WO2020019763A1 - 一种公铁两用车 - Google Patents

一种公铁两用车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020019763A1
WO2020019763A1 PCT/CN2019/082436 CN2019082436W WO2020019763A1 WO 2020019763 A1 WO2020019763 A1 WO 2020019763A1 CN 2019082436 W CN2019082436 W CN 2019082436W WO 2020019763 A1 WO2020019763 A1 WO 2020019763A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
plate
seat
airbag
frame
coupler
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/082436
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡海平
罗辉
刘丹艳
姜瑞金
刘凤伟
李梓铭
彭先洪
姚雄
向志英
吴先年
黄春雨
Original Assignee
中车长江车辆有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201810846327.9A external-priority patent/CN108773248B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201821211150.7U external-priority patent/CN208855340U/zh
Application filed by 中车长江车辆有限公司 filed Critical 中车长江车辆有限公司
Priority to AU2019311716A priority Critical patent/AU2019311716B2/en
Priority to CA3092417A priority patent/CA3092417C/en
Priority to EP19841213.2A priority patent/EP3851300B1/en
Priority to RU2020127789A priority patent/RU2741141C1/ru
Priority to US16/975,335 priority patent/US11766907B2/en
Publication of WO2020019763A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020019763A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60F—VEHICLES FOR USE BOTH ON RAIL AND ON ROAD; AMPHIBIOUS OR LIKE VEHICLES; CONVERTIBLE VEHICLES
    • B60F1/00—Vehicles for use both on rail and on road; Conversions therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60F—VEHICLES FOR USE BOTH ON RAIL AND ON ROAD; AMPHIBIOUS OR LIKE VEHICLES; CONVERTIBLE VEHICLES
    • B60F1/00—Vehicles for use both on rail and on road; Conversions therefor
    • B60F1/04—Vehicles for use both on rail and on road; Conversions therefor with rail and road wheels on different axles
    • B60F1/046—Semi-trailer or trailer type vehicles without own propelling units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60F—VEHICLES FOR USE BOTH ON RAIL AND ON ROAD; AMPHIBIOUS OR LIKE VEHICLES; CONVERTIBLE VEHICLES
    • B60F1/00—Vehicles for use both on rail and on road; Conversions therefor
    • B60F1/02—Vehicles for use both on rail and on road; Conversions therefor with rail and road wheels on the same axle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60F—VEHICLES FOR USE BOTH ON RAIL AND ON ROAD; AMPHIBIOUS OR LIKE VEHICLES; CONVERTIBLE VEHICLES
    • B60F1/00—Vehicles for use both on rail and on road; Conversions therefor
    • B60F1/04—Vehicles for use both on rail and on road; Conversions therefor with rail and road wheels on different axles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60F—VEHICLES FOR USE BOTH ON RAIL AND ON ROAD; AMPHIBIOUS OR LIKE VEHICLES; CONVERTIBLE VEHICLES
    • B60F1/00—Vehicles for use both on rail and on road; Conversions therefor
    • B60F1/005—Vehicles for use both on rail and on road; Conversions therefor with guiding elements keeping the road wheels on the rails
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60F—VEHICLES FOR USE BOTH ON RAIL AND ON ROAD; AMPHIBIOUS OR LIKE VEHICLES; CONVERTIBLE VEHICLES
    • B60F1/00—Vehicles for use both on rail and on road; Conversions therefor
    • B60F1/04—Vehicles for use both on rail and on road; Conversions therefor with rail and road wheels on different axles
    • B60F1/043—Vehicles comprising own propelling units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
    • B61D3/16—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of road transportation, and in particular, to a public-rail vehicle.
  • the transportation process is: first, the road vehicles transport the containers from the distribution center to the railway container staging station, and then the railway transports to the container distribution station. Finally, it is transported by road vehicles to the receiving yard.
  • Road transport containers are generally transported by road container semi-trailers, and rail transport containers are generally transported by container flat cars or open cars.
  • the dual-purpose vehicle developed in recent years uses a three-vehicle unit group arrangement, consisting of three road container semi-trailers, one puller assembly, two puller assembly, wind hand brakes, coupler buffers, and It consists of 2 independent bogies; when used for railway transportation, the ends of the road container semi-trailers at both ends of the train are connected with a puller assembly and a two puller assembly, respectively.
  • the coupler buffer device and the bogie are respectively equipped with a bogie on the lower part of the central highway container semi-trailer, and a wind hand brake device is installed on a pull pillow assembly, which can realize the railway transportation of the dual-purpose vehicle of the railway; when used for road transportation At this time, the road container semi-trailer is separated from the one-pulley assembly and the two-pulley assembly, and is connected with the road tractor to form a car train to realize road transportation.
  • This split-type bus-rail vehicle has the following problems in actual use:
  • the dual-purpose vehicle needs to be carried out in a dedicated site and equipped with a corresponding forklift truck, and the conversion site must have a hardened track bed, track bed surface and track surface suitable for the vehicle length.
  • the utility vehicle provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a frame, a suspension, and a single axle bogie.
  • the frame includes two longitudinal beams arranged in parallel, and the two longitudinal beams are connected by a longitudinal beam connecting plate.
  • a lifting airbag mounting seat is provided between the two longitudinal beams, and a bearing airbag insertion hole is provided on a lower cover of the longitudinal beam corresponding to the lifting airbag mounting seat, and the bearing airbag insertion hole is installed in the
  • the suspension includes an axle assembly.
  • a lifting airbag is installed in the middle of the front end of the axle assembly.
  • One side of the rear axle of the axle assembly is installed with a first stage airbag, and two first stage airbags.
  • the top surface is equipped with a secondary carrier airbag through a support seat, the top surface of the lift airbag is mounted on the lift airbag mount, and the top surface of the secondary carrier airbag is installed in the carrier airbag mount. ;
  • the single-axle bogie includes a frame, an axle box is installed at each end of the bottom surface of the frame, an axle assembly is installed between the two axle boxes, and a system is provided between the axle box and the frame.
  • a vibration spring assembly, a brake assembly is installed at each end of the bottom surface of the frame corresponding to the wheel of the axle assembly, and a frame connection assembly is provided at each end of the top surface of the frame.
  • the frame connection assembly is installed on the bottom surface of the load bearing pillow beam.
  • the single-axle bogie is fixedly mounted on the frame through the frame connection assembly, and the suspension is designed as a two-stage load-bearing airbag with a large stroke.
  • the large-stroke suspension can be used to directly
  • the single-axle bogie is lifted off the rail track surface without the assistance of other equipment, thereby greatly improving the transfer time.
  • the dual-purpose vehicle of the public-railway transfer does not require the assistance of other equipment, the dual-purpose vehicle of the public-railway only The railway-railway conversion needs to be performed at a railway station with a hardened track bed suitable for the length of the car.
  • the track bed surface is at the same height as the track surface and can be gently transitioned to the ground, thereby greatly reducing the threshold for the railway station to use the railway-rail conversion; and,
  • the bearing pillow beam not only plays the role of carrying the container, but also plays the role of connecting the frame with the uniaxial bogie.
  • the secondary airbag is installed in the longitudinal beam through the airbag mounting seat, which can increase the At the same time of the suspension stroke, the structure is more compact.
  • the airbag mounting base includes an airbag mounting plate and two airbag partition plates arranged opposite to each other, and the inner surfaces of the upper ends of the two airbag partition plates are respectively welded to opposite sides of the airbag mounting plate.
  • the carrier airbag mounting seat is inserted into the carrier airbag insertion hole, and the carrier airbag mount and the two webs of the side member form a carrier airbag installation for installing the secondary carrier airbag Cavity, the airbag mounting plate is arranged in parallel with the upper cover of the side member, the lower ends of the two airbag partitions are welded to the lower cover of the side member, and the lower ends of the two airbag partitions It is also welded to the two webs of the longitudinal beam, and the middle part of the two airbag partitions is provided with a guide groove protruding outward in a vertical direction, and two sides of the support seat are provided with the two sides respectively.
  • a supporting seat guide portion matching a guide groove, a bearing airbag mounting hole is provided on the upper cover of the side member corresponding to the bearing airbag mounting seat, and a top surface of the secondary bearing airbag is mounted on the airbag.
  • Mounting plate, the support seat guides Activity inserted in said corresponding guide groove. The mutual cooperation between the additional support seat guide and the guide groove can ensure the vertical and horizontal positioning and stable operation of the airbag.
  • the lifting airbag mounting base includes a lifting airbag mounting plate and two lifting airbag mounting reinforcing plates, and the two lifting airbag mounting reinforcing plates are installed in parallel between the two longitudinal beams, and the lifting An airbag mounting plate is mounted on two of the lifting airbag mounting reinforcing plates, and the lifting airbag mounting plate is welded to two of the longitudinal beams.
  • Two additional airbag mounting reinforcement plates ensure the stability of the airbag installation.
  • a bogie connection seat of a U-shaped structure is provided on the bottom surface of the load-bearing pillow beam, and a bogie connection slot is provided on the bottom surface of the bogie connection seat in the longitudinal direction.
  • a bogie limit clamping plate is respectively provided at both ends, and a center plate seat for installing a center plate pin of the single-axis bogie is provided between the two longitudinal beams corresponding to the bearing pillow beam;
  • the frame connection assembly includes a frame connection plate.
  • a middle portion of the frame connection plate is provided with an upwardly protruding frame limit connection seat.
  • the frame limit connection seat is a square cavity structure.
  • the top surface of the frame limit connection seat is longitudinally provided with a frame connection slot.
  • the frame connection slot is provided with an I-shaped connector at the limit position.
  • the upper connector of the I-shaped connector is at the limit position.
  • the frame cavity limit connection seat of the square cavity structure is clamped in two Between the bogie limit clamps, the core disk pin on the frame is inserted into the core disk seat Inside.
  • the U-shaped bogie connecting seat provided on the bottom surface of the bearing pillow beam facilitates the connection of the frame connecting components; at the same time, the additional position between the bogie limit clamping plate and the frame limit connecting seat Cooperate to prevent the bogie from rotating too much, and further ensure the reliability of the connection between the frame and the single-axle bogie; in addition, the additional core disc seat can ensure the transmission of the train's longitudinal traction and longitudinal braking force. The reliability of the connection between the frame and the single axle bogie is further ensured.
  • a two-series rubber spring assembly is clamped on each of the longitudinal ends of the frame connection plate, and the second-series rubber spring assembly includes a second-series rubber spring mounting plate and a second-series rubber spring.
  • the lower end of the rubber spring is clamped on the frame connecting plate, and the upper end of the secondary rubber spring is vulcanized on the secondary rubber spring mounting plate.
  • the added second series rubber spring assembly can play a role in attenuating the vertical action force on the one hand, and it also plays a supporting role on the other hand.
  • a U-shaped secondary rubber spring connection seat is provided on the bottom surface of the bearing pillow beam at a position corresponding to the secondary rubber spring mounting plate.
  • the two series of rubber spring mounting plates are connected.
  • the top surface of the bogie connection base and the top surface of the second series rubber spring connection base are respectively provided with reinforcing connecting ribs, and the reinforcing connecting ribs are also welded to the bottom surface of the bearing pillow beam, Reinforcement ribs are also provided on the outer side wall of the bogie limit clamping plate.
  • the brake assembly includes a unit brake and a brake vertical mounting plate, and an upper end of the brake vertical mounting plate is mounted on a bottom surface of the frame corresponding to a position of a wheel of the axle assembly, the unit The brake is mounted on the lower end of the brake vertical mounting plate, and the brake shoes of the unit brake are arranged toward the wheels of the axle assembly.
  • the bearing pillow beam includes a bearing pillow upper cover plate, a bearing pillow beam lower cover plate, a bearing pillow beam sealing plate, a bearing pillow beam web and a bearing pillow beam partition.
  • the upper cover plate of the bearing pillow beam and the lower cover plate of the bearing pillow beam are arranged in parallel up and down, and the upper cover plate of the bearing pillow beam and the lower cover plate of the bearing pillow beam are arranged through longitudinally spaced spaces.
  • the webs of the load-bearing pillow beam are connected, and the webs of two adjacent load-bearing pillow beams are connected by the load-bearing pillow beam partition, and the upper cover plate of the load-bearing pillow beam and the load-bearing pillow beam
  • the inner side of the lower cover is connected to the outer web of the longitudinal beam, and the outer edge of the upper cover of the load-bearing pillow beam and the outer edge of the lower cover of the load-bearing pillow beam pass through The load-bearing pillow beam sealing plate is connected.
  • the heart plate seat includes a heart plate seat upper cover plate, a heart plate seat lower cover plate, a heart plate seat web, a heart plate seat partition, and a heart plate seat central tube. Plates are arranged up and down in parallel with the lower plate of the heart plate seat, and the upper plate of the heart plate seat and the lower plate of the heart plate are connected by the heart plate seat webs arranged at longitudinal intervals. The upper end of the center plate of the center plate is connected to the middle of the bottom surface of the upper plate of the heart plate, and the lower end of the center tube of the center plate is connected to the middle of the top surface of the lower plate of the heart plate.
  • Heart plate pin insertion holes are provided on the lower cover plate at positions corresponding to the lower port of the center plate seat central tube, and two longitudinal sides of the heart plate seat upper cover plate are connected to the inner webs of the two longitudinal beams, respectively.
  • the two longitudinal sides of the lower plate of the core plate seat are respectively connected with the lower cover plates of the two longitudinal beams, and the outer wall of the central tube of the heart plate seat and the web of the heart plate seat pass through the
  • the core plate base plate is connected, and the outer wall of the core plate base tube and the inner webs of the two longitudinal beams are also connected by the core plate base plate.
  • a coupler seat is provided between the front ends of the two longitudinal beams, and a tightly connected coupler is installed in the coupler seat through a coupler pin.
  • a coupler seat is provided between the front ends of the two longitudinal beams, and a close-coupled coupler is installed in the coupler seat through the coupler bolt, which facilitates the connection between the two vehicle bodies.
  • the close-coupled coupler includes a hook body and a hook tongue, and a hook body cavity is provided at a position of the hook body corresponding to a hook head of the hook body, and the hook body cavity further includes a hook head connection cavity and Hook tongue rotation cavity, the hook tongue is rotatable installed in the hook tongue rotation cavity, and the close-coupled coupling coupler further includes an operating lever, a return spring, and a return spring mounting bolt.
  • the hook is connected, the middle part of the operating lever is connected to one end of the return spring, the other end of the return spring is connected to the return spring mounting bolt, and the return spring mounting bolt is installed on the hook body, so
  • the hook tail of the hook body is provided with a coupler connection pin hole that cooperates with the coupler pin, and the coupler tail is installed in the coupler seat through the coupler connection pin hole and the coupler pin.
  • the manual operation of the operating lever is used to achieve the connection and unhook of this close-connected coupler, which not only meets the requirements of the marshalling of the freight car, but also greatly reduces the cost; at the same time, because the tail of the hook directly passes through the hook connection pin hole and the hook bolt Installed in the coupler seat, so the structure is simple and compact, safe and reliable.
  • a handle is provided at the other end of the operating lever.
  • the added handle facilitates the operation of the joystick.
  • a middle portion of the operating lever is provided with an operating lever retaining lever with an operating lever retaining groove
  • the hook body is provided with an operating lever retaining pin that cooperates with the operating lever retaining groove
  • the locking lever of the operating lever can Restricting the return spring to pull the hook tongue to rotate can realize the direct separation of the two couplers, which facilitates the decoupling of the close-connected coupler.
  • one end of the operating lever connected to the hook tongue is provided with a thread, and the threaded end of the operating lever passes through the hook tongue and is connected to the hook tongue by a nut.
  • an anti-rotation locking block is provided on a position of the operating lever corresponding to the thread, and an anti-rotation locking slot is provided at a corresponding position on the hook tongue to cooperate with the anti-rotation locking block.
  • the additional anti-rotation clamping block can effectively prevent the operation lever from rotating, thereby further facilitating the operation.
  • a return spring connecting pin is provided in the middle of the operating lever, and the operating lever is connected to the return spring through the return spring connecting pin.
  • the return spring is installed by adopting the structure of the return spring connecting pin, which facilitates assembly and maintenance.
  • the technical solution further includes a close-connected coupling coupler supporting component, and two ends of the close-connected coupler coupling support are respectively connected to the front ends of the two longitudinal beams, and the close-connected coupler support is supported by the close-connected Connect to the middle of the coupler support assembly.
  • the additional close-coupled coupler support assembly improves the connection reliability and stability of the close-coupled coupler.
  • the close-connected coupling coupler supporting assembly includes a U-shaped supporting front plate, a U-shaped joist, two joist mountings, and two supporting springs.
  • the two ends of the supporting front plate are respectively installed on the front faces of the two longitudinal beams, and the two joist mounting bases are respectively installed on the two ends of the one supporting front plate.
  • a bracket spring is respectively installed in the two bracket mounting bases through a bracket pin, and two ends of the bracket are press-fitted on the upper ends of the two bracket springs, respectively. On the joist.
  • the additional supporting spring can effectively support the role of adjusting the height of the coupler.
  • a front slave plate seat and a rear slave plate seat are respectively provided on an inner web at the rear end of the side member, and the two longitudinal beams correspond to the front slave plate seat and the rear slave plate seat.
  • a coupler anti-jumping plate is provided at an upper position, and a coupler buffer device is installed between the front slave plate base and the rear slave plate base. The added coupler buffer device facilitates the connection between the car bodies.
  • a rear end plate is installed on the rear end surfaces of the two longitudinal beams, and an impact seat assembly for supporting the coupler buffer device is installed on the rear end plates.
  • the added impact seat assembly improves the connection reliability and stability of the coupler buffer device.
  • the impact base assembly includes a U-shaped impact base body and a coupler buffer device supporting beam, the impact base body is mounted on the rear plate and the opening of the impact base body is arranged downward
  • the coupler buffer device supporting beam is installed at the opening of the impact base body, and the coupler buffer device rests on the coupler buffer device supporting beam.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an assembly structure of a public-rail vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view from another perspective of FIG. 1; FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another perspective structure of FIG. 1; FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of still another perspective of FIG. 1; FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a frame with a close-connected coupler and a coupler buffer device
  • FIG. 5a and FIG. 5 are enlarged structural diagrams near the airbag mounting seat
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of FIG. 5 from another perspective
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of another perspective structure of FIG. 5; FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of still another perspective of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle frame
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of FIG. 9 from another perspective
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic view of another perspective structure of FIG. 9; FIG.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of still another perspective of FIG. 9; FIG.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a longitudinal section of the vehicle frame
  • FIG. 14 is a structural schematic diagram of a bearing pillow beam
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural view of FIG. 14 from another perspective; FIG.
  • 16 is a structural schematic diagram of a positional relationship between a bogie connecting seat and a bogie limit clamping plate
  • 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a secondary rubber spring connection base
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural view of a cardiac disc seat
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of FIG. 18;
  • 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a close-connected coupler supporting component
  • 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a suspension
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic view of the structure of FIG. 21 from another perspective
  • 23 is a structural schematic diagram when the suspension is in a highway bearing position
  • FIG. 24 is a structural schematic diagram when the suspension is in a railway hanging position after lifting
  • 25 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-axle bogie
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic structural view of FIG. 25 from another perspective
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of a brake assembly
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic structural diagram of a close-coupled coupler
  • FIG. 29 is a schematic structural view from another perspective of FIG. 28; FIG.
  • FIG. 30 is an exploded schematic view of a close-connected coupler
  • 31 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a close-coupled coupler
  • FIG. 32 is a schematic structural diagram of an initial state when two closely-connected coupling couplers are docked
  • FIG. 34 is an axial side view of FIG. 33; FIG.
  • FIG. 35 is a schematic structural diagram of a hook tongue.
  • a public-rail vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a frame 1, a suspension 2, and a single-axle bogie 3.
  • the frame 1 includes two longitudinal beams 1a arranged in parallel, and the two longitudinal beams 1a are connected by a longitudinal beam connecting plate 1b.
  • a lifting airbag mounting seat 1c is provided between the two longitudinal beams 1a.
  • a lower airbag cover 1a1 of the longitudinal beam 1a is provided with a bearing airbag insertion hole at a position corresponding to the lifting airbag mounting seat 1c.
  • An airbag mounting seat 1d is installed in the insertion hole.
  • a load-bearing pillow beam 1e is installed on the outside of the longitudinal beam 1a.
  • the suspension 2 includes an axle assembly 2a, a lifting airbag 2b is installed in the middle of the front end of the axle assembly 2a, and two sides of the rear end of the axle assembly 2a are respectively installed There is a first stage airbag 2c.
  • the top surfaces of the two primary load-bearing airbags 2c are respectively mounted with a secondary load-bearing airbag 2e through a support seat 2d.
  • the top surface of the lift airbag 2b is mounted on the lift airbag mount 1c, and the top surface of the secondary load airbag 2e is mounted in the load airbag mount 1d.
  • the single-axle bogie 3 includes a frame 3a.
  • a shaft box 3b is installed at both ends of the bottom surface of the frame 3a, and an axle assembly 3c is installed between the two shaft boxes 3b.
  • a series of damping spring assemblies 3d are provided between the axle box 3b and the frame 3a, and a brake assembly 3e is installed at each end of the bottom surface of the frame 3a corresponding to the wheel of the axle assembly 3c.
  • a frame connecting component 3f is provided at each end of the top surface of the frame 3a, and the frame 3a is installed on the bottom surface of the load-bearing pillow beam 1e through the frame connecting component 3f.
  • the single-axle bogie 3 is fixedly installed on the frame 1 through the frame connection assembly 3f, and the suspension 2 is designed as a two-stage load-bearing airbag with a large stroke.
  • Suspension 2 directly lifts the single-axle bogie 3 off the rail track surface without the assistance of other equipment, which greatly improves the transfer time.
  • the company The dual-purpose vehicle only needs to be converted at the railway station with a hardened track bed suitable for the length of the car.
  • the track bed surface is at the same height as the track surface and can be gently transitioned to the ground, thereby greatly reducing the use of the railway station.
  • the load-bearing pillow beam 1e not only plays the role of carrying a container, but also connects the frame 1 and the uniaxial bogie 3; finally, the secondary airbag 2e is installed through the airbag mounting seat 1d In the longitudinal beam 1a, this can increase the stroke of the suspension 2 while making the structure more compact.
  • each of the load-bearing sleeper beams 1e corresponds to one of the single-axle bogies 3.
  • Frame 3; one of the lifting airbag mounting bases 1c and two of the carrying airbag mounting bases 1d are a group, and each group is correspondingly installed with one of the suspensions 2, in this embodiment, there are three suspensions 2 in total;
  • a bearing beam 1q is also installed on the outside of the longitudinal beam 1a, and the bearing beam 1q and the bearing pillow beam 1e are alternately installed on the longitudinal beam 1a along the longitudinal direction.
  • a connecting beam 1r is further installed between the bearing beam 1q at the front end of the longitudinal beam 1a and the bearing pillow beam 1e.
  • the bearing beam 1q at the front end of the longitudinal beam 1a and the bearing force Side beams 1s are connected at the outer end of the pillow beam 1e and the outer end of the connection beam 1r, between the load-bearing beam 1q at the front end of the longitudinal beam 1a and the connection beam 1r, and two adjacent beams.
  • a reinforcing beam 1t is provided between the connecting beams 1r.
  • a container locking device 8 is installed on the top surface of the bearing beam 1q.
  • the above-mentioned airbag mounting seat 1d includes an airbag mounting plate 1d1 and two airbag partitions 1d2 arranged opposite to each other.
  • the inner surfaces of the upper ends of the two airbag partitions 1d2 are respectively connected to the airbag.
  • the opposite sides of the mounting plate 1d1 are welded.
  • the load-bearing airbag mounting seat 1d is inserted into the load-bearing airbag insertion hole, and the load-bearing airbag mount 1d and the two webs of the side member 1a form a surrounding for mounting the secondary load-bearing airbag 2e. Carrying airbag installation cavity.
  • the airbag mounting plate 1d1 is arranged in parallel with the upper cover plate 1a3 of the side member 1a.
  • the lower ends of the two airbag partition plates 1d2 are respectively welded to the lower cover plate 1a1 of the side member 1a.
  • the lower ends of the plates 1d2 are also welded to the two webs 1a2 of the longitudinal beam 1a, respectively.
  • a guide groove 1d3 protruding outward is provided in a vertical direction, and two sides of the support seat 2d are respectively provided with the guide groove 1d3.
  • the upper cover of the side member 1a is provided with a bearing airbag mounting hole at a position corresponding to the bearing airbag mounting seat 1d.
  • the lifting airbag mounting base 1c includes a lifting airbag mounting plate 1c1 and two lifting airbag mounting reinforcing plates 1c2, and the two lifting airbag mounting reinforcing plates 1c2 are installed in parallel on the two side members 1a.
  • the lifting airbag mounting plate 1c1 is mounted on two pieces of the lifting airbag mounting reinforcing plate 1c2, and the lifting airbag mounting plate 1c1 is welded to the two longitudinal beams 1a.
  • the two additional airbag mounting reinforcement plates 1c2 ensure the stability of the installation of the airbag 2b.
  • a bogie connecting seat 1f with a U-shaped structure is provided on the bottom surface of the above-mentioned bearing pillow beam 1e, and a bottom of the bogie connecting seat 1f is provided with a bogie connecting long hole 1f1 in the longitudinal direction.
  • a bogie stopper plate 1g is provided at each end of the bogie connection seat 1f.
  • a core disc seat 1h (FIGS. 11-12) is provided at a position corresponding to the load-bearing pillow beam 1e for mounting a core disc pin of the uniaxial bogie 3.
  • the frame connection assembly 3f includes a frame connection plate 3f1, and a middle portion of the frame connection plate 3f1 is provided with a frame limit connection seat 3f2 protruding upward, and the frame The limit connection seat 3f2 is a square cavity structure.
  • the top surface of the frame limit connection seat 3f2 is provided with a frame connection long hole 3f3 in the longitudinal direction.
  • the frame connection long hole 3f3 is inserted with a I-shaped limit in the position.
  • a connector 3f4 the upper connector of the I-shaped connector 3f4 is inserted into the bogie connection slot 1f1 in a limited position, and the two ends of the upper connector of the I-shaped connector 3f4 are respectively connected to the bogie.
  • the seat 1f is fixedly connected, and the frame limit connection seat 3f2 of the square cavity structure is clamped between two pieces of the bogie limit card 1g.
  • the core plate pin 3a1 on the frame 3a is inserted into the core plate seat 1h.
  • the U-shaped bogie connecting seat 1f added on the bottom surface of the bearing pillow beam 1e facilitates the connection of the frame connecting component 3f; at the same time, the additional bogie limit clamping plate 1g is connected to the frame limit
  • the cooperation between the seats 3f2 prevents the bogie from rotating too much, further ensuring the reliability of the connection between the frame 1 and the single-axle bogie 3; moreover, the additional core disc seat 1h can ensure the longitudinal traction of the train and The transmission of the longitudinal braking force further ensures the reliability of the connection between the frame 1 and the uniaxial bogie 3.
  • the two ends of the frame connecting plate 3f1 in the longitudinal direction are respectively fitted with a second series rubber spring assembly 3g
  • the second series rubber spring assembly 3g includes a second series rubber spring mounting plate 3g1 and a second series rubber
  • the spring 3g2 the lower end of the second series rubber spring 3g2 is clamped on the frame connecting plate 3f1, and the upper end of the second series rubber spring 3g2 is vulcanized on the second series rubber spring mounting plate 3g1.
  • the additional 2g rubber spring assembly 3g can play a role in attenuating the vertical action force, and it can also play a supporting role. As shown in Figs.
  • the bottom surface of the load-bearing pillow beam 1e is provided with a U-shaped secondary rubber spring connector 1i at a position corresponding to the secondary rubber spring mounting plate 3g1.
  • the bottom surface of the rubber spring connection seat 1i is connected to the second-system rubber spring mounting plate 3g1.
  • Reinforced connecting ribs 1f1 and 1i1 are respectively provided on the top surface of the bogie connecting seat 1f and the top surface of the second series rubber spring connecting seat 1i, and the reinforcing connecting ribs are also welded to the bottom surface of the bearing pillow beam 1e.
  • a reinforcing rib 1g1 is also provided on the outer side wall of the bogie limit clamping plate 1g.
  • Reinforcing connecting ribs are respectively provided on the top surface of the bogie connecting base 1f and the top surface of the secondary rubber spring connecting base 1i, and the reinforcing connecting ribs are also welded to the bottom surface of the bearing pillow beam 1e.
  • Reinforcing ribs are also provided on the outer side wall of the plate 1g to ensure the structural strength, which further improves the reliability of the connection between the frame 1 and the uniaxial bogie 3.
  • the above-mentioned I-shaped connector 3f4 is fixedly connected to the bogie connecting seat 1f by bolts.
  • the bogie When the vehicle is running on the highway, the bogie is lifted off the rail track surface by the I-shaped connector 3f4; when the vehicle is running on the railway, the secondary rubber The spring is compressed, the distance between the frame and the bogie is shortened, the I-shaped connector 3f4 extends into the cavity of the frame limit connection seat 3f2, and does not contact the bogie, which will not affect the steering function of the bogie and avoid wear. .
  • the I-shaped connector 3f4 is inserted into the frame limit connector 3f2 and the bogie connector 1f in the direction of the cavity opening of the frame limit connector 3f2, and then rotated 90 ° around the vertical direction to connect with the bobbin connector 1f. Bolted. In this way, if the bolt fails, the I-shaped connector 3f4 will not be disconnected from the bogie connection seat 1f, which improves the structural safety.
  • the brake assembly 3e includes a unit brake 3e1 and a brake vertical mounting plate 3e2, and an upper end of the brake vertical mounting plate 3e2 is mounted on a bottom surface of the frame 3a corresponding to a wheel of the axle assembly 3c.
  • the unit brake 3e1 is mounted on the lower end of the brake vertical mounting plate 3e2, and the brake shoes of the unit brake 3e1 are arranged toward the wheels of the axle assembly 3c.
  • the above-mentioned bearing pillow beam 1e includes a bearing pillow beam upper cover plate 1e1, a bearing pillow beam lower cover plate 1e2, a bearing pillow beam sealing plate 1e3, a bearing pillow beam web 1e4, and a bearing pillow.
  • the load-bearing pillow beam upper cover plate 1e1 and the load-bearing pillow beam lower cover plate 1e2 are arranged in parallel up and down, and the load-bearing pillow beam upper cover plate 1e1 and the load-bearing pillow beam lower cover plate 1e2 pass along
  • the bearing pillow beam webs 1e4 arranged at longitudinal intervals are connected, and the two adjacent bearing pillow beam webs 1e4 are connected through the bearing pillow beam partition 1e5.
  • Both the inner side edges of the load-bearing pillow beam upper cover plate 1e1 and the load-bearing pillow beam upper cover plate 1e2 are connected to the outer web of the longitudinal beam 1a.
  • a side edge is connected to an outer edge of the load-bearing pillow beam lower cover plate 1e2 through the load-bearing pillow beam sealing plate 1e3.
  • the aforementioned disc holder 1h includes a disc holder upper cover 1h1, a disc holder lower cover 1h2, a disc holder web 1h3, a disc holder septum 1h4, and a disc holder central tube 1h5 .
  • the upper cover plate 1h1 and the lower cover plate 1h2 are arranged in parallel up and down, and the upper cover plate 1h1 and the lower cover plate 1h2 are arranged at longitudinal intervals.
  • the heart plate seat web 1h3 is connected, the upper end of the heart plate seat central tube 1h5 is connected to the middle of the bottom surface of the heart plate seat upper cover plate 1h1, and the lower end of the heart plate seat central tube 1h5 is connected to the heart plate
  • the middle part of the top surface of the lower seat cover 1h2 is connected, and the central plate seat lower cover 1h2 is provided with a central plate pin insertion hole 1h6 at a position corresponding to the lower port of the central plate seat central tube 1h5.
  • the two longitudinal sides of the upper plate 1h1 of the core plate are connected to the inner webs of the two longitudinal beams 1a, and the two longitudinal sides of the lower plate 1h2 of the heart plate are connected to the two longitudinal plates, respectively.
  • the lower cover plate of the beam 1a is connected, and the outer wall of the center plate seat central tube 1h5 and the heart plate seat web 1h3 are connected through the heart plate seat partition 1h4, and the outer wall of the heart plate seat central tube 1h5
  • the inner webs of the two longitudinal beams 1a are also connected by the core plate seat partition 1h4.
  • the core plate base plate 1h4 is set, which greatly improves the strength of the core plate base 1h.
  • a coupler seat 1j (FIG. 5-6) is provided between the front ends of the two longitudinal beams 1a, and a tightly connected coupler 4 is installed in the coupler seat 1j through a coupler pin.
  • a coupler seat 1j is added between the front ends of the two longitudinal beams 1a, and a close-fitting connection coupler 4 is installed in the coupler seat 1j through a coupler pin, thereby facilitating the connection between the two vehicle bodies.
  • the close-coupled coupler 4 includes a hook body 4a and a hook tongue 4b.
  • the hook body 4a is provided with a hook inner cavity 4c at a position corresponding to the hook head of the hook body 4a.
  • the hook inner cavity 4c further includes a hook head connection cavity 4c1 and a hook tongue rotation cavity 4c2, and the hook tongue 4b is rotatably installed in the hook tongue rotation cavity 4c2.
  • the close-coupled coupler 4 further includes an operation lever 4d, a return spring 4e, and a return spring mounting bolt 4f.
  • One end of the operation lever 4d is connected to the hook tongue 4b, and a middle portion of the operation lever 4d is connected to the return spring.
  • One end of 4e is connected, and the other end of the return spring 4e is connected to the return spring mounting bolt 4f.
  • the return spring mounting bolt 4f is installed on the hook body 4a, and a hook tail of the hook body 4a is provided.
  • a coupler connection pin hole 4g that cooperates with the coupler pin, and the hook tail is installed in the coupler seat 1j through the coupler connection pin hole 4g and the coupler pin.
  • the manual operation of the operating lever 4d is used to realize the connection and uncoupling of the close connection coupler 4, which not only meets the requirements of the marshalling of the freight car, but also greatly reduces the cost.
  • the tail of the hook passes directly through the coupler connection pin hole 4g
  • the coupling pin is installed in the coupler seat 1j, so the structure is simple, compact, safe and reliable.
  • a handle 4h is provided at the other end of the operation lever 4d.
  • the additional handle 4h facilitates the operation of the operation lever 4d.
  • the middle part of the operating lever 4d is provided with an operating lever retaining lever 4j with an operating lever retaining groove 4i, and the hook body 4a is provided with an operating lever retaining pin 4k that cooperates with the operating lever retaining groove 4i.
  • the operation lever card latch 4k has two insertion positions, that is, one card connection position and one avoidance position (two hole positions in FIG. 34). When two closely-connected coupling couplers 4 are connected, the operation lever card is locked. The position latch 4k is inserted in the avoidance position to prevent the operation lever latch 4k from interfering with the operation lever latch 4j.
  • the end of the operation lever 4d connected to the hook tongue 4b is provided with a thread, and the threaded end of the operation lever 4d passes through the hook tongue 4b and is connected to the hook tongue 4b through a nut.
  • An anti-rotation locking block 4m is provided on the operating lever 4d at a position corresponding to the thread, and a corresponding position on the hook tongue 4b is provided with an anti-rotation locking slot matching the anti-rotation clamping block 4m.
  • the additional anti-rotation clamping block 4m can effectively prevent the operation lever 4d from rotating, thereby further facilitating the operation.
  • a return spring connecting pin 4n is provided in the middle of the operation lever 4d, and the operation lever 4d is connected to the return spring 4e through the return spring connecting pin 4n.
  • the return spring 4e is installed by using the structure of the return spring connecting pin 4n, which facilitates assembly and maintenance.
  • This embodiment further includes a close-connected coupling coupler support assembly 5, both ends of which are connected to the front ends of the two longitudinal beams 1a, respectively, and the close-connected coupler 4 is supported at
  • the tightly-connected coupling coupler supporting assembly 5 is on the middle part.
  • the additional close connection coupler supporting assembly 5 improves the connection reliability and stability of the close connection coupler 4.
  • the close-coupled coupling coupler supporting assembly 5 includes a U-shaped supporting front plate 5a, a U-shaped supporting beam 5b, two joist mounting bases 5c, and two supporting Spring 5d.
  • the two ends of the one supporting front plate 5a are respectively installed on the front faces of the two longitudinal beams 1a, and the two joist mounting bases 5c are respectively installed on the two ends of the one supporting front plate 5a.
  • the two supporting springs 5d are respectively installed in the two joist mounting bases 5c through supporting pins, and both ends of the joist 5b are press-fitted on the upper ends of the two supporting springs 5d, respectively.
  • the close-connecting coupler 4 is supported on the joist 5b.
  • the additional support spring 5d can effectively support the role of adjusting the height of the coupler.
  • a front slave plate base 1k and a rear slave plate base 1m are respectively provided on the inner web at the rear end of the longitudinal beam 1a, and the two longitudinal beams 1a correspond to the front slave plate base 1k.
  • a coupler anti-jump plate 1n is provided at a position above the rear slave plate base 1m, and a coupler buffer device 6 is installed between the front slave plate base 1k and the rear slave plate base 1m.
  • An additional coupler buffer device 6 facilitates the connection between the vehicle bodies.
  • a rear end plate 1p is installed on the rear end surfaces of the two longitudinal beams 1a, and an impact seat assembly 7 for supporting the coupler buffer device 6 is installed on the rear end plates 1p. The additional impact seat assembly 7 improves the connection reliability and stability of the coupler buffer device 6.
  • the impact base assembly 7 includes a U-shaped impact base body 7 a and a coupler buffer support beam 7 b.
  • the impact base body 7 a is mounted on the rear plate 1 p and the impact base body.
  • the opening of 7a is arranged downward, the coupler buffer device supporting beam 7b is installed at the opening of the impact seat body 7a, and the coupler buffer device 6 rests on the coupler buffer device supporting beam 7b.
  • the impact base body 7a as a U-shaped structure and sealing it with the coupler buffer device supporting beam 7b, this facilitates the installation and removal of the coupler buffer device 6.
  • the single-axle bogie 3 is fixedly installed on the frame 1 through the frame connection assembly 3f, and the suspension 2 is designed as a two-stage load-bearing airbag with a large stroke.
  • the single-axle bogie 3 is directly lifted off the rail track surface through the large-stroke suspension 2 without the assistance of other equipment, thereby greatly improving the transfer time. Because the utility vehicle does not need other equipment to assist in the transfer, so This dual-purpose vehicle only needs to be converted at a railway station with a hardened track bed suitable for the length of the car.
  • the track bed surface is at the same height as the track surface and can be gently transitioned to the ground, thereby greatly reducing the use of public railway stations.
  • bearing pillow beam 1e not only plays the role of carrying a container, but also connects the frame 1 and the uniaxial bogie 3; the secondary airbag 2e is installed in the longitudinal direction through the airbag mounting seat 1d Inside the beam 1a, this can increase the stroke of the suspension 2 while making the structure more compact.
  • the cooperation between the additional support seat guide 2d1 and the guide groove 1d3 can ensure the vertical and horizontal positioning of the airbag and stable operation; the two additional airbag installation reinforcement plates 1c2 ensure the installation of the airbag 2b
  • the U-shaped bogie connecting seat 1f is added to the bottom surface of the load-bearing pillow beam 1e to facilitate the connection of the frame connecting component 3f.
  • the additional bogie limit clamping plate 1g and the frame limit are added.
  • the added coupler buffer device 6 facilitates the connection between the car bodies; the added impact seat assembly 7 improves the connection reliability and stability of the coupler buffer device 6; by designing the impact seat body 7a into a U-shaped structure , And the coupler buffer device supporting beam 7b is used for sealing, which facilitates the installation and removal of the coupler buffer device 6.
  • the single-axle bogie is fixedly installed on the frame through the frame connection assembly, and the suspension is designed as a two-stage load-bearing airbag with a large stroke. In this way, when the railway is transported to the public road, the large-stroke suspension can be used.
  • the single-axle bogie is directly lifted off the rail surface without the assistance of other equipment, which greatly improves the transfer time;
  • the dual-purpose vehicle of the railway-railway transfer does not need other equipment to assist and cooperate, the dual-purpose vehicle of the railway-railway only needs to switch between the railway and the railway at a railway station with a hardened track bed suitable for the length of the vehicle. And can ease the transition to the ground, thereby greatly reducing the threshold for railway stations to use the public rail transit;
  • the bearing pillow beam not only plays the role of carrying the container, but also plays the role of connecting the frame with the single axle bogie;
  • the secondary airbag is installed in the longitudinal beam through the airbag mounting seat, which can increase the suspension stroke and make the structure more compact;
  • a U-shaped bogie connecting seat is added on the bottom surface of the bearing pillow beam to facilitate the connection of the frame connecting components
  • the additional core plate seat can ensure the transmission of the train's longitudinal traction and longitudinal braking force, and further ensure the reliability of the connection between the frame and the single axle bogie;
  • the additional secondary rubber spring assembly can play a role in attenuating the force of vertical action on the one hand, and it also plays a supporting role on the other hand;
  • the hook tail is installed in the coupler seat directly through the coupler connection pin hole and the coupler bolt, so the structure is simple, compact, safe and reliable;
  • the additional anti-rotation block can effectively prevent the operation lever from rotating, which further facilitates operation;
  • the additional close-coupled coupler supporting assembly improves the connection reliability and stability of the close-coupled coupler
  • the additional supporting spring can effectively support the role of adjusting the height of the coupler
  • the added coupler buffer device facilitates the connection between the car bodies
  • the added impact seat assembly improves the connection reliability and stability of the coupler buffer device
  • the impact seat body as a U-shaped structure, and using a coupler buffer device to support the beam sealing, this facilitates the installation and removal of the coupler buffer device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Seats For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种公铁两用车，包括车架(1)，车架(1)的两根纵梁(1a)之间设有提升气囊安装座(1c)，纵梁(1a)下盖板上开设有承载气囊插装孔，承载气囊插装孔内装有承载气囊安装座(1d)，纵梁(1a)外侧安装有承力枕梁(1e)；悬挂(2)包括前端中部装有提升气囊(2b)的车桥组件(2a)，车桥组件(2a)后端两侧分别装有一级承载气囊(2c)，两个一级承载气囊(2c)分别装有二级承载气囊(2e)，提升气囊(2b)装在提升气囊安装座(1c)上，二级承载气囊(2e)装在承载气囊安装座(1d)内；单轴转向架(3)包括构架(3a)，构架(3a)底面两端分别装有轴箱(3b)，轴箱(3b)与构架(3a)之间设有一系减振弹簧组件(3d)，构架(3a)顶面两端分别设有车架连接组件(3f)，构架(3a)通过车架连接组件(3f)装在承力枕梁(1e)底面上。公铁两用车适用于运输。

Description

一种公铁两用车
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2018年7月27日提交中国专利局的申请号为201810846327.9的发明专利申请和2018年7月27日提交中国专利局的申请号为201821211150.7的实用新型专利申请的优先权，该两件专利申请的公开内容在此通过引用合并至本申请中。
技术领域
本发明的实施例涉及道路运输领域，特别涉及一种公铁两用车。
背景技术
随着交通运输能力的发展，货主对货物送达时效性的要求越来越高，各国铁路不断致力于提高货物送达速度，努力形成货物送达的速度优势，并逐步形成以集装箱运输为代表的“门到门”运输。
目前，实现“门到门”运输的一种主要方式是集装箱的公铁联合运输，运输过程为：首先由公路汽车将集装箱由集散地运往铁路集装箱集结站场，然后铁路运输到集装箱分发站场，最后由公路汽车运输到收货场，其中公路运输集装箱一般使用公路集装箱半挂车运输，铁路运输集装箱一般使用集装箱平车或敞车运输。
近年开发的公铁两用车采用三车一组的单元车组编组方式，由3个公路集装箱半挂车、一位牵枕装配、二位牵枕装配、风手制动装置、车钩缓冲装置和2个独立的转向架组成；当用于铁路运输时，车组两端的公路集装箱半挂车端部分别与一位牵枕装配和二位牵枕装配连接，在牵枕装配端部及下部分别安装车钩缓冲装置和转向架，在中部公路集装箱半挂车下部分别安装转向架，并在一位牵枕装配上安装风手制动装置，可以实现公铁两用车的铁路运输；当用于公路运输时，公路集装箱半挂车脱离一位牵枕装配和二位牵枕装配，与公路牵引车连接形成汽车列车，实现公路运输。
这种分体式结构的公铁两用车在实际使用时存在以下问题：
1、公路转铁路运输时，需要增加一位牵枕装配、二位牵枕装配及转向架；铁路转公路运输时，需要卸去一位牵枕装配、二位牵枕装配及转向架，这样大大地增加了转运时间。
2、公铁两用车在公路和铁路运行模式相互转换时需要在专用的场地进行，并配备相应的搬运转向架的叉车，且转换场地必须有适合车长的硬化道床，道床面与轨面同高并能缓和过渡到地面上，而且参与公铁运输转换的铁路车站需设置专用的带转向架的牵枕装配存放场地，这样，能使用公铁转换的铁路车站数量会受到很大的限制。
发明内容
为了克服上述背景技术的不足，提供一种公铁两用车。
本发明实施例提供的公铁两用车包括车架、悬挂和单轴转向架，所述车架包括两根平行布置的纵梁，两根所述纵梁之间通过纵梁连接板相连，两根所述纵梁之间设有提升气囊安装座，所述纵梁的下盖板上对应所述提升气囊安装座的位置开设有承载气囊插装孔，所述承载气囊插装孔内安装有承载气囊安装座，所述纵梁的外侧安装有承力枕梁；
所述悬挂包括车桥组件，所述车桥组件的前端中部安装有一个提升气囊，所述车桥组件的后端两侧分别安装有一个一级承载气囊，两个所述一级承载气囊的顶面分别通过一个支承座安装有一个二级承载气囊，所述提升气囊的顶面安装在所述提升气囊安装座上，所述二级承载气囊的顶面安装在所述承载气囊安装座内；
所述单轴转向架包括构架，所述构架的底面两端分别安装有一个轴箱，两个所述轴箱之间安装有轮轴组件，所述轴箱与所述构架之间设有一系减振弹簧组件，所述构架的底面两端对应所述轮轴组件的车轮的位置分别安装有一个制动组件，所述构架的顶面两端分别设有一个车架连接组件，所述构架通过所述车架连接组件安装在所述承力枕梁的底面上。
通过车架连接组件将单轴转向架固定安装在车架上，并通过将悬挂设计成大行程的两级承载气囊，这样，在铁路运输转公共路运输时，可通过大行程的悬挂直接将单轴转向架提离铁轨轨面，无需其他设备协助配合，从而大大地提高了转运时间；同时，由于本公铁两用车转运时，无需其他设备协助配合，所以本公铁两用车只需在有适合车长的硬化道床的铁路车站进行公铁转换，道床面与轨面同高并能缓和过渡到地面上即可，从而大大地降低了铁路车站使用公铁转换的门槛；而且，承力枕梁不仅起到承载集装箱的作用，而且还起到连接车架与单轴转向架的作用；最后，通过承载气囊安装座将二级承载气囊安装在纵梁内，这样能在增大悬挂的行程的同时，使结构更紧凑。
根据一些实施例，所述承载气囊安装座包括一块气囊安装板和两块相对布置的气囊隔板，两块所述气囊隔板的上端内表面分别与所述气囊安装板的相对两侧边焊接，所述承载气囊安装座插装在所述承载气囊插装孔内且所述承载气囊安装座与所述纵梁的两腹板围成一个用于安装所述二级承载气囊的承载气囊安装腔体，所述气囊安装板与所述纵梁的上盖板平行布置，两块所述气囊隔板的下端分别与所述纵梁的下盖板焊接，两块所述气囊隔板的下端还分别与所述纵梁的两腹板焊接，两块所述气囊隔板的中部沿竖直方向设有向外凸出的导向凹槽，所述支承座的两侧分别设有与所述导向凹槽相配合的支承座导向部，所述纵梁的上盖板上对应所述承载气囊安装座的位置开设有承载气囊安装孔，所述二级承载气囊的顶面安装在所述气囊安装板上，所述支承座导向部活动插装在对应的所述导向凹槽内。加设的支承座导向部与导向凹槽之间的相互配合，能保障承载气囊的纵横向定位并稳定运行。
根据一些实施例，所述提升气囊安装座包括一块提升气囊安装板和两块提升气囊安装加强板，两块所述提升气囊安装加强板平行安装在两根所述纵梁之间，所述提升气囊安装板安装在两块所述提升气囊安装加强板上，且所述提升气囊安装板与两根所述纵梁焊接。加设的两块提升气囊安装加强板确保了提升气囊安装的稳固性。
根据一些实施例，所述承力枕梁的底面上设有U形结构的转向架连接座，所述转向架连接座的底面沿纵向设有转向架连接长孔，所述转向架连接座的两端分别设有一块转向架限位卡板，两根所述纵梁之间对应所述承力枕梁的位置设有用于安装所述单轴转向架的心盘销的心盘座；所述车架连接组件包括一个车架连接板，所述车架连接板的中部设有向上凸起的车架限位连接座，所述车架限位连接座为方形空腔结构，所述车架限位连接座的顶面沿纵向设有车架连接长孔，所述车架连接长孔内限位插装有工字连接件，所述工字连接件的上连接头限位插装在所述转向架连接长孔内且所述工字连接件的上连接头两端分别与所述转向架连接座固定连接，方形空腔结构的所述车架限位连接座卡装在两块所述转向架限位卡板之间，所述构架上的心盘销插装在所述心盘座内。
通过在承力枕梁的底面上加设的U形结构的转向架连接座方便了车架连接组件的连接；同时，加设的转向架限位卡板与车架限位连接座之间的配合，防止转向架转动量过大，进一步地确保了车架与单轴转向架之间连接的可靠性；再且，加设的心盘座能保证列 车纵向牵引力和纵向制动力的传递，更进一步地确保了车架与单轴转向架之间连接的可靠性。
根据一些实施例，所述车架连接板的纵向两端分别卡装有一个二系橡胶弹簧组件，所述二系橡胶弹簧组件包括二系橡胶弹簧安装板和二系橡胶弹簧，所述二系橡胶弹簧下端卡装在所述车架连接板上，所述二系橡胶弹簧上端硫化在所述二系橡胶弹簧安装板上。加设的二系橡胶弹簧组件一方面能起到衰减垂向动作用力的作用，另一方面还起到支撑作用。
根据一些实施例，所述承力枕梁的底面上对应所述二系橡胶弹簧安装板的位置设有U形结构的二系橡胶弹簧连接座，所述二系橡胶弹簧连接座的底面与所述二系橡胶弹簧安装板相连。通过在承力枕梁的底面上加设U形结构的二系橡胶弹簧连接座，这样方便了二系橡胶弹簧安装板的安装固定。
根据一些实施例，所述转向架连接座的顶面和所述二系橡胶弹簧连接座的顶面分别设有加强连接筋，所述加强连接筋还与所述承力枕梁的底面焊接，所述转向架限位卡板的外侧壁上也设有加强筋。通过在转向架连接座的顶面和二系橡胶弹簧连接座的顶面分别加设加强连接筋，且加强连接筋还与承力枕梁的底面焊接，再在转向架限位卡板的外侧壁上也加设加强筋，保证了结构强度，这样更进一步地提高了车架与单轴转向架之间连接的可靠性。
根据一些实施例，所述制动组件包括单元制动器和制动器竖直安装板，所述制动器竖直安装板的上端安装在所述构架的底面上对应所述轮轴组件的车轮的位置，所述单元制动器安装在所述制动器竖直安装板的下端上，所述单元制动器的闸瓦朝向所述轮轴组件的车轮布置。通过采用单元制动器作为制动，这样能有效简化制动管路的布置，且结构更紧凑，安装更方便。
根据一些实施例，所述承力枕梁包括承力枕梁上盖板、承力枕梁下盖板、承力枕梁封板、承力枕梁腹板和承力枕梁隔板，所述承力枕梁上盖板与所述承力枕梁下盖板上下平行布置，所述承力枕梁上盖板与所述承力枕梁下盖板之间通过沿纵向间隔布置的所述承力枕梁腹板相连，相邻两块所述承力枕梁腹板之间通过所述承力枕梁隔板相连，所述承力枕梁上盖板和所述承力枕梁下盖板的内侧边均与所述纵梁的外侧腹板相连，所述承力枕梁上盖板的外侧边与所述承力枕梁下盖板的外侧边之间通过所述承力枕梁封板相连。
根据一些实施例，所述心盘座包括心盘座上盖板、心盘座下盖板、心盘座腹板、心盘座隔板和心盘座中心管，所述心盘座上盖板与所述心盘座下盖板上下平行布置，所述心盘座上盖板与所述心盘座下盖板之间通过沿纵向间隔布置的所述心盘座腹板相连，所述心盘座中心管的上端与所述心盘座上盖板的底面中部相连，所述心盘座中心管的下端与所述心盘座下盖板的顶面中部相连，所述心盘座下盖板上对应所述心盘座中心管下端口的位置设有心盘销插装孔，所述心盘座上盖板的两纵侧边分别与两根所述纵梁的内侧腹板相连，所述心盘座下盖板的两纵侧边分别与两根所述纵梁的下盖板相连，所述心盘座中心管的外壁与所述心盘座腹板之间通过所述心盘座隔板相连，所述心盘座中心管的外壁与两根所述纵梁的内侧腹板之间也通过所述心盘座隔板相连。
通过在心盘座中心管的外壁与心盘座腹板之间加设心盘座隔板，并在心盘座中心管的外壁与两根纵梁的内侧腹板之间也加设心盘座隔板，这样大大地提高了心盘座的强度。
根据一些实施例，两根所述纵梁的前端之间设有车钩座，所述车钩座内通过车钩插销安装有密接式连接车钩。通过在两根纵梁的前端之间加设车钩座，并通过车钩插销在 车钩座内安装密接式连接车钩，这样方便了两个车体之间的连接。
根据一些实施例，所述密接式连接车钩包括钩体和钩舌，所述钩体内对应所述钩体的钩头的位置设有钩体内腔，所述钩体内腔又包括钩头连接腔和钩舌旋转腔，所述钩舌可自转地安装在所述钩舌旋转腔内，所述密接式连接车钩还包括操作杆、复位弹簧和复位弹簧安装螺栓，所述操作杆的一端与所述钩舌相连，所述操作杆的中部与所述复位弹簧的一端相连，所述复位弹簧的另一端与所述复位弹簧安装螺栓相连，所述复位弹簧安装螺栓安装在所述钩体上，所述钩体的钩尾处设有与所述车钩插销相配合的车钩连接销孔，所述钩尾通过所述车钩连接销孔和所述车钩插销安装在所述车钩座内。
通过采用手动方式操作操作杆来实现本密接式连接车钩的连接和解钩，这样既符合货运车的编组使用要求，又大大地降低了成本；同时，由于钩尾直接通过车钩连接销孔和车钩插销安装在车钩座内，所以结构简单紧凑，安全可靠。
根据一些实施例，所述操作杆的另一端设有拉手。加设的拉手方便了操作杆的操作。
根据一些实施例，所述操作杆的中部设有带操作杆卡位槽的操作杆卡位杆，所述钩体上设有与所述操作杆卡位槽相配合的操作杆卡位插销。
通过在操作杆的中部加设带操作杆卡位槽的操作杆卡位杆，并在钩体上加设操作杆卡位插销，这样在密接式连接车钩解钩时，操作杆卡位插销能限制复位弹簧拉动钩舌回转，可实现两个车钩直接分离，方便了密接式连接车钩的脱钩。
根据一些实施例，所述操作杆与所述钩舌相连的一端设有螺纹，所述操作杆的螺纹端穿过所述钩舌并通过螺母与所述钩舌相连。
根据一些实施例，所述操作杆上对应所述螺纹的位置设有防转动卡块，所述钩舌上对应的位置设有与所述防转动卡块相配合的防转动卡槽。加设的防转动卡块能有效地防止操作杆发生自转，从而进一步地方便了操作。
根据一些实施例，所述操作杆的中部设有复位弹簧连接销，所述操作杆通过所述复位弹簧连接销与所述复位弹簧相连。通过采用复位弹簧连接销的结构来安装复位弹簧，这样方便了组装和维护。
本技术方案还包括密接式连接车钩承托组件，所述密接式连接车钩承托组件的两端分别与两根所述纵梁的前端相连，所述密接式连接车钩承托在所述密接式连接车钩承托组件的中部上。加设的密接式连接车钩承托组件提高了密接式连接车钩的连接可靠性和稳定性。
根据一些实施例，所述密接式连接车钩承托组件包括一块U形结构的承托前端板、一根U形结构的托梁、两个托梁安装座和两个承托弹簧，所述一块承托前端板的两端分别安装在两根所述纵梁的前端面上，所述两个托梁安装座分别对应安装在所述一块承托前端板的两端上，所述两个承托弹簧分别通过承托销安装在所述两个托梁安装座内，所述托梁两端分别压装在所述两个承托弹簧的上端上，所述密接式连接车钩承托在所述托梁上。加设的承托弹簧能有效地起到支承调节车钩高度的作用。
根据一些实施例，所述纵梁后端的内侧腹板上分别设有前从板座和后从板座，两根所述纵梁之间对应所述前从板座和所述后从板座上方的位置设有车钩防跳板，所述前从板座与所述后从板座之间安装有车钩缓冲装置。加设的车钩缓冲装置方便了车体之间的连接。
根据一些实施例，两根所述纵梁后端面上安装有后端板，所述后端板上安装有用于承托所述车钩缓冲装置的冲击座组件。加设的冲击座组件提高了车钩缓冲装置的连接可靠性和稳定性。
根据一些实施例，所述冲击座组件包括U形结构的冲击座本体和车钩缓冲装置承托梁，所述冲击座本体安装在所述后端板上且所述冲击座本体的开口朝下布置，所述车钩缓冲装置承托梁安装在所述冲击座本体的开口处，所述车钩缓冲装置搁置在所述车钩缓冲装置承托梁上。通过将冲击座本体设计成U形结构，并用车钩缓冲装置承托梁封口，这样方便了车钩缓冲装置的安装和拆卸。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的一个实施例的公铁两用车的总装结构示意图；
图2是图1的另一视角结构示意图；
图3是图1的又一视角结构示意图；
图4是图1的再一视角结构示意图；
图5是带密接式连接车钩和车钩缓冲装置的车架的结构示意图；
图5a图5中承载气囊安装座附近的放大结构图；
图6是图5的另一视角结构示意图；
图7是图5的又一视角结构示意图；
图8是图5的再一视角结构示意图；
图9是车架的结构示意图；
图10是图9的另一视角结构示意图；
图11是图9的又一视角结构示意图；
图12是图9的再一视角结构示意图；
图13是车架的纵向截面结构示意图；
图14是承力枕梁的结构示意图；
图15是图14的另一视角结构示意图；
图16是转向架连接座与转向架限位卡板的位置关系结构示意图；
图17是二系橡胶弹簧连接座的结构示意图；
图18是心盘座的结构示意图；
图19是图18的剖面结构示意图；
图20是密接式连接车钩承托组件的结构示意图；
图21是悬挂的结构示意图；
图22是图21的另一视角结构示意图；
图23是悬挂处于公路承载位置时的结构示意图；
图24是悬挂处于提升后铁路吊挂位置时的结构示意图；
图25是单轴转向架的结构示意图；
图26是图25的另一视角结构示意图；
图27是制动组件的结构示意图；
图28是密接式连接车钩的结构示意图；
图29是图28的另一视角结构示意图；
图30是密接式连接车钩的爆炸结构示意图；
图31是密接式连接车钩的剖面结构示意图；
图32是两个密接式连接车钩的对接时的初始状态结构示意图；
图33是两个密接式连接车钩的对接完毕后的结构示意图；
图34是图33的轴侧图；
图35是钩舌的结构示意图。
图中，车架1，纵梁1a，纵梁下盖板1a1，纵梁腹板1a2，纵梁上盖板1a3，纵梁连接板1b，提升气囊安装座1c，提升气囊安装板1c1，提升气囊安装加强板1c2，承载气囊安装座1d，气囊安装板1d1，气囊隔板1d2，导向凹槽1d3，承力枕梁1e，承力枕梁上盖板1e1，承力枕梁下盖板1e2，承力枕梁封板1e3，承力枕梁腹板1e4，承力枕梁隔板1e5，转向架连接座1f，转向架连接长孔1f1，转向架限位卡板1g，心盘座1h，心盘座上盖板1h1，心盘座下盖板1h2，心盘座腹板1h3，心盘座隔板1h4，心盘座中心管1h5，心盘销插装孔1h6，二系橡胶弹簧连接座1i，车钩座1j，前从板座1k，后从板座1m，车钩防跳板1n，后端板1p，承力梁1q，连接梁1r，侧梁1s，加强梁1t，悬挂2，车桥组件2a，提升气囊2b，一级承载气囊2c，支承座2d，支承座导向部2d1，二级承载气囊2e，单轴转向架3，构架3a，心盘销3a1，轴箱3b，轮轴组件3c，一系减振弹簧组件3d，制动组件3e，单元制动器3e1，制动器竖直安装板3e2，车架连接组件3f，车架连接板3f1，车架限位连接座3f2，车架连接长孔3f3，工字连接件3f4，二系橡胶弹簧组件3g，二系橡胶弹簧安装板3g1，二系橡胶弹簧3g2，密接式连接车钩4，钩体4a，钩舌4b，钩体内腔4c，钩头连接腔4c1，钩舌旋转腔4c2，操作杆4d，复位弹簧4e，复位弹簧安装螺栓4f，车钩连接销孔4g，拉手4h，操作杆卡位槽4i，操作杆卡位杆4j，操作杆卡位插销4k，防转动卡块4m，复位弹簧连接销4n，密接式连接车钩承托组件5，承托前端板5a，托梁5b，托梁安装座5c，承托弹簧5d，车钩缓冲装置6，冲击座组件7，冲击座本体7a，车钩缓冲装置承托梁7b，集装箱锁紧装置8。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
如图1～35所示，本发明的一个实施例提供的一种公铁两用车包括车架1、悬挂2和单轴转向架3。所述车架1包括两根平行布置的纵梁1a，两根所述纵梁1a之间通过纵梁连接板1b相连。两根所述纵梁1a之间设有提升气囊安装座1c，所述纵梁1a的下盖板1a1上对应所述提升气囊安装座1c的位置开设有承载气囊插装孔，所述承载气囊插装孔内安装有承载气囊安装座1d。所述纵梁1a的外侧安装有承力枕梁1e。
具体地，如图21～24所示，所述悬挂2包括车桥组件2a，所述车桥组件2a的前端中部安装有一个提升气囊2b，所述车桥组件2a的后端两侧分别安装有一个一级承载气囊2c。两个所述一级承载气囊2c的顶面分别通过一个支承座2d安装有一个二级承载气囊2e。所述提升气囊2b的顶面安装在所述提升气囊安装座1c上，所述二级承载气囊2e的顶面安装在所述承载气囊安装座1d内。
如图25～27所示，所述单轴转向架3包括构架3a，所述构架3a的底面两端分别安装有一个轴箱3b，两个所述轴箱3b之间安装有轮轴组件3c，所述轴箱3b与所述构架3a之间设有一系减振弹簧组件3d，所述构架3a的底面两端对应所述轮轴组件3c的车轮的位置分别安装有一个制动组件3e，所述构架3a的顶面两端分别设有一个车架连接组件3f， 所述构架3a通过所述车架连接组件3f安装在所述承力枕梁1e的底面上。
通过车架连接组件3f将单轴转向架3固定安装在车架1上，并通过将悬挂2设计成大行程的两级承载气囊，这样，在铁路运输转公路运输时，可通过大行程的悬挂2直接将单轴转向架3提离铁轨轨面，无需其他设备协助配合，从而大大地提高了转运时间；同时，由于本公铁两用车转运时，无需其他设备协助配合，所以本公铁两用车只需在有适合车长的硬化道床的铁路车站进行公铁转换，道床面与轨面同高并能缓和过渡到地面上即可，从而大大地降低了铁路车站使用公铁转换的门槛；而且，承力枕梁1e不仅起到承载集装箱的作用，而且还起到连接车架1与单轴转向架3的作用；最后，通过承载气囊安装座1d将二级承载气囊2e安装在纵梁1a内，这样能在增大悬挂2的行程的同时，使结构更紧凑。
上述承力枕梁1e一共四根，每两根为一组，每一组所述承力枕梁1e对应安装一个所述单轴转向架3，本实施例中一共两个所述单轴转向架3；一个所述提升气囊安装座1c与两个所述承载气囊安装座1d为一组，每一组对应安装一个所述悬挂2，本实施例中一共三个所述悬挂2；所述纵梁1a的外侧还安装有承力梁1q，所述承力梁1q与所述承力枕梁1e交替沿纵向安装在所述纵梁1a上。位于所述纵梁1a前端的所述承力梁1q与所述承力枕梁1e之间还安装有连接梁1r，位于所述纵梁1a前端的所述承力梁1q与所述承力枕梁1e的外端和所述连接梁1r的外端处连接有侧梁1s，位于所述纵梁1a前端的所述承力梁1q与所述连接梁1r之间以及相邻两个所述连接梁1r之间设有加强梁1t。所述承力梁1q的顶面上安装有集装箱锁紧装置8。本车架1的其他结构可参见中国专利201610988706.2公铁两用车，在此不再赘述。
如图5a、7、12所示，上述承载气囊安装座1d包括一块气囊安装板1d1和两块相对布置的气囊隔板1d2，两块所述气囊隔板1d2的上端内表面分别与所述气囊安装板1d1的相对两侧边焊接。所述承载气囊安装座1d插装在所述承载气囊插装孔内且所述承载气囊安装座1d与所述纵梁1a的两腹板围成一个用于安装所述二级承载气囊2e的承载气囊安装腔体。所述气囊安装板1d1与所述纵梁1a的上盖板1a3平行布置，两块所述气囊隔板1d2的下端分别与所述纵梁1a的下盖板1a1焊接，两块所述气囊隔板1d2的下端还分别与所述纵梁1a的两腹板1a2焊接。两块所述气囊隔板1d2的中部沿竖直方向设有向外凸出的导向凹槽1d3(另见图23)，所述支承座2d的两侧分别设有与所述导向凹槽1d3相配合的支承座导向部2d1。所述纵梁1a的上盖板上对应所述承载气囊安装座1d的位置开设有承载气囊安装孔。所述二级承载气囊2e的顶面安装在所述气囊安装板1d1上，所述支承座导向部2d1(图21)活动插装在对应的所述导向凹槽1d3内。加设的支承座导向部2d1与导向凹槽1d3之间的相互配合，能保障承载气囊的纵横向定位并稳定运行。如图13所示，所述提升气囊安装座1c包括一块提升气囊安装板1c1和两块提升气囊安装加强板1c2，两块所述提升气囊安装加强板1c2平行安装在两根所述纵梁1a之间，所述提升气囊安装板1c1安装在两块所述提升气囊安装加强板1c2上，且所述提升气囊安装板1c1与两根所述纵梁1a焊接。加设的两块提升气囊安装加强板1c2确保了提升气囊2b安装的稳固性。
如图15-16所示，上述承力枕梁1e的底面上设有U形结构的转向架连接座1f，所述转向架连接座1f的底面沿纵向设有转向架连接长孔1f1，所述转向架连接座1f的两端分别设有一块转向架限位卡板1g。两根所述纵梁1a之间对应所述承力枕梁1e的位置设有用于安装所述单轴转向架3的心盘销的心盘座1h(图11-12)。如图25-26所示，所述车架连接组件3f包括一个车架连接板3f1，所述车架连接板3f1的中部设有向上凸起的车架限位 连接座3f2，所述车架限位连接座3f2为方形空腔结构，所述车架限位连接座3f2的顶面沿纵向设有车架连接长孔3f3，所述车架连接长孔3f3内限位插装有工字连接件3f4，所述工字连接件3f4的上连接头限位插装在所述转向架连接长孔1f1内且所述工字连接件3f4的上连接头两端分别与所述转向架连接座1f固定连接，方形空腔结构的所述车架限位连接座3f2卡装在两块所述转向架限位卡板1g之间。所述构架3a上的心盘销3a1插装在所述心盘座1h内。通过在承力枕梁1e的底面上加设的U形结构的转向架连接座1f方便了车架连接组件3f的连接；同时，加设的转向架限位卡板1g与车架限位连接座3f2之间的配合，防止转向架转动量过大，进一步地确保了车架1与单轴转向架3之间连接的可靠性；而且，加设的心盘座1h能保证列车纵向牵引力和纵向制动力的传递，更进一步地确保了车架1与单轴转向架3之间连接的可靠性。
如图25-26所示，上述车架连接板3f1的纵向两端分别卡装有一个二系橡胶弹簧组件3g，所述二系橡胶弹簧组件3g包括二系橡胶弹簧安装板3g1和二系橡胶弹簧3g2，所述二系橡胶弹簧3g2下端卡装在所述车架连接板3f1上，所述二系橡胶弹簧3g2上端硫化在所述二系橡胶弹簧安装板3g1上。加设的二系橡胶弹簧组件3g一方面能起到衰减垂向动作用力的作用，另一方面还起到支撑作用。如图12、15、17所示，所述承力枕梁1e的底面上对应所述二系橡胶弹簧安装板3g1的位置设有U形结构的二系橡胶弹簧连接座1i，所述二系橡胶弹簧连接座1i的底面与所述二系橡胶弹簧安装板3g1相连。通过在承力枕梁1e的底面上加设U形结构的二系橡胶弹簧连接座1i，这样方便了二系橡胶弹簧安装板3g1的安装固定。所述转向架连接座1f的顶面和所述二系橡胶弹簧连接座1i的顶面分别设有加强连接筋1f1和1i1，所述加强连接筋还与所述承力枕梁1e的底面焊接，所述转向架限位卡板1g的外侧壁上也设有加强筋1g1。通过在转向架连接座1f的顶面和二系橡胶弹簧连接座1i的顶面分别加设加强连接筋，且加强连接筋还与承力枕梁1e的底面焊接，再在转向架限位卡板1g的外侧壁上也加设加强筋，保证了结构强度，这样更进一步地提高了车架1与单轴转向架3之间连接的可靠性。
上述工字连接件3f4与转向架连接座1f通过螺栓固定连接，当车辆在公路上运行时，转向架被工字连接件3f4提离铁轨轨面；当车辆在铁路上运行时，二系橡胶弹簧被压缩，车架与转向架间距缩短，工字连接件3f4伸入车架限位连接座3f2的空腔中，与转向架不接触，不会影响转向架的转向功能，也避免了磨耗。
上述工字连接件3f4顺着车架限位连接座3f2的空腔开口方向插入车架限位连接座3f2和转向架连接座1f中，再绕垂向转90°与转向架连接座1f用螺栓固定。这样，即时螺栓失效，工字连接件3f4也不会与转向架连接座1f脱开，提升了结构的安全性。
如图25所示，上述制动组件3e包括单元制动器3e1和制动器竖直安装板3e2，所述制动器竖直安装板3e2的上端安装在所述构架3a的底面上对应所述轮轴组件3c的车轮的位置，所述单元制动器3e1安装在所述制动器竖直安装板3e2的下端上，所述单元制动器3e1的闸瓦朝向所述轮轴组件3c的车轮布置。通过采用单元制动器3e1作为制动，这样能有效简化制动管路的布置，且结构更紧凑，安装更方便。
如图14所示，上述承力枕梁1e包括承力枕梁上盖板1e1、承力枕梁下盖板1e2、承力枕梁封板1e3、承力枕梁腹板1e4和承力枕梁隔板1e5。所述承力枕梁上盖板1e1与所述承力枕梁下盖板1e2上下平行布置，所述承力枕梁上盖板1e1与所述承力枕梁下盖板1e2之间通过沿纵向间隔布置的所述承力枕梁腹板1e4相连，相邻两块所述承力枕梁腹板1e4 之间通过所述承力枕梁隔板1e5相连。所述承力枕梁上盖板1e1和所述承力枕梁下盖板1e2的内侧边均与所述纵梁1a的外侧腹板相连，所述承力枕梁上盖板1e1的外侧边与所述承力枕梁下盖板1e2的外侧边之间通过所述承力枕梁封板1e3相连。
如图18-19所示，上述心盘座1h包括心盘座上盖板1h1、心盘座下盖板1h2、心盘座腹板1h3、心盘座隔板1h4和心盘座中心管1h5。所述心盘座上盖板1h1与所述心盘座下盖板1h2上下平行布置，所述心盘座上盖板1h1与所述心盘座下盖板1h2之间通过沿纵向间隔布置的所述心盘座腹板1h3相连，所述心盘座中心管1h5的上端与所述心盘座上盖板1h1的底面中部相连，所述心盘座中心管1h5的下端与所述心盘座下盖板1h2的顶面中部相连，所述心盘座下盖板1h2上对应所述心盘座中心管1h5下端口的位置设有心盘销插装孔1h6。所述心盘座上盖板1h1的两纵侧边分别与两根所述纵梁1a的内侧腹板相连，所述心盘座下盖板1h2的两纵侧边分别与两根所述纵梁1a的下盖板相连，所述心盘座中心管1h5的外壁与所述心盘座腹板1h3之间通过所述心盘座隔板1h4相连，所述心盘座中心管1h5的外壁与两根所述纵梁1a的内侧腹板之间也通过所述心盘座隔板1h4相连。通过在心盘座中心管1h5的外壁与心盘座腹板1h3之间加设心盘座隔板1h4，并在心盘座中心管1h5的外壁与两根纵梁1a的内侧腹板之间也加设心盘座隔板1h4，这样大大地提高了心盘座1h的强度。
两根所述纵梁1a的前端之间设有车钩座1j(图5-6)，所述车钩座1j内通过车钩插销安装有密接式连接车钩4。通过在两根纵梁1a的前端之间加设车钩座1j，并通过车钩插销在车钩座1j内安装密接式连接车钩4，这样方便了两个车体之间的连接。如图28-35所示，所述密接式连接车钩4包括钩体4a和钩舌4b，所述钩体4a内对应所述钩体4a的钩头的位置设有钩体内腔4c，所述钩体内腔4c又包括钩头连接腔4c1和钩舌旋转腔4c2，所述钩舌4b可自转地安装在所述钩舌旋转腔4c2内。所述密接式连接车钩4还包括操作杆4d、复位弹簧4e和复位弹簧安装螺栓4f，所述操作杆4d的一端与所述钩舌4b相连，所述操作杆4d的中部与所述复位弹簧4e的一端相连，所述复位弹簧4e的另一端与所述复位弹簧安装螺栓4f相连，所述复位弹簧安装螺栓4f安装在所述钩体4a上，所述钩体4a的钩尾处设有与所述车钩插销相配合的车钩连接销孔4g，所述钩尾通过所述车钩连接销孔4g和所述车钩插销安装在所述车钩座1j内。通过采用手动方式操作操作杆4d来实现本密接式连接车钩4的连接和解钩，这样既符合货运车的编组使用要求，又大大地降低了成本；同时，由于钩尾直接通过车钩连接销孔4g和车钩插销安装在车钩座1j内，所以结构简单紧凑，安全可靠。
上述操作杆4d的另一端设有拉手4h。加设的拉手4h方便了操作杆4d的操作。所述操作杆4d的中部设有带操作杆卡位槽4i的操作杆卡位杆4j，所述钩体4a上设有与所述操作杆卡位槽4i相配合的操作杆卡位插销4k。所述操作杆卡位插销4k有两个插装位，即一个卡接位和一个避让位(图34中的两个孔位)，当两个密接式连接车钩4连接时，将操作杆卡位插销4k插装在避让位上，以防止操作杆卡位插销4k与操作杆卡位杆4j发生干涉，当两个密接式连接车钩4脱钩时，先将操作杆4d拉到位，然后再将操作杆卡位插销4k插装在卡接位上，使操作杆卡位插销4k卡在操作杆卡位槽4i内即可。通过在操作杆4d的中部加设带操作杆卡位槽4i的操作杆卡位杆4j，并在钩体4a上加设操作杆卡位插销4k，这样在密接式连接车钩4解钩时，操作杆卡位插销4k能限制复位弹簧4e拉动钩舌4b回转，可实现两个车钩直接分离，方便了密接式连接车钩4的脱钩。所述操作杆4d与所述钩舌 4b相连的一端设有螺纹，所述操作杆4d的螺纹端穿过所述钩舌4b并通过螺母与所述钩舌4b相连。所述操作杆4d上对应所述螺纹的位置设有防转动卡块4m，所述钩舌4b上对应的位置设有与所述防转动卡块4m相配合的防转动卡槽。加设的防转动卡块4m能有效地防止操作杆4d发生自转，从而进一步地方便了操作。所述操作杆4d的中部设有复位弹簧连接销4n，所述操作杆4d通过所述复位弹簧连接销4n与所述复位弹簧4e相连。通过采用复位弹簧连接销4n的结构来安装复位弹簧4e，这样方便了组装和维护。
本实施例还包括密接式连接车钩承托组件5，所述密接式连接车钩承托组件5的两端分别与两根所述纵梁1a的前端相连，所述密接式连接车钩4承托在所述密接式连接车钩承托组件5的中部上。加设的密接式连接车钩承托组件5提高了密接式连接车钩4的连接可靠性和稳定性。如图20所示，所述密接式连接车钩承托组件5包括一块U形结构的承托前端板5a、一根U形结构的托梁5b、两个托梁安装座5c和两个承托弹簧5d。所述一块承托前端板5a的两端分别安装在两根所述纵梁1a的前端面上，所述两个托梁安装座5c分别对应安装在所述一块承托前端板5a的两端上，所述两个承托弹簧5d分别通过承托销安装在所述两个托梁安装座5c内，所述托梁5b两端分别压装在所述两个承托弹簧5d的上端上。所述密接式连接车钩4承托在所述托梁5b上。加设的承托弹簧5d能有效地起到支承调节车钩高度的作用。
如图1-13所示，上述纵梁1a后端的内侧腹板上分别设有前从板座1k和后从板座1m，两根所述纵梁1a之间对应所述前从板座1k和所述后从板座1m上方的位置设有车钩防跳板1n，所述前从板座1k与所述后从板座1m之间安装有车钩缓冲装置6。加设的车钩缓冲装置6方便了车体之间的连接。两根所述纵梁1a后端面上安装有后端板1p，所述后端板1p上安装有用于承托所述车钩缓冲装置6的冲击座组件7。加设的冲击座组件7提高了车钩缓冲装置6的连接可靠性和稳定性。
如图6所示，上述冲击座组件7包括U形结构的冲击座本体7a和车钩缓冲装置承托梁7b，所述冲击座本体7a安装在所述后端板1p上且所述冲击座本体7a的开口朝下布置，所述车钩缓冲装置承托梁7b安装在所述冲击座本体7a的开口处，所述车钩缓冲装置6搁置在所述车钩缓冲装置承托梁7b上。通过将冲击座本体7a设计成U形结构，并用车钩缓冲装置承托梁7b封口，这样方便了车钩缓冲装置6的安装和拆卸。
本实施例通过车架连接组件3f将单轴转向架3固定安装在车架1上，并通过将悬挂2设计成大行程的两级承载气囊，这样，在铁路运输转公共路运输时，可通过大行程的悬挂2直接将单轴转向架3提离铁轨轨面，无需其他设备协助配合，从而大大地提高了转运时间；由于本公铁两用车转运时，无需其他设备协助配合，所以本公铁两用车只需在有适合车长的硬化道床的铁路车站进行公铁转换，道床面与轨面同高并能缓和过渡到地面上即可，从而大大地降低了铁路车站使用公铁转换的门槛；承力枕梁1e不仅起到承载集装箱的作用，而且还起到连接车架1与单轴转向架3的作用；通过承载气囊安装座1d将二级承载气囊2e安装在纵梁1a内，这样能在增大悬挂2的行程的同时，使结构更紧凑。
同时，加设的支承座导向部2d1与导向凹槽1d3之间的相互配合，能保障承载气囊的纵横向定位并稳定运行；加设的两块提升气囊安装加强板1c2确保了提升气囊2b安装的稳固性；在承力枕梁1e的底面上加设的U形结构的转向架连接座1f方便了车架连接组件3f的连接；加设的转向架限位卡板1g与车架限位连接座3f2之间的配合，防止转向架转动量过大，进一步地确保了车架1与单轴转向架3之间连接的可靠性；加设的心盘座1h 能保证列车纵向牵引力和纵向制动力的传递，更进一步地确保了车架1与单轴转向架3之间连接的可靠性；加设的二系橡胶弹簧组件3g一方面能起到衰减垂向动作用力的作用，另一方面还起到支撑作用；通过在承力枕梁1e的底面上加设U形结构的二系橡胶弹簧连接座1i，这样方便了二系橡胶弹簧安装板3g1的安装固定；通过在转向架连接座1f的顶面和二系橡胶弹簧连接座1i的顶面分别加设加强连接筋，且加强连接筋还与承力枕梁1e的底面焊接，再在转向架限位卡板1g的外侧壁上也加设加强筋，保证了结构强度，这样更进一步地提高了车架1与单轴转向架3之间连接的可靠性；通过采用单元制动器3e1作为制动，这样能有效简化制动管路的布置，且结构更紧凑，安装更方便；通过在心盘座中心管1h5的外壁与心盘座腹板1h3之间加设心盘座隔板1h4，并在心盘座中心管1h5的外壁与两根纵梁1a的内侧腹板之间也加设心盘座隔板1h4，这样大大地提高了心盘座1h的强度。
而且，通过在两根纵梁1a的前端之间加设车钩座1j，并通过车钩插销在车钩座1j内安装密接式连接车钩4，这样方便了两个车体之间的连接；通过采用手动方式操作操作杆4d来实现本密接式连接车钩4的连接和解钩，这样既符合货运车的编组使用要求，又大大地降低了成本；由于钩尾直接通过车钩连接销孔4g和车钩插销安装在车钩座1j内，所以结构简单紧凑，安全可靠；通过在操作杆4d的中部加设带操作杆卡位槽4i的操作杆卡位杆4j，并在钩体4a上加设操作杆卡位插销4k，这样在密接式连接车钩4解钩时，操作杆卡位插销4k能限制复位弹簧4e拉动钩舌4b回转，可实现两个车钩直接分离，方便了密接式连接车钩4的脱钩；加设的防转动卡块4m能有效地防止操作杆4d发生自转，从而进一步地方便了操作；通过采用复位弹簧连接销4n的结构来安装复位弹簧4e，这样方便了组装和维护；加设的密接式连接车钩承托组件5提高了密接式连接车钩4的连接可靠性和稳定性；加设的承托弹簧5d能有效地起到支承调节车钩高度的作用。
最后，加设的车钩缓冲装置6方便了车体之间的连接；加设的冲击座组件7提高了车钩缓冲装置6的连接可靠性和稳定性；通过将冲击座本体7a设计成U形结构，并用车钩缓冲装置承托梁7b封口，这样方便了车钩缓冲装置6的安装和拆卸。
本发明的实施例具有以下一种或多种有益效果：
1、通过车架连接组件将单轴转向架固定安装在车架上，并通过将悬挂设计成大行程的两级承载气囊，这样，在铁路运输转公共路运输时，可通过大行程的悬挂直接将单轴转向架提离铁轨轨面，无需其他设备协助配合，从而大大地提高了转运时间；
2、由于本公铁两用车转运时，无需其他设备协助配合，所以本公铁两用车只需在有适合车长的硬化道床的铁路车站进行公铁转换，道床面与轨面同高并能缓和过渡到地面上即可，从而大大地降低了铁路车站使用公铁转换的门槛；
3、承力枕梁不仅起到承载集装箱的作用，而且还起到连接车架与单轴转向架的作用；
4、通过承载气囊安装座将二级承载气囊安装在纵梁内，这样能在增大悬挂的行程的同时，使结构更紧凑；
5、加设的支承座导向部与导向凹槽之间的相互配合，能保障承载气囊的纵横向定位并稳定运行；
6、加设的两块提升气囊安装加强板确保了提升气囊安装的稳固性；
7、在承力枕梁的底面上加设的U形结构的转向架连接座方便了车架连接组件的连 接；
8、加设的转向架限位卡板与车架限位连接座之间的配合，防止转向架转动量过大，进一步地确保了车架与单轴转向架之间连接的可靠性；
9、加设的心盘座能保证列车纵向牵引力和纵向制动力的传递，更进一步地确保了车架与单轴转向架之间连接的可靠性；
10、加设的二系橡胶弹簧组件一方面能起到衰减垂向动作用力的作用，另一方面还起到支撑作用；
11、通过在承力枕梁的底面上加设U形结构的二系橡胶弹簧连接座，这样方便了二系橡胶弹簧安装板的安装固定；
12、通过在转向架连接座的顶面和二系橡胶弹簧连接座的顶面分别加设加强连接筋，且加强连接筋还与承力枕梁的底面焊接，再在转向架限位卡板的外侧壁上也加设加强筋，保证了结构强度，这样更进一步地提高了车架与单轴转向架之间连接的可靠性；
13、通过采用单元制动器作为制动，这样能有效简化制动管路的布置，且结构更紧凑，安装更方便；
14、通过在心盘座中心管的外壁与心盘座腹板之间加设心盘座隔板，并在心盘座中心管的外壁与两根纵梁的内侧腹板之间也加设心盘座隔板，这样大大地提高了心盘座的强度；
15、通过在两根纵梁的前端之间加设车钩座，并通过车钩插销在车钩座内安装密接式连接车钩，这样方便了两个车体之间的连接；
16、通过采用手动方式操作操作杆来实现本密接式连接车钩的连接和解钩，这样既符合货运车的编组使用要求，又大大地降低了成本；
17、由于钩尾直接通过车钩连接销孔和车钩插销安装在车钩座内，所以结构简单紧凑，安全可靠；
18、通过在操作杆的中部加设带操作杆卡位槽的操作杆卡位杆，并在钩体上加设操作杆卡位插销，这样在密接式连接车钩解钩时，操作杆卡位插销能限制复位弹簧拉动钩舌回转，可实现两个车钩直接分离，方便了密接式连接车钩的脱钩；
19、加设的防转动卡块能有效地防止操作杆发生自转，从而进一步地方便了操作；
20、通过采用复位弹簧连接销的结构来安装复位弹簧，这样方便了组装和维护；
21、加设的密接式连接车钩承托组件提高了密接式连接车钩的连接可靠性和稳定性；
22、加设的承托弹簧能有效地起到支承调节车钩高度的作用；
23、加设的车钩缓冲装置方便了车体之间的连接；
24、加设的冲击座组件提高了车钩缓冲装置的连接可靠性和稳定性；
25、通过将冲击座本体设计成U形结构，并用车钩缓冲装置承托梁封口，这样方便了车钩缓冲装置的安装和拆卸。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种公铁两用车，包括车架(1)、悬挂(2)和单轴转向架(3)，其中，
    所述车架(1)包括两根平行布置的纵梁(1a)，两根所述纵梁(1a)之间通过纵梁连接板(1b)相连，两根所述纵梁(1a)之间设有提升气囊安装座(1c)，所述纵梁(1a)的下盖板(1a1)上对应所述提升气囊安装座(1c)的位置开设有承载气囊插装孔，所述承载气囊插装孔内安装有承载气囊安装座(1d)，所述纵梁(1a)的外侧安装有承力枕梁(1e)；
    所述悬挂(2)包括车桥组件(2a)，所述车桥组件(2a)的前端中部安装有一个提升气囊(2b)，所述车桥组件(2a)的后端两侧分别安装有一个一级承载气囊(2c)，两个所述一级承载气囊(2c)的顶面分别通过一个支承座(2d)安装有一个二级承载气囊(2e)，所述提升气囊(2b)的顶面安装在所述提升气囊安装座(1c)上，所述二级承载气囊(2e)的顶面安装在所述承载气囊安装座(1d)内；并且
    所述单轴转向架(3)包括构架(3a)，所述构架(3a)的底面两端分别安装有一个轴箱(3b)，两个所述轴箱(3b)之间安装有轮轴组件(3c)，所述轴箱(3b)与所述构架(3a)之间设有一系减振弹簧组件(3d)，所述构架(3a)的底面两端对应所述轮轴组件(3c)的车轮的位置分别安装有一个制动组件(3e)，所述构架(3a)的顶面两端分别设有一个车架连接组件(3f)，所述构架(3a)通过所述车架连接组件(3f)安装在所述承力枕梁(1e)的底面上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，所述承载气囊安装座(1d)包括一块气囊安装板(1d1)和两块相对布置的气囊隔板(1d2)，两块所述气囊隔板(1d2)的上端内表面分别与所述气囊安装板(1d1)的相对两侧边焊接，所述承载气囊安装座(1d)插装在所述承载气囊插装孔内且所述承载气囊安装座(1d)与所述纵梁(1a)的两腹板(1a2)围成一个用于安装所述二级承载气囊(2e)的承载气囊安装腔体，所述气囊安装板(1d1)与所述纵梁(1a)的上盖板(1a3)平行布置，两块所述气囊隔板(1d2)的下端分别与所述纵梁(1a)的下盖板(1a1)焊接，两块所述气囊隔板(1d2)的下端还分别与所述纵梁(1a)的两腹板焊接，两块所述气囊隔板(1d2)的中部沿竖直方向设有向外凸出的导向凹槽(1d3)，并且
    所述支承座(2d)的两侧分别设有与所述导向凹槽(1d3)相配合的支承座导向部(2d1)，所述纵梁(1a)的上盖板上对应所述承载气囊安装座(1d)的位置开设有承载气囊安装孔，所述二级承载气囊(2e)的顶面安装在所述气囊安装板(1d1)上，所述支承座导向部(2d1)活动插装在对应的所述导向凹槽(1d3)内。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，所述提升气囊安装座(1c)包括一块提升气囊安装板(1c1)和两块提升气囊安装加强板(1c2)，两块所述提升气囊安装加强板(1c2)平行安装在两根所述纵梁(1a)之间，所述提升气囊安装板(1c1)安装在两块所述提升气囊安装加强板(1c2)上，且所述提升气囊安装板(1c1)与两根所述纵梁(1a)焊接。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，所述承力枕梁(1e)的底面上设有U形结构的转向架连接座(1f)，所述转向架连接座(1f)的底面沿纵向设有转向架连接长孔(1f1)，所述转向架连接座(1f)的两端分别设有一块转向架限位卡板(1g)，两根所述纵梁 (1a)之间对应所述承力枕梁(1e)的位置设有用于安装所述单轴转向架(3)的心盘销(3a1)的心盘座(1h)；
    所述车架连接组件(3f)包括一个车架连接板(3f1)，所述车架连接板(3f1)的中部设有向上凸起的车架限位连接座(3f2)，所述车架限位连接座(3f2)为方形空腔结构，所述车架限位连接座(3f2)的顶面沿纵向设有车架连接长孔(3f3)，所述车架连接长孔(3f3)内限位插装有工字连接件(3f4)，所述工字连接件(3f4)的上连接头限位插装在所述转向架连接长孔(1f1)内且所述工字连接件(3f4)的上连接头两端分别与所述转向架连接座(1f)用螺栓连接固定，方形空腔结构的所述车架限位连接座(3f2)卡装在两块所述转向架限位卡板(1g)之间，所述构架(3a)上的心盘销插装在所述心盘座(1h)内。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，所述车架连接板(3f1)的纵向两端分别卡装有一个二系橡胶弹簧组件(3g)，所述二系橡胶弹簧组件(3g)包括二系橡胶弹簧安装板(3g1)和二系橡胶弹簧(3g2)，所述二系橡胶弹簧(3g2)下端卡装在所述车架连接板(3f1)上，所述二系橡胶弹簧(3g2)上端硫化在所述二系橡胶弹簧安装板(3g1)上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，所述承力枕梁(1e)的底面上对应所述二系橡胶弹簧安装板(3g1)的位置设有U形结构的二系橡胶弹簧连接座(1i)，所述二系橡胶弹簧连接座(1i)的底面与所述二系橡胶弹簧安装板(3g1)相连。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，所述转向架连接座(1f)的顶面和所述二系橡胶弹簧连接座(1i)的顶面分别设有加强连接筋(1f1,1i1)，所述加强连接筋还与所述承力枕梁(1e)的底面焊接，所述转向架限位卡板(1g)的外侧壁上也设有加强筋(1g1)。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，所述制动组件(3e)包括单元制动器(3e1)和制动器竖直安装板(3e2)，
    所述制动器竖直安装板(3e2)的上端安装在所述构架(3a)的底面上对应所述轮轴组件(3c)的车轮的位置，所述单元制动器(3e1)安装在所述制动器竖直安装板(3e2)的下端上，所述单元制动器(3e1)的闸瓦朝向所述轮轴组件(3c)的车轮布置。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，所述承力枕梁(1e)包括承力枕梁上盖板(1e1)、承力枕梁下盖板(1e2)、承力枕梁封板(1e3)、承力枕梁腹板(1e4)和承力枕梁隔板(1e5)，
    所述承力枕梁上盖板(1e1)与所述承力枕梁下盖板(1e2)上下平行布置，所述承力枕梁上盖板(1e1)与所述承力枕梁下盖板(1e2)之间通过沿纵向间隔布置的所述承力枕梁腹板(1e4)相连，相邻两块所述承力枕梁腹板(1e4)之间通过所述承力枕梁隔板(1e5)相连，所述承力枕梁上盖板(1e1)和所述承力枕梁下盖板(1e2)的内侧边均与所述纵梁(1a)的外侧腹板相连，所述承力枕梁上盖板(1e1)的外侧边与所述承力枕梁下盖板(1e2)的外侧边之间通过所述承力枕梁封板(1e3)相连。
  10. 根据权利要求4所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，所述心盘座(1h)包括心盘座上盖板(1h1)、心盘座下盖板(1h2)、心盘座腹板(1h3)、心盘座隔板(1h4)和心盘座中心管(1h5)，所述心盘座上盖板(1h1)与所述心盘座下盖板(1h2)上下平行布置，所述心盘座上盖板(1h1)与所述心盘座下盖板(1h2)之间通过沿纵向间隔布置的所述心盘座腹板(1h3)相连，所述心盘座中心管(1h5)的上端与所述心盘座上盖板(1h1)的底面中部相连，所述心盘座中心管(1h5)的下端与所述心盘座下盖板(1h2)的顶面中部相连，所述心盘座下盖板(1h2)上对应所述心盘座中心管(1h5)下端口的位置设有心盘销插装孔(1h6)，所述心盘座上盖板(1h1)的两纵侧边分别与两根所述纵梁(1a)的内侧腹板相连，所述心盘座下盖板(1h2)的两纵侧边分别与两根所述纵梁(1a)的下盖板相连，所述心盘座中心管(1h5)的外壁与所述心盘座腹板(1h3)之间通过所述心盘座隔板(1h4)相连，所述心盘座中心管(1h5)的外壁与两根所述纵梁(1a)的内侧腹板之间也通过所述心盘座隔板(1h4)相连。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，两根所述纵梁(1a)的前端之间设有车钩座(1j)，所述车钩座(1j)内通过车钩插销安装有密接式连接车钩(4)。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，所述密接式连接车钩(4)包括钩体(4a)和钩舌(4b)，所述钩体(4a)内对应所述钩体(4a)的钩头的位置设有钩体内腔(4c)，所述钩体内腔(4c)又包括钩头连接腔(4c1)和钩舌旋转腔(4c2)，所述钩舌(4b)可自转地安装在所述钩舌旋转腔(4c2)内，并且
    所述密接式连接车钩(4)还包括操作杆(4d)、复位弹簧(4e)和复位弹簧安装螺栓(4f)，所述操作杆(4d)的一端与所述钩舌(4b)相连，所述操作杆(4d)的中部与所述复位弹簧(4e)的一端相连，所述复位弹簧(4e)的另一端与所述复位弹簧安装螺栓(4f)相连，所述复位弹簧安装螺栓(4f)安装在所述钩体(4a)上，所述钩体(4a)的钩尾处设有与所述车钩插销相配合的车钩连接销孔(4g)，所述钩尾通过所述车钩连接销孔(4g)和所述车钩插销安装在所述车钩座(1j)内。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，所述操作杆(4d)的另一端设有拉手(4h)。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，所述操作杆(4d)的中部设有带操作杆卡位槽(4i)的操作杆卡位杆(4j)，所述钩体(4a)上设有与所述操作杆卡位槽(4i)相配合的操作杆卡位插销(4k)。
  15. 根据权利要求12所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，所述操作杆(4d)与所述钩舌(4b)相连的一端设有螺纹，所述操作杆(4d)的螺纹端穿过所述钩舌(4b)并通过螺母与所述钩舌(4b)相连。
  16. 根据权利要求12所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，所述操作杆(4d)上对应所述螺纹的位置设有防转动卡块(4m)，所述钩舌(4b)上对应的位置设有与所述防转动卡块(4m)相配合的防转动卡槽。
  17. 根据权利要求12所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，所述操作杆(4d)的中部设有复位弹簧连接销(4n)，所述操作杆(4d)通过所述复位弹簧连接销(4n)与所述复位弹簧(4e)相连。
  18. 根据权利要求12所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，还包括密接式连接车钩承托组件(5)，所述密接式连接车钩承托组件(5)的两端分别与两根所述纵梁(1a)的前端相连，所述密接式连接车钩(4)承托在所述密接式连接车钩承托组件(5)的中部上。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，所述密接式连接车钩承托组件(5)包括一块承托前端板(5a)、一根U形结构的托梁(5b)、两个托梁安装座(5c)和两个承托弹簧(5d)，
    所述一块承托前端板(5a)的两端分别安装在两根所述纵梁(1a)的前端面上，所述两个托梁安装座(5c)分别对应安装在所述一块承托前端板(5a)的两端上，所述两个承托弹簧(5d)分别通过承托销安装在所述两个托梁安装座(5c)内，所述托梁(5b)两端分别压装在所述两个承托弹簧(5d)的上端上，所述密接式连接车钩(4)承托在所述托梁(5b)上。
  20. 根据权利要求1所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，所述纵梁(1a)后端的内侧腹板上分别设有前从板座(1k)和后从板座(1m)，两根所述纵梁(1a)之间对应所述前从板座(1k)和所述后从板座(1m)上方的位置设有车钩防跳板(1n)，所述前从板座(1k)与所述后从板座(1m)之间安装有车钩缓冲装置(6)。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，两根所述纵梁(1a)后端面上安装有后端板(1p)，所述后端板(1p)上安装有用于承托所述车钩缓冲装置(6)的冲击座组件(7)。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的一种公铁两用车，其中，所述冲击座组件(7)包括U形结构的冲击座本体(7a)和车钩缓冲装置承托梁(7b)，所述冲击座本体(7a)安装在所述后端板(1p)上且所述冲击座本体(7a)的开口朝下布置，所述车钩缓冲装置承托梁(7b)安装在所述冲击座本体(7a)的开口处，所述车钩缓冲装置(6)搁置在所述车钩缓冲装置承托梁(7b)上。
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