WO2020012839A1 - ダウンホールツール - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- WO2020012839A1 WO2020012839A1 PCT/JP2019/022564 JP2019022564W WO2020012839A1 WO 2020012839 A1 WO2020012839 A1 WO 2020012839A1 JP 2019022564 W JP2019022564 W JP 2019022564W WO 2020012839 A1 WO2020012839 A1 WO 2020012839A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- downhole tool
- resin composition
- melting point
- polyamide resin
- carboxylic anhydride
- Prior art date
Links
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
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- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 claims description 12
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- 229920006012 semi-aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K8/00—Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations
- C09K8/42—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells
- C09K8/426—Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells for plugging
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0033—Additives activating the degradation of the macromolecular compound
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/15—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring
- C08K5/151—Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring having one oxygen atom in the ring
- C08K5/1535—Five-membered rings
- C08K5/1539—Cyclic anhydrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
- C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
- C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
- C08K7/14—Glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L77/00—Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L77/10—Polyamides derived from aromatically bound amino and carboxyl groups of amino-carboxylic acids or of polyamines and polycarboxylic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L79/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon only, not provided for in groups C08L61/00 - C08L77/00
- C08L79/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
- C08L79/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B23/00—Apparatus for displacing, setting, locking, releasing or removing tools, packers or the like in boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
- E21B33/134—Bridging plugs
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/16—Enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B2200/00—Special features related to earth drilling for obtaining oil, gas or water
- E21B2200/08—Down-hole devices using materials which decompose under well-bore conditions
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a downhole tool.
- Hydrocarbon resources such as petroleum (including shale oil) or natural gas (including shale gas) are wells (oil or gas wells) that have a porous and permeable underground layer. Have been mined and produced. With the increase in energy consumption, wells are becoming deeper, and there are records of excavations exceeding 9000 m in the world, and deep wells exceeding 6000 m in Japan. In wells where mining continues, production is carried out in order to continuously and efficiently extract hydrocarbon resources from underground layers whose permeability has decreased over time, and from underground layers where permeability is originally insufficient. Stimulation of the layers is performed, and acid treatment and crushing methods are known as stimulation methods.
- Acid treatment is a method of increasing the permeability of the production layer by injecting acids such as hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid into the production layer and dissolving the reaction components (carbonate, clay mineral, silicate, etc.) of the rock.
- acids such as hydrochloric acid and hydrofluoric acid
- reaction components carbonate, clay mineral, silicate, etc.
- various problems associated with the use of strong acids have been pointed out, and an increase in cost including various measures has been pointed out. Therefore, there is a hydraulic fracturing method (also referred to as "fracturing") in which pores are formed in a production layer using fluid pressure, and a crack is formed in a production layer. Attention has been paid.
- Hydraulic fracturing is a method in which drilling and cracking are generated in a production layer by fluid pressure such as water pressure (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “hydraulic pressure”).
- fluid pressure such as water pressure (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as “hydraulic pressure”).
- a vertical hole is excavated, After drilling a horizontal hole in a stratum several thousand meters below the ground by bending a small hole, those well holes (meaning holes provided for forming wells, sometimes referred to as “downholes”). ), A fluid such as a fracturing fluid is fed at a high pressure, and cracks (fractures) or the like are generated in a deep underground production layer (a layer producing hydrocarbon resources such as oil or natural gas) by water pressure.
- a method of stimulating the production layer to collect and recover hydrocarbon resources through Hydraulic fracturing has attracted attention for its effectiveness in developing unconventional resources such as shale oil (oil aged in shale) and shale gas.
- ⁇ Fractures and the like formed by fluid pressure such as water pressure are immediately closed by stratum pressure when the water pressure is lost.
- the fracturing fluid fed at a high pressure ie, the well treatment fluid used for fracturing
- an inorganic or organic material is used as a proppant to be contained in the fracturing fluid.However, since it is possible to prevent blockage of the fracturing in a deep underground environment of high temperature and pressure for as long as possible, conventionally, Silica, alumina and other inorganic particles are used, and sand particles, for example, 20/40 mesh sand are widely used.
- fracturing fluids Various types of water-based, oil-based, and emulsion are used as well treatment fluids sent at high pressure such as fracturing fluids. Since the well treatment fluid is required to have a function of transporting proppant to a place where a fracture occurs in the wellbore, the well treatment fluid usually has a predetermined viscosity, has good proppant dispersibility, and Ease of processing and low environmental load are required.
- the fracturing fluid may contain a channelant between proppants for the purpose of forming a flow path through which shale oil, shale gas, and the like can pass. Therefore, in addition to proppant, various additives such as channelants, gelling agents, and scale inhibitors, acids for dissolving rocks and the like, and friction reducing agents are used in the well treatment fluid.
- a deep underground production layer a layer that produces hydrocarbon resources such as petroleum such as shale oil or natural gas such as shale gas
- fluid sent at high pressure Usually employs the following method.
- a predetermined section was partially closed while being sequentially stopped from the tip of the wellbore, and the closed area was closed. Fluid is pumped into the compartment at high pressure, causing cracks and perforations in the production layer.
- the next predetermined section usually, a section before the preceding section, that is, a section on the ground side
- this step is repeatedly performed until necessary sealing and formation of cracks and perforations are completed.
- the production layer may be stimulated again for a desired section of an already formed wellbore. At that time, operations such as blocking of the wellbore and fracturing may be repeated. In addition, in order to finish the well, the well may be closed to block fluid from below, and after finishing the upper portion, the blockage may be released.
- various tools are used to perform required operations, and these tools are collectively referred to as “downhole tool”. It is said that
- Patent Document 1 discloses an invention relating to a Ni-based alloy excellent in high strength and high corrosion resistance in a high-temperature corrosive environment. It is disclosed that a Ni-based alloy has high strength (tensile test, 0.2% proof stress) of 1200 MPa or more, and that a member for oil drilling is formed by the Ni-based alloy.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a downhole tool formed of a polyglycolic acid resin, which can be used under severe and various well environment conditions and is easily removed as required.
- Patent Document 3 discloses a downhole tool in which a polyamide button is arranged around an end ring.
- Patent Literature 1 The downhole tool described in Patent Literature 1 is not designed so that it can be unblocked and recovered after use, so it is broken or fragmented by crushing, drilling out, or other methods.
- crushing, drilling, and the like require a lot of expense and time.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a downhole tool using polyglycolic acid as a degradable material.
- the downhole tool described in Patent Literature 2 can be used in a more severe high-temperature environment. There is a need for a downhole tool that can be disassembled after use while maintaining strength.
- Patent Document 3 discloses that a polyamide resin is used for a button, but does not disclose any decomposability of the polyamide resin.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a novel downhole tool that has a high initial compressive strength, can maintain the compressive strength for a certain period of time, and can be quickly disassembled after use.
- the purpose is to:
- a downhole tool is formed from a degradable resin composition containing a polyamide resin and a carboxylic acid anhydride, and the carboxylic acid anhydride is The following conditions: The compound satisfies the melting point of the polyamide-based resin ⁇ the temperature at which the carboxylic acid anhydride loses 5% by weight.
- the downhole tool according to one aspect of the present invention has a high initial compressive strength, can maintain the compressive strength for a certain period of time, and can be quickly disassembled after use. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a novel downhole tool that maintains its strength during use even in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment and decomposes quickly after use.
- Downhole tools are broadly used as a concept that includes a drilling rig and its power source for further drilling of a well, as well as sensors and communication devices that obtain and exchange the position and drilling information of various tools.
- it may be used as a concept including a plug and a downhole tool member which is a member constituting the plug described later.
- a downhole tool is a tool that is used in a well drilling operation and that needs to be removed by some method at a stage where production of oil and gas is started, and It means a member that constitutes the device.
- a downhole tool As an example of a downhole tool, i) a downhole tool made of a degradable resin composition or a member thereof, for example, a ball sealer made of a degradable resin composition and a ball sheet made of the degradable resin composition, and ii) A downhole tool including a member made of a degradable resin composition or a member thereof, for example, a plug including a mandrel made of a degradable resin composition (such as a flack plug or a bridge plug) and a plug provided with a ring made of a degradable resin composition And both.
- the term “downhole tool” may include the meaning of “downhole tool member constituting the downhole tool”.
- the downhole tool is removed after being used in the wellbore, but as a means for realizing the same, for example, there is a means for forming the downhole tool using a degradable resin having hydrolyzability.
- the degradability of the degradable resin refers to biodegradability in which the fracturing fluid or the like is degraded by microorganisms in the soil in which the fracturing fluid is used, or a solvent such as the fracturing fluid, particularly water, and further, if desired, an acid or alkali.
- Decomposability which has a hydrolyzability that decomposes under certain conditions, and degradability that can be chemically decomposed by some other method, for example, under heating conditions at a predetermined temperature or higher.
- a downhole tool is a downhole tool formed from a degradable resin composition including a polyamide resin and a carboxylic anhydride, and includes a melting point of the polyamide resin and a carboxylic anhydride.
- the 5% weight loss temperature satisfies the condition of Expression (1) described later.
- the decomposable resin composition forming the downhole tool according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a polyamide resin and a carboxylic anhydride, and has a melting point of the polyamide resin, a 5% weight loss temperature of the carboxylic anhydride, and Satisfy the condition of the following equation (1). Melting point of polyamide resin ⁇ 5% weight loss temperature of carboxylic anhydride (1)
- the decomposable resin composition is melt-kneaded by selecting the polyamide resin and the carboxylic anhydride contained in the decomposable resin composition so as to satisfy the condition of the formula (1), and a downhole tool is formed. In this case, it is possible to prevent the carboxylic anhydride from volatilizing and generating bubbles. For this reason, the inside of the downhole tool is suppressed, and the initial compressive strength is higher than that of the downhole tool having bubbles.
- the decomposable resin composition has a melting point of the polyamide resin and a 5% weight loss temperature of the carboxylic anhydride satisfying the condition of the above formula (1), and a melting point of the carboxylic acid anhydride and a melting point of the polyamide resin. More preferably satisfies the condition of the following expression (2). Melting point of carboxylic anhydride ⁇ melting point of polyamide resin + 50 ° C. (2) When the melting point of the polyamide resin and the melting point of the carboxylic anhydride satisfy the condition of the formula (2), the polyamide resin is not excessively heated at a temperature at which the carboxylic anhydride can be melted. The decomposable resin composition can be melt-kneaded.
- a decomposable resin composition in which a carboxylic anhydride is uniformly dispersed in a polyamide resin can be obtained. That is, the decomposable resin composition for forming the downhole tool according to one embodiment, at a temperature higher than the melting point of the carboxylic anhydride and the melting point of the polyamide resin, the carboxylic anhydride and the polyamide resin Is obtained by kneading both in a molten state.
- the polyamide resin is a ring-opening (co) polymer of caprolactam or a co-condensation polymer of a polycarboxylic acid and a diamine.
- the polyamide resin may be a combination of two or more polyamide resins having different structures.
- the ring-opened (co) polymer is a general term for a ring-opened polymer and a ring-opened copolymer.
- the polyamide resin may be a ring-opening polymer of one kind of caprolactam or a ring-opening copolymer of two or more kinds of caprolactam.
- the caprolactam used in the ring-opening polymer or ring-opening copolymer includes caprolactam having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, such as ⁇ -caprolactam, undecanecaprolactam, and laurylcaprolactam.
- the polyamide resin may be a copolycondensate of a polyvalent carboxylic acid and a diamine.
- aromatic polycarboxylic acids used for the copolycondensation polymer are roughly classified into aromatic polycarboxylic acids and aliphatic polycarboxylic acids.
- the aromatic polycarboxylic acid is, for example, an aromatic polycarboxylic acid having an aromatic structure such as a benzene skeleton and a naphthalene skeleton, and more specifically, for example, isophthalic acid, orthophthalic acid, and terephthalic acid.
- Aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid; aromatic tricarboxylic acids such as 1,2,4-trimellitic acid; 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid; Aromatic tetracarboxylic acids such as 3,3,4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic acid and pyromellitic acid; and anhydrides of these aromatic polycarboxylic acids.
- An aromatic polycarboxylic acid and its anhydride may be used in combination.
- the aliphatic polycarboxylic acid is an aliphatic polycarboxylic acid having a linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon structure having 4 to 18 carbon atoms, and more specifically, for example, adipine Acids and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as sebacic acid; aliphatic tricarboxylic acids such as cyclohexanetricarboxylic acid; aliphatic tetracarboxylic acids such as 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid and cyclobutanetetracarboxylic acid Carboxylic acids; and anhydrides of these aliphatic polycarboxylic acids, and two or more aliphatic polycarboxylic acids and anhydrides thereof may be used in combination.
- adipine Acids and aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as sebacic acid
- aliphatic tricarboxylic acids such as cyclohexanetricarboxylic acid
- the aromatic diamine is, for example, an aromatic diamine having an aromatic structure such as a benzene skeleton and a naphthalene skeleton, and more specifically, for example, diaminobenzene, xylylenediamine, 4,4′-diaminobiphenyl And 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether.
- the aliphatic diamine is an aliphatic diamine having a linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon structure having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and more specifically, for example, methylpentadiamine, hexamethylenediamine , Cyclohexanediamine, and aliphatic diamines such as nonanediamine.
- the melting point of the polyamide resin is 150 ° C. or higher, more preferably 160 ° C. or higher, and more preferably 170 ° C. or higher, from the viewpoint of suitably maintaining the compressive strength of the downhole tool in a higher temperature environment. Most preferred.
- the melting point of the polyamide-based resin is not limited, but from the viewpoint that the carboxylic acid anhydride can be suitably melt-kneaded in the polyamide-based resin, the melting point is 350 ° C or less and 330 ° C or less. It is more preferable that the temperature be 320 ° C. or lower.
- polyamide resins examples include nylon 6 (melting point 225 ° C.), nylon 11 (melting point 187 ° C.), nylon 12 (melting point 176 ° C.), nylon 66 (melting point 265 ° C.), nylon 6T (melting point 290 ° C.), Nylon 9T (melting point 306 ° C.) and MXD6 nylon (melting point 237 ° C.).
- the melting point of the polyamide-based resin described in this specification should be referred to as a representative value. More specifically, the melting point of the polyamide-based resin is a melting point determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurement. .
- the melting point of the polyamide-based resin is determined by a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurement under a nitrogen atmosphere at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min at a heating rate of 50 ° C. to 400 ° C. Can be obtained from DSC.
- the polyamide resin is a semi-aromatic polyamide having an aromatic structure derived from an aromatic polycarboxylic acid or an aromatic diamine, or from the viewpoint of increasing the initial compressive strength in the decomposable resin composition, or It is preferably an aromatic tricarboxylic acid, an aromatic tetracarboxylic acid, an aliphatic tricarboxylic acid, or a polyamideimide having an imide bond derived from the aliphatic tetracarboxylic acid.
- the semi-aromatic polyamide include the above-mentioned nylon 6T, nylon 9T, and MXD6 nylon.
- a polyamide resin having an aromatic structure is preferable.
- semi-aromatic polyamide for example, Vestamide (registered trademark) (manufactured by Daicel Evonik), Arlen (registered trademark) (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.) and the like are commercially available.
- polyamideimide for example, Torlon (registered trademark) (manufactured by Solvay) is commercially available.
- a polyamide resin serving as a main resin component of the decomposable resin composition is a caprolactam ring-opening polymer or ring-opening copolymer, Alternatively, it is preferably a cocondensation polymer of a polyvalent carboxylic acid and a diamine.
- the polyamide-based resin includes a polyamide that is a ring-opened (co) polymer or a co-condensed polymer as a hard segment, and further includes polyether and polyester.
- thermoplastic elastomer of a polyamide resin provided as a soft segment, but is preferably not a thermoplastic elastomer of a polyamide resin from the viewpoint of more suitably maintaining the compressive strength under a high-temperature environment.
- the decomposable resin composition contains a carboxylic anhydride as a decomposition accelerator.
- carboxylic anhydride examples include monocarboxylic anhydride such as benzoic anhydride (melting point 42 ° C., boiling point 360 ° C.), diglycolic anhydride (melting point 91-93 ° C., boiling point 240-241 ° C.), isophthalic anhydride
- Dicarboxylic acid anhydrides such as acid anhydrides (melting point 131-134 ° C., boiling point 284 ° C.); tricarboxylic acid anhydrides such as trimellitic anhydride (melting point 163-166 ° C., boiling point 390 ° C.); 2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (melting point 286 ° C., boiling point 397-400 ° C.), 3,3 ′, 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride
- a carboxylic anhydride satisfying the condition of the above formula (1) is selected, and more preferably, a melting point satisfying the condition of the above formula (2) is selected.
- the content of the carboxylic anhydride in the decomposable resin composition is preferably in the range of 0.1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less, and more preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 7% by mass or less based on the polyamide resin. It is more preferably in the range of not more than 0.2% by mass, and most preferably in the range of not less than 0.2% by mass and not more than 5% by mass.
- a predetermined time elapses after the use of the downhole tool molded from the degradable resin composition is started. During this time, the downhole tool can be quickly disassembled while maintaining the compressive strength of the downhole tool.
- the content of the carboxylic anhydride is 10% by mass or less, it is possible to prevent the initial strength of the downhole tool from decreasing and the strength from rapidly decreasing in a high-temperature environment.
- the decomposable resin composition forming the downhole tool according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a reinforcing material.
- the downhole tool can increase the compressive strength by including the reinforcing material in the decomposable resin composition in a predetermined ratio, and furthermore, is hardly damaged by contact or collision with various members used for well drilling. Impact resistance can be obtained.
- the content of the reinforcing material in the decomposable resin composition for forming the downhole tool can be appropriately determined according to the compressive strength required for the downhole tool, and includes a polyamide resin, a carboxylic anhydride, and a reinforcement.
- a polyamide resin preferably 10% by mass to 50% by mass, and more preferably 15% by mass to 50% by mass. More preferably, it is within.
- the reinforcing material includes a fiber reinforcing material such as an inorganic fiber reinforcing material and an organic fiber reinforcing material, and a particulate reinforcing material.
- the inorganic fiber reinforcing material examples include inorganic fibers such as glass fiber (GF), carbon fiber, asbestos fiber, silica fiber, alumina fiber, zirconia fiber, boron nitride fiber, silicon nitride fiber, boron fiber, and potassium titanate fiber; Alloy fibers or metal fibers of stainless steel, aluminum, titanium, steel, brass and the like; and the like.
- the inorganic fiber reinforcing material is a short fiber having a length of usually 10 mm or less, preferably 1 to 6 mm, more preferably 1.5 to 4 mm, and glass fiber is particularly preferable.
- organic fiber reinforcing material examples include, for example, high melting point organic fibers formed of polyamide resin, polyester resin, acrylic resin, fluororesin, etc., and a downhole tool or a machine of a decomposable resin composition forming the member. From the viewpoints of strength, impact resistance, and decomposability, organic fiber reinforcing materials belonging to so-called high-performance / high-performance fibers or super fibers having high strength, abrasion resistance, heat resistance and the like are preferably exemplified.
- aramid fibers (wholly aromatic polyamide fibers) such as Kevlar (registered trademark), Twaron (registered trademark), Technora (registered trademark), and Nomex (registered trademark); and polyparaffins such as Zylon (registered trademark) Phenylene benzobisoxazole fiber; polyarylate fiber (polyester) such as Vectran (registered trademark); tetrafluoroethylene fiber such as Toyofuron (registered trademark) and Teflon (registered trademark); ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber such as Dyneema (registered trademark) And the like. Particularly preferred are aramid fibers and polyparaphenylene benzobisoxazole fibers.
- the organic fiber reinforcing material has a fiber diameter of preferably 0.5 to 100 ⁇ m, more preferably 1 to 80 ⁇ m, and still more preferably 3 to 50 ⁇ m.
- the fiber length of the organic fiber reinforcing material is preferably 10 mm or less, more preferably 0.5 to 9 mm, and still more preferably 1 to 8 mm. If the fiber diameter or fiber length is too small, the mechanical strength required for a downhole tool may not be obtained. If the fiber diameter or fiber length is too large, the decomposability may decrease or the moldability may deteriorate.
- particulate reinforcing materials include mica, silica, talc, alumina, kaolin, calcium sulfate, calcium carbonate, titanium oxide, ferrite, clay, glass powder (milled fiber, etc.), zinc oxide, nickel carbonate, iron oxide, quartz powder , Magnesium carbonate, barium sulfate and the like can be used.
- the particle size of the particulate reinforcing material is usually 0.01 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m, preferably 0.05 to 500 ⁇ m, more preferably 0.1 to 200 ⁇ m.
- the reinforcing material may be treated with a sizing agent or a surface treatment agent as necessary.
- a sizing agent or surface treatment agent include functional compounds such as epoxy compounds, isocyanate compounds, silane compounds, and titanate compounds. These compounds may be used after subjecting the reinforcing material to a surface treatment or a sizing treatment in advance, or may be added simultaneously with the preparation of the downhole tool or the degradable resin composition for a member thereof.
- the inorganic fiber reinforcing material, the organic fiber reinforcing material, and the particulate reinforcing material can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the downhole tool according to one embodiment of the present invention the degradable resin composition forming the downhole tool, as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired, other reinforcing materials, and various additives of stabilizers, Other resin materials and the like may be contained as other compounding components.
- Examples of other various additives that can be included in the decomposable resin composition for forming the downhole tool according to one embodiment of the present invention include, for example, elastic materials such as various rubber materials and elastomer materials, and specific materials.
- elastic materials such as various rubber materials and elastomer materials, and specific materials.
- examples include thermoplastic elastomers such as acrylic rubber-containing methacrylate resins having a core-shell structure, degradable rubber materials or elastomer materials, and more specifically, for example, aliphatic polyester rubber, polyurethane rubber, and natural rubber.
- a rubber material or an elastomer material having a hydrolyzable functional group, and the like by including these, the toughness of the degradable resin composition is improved, and the impact resistance is further improved.
- Other compounding components may be in the form of fibers or particles, and may contain one or more kinds.
- the content of the other compounding components can be appropriately determined, but the total amount of the decomposable resin composition (that is, the polyamide resin, the carboxylic acid anhydride, and the reinforcing material to be compounded as necessary) is 100 mass%.
- the decomposable resin composition that is, the polyamide resin, the carboxylic acid anhydride, and the reinforcing material to be compounded as necessary
- it is usually 10 parts by mass or less, preferably 5 parts by mass or less, more preferably 3 parts by mass or less.
- the decomposable resin composition for molding the downhole tool according to one embodiment of the present invention preferably has an initial compressive strength at 140 ° C. of 60 MPa or more.
- the compressive strength can be measured as a uniaxial compressive strength according to JIS K7178. For details such as the size of the test piece, see the examples.
- the downhole tool has a compressive strength of 60 MPa or more after 24 hours from the initial stage at 140 ° C., it is necessary to maintain sufficient strength for 1 day or more in a well in a high temperature environment of 140 ° C. Can be. Further, if the compressive strength at 140 ° C. after 120 hours is 60 MPa or less, then hydrolysis can be quickly performed in a well under a high temperature environment of 140 ° C.
- a plug shown in FIG. 1 and which is an example of a downhole tool constituted by a plurality of downhole tool members will be described.
- a typical structure of a plug (such as a flack plug or a bridge plug) that is a downhole tool is a mandrel 1 (a hollow tubular body) that is a downhole tool member that extends in the direction in which the downhole extends.
- the outer diameter is about 30 to 200 mm and the length is about 250 to 2000 mm.), And both are spaced apart from each other on the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel 1 in the axial direction of the mandrel 1.
- a ball sealer (ball) 10 which is a downhole tool member is provided in a hollow portion h of the mandrel 1, and a circular shape having a smaller diameter than the ball sealer 10 is provided at the center.
- a substantially annular ball seat 11 having a void.
- the ball sealer 10 and the ball seat 11 provided in the hollow portion h of the mandrel 1 can both move along the axial direction of the mandrel 1 inside the hollow portion h of the mandrel 1. Abuts or separates from the circular gap of the ball seat 11 to adjust the flow direction of the fluid.
- the annular rubber member 2 expands in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the mandrel 1 as it is compressed in the axial direction of the mandrel 1 and reduced in diameter, and the outer rubber member 2 contacts the inner wall H of the downhole.
- the space between the plug and the down hole is closed (sealed) by being in contact with and in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel 1.
- the downhole tool includes, for example, a downhole tool member formed of a degradable resin composition for at least a part of the downhole tool member configuring the plug as described above.
- the volume ratio of the at least one downhole tool member molded from the decomposable resin composition to the downhole tool is more preferably 50% or more of the entire downhole tool.
- the downhole tool members other than the annular rubber member 2 that is, the mandrel 1, the slips 3a and 3b, the wedges 4a and 4b, the rings 5a and 5b, the ball sealer 10
- the ball sheet 11 is formed of a decomposable resin composition.
- the production method of the decomposable resin composition for molding the downhole tool is not limited, as long as the polyamide resin, the carboxylic anhydride, and the reinforcing material that is blended if necessary can be melt-kneaded, the production apparatus is not limited. .
- the polyamide resin and the carboxylic anhydride used for the decomposable resin composition are selected so as to satisfy the following formula (1), and the melting point of the selected polyamide resin is determined. At a temperature higher than the corresponding temperature, the polyamide resin and the carboxylic anhydride are melt-kneaded. Melting point of polyamide resin ⁇ 5% weight loss temperature of carboxylic anhydride (1) Thereby, when melt-kneading the decomposable resin composition, it is possible to prevent the carboxylic anhydride from volatilizing and generating bubbles.
- the melting point of the polyamide resin and the 5% weight loss temperature of the carboxylic acid anhydride satisfy the condition of the above formula (1).
- the polyamide resin and the carboxylic anhydride are selected so that the melting point of the resin satisfies the condition of the following formula (2), and the melting point of the polyamide resin is determined at a temperature corresponding to a melting point higher than the melting point of the carboxylic anhydride.
- carboxylic anhydride are more preferably melt-kneaded. Melting point of carboxylic anhydride ⁇ melting point of polyamide resin + 50 ° C.
- the carboxylic anhydride is volatilized when the decomposable resin composition is melt-kneaded, and while preventing the generation of bubbles, the decomposable resin composition is melt-kneaded so as to melt the carboxylic anhydride. can do. For this reason, a decomposable resin composition in which the carboxylic anhydride is uniformly dispersed in the polyamide resin can be obtained.
- the decomposable resin composition may be melt-kneaded, then pelletized in advance, and the pelletized decomposable resin composition may be melt-kneaded to form a downhole tool.
- the temperature conditions for melting the pellets conform to the temperature conditions for melt-kneading the polyamide-based resin and the carboxylic acid anhydride, and the above formulas (1) and ( What is necessary is just to determine with reference to 2).
- a downhole tool for example, cast molding, compression molding, injection molding, extrusion molding, solidification extrusion molding, centrifugal molding and other known molding methods can be mentioned.
- a downhole tool may be formed from the decomposable resin composition or the pellet thereof.
- a preform for manufacturing the downhole tool is formed, and the preform is subjected to machining such as cutting and drilling as necessary, so that a ball-shaped downhole tool or a member thereof, and A downhole tool or a member thereof, which is a rod-shaped body, a hollow body, or a plate-shaped body having an irregular cross section (for example, a rod-shaped body and a hollow body having portions having different outer diameters and / or inner diameters in the longitudinal direction). You may. Further, a downhole tool or a member thereof may be manufactured by combining molded articles obtained by these manufacturing methods by a method known per se.
- the downhole tool according to one embodiment of the present invention is formed from a decomposable resin composition containing a polyamide resin and a carboxylic acid anhydride, and the carboxylic acid anhydride is The following melting point conditions: The compound satisfies the melting point of the polyamide-based resin ⁇ the temperature at which the carboxylic acid anhydride loses 5% by weight.
- the content of the carboxylic anhydride in the degradable resin composition may be 0.1% by mass or more and 10% by mass or less of the polyamide resin. More preferred.
- the carboxylic anhydride is 3,3 ′, 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid A group consisting of acid dianhydride, 3,3 ', 4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride, 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic dianhydride, and cyclobutanetetracarboxylic dianhydride More preferably, it is at least one selected from
- the degradable resin composition further includes a reinforcing material.
- the polyamide resin is a polyamideimide, a semi-aromatic polyamide, or a combination thereof.
- the downhole tool according to one aspect of the present invention is a downhole tool including a plurality of downhole tool members, wherein at least one of the plurality of downhole tool members includes the decomposable resin composition. More preferably, the volume ratio of the at least one downhole tool member formed of an object to the downhole tool is 50% or more of the entire downhole tool.
- the downhole tool according to one embodiment of the present invention is more preferably a plug.
- ⁇ Analysis method> Evaluation of compressive strength
- the compression strength was evaluated according to JIS K7178.
- a test piece having a cross section of 5 mm ⁇ 5 mm and a thickness of 3 mm was compressed in an oven at 140 ° C. at a speed of 10 mm / min to obtain a compression strain-compression stress curve.
- the inflection point of the obtained compression strain-compression stress curve was defined as the uniaxial compression strength.
- the stress at the time of breaking was defined as the uniaxial compressive strength.
- thermogravimetric device manufactured by METTLER TOLEDO
- TGA2 thermogravimetric device manufactured by METTLER TOLEDO
- Example 1 100 parts by weight of dried Vestamide HT plus R1035 Black (GF 50% containing 6T nylon) (melting point 310 ° C.) manufactured by Daicel Evonik Co., Ltd. is added to 3,3 ′, 4,4′-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (melting point 299 ° C.) , 5% weight loss temperature 325 ° C) and mixed at room temperature to obtain a mixture.
- the obtained mixture is a twin screw extruder 2D25S manufactured by Toyo Seiki Co., Ltd.
- the obtained pellet of the 6T nylon composition was injected into an injection molding machine IS-75E manufactured by Toshiba Machine Co., Ltd. (cylinder temperature: C1 / C2 / C3 / C4 / head part in order of 290 ° C / 320 ° C / 320 ° C / 320 ° C / 320 ° C / 320 ° C). , A mold temperature of 130 ° C., a screw rotation speed of 50 rpm, an injection speed of 20 mm / sec, and an injection pressure of 20 MPa) to obtain an injection molded piece of 5 mm ⁇ 5 mm ⁇ 3 mm having a good appearance of a rectangular parallelepiped.
- the temperature of the injection molding machine was set to be the same as the temperature during melt kneading.
- the obtained injection-molded pieces were held in hot water heated to 140 ° C. for 24 hours and 120 hours in an autoclave, taken out, dried in a dry air atmosphere at 120 ° C. for 2 hours, and then measured for compressive strength.
- the compression strength of the initial injection molded piece that was not held in hot water was also measured.
- the compressive strength when kept in hot water at 140 ° C. for 168 hours (7 days) was 35 MPa, and many cracks were observed on the surface of the injection molded piece.
- Example 1 Except for not adding 3,3 ', 4,4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride, an injection molded piece having a good appearance was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
- the obtained injection-molded piece was kept in hot water at 140 ° C. for 24 hours and 120 hours in an autoclave, taken out and dried for 2 hours in a dry air atmosphere at 120 ° C., and the compressive strength was measured.
- the compression strength of the initial injection molded piece that was not held in hot water was also measured.
- the injection molded piece of Comparative Example 1 has a compressive strength of 62 MPa when held in hot water of 140 ° C. for 456 hours (19 days), and the injection molded piece of Example 1 is kept in hot water of 140 ° C. for 168 hours. (7 days) No surface cracking as observed when held was observed.
- Injection-molded pieces were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that PGA (manufactured by Kureha Corporation, polyglycolic acid, melt viscosity 900 Pa ⁇ s) was used in place of the mixture of Example 1, and the cylinder temperature was changed to 230 to 250 ° C. Got.
- the compression strength of the obtained injection molded piece at 140 ° C. was 54 MPa in the initial stage.
- the present invention under severe and diverse mining conditions, performs well treatment under various well environment conditions, and then disassembles the well, thereby reducing the cost of well drilling and It can be used for a downhole tool that can contribute to shortening of the process.
- mandrel 2 annular rubber members 3a, 3b: slips 4a, 4b: wedges 5a, 5b: (one pair)
- ring 10 ball sealer (ball)
- Ball seat H Inner wall of downhole h: Hollow part of mandrel
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Abstract
Description
ポリアミド系樹脂の融点≦カルボン酸無水物の5%重量減少温度
を満たす化合物であることを特徴とする。
ダウンホールツールは、広義には、坑井の更なる掘削を行うための掘削装置およびその動力源、更には、諸ツールの位置および掘削情報を取得し交換するセンサおよび通信装置を含む概念として使われるとともに、例えば、後述するプラグおよびプラグを構成する部材であるダウンホールツール部材を含む概念としても使われることもある。本明細においては、ダウンホールツールとは、坑井の掘削作業において、該坑井内において使用され、石油およびガス等の生産が開始される段階では、何らかの方法により除去することが必要な器具、および該器具を構成する部材のことを意味する。
本発明の一態様に係るダウンホールツールを形成する分解性樹脂組成物は、ポリアミド系樹脂とカルボン酸無水物とを含み、ポリアミド系樹脂の融点と、カルボン酸無水物の5%重量減少温度とが、以下の式(1)の条件を満たす。
ポリアミド系樹脂の融点≦カルボン酸無水物の5%重量減少温度 … (1)
式(1)の条件を満たすように分解性樹脂組成物に含まれるポリアミド系樹脂とカルボン酸無水物とを選択することで、分解性樹脂組成物を溶融混練し、ダウンホールツールを成形するときにおいてカルボン酸無水物が揮発し、気泡が発生することを防止することができる。このため、ダウンホールツールは、内部の気泡が抑制されており、気泡があるものより初期圧縮強度が高い。
カルボン酸無水物の融点≦ポリアミド系樹脂の融点+50℃ … (2)
ポリアミド系樹脂の融点とカルボン酸無水物の融点とが、式(2)の条件を満たすことによって、カルボン酸無水物を融解させることができる温度で、過度にポリアミド系樹脂を加熱しないようにして分解性樹脂組成物を溶融混練することができる。このため、ポリアミド系樹脂に対して均一にカルボン酸無水物が分散された分解性樹脂組成物を得ることができる。すなわち、一態様に係るダウンホールツールを形成するための分解性樹脂組成物は、カルボン酸無水物の融点及びポリアミド系樹脂の融点よりも高い温度において、該カルボン酸無水物と該ポリアミド系樹脂との両方を融解した状態で混練することにより得られる。
ポリアミド系樹脂は、カプロラクタムの開環(共)重合体、若しくは、多価カルボン酸とジアミンとの共縮重合体である。なお、ポリアミド系樹脂は、互いに構造が異なる2種類以上のポリアミド系樹脂の組み合わせであってもよい。なお、開環(共)重合体とは開環重合体と開環共重合体との総称を意味する。
分解性樹脂組成物には、分解促進剤としてカルボン酸無水物が含まれる。カルボン酸無水物には、例えば、安息香酸無水物(融点42℃,沸点360℃)などのモノカルボン酸無水物、ジグリコール酸無水物(融点91-93℃,沸点240-241℃)、イソフタル酸無水物(融点131-134℃,沸点284℃)などのジカルボン酸無水物;、トリメリット酸無水物(融点163-166℃,沸点390℃)などのトリカルボン酸無水物;、並びに、1,2,4,5-ベンゼンテトラカルボン酸二無水物(融点286℃,沸点397-400℃)、3,3’,4,4’-ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物(融点299℃,沸点315℃/400Pa、5%重量減少温度325℃)、3,3’,4,4’-ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸二無水物(融点218-222℃,沸点320℃、5%重量減少温度304℃)、1,2,3,4-ブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物(融点260℃)、およびシクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物(融点285℃,沸点398℃)などのテトラカルボン酸二無水物が挙げられる。このように、ポリアミド系樹脂の構造の一部に導入し得るようなカルボン酸無水物を分解促進剤として使用することによって、該カルボン酸無水物とポリアミド系樹脂との親和性を高めることができる。このため、均一にカルボン酸無水物が分散された分解性樹脂組成物を得ることができる。
発明の一態様に係るダウンホールツールを形成する分解性樹脂組成物には、補強材が含まれていることがより好ましい。
本発明の一態様に係るダウンホールツールは、該ダウンホールツールを形成する分解性樹脂組成物に対し、本発明の目的を阻害しない範囲で、他の補強材、および安定剤の各種添加剤、他の樹脂材料などを他の配合成分として含有させてもよい。
本発明の一態様に係るダウンホールツールを成形するための分解性樹脂組成物は、140℃における初期の圧縮強度が60MPa以上であることが好ましい。圧縮強度は、一軸圧縮強度として、JIS K7178に準拠して測定することができる。なお、試験片のサイズ等、詳細については、実施例を参照されたい。
本発明に係るダウンホールツールの一態様として、図1に示す、複数のダウンホールツール部材から構成されているダウンホールツールの一例であるプラグについて説明する。ダウンホールツールであるプラグ(フラックプラグまたはブリッジプラグ等がある。)の典型的な構造としては、ダウンホールの延在する方向に延びるダウンホールツール部材であるマンドレル1(中空の管状体であることが多いが、限定されるものではない。また、通常外径30~200mm、長さ250~2000mm程度である。)と、いずれも該マンドレル1の外周面上にマンドレル1の軸方向に離隔して周状に置かれるダウンホールツール部材である、環状のゴム部材2、スリップ3a、3b、ウエッジ4a、4b、及び1対のリング5a、5b等とを備えるものである。図1の模式的断面図に示すプラグにおいては更に、マンドレル1の中空部hに、いずれもダウンホールツール部材であるボールシーラー(ボール)10と、中心部に該ボールシーラー10より小径の円形状の空隙を有する略円環状のボールシート11とが備えられている。
ダウンホールツールを成形するための分解性樹脂組成物の製造方法は、ポリアミド系樹脂、カルボン酸無水物、および必要に応じて配合される補強材を溶融混練することができれば、製造装置は限定されない。
ポリアミド系樹脂の融点≦カルボン酸無水物の5%重量減少温度 … (1)
これによって、分解性樹脂組成物を溶融混練するときにおいてカルボン酸無水物が揮発し、気泡が発生することを防止することができる。
カルボン酸無水物の融点≦ポリアミド系樹脂の融点+50℃ … (2)
これによって、分解性樹脂組成物を溶融混練するときにおいてカルボン酸無水物が揮発し、気泡が発生することを防止しつつ、カルボン酸無水物を融解させるようにして分解性樹脂組成物を溶融混練することができる。このため、ポリアミド系樹脂に対して均一にカルボン酸無水物が分散された分解性樹脂組成物を得ることができる。
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明の一態様に係るダウンホールツールは、ポリアミド系樹脂とカルボン酸無水物とを含む分解性樹脂組成物から形成されており、上記カルボン酸無水物は、以下の融点の条件:
ポリアミド系樹脂の融点≦カルボン酸無水物の5%重量減少温度
を満たす化合物であることを特徴とする。
(圧縮強度の評価)
JIS K7178に従い、圧縮強度の評価を行なった。5mm×5mmの断面積、厚さ3mmの試験片を、140℃のオーブン中、10mm/分の速度で圧縮し、圧縮ひずみ-圧縮応力曲線を得た。得られた圧縮ひずみ-圧縮応力曲線の変曲点を、一軸圧縮強度とした。変曲する前に試験片が破断したときは、破断時点の応力を一軸圧縮強度とした。
アルミナ製のパンに入れたカルボン酸無水物のサンプル10mgを熱重量測定装置(メトラートレド製TGA2)にセットし、流量40ml/minの窒素雰囲気下、10℃/minの昇温速度で、50℃から400℃まで昇温し、該サンプルの重量変化を測定した。得られた結果から、サンプルの重量が5%重量減少したときの温度を5%重量減少温度とした。
乾燥済みのダイセルエボニック社製のベスタミドHT plus R1035ブラック(GF50%含有6Tナイロン)(融点310℃)100重量部に3,3’,4,4’-ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物(融点299℃,5%重量減少温度325℃)2重量部を添加して常温で混合し、混合物を得た。得られた混合物を、東洋精機社製の二軸押出機2D25S(シリンダー温度:C1/C2/C3/ダイ/の順に290℃/320℃/320℃/320℃/に設定、スクリュー回転数50rpm)に連続的に投入して溶融混練し、ダイから連続的に排出された6Tナイロン組成物のストランドを乾燥空気で冷却し、ペレタイザーでペレット化した。
3,3’,4,4’-ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物を添加しないこと以外は実施例1と同様の方法で外観が良好な射出成形片を得た。得られた射出成形片をオートクレーブ中140℃の熱水中で24時間および120時間保持した後に取り出し120℃乾燥空気雰囲気下で2時間乾燥した後に圧縮強度を測定した。合わせて、熱水に保持しない初期の射出成形片の圧縮強度も測定した。比較例1の射出成形片は、140℃の熱水中で456時間(19日間)保持した場合の圧縮強度は62MPaであり、実施例1の射出成形片を140℃の熱水中に168時間(7日間)保持したときに見られたような表面のひび割れは観察されなかった。
3,3’,4,4’-ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物の代わりに3,3’,4,4’-ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸二無水物(融点218-222℃,5%重量減少温度304℃)5重量部を常温で添加および混合した以外は実施例1と同様の方法で射出成形片を得た。得られた成形片には気泡および表面荒れが見られた。得られた射出成形片をオートクレーブ中140℃の熱水中で24時間および120時間保持した後に取り出し120℃乾燥空気雰囲気下で2時間乾燥した後に圧縮強度を測定した。合わせて、熱水に保持しない初期の射出成形片の圧縮強度も測定した。
実施例1の混合物に代えてPGA(株式会社クレハ製、ポリグリコール酸、溶融粘度900Pa・s)を用い、シリンダー温度を230~250℃とした以外は実施例1と同様の方法で射出成形片を得た。得られた射出成形片の140℃における圧縮強度は、初期において、54MPaであった。
2 : 環状のゴム部材
3a、3b : スリップ
4a、4b : ウエッジ
5a、5b : (1対の)リング
10 : ボールシーラー(ボール)
11 : ボールシート
H : ダウンホールの内壁
h : マンドレルの中空部
Claims (7)
- ポリアミド系樹脂とカルボン酸無水物とを含む分解性樹脂組成物から形成されており、
上記カルボン酸無水物は、以下の条件:
ポリアミド系樹脂の融点≦カルボン酸無水物の5%重量減少温度
を満たす化合物であることを特徴とするダウンホールツール。 - 上記分解性樹脂組成物における上記カルボン酸無水物の含有量が、上記ポリアミド系樹脂の0.1質量%以上10質量%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のダウンホールツール。
- 上記カルボン酸無水物が、3,3’,4,4’-ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸二無水物、1,2,4,5-ベンゼンテトラカルボン酸二無水物、3,3’,4,4’-ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸二無水物、1,2,3,4-ブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物、およびシクロブタンテトラカルボン酸二無水物からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載のダウンホールツール。
- 上記分解性樹脂組成物が、さらに補強材を含むことを特徴とする請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のダウンホールツール。
- 上記ポリアミド系樹脂が、ポリアミドイミド、半芳香族ポリアミドまたはこれらの組み合わせであることを特徴とする請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のダウンホールツール。
- 上記ダウンホールツールは、複数のダウンホールツール部材から構成されており、
上記複数のダウンホールツール部材の少なくとも1つは、
上記分解性樹脂組成物から形成されている上記少なくとも1つのダウンホールツール部材の、上記ダウンホールツールに占める体積比率が、ダウンホールツール全体の50%以上であることを特徴とする請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のダウンホールツール。 - プラグである、請求項6に記載のダウンホールツール。
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US17/258,616 US11142678B2 (en) | 2018-07-12 | 2019-06-06 | Downhole tool |
GB2101440.2A GB2590564B (en) | 2018-07-12 | 2019-06-06 | Downhole tool |
CA3105596A CA3105596C (en) | 2018-07-12 | 2019-06-06 | Downhole tool |
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GB2590564A (en) | 2021-06-30 |
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