WO2018218958A1 - 一种无纺布 - Google Patents

一种无纺布 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018218958A1
WO2018218958A1 PCT/CN2018/000014 CN2018000014W WO2018218958A1 WO 2018218958 A1 WO2018218958 A1 WO 2018218958A1 CN 2018000014 W CN2018000014 W CN 2018000014W WO 2018218958 A1 WO2018218958 A1 WO 2018218958A1
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Prior art keywords
single layer
nonwoven fabric
warp
weft
fabric according
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PCT/CN2018/000014
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English (en)
French (fr)
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骆恩浩
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骆恩浩
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Publication of WO2018218958A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018218958A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/12—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with filaments or yarns secured together by chemical or thermo-activatable bonding agents, e.g. adhesives, applied or incorporated in liquid or solid form
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/60—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in dry state, e.g. thermo-activatable agents in solid or molten state, and heat being applied subsequently
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles
    • D04H3/045—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles for net manufacturing

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of manufacturing composite materials using fibers as a reinforcing material and plastic as a base material, which comprises carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, boron fiber and the like.
  • the fiber portion of the composite material as a reinforcing material is mainly a woven fabric in which a fiber filament bundle is warp-weaved by a liquid resin, a liquid resin hand paste, an injection or a pre-dip method, and a thermosetting composite material, but
  • the high flexural wave generated by the warp and weft interlacing of the woven fabric reduces the fiber ratio in the volume of the composite material, and the bending of the filament reduces the tensile strength.
  • the composite product is generally formed by stacking a plurality of woven fabrics, and the shear resistance between the layers is poor.
  • the warp and weft interwoven woven fabric has almost no tensile strength in the diagonal direction between the warp and weft.
  • the various non-woven fabrics of the prior art are not suitable for use in the composite materials, and mainly have problems such as poor tensile strength, low fiber ratio in the volume of the composite material, and difficulty in infiltrating the fluid substrate, such as fiber length.
  • the invention solves the reinforcing material in the composite material with the fiber as the reinforcing material and the plastic as the base material, the defect problem of the fiber filament bundle warp and weft interlaced cloth, and the interlacing of the interlaced warp and weft
  • the flexor wave height increases the specific gravity of the tow in the unit volume, so that the fabric has tensile strength in the diagonal direction of the warp and weft direction, so that the fluid substrate in the composite material is easily injected into the layers of the infiltrated fiber tow layer during the processing. Increase the interlaminar shear force.
  • a non-woven fabric characterized in that: a non-woven fabric in which filaments are arranged in a flat surface and is bonded by a plurality of flat flat surfaces, the flat surface further comprising a plurality of single-group tows arranged in parallel and closely arranged.
  • One or more sets of tow positions are left with empty gap positions to form a unit group, and a plurality of unit groups are cyclically arranged into a flat surface single layer, and the single layers are respectively arranged in a warp direction single layer and a weft direction single layer.
  • the single layer and the single layer in different directions are bonded by a drop-shaped adhesive material, and are superposed and bonded into a multilayer nonwoven fabric by a single layer in different directions.
  • the single set of tows is characterized by a single wire, a chopped wire, and a mixed yarn of different filaments, a mixed yarn and a mixed yarn thereof.
  • the short cut wire is placed.
  • the chopped strands are characterized by a straight shape, a curved shape, a spiral shape or a mixture of two or more thereof.
  • the drop-shaped adhesive material further characterized by a bead-shaped, mist-like adhesive material.
  • the multilayer nonwoven fabric is characterized in that the single layer stacking order in different directions is freely set.
  • the multilayer body is further characterized by adding a single layer in a certain direction or subtracting a single layer in a certain direction.
  • the multi-layer non-woven fabric further includes a reinforcing material suitable for a composite material using a fiber as a reinforcing material and a plastic as a base material.
  • the multilayer nonwoven fabric is further characterized in that a single layer in each direction is bonded by a prepreg process.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the warp direction
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a single layer in the weft direction
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the left single layer of the diagonal between the warp and weft.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the right single layer of the diagonal between the warp and weft
  • the embodiment of the present invention is applicable to a composite material in which a fiber is used as a reinforcing material and a plastic is used as a substrate.
  • the reinforcing material is made of carbon fiber, and the carbon fiber is a bundle of carbon fiber filaments.
  • the tow 1 is arranged in a plurality of sets of tow planes, wherein the position of the tows of 1 or more sets is left with a gap position 2 to form a unit group, and the plurality of unit groups are cyclically arranged into a flat surface single layer. .
  • each layer unit group A curved chopped aramid fiber short yarn is placed in the empty gap position, and any one of the two layers of the single layer has a flat surface other than the empty gap position, and the same short wire is placed in a smaller amount than the empty gap position.
  • a single layer in either direction, depending on the application, may be added as a single layer or a single layer, and then sprayed into a droplet bond between the layers using a spray-type adhesive material to form a multilayer nonwoven fabric.
  • the tow comprises a wire, a fiber filament, a fiber chopped wire or a mixture of two or more thereof.
  • the multilayer nonwoven fabric is also suitable for use in a general-purpose nonwoven fabric for general use, and includes a nonwoven fabric having a tensile strength requirement for a diagonal between the warp and weft directions of the nonwoven fabric.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

一种无纺布，由多层粘合而成，每层采用多个单组丝束（1）紧密排列，其中按一定的距离设置空间隙位置（2），在层与层之间的各层空间隙位置（2）中和某一层其余平形面上放置短切丝，采用经、纬方向层（3、4），经纬方向间对角线的左层（5）和右层（6），由各层叠加粘合而成，所述的无纺布，单位体积中丝束（1）比重增加，经纬向之间各个对角线方向具有抗拉强力，层间剪切力增加，适用于以纤维为加强材料，塑料为基材的复合材料的加强材料，还可适用多种用途，是具有拉伸强度高、抗扭曲力强，层间抗剪切力强，柔软性好的无纺布。

Description

[根据细则26改正12.02.2018]　一种无纺布 技术领域
本发明涉及一种以纤维为加強材料、塑料为基材的复合材料制造领域，其中包括碳纤维、玻璃纤维、芳纶纤维、硼纤维等。
背景技术
所述复合材料中作为加強材料的纤维部份，目前主要是以纤维长丝束经纬交织成的织造布，通过液体树脂手糊、注入或预浸方式，再经热固成形的复合材料，但该种织造布因经纬交织而产生的曲屈波高，使复合材料体积中纤维比降低，长丝弯曲使抗拉強力降低。
所述复合材料产品一般由多层织造布叠加而成，层间抗剪切力差。
所述经纬交织的织造布，经纬间对角线方向几乎无抗拉強力。
现有技术的各种无织造布，都不适合应用于所述的复合材料，主要存在抗拉強力差、复合材料体积中纤维比低，流体基材注入浸透不容易等问题，例如采用纤维长丝刺法针而成的网络布方式，如申请号201410035234.X，一种连续纤维非织造布及其制造方法，采用单层或双层成网法，经过刺法针，经过轻微的热粘合而成的非织造布。
技术问题
要解决的技术问题；本发明要解决以纤维为加強材料、塑料为基材的复合材料中的加強材料，纤维长丝束经纬交织布存在的前面所述的缺陷问题，去除交织布经纬交织产生的曲屈波高，增加单位体积中丝束比重，使布料在经纬方向的对角方向具有抗拉强力，使在加工过程中复合材料中的流体基材容易注入浸透纤维丝束层各层中，增加层间剪切力。
技术解决方案
一种无纺布，其特征是采用长丝排列成平形面，由多层平形面粘合而成的无纺布，所述的平形面，还包括由多个单组丝束平行紧密排列、其中1组或2组以上丝束位置留有空间隙位置而构成单元组，由多个单元组循环排列成平形面单层，所述的单层分别排列成经方向单层，纬方向单层、经纬方向之间对角线的左单层，经纬方向之间对角线的右单层。不同方向的单层与单层之间，采用滴状形粘合材料粘合，由各个不同方向的单层，叠加粘合成多层体无纺布。
所述的单组丝束，其特征包括单根丝，短切丝线，还包括不同材质丝的混合丝、混合线及其混合丝线。
所述的单层与单层之间，其特征是在每个平形面单层中的空间隙位置中，及任1单 层的多个单组丝束平行紧密排列的表面，放置短切丝。
所述的短切丝，其特征包括直形、弯曲形、螺旋形或其中2种以上的混合。
所述的滴状形粘合材料，其特征还包括圆珠形，雾状体粘合材料。
所述的多层体无纺布，其特征是不同方向的单层叠加顺序自由设置。
所述的多层体，其特征还包括增加某方向单层或减去某方向单层。
所述的多层体无纺布，其特征还包括适用于以纤维为加强材料，塑料为基材的复合材料的加强材料。
所述的多层体无纺布，其特征还包括采用预浸工艺粘合各方向单层。
附图说明
图1是经方向单层示意图
图2是纬方向单层示意图
图3是经纬之间对角线的左单层示意图
图4是经纬之间对角线的右单层示意图
图中：
1、丝束
2、空间隙位置
3、经方向单层
4、纬方向单层
5、经纬之间对角线的左单层
6、经纬之间对角线的右单层
发明的实施方式
以下结合实施例为本发明作详细的描述：
如图1至图4所示：本发明实施例适用于以纤维为加强材料，塑料为基材的复合材料。加强材料采用碳纤维，所述的碳纤维是碳纤维长丝束。所述的丝束1采用多组丝束平面排列，其中按1组或2组以上的丝束的位置留有空间隙位置2，形成单元组，由多个单元组循环排列成平型面单层。按所述的单层方式排列成经方向单层3，纬方向单层4，经纬方向间对角线的左单层5，经纬方向间对角线的右单层6，每层单元组之中的空间隙位置中放置弯曲型短切芳纶纤维短丝，每2层单层中的任一层除了空间隙位置以外的平型面、也放置比空间隙位置量少些的相同短丝。任一方向的单层，根据用途所需，可增加单层或减少单层，之后在层与层之间采用喷雾型粘合材料喷成滴状体粘合，加工成多层体无纺布。
所述的实施例中丝束包括采用金属丝、纤维长丝、纤维短切丝线或其中2种以上混合，
所述的多层体无纺布，还适用于一般用途的通用型无纺布的使用范围，还包括对无纺布经纬方向间对角线有抗拉强力需求的无纺布。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种无纺布，其特征是采用长丝排列成平形面，由多层平形面粘合而成，所述的平形面还包括由多个单组丝束平行紧密排列、其中1组或2组以上丝束位置留有空间隙位置而构成单元组，由多个单元组循环排列成平形面单层，所述的单层分别排列成经方向单层，纬方向单层、经纬方向之间对角线的左单层，经纬方向之间对角线的右单层，不同方向的单层与单层之间，采用滴状形粘合材料粘合，由各个不同方向的单层，叠加粘合成多层体无纺布。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种无纺布，其特征是所述的单组丝束还包括单根丝，短切丝线，还包括不同材质丝的混合丝、混合线及其混合丝线。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种无纺布，其特征是所述的单层与单层之间，还包括在每个平形面单层中的空间隙位置中，及任1单层的多个单组丝束平行紧密排列的表面，放置短切丝。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种无纺布，其特征是权利要求3中所述的短切丝还包括直形、弯曲形、螺旋形或其中2种以上的混合。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种无纺布，其特征是所述的滴状形粘合材料还包括圆珠形，雾状体粘合材料。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种无纺布，其特征是所述的多层体无纺布是不同方向的单层叠加顺序自由设置。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种无纺布，其特征是所述的多层体还包括增加某方向单层或减去某方向单层。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种无纺布，其特征是所述的多层体无纺布还包括适用于以纤维为加强材料，塑料为基材的复合材料的加强材料。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种无纺布，其特征是所述的多层体无纺布还包括釆用预浸工艺粘合各方向单层。
PCT/CN2018/000014 2017-05-27 2018-01-15 一种无纺布 WO2018218958A1 (zh)

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CN106988022A (zh) * 2017-05-27 2017-07-28 杭州友凯船艇有限公司 一种无纺布
CN107245812B (zh) * 2017-08-01 2024-01-16 杭州友凯船艇有限公司 一种无纺布制造机
CN107630295A (zh) * 2017-11-16 2018-01-26 杭州友凯船艇有限公司 一种多向长丝无纺布层间剪切力增强的方法
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BR112020007694B1 (pt) 2017-11-29 2022-12-13 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc Método para produzir um substrato multicamada formado por espuma
CN108625015A (zh) * 2018-06-28 2018-10-09 杭州友凯船艇有限公司 一种多功能长丝布
CN110406132A (zh) * 2019-07-19 2019-11-05 杭州友凯船艇有限公司 长丝布层间均匀铺设短切丝的技术方案
CN111379417A (zh) * 2020-03-17 2020-07-07 天津通鸿防水保温工程有限公司 一种360度全密封防水一体化处理方法
CN115366445B (zh) * 2022-10-25 2023-01-31 吉林国兴复合材料有限公司 一种35-50k碳纤维板材的生产工艺及碳纤维板材

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