WO2020020074A1 - 一种直齿锥齿轮副及其齿向修形方法 - Google Patents

一种直齿锥齿轮副及其齿向修形方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020020074A1
WO2020020074A1 PCT/CN2019/096817 CN2019096817W WO2020020074A1 WO 2020020074 A1 WO2020020074 A1 WO 2020020074A1 CN 2019096817 W CN2019096817 W CN 2019096817W WO 2020020074 A1 WO2020020074 A1 WO 2020020074A1
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Prior art keywords
tooth
gear
drum
driving gear
passive
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PCT/CN2019/096817
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English (en)
French (fr)
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焦继松
董义
王小乾
许君
陈晨
张辰瑞
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江苏太平洋精锻科技股份有限公司
江苏太平洋齿轮传动有限公司
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Publication of WO2020020074A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020020074A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/04—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members
    • F16H1/12—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes
    • F16H1/14—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion without gears having orbital motion involving only two intermeshing members with non-parallel axes comprising conical gears only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/08—Profiling
    • F16H55/0853—Skewed-shaft arrangement of the toothed members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/17—Toothed wheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/17—Toothed wheels
    • F16H2055/173—Crown gears, i.e. gears have axially arranged teeth

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of gear design and manufacturing, in particular to a straight-tooth bevel gear pair and a method for modifying a tooth direction thereof.
  • the tooth line is the curve formed by the intersection of the tooth surface of the bevel gear and its pitch cone.
  • the tooth line of the unshaped straight bevel gear is a straight line.
  • the gear pair contacts over the entire tooth length (see Figure 1).
  • There are many factors such as manufacturing, assembly, and contact elastic deformation.
  • the actual contact area moves to the tooth edge, which is prone to stress concentration and is very sensitive to installation errors and load deformation.
  • the existing method to solve this problem is to change the line contact to the point contact (see Figure 2) by designing the tooth-shape modification method such as drum repairing.
  • the advantage is that, ideally, the contact point of the gear pair is at the design point. In the case of errors, the actual movement near the contact point does not cause the phenomenon of stress concentration like the line contact drive. It can be seen that the drum shape modification can reduce the sensitivity of the straight bevel gear pair to installation errors and improve the transmission quality. And gear life has obvious effects.
  • all the loads originally distributed on the entire contact line are concentrated near the contact points, the contact stress at the contact points is significantly increased, the contact strength is reduced, and contact fatigue is easily caused during use. Failure.
  • Patent Publication No. CN1936749 discloses a method for modifying the spherical direction of a spherical involute spur bevel gear.
  • the technical solution of the technical solution includes a middle unshaped tooth surface, a large-end modified tooth surface and The small-end modified tooth surface is formed by combining the three tooth surfaces.
  • this design can only reduce the sensitivity caused by installation errors and affect the impact torque. There is still the possibility of edge contact.
  • the tooth direction in the industry refers to the tooth width direction, not the tooth height direction; the tooth height direction is called the tooth profile direction. Therefore, the tooth shape modification refers to the tooth width direction modification, and the tooth profile modification refers to the tooth height direction modification.
  • the present invention provides a straight bevel gear pair with high tooth surface contact strength and easy tooth shape modification, and a method for tooth shape modification.
  • a straight bevel gear pair includes a driving gear and a passive gear.
  • the driving gear meshes with the passive gear.
  • the tooth lines on both sides of the driving gear adopt a reverse or forward drum shape.
  • the tooth lines on both sides of the passive gear are tooth lines.
  • the forward or reverse drum shape is adopted, and the drum curves of the driving gear and the passive gear are circular arcs, and the apex of the drum is near the small end of the tooth in the middle of the tooth width.
  • the tooth flanks on both sides of the driving gear adopt a reverse drum shape
  • the tooth flanks on both sides of the passive gear adopt a forward drum shape
  • the drum curve of the active gear and the passive gear are both circular arcs.
  • the middle of the tooth width is slightly closer to the small end of the tooth.
  • one tooth surface of the driving gear and the passive gear adopts a forward drum shape
  • the other tooth surface adopts a reverse drum shape
  • the active gear adopts a forward drum shape and the passive gear adopts a reverse drum shape.
  • the tooth surfaces mesh with each other.
  • the driving gear adopts a reverse drum-shaped tooth surface and the passive gear adopts a forward drum-shaped tooth surface.
  • Both the active and passive gears have curved arcs. The apex of the drum is close to the small tooth in the middle of the tooth width. Everywhere.
  • the tooth flanks on both sides of the driving gear adopt a reverse drum shape
  • the tooth flanks on both sides of the passive gear adopt a forward drum shape
  • the driving gear and the passive gear drum curve are segmented curves
  • the active gear drum The shape curve consists of three consecutively connected circular arcs
  • the passive gear drum curve consists of three consecutively connected circular arcs.
  • one tooth surface of the driving gear and the passive gear adopts a forward drum shape
  • the other tooth surface adopts a directional drum shape
  • the active gear adopts a forward drum shape
  • the passive gear adopts a reverse drum shape.
  • the meshing of the surface, the driving gear adopts a reverse drum-shaped tooth surface and the passive gear adopts a forward drum-shaped tooth surface;
  • the passive gear drum curve consists of three consecutively smoothly connected arcs, and the active gear drum curve has three consecutive Consists of arcs of sub-smooth connections.
  • a tooth direction modification method for a straight bevel gear pair includes the following steps:
  • the data in the software modeling step is input to the CNC machine tool, and the blank is directly processed into a gear mold for forging by the CNC machine tool;
  • UG modeling is used.
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is: compared with the prior art, the tooth line of the tooth surface of the active gear and the passive gear of the present invention adopts one or more sets of curves that are curved in the same direction but have different curvatures, and are manufactured by modeling software and numerical control manufacturing technology
  • Corresponding shape modification molds use forging process to achieve large-scale mass production, which not only retains the advantages of the existing tooth shape modification methods, but also improves the tooth surface contact strength of the existing shape modification methods; meanwhile, the proposed tooth shape modification The shape method is easy to implement and does not bring additional manufacturing costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a theoretical tooth direction of a gear pair
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional modification of a gear pair of teeth
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a tooth plane meshing of a node plane according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a tooth plane meshing of a pitch plane according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of tooth plane meshing of a node according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a tooth plane meshing of a pitch plane according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
  • a straight bevel gear pair includes a driving gear 1 and a passive gear 2, and the driving gear 1 is meshed with the passive gear 2; a tooth line on the tooth surface on both sides of the driving gear 1 adopts a reverse or forward drum Shape, the tooth line on both sides of the passive gear 2 adopts the forward or reverse drum shape, the drum curve of the active gear 1 and the passive gear 2 are circular arcs, and the apex of the drum is slightly close to the small end of the tooth in the middle of the tooth width.
  • a tooth direction modification method for a straight bevel gear pair includes the following steps:
  • the positive sign is used for external contact and the negative sign is used for internal contact.
  • the traditional modification method is that the tooth lines of the active gear and the passive gear are bent outward, which belongs to external contact. In the application, the tooth lines of the active gear 1 and the passive gear 2 are bent to the same side, which is an internal contact. It can be seen that under the same load and gear pair parameters, the stress at the contact point in this application is less than the traditional modification, so it has higher contact strength .
  • the data in the software modeling step is input to the CNC machine tool, and the blank is directly processed into a gear mold for forging by the CNC machine tool;
  • the area of the contact area is reduced after tooth modification, and the strength of the gear is weakened.
  • retaining the tooth modification can improve the load deformation
  • This application has the advantages of gear mesh misalignment and tooth surface eccentric load phenomenon.
  • the tooth lines that match the driving gear 1 and the passive gear 2 are trimmed into a pair of curves that are complete in the same direction but different in curvature. Specifically, the following combination of differences An example of a speed bevel gear is described below:
  • the tooth flanks on both sides of the driving gear 1 adopt a reverse drum shape
  • the tooth flanks on both sides of the passive gear 2 adopt a forward drum shape
  • the drum curves of the driving gear 1 and the passive gear 2 are circular arcs.
  • the apex of the drum is slightly close to the small end of the tooth in the middle of the tooth width, wherein the curvature of the circular arc drum curve C1 of the driving gear 1 is slightly smaller than the curvature of the circular drum drum curve C2 of the passive gear 2 and the curvature direction is the same; in this embodiment, the circular arc Can be replaced by other types of curves.
  • one tooth surface of the driving gear 1 and the passive gear 2 adopts a forward drum shape, and the other tooth surface adopts a reverse drum shape.
  • the driving gear 1 adopts a forward drum shape and the passive gear 2 uses.
  • Reverse drum-shaped tooth surfaces mesh with each other.
  • the driving gear 1 uses a reverse drum-shaped tooth surface and the passive gear 2 uses a forward drum-shaped tooth surface.
  • the driving gear 1 and the passive gear 2 have arc curves.
  • the apex of the shape is near the small end of the tooth in the middle of the tooth width.
  • the curvature of the circular drum curve C1 of the passive gear 1 is slightly smaller than the curvature of the circular drum curve C2 of the driving gear 2 with the same curvature direction.
  • the tooth flanks on both sides of the driving gear 1 adopt a reverse drum shape
  • the tooth flanks on both sides of the passive gear 2 adopt a forward drum shape
  • the drum curve of the driving gear 1 and the passive gear 2 are segmented.
  • the driving gear 1 drum curve C1 is composed of three successively connected arcs, in which the curvature of a1b1 arc and c1d1 arc is greater than the curvature of b1c1 arc; passive gear 2 drum curve C2 has three successively smoothly connected
  • the arc consists of a2b2 arc and c2d2 arc with a curvature greater than b2c2 arc curvature; c1d1 arc curvature is less than b2c2 arc curvature; in this embodiment, the arc can be replaced by other types of curves, and the tooth line can also be A combination of different types of curves; in particular, b1c1 and b2c2 can even be straight lines alone or simultaneously.
  • one tooth surface of the driving gear 1 and the passive gear 2 adopts a forward drum shape, and the other tooth surface adopts a directional drum shape.
  • the driving gear 1 adopts the reverse drum tooth surface and the passive gear 2 uses the forward drum tooth surface to mesh.
  • the passive gear 1 drum curve C1 is composed of three successively connected circular arcs.
  • the driving gear 2 drum curve C2 is composed of three successively smoothly connected arcs, where the curvature of a2b2 arc and c2d2 arc is greater than the curvature of b2c2 arc ; C1d1 arc curvature is less than b2c2 arc curvature; in this embodiment, the arc can be replaced by other types of curves, and the tooth line can be a combination of different types of curves; in particular, b1c1 and b2c2 can even be straight lines alone or at the same time .
  • the tooth shape modification solution for straight bevel gears adopted in this application is also applicable to theoretical meshing lines such as spherical involute straight bevel gears and straight cylindrical gears. It is a linear gear transmission.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)

Abstract

一种直齿锥齿轮副及其齿向修形方法，包括相互啮合的主动齿轮（1）和被动齿轮（2），主动齿轮两侧齿面齿线采用反向或正向鼓形，被动齿轮两侧齿面齿线采用正向或反向鼓形，主动齿轮和被动齿轮鼓形曲线均为圆弧，鼓形顶点在齿宽中部靠近齿小端处。齿向修形方法包括以下步骤：软件造型→制造修形模具→批量生产。主动齿轮和被动齿轮相配合齿面的齿线采用同向弯曲但曲率不同的一组或多组曲线，通过造型软件和数控制造技术制造相应的修形模具，用锻造工艺实现大规模批量化生产，既保留了现有齿向修形方式的优点，又提高了现有修形方式的齿面接触强度；所提出的齿向修形方式易于实现，不会带来额外增加的制造成本。

Description

一种直齿锥齿轮副及其齿向修形方法 技术领域
本发明涉及齿轮设计和制造技术领域，具体涉及一种直齿锥齿轮副及其齿向修形方法。
背景技术
齿线为锥齿轮齿面与其节圆锥相交形成的曲线，齿向未修形的直齿锥齿轮的齿线是一条直线，啮合时齿轮副在整个齿长上相接触(见图1)，由于制造、装配以及接触弹性变形等诸多因素的存在，实际接触区移向齿缘，易产生应力集中现象，对安装误差和负载变形十分敏感。
解决此问题的现有做法是在设计时采用修鼓等齿向修形方式，将线接触改变为点接触(见图2)，其优点是：理想情况下，齿轮副的接触点在设计点上，存在误差情况下，实际在接触点附近移动而不至于像线接触传动那样出现应力集中的现象，可见鼓向修形能降低直齿锥齿轮副对安装误差的敏感程度，对提高传动质量和齿轮寿命有着明显的效果。但是由此带来的问题也是显而易见的：原先分布于整条接触线上的载荷全部集中于接触点附近，接触点处的接触应力明显增大，接触强度下降，在使用过程中容易造成接触疲劳失效。
公开号为CN1936749的专利公开了球面渐开线直齿锥齿轮的一种齿向修形的方法，该技术方案齿向修形技术方案有中间不修形齿面、大端修形齿面和小端修形齿面三个齿面合并而成，考虑到齿轮组件之间的间隙以及齿轮组与其配合零件间的装配间隙，此设计仅能减缓安装误差带来的敏感程度，在冲击扭矩作用下仍有产生边缘接触的可能性。
目前在业界齿向特指的是齿宽方向，而不是齿高方向；齿高方向称为齿廓方向。所以齿向修形指的是齿宽方向修形，齿廓修形指的是齿高方向修形。
发明内容
本发明为了克服上述的不足，提供一种齿面接触强度高且易于进行齿向修形的直齿锥齿轮副及其齿向修形方法。
本发明通过以下技术方案来实现上述目的：
一种直齿锥齿轮副，包括主动齿轮和被动齿轮，主动齿轮与被动齿轮相啮合；所述主动齿轮两侧齿面齿线采用反向或正向鼓形，被动齿轮两侧齿面齿线采用正向或反向鼓形，主动齿轮和被动齿轮鼓形曲线均为圆弧，鼓形顶点在齿宽中部靠近齿小端处。
优选的，所述主动齿轮两侧齿面齿线采用反向鼓形，被动齿轮两侧齿面齿线采用正向鼓形，主动齿轮和被动齿轮鼓形曲线均为圆弧，鼓形顶点在齿宽中部稍微靠近齿小端处。
优选的，所述主动齿轮和被动齿轮一侧齿面采用正向鼓形，另一侧齿面采用反向鼓形，主动齿轮采用正向鼓形的齿面与被动齿轮采用反向鼓形的齿面相啮合，主动齿轮采用反向鼓形的齿面与被动齿轮采用正向鼓形的齿面相啮合，主动齿轮和被动齿轮鼓形曲线均为圆弧，鼓形顶点在齿宽中部靠近齿小端处。
优选的，所述主动齿轮两侧齿面齿线采用反向鼓形，被动齿轮两侧齿面齿线采用正向鼓形，主动齿轮和被动齿轮鼓形曲线均为分段曲线，主动齿轮鼓形曲线有三段顺次光滑连接的圆弧组成，被动齿轮鼓形曲线有三段顺次光滑连接的圆弧组成。
优选的，所述主动齿轮和被动齿轮一侧齿面采用正向鼓形，另一侧齿面采 用方向鼓形，主动齿轮采用正向鼓形的齿面与被动齿轮采用反向鼓形的齿面相啮合，主动齿轮采用反向鼓形的齿面与被动齿轮采用正向鼓形的齿面相啮合；被动齿轮鼓形曲线有三段顺次光滑连接的圆弧组成，主动齿轮鼓形曲线有三段顺次光滑连接的圆弧组成。
一种直齿锥齿轮副的齿向修形方法，包括以下步骤：
软件造型→制造修形模具→批量生产；
在软件造型步骤中，根据接触应力计算公式，
Figure PCTCN2019096817-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2019096817-appb-000002
其中b为接触面半宽，σ H max为最大接触应力，来设计较高的接触强度；
在制造修形模具步骤中，软件造型步骤中的数据输入到数控机床，由数控机床将毛坯直接加工成用于锻造成形的齿轮模具；
在批量生产步骤中，采用精锻法进行批量生产。
优选的，在软件造型步骤中，采用UG造型。
本发明的有益效果是：相对于现有技术，本发明主动齿轮和被动齿轮相配合齿面的齿线采用同向弯曲但曲率不同的一组或多组曲线，通过造型软件和数控制造技术制造相应的修形模具，用锻造工艺实现大规模批量化生产，既保留了现有齿向修形方式的优点，又提高了现有修形方式的齿面接触强度；同时所提出的齿向修形方式易于实现，不会带来额外增加的制造成本。
附图说明
本发明将通过例子并参照附图的方式说明，其中：
图1是齿轮副理论齿向的结构示意图；
图2是齿轮副齿向常规修形的结构示意图；
图3是本发明的节平面齿线啮合的结构示意图；
图4是本发明的节平面齿线啮合的结构示意图；
图5是本发明的节平面齿线啮合的结构示意图；
图6是本发明的节平面齿线啮合的结构示意图；
图7是本发明的结构示意图。
图中：1.主动齿轮，2.被动齿轮。
具体实施方式
现在结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的说明。这些附图均为简化的示意图，仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本结构，因此其仅显示与本发明有关的构成。
如图7所示，一种直齿锥齿轮副，包括主动齿轮1和被动齿轮2，主动齿轮1与被动齿轮2啮合；所述主动齿轮1两侧齿面齿线采用反向或正向鼓形，被动齿轮2两侧齿面齿线采用正向或反向鼓形，主动齿轮1和被动齿轮2鼓形曲线均为圆弧，鼓形顶点在齿宽中部稍微靠近齿小端处。
一种直齿锥齿轮副的齿向修形方法，包括以下步骤：
软件造型→制造修形模具→批量生产；
在软件造型步骤中，根据接触应力计算公式，
Figure PCTCN2019096817-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2019096817-appb-000004
其中b为接触面半宽，σ H max为最大接触应力，来设计较高的接触强度；
以上公式各参数物理含义可参照有关书籍，其中
Figure PCTCN2019096817-appb-000005
表示两啮和齿面在接触点处的综合曲率半径，外接触时取正号，内接触时取负号；传统修形方式主动齿轮和被动齿轮齿线均向外弯曲，属于外接触；本申请中主动齿轮1和被动齿轮2齿线向同侧弯曲，属于内接触，可见在相同的载荷和齿轮副参数下，本申请中接触点处应力小于传统修形，所以有较高的接触强度。
在制造修形模具步骤中，软件造型步骤中的数据输入到数控机床，由数控机床将毛坯直接加工成用于锻造成形的齿轮模具；
在批量生产步骤中，采用精锻法进行批量生产；
在软件造型步骤中，采用UG造型。
由赫兹弹性接触理论可知，齿向修形后接触区面积减小，齿轮强度减弱，为改善现有齿向修形方式对齿轮强度造成的不利影响，同时保留齿向修形能改善受载变形引起的齿轮啮合错位和齿面偏载现象的优点，本申请将主动齿轮1和被动齿轮2相配合的齿线修整成向相同方向完全但曲率不同的一对曲线，具体来讲，以下结合差速器直齿锥齿轮实施例加以说明：
实施例1：
如图3所示，主动齿轮1两侧齿面齿线采用反向鼓形，被动齿轮2两侧齿面齿线采用正向鼓形，主动齿轮1和被动齿轮2鼓形曲线均为圆弧，鼓形顶点在齿宽中部稍微靠近齿小端处，其中主动齿轮1圆弧鼓形曲线C1曲率略小于被动齿轮2圆弧鼓形曲线C2曲率，曲率方向相同；该实施例中，圆弧可代替为其他类型的曲线。
实施例2：
如图4所示，主动齿轮1和被动齿轮2一侧齿面采用正向鼓形，另一侧齿面采用反向鼓形，主动齿轮1采用正向鼓形的齿面与被动齿轮2采用反向鼓形的齿面相啮合，主动齿轮1采用反向鼓形的齿面与被动齿轮2采用正向鼓形的齿面相啮合，主动齿轮1和被动齿轮2鼓形曲线均为圆弧，鼓形顶点在齿宽中部靠近齿小端处，其中被动齿轮1圆弧鼓形曲线C1曲率略小于主动齿轮2圆弧鼓形曲线C2曲率，曲率方向相同。
实施例3：
如图5所示，主动齿轮1两侧齿面齿线采用反向鼓形，被动齿轮2两侧齿面齿线采用正向鼓形，主动齿轮1和被动齿轮2鼓形曲线均为分段曲线，主动齿轮1鼓形曲线C1有三段顺次光滑连接的圆弧组成，其中a1b1圆弧和c1d1圆弧之曲率大于b1c1圆弧曲率；被动齿轮2鼓形曲线C2有三段顺次光滑连接的圆弧组成，其中a2b2圆弧和c2d2圆弧之曲率大于b2c2圆弧曲率；c1d1圆弧曲率小于b2c2圆弧曲率；该实施例中，圆弧可代替为其他类型的曲线，齿线也可以是不同类型曲线的组合；特别地，b1c1和b2c2甚至可以单独或同时是直线。
实施例4：
如图6所示，主动齿轮1和被动齿轮2一侧齿面采用正向鼓形，另一侧齿面采用方向鼓形，主动齿轮1采用正向鼓形的齿面与被动齿轮2采用反向鼓形的齿面相啮合，主动齿轮1采用反向鼓形的齿面与被动齿轮2采用正向鼓形的齿面相啮合；被动齿轮1鼓形曲线C1有三段顺次光滑连接的圆弧组成，其中a1b1圆弧和c1d1圆弧之曲率大于b1c1圆弧曲率；主动齿轮2鼓形曲线C2有三段顺次光滑连接的圆弧组成，其中a2b2圆弧和c2d2圆弧之曲率大于b2c2圆弧曲率； c1d1圆弧曲率小于b2c2圆弧曲率；该实施例中，圆弧可代替为其他类型的曲线，齿线也可以是不同类型曲线的组合；特别地，b1c1和b2c2甚至可以单独或同时是直线。
为解决常规齿向修形所引起的技术问题而在本申请中所采取的针对直齿锥齿轮齿向修形方案同样适用于球面渐开线直齿锥齿轮、直齿圆柱齿轮等理论啮合线为直线的齿轮传动形式。
上述依据本发明为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种直齿锥齿轮副，其特征在于：包括主动齿轮和被动齿轮，主动齿轮与被动齿轮啮合；所述主动齿轮两侧齿面齿线采用反向或正向鼓形，被动齿轮两侧齿面齿线采用正向或反向鼓形，主动齿轮和被动齿轮鼓形曲线均为圆弧，鼓形顶点在齿宽中部靠近齿小端处。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的直齿锥齿轮副，其特征在于：所述主动齿轮两侧齿面齿线采用反向鼓形，被动齿轮两侧齿面齿线采用正向鼓形，主动齿轮和被动齿轮鼓形曲线均为圆弧，鼓形顶点在齿宽中部靠近齿小端处。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的直齿锥齿轮副，其特征在于：所述主动齿轮和被动齿轮一侧齿面采用正向鼓形，另一侧齿面采用反向鼓形，主动齿轮采用正向鼓形的齿面与被动齿轮采用反向鼓形的齿面相啮合，主动齿轮采用反向鼓形的齿面与被动齿轮采用正向鼓形的齿面相啮合，主动齿轮和被动齿轮鼓形曲线均为圆弧，鼓形顶点在齿宽中部靠近齿小端处。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的直齿锥齿轮副，其特征在于：所述主动齿轮两侧齿面齿线采用反向鼓形，被动齿轮两侧齿面齿线采用正向鼓形，主动齿轮和被动齿轮鼓形曲线均为分段曲线，主动齿轮鼓形曲线有三段顺次光滑连接的圆弧组成，被动齿轮鼓形曲线有三段顺次光滑连接的圆弧组成。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的直齿锥齿轮副，其特征在于：所述主动齿轮和被动齿轮一侧齿面采用正向鼓形，另一侧齿面采用反向鼓形，主动齿轮采用正向鼓形的齿面与被动齿轮采用反向鼓形的齿面相啮合，主动齿轮采用反向鼓形的齿面与被动齿轮采用正向鼓形的齿面相啮合；被动齿轮鼓形曲线有三段顺次光滑连接的圆弧组成，主动齿轮鼓形曲线有三段顺次光滑连接的圆弧组成。
  6. 一种根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的直齿锥齿轮副的齿向修形方法，其 特征在于：包括以下步骤：
    软件造型→制造修形模具→批量生产；
    在软件造型步骤中，根据接触应力计算公式，
    Figure PCTCN2019096817-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2019096817-appb-100002
    其中b为接触面半宽，σ H max为最大接触应力，来设计较高的接触强度；
    在制造修形模具步骤中，软件造型步骤中的数据输入到数控机床，由数控机床将毛坯直接加工成用于锻造成形的齿轮模具；
    在批量生产步骤中，采用精锻法进行批量生产。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的直齿锥齿轮副的齿向修形方法，其特征在于：在软件造型步骤中，采用UG造型。
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