WO2020052819A1 - Dispositif de coupe - Google Patents

Dispositif de coupe Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020052819A1
WO2020052819A1 PCT/EP2019/063405 EP2019063405W WO2020052819A1 WO 2020052819 A1 WO2020052819 A1 WO 2020052819A1 EP 2019063405 W EP2019063405 W EP 2019063405W WO 2020052819 A1 WO2020052819 A1 WO 2020052819A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rocker
cutting
separating device
joint
cutting edge
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2019/063405
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jan Henrik Weychardt
Original Assignee
Fachhochschule Kiel
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fachhochschule Kiel filed Critical Fachhochschule Kiel
Priority to EP19731154.1A priority Critical patent/EP3849763A1/fr
Publication of WO2020052819A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020052819A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B27/00—Other grinding machines or devices
    • B24B27/06—Grinders for cutting-off
    • B24B27/065—Grinders for cutting-off the saw being mounted on a pivoting arm
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D47/00—Sawing machines or sawing devices working with circular saw blades, characterised only by constructional features of particular parts
    • B23D47/08—Sawing machines or sawing devices working with circular saw blades, characterised only by constructional features of particular parts of devices for bringing the circular saw blade to the workpiece or removing same therefrom
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27G—ACCESSORY MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; TOOLS FOR WORKING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS; SAFETY DEVICES FOR WOOD WORKING MACHINES OR TOOLS
    • B27G19/00—Safety guards or devices specially adapted for wood saws; Auxiliary devices facilitating proper operation of wood saws
    • B27G19/10—Measures preventing splintering of sawn portions of wood

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a separating device according to the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Separation devices are known in different embodiments, for example as a circular saw or cut-off machine, and are used to cut wood, metal, plastic, building materials or natural stone or individual workpieces.
  • These cutting devices have a drive motor which generates the rotational movement of a disk-shaped cutting tool, such as a circular saw blade, a cutting disk or the like.
  • the area of the cutting tool which is out of engagement with the workpiece to be machined during operation, can be at least partially covered or surrounded by a protective hood.
  • a blower driven by the drive motor and a device for dust removal from the interior of the protective hood are provided, which are introduced into the protective hood and with the pressure side of the blower in
  • the blower can also serve to cool the drive motor at the same time.
  • the chip flow is deflected, if necessary, or braked by baffle plates and directed towards the outlet opening.
  • the chip flight is supported by a blower or suction and is conveyed outside the protective hood. The aim is that as many chips as possible reach the air jet and the outlet opening due to their tangential throwing away. For this, the highest possible tangential speed of the cutting edge of the cutting tool is necessary.
  • the rollers are coupled to the protective hood in such a way that they can be moved tangentially. This results in mechanical sheet guidance.
  • the protective hood catches the chips with maximum kinetic energy and directs the chips efficiently into the extraction system so that it can be operated with reduced energy consumption.
  • a disadvantage of this system is that the suspension of the rollers has proven to be so elastic that the rollers deflected laterally and were removed from the saw blade to such an extent that a gap between the roller and the saw blade became too large to avoid tearing out.
  • Pinch rollers can be found in DE 20 2013 101 927 U1, whereby they serve to guide workpieces under high forces, but not to show a counter pressure to the cutting pressure. The tear on the cut edges of wooden panels or corresponding deformations of
  • Plastic plates can be prevented by using a scoring saw directly at the cutting edge exit.
  • pressure rollers at the cutting edge entry and exit are listed in EP 0 036 964 B1 in order to achieve the shortest possible force flow and thus minimal deformation of the workpiece.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a separating device in accordance with the type specified in the preamble of claim 1 in such a way that a clean sectional view on the cutting edge exit side is ensured while avoiding the disadvantages mentioned.
  • the subclaims form advantageous developments of the invention.
  • the invention is based on the finding that a sufficiently rigid kinematic
  • the invention thus relates to a separating device with a housing.
  • a driven disk-shaped cutting tool for cutting a workpiece is mounted in the housing.
  • separating means each with an associated cutting edge, are arranged on a peripheral side of the cutting tool and, when cutting, depending on a feed speed of the cutting tool relative to the workpiece, penetrate into the material of the workpiece to be cut on a cutting edge entry side of the workpiece and exit on a cutting edge exit side of the workpiece that is remote from it and remove material from the workpiece.
  • At least one pressure medium is provided, which exerts a pressure p H on the cutting edge exit side to the side of the cutting tool in the area of the cutting edge on the surface of the cutting edge exit side via the cutting edge exit surface and is pivotably mounted relative to the housing.
  • the rocker is connected to the housing via a first joint with a first joint axis.
  • the rocker is pivotally mounted about the first hinge axis.
  • the first hinge axis is arranged parallel to the axis of rotation of the cutting tool. The rocker simply results in less elastic deformation of the pressure medium suspension. In addition, the arcuate movability of the pressure medium is retained, which is necessary to compensate for different workpiece thicknesses and thus different engagement depths of the cutting tool.
  • the pressure medium is preferably designed in the form of at least one roller, the roller having a predetermined radius and the hinge axis being offset from the axis of rotation of the cutting tool at least around the radius of the rollers in the direction of the cutting edge exit side. This reduces the frictional forces during the feed movement and facilitates the separating movement with the separating device.
  • the first hinge axis is arranged vertically offset upwards relative to the axis of rotation to a support plane of the separating device.
  • the swing arm is constructed in several parts and forms a swing parallelogram.
  • the parallelogram is a convex square with opposite parallel sides like special trapezoids and also two-dimensional
  • the rocker parallelogram preferably comprises a first and second partial rocker and a coupling.
  • the first partial rocker is connected to the housing via the first housing joint and the second partial rocker is connected to the housing via a second housing joint.
  • the coupling is articulated on the side of the first and second partial rockers that is remote from the associated housing joint, via a first and second partial rocker link with the first and second partial rockers and at its one free end with the pressure medium.
  • the joint axes of the first and second housing joints and of the first and second partial rocker joints are aligned parallel to the axis of rotation of the separating tool.
  • the joint axis of the first housing joint, the second housing joint and the axis of rotation of the cutting tool are arranged on a first straight line running perpendicular to these axes.
  • the first straight line runs perpendicular to the support plane of the separating device.
  • the joint axes of the first partial rocker joint, the second partial rocker joint and the axis of rotation of the roller are arranged on a second straight line running perpendicular to these axes.
  • the second straight line runs perpendicular to the support plane of the separating device.
  • the second straight line preferably runs parallel to the first straight line.
  • the rocker forms a force introduction element which exerts the force required to generate the pressure required on the area of the cutting edge exit transfers the cutting edge exit surface to the cutting edge exit surface via the pressure medium.
  • the necessary pressure is high enough to prevent the chips from being torn out.
  • the necessary pressure can be generated in different ways.
  • the swing arm controls the pressure via the pressure medium via a defined dead weight.
  • a spring can rest on the rocker arm, which acts on the cutting edge exit surface via the rocker arm and the pressure medium and regulates the pressure in a determinable manner.
  • Cutting edge exit surface acts and regulates the pressure in a determinable manner.
  • the pressure p H generated on the cutting edge exit area by the pressure medium is spatially distributed such that it compensates for the cutting edge pressure p s generated in the material in the area of the cutting edge exit area, so that the following applies in this area: p H ⁇ Ps-
  • resistance forces in the pressure medium such as in the roller or the rollers, which arise due to the advancement of the workpiece relative to the cutting tool, are transmitted to the housing by pressure forces in the rockers, which in turn press the pressure medium against the workpiece and to create a pressure. This can result in a predictable servo effect.
  • the rocker and the orbit made possible by the rocker of the support area of the pressure medium can be formed by a four-bar construction with partial rockers and coupling, or by a cam-controlled gear or by a two-axis linear drive.
  • a circular saw preferably forms the separating device, as has just been described, with a saw blade as a separating tool and saw teeth arranged on the circumference of the saw blade, each with a cutting edge as separating means.
  • Fig. 1 a is a schematic side view of a saw blade when engaged in a workpiece
  • FIG. 1 b is an enlarged detail view of Figure 1 a
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic side view on the area of a roller next to the saw blade
  • FIG. 3 shows a detailed view of a saw tooth of a saw blade in a workpiece with rollers
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 9 is a sectional view A-A of Fig. 8.
  • 10a shows a side view of a sixth embodiment with a first depth of cut
  • 10b is a side view of a sixth embodiment with a second depth of cut
  • 10c shows a side view of a sixth embodiment with a third depth of cut.
  • FIG. 1 a, 1 b, 2 and 3 schematically illustrate in detail the problem of an unclean sectional image that occurs during cutting, in particular when sawing.
  • a saw blade 10 separates one that is not shown in detail here
  • Circular saw 8 for example, a plate 12 as a workpiece to be cut by rotating at speed n and moving at relative speed D v.
  • the saw blade 10 must be on the side of the
  • Cutting edge exit side of the plate 12 in the area 18 of the cutting edge exit rollers 24 are provided which generate a compressive stress in the area 18 of the cutting edge exit.
  • the rollers 24 are spatially the same on both sides of the saw blade 10, but are only arranged on sides of the saw blade 10 that are at a distance from one another.
  • rollers 24 are preferably provided.
  • the roller 24 is detachably connected to a housing 28, not shown here, via a rocker 26.
  • the attachment point 30 on the housing 28 of the rocker 24 lies with the radius R of the rollers 24 above an axis of rotation 32 of the saw blade 10.
  • the base line FL of both rollers 24 at any cutting height always follows the cutting edge exit line SL exactly and the pressures p s and p H ideally fall together.
  • the base line FL of the roller 24 and the cutting edge exit line SL of the cutting edge 14a of the sawtooth 14 are preferably congruent.
  • the articulation point 30 is, among other things, offset upwards by the radius R of the roller 24 with respect to the axis of rotation 32 of the saw blade 10.
  • a rocker 26 is provided, which is rotatable about a common axis of rotation in the attachment point.
  • the rocker 26 is always directed perpendicular to the tangential speed vt of the saw blade 10 or the saw tooth 14. If a protective hood (not shown here) is installed, it captures the chips with maximum kinetic energy and directs them efficiently into the extraction system. As a result, the suction can be operated with reduced energy consumption.
  • the rocker 26 is designed as a parallelogram guide, see FIG. 5.
  • the parallelogram is a convex square with
  • the rocker 26 is constructed in several parts and forms a rocker parallelogram.
  • the rocker arm 26 comprises a first partial rocker arm 34, a second partial rocker arm 36 and a coupling 38.
  • the first partial rocker arm 34 is connected to the housing 28 via a first housing joint 30a and the second partial rocker arm 36 is connected via a second housing joint 30b.
  • the coupling 38 is on the side of the first side which is remote from the associated housing joint 30a, 30b Partial rocker 34 and second partial rocker 36 each articulated via a first and second
  • Partial rocker joint 40a, 40b connected to the first partial rocker 34 and second partial rocker 36 and at its one free end to the roller 24.
  • the articulation axes of the first and second housing articulations 30a, 30b and of the first and second partial rocker articulations 40a, 40b are aligned parallel to the axis of rotation of the saw blade 10.
  • the hinge axis of the first housing joint 30a, the second housing joint 30b and the axis of rotation of the saw blade 10 are arranged on a first straight line 42 running perpendicular to these axes.
  • the first straight line 42 runs perpendicular to a support plane 44 of the circular saw 8.
  • the joint axes of the first partial rocker joint 40a, the second partial rocker joint 40b and the axis of rotation of the roller 24 are arranged on a second straight line 46 running perpendicular to these axes.
  • the second straight line 46 runs perpendicular to the support plane 44 of the circular saw 8.
  • the circular saw 8 is to be designed structurally with regard to its overall rigidity with regard to permissible gaps SP and offsets of the base line FL and cutting edge exit line SL such that, depending on the material to be processed, the tensile stress s Z: zui permissible on its surface is not exceeded.
  • the pressure p H generated by the rollers 24 on the upper side 16 of the workpiece is introduced by a force which acts on the rollers 24 via the rocker arm 26.
  • the rocker 26 forms a force introduction element, which has the required force to generate the necessary pressure, that is to say the pressure p H on the area 18 of the cutting edge exit via the roller 24 on the
  • the force can be generated by the weight of the rocker 26, which is large enough to generate the necessary pressure.
  • the force can also be generated by a spring (not shown here) on the rocker arm 26, which acts on the cutting edge exit surface via the rocker arm 26 and the roller 24 and generates the necessary pressure.
  • a motor drive is also conceivable which engages the rocker 26 and generates a corresponding force which acts on the cutting edge exit surface via the rocker and the roller and generates the necessary pressure.
  • the pressure p H of the roller 24 generated on the cutting edge exit surface is spatially distributed in such a way that it compensates for the cutting edge pressure p s generated in the material by the cutting edges 14 a in the area of the cutting edge exit surface, so that the following applies in this area: p H ⁇ Ps .
  • means for adjusting the pressure of the rollers can also be provided.
  • the roller 24 is detachably connected to the housing 28 via the rocker 26.
  • this embodiment corresponds to the first embodiment.
  • the roller 24 is not mounted directly on the rocker 26, but via a saw shoe 48, so that the pivot axis 50 of the saw shoe 48 and the associated joint 52 between the free end of the rocker 26 and the saw shoe 48 with that on the
  • the roller 24 is rotatably mounted in the saw shoe 48.
  • the saw shoe 48 is connected to the rocker 26 in the area of the foot of the roller 24 via the joint 52.
  • the roller 24 is guided perpendicularly to a support surface of the saw shoe 48 and is tensioned against a stop 54 by means of a spring 56.
  • the roller 24 protrudes slightly from the bottom of the saw shoe 48 and is raised by the workpiece 12 so that it can roll freely and compensate for the cutting pressure.
  • the pivot point of the saw shoe 48 is usually further forward than the circular saw 8.
  • coupling can be achieved by means of a much more complex kinematics in such a way that the base line FL of the roller 24 and the cutting edge exit line SL are aligned. Pressing the roller 24 onto the workpiece 12 can e.g. are applied and metered by forces from their own weight and / or pneumatic cylinders.
  • FIG. 7 An alternative parallelogram guide to the second embodiment is shown in FIG. 7.
  • a saw shoe 58 is provided, which is guided over the workpiece with the sawing.
  • Saw shoe 58 is coupled to saw 8 with a geometrically identical, but mechanically independent four-link chain kinematics 60.
  • the advantage of this coupling is that the roller 24 comes to rest on the saw shoe 58 on cams 62 arranged at the front and behind the roller 24 and thus lies in a defined manner when the circular saw 8 is lifted off. 8 and 9, in which a conical roller 64 on one side of the saw blade 10 also enables miter cuts.
  • Both rollers 64 and 66 are guided on adjustment axes 70 by means of bearings 72.
  • the adjustment to compensate for abrasion by the saw blade 10 is done by a thread in a roller holder 74.
  • the adjusting axis 70 is secured against rotation by means of a clamping screw 76 in the roller holder 74.
  • FIGS. 10a, 10b and 10c show the dipping of the saw blade 10 into the workpiece 12 using three different depths.
  • a total of three hoods 78 can be moved relative to one another in such a way that both the chips are caught and transported away, and the saw blade 10 always is encapsulated.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Sawing (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de coupe comprenant un boîtier (28). Un outil de coupe (10) en forme de disque entraîné, monté dans le boîtier (28), est ici destiné à couper une pièce ouvrée (12). Des moyens de coupe (14) respectivement munis d'une lame (14a) associée sont disposés sur un côté périphérique de l'outil de coupe (10) qui, lors de la coupe, pénètrent dans la matière à couper de la pièce ouvrée (12) sur un côté d'entrée de lame de la pièce ouvrée (12) en fonction d'une vitesse d'avance de l'outil de coupe (10) par rapport à la pièce ouvrée (12), sortent sur un côté de sortie de lame de la pièce ouvrée (12) éloigné dudit côté d'entrée de lame et enlèvent ainsi de la matière de la pièce ouvrée (12) par enlèvement de copeaux. Au moins un moyen de pressage est ici présent, lequel exerce une pression (pH) sur le côté de sortie de lame latéralement à l'outil de coupe (10) dans la zone (18) de la lame (14a) sur la surface du côté de sortie de lame par le biais d'une surface de sortie de lame, et lequel est monté de manière pivotante par rapport au boîtier (28). Selon l'invention, le moyen de pressage (24) est monté dans au moins une bielle oscillante (26) au niveau d'une extrémité de celle-ci. La bielle oscillante (26) est reliée au boîtier (28) par le biais d'une première articulation (30), la bielle oscillante (26) étant montée pivotante autour d'un premier axe de l'articulation (30). Le premier axe d'articulation est disposé parallèlement à l'axe de rotation (32) de l'outil de coupe (10).
PCT/EP2019/063405 2018-09-11 2019-05-23 Dispositif de coupe WO2020052819A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19731154.1A EP3849763A1 (fr) 2018-09-11 2019-05-23 Dispositif de coupe

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202018105196.2U DE202018105196U1 (de) 2018-09-11 2018-09-11 Trennvorrichtung
DE202018105196.2 2018-09-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020052819A1 true WO2020052819A1 (fr) 2020-03-19

Family

ID=64278432

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2019/063405 WO2020052819A1 (fr) 2018-09-11 2019-05-23 Dispositif de coupe

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3849763A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE202018105196U1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020052819A1 (fr)

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2339373A1 (de) * 1973-08-03 1975-02-20 Josef Schaefer Vorrichtung zur spanabhebenden bearbeitung von werkstuecken, mit einem dem werkstueck an der seite des werkzeugaustritts anliegenden gegenhalter
EP0036964A2 (fr) 1980-03-27 1981-10-07 Interholz Technik GmbH Machine de sciage avec plusieurs lames circulaires
DE3525092A1 (de) 1985-07-13 1987-01-22 Festo Kg Insbesondere transportables trenngeraet wie handkreissaege, trennschleifgeraet od.dgl.
DE3933261C2 (fr) 1989-10-05 1992-07-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De
WO1993013920A1 (fr) * 1992-01-14 1993-07-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Protection anti-eclatement pour scies mecaniques a lame de scie
DE102006026043B4 (de) 2006-06-01 2012-10-31 Karl Max Lackner Vorrichtung
DE202013101927U1 (de) 2013-05-03 2013-06-05 Georg Aigner Vorrichtung zum Führen von plattenförmigen Werkstücken
DE102012007344A1 (de) 2012-04-14 2013-10-17 Tobias Geis Erfassungseinrichtung von Staub und Spänen während der Bearbeitung von faserverstärktem Kunststoff, Honeycomb, Holz oder dergleichen

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2339373A1 (de) * 1973-08-03 1975-02-20 Josef Schaefer Vorrichtung zur spanabhebenden bearbeitung von werkstuecken, mit einem dem werkstueck an der seite des werkzeugaustritts anliegenden gegenhalter
EP0036964A2 (fr) 1980-03-27 1981-10-07 Interholz Technik GmbH Machine de sciage avec plusieurs lames circulaires
DE3525092A1 (de) 1985-07-13 1987-01-22 Festo Kg Insbesondere transportables trenngeraet wie handkreissaege, trennschleifgeraet od.dgl.
DE3933261C2 (fr) 1989-10-05 1992-07-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 7000 Stuttgart, De
WO1993013920A1 (fr) * 1992-01-14 1993-07-22 Robert Bosch Gmbh Protection anti-eclatement pour scies mecaniques a lame de scie
DE102006026043B4 (de) 2006-06-01 2012-10-31 Karl Max Lackner Vorrichtung
DE102012007344A1 (de) 2012-04-14 2013-10-17 Tobias Geis Erfassungseinrichtung von Staub und Spänen während der Bearbeitung von faserverstärktem Kunststoff, Honeycomb, Holz oder dergleichen
DE202013101927U1 (de) 2013-05-03 2013-06-05 Georg Aigner Vorrichtung zum Führen von plattenförmigen Werkstücken

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3849763A1 (fr) 2021-07-21
DE202018105196U1 (de) 2018-10-11

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