oil extraction efficiency, complete separation of oil and water residues, high oil extraction purity, saving manpower and material resources, no odor generation, and avoiding secondary pollution.
  • a condensing oil-water separation device is provided with a closed case and a cover plate, a control device and a sewage device.
  • the side wall of the case communicates with the sewage inlet pipe, and is characterized in that the case is provided with a condensing and oil-lifting mechanism. Oil scraping mechanism, oil removing mechanism and cooling and heating system,
  • the condensing oil lifting mechanism includes a condensing plate and a condensing plate lifting device.
  • the condensing plate is connected to the chassis cover plate via the condensing plate lifting device.
  • the condensing plate lifting device is driven by the control device.
  • the oil scraping mechanism includes an oil scraping plate, a mobile oil storage tank, an oil pushing plate, an oil pushing docking plate, and an oil scraping plate moving device.
  • the oil scraping plate is located in the chassis.
  • the lower end of the oil scraping plate is fixedly connected to the mobile oil storage tank.
  • the two ends of the mobile oil storage tank are connected with the oil scraper moving devices fixed on both sides in the chassis, so as to facilitate the oil scraper moving device to drive the oil scraper to reciprocate horizontally and scrape the condensed oil on the lower end of the condensation plate.
  • the oil scraped by the oil scraping plate is collected by the mobile oil storage tank, and an oil pushing plate is slidingly connected in the mobile oil storage tank, a side of the oil pushing plate is provided with a oil pushing docking plate, and the oil pushing docking plate is provided with a docking protrusion or Docking groove,
  • the degreasing mechanism includes a degreasing tank, a degreasing plate, a degreasing connecting plate, a degreasing driving device, and an oil receiving barrel.
  • the degreasing tank is fixed on the outside of the chassis.
  • a degreasing plate is slidably disposed in the degreasing tank.
  • An oil outlet is provided on the lower bottom surface of the oil removal tank, and an oil removal drive device is provided on the oil removal tank, the oil removal plate is driven by the oil removal drive device, and the oil removal drive device is driven by the control device.
  • One side of the board is provided with a degreasing connecting plate, and the other side of the degreasing connecting plate is provided with a connecting groove or connecting protrusion to facilitate the connecting groove or connecting protrusion with the degreasing connecting plate.
  • the oil pushing docking plate is docked with the oil removing connecting plate.
  • the oil pushing docking plate is driven by the oil removal driving device fixed on the oil removal tank.
  • the oil pipe is connected to the oil receiving barrel, and the oil removal driving device is driven by the control device,
  • the sewage device includes a sewage pump and a sewage drainage tank.
  • the inlet of the sewage pump is connected to the bottom of the chassis.
  • the outlet of the sewage pump is connected to the sewage receiving tank through the sewage pipe.
  • the sewage pump is driven by the control device;
  • the refrigeration and heating system of the present invention uses a heat pump system, which includes a compressor, a water-cooled condenser, a cold-plate evaporator, an electronic expansion valve, a filter, and an oil-removing condenser.
  • the water-cooled condenser is installed at the bottom of the chassis.
  • the cold plate evaporator is installed on the condensing plate to facilitate the cooling of the condensing plate, and the lower end surface of the condensing plate reaches the instantaneous solidification of liquid oil into grease.
  • the degreasing condenser is installed at the bottom of the degreasing tank to facilitate the entry into the degreasing tank The oil is heated to melt the grease in the degreasing tank into a fluid.
  • the compressor's exhaust port is connected to one end of the water-cooled condenser and the deoiling condenser by pipes, and the other end of the water-cooling condenser and the deoiling condenser After being connected to the throttling device by pipeline, it is connected to one end of the cold plate evaporator through the pipeline, and the other end of the cold plate evaporator is finally connected to the suction port of the compressor by the pipeline.
  • the cooling and heating system is controlled by the control device.
  • the liquid with oil, water and slag is injected into the cabinet through the connecting pipe, the control device activates the cooling and heating system and the condensing and oil extraction mechanism, and the condensing plate lifting device drives the condensing plate to move downward when condensing
  • the condensing plate lifting device stops moving down, and the lower end surface of the condensing plate lowers the temperature of the oil on the surface of the condensing plate under the action of the cold plate evaporator to become grease and adhere to the condensing plate.
  • the condensing plate lifting device drives the condensing plate to carry grease away from the liquid surface and then rises to the upper end of the oil scraping mechanism of the oil scraping mechanism to stop.
  • the control device instructs the oil scraping plate moving device in the oil scraping mechanism to move, driving the oil scraping plate along the lower end of the condensing plate Make a linear movement, scrape the condensed grease on the lower end of the condensation plate into the mobile oil storage tank.
  • the oil removal connection plate in the mobile oil removal tank is located at the end of the mobile oil removal tank.
  • the oil scraper moving device continues to drive the oil scraper to move until it contacts the side of the oil degreasing tank.
  • the oil removal connecting plate in the mobile oil storage tank is inserted into the oil pushing docking board, the control device instructs the oil removal driving device to move, driving the oil pushing docking board to slide along the oil removing tank, and driving the oil removal connecting board to move Grease is pushed into the degreasing tank.
  • the bottom of the degreasing tank is connected to the heat end of the cooling and heating system (degreasing condenser), the grease is quickly melted into oil, and the oil flows into the oil receiving barrel through the oil outlet and the oil outlet pipe.
  • the present invention uses the freezing point of oil and water to be different. In the temperature range where the oil reaches the condensation point and the water does not reach the condensation point, the oil and water are realized High-efficiency separation and high oil extraction efficiency and high oil extraction purity.
  • the invention can be provided with a slag screen in the cabinet, which is sealedly connected with the inner wall of the cabinet around the slag screen, so as to prevent the large particulate matter in the oil water from rising to the upper part of the slag screen, and further purify the purity of the oil-water separation .
  • the invention can be provided with a sewage lifting backwashing mechanism in the sewage discharge device on the side of the chassis, which includes a backwashing tube and a filtering device, and one end of the backwashing tube extends through the side wall of the chassis under the slag screen inside the chassis, The other end is connected to a sewage pipe.
  • a filter device is installed on the backwash pipe to facilitate the filtering of the liquid entering the backwash pipe.
  • a number of small through holes are staggered on the side wall of the backwash pipe.
  • the invention can be provided with a sewage drainage pipe on one side of the sewage drainage box, and a sewage drainage valve is provided on the sewage drainage pipe, so as to avoid opening the sewage drainage valve when the sewage pump cannot work normally.
  • the sewage in the chassis is discharged through the sewage emptying pipeline, which ensures the normal operation of the oil separation in the chassis.
  • the invention can be provided with an overflow port on the upper part of the side wall of the cabinet, and the overflow port is connected with the sewage drainage pipe through the overflow pipe, so that the invention always keeps normal operation during the separation process, and the overflow There is a one-way valve on the pipe to help prevent the sewage from flowing back into the cabinet through the overflow port when the sewage is lifted.
  • the bottom surface of the chassis of the present invention adopts a tilted chassis bottom, which gradually slopes from the end away from the sewage pump to the end of the sewage pump, so that the debris isolated by the slag screen flows into the proximal end of the sewage pump along the inclined chassis bottom, and the sewage The pump pumps out, which further improves the discharge capacity.
  • the bottom of the oil removal tank of the present invention is inclined, and the oil outlet is located at the lowest point of the bottom of the oil removal tank, so that the oil recovered to the liquid state automatically flows into the oil receiving barrel through the oil outlet to achieve the function of automatic collection
  • the oil outlet is provided with an oil filter device to further improve the cleanliness and purity of oil products.
  • the condensing plate lifting device of the present invention includes a cold plate reducer, a cold plate screw, and a cold plate guide rod.
  • a cold plate reducer is provided in the center of the chassis cover at the upper end of the chassis, and guide perforations are provided on both sides.
  • the cold plate reducer is controlled by the control device, the lower end of the cold plate screw is fixedly connected to the condensation plate, the upper end is connected to the output shaft of the cold plate reducer, the lower end of the cold plate guide rod passes through the guide hole, and the lower end is connected to the condensation plate
  • the fixed connection is beneficial to drive the condenser plate through the cold plate reducer to move up and down along the guide hole under the action of the cold plate guide rod.
  • the condensation plate lifting device of the present invention may also be composed of a cold plate cylinder and a cold plate guide rod.
  • a cold plate cylinder is provided in the center of the cabinet cover plate at the upper end of the cabinet, and guide perforations are provided on both sides.
  • the cold plate cylinder is controlled by a control device, the lower end of the telescopic rod of the cold plate cylinder is fixedly connected to the condensation plate, and the lower end of the cold plate guide rod is fixedly connected to the condensation plate after passing through the guide hole.
  • an upper cover plate can be sealed at the upper end of the cover plate of the cabinet, and the upper cover plate is hermetically connected to the cabinet around to prevent secondary odor from being emitted into the air.
  • the oil scraping plate moving device of the present invention is composed of an oil scraping reducer, a moving screw, a guide slide, a slider, and a moving nut.
  • the moving screw and the guide slide are respectively provided in the chassis on both sides of the condensation plate ,
  • One end of the moving screw is fixedly connected to the chassis via a bearing and a bearing seat, and the other end is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the oil-scraping reducer fixed on the chassis.
  • the moving screw is threadedly connected with a moving nut and the guide Two ends of the slideway are fixedly connected to the chassis respectively, a slider is slidingly connected to the guide slideway, one end of the mobile oil storage tank is fixedly connected to the moving nut, and the other end is fixedly connected to the slider, and the oil scraping reducer passes through the control device control.
  • the degreasing driving device of the present invention may be composed of a degreasing reducer and a degreasing screw.
  • the degreasing screw is provided in a degreasing groove, and one end of the degreasing screw is fixedly connected to the degreasing groove via a bearing and a bearing seat , The other end is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the degreasing reducer fixed at one end of the degreasing tank.
  • the degreasing screw is screwed to the oil pushing docking plate, and the degreasing reducer is driven by the control device to facilitate the degreasing
  • the reducer drives the degreasing screw to rotate, driving the oil pushing butt plate to move linearly along the side wall of the degreasing tank, and push the oil in the fluid storage tank that has been in fluid state to the bottom of the degreasing tank, and then automatically flow to the slope of the degreasing tank to Connect to the oil drum.
  • the degreasing driving device of the present invention may also be composed of a degreasing cylinder and a pushing oil docking plate.
  • the degreasing cylinder is fixed at one end of the degreasing tank, and one end of the telescopic rod of the degreasing cylinder is fixedly connected to the pushing oil docking plate in the degreasing tank.
  • the degreasing cylinder is driven by the control device to facilitate the linear movement of the oil pushing butt plate by the degreasing cylinder along the side wall of the degreasing tank, pushing the fluid in the oil storage tank to the bottom of the degreasing tank, and then along the degreasing tank
  • the slope of the oil tank automatically flows into the oil receiving barrel.
  • One end of the upper cover plate of the present invention is hinged to the case via a hinge, and the two sides are respectively connected to the case via gas springs, so as to facilitate the upper cover plate to drive the condensation plate to open together, and thus to facilitate the maintenance and repair function .
  • the control device of the present invention includes a PLC controller, a control panel, a cold plate temperature sensor, a high liquid level sensor, a low liquid level sensor, a condensing plate upper limit position sensor, an oil scraper left position sensor and an oil scraper right position sensor, sewage Temperature sensor, front position sensor of degreasing plate and rear position sensor of degreasing plate, the cold plate temperature sensor, high level sensor, low level sensor, upper limit position sensor of condensing plate, left position sensor of oil scraper, right side of oil scraper
  • the position sensor, the sewage temperature sensor, the position sensor in front of the degreasing plate, and the position sensor in the back of the degreasing plate are respectively connected to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller is connected to the control panel,
  • the cold plate temperature sensor is provided on the condensation plate, so that the cold plate temperature sensor controls the condensation temperature of the cold plate evaporator and uploads it to the PLC controller;
  • the chassis is provided with a high liquid level sensor and a low liquid level sensor.
  • the high liquid level sensor and the low liquid level sensor can simultaneously detect the upper and lower liquid levels of the liquid in the chassis, and the low liquid level sensor controls the condensation plate
  • the execution of the downstream oil extraction is controlled by the high level sensor to control the condensation plate to the oil extraction position to condense the oil extraction and upload the information to the PLC controller;
  • the upper cover position sensor of the condensing plate is provided on the cover plate of the cabinet, and the upper limit position of the condensing plate is controlled by the upper limit position sensor of the condensing plate to wait for the action of the oil scraping mechanism and upload the information to the PLC controller;
  • the left side of the chassis is provided with a left position sensor of the oil scraper, and the right side is provided with a right position sensor of the oil scraper, and the left and right oil scraping strokes of the oil scraper are controlled by the left position sensor of the oil scraper and the right position sensor of the oil scraper , And upload the information in the PLC controller;
  • the bottom of the chassis is provided with a sewage temperature sensor, and the sewage temperature sensor is used to control the temperature of the oil-containing sewage in the chassis to control the execution of the downstream oil extraction of the condensation plate, and upload the information to the PLC controller;
  • the front position sensor of the degreasing tank is provided at the front end of the degreasing tank, and the rear position sensor of the degreasing plate is arranged at the rear end. Upload in PLC controller.
  • the present invention has the advantages of novel structure, high degree of automation, great saving of manpower and material resources, high oil extraction efficiency, high oil purity, etc. due to the above structure.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a left side view of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 4 is a right side view of Fig. 1.
  • a condensing oil-water separation device is provided with a closed cabinet 1 and a cabinet cover 2, a control device 3 and a sewage device 4.
  • the side wall of the cabinet 1 communicates with the sewage inlet pipe 5 and its features
  • the chassis 1 is provided with a condensing oil lifting mechanism 6, an oil scraping mechanism 7, an oil removing mechanism 8 and a cooling and heating system 9,
  • the condensing oil lifting mechanism 6 includes a condensing plate 10 and a condensing plate lifting device.
  • the condensing plate 10 is connected to the chassis cover 2 via the condensing plate lifting device.
  • the condensing plate lifting device is driven by a control device.
  • the oil scraping mechanism includes an oil scraping plate 11, a movable oil storage tank 12, an oil pushing plate 13, an oil pushing docking plate 14, and an oil scraping plate moving device.
  • the oil scraping plate 11 is located in the chassis 1, and the lower end of the oil scraping plate 11 is
  • the mobile oil storage tank 12 is fixedly connected, and both ends of the mobile oil storage tank 12 are connected to the oil scraper moving devices fixed on both sides in the chassis 1 to facilitate the oil scraper moving device to drive the oil scraper 11 to reciprocate horizontally.
  • the condensed oil at the lower end of the condensing plate 10 is scraped off, and then the oil scraped by the oil scraping plate 11 is collected by the mobile oil storage tank 12.
  • the mobile oil storage tank 12 is slidingly connected with an oil pushing plate 13.
  • the oil pushing plate 13 is provided on one side There is an oil pushing butt plate 14, the oil pushing butt plate 14 is provided with butt bumps or butt grooves,
  • the degreasing mechanism 8 includes a degreasing tank 15, a degreasing plate 16, a degreasing connecting plate 17, a degreasing driving device, and an oil receiving barrel 18.
  • the degreasing tank 15 is fixed on the outside of the chassis 1, and the degreasing tank 15 slides
  • An oil removal plate is provided, and an oil outlet hole is provided on the lower bottom surface of the oil removal groove 15.
  • An oil removal drive device is provided on the oil removal groove 15. The oil removal plate 16 is driven by the oil removal drive device.
  • the driving device is driven by the control device, and one side of the degreasing plate 16 is provided with a degreasing connecting plate 17, and the other side of the degreasing connecting plate 17 is provided with a connecting groove or a connecting bump to facilitate the connection with the degreasing connecting plate 17 connection groove or connection projection, when the oil scraping mechanism is moved to the side of the oil removal mechanism via the oil scraper moving device, the oil pushing docking plate 14 is docked with the oil removing joint plate 17, the oil pushing docking plate 14 is fixed at The oil removal drive device on the oil removal tank 15 is driven, the lower end of the oil outlet is connected to the oil receiving barrel 18 through an oil outlet pipe, and the oil removal drive device is driven by a control device,
  • the sewage device includes a sewage pump 19 and a sewage drainage tank 20.
  • the inlet of the sewage pump 19 communicates with the bottom of the cabinet 1.
  • the outlet of the sewage pump 19 communicates with the sewage receiving tank through the sewage pipe 21.
  • the sewage pump 19 passes through the control device drive;
  • the refrigeration and heating system of the present invention uses a heat pump system, which includes a compressor, a water-cooled condenser 22, a cold-plate evaporator 23, an electronic expansion valve, a filter, and a degreasing condenser 24.
  • the water-cooled condenser 22 is installed in the cabinet 1.
  • the cold plate evaporator 23 is installed on the condensing plate 10 to facilitate the cooling of the condensing plate, and the lower end surface of the condensing plate 10 is instantaneously solidified into liquid oil to form grease.
  • the degreasing condenser 24 is installed in the degreasing tank 15 bottom, to facilitate heating of the oil entering the degreasing tank 15 to melt the grease in the degreasing tank 15 into a fluid, and the exhaust port of the compressor is connected to the water-cooled condenser 22 and the deoiling condenser 24 by pipes, respectively At one end, the other ends of the water-cooled condenser 22 and the oil-removing condenser 24 are connected to the throttling device by pipes, and then connected to one end of the cold plate evaporator 23 through pipes, and the other end of the cold plate evaporator 23 is finally connected by pipes
  • the suction port of the compressor, the cooling and heating system is controlled by the control device,
  • the condensing plate lifting device stops moving down, and the lower end surface of the condensing plate 10 lowers the temperature of the oil on the surface of the condensed plate under the action of the cold plate evaporator to become grease and adhere to the condensing plate 10, and then, the condensation plate 10 is driven by the condensation plate lifting device to carry the grease away from the liquid surface and then rises to the upper end of the oil scraping plate 11 of the oil scraping mechanism to stop.
  • the control device commands the action of the oil scraping plate moving device in the oil scraping mechanism to drive the scraping
  • the oil plate 11 moves linearly along the lower end of the condensing plate 10, and scrapes the condensed grease on the lower end of the condensing plate 10 into the mobile oil storage tank.
  • the oil removal connecting plate 17 in the mobile oil removal tank 12 is located in the mobile oil removal tank 12 At one end, after the oil scraper 11 wipes all the grease on the lower end surface of the condensing plate 10 and guides it into the mobile degreasing tank 15 through the oil scraper 11, the oil scraper moving device continues to drive the oil scraper 11 to move until The oil tank 15 stops contacting on one side.
  • the oil removal connecting plate 17 in the mobile oil storage tank 12 is inserted into the oil pushing docking plate 14.
  • the control device commands the oil removal driving device to drive the oil pushing docking plate 14 along the oil removing tank 15. Slide and drive the degreasing connecting plate 17 to move the grease in the degreasing tank 15 into the degreasing tank. Because the bottom of the degreasing tank 15 is connected to the heat end of the cooling and heating system (degreasing condenser), the grease quickly melts into oil The oil and oil flow into the oil receiving barrel 18 through the oil outlet and the oil outlet pipe. Repeat the above actions repeatedly to separate the oil and water on the surface of the oil.
  • the invention uses different freezing points of oil and water. The temperature range of the condensation point and the water does not reach the condensation point achieves the efficient separation of oil and water, and achieves the advantages of high oil extraction efficiency and high oil extraction purity.
  • a slag screen 25 can be provided in the cabinet 1.
  • the slag screen 25 is sealed and connected to the inner wall of the cabinet 1 to prevent large particles in the oil from rising to the upper part of the slag screen 25 for further purification.
  • a sewage lifting backwashing mechanism can be provided in the sewage device on the side of the chassis 1, which includes a backwashing tube 26 and a filtering device, and one end of the backwashing tube 26 extends into the partition inside the chassis 1 through the side wall of the chassis 1 Below the slag mesh screen 25, the other end is connected to the drain pipe 21, and a filter device is installed on the backwash pipe 26 to facilitate the filtering of the liquid entering the backwash pipe 26, and the backwash pipe 26 is on the side wall
  • a sewage emptying pipe 27 may be provided on one side of the sewage drain box 20, and a sewage emptying valve 28 is provided on the sewage emptying pipe 27, so as to avoid opening the sewage when the sewage pump cannot work normally
  • the emptying valve 28 allows the sewage in the cabinet 1 to be discharged through the sewage emptying pipe 27, ensuring the normal operation of oil separation in the cabinet.
  • the present invention can be provided with an overflow port on the upper part of the side wall of the cabinet 1, and the overflow port communicates with the sewage emptying pipe 27 through the overflow pipe 29, so that the present invention always maintains normal operation during the separation process.
  • the overflow pipe 29 is provided with a one-way valve 30, so as to prevent the sewage from flowing back into the cabinet through the overflow port when the sewage is lifted.
  • the bottom surface of the chassis 1 of the present invention adopts an inclined chassis bottom 31, which gradually slopes from the end away from the sewage pump 19 toward the end of the sewage pump 19, so that the debris separated by the slag screen 25 flows into the sewage pump along the inclined chassis bottom 31 19 near the end, and pumped by the sewage pump 19, which further improves the sewage discharge capacity.
  • the bottom of the degreasing tank 15 of the present invention is inclined, and the oil outlet is located at the lowest point of the bottom of the degreasing tank 15, so that the oil returned to the liquid state automatically flows into the oil receiving barrel 18 through the oil outlet to achieve automatic
  • an oil filter device is provided in the oil outlet hole to further improve the cleanliness and purity of the oil product.
  • the filtering device of the present invention may use existing technologies such as absorbent cotton, which will not be repeated here.
  • the condensing plate lifting device of the present invention includes a cold plate reducer 32, a cold plate screw 33 and a cold plate guide rod 34.
  • the center of the chassis cover 2 at the upper end of the chassis 1 is provided with a cold plate reducer 32 on each side.
  • the cold plate reducer 32 is controlled by the control device 3
  • the lower end of the cold plate screw 33 is fixedly connected to the condensation plate 10
  • the upper end is connected to the output shaft of the cold plate reducer 32, the cold plate guide
  • the lower end of the rod 34 is fixedly connected to the condensation plate 10 to facilitate the cold plate reducer 32 to drive the condensation plate 10 to move up and down along the guide hole under the action of the cold plate guide rod 34.
  • the condensation plate lifting device of the present invention may also be composed of a cold plate cylinder and a cold plate guide rod.
  • a cold plate cylinder is provided in the center of the cabinet cover plate at the upper end of the cabinet, and guide perforations are provided on both sides.
  • the cold plate cylinder is controlled by a control device, the lower end of the telescopic rod of the cold plate cylinder is fixedly connected to the condensation plate, and the lower end of the cold plate guide rod is fixedly connected to the condensation plate after passing through the guide hole.
  • an upper cover plate 35 is sealed on the upper end of the cabinet cover plate 2, and the upper cover cover plate 35 is hermetically connected to the cabinet 1 around to prevent odor from being emitted into the air and forming secondary pollution.
  • the oil scraper moving device of the present invention is composed of an oil scraping reducer 36, a moving screw 37, a guide slide 38, a slider 39, and a moving nut 40.
  • the moving screw 37 and the guide slide 38 are respectively provided in In the case 1 on both sides of the condensation plate 10, one end of the moving screw 37 is fixedly connected to the case 1 via bearings and bearing seats, and the other end is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the oil scraping reducer 36 fixed on the case 1.
  • a moving nut 40 is threadedly connected to the moving screw 37, two ends of the guide slide 38 are fixedly connected to the chassis 1 respectively, a slide 39 is slidingly connected to the guide slide 38, and one end of the moving oil storage tank 12 is connected to the moving
  • the nut 40 is fixedly connected, and the other end is fixedly connected with the slider 39, and the oil scraper reducer 36 is controlled by a control device.
  • the degreasing driving device of the present invention may be composed of a degreasing reducer 41 and a degreasing screw 42.
  • the degreasing screw 42 is provided in a degreasing groove 15.
  • One end of the degreasing screw 42 passes through a bearing and a bearing seat It is fixedly connected to the degreasing tank 15, and the other end is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the degreasing reducer 41 fixed at one end of the degreasing tank 15.
  • the degreasing screw 42 is screwed to the oil pushing docking plate 14.
  • the degreasing reducer 41 is driven by the control device to facilitate the rotation of the degreasing screw 42 by the degreasing reducer 41, driving the oil pushing butt plate 14 to move linearly along the side wall of the oil degreasing tank 15, and pushing the oil in the fluid storage tank 12 that is already in a fluid state To the bottom of the degreasing tank 15, and then automatically flows into the oil receiving barrel 18 along the slope of the degreasing tank 15.
  • the degreasing driving device of the present invention may also be composed of a degreasing cylinder and an oil pushing docking plate.
  • the oil pushing cylinder is fixed at one end of the degreasing tank 15, and one end of the telescopic rod of the degreasing cylinder is fixedly connected to the oil pushing docking plate in the degreasing tank.
  • the degreasing cylinder is driven by the control device to facilitate the oil pushing cylinder to drive the oil pushing butt plate to move linearly along the side wall of the degreasing tank, and push the oil flowing into the degreasing tank from the oil storage tank to the oil receiving barrel.
  • one end of the upper cover plate 35 is hinged to the cabinet 1 via a hinge, and the two sides are connected to the cabinet 1 via gas springs 44 respectively, so as to facilitate the upper cover plate 35 to drive the condensation plate 10 to open together, and To achieve the role of convenient maintenance.
  • the control device of the present invention includes a PLC controller, a control panel, a cold plate temperature sensor, a high liquid level sensor, a low liquid level sensor, a condensing plate upper limit position sensor, an oil scraper left position sensor and an oil scraper right position sensor, sewage Temperature sensor, front position sensor of degreasing plate and rear position sensor of degreasing plate, the cold plate temperature sensor, high liquid level sensor, low liquid level sensor, upper limit position sensor, oil scraper left position sensor, oil scraper right position sensor.
  • the sewage temperature sensor, the position sensor in front of the degreasing plate, and the position sensor in the back of the degreasing plate are respectively connected to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller is connected to the control panel,
  • the cold plate temperature sensor is provided on the condensation plate 10, so that the cold plate temperature sensor controls the condensation temperature of the cold plate evaporator 23, and uploads it to the PLC controller;
  • the chassis 1 is provided with a high liquid level sensor and a low liquid level sensor.
  • the high liquid level sensor and the low liquid level sensor can simultaneously detect the upper and lower liquid levels of the liquid in the chassis 1 and are controlled by the low liquid level sensor
  • the execution of the downward oil lifting of the condensing plate 10, the condensing plate 10 is controlled to descend to the oil lifting position by a high level sensor to condense and lift the oil, and the information is uploaded to the PLC controller;
  • the upper cover position sensor of the chassis cover 2 is provided with a condensing plate upper limit position sensor, and the upper limit position of the condensing plate 10 is controlled by the condensing plate upper limit position sensor to wait for the action of the oil scraping mechanism, and the information is uploaded to the PLC controller;
  • the left side of the chassis 1 is provided with a left position sensor for the oil scraper, and the right position sensor is provided for the right side oil scraper, and the left and right scraping of the oil scraper 11 is controlled by the left position sensor and the right position sensor of the oil scraper Oil stroke, and upload the information in the PLC controller;
  • the bottom of the chassis 1 is provided with a sewage temperature sensor, and the sewage temperature sensor is used to control the temperature of the oily sewage in the chassis 1 to control the execution of the oil extraction of the condensation plate 10, and the information is uploaded to the PLC controller;
  • the front end of the degreasing tank 15 is provided with a front position sensor for the degreasing plate, and the rear position is provided with a rear position sensor for the degreasing plate. Upload the information in the PLC controller.
  • the PLC controller When the invention is in operation, the PLC controller is connected to the power supply.
  • the PLC controller instructs the cold plate evaporator 23 to go down to lift oil, and the cooling and heating system simultaneously
  • the cooling plate 10 cools and heats the oil-removing condenser 24 and the water-cooled condenser 22.
  • the cold plate temperature sensor on the condensation plate 10 senses the cold plate
  • the specified temperature is higher than the freezing point of water and lower than the freezing point of oil.
  • the PLC controller instructs the cold plate reducer 32 to drive the condenser plate 10 downward to lift the oil.
  • the high level sensor senses the condenser plate
  • the PLC controller instructs the cold plate reducer 32 to drive the condensation plate 10 to continue down a distance and keep until the cold plate temperature sensor on the condensation plate 10 gives
  • the PLC controller controls the cold plate reducer 32 to drive the condenser plate 10 upward, and when the upper limit position sensor of the condenser plate 10 gives a signal to reach the oil scraping position, the cold plate is reduced.
  • 32 stops the operation of the machine, the condensing plate 10 reaches the position of the wiper, wiper operation means 7 waits.
  • the PLC controller controls the oil scraping reducer 36 to drive the oil scraping screw 37 to drive the oil scraping plate 11 to perform oil scraping operation on the bottom surface of the condensing plate 10 along the chassis 1.
  • the oil scraping plate 11 runs to the left end of the chassis 1, the oil scraping plate is left
  • the PLC controller instructs the oil scraping reducer 36 to drive the oil scraping screw 37 to stop the operation.
  • the oil pushing docking plate 14 is docked with the oil removing connecting plate 17 in the oil removing tank 15 and controlled by PLC.
  • the device commands the degreasing mechanism 8 to move the degreasing plate 16 along the inner wall of the degreasing tank 15 from back to front.
  • the degreasing plate 16 drives the oil pushing docking plate 14 through the oil removing connecting plate 17 and the oil pushing docking plate 14 drives the oil pushing plate 13 Slide along the side wall of the mobile oil storage tank 12 to push the oil in the mobile oil storage tank 12 to the oil removal tank 15. Since the temperature in the mobile oil storage tank 12 is higher than the freezing point of the grease, after the grease enters the mobile oil storage tank 12, it moves with The oil and fat contacted by the oil storage tank 12 becomes oil. Therefore, during the oil removal process, the oil will not stick to the oil storage tank 12 due to the solidified state of the oil and fat, and the oil pushed into the oil removal tank 15 is removed. The oil condenser 24 turns into oil quickly under heating , And then flows into the barrel 18 through hole,
  • the PLC controller controls the degreasing reducer 41 to drive the degreasing screw 42 to stop action, and the degreasing is completed, the PLC controller controls the degreasing deceleration
  • the machine 41 drives the degreasing screw 42 to reverse, when the degreasing plate 16 runs to the rear end of the degreasing tank 15, the position sensor behind the degreasing plate gives a signal, and the PLC controller controls the degreasing reducer 41 to drive the degreasing screw 42 Stop action and wait for the next degreasing operation.
  • the oil in the water passes through the slag screen 25 and floats up to the surface of the sewage.
  • the granular sludge and impurities in the sewage are isolated under the slag screen 25 by the slag screen 25.
  • the sewage pump 19 When the sewage is lifted, it is discharged by the sewage pump 19, which is conducive to ensuring the cleanliness and high purity of the oil.
  • the PLC controller instructs the sewage pump 19 in the sewage lifting and backwashing device to operate the sewage, and when the chassis 1 After the low level sensor inside is disconnected and the signal is given, the PLC controller instructs the sewage pump 19 to stop.
  • the small through hole in the backwash pipe 26 sprays high pressure water to backwash the sludge and debris at the bottom of the chassis 1
  • the high-pressure suction by the sewage pump 19 avoids the blocking of the slag screen 25.
  • the overflow pipe 29 is provided with a one-way valve 30, the sewage can be prevented from flowing back into the cabinet 1 through the overflow port when the sewage is lifted.
  • the present invention has the advantages of novel structure, high degree of automation, great saving of manpower and material resources, high oil extraction efficiency, high oil purity, etc. due to the above structure.

Abstract

一种冷凝式油水分离装置，设有密闭的机箱（1）和机箱盖板（2）、控制装置（3）和排污装置（4），机箱（1）侧壁与污水进水管（5）相连通，机箱（1）上设有冷凝提油机构（6）、刮油机构（7）、除油机构（8）和制冷制热系统（9），采用上述结构，自动化程度高，节省人力和物力，提油效率高，出油纯度高。

Description

冷凝式油水分离装置 技术领域
本发明涉及含油污水分离设备领域，具体地说是一种冷凝式油水分离装置。
背景技术
众所周知，在食品行业，随着社会经济的快速发展和人们生活水平的不断提高，餐饮行业也逐渐蓬勃发展起来，厨房含油污水的处理与污水排放问题也日益突出，厨房餐饮废水中含有多种杂物，而且废水中含有大量的油脂，若直接排放，则对排水管网和后续的污水处理站都带来不利影响，因此需要对餐厨废水进行提油处理后达到《城市污水排入下水道水质标准》的要求后排放。
在工业，加工中心在加工工件时需要用到冷却液，由于加工中心工作一段时间后，冷却液的温度也会随之升高，由于冷却液的温度升高，因此使得其冷却效果不足，从而影响了工件的加工质量，因此，加工中心在工作过程中润滑油会与冷却液混合在一起，由于冷却液需要循环利用，因此，需要对冷却液和润滑油进行分离，比如：CN 207286894 U公开的一种油水分离冷却装置，其包括过滤箱、分离箱、储油箱、吸油辊、刮油板和电动机，过滤箱设置在分离箱的上端一侧，过滤箱和分离箱之间设置有过滤板，分离箱远离过滤箱的一侧设置吸油辊，吸油辊与电动机连接，刮油板的一端与吸油辊相抵，刮油板的另一端延伸到储油箱上侧，分离箱内部设置有分液管，分液管中部设置水泵；冷却液在过滤箱中将铁屑过滤掉，冷却液从上侧流入到分离箱中，在从上流下的过程中将热量散发出去，吸油辊将漂浮在冷却液中的润滑油吸附并通过刮油板的作用流入到储油箱中，完成油液分分离。
因此，现有的油水分离设备的分离方式大致可分为重力式分离、离心式分离、电分离、吸附分离、气浮分离等，这些油水分离方式均存在各自的实质性缺陷，油水分离时间长、提油效率低、出油纯度低，如重力式分离方式采用沉降池形式，会导致液体流动存在死区，部分液体得不到流动置换，水中有机质会逐渐腐败变臭；气浮分离方式会产生大量臭气；离心式分离方式设备动力部件维护困难，目前只应用于实验室的分析设备等。
并且，由于油水分离设备中的污水及分离出来的油脂停留时间过长，导致油水腐化发臭产生臭气，产生二次污染。
另外，油水渣分离不彻底，导致油品差，储存及再利用困难。
发明内容
本发明为了解决了上述现有技术的不足，提供一种通过油和水的凝固点不同，在油 达到冷凝点而水并未达到冷凝点的温度范围内，实现油和水的高效液-液分离，而达到自动化程度高，提油效率高，油水渣分离彻底，提油纯度高、节省人力和物力、无臭气产生、避免二次污染的油水分离设备。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：
一种冷凝式油水分离装置，设有密闭的机箱和机箱盖板、控制装置和排污装置，所述机箱侧壁与污水进水管相连通，其特征在于所述机箱上设有冷凝提油机构、刮油机构、除油机构和制冷制热系统，
[根据细则91更正 02.08.2019]　
所述冷凝提油机构包括冷凝板、冷凝板升降装置，所述冷凝板经冷凝板升降装置与机箱盖板相连接，所述冷凝板升降装置经控制装置驱动，
所述刮油机构包括刮油板、移动储油槽、推油板、推油对接板和刮油板移动装置，所述刮油板位于机箱内，所述刮油板下端与移动储油槽固定连接，所述移动储油槽两端与固定在机箱内两侧的刮油板移动装置相连接，以利于通过刮油板移动装置带动刮油板往复水平移动，对冷凝板下端冷凝后的油脂进行刮除，再通过移动储油槽收集刮油板刮下的油脂，所述移动储油槽内滑动连接有推油板，所述推油板一侧设有推油对接板，所述推油对接板上设有对接凸块或对接凹槽，
所述除油机构包括除油槽、除油板、除油连接板、除油驱动装置和接油桶，所述除油槽固定在机箱外侧，所述除油槽内滑动设有除油板，所述除油槽下底面上设有出油孔，所述除油槽上设有除油驱动装置，所述除油板经除油驱动装置驱动，所述除油驱动装置经控制装置驱动，所述除油板一侧设有除油连接板，所述除油连接板另一侧面设有连接凹槽或连接凸块，以利于与除油连接板的连接凹槽或连接凸块，当刮油机构经刮油板移动装置移动至除油机构一侧时，推油对接板与除油连接板对接，所述推油对接板经固定在除油槽上的除油驱动装置驱动，所述出油孔下端经出油管与接油桶相连接，所述除油驱动装置经控制装置驱动，
所述排污装置包括污水泵和污水排水箱，所述污水泵进液口与机箱底部相连通，排液口经排污管与污水接收池连通，所述污水泵经控制装置驱动；
本发明所述制冷制热系统采用热泵系统，其包括压缩机、水冷冷凝器、冷板蒸发器、电子膨胀阀、过滤器和除油冷凝器，所述水冷冷凝器安装在机箱底部，所述冷板蒸发器安装在冷凝板上，以利于对冷凝板进行降温，将冷凝板下端面达到液体油瞬间凝固成油脂，所述除油冷凝器安装在除油槽底部，以利于对进入除油槽内的油进行加热，使除油槽内的油脂融化成流体，所述压缩机的排气口由管道分别连接至水冷冷凝器和除油冷凝器的一端，水冷冷凝器和除油冷凝器的另一端由管道连接至节流装置后再通过管道连接至冷板蒸发器的一端，冷板蒸 发器的另一端最后由管道连接至压缩机的吸气口，所述制冷制热系统经控制装置控制，
[根据细则91更正 02.08.2019]　
当本发明工作时，通过连接管将带有油、水、渣状物的液体注入机箱内，控制装置启动制冷制热系统和冷凝提油机构，冷凝板升降装置带动冷凝板下移，当冷凝板下端接触液体表面时，冷凝板升降装置停止下移，冷凝板下端面将接触到的液体表面的油液在冷板蒸发器的作用下降温变成油脂而粘附到冷凝板上，然后，经冷凝板升降装置带动冷凝板携带油脂离开液面后上升至刮油机构的刮油板上端停止，控制装置指令刮油机构中的刮油板移动装置动作，带动刮油板沿着冷凝板下端做线性移动，将冷凝板下端冷凝的油脂刮到移动储油槽内，在刮油过程中，移动除油槽内的除油连接板位于移动除油槽一端，当刮油板将冷凝板下端面上的油脂全部刮除并经刮油板导流到移动除油槽内后，刮油板移动装置继续带动刮油板移动，直至与除油槽一侧接触即停止，此时，移动储油槽内的除油连接板与推油对接板相插接，控制装置指令除油驱动装置动作，驱动推油对接板沿着除油槽滑动，并带动除油连接板移动，将除油槽内的油脂推进除油槽内，由于除油槽底部与制冷制热系统的热量端(除油冷凝器)连接，使得油脂快速融化成油液，油液经出油孔和出油管流进接油桶内，如此反复重复上述动作，即可将油液表面的油和水分离，本发明利用油和水的凝固点不同，在油达到冷凝点而水并未达到冷凝点的温度范围内，实现了油和水的高效分离，而达到提油效率高，提油纯度高等优点。
本发明可在机箱内设有隔渣网筛，所述隔渣网筛四周与机箱内壁密封连接，以达到避免油水中的大颗粒物质上升到隔渣网筛上部，进一步净化了油水分离的纯度。
本发明可在机箱一侧的排污装置中设有污水提升反冲洗机构，其包括反冲洗管和过滤装置，所述反冲洗管一端通过机箱侧壁伸入到机箱内部的隔渣网筛下方，另一端与排污管相连接，所述反冲洗管上安装有过滤装置，以利于对进入反冲洗管内的液体进行过滤，所述反冲洗管侧壁上开有若干个交错分布的小通孔，以使污水提升时反冲洗管上的小通孔喷出高压水将机箱底部污泥杂渣等反冲洗至污水排水箱并由污水泵排出，同时通过污水泵的高压抽吸，避免了隔渣网筛的阻塞。
本发明可在所述污水排水箱一侧设有污水排空管道，所述污水排空管道上设有污水排空阀，以利于避免当污水泵无法正常工作时，可以打开污水排空阀，使得机箱内的污水经污水排空管道排出，保障了机箱内油液分离的正常运行。
本发明可在所述机箱侧壁上部设有溢流口，所述溢流口经溢流管与污水排空管道相连通，以使本发明在分离过程中始终保持正常运行，所述溢流管上设有单向阀，以利于防止污水提升时污水通过溢流口回流至机箱内。
本发明所述机箱底面采用倾斜机箱底板，其由远离污水泵一端逐渐向污水泵一端倾斜，以使隔渣筛网隔离下来的杂物顺着倾斜机箱底板流入到污水泵近端，并由污水泵泵出，进一步提高了排污能力。
本发明所述除油槽底部呈倾斜状，所述出油孔位于除油槽底部的最低点处，以使恢复至液体状态的油自动经出油孔流入到接油桶中，达到自动收集的作用，所述出油孔内设置有油过滤装置，进一步提高油品的清洁度和纯度。
本发明所述冷凝板升降装置包括冷板减速机、冷板丝杠和冷板导向杆，所述机箱上端的机箱盖板中心设有冷板减速机，两侧分别设有导向穿孔，所述冷板减速机经控制装置控制，所述冷板丝杠下端与冷凝板固定连接，上端与冷板减速机的输出轴相连接，所述冷板导向杆穿过导向穿孔后其下端与冷凝板固定连接，以利于通过冷板减速机带动冷凝板在冷板导向杆的作用下沿着导向穿孔上下移动。
[根据细则91更正 02.08.2019]　
在使用过程中，本发明所述冷凝板升降装置也可以由冷板气缸和冷板导向杆组成，所述机箱上端的机箱盖板中心设有冷板气缸，两侧分别设有导向穿孔，所述冷板气缸经控制装置控制，所述冷板气缸的伸缩杆下端与冷凝板固定连接，所述冷板导向杆穿过导向穿孔后其下端与冷凝板固定连接。
本发明也可在所述机箱盖板上端密封设有上罩盖板，所述上罩盖板四周与机箱密封连接，以达到避免臭气散发到空气中而形成二次污染。
本发明所述刮油板移动装置是由刮油减速机、移动丝杠、导向滑道、滑块、移动螺母组成，所述移动丝杠和导向滑道分别设在冷凝板两侧的机箱内，所述移动丝杠一端经轴承、轴承座与机箱固定连接，另一端与固定在机箱上的刮油减速机的输出轴固定连接，所述移动丝杠上螺纹连接有移动螺母，所述导向滑道两端分别与机箱固定连接，所述导向滑道上滑动连接有滑块，所述移动储油槽一端与移动螺母固定连接，另一端与滑块固定连接，所述刮油减速机经控制装置控制。
本发明所述除油驱动装置可以是由除油减速机、除油丝杠组成，所述除油丝杠设置除油槽内，所述除油丝杠一端经轴承、轴承座与除油槽固定连接，另一端与固定在除油槽一端的除油减速机的输出轴固定连接，所述除油丝杠上螺纹连接有推油对接板，所述除油减速机经控制装置驱动，以利于通过除油减速机驱动除油丝杠旋转，带动推油对接板沿着除油槽侧壁直线移动，将移动储油槽内已经呈流体状态的油推送至除油槽底部,进而顺着除油槽的斜度自动流至接油桶中。
本发明所述除油驱动装置还可以采用除油气缸和推油对接板组成，所述除油气缸固 定在除油槽一端，所述除油气缸的伸缩杆一端与除油槽内的推油对接板固定连接，所述除油气缸经控制装置驱动，以利于通过除油气缸驱动推油对接板沿着除油槽侧壁直线移动，将储油槽内已经呈流体状态的油推送至除油槽底部,进而顺着除油槽的斜度自动流至接油桶中。
本发明所述上罩盖板一端经合页与机箱相铰接，两侧分别经气弹簧与机箱相连接，以达到方便上罩盖板带动冷凝板一起开启的作用,进而达到方便检修维护的作用。
本发明所述控制装置包括PLC控制器、控制面板、冷板温度传感器、高液位传感器、低液位传感器、冷凝板上限位置传感器、刮油板左位置传感器和刮油板右位置传感器、污水温度传感器、除油板前位置传感器和除油板后位置传感器，所述冷板温度传感器、高液位传感器、低液位传感器、冷凝板上限位置传感器、刮油板左位置传感器、刮油板右位置传感器、污水温度传感器、除油板前位置传感器、除油板后位置传感器分别与PLC控制器相连接，所述PLC控制器与控制面板相连接，
所述冷凝板上设有冷板温度传感器，以使冷板温度传感器控制冷板蒸发器的冷凝温度，并上传至PLC控制器中；
所述机箱内设有高液位传感器和低液位传感器，通过高液位传感器和低液位传感器可同时检测机箱内液体的上限液位和下限液位，并通过低液位传感器控制冷凝板的下行提油的可执行性，通过高液位传感器控制冷凝板下行至提油位置冷凝提油，并将信息上传在PLC控制器中；
所述机箱盖板上设有冷凝板上限位置传感器，通过冷凝板上限位置传感器控制冷凝板的上限位置等待刮油机构动作，并将信息上传在PLC控制器中；
所述机箱左侧设有刮油板左位置传感器，右侧设有刮油板右位置传感器，通过所述刮油板左位置传感器、刮油板右位置传感器控制刮油板的左右刮油行程，并将信息上传在PLC控制器中；
所述机箱底部设有污水温度传感器，通过所述污水温度传感器控制机箱内含油污水的温度进而控制冷凝板下行提油的可执行性，并将信息上传在PLC控制器中；
所述除油槽的前端设有除油板前位置传感器、后端设有除油板后位置传感器，通过除油板前位置传感器、除油板后位置传感器控制除油板的前后移动行程，并将信息上传在PLC控制器中。
本发明由于采用上述结构，具有结构新颖，自动化程度高，极大节省人力和物力，提油效率高，出油纯度高等优点。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
图2是图1的俯视图。
图3是图1的左视图。
图4是图1的右视图。
附图标记：机箱1、机箱盖板2、控制装置3、排污装置4、污水进水管5、冷凝提油机构6、刮油机构7、除油机构8、制冷制热系统9、冷凝板10、刮油板11、移动储油槽12、推油板13、推油对接板14、除油槽15、除油板16、除油连接板17、除油驱动装置和接油桶18、污水泵19、污水排水箱20、排污管21、水冷冷凝器22、冷板蒸发器23、除油冷凝器24、隔渣网筛25、反冲洗管26、污水排空管道27、污水排空阀28、溢流管29、单向阀30、倾斜机箱底板31、冷板减速机32、冷板丝杠33、冷板导向杆34、上罩盖板35、刮油减速机36、移动丝杠37、导向滑道38、滑块39、移动螺母40、除油减速机41、除油丝杠42、推油对接板43、气弹簧44。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进一步说明：
如附图所示，一种冷凝式油水分离装置，设有密闭的机箱1和机箱盖板2、控制装置3和排污装置4，所述机箱1侧壁与污水进水管5相连通，其特征在于所述机箱1上设有冷凝提油机构6、刮油机构7、除油机构8和制冷制热系统9，
[根据细则91更正 02.08.2019]　
所述冷凝提油机构6包括冷凝板10、冷凝板升降装置，所述冷凝板10经冷凝板升降装置与机箱盖板2相连接，所述冷凝板升降装置经控制装置驱动，
所述刮油机构包括刮油板11、移动储油槽12、推油板13、推油对接板14和刮油板移动装置，所述刮油板11位于机箱1内，所述刮油板11下端与移动储油槽12固定连接，所述移动储油槽12两端与固定在机箱1内两侧的刮油板移动装置相连接，以利于通过刮油板移动装置带动刮油板11往复水平移动，对冷凝板10下端冷凝后的油脂进行刮除，再通过移动储油槽12收集刮油板11刮下的油脂，所述移动储油槽12内滑动连接有推油板13，所述推油板13一侧设有推油对接板14，所述推油对接板14上设有对接凸块或对接凹槽，
所述除油机构8包括除油槽15、除油板16、除油连接板17、除油驱动装置和接油桶18，所述除油槽15固定在机箱1外侧，所述除油槽15内滑动设有除油板，所述除油槽15下底面上设有出油孔，所述除油槽15上设有除油驱动装置，所述除油板16经除油驱动装置驱动，所述除油驱动装置经控制装置驱动，所述除油板16一侧设有除油连接板17，所述除油连接板17另一侧面设有连接凹槽或连接凸块，以利于与除油连接板17的连接凹槽或连接凸块， 当刮油机构经刮油板移动装置移动至除油机构一侧时，推油对接板14与除油连接板17对接，所述推油对接板14经固定在除油槽15上的除油驱动装置驱动，所述出油孔下端经出油管与接油桶18相连接，所述除油驱动装置经控制装置驱动，
所述排污装置包括污水泵19和污水排水箱20，所述污水泵19进液口与机箱1底部相连通，排液口经排污管21与污水接收池连通，所述污水泵19经控制装置驱动；
本发明所述制冷制热系统采用热泵系统，其包括压缩机、水冷冷凝器22、冷板蒸发器23、电子膨胀阀、过滤器和除油冷凝器24，所述水冷冷凝器22安装在机箱1底部，所述冷板蒸发器23安装在冷凝板10上，以利于对冷凝板进行降温，将冷凝板10下端面达到液体油瞬间凝固成油脂，所述除油冷凝器24安装在除油槽15底部，以利于对进入除油槽15内的油进行加热，使除油槽15内的油脂融化成流体，所述压缩机的排气口由管道分别连接至水冷冷凝器22和除油冷凝器24的一端，水冷冷凝器22和除油冷凝器24的另一端由管道连接至节流装置后再通过管道连接至冷板蒸发器23的一端，冷板蒸发器23的另一端最后由管道连接至压缩机的吸气口，所述制冷制热系统经控制装置控制，
[根据细则91更正 02.08.2019]　
当本发明工作时，通过连接管将带有油、水、渣状物的液体注入机箱1内，控制装置启动制冷制热系统和冷凝提油机构，冷凝板升降装置带动冷凝板10下移，当冷凝板10下端接触液体表面时，冷凝板升降装置停止下移，冷凝板10下端面将接触到的液体表面的油液在冷板蒸发器的作用下降温变成油脂而粘附到冷凝板10上，然后，经冷凝板升降装置带动冷凝板10携带油脂离开液面后上升至刮油机构的刮油板11上端停止，控制装置指令刮油机构中的刮油板移动装置动作，带动刮油板11沿着冷凝板10下端做线性移动，将冷凝板10下端冷凝的油脂刮到移动储油槽内，在刮油过程中，移动除油槽12内的除油连接板17位于移动除油槽12一端，当刮油板11将冷凝板10下端面上的油脂全部刮除并经刮油板11导流到移动除油槽15内后，刮油板移动装置继续带动刮油板11移动，直至与除油槽15一侧接触即停止，此时，移动储油槽12内的除油连接板17与推油对接板14相插接，控制装置指令除油驱动装置动作，驱动推油对接板14沿着除油槽15滑动，并带动除油连接板17移动，将除油槽15内的油脂推进除油槽内，由于除油槽15底部与制冷制热系统的热量端(除油冷凝器)连接，使得油脂快速融化成油液，油液经出油孔和出油管流进接油桶18内，如此反复重复上述动作，即可将油液表面的油和水分离，本发明利用油和水的凝固点不同，在油达到冷凝点而水并未达到冷凝点的温度范围内，实现了油和水的高效分离，而达到提油效率高，提油纯度高等优点。
本发明可在机箱1内设有隔渣网筛25，所述隔渣网筛25四周与机箱1内壁密封连 接，以达到避免油水中的大颗粒物质上升到隔渣网筛25上部，进一步净化了油水分离的纯度。
本发明可在机箱1一侧的排污装置中设有污水提升反冲洗机构，其包括反冲洗管26和过滤装置，所述反冲洗管26一端通过机箱1侧壁伸入到机箱1内部的隔渣网筛25下方，另一端与排污管21相连接，所述反冲洗管26上安装有过滤装置，以利于对进入反冲洗管26内的液体进行过滤，所述反冲洗管26侧壁上开有若干个交错分布的小通孔，以使污水提升时反冲洗管26上的小通孔喷出高压水将机箱1底部污泥杂渣等反冲洗至污水排水箱20并由污水泵19排出，同时通过污水泵19的高压抽吸，避免了隔渣网筛25的阻塞。
本发明可在所述污水排水箱20一侧设有污水排空管道27，所述污水排空管道27上设有污水排空阀28，以利于避免当污水泵无法正常工作时，可以打开污水排空阀28，使得机箱1内的污水经污水排空管道27排出，保障了机箱内油液分离的正常运行。
本发明可在所述机箱1侧壁上部设有溢流口，所述溢流口经溢流管29与污水排空管道27相连通，以使本发明在分离过程中始终保持正常运行，所述溢流管29上设有单向阀30，以利于防止污水提升时污水通过溢流口回流至机箱内。
本发明所述机箱1底面采用倾斜机箱底板31，其由远离污水泵19一端逐渐向污水泵19一端倾斜，以使隔渣网筛25隔离下来的杂物顺着倾斜机箱底板31流入到污水泵19近端，并由污水泵19泵出，进一步提高了排污能力。
本发明所述除油槽15底部呈倾斜状，所述出油孔位于除油槽15底部的最低点处，以使恢复至液体状态的油自动经出油孔流入到接油桶18中，达到自动收集的作用，所述出油孔内设置有油过滤装置，进一步提高油品的清洁度和纯度。
本发明所述过滤装置可以采用脱脂棉等现有技术，此不再赘述。
本发明所述冷凝板升降装置包括冷板减速机32、冷板丝杠33和冷板导向杆34，所述机箱1上端的机箱盖板2中心设有冷板减速机32，两侧分别设有导向穿孔，所述冷板减速机32经控制装置3控制，所述冷板丝杠33下端与冷凝板10固定连接，上端与冷板减速机32的输出轴相连接，所述冷板导向杆34穿过导向穿孔后其下端与冷凝板10固定连接，以利于通过冷板减速机32带动冷凝板10在冷板导向杆34的作用下沿着导向穿孔上下移动。
[根据细则91更正 02.08.2019]　
在使用过程中，本发明所述冷凝板升降装置也可以由冷板气缸和冷板导向杆组成，所述机箱上端的机箱盖板中心设有冷板气缸，两侧分别设有导向穿孔，所述冷板气缸经控制装置控制，所述冷板气缸的伸缩杆下端与冷凝板固定连接，所述冷板导向杆穿过导向穿 孔后其下端与冷凝板固定连接。
本发明也可在所述机箱盖板2上端密封设有上罩盖板35，所述上罩盖板35四周与机箱1密封连接，以达到避免臭气散发到空气中而形成二次污染。
本发明所述刮油板移动装置是由刮油减速机36、移动丝杠37、导向滑道38、滑块39、移动螺母40组成，所述移动丝杠37和导向滑道38分别设在冷凝板10两侧的机箱1内，所述移动丝杠37一端经轴承、轴承座与机箱1固定连接，另一端与固定在机箱1上的刮油减速机36的输出轴固定连接，所述移动丝杠37上螺纹连接有移动螺母40，所述导向滑道38两端分别与机箱1固定连接，所述导向滑道38上滑动连接有滑块39，所述移动储油槽12一端与移动螺母40固定连接，另一端与滑块39固定连接，所述刮油减速机36经控制装置控制。
本发明所述除油驱动装置可以是由除油减速机41、除油丝杠42组成，所述除油丝杠42设置除油槽15内，所述除油丝杠42一端经轴承、轴承座与除油槽15固定连接，另一端与固定在除油槽15一端的除油减速机41的输出轴固定连接，所述除油丝杠42上螺纹连接有推油对接板14，所述除油减速机41经控制装置驱动，以利于通过除油减速机41驱动除油丝杠42旋转，带动推油对接板14沿着除油槽15侧壁直线移动，将移动储油槽12内已经呈流体状态的油推送至除油槽15底部,进而顺着除油槽15的斜度自动流至接油桶18中。
本发明所述除油驱动装置还可以采用除油气缸和推油对接板组成，所述推油气缸固定在除油槽15一端，所述除油气缸的伸缩杆一端与除油槽内的推油对接板固定连接，所述除油气缸经控制装置驱动，以利于通过除油气缸驱动推油对接板沿着除油槽侧壁直线移动，将储油槽流入到除油槽内的油推到接油桶中。
本发明所述上罩盖板35一端经合页与机箱1相铰接，两侧分别经气弹簧44与机箱相1连接，以达到方便上罩盖板35带动冷凝板10一起开启的作用，进而达到方便检修维护的作用。
本发明所述控制装置包括PLC控制器、控制面板、冷板温度传感器、高液位传感器、低液位传感器、冷凝板上限位置传感器、刮油板左位置传感器和刮油板右位置传感器、污水温度传感器、除油板前位置传感器和除油板后位置传感器，所述冷板温度传感器、高液位传感器、低液位传感器、上限位置传感器、刮油板左位置传感器、刮油板右位置传感器、污水温度传感器、除油板前位置传感器、除油板后位置传感器分别与PLC控制器相连接，所述PLC控制器与控制面板相连接，
所述冷凝板10上设有冷板温度传感器，以使冷板温度传感器控制冷板蒸发器23的冷凝温 度，并上传至PLC控制器中；
所述机箱1内设有高液位传感器和低液位传感器，通过高液位传感器和低液位传感器可同时检测机箱1内液体的上限液位和下限液位，并通过低液位传感器控制冷凝板10的下行提油的可执行性，通过高液位传感器控制冷凝板10下行至提油位置冷凝提油，并将信息上传在PLC控制器中；
所述机箱盖板2上设有冷凝板上限位置传感器，通过冷凝板上限位置传感器控制冷凝板10的上限位置等待刮油机构动作，并将信息上传在PLC控制器中；
所述机箱1左侧设有刮油板左位置传感器，右侧设有刮油板右位置传感器，通过所述刮油板左位置传感器、刮油板右位置传感器控制刮油板11的左右刮油行程，并将信息上传在PLC控制器中；
所述机箱1底部设有污水温度传感器，通过所述污水温度传感器控制机箱1内含油污水的温度进而控制冷凝板10下行提油的可执行性，并将信息上传在PLC控制器中；
所述除油槽15的前端设有除油板前位置传感器、后端设有除油板后位置传感器，通过除油板前位置传感器、除油板后位置传感器控制除油板16的前后移动行程，并将信息上传在PLC控制器中。
本发明在工作时，PLC控制器接通电源，当机箱1内液位达到低液位传感器的最低液位时，PLC控制器指示冷板蒸发器23下行进行提油，制冷制热系统同时对泠凝板10制冷和对除油冷凝器24及水冷冷凝器22制热，当机箱1内污水温度传感器感应到污水温度达到指定温度，同时，冷凝板10上的冷板温度传感器感应到冷板蒸发器23达到指定温度时，该指定温度高于水的凝固点而低于油的凝固点，PLC控制器指令冷板减速机32驱动冷凝板10下行进行提油，当高液位传感器感应到冷凝板10下行至与高液位液面接触时，高液位传感器导通，PLC控制器指令冷板减速机32驱动冷凝板10继续下行一段距离并保持直至冷凝板10上的冷板温度传感器给出达到提油效果的温度信号时，PLC控制器即控制冷板减速机32驱动冷凝板10上行，当冷凝板10上限位置传感器给出到达刮油位置信号，冷板减速机32停止动作，冷凝板10到达刮油位置，等待刮油机构7动作。
PLC控制器控制刮油减速机36驱动刮油丝杠37带动刮油板11沿着机箱1内对冷凝板10底面进行刮油操作，当刮油板11运行到机箱1左端，刮油板左位置传感器导通并给出信号，PLC控制器即指令刮油减速机36驱动刮油丝杠37停止动作，此时，推油对接板14与除油槽15中的除油连接板17对接，PLC控制器指令除油机构8动作，带动除油板16沿着除油槽15内壁由后向前移动，除油板16通过除油连接板17带动推油对接板14移动，推 油对接板14带动推油板13沿着移动储油槽12侧壁滑动，将移动储油槽12中的油推到除油槽15中，由于移动储油槽12中的温度高于油脂的凝固点，在油脂进入移动储油槽12后，与移动储油槽12接触的油脂则变成了油液，因此，在除油过程中，不会因为油脂成凝固状态而粘附在储油槽12中无法推出，而推到除油槽15内的油在除油冷凝器24的加热作用下迅速化成油液，并通过出油孔流入到接油桶18中，
当除油板16运行到除油槽15前端，除油板前位置传感器给出信号，PLC控制器控制除油减速机41驱动除油丝杠42停止动作，除油完成，PLC控制器控制除油减速机41驱动除油丝杠42反转，当除油板16运行到除油槽15后端时，除油板后位置传感器给出信号，PLC控制器控制除油减速机41驱动除油丝杠42停止动作，等待下一次除油操作。
在除油过程中，水中的油从隔渣网筛25通过而上浮至污水表面，而污水中的颗粒状污泥、杂渣等通过隔渣网筛25隔离在隔渣网筛25下面，待污水提升时由污水泵19排走，有利于保证油品的清洁度和高纯度。
当提油操作反复进行至机箱1内含油污水的含油量达到《城市污水排入下水道水质标准》时，PLC控制器指令污水提升反冲洗装置中的污水泵19动作进行污水提升，当机箱1内的低液位传感器断开给出信号后，PLC控制器指令污水泵19停止动作，污水提升时反冲洗管26上的小通孔喷出高压水将机箱1底部污泥杂渣等反冲洗至污水排水箱20并由污水泵19排出至污物接收池中，同时通过污水泵19的高压抽吸，避免了隔渣网筛25的阻塞。在排污过程中，由于溢流管29上设有单向阀30，能够防止污水提升时污水通过溢流口回流至机箱1内。
本发明由于采用上述结构，具有结构新颖，自动化程度高，极大节省人力和物力，提油效率高，出油纯度高等优点。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种冷凝式油水分离装置，设有密闭的机箱和机箱盖板、控制装置和排污装置，所述机箱侧壁与污水进水管相连通，其特征在于所述机箱上设有冷凝提油机构、刮油机构、除油机构和制冷制热系统，
    所述冷凝提油机构包括冷凝板、冷凝板升降装置，所述冷凝板经冷凝升降装置与机箱盖板相连接，所述冷凝板升降装置经控制装置驱动，
    所述刮油机构包括刮油板、移动储油槽、推油板、推油对接板和刮油板移动装置，所述刮油板位于机箱内，所述刮油板下端与移动储油槽固定连接，所述移动储油槽两端与固定在机箱内两侧的刮油板移动装置相连接，所述移动储油槽内滑动连接有推油板，所述推油板一侧设有推油对接板，所述推油对接板上设有对接凸块或对接凹槽，
    所述除油机构包括除油槽、除油板、除油连接板、除油驱动装置和接油桶，所述除油槽固定在机箱外侧，所述除油槽内滑动设有除油板，所述除油槽下底面上设有出油孔，所述除油槽上设有除油驱动装置，所述除油板经除油驱动装置驱动，所述除油驱动装置经控制装置驱动，所述除油板一侧设有除油连接板，所述除油连接板另一侧面设有连接凹槽或连接凸块，当刮油机构经刮油板移动装置移动至除油机构一侧时，推油对接板与除油连接板对接，所述推油对接板经固定在除油槽上的除油驱动装置驱动，所述出油孔下端经出油管与接油桶相连接，所述除油驱动装置经控制装置驱动，
    所述排污装置包括污水泵和污水排水箱，所述污水泵进液口与机箱底部相连通，排液口经排污管与污水接收池连通，所述污水泵经控制装置驱动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种冷凝式油水分离装置，其特征在于所述制冷制热系统采用热泵系统，其包括压缩机、水冷冷凝器、冷板蒸发器、电子膨胀阀、过滤器和除油冷凝器，所述水冷冷凝器安装在机箱底部，所述冷板蒸发器安装在冷凝板上，所述除油冷凝器安装在除油槽底部，所述压缩机的排气口由管道分别连接至水冷冷凝器和除油冷凝器的一端，水冷冷凝器和除油冷凝器的另一端由管道连接至节流装置后再通过管道连接至冷板蒸发器的一端，冷板蒸发器的另一端最后由管道连接至压缩机的吸气口，所述制冷制热系统经控制装置控制。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种冷凝式油水分离装置，其特征在于所述机箱内设有隔渣网筛，所述隔渣网筛四周与机箱内壁密封连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种冷凝式油水分离装置，其特征在于所述机箱一侧的排污装置中设有污水提升反冲洗机构，其包括反冲洗管和过滤装置，所述反冲洗管一端通过机箱侧壁伸入到机箱内部的隔渣网筛下方，另一端与排污管相连接，所述反冲洗管上安装有过滤装 置。
  5. 根据权利要求1或4所述的一种冷凝式油水分离装置，其特征在于所述污水排水箱一侧设有污水排空管道，所述污水排空管道上设有污水排空阀。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种冷凝式油水分离装置，其特征在于所述机箱侧壁上部设有溢流口，所述溢流口经溢流管与污水排空管道相连通。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种冷凝式油水分离装置，其特征在于所述机箱底面采用倾斜机箱底板，其由远离污水泵一端逐渐向污水泵一端倾斜。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种冷凝式油水分离装置，其特征在于所述除油槽底部呈倾斜状，所述出油孔位于除油槽底部的最低点处，所述出油孔内设置有油过滤装置。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种冷凝式油水分离装置，其特征在于所述冷凝板升降装置包括冷板减速机、冷板丝杠和冷板导向杆，所述机箱上端的机箱盖板中心设有冷板减速机，两侧分别设有导向穿孔，所述冷板减速机经控制装置控制，所述冷板丝杠下端与冷凝板固定连接，上端与冷板减速机的输出轴相连接，所述冷板导向杆穿过导向穿孔后其下端与冷凝板固定连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种冷凝式油水分离装置，其特征在于所述冷凝板升降装置包括也可以由冷板气缸和冷板导向杆组成，所述机箱上端的机箱盖板中心设有冷板气缸，两侧分别设有导向穿孔，所述冷板气缸经控制装置控制，所述冷板气缸的伸缩杆下端与冷凝板固定连接，所述冷板导向杆穿过导向穿孔后其下端与冷凝板固定连接。
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