WO2020056670A1 - 装配式建筑的成本预警方法和装置 - Google Patents

装配式建筑的成本预警方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020056670A1
WO2020056670A1 PCT/CN2018/106717 CN2018106717W WO2020056670A1 WO 2020056670 A1 WO2020056670 A1 WO 2020056670A1 CN 2018106717 W CN2018106717 W CN 2018106717W WO 2020056670 A1 WO2020056670 A1 WO 2020056670A1
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Prior art keywords
price
materials
cost
loss
purchase
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PCT/CN2018/106717
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
樊则森
张仲华
孙晖
苏世龙
李新伟
肖子捷
Original Assignee
中建科技有限公司深圳分公司
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Application filed by 中建科技有限公司深圳分公司 filed Critical 中建科技有限公司深圳分公司
Priority to PCT/CN2018/106717 priority Critical patent/WO2020056670A1/zh
Priority to SG11202102774SA priority patent/SG11202102774SA/en
Priority to US17/277,920 priority patent/US20210350427A1/en
Publication of WO2020056670A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020056670A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00—Commerce
    • G06Q30/02—Marketing; Price estimation or determination; Fundraising
    • G06Q30/0283—Price estimation or determination
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q30/00—Commerce
    • G06Q30/02—Marketing; Price estimation or determination; Fundraising
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
    • G06Q50/08—Construction

Definitions

  • the present application belongs to the technical field of prefabricated buildings, and particularly relates to a method and a device for early warning of the cost of prefabricated buildings.
  • a building made of prefabricated parts on the construction site is called a prefabricated building.
  • building houses can be manufactured in batches as a machine. As long as the prefabricated house components are transported to the construction site for assembly, they can be completed.
  • the application provides a method and a device for early warning of the cost of a prefabricated building, which can solve the technical problem that the construction cost of the building cannot be accurately predicted.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides a method for early warning of the cost of a prefabricated building, including:
  • a second aspect of the present application provides a cost early warning device for an assembled building, including:
  • An obtaining unit configured to obtain price information of a material of a component at different purchase periods, and statistics the price information to obtain a price change trend corresponding to the material of each component;
  • a generating unit configured to obtain the current price of the material, the bid price of the material, the cost profit and loss of the materials purchased for the construction project, the remaining material quantity, and a pre-established component production plan, and according to the price change trend, the material The current price of the material, the bid price of the material, the cost profit and loss of the material already purchased for the construction project, the amount of remaining material and the pre-established component production plan to generate the purchase plan for the material;
  • a calculation unit is configured to calculate a real-time cost profit or loss of the construction project according to the purchase plan, the bid price, and the cost profit or loss of the purchased materials.
  • a third aspect of the present application provides a terminal device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor.
  • the processor executes the computer program, the first aspect of the first aspect is implemented. Method steps.
  • a fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method of the first aspect above.
  • the price information of the materials of the components in different purchase periods is obtained, and the price information is calculated to obtain the price change trend corresponding to the materials of each component. Then, according to the price change trends and materials, The current price of the material, the bid price of the material, the cost profit and loss of the materials purchased for the construction project, the amount of remaining materials, and the pre-established component production plan to generate a purchase plan for the material, so that the purchase plan is a comprehensive consideration of the price of the material Price change trend, current material price, material bid price, cost profit and loss of materials purchased for construction projects, remaining material quantity and the optimal procurement plan obtained from the pre-established component production plan, so that the material purchase can both Does not affect the construction period, and can reasonably reduce the construction cost of the building when the price of the material changes with the market; at the same time, the user can also view the cost of the purchased material, the bid price, and the purchased material The real-time cost profit and loss of the construction project obtained from the profit and loss calculation.
  • the latest cost profit and loss of the construction project that is, the user can obtain the cost profit and loss of the construction project in different periods in real time, which solves the technical problem that the price of the material of the production component changes with the market and causes the construction cost of the building cannot be accurately predicted. .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of an implementation method of a cost early warning method for a prefabricated building according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of the implementation of step 102 of the cost early warning method of a prefabricated building according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a material price change trend provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of an implementation of step 103 of a cost early warning method of a prefabricated building according to an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cost early warning device for a prefabricated building according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic flowchart of an implementation method of a cost early warning method for a construction project according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the method may include steps 101 to 104, and is applicable to a situation that requires accurate prediction of a construction cost of a building.
  • Step 101 Obtain price information of the material of the component at different purchase periods, and perform statistics on the above price information to obtain a price change trend corresponding to the material of each component.
  • the component refers to a prefabricated house component used for assembling a building in a prefabricated building.
  • the production of various components can be started according to the construction period.
  • the first thing to do is the purchase of the material of the component. By obtaining the purchase price of the material, the component production can be calculated cost.
  • the price of the material of each component is calculated by obtaining the price information of the component material at different purchase periods.
  • the change trend then, based on the above price change trend, the current price of the material, the bid price of the material, the cost profit and loss of the purchased material of the construction project, the remaining material quantity and the pre-established component production plan,
  • the above procurement plan is the optimal result obtained by comprehensively considering the price and price trend of materials, the current price of materials, the bid price of materials, the cost profit and loss of materials purchased for construction projects, the amount of remaining materials, and the pre-established component production plan.
  • the obtaining the price information of the material of the component in different purchase periods includes: obtaining the historical purchase time of the material of the component pre-stored by the prefabricated building construction platform and the historical price information corresponding to the historical purchase time.
  • the material of the component in each construction item included in the prefabricated building construction platform is The historical purchase time and historical price information corresponding to the historical purchase time are stored in advance in a database associated with the component; the historical purchase time of the material of the component stored in advance by the prefabricated building construction platform and the history are obtained from the database. Historical price information corresponding to the purchase time.
  • each construction project included in the prefabricated building construction platform may be a construction project under construction or a construction project that has already been completed.
  • the historical purchase time of the materials of the components in each construction project included in the prefabricated building construction platform and the historical price information corresponding to the historical purchase time are previously stored in a database associated with the components; Then, the historical purchase time of the material of the component stored in advance by the prefabricated building construction platform and the historical price information corresponding to the historical purchase time are obtained from the database, so that the price information of the obtained material of the component at different purchase periods is relatively Complete price information, and at the same time make the price change trend corresponding to the material of each component obtained by statistics according to the above price information a more accurate price change trend.
  • the database may be a relational database MySQL.
  • the above-mentioned prefabricated building construction platform may be based on the integration of prefabricated building design, production, and construction; building, structure, electromechanical, interior integration and technology, management, and industrial integration (referred to as three integrations) for integrated construction. It integrates technologies such as BIM, Internet, Internet of Things, prefabricated building, and innovatively developed building + Internet platform.
  • Step 102 Obtain the current price of the above materials, the bid price of the materials, the cost profit and loss of the purchased materials for the construction project, the remaining material quantity, and the pre-established component production plan.
  • the bid price, the cost profit and loss of the materials purchased for the construction project, the amount of remaining materials, and the pre-established component production plan generate the purchase plan for the above materials.
  • the current price of the above materials refers to the market price at the time of purchase.
  • the bidding price of the above materials is the bidding price of the materials obtained by converting the bidding prices of the components of the construction project according to the material composition of the components.
  • the cost profit and loss of the materials purchased for the above construction project refers to the sum of the product of the difference between the purchase price of the materials purchased for the construction project and the bid price of the above materials and the purchase amount.
  • the above difference is a negative number, which is a loss; when the price of purchased materials for the construction project is less than the bid price of the materials, the above price difference It is a positive number, which is a profit; when the price of the materials purchased for the construction project at the time of purchase is equal to the bid price of the above materials, the above difference is zero, which is no loss and no profit.
  • the above-mentioned remaining material quantity refers to the quantity of materials hoarded in the historical purchase of construction projects.
  • the above-mentioned pre-established component production plan refers to the component production plan formulated in conjunction with the construction period when the construction project is started, that is, the component demand for each construction phase formulated according to the construction needs.
  • the procurement plan for the above materials includes a procurement plan for one or more batches of materials, and the procurement plan for each batch of materials includes the procurement time and quantity of materials.
  • the above-mentioned materials are generated according to the above-mentioned price change trend, the current price of the material, the bid price of the material, the cost profit and loss of the materials purchased for the construction project, the remaining material quantity, and the pre-established component production plan.
  • the purchase plan may include: Step 201 to Step 206.
  • Step 201 Obtain an expected price of the material according to the price trend.
  • Step 202 Determine whether the current price of the material is greater than the expected price, and determine whether the current price of the material is greater than the bid price.
  • the foregoing expected price refers to a price obtained by predicting a period of time in the future.
  • the current price is greater than or equal to the expected price, it means that the current price of the material is too expensive to be purchased in large quantities.
  • the current price of the material is less than the expected price, it means that the current price of the material is cheaper and can be stocked in an appropriate amount.
  • the above judgment of whether the current price of the material is greater than the bid price is to calculate the profit and loss corresponding to the currently purchased material.
  • the current price of the material is greater than the bid price, it indicates that the purchase of the material is a loss-making purchase.
  • the current price of the material is less than the bid price, Indicates that the material purchase is a profitable purchase. Therefore, it is necessary to determine whether the current price of the material is greater than the expected price, and whether the current price of the material is greater than the bid price.
  • the obtaining the expected price of the material according to the price change trend includes obtaining the price range of the material in a preset time period according to the price change trend, and taking an average price of the price range as the expected price of the material.
  • the price change trend of the above materials is the price change trend shown in FIG. 3, if the current time is time t1, the price range of [t1, t2] in the future preset time period is [p1, p2].
  • the expected price of the material is the average price (p1 + p2) / 2 of the above price range [p1, p2].
  • the preset time period can be set in advance according to practical experience, or can be set according to the duration of each construction period. For example, set based on the expected time from the next material purchase.
  • step 203 if the current price of the material is greater than the expected price, and the current price of the material is greater than the bid price, a first procurement plan is generated according to the remaining material quantity and a pre-established component production plan; To meet the minimum material requirements of the current construction period.
  • the first purchase plan needs to be determined based on the remaining material quantity and the component production plan made in advance, and the first purchase plan is used to meet the minimum material requirements of the current construction period.
  • the purchase quantity of the first procurement plan is zero.
  • the above-mentioned procurement plan for generating the above-mentioned materials according to the above-mentioned price trends, current prices of materials, bid prices, cost profit and loss of materials purchased for construction projects, remaining quantities of materials, and pre-established component production plans includes: Price change trend, current price of materials, bid price, cost profit and loss of materials purchased for construction projects, remaining material quantity and pre-established component production plan Generate a purchase plan for one or more batches of materials, and purchase of each batch of materials The plan includes the timing and quantity of materials purchased.
  • the above-mentioned first procurement plan specifically refers to the purchase time and purchase amount of each batch of materials calculated according to the remaining material quantity and the component production plan made in advance.
  • the above purchase amount is only one day, one week, or one month of material usage for each batch, and the material purchase time of the first batch can be calculated according to a pre-established component production plan after the remaining material amount can be maintained Make sure.
  • the above generates a purchase plan for one or more batches of materials, and the purchase plan for each batch of materials includes the purchase time and quantity of the materials, which can be purchased in batches according to the amount of the construction period; Purchase the above-mentioned materials, or purchase the above-mentioned materials on a weekly basis; or purchase the entire amount of the above-mentioned materials in the above-mentioned construction project at one time.
  • step 204 if the current price of the material is greater than the expected price, and the current price of the material is less than the bid price, a second purchase is generated according to the cost profit and loss of the purchased material, the remaining material quantity and the pre-established component production plan. Plan, the above-mentioned second procurement plan is used to make up for the deficit when the cost of the purchased materials is incurred, and to meet the minimum material requirements of the current construction period.
  • the current price of the material is greater than the expected price, it indicates that the current price of the material is too expensive and is not suitable for mass purchase, but because the current price of the material is less than the bid price, the material purchase is a profitable purchase. Therefore, when there is a deficit in the cost of the purchased materials, the minimum material requirements for the current construction period can be met to make up for the deficit, thereby reducing the risk of material purchase losses.
  • step 205 if the current price of the material is less than the expected price, and the current price of the material is greater than the bid price, a third procurement plan is generated according to the remaining material quantity and a pre-established component production plan for hoarding the first quantity. s material.
  • the current price of the material when the current price of the material is less than the expected price, it means that the current price of the material is cheaper and can be stocked in an appropriate amount.
  • the current price of the material is greater than the bid price, it indicates that the purchase of the material is a loss-making purchase, so In order to avoid further losses caused by the subsequent rise in material prices, material hoarding is required, but in order to control the current material price greater than the bid price, the loss of material purchase can be buffered. At this time, it is still not appropriate to hoard excess materials at one time. Therefore, the above-mentioned prefabricated building cost early warning method automatically generates a third purchase plan by combining the amount of remaining materials and a pre-established component production plan, and hoards the first amount of materials.
  • first quantity of materials may refer to the quantity of materials that need to be used in recent periods except for the duration that the remaining material quantity can be maintained.
  • step 206 if the current price of the material is less than the expected price, and the current price of the material is less than the bid price, a fourth procurement plan is generated according to the remaining material quantity and a pre-established component production plan. For hoarding a second quantity of material, wherein the second quantity is greater than the first quantity.
  • the current price of the material when the current price of the material is less than the expected price, it means that the current price of the material is cheaper and can be stocked in an appropriate amount; at the same time, when the current price of the material is less than the bid price, it indicates that the purchase of the material is a profitable purchase Therefore, according to the remaining material quantity and the component production plan made in advance, the quantity of materials required for the entire production process of the component can be obtained, and the purchase can be made according to a preset ratio, for example, the entire amount of the above materials in the construction project is purchased at one time.
  • Step 103 Calculate the real-time cost profit and loss of the construction project according to the above purchase plan, bid price, and cost profit and loss of purchased materials.
  • the calculation of the real-time cost profit and loss of the above-mentioned construction project is the real-time cost profit and loss calculated according to market changes.
  • the user can compare the real-time cost profit and loss with the pre-made cost plan to grasp the real-time costs of the construction project and the future. To realize the cost early warning of construction projects, and artificially adjust the above procurement plan.
  • the above purchase plan can be used as a reference for users. Users can calculate the real-time cost profit and loss of the construction project based on the purchase plan, the bid price, and the cost profit and loss of the purchased materials. The above-mentioned purchase plan is artificially adjusted to obtain the optimal purchase plan.
  • the above-mentioned calculation of the real-time cost profit and loss of the construction project according to the purchase plan, the bid price, and the cost profit and loss of the purchased materials includes steps 401 to 402.
  • Step 401 Generate an estimated profit or loss for the current purchase according to the purchase plan and the bid price.
  • the purchase cost generated according to the purchase plan is an estimated profit and loss generated based on the current price of the material and the bid price, and the estimated profit and loss is close to the actual profit and loss.
  • step 402 the estimated profit and loss and the cost profit and loss of the purchased materials are summed to obtain the real-time cost profit and loss of the construction project.
  • the above-mentioned real-time cost profit and loss refers to the latest cost profit and loss of the construction project, which solves the technical problem that the price of the material of the production component changes with the market, resulting in the construction cost of the building cannot be accurately predicted.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cost early warning device for a construction project according to an embodiment of the present application. For convenience of explanation, only parts related to the embodiment of the present application are shown; including: an obtaining unit 501, a generating unit 502, and a calculating unit 503. .
  • the obtaining unit 501 is configured to obtain price information of a material of a component in different purchase periods, perform statistics on the above price information, and obtain a price change trend corresponding to the material of each component;
  • a generating unit 502 is configured to obtain the current price of the above materials, the bid price of the above materials, the cost profit and loss of the materials purchased for the construction project, the remaining material quantity, and a pre-established component production plan, Price, material bid price, cost profit and loss of materials purchased for the construction project, remaining material quantity and pre-established component production plan to generate the purchase plan for the above materials;
  • a calculation unit 503 is configured to calculate a real-time cost profit or loss of the construction project according to the purchase plan, the bid price, and the cost profit or loss of the purchased materials.
  • the obtaining unit 501 is further specifically configured to obtain the historical purchase time of the materials of the components stored in advance by the prefabricated building construction platform and the historical price information corresponding to the historical purchase time.
  • the above-mentioned cost early warning device further includes a storage unit, which is specifically configured to store the historical purchase time of the materials of the components in each construction project included in the prefabricated building construction platform and the historical price information corresponding to the historical purchase time.
  • a storage unit which is specifically configured to store the historical purchase time of the materials of the components in each construction project included in the prefabricated building construction platform and the historical price information corresponding to the historical purchase time.
  • the obtaining unit 501 is further specifically configured to obtain, from the database, the historical purchase time of the materials of the components stored in advance on the prefabricated building construction platform and the historical price information corresponding to the historical purchase time.
  • the generating unit is specifically configured to obtain the current price of the material according to the price change trend and the current price of the material; to obtain a procurement method corresponding to the current price of the material; according to the procurement method and the predetermined component
  • the production plan generates a purchase plan for the above materials.
  • the generating unit is further specifically configured to obtain the expected price of the material according to the price change trend; determine whether the current price of the material is greater than the expected price, and determine whether the current price of the material is greater than the bid price; if the above If the current price of the material is greater than the expected price, and the current price of the material is greater than the bid price, a first purchase plan is generated based on the remaining material quantity and a pre-established component production plan. The first purchase plan is used to meet the current construction period.
  • the above second purchasing plan is used to make up for the shortfall in the cost of the purchased materials and meet the minimum material requirements of the current construction period; if the current price of the material is less than the expected price and the current price of the material At the above bid price, a third procurement plan is generated based on the remaining material quantity and a pre-established component production plan, and the third procurement plan is used to hoard the first quantity of material; if the current price of the material is less than the expected price, and If the current price of the above materials is less than the above bid price, a fourth procurement plan is generated based on the quantity of remaining materials and a pre-established component production plan, and the fourth procurement plan is used to hoard a second quantity of materials, where the second quantity is greater than the first A quantity.
  • the generating unit is further configured to generate a batch according to the price trend, the current price of the material, the bid price, the cost profit and loss of the materials purchased for the construction project, the amount of remaining materials, and the pre-established component production plan.
  • the purchase plan of one or more batches of materials, and the purchase plan of each batch of materials includes the purchase time and quantity of materials.
  • the calculation unit is further specifically used to generate an estimated profit and loss of the current purchase according to the purchase plan and the bid price; and sum the estimated profit and loss with the cost profit and loss of the purchased materials to obtain the real-time cost of the construction project. Profit and loss.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a terminal device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal device 6 of this embodiment includes a processor 60, a memory 61, and a computer program 62 stored in the memory 61 and executable on the processor 60.
  • the processor 60 executes the computer program 62
  • the steps in the embodiment of the cost early-warning method for each of the fabricated buildings are implemented, for example, steps 101 to 103 shown in FIG.
  • the processor 60 executes the computer program 62
  • the functions of each module / unit in the foregoing device embodiments are implemented, for example, the functions of modules 501 to 503 shown in FIG. 5.
  • the computer program 62 may be divided into one or more modules / units, and the one or more modules / units are stored in the memory 61 and executed by the processor 60 to complete the present application.
  • the one or more modules / units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions, and the instruction segments are used to describe the execution process of the computer program 62 in the terminal device 6.
  • the terminal device 6 may be a computing device such as a desktop computer, a notebook, a palmtop computer, a cloud server, or a server.
  • the terminal device may include, but is not limited to, a processor 60 and a memory 61.
  • FIG. 6 is only an example of the terminal device 6 and does not constitute a limitation on the terminal device 6. It may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine some components or different components.
  • the terminal device may further include an input / output device, a network access device, a bus, and the like.
  • the processor 60 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), and application-specific integrated circuits (Applications) Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuits
  • FPGA off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the memory 61 may be an internal storage unit of the terminal device 6, such as a hard disk or a memory of the terminal device 6.
  • the memory 61 may also be an external storage device of the terminal device 6, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart media card (SMC), a secure digital (SD) card, and a flash memory provided on the terminal device 6. Card (Flash Card), etc.
  • the memory 61 may further include both the internal storage unit of the terminal device 6 and an external storage device.
  • the memory 61 is configured to store the computer program and other programs and data required by the terminal device.
  • the above-mentioned memory 61 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.
  • the disclosed apparatus / terminal device and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device / terminal device embodiments described above are only schematic.
  • the division of the above modules or units is only a logical function division.
  • Components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which may be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, which may be located in one place, or may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objective of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each of the units may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional unit.
  • the above integrated modules / units When the above integrated modules / units are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, this application implements all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments, and can also be completed by a computer program instructing related hardware.
  • the above computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer program When executed by a processor, the steps of the foregoing method embodiments may be implemented.
  • the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code may be in a source code form, an object code form, an executable file, or some intermediate form.
  • the computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory 1. memory access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media.
  • a recording medium a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory 1. memory access Memory (RAM), electrical carrier signals, telecommunication signals, and software distribution media.

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Abstract

一种装配式建筑的成本预警方法和装置，所述装配式建筑的成本预警方法包括：获取构件的材料在不同购买时期的价格信息，并对所述价格信息进行统计，得到每种构件的材料对应的价格变化趋势；获取构件的材料的当前价格、所述材料的投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划，根据所述价格变化趋势、材料的当前价格、材料的投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成所述材料的采购计划；根据所述采购计划、所述投标价格和所述已购买的材料的成本盈亏计算所述建筑项目的实时成本盈亏；所述的装配式建筑的成本预警方法和装置解决了生产构件的材料的价格随市场发生变动，导致建筑的建造成本无法准确预测的技术问题。

Description

装配式建筑的成本预警方法和装置 技术领域
本申请属于装配式建筑技术领域，尤其涉及一种装配式建筑的成本预警方法和装置。
 背景技术
由预制部品部件在工地装配而成的建筑，称为装配式建筑；随着现代工业技术的发展，建造房屋可以像机器生产一样，成批成套地制造。只要把预制好的房屋构件，运到工地装配起来就可以建成。
然而，生产构件的材料的价格会随着市场发生变动，使得建筑的建造成本无法准确预测。
 技术问题
本申请提供了一种装配式建筑的成本预警方法和装置，可以解决建筑的建造成本无法准确预测的技术问题。
 技术解决方案
本申请的第一方面提供了一种装配式建筑的成本预警方法，包括：
获取构件的材料在不同购买时期的价格信息，对所述价格信息进行统计，得到每种构件的材料对应的价格变化趋势；
获取所述材料的当前价格、所述材料的投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划，根据所述价格变化趋势、材料的当前价格、材料的投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成所述材料的采购计划；
根据所述采购计划、所述投标价格和所述已购买的材料的成本盈亏计算所述建筑项目的实时成本盈亏。
本申请的第二方面提供了一种装配式建筑的成本预警装置，包括：
获取单元，用于获取构件的材料在不同购买时期的价格信息，对所述价格信息进行统计，得到每种构件的材料对应的价格变化趋势；
生成单元，用于获取所述材料的当前价格、所述材料的投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划，根据所述价格变化趋势、材料的当前价格、材料的投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成所述材料的采购计划；
计算单元，用于根据所述采购计划、所述投标价格和所述已购买的材料的成本盈亏计算所述建筑项目的实时成本盈亏。
本申请的第三方面提供了一种终端设备，包括存储器、处理器以及存储在上述存储器中并可在上述处理器上运行的计算机程序，上述处理器执行上述计算机程序时实现如上第一方面的方法的步骤。
本申请的第四方面提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，上述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，上述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如上第一方面的方法的步骤。
 有益效果
本申请实施例中通过获取构件的材料在不同购买时期的价格信息，并对所述价格信息进行统计，得到每种构件的材料对应的价格变化趋势，接着，再根据所述价格变化趋势、材料的当前价格、材料的投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成所述材料的采购计划，使得所述采购计划为综合考虑了材料的价价格变化趋势、材料的当前价格、材料的投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划得到的最优采购计划，从而使得该材料的采购既能不影响工期，又能在材料价格随市场发生变动的情况下合理地降低建筑的建造成本；同时，用户还可以通过查看根据所述采购计划、所述投标价格和所述已购买的材料的成本盈亏计算得到的建筑项目的实时成本盈亏，得到建筑项目的最新成本盈亏，即，用户能够实时获取建筑项目的建造进行到不同时期时的成本盈亏，解决了生产构件的材料的价格随市场发生变动，导致建筑的建造成本无法准确预测的技术问题。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本申请实施例提供的装配式建筑的成本预警方法的实现流程示意图；
图2是本申请实施例提供的装配式建筑的成本预警方法步骤102的实现流程示意图；
图3是本申请实施例提供的材料价格变化趋势的示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的装配式建筑的成本预警方法步骤103的实现流程示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的装配式建筑的成本预警装置的示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的终端设备的示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
以下描述中，为了说明而不是为了限定，提出了诸如特定系统结构、技术之类的具体细节，以便透彻理解本申请实施例。然而，本领域的技术人员应当清楚，在没有这些具体细节的其它实施例中也可以实现本申请。在其它情况中，省略对众所周知的系统、装置、电路以及方法的详细说明，以免不必要的细节妨碍本申请的描述。
应当理解，当在本说明书和所附权利要求书中使用时，术语“包括”指示所描述特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素和/或组件的存在，但并不排除一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元素、组件和/或其集合的存在或添加。
还应当理解，在此本申请说明书中所使用的术语仅仅是出于描述特定实施例的目的而并不意在限制本申请。如在本申请说明书和所附权利要求书中所使用的那样，除非上下文清楚地指明其它情况，否则单数形式的“一”、“一个”及“该”意在包括复数形式。
还应当进一步理解，在本申请说明书和所附权利要求书中使用的术语“和/或”是指相关联列出的项中的一个或多个的任何组合以及所有可能组合，并且包括这些组合。
图1示出了本申请实施例提供的建筑项目的成本预警方法的实现流程示意图，该方法可以包括步骤101至步骤104，适用于需要准确预测建筑的建造成本的情形。
步骤101，获取构件的材料在不同购买时期的价格信息，并对上述价格信息进行统计，得到每种构件的材料对应的价格变化趋势。
其中，构件是指装配式建筑中用于装配建筑的预制好的房屋构件。在建筑项目完成设计开始建造时，则可以根据施工工期开始各种构件的生产，在构件生产时，首先要进行的便是构件的材料购买，通过获取材料的购买价格即可推算出构件的生产成本。
为了避免因市场变动导致材料成本远大于预算成本的情况下，无法实现成本预警，本申请实施例中，通过获取构件的材料在不同购买时期的价格信息，统计出每种构件的材料对应的价格变化趋势，接着，再根据上述价格变化趋势、材料的当前价格、材料的投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成上述材料的采购计划，使得上述采购计划为综合考虑了材料的价价格变化趋势、材料的当前价格、材料的投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划得到的最优采购计划，从而使得该材料的采购既能不影响工期，又能在材料价格随市场发生变动的情况下合理地降低建筑的建造成本；同时，用户还可以通过查看根据上述采购计划、上述投标价格和上述已购买的材料的成本盈亏计算得到的建筑项目的实时成本盈亏，得到建筑项目的最新成本盈亏，即，用户能够实时获取建筑项目的建造进行到不同时期时的成本盈亏，解决了生产构件的材料的价格随市场发生变动，导致建筑的建造成本无法准确预测的技术问题。
可选的，上述获取构件的材料在不同购买时期的价格信息包括：获取装配式建筑建造平台预先存储的构件的材料的历史购买时间以及与上述历史购买时间对应的历史价格信息。
例如，在获取装配式建筑建造平台预先存储的构件的材料的历史购买时间以及与上述历史购买时间对应的历史价格信息之前，将装配式建筑建造平台中包含的每个建筑项目中构件的材料的历史购买时间以及与上述历史购买时间对应的历史价格信息预先存储至与上述构件关联的数据库中；从上述数据库中获取上述装配式建筑建造平台预先存储的构件的材料的历史购买时间以及与上述历史购买时间对应的历史价格信息。
其中，装配式建筑建造平台中包含的每个建筑项目可以是正在进行建造的建筑项目，也可以是已经竣工的建筑项目。
本申请实施例中，上述将装配式建筑建造平台中包含的每个建筑项目中构件的材料的历史购买时间以及与上述历史购买时间对应的历史价格信息预先存储至与上述构件关联的数据库中；再从上述数据库中获取上述装配式建筑建造平台预先存储的构件的材料的历史购买时间以及与上述历史购买时间对应的历史价格信息，使得获取到的构件的材料在不同购买时期的价格信息为较完整的价格信息，同时使得根据上述价格信息进行统计得到的每种构件的材料对应的价格变化趋势为较精确的价格变化趋势。
本申请实施例中，上述数据库可以为关系型数据库MySQL。
上述装配式建筑建造平台可以是围绕装配式建筑设计、生产、施工一体化；建筑、结构、机电、内装一体化和技术、管理、产业一体化（简称三个一体化）集成建造的需要，系统性集成BIM、互联网、物联网、装配式建筑等技术，创新研发的建筑+互联网平台。
步骤102，获取上述材料的当前价格、材料的投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划，根据上述价格变化趋势、材料的当前价格、材料的投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成上述材料的采购计划。
其中，上述材料当前的价格是指采购时的市场价格。
上述材料的投标价格是建筑项目的构件的投标价格根据构件的材料构成进行折算后得到材料的投标价格。
上述建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏是指建筑项目已购买的材料在购买时的价格与上述材料的投标价格之间的差价与购买量的乘积之和。当建筑项目已购买的材料在购买时的价格大于上述材料的投标价格时，上述差价为负数，属于亏损；当建筑项目已购买的材料在购买时的价格小于上述材料的投标价格时，上述差价为正数，属于盈利；当建筑项目已购买的材料在购买时的价格等于上述材料的投标价格时，上述差价为零，属于无亏损无盈利。
上述剩余的材料数量是指建筑项目在历史采购中囤积的材料数量。
上述预先制定的构件生产计划是指在建筑项目开始进行构建时结合施工工期制定的构件生产计划，即根据施工需要制定的每个施工阶段的构件需求量。
上述材料的采购计划包括一批或多批材料的采购计划，并且每批材料的采购计划包括材料的采购时间和采购数量。
具体的，如图2所示，上述根据上述价格变化趋势、材料的当前价格、材料的投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成上述材料的采购计划可以包括：步骤201至步骤206。
步骤201，根据上述价格变化趋势获取材料的预期价格。
步骤202，判断上述材料当前的价格是否大于上述预期价格，并判断上述材料当前的价格是否大于上述投标价格。
上述预期价格是指对未来一段时间内进行预测得到的价格，本申请实施例中，通过判断上述材料当前的价格是否大于上述预期价格，以便得到上述材料的价格在未来的涨跌趋势，在材料当前的价格大于或等于预期价格时，表示材料当前的价格偏贵，不适宜大量购买，在材料当前的价格小于预期价格时，表示材料当前的价格较便宜，可以适量囤货。
上述判断材料当前的价格是否大于投标价格是为了计算当前购买材料对应的盈亏，当材料当前的价格大于投标价格时，表示此次材料购买为亏损性购买，当材料当前的价格小于投标价格时，表示此次材料购买为盈利性购买。因此，需要判断上述材料当前的价格是否大于上述预期价格，以及判断上述材料当前的价格是否大于上述投标价格。
可选的，上述根据上述价格变化趋势获取材料的预期价格，包括：根据上述价格变化趋势获取上述材料未来预设时间段内的价格区间，取上述价格区间的平均价格作为上述材料的预期价格。
例如，上述材料的价格变化趋势为如图3所示的价格变化趋势时，若当前时刻为t1时刻，则未来预设时间段内[t1，t2]的价格区间为[p1，p2]，上述材料的预期价格为上述价格区间[p1，p2]的平均价格（p1+p2）/2。
需要说明的是，上述预设时间段可以根据实践经验预先设定，也可以根据每个工期持续的时间进行设定。例如，根据距离下一次材料采购的预期时间进行设定。
步骤203，若上述材料当前的价格大于上述预期价格，并且上述材料当前的价格大于上述投标价格，则根据剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成第一采购计划；上述第一采购计划用于满足当前工期的最小材料需求。
本申请实施例中，在材料当前的价格大于或等于预期价格时，表示材料当前的价格偏贵，未来有可能会跌，同时在当材料当前的价格大于投标价格时，表示此次材料购买为亏损性购买，因此，需要根据剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划确定第一采购计划，并且该第一采购计划用于满足当前工期的最小材料需求。
例如，剩余的材料数量能够满足当前工期的材料需求时，则上述第一采购计划的采购数量为零。
可选的，上述根据上述价格变化趋势、材料当前的价格、投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成上述材料的采购计划包括：根据上述价格变化趋势、材料当前的价格、投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成一批或多批材料的采购计划，并且每批材料的采购计划包括材料的采购时间和采购数量。
例如，上述第一采购计划具体是指根据剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划计算得到的每一批次的材料购买时间和购买量。又例如，上述购买量为每一批次只购买一天、一周或一个月的材料用量，并且第一批次的材料购买时间可以根据预先制定的构件生产计划计算剩余的材料数量可以维持的时间之后进行确定。
具体的，上述生成一批或多批材料的采购计划，并且每批材料的采购计划包括材料的采购时间和采购数量可以是按工期的用量分批次购买上述材料；如按工期的用量每天定量采购上述材料，或者每周定量采购上述材料；或者一次性购买上述材料在上述建筑项目中的全部用量。
步骤204，若上述材料当前的价格大于上述预期价格，并且上述材料当前的价格小于上述投标价格，则根据已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成第二采购计划，上述第二采购计划用于在已购买的材料的成本出现亏空时，补足亏空，并满足当前工期的最小材料需求。
本申请实施例中，在上述材料当前的价格大于上述预期价格，表示材料当前的价格偏贵，不适宜大量购买，但是由于材料当前的价格小于上述投标价格，表示此次材料购买为盈利性购买，因此，可以在已购买的材料的成本出现亏空时，补足该亏空的情况下，满足当前工期的最小材料需求，从而降低材料购买的亏损风险。
步骤205，若上述材料当前的价格小于上述预期价格，并且上述材料当前的价格大于上述投标价格，则根据剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成第三采购计划，用于囤积第一数量的材料。
本申请实施例中，在材料当前的价格小于预期价格时，表示材料当前的价格较便宜，可以适量囤货，但是由于材料当前的价格大于投标价格，表示此次材料购买为亏损性购买，因此，为了避免后续材料价格上涨带来的进一步损失，需要进行材料的囤积，但是为了控制材料当前的价格大于投标价格导致材料购买的亏损能够有所缓冲，此时，仍不宜一次性囤积过量的材料，因此，上述装配式建筑的成本预警方法结合剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划自动生成第三采购计划，囤积第一数量的材料。
需要说明的是，上述第一数量的材料可以是指排除剩余材料数量能够维持的工期以外，近几期工期所需要使用的材料的数量。
步骤206，若上述材料当前的价格小于上述预期价格，并且上述材料当前的价格小于上述投标价格，则根据剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成第四采购计划，上述第四采购计划用于囤积第二数量的材料，其中，第二数量大于第一数量。
本申请实施例中，在材料当前的价格小于预期价格时，表示材料当前的价格较便宜，可以适量囤货；同时，当材料当前的价格小于投标价格时，表示此次材料购买为盈利性购买，因此，可以根据剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划获取构件整个生产过程中需要的材料数量，按预设比例进行采购，如，一次性购买上述材料在上述建筑项目中的全部用量。
步骤103，根据上述采购计划、投标价格和已购买的材料的成本盈亏计算建筑项目的实时成本盈亏。
其中，计算上述建筑项目的实时成本盈亏为根据市场变化计算出的实时成本盈亏，用户可以通过将该实时成本盈亏与预先制定的成本计划进行对比，实时掌握建筑项目已发生的成本和未来要发生的成本，实现对建筑项目进行成本预警，人为调整上述采购计划。
也就是说，上述采购计划可以作为用户的参考依据，用户可以根据上述采购计划、上述投标价格和上述已购买的材料的成本盈亏计算上述建筑项目的实时成本盈亏之后，在该实时成本盈亏的指导下对上述采购计划进行人为调整，得到最优的采购计划。
具体的，如图4所示，上述根据上述采购计划、上述投标价格和上述已购买的材料的成本盈亏计算上述建筑项目的实时成本盈亏包括：步骤401至步骤402。
步骤401，根据上述采购计划和上述投标价格生成当前采购的预估盈亏。
由于上述采购计划为执行采购前生成的采购计划，因此，根据该采购计划生成的采购成本为根据材料当前的价格和投标价格生成的预估盈亏，并且该预估盈亏与实际盈亏较为接近。
步骤402，将上述预估盈亏与上述已购买的材料的成本盈亏求和得到上述建筑项目实时成本盈亏。
上述实时成本盈亏是指建筑项目的最新成本盈亏，解决了生产构件的材料的价格随市场发生变动，导致建筑的建造成本无法准确预测的技术问题。
应理解，上述实施例中各步骤的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
参见图5，是本申请实施例提供的建筑项目的成本预警装置的示意图，为了便于说明，仅示出了与本申请实施例相关的部分；包括：获取单元501、生成单元502和计算单元503。
获取单元501，用于获取构件的材料在不同购买时期的价格信息，对上述价格信息进行统计，得到每种构件的材料对应的价格变化趋势；
生成单元502，用于获取上述材料的当前价格、上述材料的投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划，根据上述价格变化趋势、材料的当前价格、材料的投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成上述材料的采购计划；
计算单元503，用于根据上述采购计划、上述投标价格和上述已购买的材料的成本盈亏计算上述建筑项目的实时成本盈亏。
可选的，上述获取单元501，还具体用于获取装配式建筑建造平台预先存储的构件的材料的历史购买时间以及与上述历史购买时间对应的历史价格信息。
可选的，上述成本预警装置还包括存储单元，具体用于将装配式建筑建造平台中包含的每个建筑项目中构件的材料的历史购买时间以及与上述历史购买时间对应的历史价格信息预先存储至与上述构件关联的数据库中。相应的，上述获取单元501，还具体用于从上述数据库中获取上述装配式建筑建造平台预先存储的构件的材料的历史购买时间以及与上述历史购买时间对应的历史价格信息。
可选的，上述生成单元具体用于，根据上述价格变化趋势和上述材料当前的价格获取上述材料的当前价位；获取上述材料的当前价位对应的采购方式；根据上述采购方式以及上述预先制定的构件生产计划生成上述材料的采购计划。
可选的，上述生成单元还具体用于，根据上述价格变化趋势获取材料的预期价格；判断上述材料当前的价格是否大于上述预期价格，并判断上述材料当前的价格是否大于上述投标价格；若上述材料当前的价格大于上述预期价格，并且上述材料当前的价格大于上述投标价格，则根据剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成第一采购计划，上述第一采购计划用于满足当前工期的最小材料需求；若上述材料当前的价格大于上述预期价格，并且上述材料当前的价格小于上述投标价格，则根据已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成第二采购计划，上述第二采购计划用于在已购买的材料的成本出现亏空时，补足亏空，并满足当前工期的最小材料需求；若上述材料当前的价格小于上述预期价格，并且上述材料当前的价格大于上述投标价格，则根据剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成第三采购计划，上述第三采购计划用于囤积第一数量的材料；若上述材料当前的价格小于上述预期价格，并且上述材料当前的价格小于上述投标价格，则根据剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成第四采购计划，上述第四采购计划用于囤积第二数量的材料，其中，第二数量大于第一数量。
可选的，上述生成单元还具体用于，根据上述价格变化趋势、材料当前的价格、投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成一批或多批材料的采购计划，并且每批材料的采购计划包括材料的采购时间和采购数量。
可选的，上述计算单元还具体用于，根据上述采购计划和上述投标价格生成当前采购的预估盈亏；将上述预估盈亏与上述已购买的材料的成本盈亏求和得到上述建筑项目实时成本盈亏。
图6是本申请一实施例提供的终端设备的示意图。如图6所示，该实施例的终端设备6包括：处理器60、存储器61以及存储在上述存储器61中并可在上述处理器60上运行的计算机程序62。上述处理器60执行上述计算机程序62时实现上述各个装配式建筑的成本预警方法实施例中的步骤，例如图1所示的步骤101至103。或者，上述处理器60执行上述计算机程序62时实现上述各装置实施例中各模块/单元的功能，例如图5所示模块501至503的功能。
示例性的，上述计算机程序62可以被分割成一个或多个模块/单元，上述一个或者多个模块/单元被存储在上述存储器61中，并由上述处理器60执行，以完成本申请。上述一个或多个模块/单元可以是能够完成特定功能的一系列计算机程序指令段，该指令段用于描述上述计算机程序62在上述终端设备6中的执行过程。
上述终端设备6可以是桌上型计算机、笔记本、掌上电脑、云端服务器或服务器等计算设备。上述终端设备可包括，但不仅限于，处理器60、存储器61。本领域技术人员可以理解，图6仅仅是终端设备6的示例，并不构成对终端设备6的限定，可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件，例如上述终端设备还可以包括输入输出设备、网络接入设备、总线等。
所称处理器60可以是中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit，CPU)，还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器 (Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路 (Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列 (Field-Programmable Gate Array，FPGA) 或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
上述存储器61可以是上述终端设备6的内部存储单元，例如终端设备6的硬盘或内存。上述存储器61也可以是上述终端设备6的外部存储设备，例如上述终端设备6上配备的插接式硬盘，智能存储卡（Smart Media Card，SMC），安全数字（Secure Digital，SD）卡，闪存卡（Flash Card）等。进一步地，上述存储器61还可以既包括上述终端设备6的内部存储单元也包括外部存储设备。上述存储器61用于存储上述计算机程序以及上述终端设备所需的其他程序和数据。上述存储器61还可以用于暂时地存储已经输出或者将要输出的数据。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为了描述的方便和简洁，仅以上述各功能单元、模块的划分进行举例说明，实际应用中，可以根据需要而将上述功能分配由不同的功能单元、模块完成，即将上述装置的内部结构划分成不同的功能单元或模块，以完成以上描述的全部或者部分功能。实施例中的各功能单元、模块可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中，上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。另外，各功能单元、模块的具体名称也只是为了便于相互区分，并不用于限制本申请的保护范围。上述系统中单元、模块的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详述或记载的部分，可以参见其它实施例的相关描述。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
在本申请所提供的实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置/终端设备和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置/终端设备实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，上述模块或单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通讯连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通讯连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
上述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
上述集成的模块/单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程，也可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，上述的计算机程序可存储于一计算机可读存储介质中，该计算机程序在被处理器执行时，可实现上述各个方法实施例的步骤。其中，上述计算机程序包括计算机程序代码，上述计算机程序代码可以为源代码形式、对象代码形式、可执行文件或某些中间形式等。上述计算机可读介质可以包括：能够携带上述计算机程序代码的任何实体或装置、记录介质、U盘、移动硬盘、磁碟、光盘、计算机存储器、只读存储器（Read-Only Memory，ROM）、随机存取存储器（Random Access Memory，RAM）、电载波信号、电信信号以及软件分发介质等。需要说明的是，上述计算机可读介质包含的内容可以根据司法管辖区内立法和专利实践的要求进行适当的增减，例如在某些司法管辖区，根据立法和专利实践，计算机可读介质不包括是电载波信号和电信信号。
以上上述实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种装配式建筑的成本预警方法，其特征在于，包括：
    获取构件的材料在不同购买时期的价格信息，并对所述价格信息进行统计，得到每种构件的材料对应的价格变化趋势；
    获取构件的材料的当前价格、所述材料的投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划，根据所述价格变化趋势、材料的当前价格、材料的投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成所述材料的采购计划；
    根据所述采购计划、所述投标价格和所述已购买的材料的成本盈亏计算所述建筑项目的实时成本盈亏。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的成本预警方法，其特征在于，包括：所述获取构件的材料在不同购买时期的价格信息包括：
    获取装配式建筑建造平台预先存储的构件的材料的历史购买时间以及与所述历史购买时间对应的历史价格信息。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的成本预警方法，其特征在于，所述获取装配式建筑建造平台预先存储的构件的材料的历史购买时间以及与所述历史购买时间对应的历史价格信息之前，包括：
    将装配式建筑建造平台中包含的每个建筑项目中构件的材料的历史购买时间以及与所述历史购买时间对应的历史价格信息预先存储至与所述构件关联的数据库中；
    相应的，所述获取装配式建筑建造平台预先存储的构件的材料的历史购买时间以及与所述历史购买时间对应的历史价格信息包括：
    从所述数据库中获取所述装配式建筑建造平台预先存储的构件的材料的历史购买时间以及与所述历史购买时间对应的历史价格信息。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的成本预警方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述价格变化趋势、材料的当前价格、材料的投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成所述材料的采购计划，包括：
    根据所述价格变化趋势获取材料的预期价格；
    判断所述材料当前的价格是否大于所述预期价格，并判断所述材料当前的价格是否大于所述投标价格；
    若所述材料当前的价格大于所述预期价格，并且所述材料当前的价格大于所述投标价格，则根据剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成第一采购计划，所述第一采购计划用于满足当前工期的最小材料需求；
    若所述材料当前的价格大于所述预期价格，并且所述材料当前的价格小于所述投标价格，则根据已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成第二采购计划，所述第二采购计划用于在已购买的材料的成本出现亏空时，补足亏空，并满足当前工期的最小材料需求；
    若所述材料当前的价格小于所述预期价格，并且所述材料当前的价格大于所述投标价格，则根据剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成第三采购计划，所述第三采购计划用于囤积第一数量的材料；
    若所述材料当前的价格小于所述预期价格，并且所述材料当前的价格小于所述投标价格，则根据剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成第四采购计划，所述第四采购计划用于囤积第二数量的材料，其中，第二数量大于第一数量。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的成本预警方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述价格变化趋势获取材料的预期价格，包括：
    根据所述价格变化趋势获取所述材料未来预设时间段内的价格区间，取所述价格区间的平均价格作为所述材料的预期价格。
  6. 如权利要求4或5所述的成本预警方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述价格变化趋势、材料当前的价格、投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成所述材料的采购计划包括：根据所述价格变化趋势、材料当前的价格、投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成一批或多批材料的采购计划，并且每批材料的采购计划包括材料的采购时间和采购数量。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的成本预警方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述采购计划、所述投标价格和所述已购买的材料的成本盈亏计算所述建筑项目的实时成本盈亏包括：
    根据所述采购计划和所述投标价格生成当前采购的预估盈亏；
    将所述预估盈亏与所述已购买的材料的成本盈亏求和得到所述建筑项目实时成本盈亏。
  8. 一种装配式建筑的成本预警装置，其特征在于，包括：
    获取单元，用于获取构件的材料在不同购买时期的价格信息，对所述价格信息进行统计，得到每种构件的材料对应的价格变化趋势；
    生成单元，用于获取所述材料的当前价格、所述材料的投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划，根据所述价格变化趋势、材料的当前价格、材料的投标价格、建筑项目已购买的材料的成本盈亏、剩余的材料数量和预先制定的构件生产计划生成所述材料的采购计划；
    计算单元，用于根据所述采购计划、所述投标价格和所述已购买的材料的成本盈亏计算所述建筑项目的实时成本盈亏。
  9. 一种终端设备，包括存储器、处理器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序，其特征在于，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现如权利要求1至7任一项所述方法的步骤。
  10. 一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如权利要求1至7任一项所述方法的步骤。
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