WO2020024740A1 - 桩底注浆腔及使用方法以及灌注桩体和灌注桩体的施工方法 - Google Patents

桩底注浆腔及使用方法以及灌注桩体和灌注桩体的施工方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020024740A1
WO2020024740A1 PCT/CN2019/093556 CN2019093556W WO2020024740A1 WO 2020024740 A1 WO2020024740 A1 WO 2020024740A1 CN 2019093556 W CN2019093556 W CN 2019093556W WO 2020024740 A1 WO2020024740 A1 WO 2020024740A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
grouting
pile
capsule
cavity
hole
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PCT/CN2019/093556
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高永光
高云飞
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高永光
高云飞
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Publication date
Application filed by 高永光, 高云飞 filed Critical 高永光
Priority to CN201980000960.9A priority Critical patent/CN110896645B/zh
Publication of WO2020024740A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020024740A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/62—Compacting the soil at the footing or in or along a casing by forcing cement or like material through tubes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
    • E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2250/00—Production methods
    • E02D2250/0023—Cast, i.e. in situ or in a mold or other formwork

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of foundations, in particular to a pile bottom grouting cavity and a method of using the same, and a pouring pile body and a construction method of the pouring pile body.
  • open grouting is commonly used in post-grouting.
  • open grouting has the problems of low controllability of the grouting area, the formation of an enlarged head at the end of the pile, the compaction effect on the surrounding stratum, and the small increase in the bearing capacity of the pile end.
  • a grouting device for a cast-in-situ pile with a grouting capsule which includes a grouting pipe, a steel floor, a grouting interface, and a grouting capsule.
  • the grouting interface extends above and below the steel floor.
  • the upper part of the grouting interface is connected with the grouting pipe, and the lower part of the grouting interface is connected with the grouting capsule at the lower part of the steel floor; and the upper part of the grouting pipe is connected with the grouting pump.
  • the above-mentioned grouting capsules are damaged and there are substances such as sand, sediment, etc.
  • the grouting pipe will be blocked, resulting in a quality problem that cannot be completed successfully. .
  • the capsule is damaged or broken before the grouting, it will cause a large amount of soil and sediment to enter the grouting capsule.
  • the pressure outside the grouting tube will be greater than the pressure inside the grouting tube, which will cause soil and mud. Mixtures such as sand enter the grouting pipe, thereby blocking the grouting pipe and making the grouting cavity at the bottom of the pile unusable.
  • the present invention aims to provide a grouting cavity at the bottom of the pile, a method of using the grouting cavity, and a method for constructing a cast-in-place pile and a cast-in-place pile, so as to solve the grouting cavity in the prior art where a mixture of soil, sand, stones, and the like will be poured from the bottom of the pile.
  • the inside enters the grouting pipe, which causes the problem that the grouting pipe is blocked.
  • the present invention provides a pile bottom grouting cavity, including:
  • Grouting capsule which has an expanded state filled with slurry to support the pile body, and a hollow contracted state;
  • a grouting tube is in communication with the inner cavity of the grouting capsule, and a slurry is injected into the grouting capsule, and the slurry is a mortar, a chemical slurry or a cement slurry;
  • a one-way valve is provided at a communication position between the grouting tube and the grouting capsule, so as to block a blockage in the grouting capsule from entering the grouting tube.
  • the grouting tube is provided with a grouting hole for the slurry to enter the grouting capsule, and the one-way valve includes: opposite to the grouting hole on the grouting tube to seal the grouting hole
  • the elastic member has a sealed state which closely fits with the grouting tube to block the blockage from entering the grouting tube through the grouting hole, and is directed away from the wall by the pressure in the grouting tube.
  • the grouting tube moves in a direction so that the slurry enters the opened state of the grouting capsule through the grouting hole.
  • the grouting tube has a grouting portion extending into an inner cavity of the grouting capsule, and the grouting hole is arranged on a surface of the grouting portion.
  • the elastic member has a fixing portion connected to the grouting portion.
  • the grouting pipes are communicated together through the grouting part, and a valve for closing the grouting channel is provided on the grouting pipe.
  • the grouting part has a tubular structure, and two ends of the grouting part are in communication with one of the grouting pipes, respectively.
  • the elastic member is an annular sleeve sleeved on the grouting part of the tubular structure.
  • the pile bottom grouting cavity further includes a fixing plate, the grouting capsule is disposed on the fixing plate, and the grouting capsule and the fixing plate surround a containing cavity for containing a slurry.
  • the grouting capsule is provided with a capsule detection port for filling a medium into the grouting capsule to verify whether the grouting capsule leaks.
  • the capsule detection port is provided on the fixed plate.
  • the medium is air.
  • the method of using the grout cavity at the bottom of the pile includes:
  • a method for using a grout cavity at a pile bottom specifically includes: S1, opening at least two of the grouting pipes connected together through a grouting section; S2, opening at least two offices in an opened state A cleaning liquid is passed into at least one of the grouting tubes, and the cleaning liquid is discharged from another grouting tube that is in an open state and is not filled with the cleaning liquid, and the pressure in the grouting tube is Less than the pressure to open the check valve.
  • the grouting into the grouting capsule specifically includes: passing slurry into the grouting tube in an opened state, a pressure in the grouting part is greater than a biasing force of the elastic member, and the grout passes A gap between the elastic member and the grouting portion overflows into the grouting capsule.
  • a pouring pile includes:
  • a reinforced cage is connected to the grout cavity at the bottom of the pile, and the grouting pipe is fixedly connected to the reinforced cage.
  • Construction method of cast-in-place pile including the following steps:
  • Drilling is performed using a full-hole casing method to form a hole containing the full-hole casing;
  • Construction method of cast-in-place pile including the following steps:
  • a pile bottom grouting cavity provided by the present invention, comprising: a grouting capsule having an expanded state filled with slurry to carry a pile body and a hollow contracted state inside; a grouting tube and the inner part of the grouting capsule The cavity is connected to grout into the grouting capsule; a check valve is provided at the communication position between the grouting tube and the grouting capsule to block the blockage in the grouting capsule Material enters the grouting tube.
  • the above one-way valve can effectively prevent the mixture of sand, sediment, etc. entering the grouting capsule from entering the grouting tube when the pressure outside the grouting tube is greater than the pressure inside the grouting tube when the grouting capsule is broken.
  • the grouting was interrupted due to mechanical failure, which caused the problem of plugging the grouting pipe, and the problem that the grouting cavity at the bottom of the pile could not be used.
  • the above-mentioned check valve can effectively prevent the sediment mixture from entering the grouting tube, and furthermore, if the grouting capsule is damaged before the grouting and the mixture such as sediment enters, the direction of the grouting tube toward the grouting capsule remains.
  • flushing the grouting pipe in time to ensure that the pipeline is unobstructed, and repeated grouting can be achieved to ensure the formation of an enlarged head at the end of the pile and compaction of the surrounding stratum. Effect, improve pile end bearing capacity.
  • the grouting pipe is provided with a grouting hole for the grout to enter the grouting capsule
  • the check valve includes:
  • the slurry holes are oppositely disposed to seal the elastic member of the grouting hole, and the elastic member has a tight fit with the grouting tube to prevent the blockage from entering the sealed state of the grouting tube through the grouting hole, And subject to the pressure in the grouting tube to move away from the grouting part so that the slurry enters the opened state of the grouting capsule through the grouting hole.
  • the elastic member is disposed at a position where the grouting tube communicates with the grouting capsule.
  • the elastic member When the pressure outside the grouting tube is greater than the pressure inside the grouting tube, the elastic member will adhere to the grouting tube under its own biasing force. Combined to block the grouting hole, thereby effectively preventing blockages from entering the grouting pipe through the grouting hole to block the grouting pipe, causing a problem that the grouting cavity of the pile bottom cannot be grouted.
  • the elastic member when the pressure inside the grouting pipe is greater than the pressure outside the grouting pipe, the elastic member will be deformed under the pressure of the liquid in the grouting pipe, so that the elastic member is far away from the grouting hole and the slurry flows from the grouting pipe. Drain into grouting capsules, or enter the formation through broken grouting capsules to strengthen the surrounding stratum.
  • the elastic member that can be deformed can simply and effectively ensure the one-way discharge of the grouting pipe to ensure that the mixture in the grouting cavity at the bottom of the pile cannot enter the grouting pipe, and the grouting at the bottom of the grouting capsule is still possible when the grouting capsule is broken. Work to strengthen the ground around the bottom of the pile.
  • the grouting cavity of the pile bottom provided by the present invention, the grouting tube has a grouting portion extending into the inner cavity of the grouting capsule, and the grouting hole is arranged on the surface of the grouting portion.
  • the above grouting pipe has a grouting section extending into the inner cavity of the grouting capsule.
  • the elastic member has a fixing part connected to the grouting part.
  • the elastic member is fixedly connected to the grouting part, which can effectively prevent the elastic member from deviating from the preset position under the effect of grouting pressure when grouting through the grouting hole toward the inner cavity of the grouting capsule, causing the elastic member to lose its ability to seal the grouting hole .
  • the grouting pipes are at least two, the grouting pipes are communicated together through the grouting part, and the grouting pipe is provided with a hole for closing the grouting channel. Valve.
  • multiple grouting pipes can be opened and the slurry can be introduced into the grouting section at the same time, thereby ensuring that the internal pressure value of the grouting section can effectively open the elastic member and ensure that the grouting section has sufficient pressure.
  • the grouting efficiency of the grouting pipe or open several of the grouting pipes and close the other grouting pipes and inject the slurry into the opened grouting pipe to ensure that the grouting section has sufficient pressure and Grouting efficiency.
  • the grouting cavity of the pile bottom provided by the present invention is a tubular structure, and two ends of the grouting part are respectively communicated with one of the grouting pipes. Both ends of the grouting part of the tubular structure are in communication with one of the grouting pipes.
  • the cleaning liquid is water or other liquid. The above-mentioned cleaning liquid flows in through one of the grouting pipes and then through the other.
  • the outflow can effectively realize the cleaning work of the grouting tube; when the slurry is injected into the grouting capsule, one of the two grouting tubes is opened and the other is closed, or the two grouting tubes are simultaneously It is opened to ensure that the grouting part has sufficient pressure to grout inside the grouting capsule, and the two ends of the grouting part are respectively connected with one of the grouting pipes, which has the advantages of simple and convenient production and processing and convenient cooperative operation.
  • the elastic member is an annular sleeve sleeved on the grouting part of the tubular structure.
  • the elastic part of the annular sleeve structure can effectively wrap the grouting part of the tubular structure, so as to ensure that the elastic part can effectively seal the grouting hole when the pressure inside the tube of the grouting part is smaller than the outside of the tube, and prevent the bottom of the hole from various angles The mixture of sediment and sediment enters the grouting pipe.
  • the pile bottom grouting cavity provided by the present invention further comprises a fixing plate, the grouting capsule is disposed on the fixing plate, and the grouting capsule and the fixing plate are enclosed to receive a slurry. Cavity.
  • the above fixing plate can be effectively connected with the reinforcing cage, so as to realize the installation and use of the grout cavity at the bottom of the pile.
  • the grouting capsule is provided with a capsule detection port for filling a medium into the grouting capsule to verify whether the grouting capsule has leaked. Filling the grouting capsule with air, water, or other media through the capsule detection port can effectively verify whether the grouting capsule is damaged or leaked.
  • the pile bottom grouting cavity provided by the present invention in which the capsule detection port is provided on the fixed plate, can facilitate the operation of the construction party and reduce the operation difficulty of the user.
  • the method for using a grout cavity at the bottom of a pile includes: cleaning the grouting pipe specifically including: S1, opening at least two of the grouting pipes connected together through a grouting section; S2, opening in a state At least one of the lower at least two grouting pipes is filled with a cleaning liquid, and the cleaning liquid is discharged from another grouting pipe which is in an open state and is not filled with the cleaning liquid, so The pressure in the grouting pipe is less than the pressure of opening the check valve.
  • the grouting into the grouting capsule specifically includes: passing grout into the grouting tube in an open state, and in the grouting part The pressure is greater than the biasing force of the elastic member, and the slurry overflows through the gap between the elastic member and the grouting part and enters the grouting capsule.
  • the liquid pressure value in the grouting pipe can be effectively increased, so that the pressure in the grouting pipe is sufficient to open the check valve and inject slurry into the grouting capsule to ensure pile bottom injection. Normal use of the slurry cavity.
  • the method for constructing a cast-in-situ pile comprises the following steps: S1, using a full-hole casing method to drill holes to form a hole containing the full-hole casing; S2, the lower end is installed with the pile bottom grouting The reinforced cage of the cavity sinks to the bottom of the hole; S3, pull out the full sleeve, and simultaneously pour concrete into the hole to fix the reinforced cage and the inner cavity wall of the hole; S4, to the The grouting in the grouting capsule is described to form a pile bottom enlarged head.
  • the bottom of the hole has exceeded the standard, and at the same time, the sediment on the fixed plate is easy to accumulate the collapsed sand from the wall of the hole, which affects the quality of the bored pile.
  • the grout cavity at the bottom of the pile will be tightly wrapped with concrete and fail to function.
  • the full casing is used to cooperate with the hole formation of the cast-in-place pile.
  • the full casing has a hard and reliable texture, it can effectively protect the hole wall, so that the hole wall will not collapse and be affected by the mud water flow, and the hole wall is protected by the full casing. It will not be damaged by scraping of the fixing plate, ensuring that the wall of the drilling hole will not collapse.
  • the method for constructing a cast-in-place pile provided by the present invention further includes step S5 provided after step S4, and step S5 includes grouting through a pile-side grouting pipe toward the pile-side stratum. By grouting towards the pile-side stratum, the stratum around the pile body is denser and stronger, and the cast-in-situ pile is tighter with the stratum.
  • the method for constructing a cast-in-place pile includes the following steps: S1. Use artificial wall-forming method to form holes to form holes with artificial wall protection; S2, install a steel cage with a grout cavity at the bottom of the pile Sink to the bottom of the hole; S3, pour concrete into the hole to fix the rebar cage and the cavity wall of the hole together; S4, grout into the grouting capsule to form a pile Bottom widened head.
  • the sediment on the fixed plate is easy to accumulate the collapsed sand from the wall of the hole, which affects the quality of the bored pile. In severe cases, the pile will be broken. If the diameter of the fixed plate is relatively small, or due to other reasons such as hole overfilling, the grout cavity at the bottom of the pile will be tightly wrapped with concrete and cannot function.
  • artificial wall protection is used to cooperate with the hole formation of the cast-in-place pile. Because the artificial wall protection is harder and more reliable than the mud wall protection, it can effectively protect the hole wall, so that the hole wall will not be collapsed and deformed by the mud water flow. The hole wall protected by the retaining wall will not be damaged by scraping of the fixing plate, which ensures that the hole wall of the drilling hole will not collapse.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a pile bottom grouting cavity provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of forming a hole in a full casing provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of sinking a steel cage with a grout cavity at the bottom of a pile to the bottom of a hole provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of pouring concrete into a borehole while lifting a casing provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of injecting a slurry into a grouting capsule provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a cast-in-place pile body with a pile-side grouting pipe provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a ring-shaped grouting part inside a grout cavity of a pile bottom provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a pile bottom grouting cavity with a capsule detection port provided by the present invention.
  • a pouring pile provided in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, includes:
  • Reinforced cage 7 is connected to the grouting cavity at the bottom of the pile.
  • the grouting tube 2 is fixedly connected to the reinforced cage 7 by means of binding.
  • the reinforced cage 7 is also fixed with a pile-side grouting tube 10, the pile The grouting hole of the side grouting pipe 10 is set close to the grouting capsule 1 and grouts toward the pile-side stratum;
  • the pile bottom grouting cavity in the present application includes:
  • the grouting capsule 1 is made of rubber, and has an expanded state filled with a slurry to support the pile body and a hollow contracted state.
  • the grouting tube 2 is in communication with the inner cavity of the grouting capsule 1 and grouts into the grouting capsule 1.
  • the grouting tube 2 has grouting extending into the inner cavity of the grouting capsule 1.
  • the grouting part 5 is provided with grouting holes 3 for the slurry to enter the grouting capsule 1, and there are a plurality of grouting holes 3 arranged on the surface of the grouting part 5;
  • the grouting section 5 is an opening at both ends and two grouting pipes, respectively. 2 communicating pipelines, the grouting pipe 2 is provided with a valve for closing the grouting channel;
  • a one-way valve which is disposed at a communication position between the grouting tube 2 and the grouting capsule 1 to block a blockage in the grouting capsule 1 from entering the grouting tube 2.
  • the one-way valve includes: an elastic member 4 of an annular sleeve structure sleeved on the grouting portion 5 of the tubular structure, and the elastic member 4 of the annular sleeve structure can effectively wrap the grouting portion 5 of the tubular structure, In order to ensure that the elastic member 4 can effectively seal the grouting hole 3 when the pressure in the grouting part 5 is small, and prevent the mixture of sand, sediment and the like from entering the grouting pipe 2 from various angles.
  • the elastic member 4 is made of rubber and is closely connected to the grouting part 5 by its deformation pressure, which can effectively prevent the elastic member 4 from grouting through the grouting hole 3 toward the inner cavity of the grouting capsule 1.
  • the pressure deviates from the preset position, causing the elastic member 4 to lose its ability to seal the grouting hole 3.
  • the elastic member 4 is disposed opposite to the grouting hole 3 on the grouting portion 5 to seal the elastic member 4 of the grouting hole 3, and the elastic member 4 has a close fit with the grouting tube 2 to block
  • the blockage enters the sealed state of the grouting tube 2 through the grouting hole 3, and moves in a direction away from the grouting portion 5 under the pressure of the grouting tube 2 to make the slurry pass through the grouting hole 5 3 Enter the opened state of the grouting capsule 1;
  • the above one-way valve can effectively prevent the pressure from outside the grouting tube 2 from being greater than the pressure inside the grouting tube 2 when the grouting capsule 1 ruptures, etc.
  • the above-mentioned check valve can effectively prevent the mixture from entering the grouting pipe, and when the grouting capsule 1 ruptures, the grouting is continued through the grouting pipe 2 toward the pile side, and the compaction effect on the surrounding stratum is strengthened to strengthen the pile side.
  • the elastic member 4 of the sleeve-shaped structure is sleeved at the position of the grouting hole 3 of the tubular grouting part 5.
  • the elastic member 4 When the pressure outside the grouting tube 2 is greater than the pressure inside the grouting tube 2, the elastic member 4 will shrink on itself. The pressure and external pressure are combined with the grouting part 5 to block the grouting hole 3, thereby effectively preventing blockages from entering the grouting tube 2 through the grouting hole 3 to block the grouting tube 2, which makes it impossible to Problems of grouting in grout cavity of pile bottom.
  • the elastic member 4 when the pressure inside the grouting pipe 2 is greater than the pressure outside the grouting pipe 2, the elastic member 4 will be deformed under the pressure of the liquid in the grouting pipe 2, so that the elastic member 4 is far from the grouting hole.
  • the slurry is discharged from the grouting pipe 2 into the grouting capsule 1, or the broken grouting capsule 1 enters the stratum to strengthen the stratum around the pile bottom.
  • the elastic member 4 that can be deformed can simply and effectively ensure the one-way discharge of the grouting tube 2 to ensure that the mixture in the grouting cavity at the bottom of the pile cannot enter the grouting tube 2 and the bottom of the pile when the grouting capsule 1 ruptures Grouting can still play a role in strengthening the surrounding stratum of the pile bottom and increasing the bearing capacity of the pile end;
  • a fixing plate 6, the grouting capsule 1 is provided on the fixing plate 6 of a steel material, and the grouting capsule 1 and the fixing plate 6 surround a containing cavity for containing a slurry, and the fixing plate 6 It can be effectively connected with the steel cage to realize the installation and use of the grout cavity at the bottom of the pile.
  • the grouting capsule 1 is provided with a capsule detection port 11 for filling air into the grouting capsule 1 to verify whether the grouting capsule 1 leaks.
  • the capsule detection port 11 is provided on the fixing plate 6. Filling the grouting capsule 1 with air, water, or other media through the capsule detection port 11 can effectively verify whether the grouting capsule 1 is damaged or leaked.
  • the method of using the grout cavity at the bottom of the pile includes:
  • the cleaning grouting pipe 2 specifically includes: S1, opening two grouting pipes 2 connected together through a grouting section 5; S2, opening one of the grouting pipes 2 in an opened state; A cleaning liquid is passed into the grouting tube 2, and the cleaning liquid is discharged from another grouting tube 2 which is in an open state and is not filled with the cleaning liquid.
  • the pressure in the grouting tube 2 is less than that of the one-way valve that is opened. Pressure, by setting the above-mentioned method, it can be ensured that the check valve is not opened, so that the cleaning liquid does not enter the grouting capsule 1, and the cleaning liquid can effectively clean the grouting tube 2;
  • Grouting into the grouting capsule 1 specifically includes: passing slurry into the grouting tube 2 in an opened state, and the pressure in the grouting portion 5 is greater than the elastic member 4's own contraction pressure And the external pressure, the slurry overflows through the gap between the elastic member 4 and the grouting part 5 and enters the grouting capsule 1; when multiple grouting tubes 2 cannot form a liquid circuit, The pressure value of the liquid in the grouting pipe 2 can be effectively increased, so that the pressure in the grouting pipe 2 is sufficient to open the one-way valve and inject slurry into the grouting capsule 1 to ensure the normal use of the grouting cavity at the bottom of the pile.
  • the grouting pipe 2 can be cleaned in the above manner to ensure that the grouting pipe 2 is unblocked, and then repeated intermittent grouting is repeated for a number of times. Construction situation.
  • Construction method of cast-in-place pile including the following steps:
  • Drilling is performed using a full-hole casing method to form a hole 9 containing a full-hole casing 8;
  • the following problems can be effectively prevented: when the cast-in-place pile uses mud to protect the wall to form a hole, as the steel cage goes down to the bottom of the hole, the steel cage with the fixing plate 6 is like a piston in the borehole. It is easy to form a vortex in the mud water, so that the muddy water flow swirling between the edge of the fixed plate 6 and the borehole wall scours and disturbs the borehole hole wall. The fixed plate 6 is easy to scrape the borehole hole wall. These factors easily cause drilling. The hole wall collapsed, which caused the hole bottom sediment to exceed the standard after the hole was cleared in the grouting container.
  • the top of the fixed plate 6 was also easy to accumulate sediment that fell from the hole wall and affected the bored pile. The quality of the pile will cause broken piles. If the diameter of the fixed plate 6 is relatively small, or due to other reasons such as hole collapse and overfilling, the grout cavity at the bottom of the pile will be tightly wrapped with concrete and fail to function.
  • the full casing 8 is used to cooperate with the hole formation of the cast-in-situ pile. Because the texture of the full casing 8 is hard and reliable, it can effectively protect the hole wall, so that the hole wall will not collapse and be affected by the mud water flow, and the full casing 8 protects it.
  • the pile-side grouting pipe 10 is used to grout toward the surrounding stratum of the pile-side.
  • the pile-side stratum By grouting towards the pile-side stratum, the stratum around the pile body is denser and stronger, and the cast-in-place pile is more tightly combined with the stratum while grouting towards the stratum around the side wall of the pile.
  • the stratum around the pile body By pressure grouting the stratum around the side wall of the cast-in-place pile, the stratum around the pile body is denser and stronger, and the cast-in-place pile is more closely integrated with the surrounding stratum, which ultimately greatly improves the ultimate bearing capacity of the pile.
  • the application of the present invention does not specifically limit the structure of the grouting part 5.
  • the grouting part 5 is an annular pipeline provided along the outer contour of the grouting capsule 1.
  • the above-mentioned annular pipeline has a connection end which is in communication with the grouting pipe 2.
  • the above-mentioned annular grouting portion 5 can effectively increase the grouting efficiency.
  • the application of the present invention does not specifically limit the connection manner between the elastic member 4 and the grouting portion 5.
  • the elastic member 4 and the grouting portion 5 may be fixed together by bonding or fasteners, thereby further Effectively preventing the elastic member 4 from deviating from the preset position under the effect of the grouting pressure when grouting through the grouting hole 3 toward the inner cavity of the grouting capsule 1 causes the elastic member 4 to lose its ability to seal the grouting hole 3.
  • the application of the present invention does not specifically limit the structure of the one-way valve.
  • the one-way valve may also be an electronically controlled valve.
  • the electronically controlled valve can remotely control the opening and closing of the grouting hole 3.
  • the application of the present invention does not specifically limit the manner in which the elastic member 4 is fixedly connected to the grouting section 5.
  • the elastic member 4 is integrally formed on the grouting section 5, and the elastic member 4 and the injection section 5 are integrally formed. There is a telescopic gap between the slurry portions 5 through which the slurry passes.
  • the application of the present invention does not specifically limit the number of the grouting pipes 2.
  • three or more grouting pipes 2 are provided, so that multiple grouting pipes 2 can be opened and the slurry can be introduced into the grouting at the same time.
  • the other grouting tube 2 of the tube 2 is closed, and the slurry is injected into the opened grouting tube 2 to ensure that the grouting part 5 has sufficient pressure and the grouting efficiency of the grouting tube 2.
  • the application of the present invention does not specifically limit the structure of the elastic member 4.
  • the elastic member 4 may be an irregular sheet-like structure fixed on the surface of the grouting portion 5 of the tubular structure, and the shape of the elastic member 4. Adapt to the arrangement shape of the grouting hole 3.
  • the application of the present invention does not specifically limit the setting position of the capsule detection port 11.
  • the capsule detection port 11 is provided on the surface of the grouting capsule 1.
  • Embodiment 1 The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the method for constructing a cast-in-place pile includes the following steps:
  • the top of the fixed plate 6 was also easy to accumulate sediment that had collapsed from the wall of the hole and affected the drilling.
  • the quality of the cast-in-situ pile can cause broken piles. If the diameter of the fixed plate 6 is relatively small, or due to other reasons such as hole overfilling, the grout cavity at the bottom of the pile will be tightly wrapped with concrete and fail to function.
  • artificial wall protection is used to cooperate with the hole formation of the cast-in-place pile. Because the artificial wall protection is harder and more reliable than the mud wall protection, it can effectively protect the hole wall, so that the hole wall will not be collapsed and deformed by the mud water flow.
  • the hole wall protected by the protective wall will not be scratched and damaged by the fixing plate 6 to ensure that the hole wall of the drilling hole will not collapse.
  • grouting is performed toward the surrounding stratum by the pile-side grouting pipe 10. By grouting towards the pile-side stratum, the stratum around the pile body is denser and stronger, and the cast-in-situ pile is tighter with the stratum.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种桩底注浆腔及使用方法以及灌注桩体和灌注桩体的施工方法，桩底注浆腔，包括：注浆胶囊，具有内部填充有浆液以承载桩体的膨胀状态，以及内部中空的收缩状态；注浆管，与所述注浆胶囊的内腔相连通，向所述注浆胶囊内注浆；单向阀，所述单向阀设置在所述注浆管与所述注浆胶囊的连通位置，以阻挡所述注浆胶囊内的堵塞物进入所述注浆管。从而避免现有技术中进入注浆胶囊内的泥沙、沉渣等混合物进入注浆管，从而堵塞注浆管的问题。

Description

桩底注浆腔及使用方法以及灌注桩体和灌注桩体的施工方法 技术领域
本发明涉及地基基础技术领域，具体涉及一种桩底注浆腔及使用方法以及灌注桩体和灌注桩体的施工方法。
背景技术
目前在地基基础领域，灌注桩后注浆中普遍采用开敞式注浆。但是，开敞式注浆具有浆液注域可控性低，对桩端扩大头的形成及对周围地层的挤密效果以及桩端承载力提高的幅度较小的问题。
为了解决开敞式注浆的问题。现有技术中，公开了一种带有注浆胶囊的灌注桩注浆装置，包括注浆管、钢底板、注浆接口，以及注浆胶囊，所述注浆接口在钢底板上部及下部伸出，注浆接口的上部与注浆管相连，注浆接口的下部与在钢底板下部的注浆胶囊连接；且，所述注浆管上部与注浆泵连接。但是，上述注浆胶囊如果发生破损有泥沙、沉渣等物质进入注浆管或者注浆过程中因机械故障导致注浆停止浆液凝固，都会堵塞注浆管，造成无法圆满完成注浆的质量问题。特别是在注浆前胶囊发生损坏、破裂时，会导致大量土和泥沙等混合物进入注浆胶囊，此时，注浆管外部的压力会大于注浆管内部的压力，会导致土和泥沙等混合物进入注浆管，从而堵塞注浆管，以至桩底注浆腔无法使用。
发明内容
因此，本发明旨在提供一种桩底注浆腔及使用方法以及灌注桩体和灌注桩体的施工方法，以解决现有技术中土壤、泥沙、石头等混合物会从桩底注浆腔内进入注浆管，从而造成注浆管堵塞的问题。为此，本发明提供一种桩底注浆腔，包括：
注浆胶囊，具有内部填充有浆液以承载桩体的膨胀状态，以及内部中空的收缩状态；
注浆管，与所述注浆胶囊的内腔相连通，向所述注浆胶囊内注入浆液，浆液为砂浆、化学浆或水泥浆；
还包括：
单向阀，所述单向阀设置在所述注浆管与所述注浆胶囊的连通位置，以阻挡所述注浆胶囊内的堵塞物进入所述注浆管。
所述注浆管上设置有供浆液进入所述注浆胶囊内的注浆孔，所述单向阀包括：与所述注浆管上的注浆孔相对设置，以密封所述注浆孔的弹性件，所述弹性件具有与所述注浆管紧密贴合以阻挡所述堵塞物通过所述注浆孔进入注浆管的密封状态，以及受到所述注浆管内压力作用朝向远离所述注浆管方向移动以使浆液通过所述注浆孔进入所述注浆胶囊的打开状态。
所述注浆管具有延伸至所述注浆胶囊内腔中的注浆部，所述注浆孔布置在所述注浆部表面。
所述弹性件具有与所述注浆部相连的固定部。
所述注浆管为至少两根，所述注浆管通过所述注浆部连通在一起，所述注浆管上设置有用于关闭注浆通道的阀门。
所述注浆部为管状结构，所述注浆部的两端分别与一根所述注浆管相连通。
所述弹性件为套置在管状结构的所述注浆部上的环形套。
所述注浆孔为多个，布置在所述注浆部表面。
桩底注浆腔，还包括固定板，所述注浆胶囊设置在所述固定板上，所述注浆胶囊和所述固定板围成用于容置浆液的容置腔。
所述注浆胶囊上设置有用于向其内部充入介质，以验证所述注浆胶囊是否发生泄漏的胶囊检测口。
所述胶囊检测口设置在所述固定板上。
所述介质为空气。
桩底注浆腔的使用方法，包括：
清洗注浆管；
向所述注浆胶囊内注浆。
桩底注浆腔的使用方法，所述清洗注浆管具体包括：S1，打开通过注浆部连接在一起的至少两根所述注浆管；S2，向处于打开状态下的至少两根所述注浆管中的至少一根所述注浆管内通入清洗液，所述清洗液从处于打开状态且未注入所述清洗液的另外所述注浆管排出，所述注浆管内的压力小于打开单向阀的压力。
所述向所述注浆胶囊内注浆具体包括：向处于打开状态下的所述注浆管中通入浆液，所述注浆部内的压力大于所述弹性件的偏压力，所述浆液通过所述弹性件和所述注浆部之间的间隙溢出，进入所述注浆胶囊内。
一种灌注桩体，包括：
桩底注浆腔；
钢筋笼，与所述桩底注浆腔相连，所述注浆管与所述钢筋笼固定相连。
灌注桩体的施工方法，包括以下步骤：
S1，采用全套管成孔法钻孔，以形成容置有全套管的孔；
S2，将下端安装有所述桩底注浆腔的钢筋笼下沉至所述孔的底部；
S3，拔出全套管，同时向所述孔内灌注混凝土，使所述钢筋笼与所述孔的内腔壁固定在一起；
S4，向所述注浆胶囊内注浆，形成桩底扩大头。
灌注桩体的施工方法，包括以下步骤：
S1，采用人工护壁成孔法成孔，以形成具有人工护壁的孔；
S2，将下端安装有所述桩底注浆腔的钢筋笼下沉至所述孔的底部；
S3，向所述孔内灌注混凝土，使所述钢筋笼与所述孔的内腔壁固定在一起；
S4，向所述注浆胶囊内注浆，形成桩底扩大头。
本发明的技术方案，具有如下优点：
1.本发明提供的桩底注浆腔，包括：注浆胶囊，具有内部填充有浆液以承载桩体的膨胀状态，以及内部中空的收缩状态；注浆管，与所述注浆胶囊的内腔相连通，向所述注浆胶囊内注浆；单向阀，所述单向阀设置在所述注浆管与所述注浆胶囊的连通位置，以阻挡所述注浆胶囊内的堵塞物进入所述注浆管。通过上述单向阀可以有效地防止当注浆胶囊发生破裂等 情况下，注浆管外部的压力大于注浆管内部的压力时，进入注浆胶囊内的泥沙、沉渣等混合物进入注浆管，或因机械故障造成注浆中断，从而造成注浆管堵塞的问题，以至桩底注浆腔无法使用的问题。而且，通过上述单向阀可以有效地避免沉渣混合物进入注浆管，进而在注浆胶囊在注浆前就发生破损并有沉渣等混合物进入的情况下，通过注浆管朝向注浆胶囊方向仍可持续注浆，或因机械故障造成注浆中断的情况下，通过及时冲洗注浆管保证管路畅通，可以实现重复多次注浆，保证桩端扩大头的形成以及对周围地层的挤密效果、提高桩端承载力。
2.本发明提供的桩底注浆腔，所述注浆管上设置有供浆液进入所述注浆胶囊内的注浆孔，所述单向阀包括：与所述注浆管上的注浆孔相对设置，以密封所述注浆孔的弹性件，所述弹性件具有与所述注浆管紧密贴合以阻挡所述堵塞物通过所述注浆孔进入注浆管的密封状态，以及受到所述注浆管内压力作用朝向远离所述注浆部方向移动以使浆液通过所述注浆孔进入所述注浆胶囊的打开状态。上述弹性件设置在注浆管其与注浆胶囊相连通的位置，当注浆管外部的压力大于注浆管内部的压力时，弹性件会在其自身偏压力作用下与注浆管相贴合以封堵注浆孔，从而有效地避免堵塞物通过注浆孔进入注浆管以堵塞注浆管，造成无法对桩底注浆腔注浆的问题。另一方面，当注浆管内部的压力大于注浆管外部的压力时，注浆管内的液体的压力作用下会使弹性件发生形变，以使弹性件远离注浆孔使浆液从注浆管排出进入注浆胶囊，或通过破损的注浆胶囊进入地层以加固桩底周围地层。通过上述可以发生形变的弹性件可以简单有效地保证注浆管单向排浆，以保证桩底注浆腔内的混合物无法进入注浆管，且当注浆胶囊破裂时 桩底注浆仍可发挥作用，加固桩底周围地层。
3.本发明提供的桩底注浆腔，所述注浆管具有延伸至所述注浆胶囊内腔中的注浆部，所述注浆孔布置在所述注浆部表面。上述注浆管具有延伸至注浆胶囊内腔中的注浆部，通过将注浆孔布置在注浆部上，可以快速有效地将浆液注入桩底的注浆胶囊内，保证排浆能力。
4.本发明提供的桩底注浆腔，所述弹性件具有与所述注浆部相连的固定部。弹性件与注浆部固定相连可以有效地防止通过注浆孔朝向注浆胶囊内腔注浆时，弹性件在注浆压力作用下偏离预设位置，导致弹性件失去对注浆孔密封的能力。
5.本发明提供的桩底注浆腔，所述注浆管为至少两根，所述注浆管通过所述注浆部连通在一起，所述注浆管上设置有用于关闭注浆通道的阀门。通过将注浆管设置为多根，可以开启多根注浆管同时将浆液引入注浆部，从而保证注浆部的内部压力值可以有效地打开弹性件，保证注浆部有足够的压力，并保证注浆管的注浆效率；或者开启其中的若干根注浆管另外的注浆管关闭，向开启的注浆管内注入浆液，以保证注浆部有足够的压力，以及注浆管的注浆效率。
6.本发明提供的桩底注浆腔，注浆部为管状结构，所述注浆部的两端分别与一根所述注浆管相连通。管状结构的注浆部其两端开口分别与一根所述注浆管相连通。当清洗注浆管时，同时打开两根注浆管，向其一注浆管内注入清洗液，清洗液为水或者其它液体，上述清洗液通过其一注浆管流入再通过另一注浆管流出，从而可有效地实现注浆管的清洗工作；当向注浆胶囊内注入浆液时，将两根注浆管二者其一打开，二者另一关闭，或 者将两根注浆管同时打开，以保证注浆部具有足够的压力朝向注浆胶囊内灌浆，注浆部的两端分别与一根所述注浆管相连通，具有生产加工简单方便，协同操作方便的优点。
7.本发明提供的桩底注浆腔，所述弹性件为套置在管状结构的所述注浆部上的环形套。通过上述环形套结构的弹性件可以有效地包裹管状结构的注浆部，以保证弹性件可以有效的在注浆部管内压力小于管外时，有效地密封注浆孔，从各个角度防止孔底泥沙、沉渣等混合物进入注浆管。
8.本发明提供的桩底注浆腔，还包括固定板，所述注浆胶囊设置在所述固定板上，所述注浆胶囊和所述固定板围成用于容置浆液的容置腔。上述固定板可以有效地和钢筋笼相连，实现桩底注浆腔的安装使用。
9.本发明提供的桩底注浆腔，所述注浆胶囊上设置有用于向其内部充入介质，以验证所述注浆胶囊是否发生泄漏的胶囊检测口。通过上述胶囊检测口向注浆胶囊充入空气、水或者其它介质，可以有效地验证注浆胶囊是否发生破损、泄漏等问题。
10.本发明提供的桩底注浆腔，将所述胶囊检测口设置在所述固定板上，可以方便施工方操作，降低用户操作难度。
11.本发明提供的桩底注浆腔的使用方法，包括：清洗注浆管具体包括：S1，打开通过注浆部连接在一起的至少两根所述注浆管；S2，向处于打开状态下的至少两根所述注浆管中的至少一根所述注浆管内通入清洗液，所述清洗液从处于打开状态且未注入所述清洗液的另外所述注浆管排出，所述注浆管内的压力小于打开单向阀的压力。通过设置上述方式可以保证单向阀不打开，以使清洗液不进入注浆胶囊，清洗液可以有效地对注浆管进 行清理。
12.本发明提供的桩底注浆腔的使用方法，所述向所述注浆胶囊内注浆具体包括：向处于打开状态下的所述注浆管中通入浆液，所述注浆部内的压力大于所述弹性件的偏压力，所述浆液通过所述弹性件和所述注浆部之间的间隙溢出，进入所述注浆胶囊内。当多根注浆管无法形成液体回路时，可以有效地增大注浆管内的液体压力值，从而使注浆管内的压力足以打开单向阀，向注浆胶囊内注入浆液，保证桩底注浆腔的正常使用。
13.本发明提供的灌注桩体的施工方法，包括以下步骤：S1，采用全套管成孔法钻孔，以形成容置有全套管的孔；S2，将下端安装有所述桩底注浆腔的钢筋笼下沉至所述孔的底部；S3，拔出全套管，同时向所述孔内灌注混凝土，使所述钢筋笼与所述孔的内腔壁固定在一起；S4，向所述注浆胶囊内注浆，形成桩底扩大头。通过全套管配合成孔，可以有效地防止以下问题：灌注桩体采用泥浆护壁成孔时，随钢筋笼下到孔底的过程中，带有固定板的钢筋笼在钻孔中犹如活塞，容易在泥浆水中形成涡流，使回旋于固定板边缘和钻孔壁之间的泥浆水流冲刷和扰动钻孔孔壁，固定板容易刮蹭钻孔孔壁，这些因素都容易造成钻孔孔壁坍塌，致使经过清孔后的钻孔在注浆容器到底后孔底沉渣又超标，同时固定板的上面也容易堆积从钻孔孔壁上坍塌下来的泥沙，影响钻孔灌注桩的质量，严重时造成断桩，如果固定板直径比较小，或因塌孔超灌等其它原因，也会发生桩底注浆腔被混凝土包裹紧密，不能发挥作用的问题。为了解决上述问题，通过全套管配合灌注桩体的成孔，因为全套管质地坚硬可靠，可以有效地保护孔壁，使孔壁不会受泥浆水流影响发生坍塌变形，而且全套管保护的孔壁也不会 被固定板刮蹭受损，保证了钻孔孔壁不会坍塌。
14.本发明提供的灌注桩体的施工方法，还包括设置在步骤S4以后的步骤S5，步骤S5包括通过桩侧注浆管，朝向桩侧地层注浆。通过朝向桩侧地层注浆，使桩身周围地层更加密实，强度更高，使灌注桩与地层结合的更加紧密
15.本发明提供的灌注桩体的施工方法，包括以下步骤：S1，采用人工护壁成孔法成孔，以形成具有人工护壁的孔；S2，将下端安装有所述桩底注浆腔的钢筋笼下沉至所述孔的底部；S3，向所述孔内灌注混凝土，使所述钢筋笼与所述孔的内腔壁固定在一起；S4，向所述注浆胶囊内注浆，形成桩底扩大头。通过人工护壁配合灌注桩体成孔，可以有效地防止以下问题：灌注桩体采用泥浆护壁成孔时，随钢筋笼下到孔底的过程中，带有固定板的钢筋笼在钻孔中犹如活塞，容易在泥浆水中形成涡流，使回旋于固定板边缘和钻孔壁之间的泥浆水流冲刷和扰动钻孔孔壁，固定板容易刮蹭钻孔孔壁，这些因素都容易造成钻孔孔壁坍塌，致使经过清孔后的钻孔在注浆容器到底后孔底沉渣又超标，同时固定板的上面也容易堆积从钻孔孔壁上坍塌下来的泥沙，影响钻孔灌注桩的质量，严重时造成断桩，如果固定板直径比较小，或因塌孔超灌等其它原因，也会发生桩底注浆腔被混凝土包裹紧密，不能发挥作用的问题。为了解决上述问题，通过人工护壁配合灌注桩体的成孔，因为人工护壁相比于泥浆护壁质地坚硬可靠，可以有效地保护孔壁，使孔壁不会受泥浆水流影响发生坍塌变形，而且人工护壁保护的孔壁也不会被固定板刮蹭受损，保证了钻孔孔壁不会坍塌。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明提供的桩底注浆腔内部结构示意图；
图2为本发明提供的全套管成孔示意图；
图3为本发明提供的将具有桩底注浆腔的钢筋笼下沉到孔底的示意图；
图4为本发明提供的提升套管的同时向钻孔内灌注混凝土的示意图；
图5为本发明提供的向注浆胶囊内灌注浆液的示意图；
图6为本发明提供的具有桩侧注浆管的灌注桩体的结构示意图；
图7为本发明提供的桩底注浆腔内部的环形注浆部的结构示意图；
图8为本发明提供的具有胶囊检测口的桩底注浆腔结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
1-注浆胶囊；2-注浆管；3-注浆孔；4-弹性件；5-注浆部；6-固定板；7-钢筋笼；8-全套管；9-孔；10-桩侧注浆管；11-胶囊检测口。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
此外，下面所描述的本发明不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
实施例1
本实施例提供的一种灌注桩体，如图6所示，包括：
桩底注浆腔；
钢筋笼7，与所述桩底注浆腔相连，所述注浆管2与所述钢筋笼7通过绑扎的方式固定相连，钢筋笼7上还固定有桩侧注浆管10，所述桩侧注浆管10的注浆孔设置在靠近所述注浆胶囊1的位置，朝向桩侧地层注浆；
本申请中的桩底注浆腔，如图1所示，其包括：
注浆胶囊1，为橡胶材质，具有内部填充有浆液以承载桩体的膨胀状态，以及内部中空的收缩状态；
注浆管2，与所述注浆胶囊1的内腔相连通，向所述注浆胶囊1内注浆，所述注浆管2具有延伸至所述注浆胶囊1内腔中的注浆部5，所述注浆部5上设置有供浆液进入所述注浆胶囊1内的注浆孔3，所述注浆孔3为多个，布置在所述注浆部5表面；上述注浆管2为两根，两根所述注浆管2通过管状结构的所述注浆部5连通在一起，所述注浆部5为一根两端开口分别与两根所述注浆管2相连通的管路，所述注浆管2上设置有用于关闭注浆通道的阀门；
单向阀，所述单向阀设置在所述注浆管2与所述注浆胶囊1的连通位置，以阻挡所述注浆胶囊1内的堵塞物进入所述注浆管2。所述单向阀包括：套置在管状结构的所述注浆部5上的环形套结构的弹性件4，通过上述环形套结构的弹性件4可以有效地包裹管状结构的注浆部5，以保证弹性件4可以有效的在注浆部5内压力较小时，有效地密封注浆孔3，从各个角度防止泥沙、沉渣等混合物进入注浆管2。且，所述弹性件4为橡胶材质依靠其形变压力与所述注浆部5紧密相连，可以有效地防止通过注浆孔3朝向注浆胶囊1内腔注浆时，弹性件4在注浆压力作用下偏离预设位置，导致弹性件4失去对注浆孔3密封的能力。弹性件4与所述注浆部5上的注浆孔3 相对设置，以密封所述注浆孔3的弹性件4，所述弹性件4具有与所述注浆管2紧密贴合以阻挡所述堵塞物通过所述注浆孔3进入注浆管2的密封状态，以及受到所述注浆管2内压力作用朝向远离所述注浆部5方向移动以使浆液通过所述注浆孔3进入所述注浆胶囊1的打开状态；通过上述单向阀可以有效地防止当注浆胶囊1发生破裂等情况下，注浆管2外部的压力大于注浆管2内部的压力时，进入注浆胶囊1内的泥沙、沉渣等混合物进入注浆管或因机械故障造成注浆中断，从而堵塞注浆管，以至无法再向桩底注浆腔注浆的问题。而且，通过上述单向阀可以有效地避免混合物进入注浆管，进而在注浆胶囊1破裂时，通过注浆管2朝向桩侧方向持续注浆，对周围地层的挤密效果，加固桩侧周围地层，。上述套状结构的弹性件4套置在管状的注浆部5其注浆孔3位置，当注浆管2外部的压力大于注浆管2内部的压力时，弹性件4会在其自身收缩压力和外部压力的共同作用下与注浆部5相贴合以封堵注浆孔3，从而有效地避免堵塞物通过注浆孔3进入注浆管2以堵塞注浆管2，造成无法对桩底注浆腔注浆的问题。另一方面，当注浆管2内部的压力大于注浆管2外部的压力时，注浆管2内的液体的压力作用下会使弹性件4发生形变，以使弹性件4远离注浆孔3使浆液从注浆管2排出进入注浆胶囊1，或通过破损的注浆胶囊1进入地层以加固桩底周围地层。通过上述可以发生形变的弹性件4可以简单有效地保证注浆管2单向排浆，以保证桩底注浆腔内的混合物无法进入注浆管2，且当注浆胶囊1破裂时桩底注浆仍可发挥作用，加固桩底周围地层，提高桩端承载力；
固定板6，所述注浆胶囊1设置在钢制材料的所述固定板6上，所述注 浆胶囊1和所述固定板6围成用于容置浆液的容置腔，上述固定板6可以有效地和钢筋笼相连，实现桩底注浆腔的安装使用。如图8所示，所述注浆胶囊1上设置有用于向其内部充入空气，以验证所述注浆胶囊1是否发生泄漏的胶囊检测口11。上述胶囊检测口11设置在所述固定板6上。通过上述胶囊检测口11向注浆胶囊1充入空气、水或者其它介质，可以有效地验证注浆胶囊1是否发生破损、泄漏等问题。
桩底注浆腔的使用方法，包括：
清洗注浆管2，所述清洗注浆管2具体包括：S1，打开通过注浆部5连接在一起的两根所述注浆管2；S2，向处于打开状态下的其中一根所述注浆管2内通入清洗液，所述清洗液从处于打开状态且未注入所述清洗液的另外所述注浆管2排出，所述注浆管2内的压力小于打开单向阀的压力，通过设置上述方式可以保证单向阀不打开，以使清洗液不进入注浆胶囊1，清洗液可以有效地对注浆管2进行清理；
向所述注浆胶囊1内注浆，具体包括：向处于打开状态下的所述注浆管2中通入浆液，所述注浆部5内的压力大于所述弹性件4其自身收缩压力和外部压力之和，所述浆液通过所述弹性件4和所述注浆部5之间的间隙溢出，进入所述注浆胶囊1内；当多根注浆管2无法形成液体回路时，可以有效地增大注浆管2内的液体压力值，从而使注浆管2内的压力足以打开单向阀，向注浆胶囊1内注入浆液，保证桩底注浆腔的正常使用。在本申请中，如果发生机械故障等因素，造成中断注浆的问题，可以通过上述方式清洗注浆管2，以保证注浆管2畅通，进而实现重复多次间歇式注浆，从而应对不同的施工情况。
灌注桩体的施工方法，包括以下步骤：
S1，采用全套管成孔法钻孔，以形成容置有全套管8的孔9；
S2，将下端安装有所述桩底注浆腔的钢筋笼7下沉至所述孔9的底部；
S3，拔出全套管8，同时向所述孔9内灌注混凝土，混凝土的凝固使所述钢筋笼7与所述孔9的内腔壁固定在一起；
S4，向所述注浆胶囊1内注浆，形成桩底扩大头；
S5，通过桩侧注浆管10朝向所述桩侧周围地层注浆。
通过全套管8配合成孔，可以有效地防止以下问题：灌注桩体采用泥浆护壁成孔时，随钢筋笼下到孔底的过程中，带有固定板6的钢筋笼在钻孔中犹如活塞，容易在泥浆水中形成涡流，使回旋于固定板6边缘和钻孔壁之间的泥浆水流冲刷和扰动钻孔孔壁，固定板6容易刮蹭钻孔孔壁，这些因素都容易造成钻孔孔壁坍塌，致使经过清孔后的钻孔在注浆容器到底后孔底沉渣又超标，同时固定板6的上面也容易堆积从钻孔孔壁上坍塌下来的泥沙，影响钻孔灌注桩的质量，严重时造成断桩，如果固定板6直径比较小，或因塌孔超灌等其它原因，也会发生桩底注浆腔被混凝土包裹紧密，不能发挥作用的问题。为了解决上述问题，通过全套管8配合灌注桩体的成孔，因为全套管8质地坚硬可靠，可以有效地保护孔壁，使孔壁不会受泥浆水流影响发生坍塌变形，而且全套管8保护的孔壁也不会被固定板6刮蹭受损，保证了钻孔孔壁不会坍塌。而且，通过桩侧注浆管10，朝向所述桩侧周围地层注浆。通过朝向桩侧地层注浆，使桩身周围地层更加密实，强度更高，使灌注桩与地层结合的更加紧密同时，朝向所述桩侧壁周围地层注浆。通过向灌注桩侧壁周围地层进行压力注浆，使桩身周围地 层更加密实，强度更高，也使灌注桩与周围的地层结合的更加紧密，最终使桩的极限承载力大幅度提高。
当然，本发明申请对注浆部5的结构不做具体限制，在其它实施例中，如图7所示，所述注浆部5为沿所述注浆胶囊1外轮廓设置的环形管路，上述环形管路具有与注浆管2相连通的连接端，上述环形的注浆部5可以有效地增加注浆效率。
当然，本发明申请对弹性件4和注浆部5的连接方式不做具体限制，在其它实施例中，弹性件4和注浆部5可以通过粘接或者紧固件固定在一起，从而进一步有效地防止通过注浆孔3朝向注浆胶囊1内腔注浆时，弹性件4在注浆压力作用下偏离预设位置，导致弹性件4失去对注浆孔3密封的能力。
当然，本发明申请对单向阀的结构不做具体限制，在其它实施例中，单向阀还可以是电控阀门，通过电控阀门可以远距离控制注浆孔3的打开和关闭。
当然，本发明申请对所述弹性件4与所述注浆部5固定相连的方式不做具体限制，在其它实施例中，弹性件4一体成型于注浆部5上，弹性件4和注浆部5之间具有供浆液通过的伸缩间隙。
当然，本发明申请对注浆管2的数量方式不做具体限制，在其它实施例中，注浆管2设置为三根或三根以上，从而可以开启多根注浆管2同时将浆液引入注浆部5，从而保证注浆部5的内部压力值可以有效地打开弹性件4，保证注浆部5有足够的压力，并保证注浆管2的注浆效率；或者开启其中的若干根注浆管2另外的注浆管2关闭，向开启的注浆管2内注入浆 液，以保证注浆部5有足够的压力，以及注浆管2的注浆效率。
当然，本发明申请对弹性件4的结构不做具体限制，在其它实施例中，弹性件4可以为固定在管状结构的注浆部5其表面的不规则片状结构，弹性件4的形状与注浆孔3的布置形状相适配。
当然，本发明申请对胶囊检测口11的设置位置不做具体限制，在其它实施例中，胶囊检测口11设置在注浆胶囊1表面。
实施例2
本实施例与实施例1的区别在于，灌注桩体的施工方法，包括以下步骤：
S1，采用人工护壁成孔法成孔，以形成具有人工护壁的孔9；
S2，将下端安装有所述桩底注浆腔的钢筋笼7下沉至所述孔9的底部；
S3，向所述孔9内灌注混凝土，使所述钢筋笼7与所述孔9的内腔壁固定在一起；
S4，向所述注浆胶囊1内注浆，形成桩底扩大头；
通过人工护壁配合灌注桩体成孔，可以有效地防止以下问题：灌注桩体采用泥浆护壁成孔时，随钢筋笼下到孔底的过程中，带有固定板6的钢筋笼在钻孔中犹如活塞，容易在泥浆水中形成涡流，使回旋于固定板6边缘和钻孔壁之间的泥浆水流冲刷和扰动钻孔孔壁，固定板6容易刮蹭钻孔孔壁，这些因素都容易造成钻孔孔壁坍塌，致使经过清孔后的钻孔在注浆容器到底后孔底沉渣又超标，同时固定板6的上面也容易堆积从钻孔孔壁上坍塌下来的泥沙，影响钻孔灌注桩的质量，严重时造成断桩，如果固定 板6直径比较小，或因塌孔超灌等其它原因，也会发生桩底注浆腔被混凝土包裹紧密，不能发挥作用的问题。为了解决上述问题，通过人工护壁配合灌注桩体的成孔，因为人工护壁相比于泥浆护壁质地坚硬可靠，可以有效地保护孔壁，使孔壁不会受泥浆水流影响发生坍塌变形，而且人工护壁保护的孔壁也不会被固定板6刮蹭受损，保证了钻孔孔壁不会坍塌。而且，通过桩侧注浆管10朝向所述桩侧周围地层注浆。通过朝向桩侧地层注浆，使桩身周围地层更加密实，强度更高，使灌注桩与地层结合的更加紧密。
显然，上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例，而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种桩底注浆腔，包括：
    注浆胶囊(1)，具有内部填充有浆液以承载桩体的膨胀状态，以及内部中空的收缩状态；
    注浆管(2)，与所述注浆胶囊(1)的内腔相连通，向所述注浆胶囊(1)内注浆；
    其特征在于，还包括：
    单向阀，所述单向阀设置在所述注浆管(2)与所述注浆胶囊(1)的连通位置，以阻挡所述注浆胶囊(1)内的堵塞物进入所述注浆管(2)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的桩底注浆腔，其特征在于，所述注浆管(2)上设置有供浆液进入所述注浆胶囊(1)内的注浆孔(3)，所述单向阀包括：与所述注浆管(2)上的注浆孔(3)相对设置，以密封所述注浆孔(3)的弹性件(4)，所述弹性件(4)具有与所述注浆管(2)紧密贴合以阻挡所述堵塞物通过所述注浆孔(3)进入注浆管(2)的密封状态，以及受到所述注浆管(2)内压力作用朝向远离所述注浆管(2)方向移动以使浆液通过所述注浆孔(3)进入所述注浆胶囊(1)的打开状态。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的桩底注浆腔，其特征在于，所述注浆管(2)具有延伸至所述注浆胶囊(1)内腔中的注浆部(5)，所述注浆孔(3)布置在所述注浆部(5)表面。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的桩底注浆腔，其特征在于，所述弹性件(4)具有与所述注浆部(5)相连的固定部。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的桩底注浆腔，其特征在于，所述注浆管 (2)为至少两根，所述注浆管(2)通过所述注浆部(5)连通在一起，所述注浆管(2)上设置有用于关闭注浆通道的阀门。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的桩底注浆腔，其特征在于，所述注浆部(5)为管状结构，所述注浆部(5)的两端分别与一根所述注浆管(2)相连通。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的桩底注浆腔，其特征在于，所述弹性件(4)为套置在管状结构的所述注浆部(5)上的环形套。
  8. 根据权利要求2至7中任一项所述的桩底注浆腔，其特征在于，所述注浆孔(3)为多个，布置在所述注浆部(5)表面。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的桩底注浆腔，其特征在于，还包括固定板(6)，所述注浆胶囊(1)设置在所述固定板(6)上，所述注浆胶囊(1)和所述固定板(6)围成用于容置浆液的容置腔。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的桩底注浆腔，其特征在于，所述注浆胶囊(1)上设置有用于向其内部充入介质的胶囊检测口(11)。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的桩底注浆腔，其特征在于，所述胶囊检测口(11)设置在所述固定板(6)上。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的桩底注浆腔，其特征在于，所述介质为空气。
  13. 一种权利要求1-12任一项所述的桩底注浆腔的使用方法，其特征在于，包括：
    清洗注浆管(2)；
    向所述注浆胶囊(1)内注浆。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的桩底注浆腔的使用方法，其特征在于，所 述清洗注浆管(2)具体包括：S1，打开通过注浆部(5)连接在一起的至少两根所述注浆管(2)；S2，向处于打开状态下的至少两根所述注浆管(2)中的至少一根所述注浆管(2)内通入清洗液，所述清洗液从处于打开状态且未注入所述清洗液的另外所述注浆管(2)排出，所述注浆管(2)内的压力小于打开单向阀的压力。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的桩底注浆腔的使用方法，其特征在于，所述向所述注浆胶囊(1)内注浆具体包括：向处于打开状态下的所述注浆管(2)中通入浆液，所述注浆部(5)内的压力大于所述弹性件(4)的偏压力，所述浆液通过所述弹性件(4)和所述注浆部(5)之间的间隙溢出，进入所述注浆胶囊(1)内。
  16. 一种灌注桩体，其特征在于，包括：
    权利要求1至12中任一项所述的桩底注浆腔；
    钢筋笼(7)，与所述桩底注浆腔相连，所述注浆管(2)与所述钢筋笼(7)固定相连。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的灌注桩体，其特征在于，还包括固定在所述钢筋笼(7)上的桩侧注浆管(10)，所述桩侧注浆管(10)的注浆孔设置在靠近所述注浆胶囊(1)的位置，朝向桩侧地层注浆。
  18. 一种权利要求16或17所述的灌注桩体的施工方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S1，采用全套管成孔法钻孔，以形成容置有全套管(8)的孔(9)；
    S2，将下端安装有所述桩底注浆腔的钢筋笼(7)下沉至所述孔(9)的底部；
    S3，拔出全套管(8)，同时向所述孔(9)内灌注混凝土，使所述钢筋笼(7)与所述孔(9)的内腔壁固定在一起；
    S4，向所述注浆胶囊(1)内注浆，形成桩底扩大头。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的灌注桩体的施工方法，其特征在于，还包括：步骤S5，朝向桩体侧部地层注浆。
  20. 一种权利要求16或17所述的灌注桩体的施工方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S1，采用人工护壁成孔法成孔，以形成具有人工护壁的孔(9)；
    S2，将下端安装有所述桩底注浆腔的钢筋笼(7)下沉至所述孔(9)的底部；
    S3，向所述孔(9)内灌注混凝土，使所述钢筋笼(7)与所述孔(9)的内腔壁固定在一起；
    S4，向所述注浆胶囊(1)内注浆，形成桩底扩大头。
PCT/CN2019/093556 2018-08-03 2019-06-28 桩底注浆腔及使用方法以及灌注桩体和灌注桩体的施工方法 WO2020024740A1 (zh)

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