WO2020019677A1 - 一种多功能长丝布 - Google Patents

一种多功能长丝布 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020019677A1
WO2020019677A1 PCT/CN2019/000041 CN2019000041W WO2020019677A1 WO 2020019677 A1 WO2020019677 A1 WO 2020019677A1 CN 2019000041 W CN2019000041 W CN 2019000041W WO 2020019677 A1 WO2020019677 A1 WO 2020019677A1
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Prior art keywords
filament
layer
unidirectional
multifunctional
spiral
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PCT/CN2019/000041
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English (en)
French (fr)
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骆恩浩
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杭州友凯船艇有限公司
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Publication of WO2020019677A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020019677A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/12—Threads containing metallic filaments or strips
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/32—Elastic yarns or threads ; Production of plied or cored yarns, one of which is elastic
    • D02G3/328—Elastic yarns or threads ; Production of plied or cored yarns, one of which is elastic containing elastane
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/56—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads elastic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/593—Stiff materials, e.g. cane or slat
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/12—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with filaments or yarns secured together by chemical or thermo-activatable bonding agents, e.g. adhesives, applied or incorporated in liquid or solid form
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H5/04—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by applying or incorporating chemical or thermo-activatable bonding agents in solid or liquid form

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multifunctional filament cloth, in particular to a filament cloth with high tensile strength and an anti-impact function and an increase in interlayer shearing force, and a prepreg cloth therefor.
  • the main purpose is to reinforce composite materials, and it can also be used as ordinary cloth.
  • Some of the existing cloths made of filaments are brittle, such as carbon fiber, glass fiber, etc.
  • Such brittle filaments are used as reinforcing materials for composite materials that are easy to break when impacted. Equipment that breaks during an impact during an impact can aggravate injuries.
  • a mixture of tough materials such as carbon and aramid yarns are used in brittle materials.
  • the mixing ratio of materials with good toughness is inversely proportional to tensile strength and modulus. The effect of tensile modulus is large and the extensibility is small.
  • the present invention provides a spiral filament strip placed in a silk layer, and also includes an elastic rubber strip. Chopped strands are placed in the outer layer of the filament strip to make various types of cloths and prepregs to achieve high elongation and anti-impact functions.
  • the present invention is to increase the interlaminar shear force of composite materials in all places. Chopped strands are added between the helical loops and loops of the helically wound filaments described above, so that the chopped strands extending between the two superimposed layers of the filaments extend into each other. After subsequent processing into a composite material, the layers are strengthened. Between shear forces.
  • a multifunctional filament cloth including unidirectional, bidirectional or multidirectional filament layers, characterized in that each unidirectional filament layer is arranged by a single filament or a filament bundle, The spiral wire is placed in proportion; the spiral wire is composed of a single filament or a bundle of filaments along the axial direction of the core material, and includes a single strand formed by a single wire or a bundle of filaments.
  • a winding layer is a Z-direction or S-direction single layer, and includes a reverse layer and more layers wrapped around the unidirectional layer.
  • the diameter of the spiral filament is equal to or smaller than the thickness of the unidirectional filament layer placed, the outer layer of the winding layer of the spiral filament, the winding loop and the loop. Between them, chopped strands are placed, one end of the chopped strands extends into the winding layer, and the other end extends out of the winding layer.
  • the core material is a single wire or two or more combined tows, and the material of the single wire is the same as or different from the silk layer wire, and further includes the use of elastic rubber.
  • the tow is homogeneous or different from the silk layer, including mixed filaments of different qualities, and also comprises an elastic rubber strip.
  • the unidirectional filament layer further includes an elastic rubber strip placed in proportion, and the diameter of the elastic rubber strip is equal to or smaller than the thickness of the unidirectional filament layer.
  • any one or two kinds of spiral filaments 1, elastic rubber strips (7) are placed in the unidirectional filament layer 5 to manufacture interwoven fabrics, warp knitted fabrics, and multi-axial fabrics. Needle-stitched fabric, multi-axial non-woven fabric and its prepreg.
  • each of the unidirectional filament layers 5 of the multi-axial non-woven fabric and the filament layers are bonded by a dot-shaped adhesive material formed by spraying, and the filament single filaments 6 are closely arranged.
  • the unidirectional silk layer 5 is placed into the spiral wire strip 1 in proportion to be processed into a prepreg.
  • the prepreg is prepared by using a prepreg for each unidirectional silk layer 5 to bond the silk layer and the silk layer to Spin prepreg.
  • each unidirectional filament layer is the same, and the thickness is also different.
  • the multi-axial direction is 0 °, -45 °, 45 °, 90 ° directions, and the direction or number of layers of the cloth can be set freely.
  • the beneficial effect obtained by the present invention adds spiral filaments to the silk layer.
  • the straight filaments in the silk layer are broken, and the spiral filaments are subjected to a loop under a force. Straighten it to a long length without breaking easily.
  • the spiral shape needs to overcome the resistance of the substrate, while also consuming the tensile force, gradually weakening the impact force, and reducing the secondary damage caused by debris.
  • the elastic rubber strip is added to have a recovery function; the spiral outer layer is a winding layer Chopped strands are placed in the loops and loops to strengthen the shear force between layers.
  • Pre-impregnated non-woven fabric is made by tightly arranging the filaments in each single-layer silk layer, so that the fiber density ratio of the subsequently processed composite material increases and the tensile strength also increases.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a helical filament of chopped strands.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a helical wire.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of placing a unidirectional filament layer into a spiral filament.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view of placing a unidirectional filament layer into a spiral filament and a rubber strip.
  • Multifunctional filament fabrics include non-woven fabrics and prepregs, interwoven fabrics and prepregs, warp knitted fabrics using needle stitching and prepregs; non-woven fabrics include 0 °, -45 °, 45 ° , 90 ° unidirectional silk layer 5, can also be processed into a cloth with any number of single-stranded silk layer 5, unidirectional silk layer 5 consists of several single filaments 6 or any layer of filament bundles,
  • the spiral wire 1 is placed in proportion.
  • the spiral wire 1 is composed of a single filament 6 or a bundle of filaments, or a single strand made of a single wire or a bundle of filaments.
  • the winding layer is in the Z direction or the S direction, and the first layer foundation can be wrapped around the core material 4 and then the second layer and more layers can be reversely wrapped;
  • an elastic rubber strip 7 can also be placed in the single-layer wire 5 to make the cloth recoverable after extension.
  • the layers of the unidirectional filament layer 5 are spray-bonded into a non-woven fabric with a drop-shaped adhesive formed between them. After further processing, each unidirectional filament layer 5 is closely arranged by monofilament filaments 6 and placed in Either one or two of spiral wire strips 1, elastic rubber strips 7, laying each unidirectional silk layer 5 using a technical arrangement of clamping and arranging the silk layers in parallel from one side of the cloth to the other, unidirectional The layers of the silk layer 5 are bonded and processed into a non-woven prepreg by using a prepreg.
  • the spiral layer 1 is the outer layer of the winding layer.
  • the spiral shape is formed by wrapping one circle at a time.
  • Chopped wire 3 can be placed between the loops. One end of the chopped wire 3 extends into the winding layer and the other end extends. Outside the winding layer, the protruding part and the same protruding part of the other silk layer extend into each other. After the subsequent processing of the composite material substrate, the interlayer fusion is strengthened.
  • the core material 4 of the spiral wire 1 can be the same Or non-homogeneous materials, mixed materials of different materials can also be used, or elastic rubber strips 7 can also be used.
  • Interlaced fabrics can be made by placing either or both of the helical filaments 1 or elastic rubber strips 7 in a warp and weft direction in a proportional arrangement, and weaving them into various types of filament interwoven fabrics or single warp filaments The cloth is further processed into a prepreg; the needle-stitched warp-knitted fabric can place one or both of the helical wire strip 1 or the elastic rubber strip 7 into any unidirectional silk layer 5 according to the ratio.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

一种多功能长丝布，包括交织布、多轴向针缝法制造的经编布、无纺布及其预浸布，在任一单向丝层（5）中按比例放置入螺旋形丝条（1）或弹性橡胶条（7）任一种或两种，螺旋形丝条由单条丝条沿芯材轴向包覆缠绕成缠绕层，缠绕层的缠绕圈与圈之间放置入短切丝（3），制成单层或多层多轴向长丝布及其预浸布，具有防撞击功能的高延伸率，高回缩性能，层间不易脱层。

Description

一种多功能长丝布 技术领域
本发明涉及一种多功能长丝布，尤其是一种具有高拉伸强度又具有防撞击功能和增加层间剪切力功能的长丝布，及其预浸布，所述的长丝布主要用途是复合材料的加强材料，还能作为普通布类使用。
背景技术
现有的长丝制造的布类中有些长丝呈脆性，例如碳纤维、玻璃纤维等，这类脆性长丝作为加强材料制成的复合材料在撞击时易断裂，如该类材料制造的载人设备，在撞击时产生的刹间断裂会加重人员受伤。为解决这一问题，采取了在脆性材料中加入韧性材料混合，例如碳丝和芳纶丝混合交织布，但韧性好的材料混合比与抗拉强度、模量成反比，对拉伸强度和拉伸模量影响较大，而且延伸性微小。
技术问题
为了克服现有技术中碳纤维、玻纤复合材料等在撞击时刹间断裂问题，本发明提供一种采用在丝层中放置入螺旋形长丝条，还包括弹性橡胶条。所述的长丝条外层中放置入短切丝，制成各类布及其预浸布，达到高延伸率，防撞击功能；本发明为增加复合材料的层间剪切力，在所述的螺旋形缠绕丝条的螺旋形圈与圈之间加入短切丝，使叠加的两层丝层间分别伸出的短切丝相互伸入，在后续加工成复合材料后，加强了层间剪切力。
技术解决方案
本发明解决其技术问题采用的技术方案是：一种多功能长丝布，包括单向、双向或多向丝层，其特征是每单向丝层由单根长丝或长丝束排列，按比例放置入螺旋形丝条；所述螺旋形丝条，由单根长丝或长丝束沿芯材轴向，包括单根金属丝或金属丝束形成的单条，外周螺旋形包缠成缠绕层，所述的缠绕层是Z向或S向单层，包括在单向层外周再包缠反向层及更多层。
上述的多功能长丝布，所述的螺旋形丝条直径等于或小于所述的放置入的单向丝层的厚度，所述的螺旋形丝条的缠绕层外面层，缠绕的圈与圈之间，放置入短切丝，短切丝的一端伸入缠绕层内，另一端伸出缠绕层外。
上述的多功能长丝布，所述芯材是单根丝或两根及以上组合丝束，所述的单根丝材质与所述的丝层丝同质或不同质，还包括采用弹性橡胶条；所述的丝束是与所述的丝层同质或不同质，包括不同质的丝混合组成，还包括弹性橡胶条。
上述的多功能长丝布，所述单向丝层中还包括按比例放置入弹性橡胶条，弹性橡胶条的直径等于或小于单向丝层的厚度。
上述的多功能长丝布，所述单向丝层5中放置入螺旋形丝条1、弹性橡胶条(7)的任一种或两种的丝层制造交织布、经编布、多轴向针缝布、多轴向无纺布及其预浸布。
上述的多功能长丝布，所述多轴向无纺布每单向丝层5与丝层间采用喷雾形成的点状体粘合料粘合，还包括长丝单根丝6紧密排列每单向丝层5，按比例放置入螺旋形丝条1加工成预浸布，所述预浸布是每单向丝层5采用预浸料将丝层与丝层之间粘合加工成无纺预浸布。
上述的多功能长丝布，所述的每单向丝层的厚度是相同，还包括不相同。
上述的多功能长丝布，所述的多轴向是0°、-45°、45°、90°方向，布的方向或层数自由设定。
本发明获得的有益效果：本发明在丝层中加入螺旋形长丝条，当布受撞击时，丝层中的伸直长丝断裂，螺旋形丝在受力的作用下被一圈一圈地拉直，延伸至很长而不易断裂。拉伸过程中，螺旋形需克服基材的阻力，同时也消耗了拉伸力，逐渐减弱冲击力，减少碎片造成次生伤害，例如加入弹性橡胶条，具有恢复功能；螺旋形外层缠绕层的圈与圈中放置入短切丝，加强了层与层之间的剪切力。
采用每单层丝层中丝紧密排列制成预浸无纺布，使后续加工成的复合材料纤维密度比增加而拉伸强度也增加。防撞击、防断裂，层间增强剪切力的多功能长丝布及其预浸布。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。
图1为本发明示意图。
图2为短切丝的螺旋形丝条示意图。
图3为螺旋形丝条的横切面图。
图4为单向丝层放置入螺旋形丝条示意图。
图5为单向丝层放置入螺旋形丝条及橡胶条示意图。
图中：
1，螺旋形丝条
2，螺旋形包缠
3，短切丝
4，芯材
5，单向丝层
6，单根长丝
7，弹性橡胶条
发明的实施方式：
以下结合附图实施例对本发明作出进一步详细描述。
【实施例1】
多功能长丝布包括无纺布及其预浸布、交织布及其预浸布、采用针缝法的经编布及其预浸布；无纺布包括0°、-45°、45°、90°方向的单向丝层5，也可以采用任意层数的单项丝层5加工成布，单向丝层5由数根单根长丝6或长丝束任一层紧密排列，按比例放置入螺旋形丝条1，螺旋形丝条1由单根长丝6或长丝束、也可采用单根金属丝或金属丝束而成的单条，沿芯材4轴向外周螺旋形包缠2成缠绕层，所述的缠绕层是Z向或S向，还可在芯材4包缠第一层基础再反向包缠第二层及更多层；使布在撞击时可以长距离延伸，还可以在单层丝5中放置入弹性橡胶条7，使布在延伸后可恢复。
单向丝层5的层与层之间采用喷雾方式形成的滴状体粘合剂粘合成无纺布；再深加工，每单向丝层5由单拫长丝6紧密排列，其中放置入螺旋形丝条1、弹性橡胶条7的任一种或两种，铺设各单向丝层5采用夹紧排列丝层从布的一侧边平行拉向另一侧边的技术方案，单向丝层5的层与层之间采用预浸料粘合加工成无纺预浸布。
【实施例2】
螺旋形丝条1缠绕层的外层，螺旋形是一圈一圈包缠形成，在圈与圈之间可放入短切丝3，短切丝3一端伸入缠绕层内，另一端伸出缠绕层外，伸出的部分与另一丝层相同伸出的部分相互伸入，在后续加工复合材料基材固化后加强了层间融合，螺旋形丝条1的芯材4，可采用同质材料或非同质材料，还可采用混合不同材质材料，也还可采用弹性橡胶条7。
【实施例3】
交织布可采用将螺旋形丝条1或弹性橡胶条7其中任一种或两者都按比例排列放置入经向、纬向层中，织造成各类长丝交织布或单经向长丝布，再深加工成预浸布；针缝法经编布可将螺旋形丝条1或弹性橡胶条7其中一种或两者都按比列放置入任一单向丝层5中。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种多功能长丝布，包括单向、双向或多向丝层，其特征是每单向丝层(5)由单根长丝(6)或长丝束排列，按比例放置入螺旋形丝条(1)；所述螺旋形丝条(1)，由单根长丝(6)或长丝束沿芯材(4)轴向，包括单根金属丝或金属丝束形成的单条，外周螺旋形包缠(2)成缠绕层，所述的缠绕层是Z向或S向单层，包括在单向层外周再包缠反向层及更多层。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能长丝布，其特征在于螺旋形丝条(1)直径等于或小于所述的放置入的单向丝层(5)的厚度，所述的螺旋形丝条(5)的缠绕层外面层，缠绕的圈与圈之间，放置入短切丝(3)，短切丝(3)的一端伸入缠绕层内，另一端伸出缠绕层外。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能长丝布，其特征在于其中芯材(4)是单根丝或两根及以上组合丝束，所述的单根丝材质与所述的丝层丝同质或不同质，还包括采用弹性橡胶条(7)；所述的丝束是与所述的丝层同质或不同质，包括不同质的丝混合组成，还包括弹性橡胶条(7)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能长丝布，其特征在于单向丝层(1)中还包括按比例放置入弹性橡胶条(7)，弹性橡胶条(7)的直径等于或小于单向丝层5的厚度。
  5. 根据权利要求1或3所述的多功能长丝布，其特征在于单向丝层(5)中放置入螺旋形丝条(1)、弹性橡胶条(7)的任一种或两种的丝层制造交织布、经编布、多轴向针缝布、多轴向无纺布及其预浸布。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的多功能长丝布，其特征在于所述多轴向无纺布每单向丝层(5)与丝层间采用喷雾形成的点状体粘合料粘合，还包括长丝单根丝(6)紧密排列每单向丝层(5)，按比例放置入螺旋形丝条(1)加工成预浸布，所述预浸布是每单向丝层(5)采用预浸料将丝层与丝层之间粘合加工成无纺预浸布。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的多功能长丝布，其特征在于所述的每单向丝层(5)的厚度是相同，还包括不相同。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的多功能长丝布，其特征在于所述的多轴向是0°、-45°、45°、90°方向，布的方向或层数自由设定。
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