WO2019205993A1 - 一种超分辨光盘的径向伺服装置及其伺服控制方法 - Google Patents

一种超分辨光盘的径向伺服装置及其伺服控制方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019205993A1
WO2019205993A1 PCT/CN2019/082921 CN2019082921W WO2019205993A1 WO 2019205993 A1 WO2019205993 A1 WO 2019205993A1 CN 2019082921 W CN2019082921 W CN 2019082921W WO 2019205993 A1 WO2019205993 A1 WO 2019205993A1
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Prior art keywords
servo
light
super
dichroic mirror
lens
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PCT/CN2019/082921
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English (en)
French (fr)
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阮昊
胡巧
原续鹏
郭新军
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中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所
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Priority to US17/050,271 priority Critical patent/US11227632B2/en
Publication of WO2019205993A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019205993A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/08—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers
    • G11B7/09—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers with provision for moving the light beam or focus plane for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the light beam relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following
    • G11B7/0901—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers with provision for moving the light beam or focus plane for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the light beam relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following for track following only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/08—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers
    • G11B7/081—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers for time base error correction by moving the light beam
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/08—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers
    • G11B7/085—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers with provision for moving the light beam into, or out of, its operative position or across tracks, otherwise than during the transducing operation, e.g. for adjustment or preliminary positioning or track change or selection
    • G11B7/08547—Arrangements for positioning the light beam only without moving the head, e.g. using static electro-optical elements
    • G11B7/08552—Arrangements for positioning the light beam only without moving the head, e.g. using static electro-optical elements using electro-optical elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/08—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers
    • G11B7/09—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers with provision for moving the light beam or focus plane for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the light beam relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following
    • G11B7/0901—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers with provision for moving the light beam or focus plane for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the light beam relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following for track following only
    • G11B7/0903—Multi-beam tracking systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/08—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers
    • G11B7/09—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers with provision for moving the light beam or focus plane for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the light beam relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following
    • G11B7/0925—Electromechanical actuators for lens positioning
    • G11B7/093—Electromechanical actuators for lens positioning for focusing and tracking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/08—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers
    • G11B7/09—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers with provision for moving the light beam or focus plane for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the light beam relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following
    • G11B7/0938—Disposition or mounting of heads or light sources relatively to record carriers with provision for moving the light beam or focus plane for the purpose of maintaining alignment of the light beam relative to the record carrier during transducing operation, e.g. to compensate for surface irregularities of the latter or for track following servo format, e.g. guide tracks, pilot signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/12—Heads, e.g. forming of the optical beam spot or modulation of the optical beam
    • G11B7/125—Optical beam sources therefor, e.g. laser control circuitry specially adapted for optical storage devices; Modulators, e.g. means for controlling the size or intensity of optical spots or optical traces
    • G11B7/127—Lasers; Multiple laser arrays
    • G11B7/1275—Two or more lasers having different wavelengths
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/12—Heads, e.g. forming of the optical beam spot or modulation of the optical beam
    • G11B7/135—Means for guiding the beam from the source to the record carrier or from the record carrier to the detector
    • G11B7/1362—Mirrors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/12—Heads, e.g. forming of the optical beam spot or modulation of the optical beam
    • G11B7/135—Means for guiding the beam from the source to the record carrier or from the record carrier to the detector
    • G11B7/1395—Beam splitters or combiners
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B7/00—Recording or reproducing by optical means, e.g. recording using a thermal beam of optical radiation by modifying optical properties or the physical structure, reproducing using an optical beam at lower power by sensing optical properties; Record carriers therefor
    • G11B7/24—Record carriers characterised by shape, structure or physical properties, or by the selection of the material
    • G11B7/2403—Layers; Shape, structure or physical properties thereof
    • G11B7/24065—Layers assisting in recording or reproduction below the optical diffraction limit, e.g. non-linear optical layers or structures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of optical disc control, and in particular to a radial servo device for a super-resolution optical disc and a servo control method thereof.
  • the optical disk servo technology is the core technology of the optical disk drive, and a servo control system matching the super-resolution optical disk has not yet been developed.
  • the reason for this is that the super-resolution recording point is much smaller than the minimum information point size of the current Blu-ray disc of 138 nm. In the process of recording and reading and writing of the optical disc, it is difficult to realize servo control of the super-resolution recording point, especially the tracking servo control in the radial direction.
  • the error signal detection and position correction can be realized by a position signal pre-coded in the track groove, but it is necessary to pre-embed magnetic lines of force in the recording layer of each optical disc.
  • To achieve a radial position tracking servo if this method is used to manufacture a super-resolution disc, the cost will be high, possibly reaching USD/MB; in addition, the idea of using fluorescent quantum dots for tracking is based on current semiconductor development technology. There are still big obstacles to seeing. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a low-cost, high-precision servo device for a super-resolution optical disc and a servo control method thereof.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a radial servo device for a super-resolution optical disk and a servo control method thereof It can accurately perform radial tracking servo during super-resolution disc reading and writing.
  • the present invention provides a super-resolution optical disk radial servo device, including an excitation light source, a servo light source, an integrated optical path, a focusing unit, a servo light detecting unit, and a driving control unit;
  • the excitation light source emits excitation light
  • the servo light source emits servo light
  • the excitation light and the servo light pass through the integrated optical path to reach the focusing unit, and are focused on the disk surface, and the servo light passes through the focusing unit and then passes through the focusing unit again, and then The reflected light is detected by the servo light detecting unit, and the detection result is transmitted to the driving control unit;
  • the excitation light source comprises at least one single wavelength laser source, or a different wavelength laser source;
  • the super-resolution optical disc comprises a multi-layer structure comprising a layer of a servo guiding layer having a spiral groove shape and at least one layer of a data recording layer present therebelow;
  • Data storage units are arranged in a spiral form in the data recording layer, and the storage units on each spiral line constitute a data storage track, wherein each N data storage tracks corresponds to one groove in the servo guiding layer, N is An integer greater than one;
  • the integrated optical path includes a collimating lens, and the servo light and the excitation light are formed into a coaxial circular parallel beam;
  • the focusing unit includes at least an optical component capable of focusing, focusing the excitation light and the servo light on the same axis;
  • the servo light detecting unit detects a servo reflected light beam generated by the servo beam being concentrated by the focusing unit and reflected by the servo guiding layer;
  • the driving control unit presets N detection error reference values for each guiding layer groove irradiated by the servo light, and controls each according to a comparison result between the detection result of the servo reflected light and the detection error reference value.
  • the position of the corresponding focus unit among the N data tracks below the guide layer trench is such that the excitation light is focused and N is an integer greater than one.
  • the super-resolution optical disc uses a super-resolution fluorescence microscopy technique, a two-photon absorption technique, a super-resolution optical filtering technique, and a medium super-resolution technique to generate a recording point that is smaller than the diffraction limit of the excitation light.
  • the minimum size of the data storage unit is less than the diffraction limit of the excitation light.
  • the servo light source has a different wavelength from the excitation light source.
  • the focusing unit has a numerical aperture of not less than 0.65.
  • the invention also provides a super-resolution optical disk servo method, comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 the servo light is focused by a lens on a spiral guiding groove on the optical disc;
  • Step 2 the reflected light of the servo light is detected by the signal detecting unit and the detection result is sent to the driving control unit;
  • Step 3 The drive control unit controls the position of the lens according to the detection result to move the focus of the excitation light to the desired data track;
  • the drive control unit performs radial servoing of the N data tracks according to the reflected light of the servo light in one of the grooves, and N is an integer greater than 1.
  • the driving control unit presets N reference values for different positions of the servo light to be irradiated in a single groove, and outputs a driving signal to make the objective lens move to the target by comparing the detection result of the detecting unit with the reference value. position.
  • the super-resolution optical disk radial servo device of the present invention and the servo control method thereof have the following
  • the present invention controls the radial servo of a plurality of data tracks by a servo guiding groove, and can realize the wavelength of the servo light without changing the groove width of the servo guiding layer.
  • the invention adopts a nanometer-precision photodetector, and uses the designed servo control computing module to control the movement and cooperation of the two-dimensional displacement stage and the one-dimensional displacement stage, thereby ensuring high accuracy of radial and axial servo of the optical head.
  • the present invention does not need to provide a servo mark on each recording layer, and has low cost, flexibility, and large storage capacity, and the single disk capacity reaches 1 TB or more.
  • the present invention can be applied to radial servo control of a plurality of super-resolution optical discs, and has wide applicability;
  • the invention has simple structure, convenient operation and good compatibility with other servo control such as focus servo and speed servo.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall architecture of a super-resolution optical disk radial servo device according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the basic structure of a super-resolution optical disc according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a servo guiding layer and a data recording track of the super-resolution optical disc according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a specific embodiment of a radial servo device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a radial tracking error detecting process in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a servo device for applying a super-resolution optical disc based on stimulated radiation loss microscopy according to the present invention
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of super-resolution optical disc recording based on stimulated radiation loss microscopy
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a focus error detecting process in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of a servo device applied to a super-resolution optical disc based on two-photon absorption technology according to the present invention.
  • the overall architecture of the super-resolution optical disk radial servo device proposed by the present invention is shown in FIG.
  • the excitation light source emits excitation light
  • the servo light source emits servo light.
  • the excitation light and the servo light pass through the integrated optical path to reach the focusing unit, and are focused on the disk surface.
  • the servo light passes through the focusing unit after being reflected by the disk surface, and then the reflected light is servoed.
  • the light detecting unit detects and transmits the detection result to the driving control unit, and the driving control unit calculates and issues an instruction according to the detection result, controls the position of the focusing unit, and implements radial servo control.
  • the coaxial parallel beam composed of the excitation light source and the servo light after the integrated optical path is focused on the optical disk through the objective lens, due to the excitation light and the servo.
  • the focus of the two is not at the same point, the focus of the excitation light is on the data recording layer, and the focus of the servo light is on the servo guiding layer.
  • the servo light reflected by the servo guiding layer is again turned into a parallel beam through the objective lens, and then irradiated onto the photodetector through a lens, a dichroic mirror, a lens, a quarter-wave plate, a beam splitter, and a lens, and the photodetector
  • the generated electrical signal is transmitted to the servo control computing module, and the servo control computing module outputs a servo tracking signal according to the input electrical signal, and drives the nano-displacement platform to move in the horizontal direction with the animal mirror, thereby achieving the purpose of radial servo.
  • the tracking error detecting process of the present invention is shown in FIG. Then, when the servo spot is focused on the middle of a certain slot of the servo guiding layer, the excitation light is also focused on the data track in the middle of the track.
  • the E value at the position of the data track can be selected as the reference value of the error signal of the track.
  • the drive signal is determined by comparing the actual error signal with the reference value.
  • the error signal reference values are E 1 , E 2 , ... E N , respectively .
  • E 2 represents the error signal reference value of the data track directly below the groove of the guiding layer
  • the servo control computing module 501 0; if the detected error signal E ⁇ E 2 , the servo light is focused to the left position, and the output tracking servo signal is -TE(s), driving the nanometer.
  • the platform with the animal mirror moves the set offset amount to the right; if the detected error signal E>E 2 , the servo light is focused at the right position, the output tracking servo signal is +TE(s), driving the nano
  • the platform with the animal mirror moves the set offset to the left.
  • the magnitude of the offset is calculated based on the difference between E and E 2 .
  • the reference value is (I A +I B )-(I C +I D ) when the excitation light is focused here. Value, it is easy to know that E 1 ⁇ 0.
  • the tracking servo signal output via the servo control operation module 501 is also 0; if detected The error signal E ⁇ E 1 indicates that the servo light is focused at the left position, and the output tracking servo signal is -TE(s), driving the nano-platform with the animal mirror to move to the right by the set offset; if it is detected The error signal E>E 1 indicates that the servo light is focused at the right position, and the output tracking servo signal is +TE(s). Drive the nano-platform with the animal mirror to move the set offset to the left. Offset amount calculated according to the size of the gap between the E and E 1.
  • This embodiment demonstrates a specific embodiment of the present invention applied to radial servoing of super-resolution optical discs based on stimulated radiation loss microscopy.
  • Excited radiation loss microscopy uses the principle of stimulated radiation, which requires two strictly coaxial lasers, one of which is excitation light and the other is lossy light (also called STED light). The order of the two beams can be used. The exchange time and the length of the action may also vary due to the recording medium.
  • the core of the loss is that the loss light converts the excitation light and the excited state of the edge of the working range of the recording medium into a non-fluorescent state.
  • a beam of diffraction-limited Gaussian-shaped excitation light is focused on the recording layer of the optical disc to cause optical recording, and another beam center
  • a vortex circular focusing spot also referred to as STED light
  • the optical recording phenomenon can only occur at the center of the focused spot and is suppressed at the edge, thereby reducing the size of the effective recording spot and achieving the purpose of increasing the storage capacity by increasing the recording density.
  • the structure of the servo device applied to the super-resolution optical disc based on the stimulated radiation loss microscopy is as shown in FIG. 6, and mainly realizes writing and reading of data.
  • the excitation light source 101 emits a beam of light having a center wavelength of ⁇ 1, the wavelength of which is near the center of the excitation spectrum of the recording medium.
  • the collimating lens 201 is used to form a circular beam.
  • the 1/2 wave plate 212 is used to adjust the light intensity of the circular light, and then passes through the polarization splitting plate 213 to become linearly polarized light;
  • the loss light source 103 emits a beam of center wavelength ⁇ 2 whose wavelength is at the end of the excitation spectrum of the recording medium.
  • the collimator lens 211 is used to form the circular beam.
  • the 1/2 wave plate 215 is used to adjust the light intensity of the circular light, and then passes through the polarization splitting plate 216 to become linearly polarized light, and the vortex phase plate 217 is used to process the linearly polarized light into a hollow vortex having a central light intensity of zero.
  • the dichroic mirror 214 reflects ⁇ 2 and transmits ⁇ 1, thus coupling the hollow vortex light and the linearly polarized light into one optical path, and the relay lens 203, the relay lens 207, and the mirror 210 can be adjusted together to the hollow vortex light.
  • the linearly polarized light compensates for the spherical aberration, and the spot sizes of the two are respectively close to the diffraction limit, and the quarter-wave plate 209 processes the hollow vortex and the linearly polarized light after the compensated spherical aberration into circularly polarized solid light to achieve the The best result of the excitation loss, the final hollow loss light and the circularly polarized solid light are focused by the objective lens 401 onto the selected recording layer medium to complete the writing of the data;
  • the excitation light and the loss light on the recording layer medium cooperate to excite a fluorescence signal 106 that breaks through the diffraction limit, the center wavelength is ⁇ 3 , and the dichroic mirror 218 reflects 206 to ⁇ 3 and transmits to ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 due to The fluorescence signal is much smaller than the loss light energy used.
  • the filter 220 uses a bandpass filter with a center wavelength of ⁇ 3 and a wavelength of ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 , and is focused by an astigmatic lens 221 such as a cylindrical mirror to photodetection.
  • the photodetector 302 selects an avalanche photodiode four-quadrant photodetector for amplifying and detecting the fluorescent signal, thereby reading out the signal.
  • the two-dimensional displacement stage 502 is adjusted according to the focus error signal detected by the photodetector 302.
  • the objective lens 401 is axially moved to realize an axial focus servo;
  • a laser having a central wavelength of ⁇ 4 is emitted from the servo laser light source 102, and a circular beam is formed by the collimating lens 202, and becomes s-polarized light by the polarization splitting sheet 205, and the dichroic mirror 206
  • the reflection of ⁇ 4 and the transmission of ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 make the servo light and the two recording light paths integrated, and only one objective lens is required.
  • the servo recording layer 004 has high reflection characteristics for the servo light, and is equivalent to the 1/4 wave plate 209 passing through the front and rear twice after the reflection.
  • the reflected servo light becomes p-polarized light, and thus the polarizing beam splitting plate 205 is transmitted and transmitted.
  • the servo light is separated and focused by the focusing lens 208 onto the photodetector 301.
  • the error signal generated by the adjustment adjusts the two-dimensional displacement stage 502 with the animal mirror 401 for radial movement to realize radial tracking servo.
  • the optical disc includes a multi-layer data recording layer, when the recording layer is changed from the Nth layer to the (N+1)th layer, it is necessary to simultaneously adjust the one-dimensional displacement stage 503 to drive the relay lens 204 to move, so that the servo light is always locked and focused to the servo guiding layer.
  • the radial tracking servo is realized in summary.
  • the groove structure spacing of the servo guiding layer is 320 nm
  • the super-resolution recording point size is about 50 nm
  • at least one information track can be stored in the corresponding range of the recording layer within a groove width distance of 320 nm of the servo guiding layer, and adjacent information is stored.
  • the track pitch is 110 nm, so the single disk capacity can reach more than 1 TB.
  • the super-resolution fluorescent signal is a circularly polarized solid light 104 whose excitation light having a center wavelength of ⁇ 1 is focused to the surface of the recording medium via the optical element shown in FIG. 6 and a loss light having a center wavelength of ⁇ 2 through the optical element shown in FIG. Focusing on the vortex hollow light 105 on the surface of the recording medium, the two work together to produce the result.
  • the center alignment of the excitation light and the loss light, the order of action and the pulse length should match the current recording medium.
  • Fig. 8 is a view showing a process of detecting a focus error in the case where the disk is rotated at a high speed and the disk generates a vibration of X 0f .
  • Photodetector 302 uses a four-quadrant photodetector.
  • the output focus servo signal is +TE(r);
  • the information surface of the disc is too close to the objective lens.
  • the output focus servo signal is -TE(r).
  • the focus servo signal drives the nano-platform with the animal mirror to move X rf in the vertical direction, following the vibration of the disc. If the vibration frequency of the disc is too fast, the focus servo signal is delayed, and the control reduces the rotation speed of the spindle.
  • the radial servo process in this embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment.
  • the tracking servo signal output via the servo control operation module 501 is also 0; if the detected error signal E ⁇ E k , then the servo light is focused on the left position, then the output tracking servo signal is -TE(s), driving the nano platform with the animal mirror to move to the right to set the offset If the detected error signal E>E k , the servo light is focused in the right position, the output tracking servo signal is +TE(s), driving the nano platform with the animal mirror to move to the left. the amount.
  • the magnitude of the motion offset is calculated from the difference between E and E k .
  • This embodiment demonstrates a specific embodiment of the present invention applied to radial servoing of a super-resolution optical disc based on two-photon absorption technique.
  • the fluorescent molecules can simultaneously absorb two long-wavelength photons. Under the action of two photons, after a short excited state lifetime, the fluorescent molecules transition to the excited state, emitting a shorter one. Photons of wavelengths.
  • the two-photon absorption probability depends on the spatial and temporal overlap of the two incident photons (the interval between two photons reaching the fluorescent molecules is less than 1 femtosecond).
  • the two-photon absorption cross section is small, and only the fluorophore in the region with a large photon flux is excited, so that a phosphor dot smaller than the diffraction limit can be generated.
  • the structure of the servo device applied to the super-resolution optical disc based on the two-photon absorption technology is as shown in FIG. 9, and mainly realizes writing and reading of data.
  • the excitation light source 101 emits a beam of light having a center wavelength of ⁇ 1 , and uses the collimator lens 201 to form a circular beam of light, and then passes through the polarizing plate 222 to become linearly polarized light, and then adjusts the phase through the phase delay component 223;
  • the other excitation light source 107 emits a beam of light having a center wavelength of ⁇ 2 , and the emitted light is formed into a circular beam by using the collimator lens 211 , and then passes through the polarizing plate 224 to become linearly polarized light, and is reflected by the mirror 225 to the dichroic color.
  • the dichroic mirror 214 transmits ⁇ 1 and reflects ⁇ 2 , thus coupling the two linearly polarized lights into one optical path, and the adjustable relay lens 203, the relay lens 207, and the mirror 210 compensate the two linearly polarized lights together.
  • the spherical aberration, the size of the two spots respectively reaches the diffraction limit, and the last two beams are focused by the objective lens 401 onto the selected recording layer medium, triggering the fluorescence two-photon absorption process to complete the writing of the data;
  • the fluorescent signal 108 After the fluorescent material absorbs two photons, the fluorescent signal 108 is emitted, the center wavelength is ⁇ 3 , and the dichroic mirror 218 reflects 206 to ⁇ 3 and transmits to ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 , since the fluorescent signal is much smaller than the used light energy.
  • a band pass filter having a center wavelength of ⁇ 3 and a wavelength of ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 is selected, and is focused by an astigmatic lens 221 such as a cylindrical mirror to the photodetector 302, and the photodetector 302 is selected from an avalanche photodiode.
  • a four-quadrant photodetector that amplifies the fluorescent signal to read the signal.
  • the two-dimensional displacement stage 502 is adjusted according to the focus error signal detected by the photodetector 302.
  • the objective lens 401 is axially moved to realize an axial focus servo;
  • a laser having a center wavelength of ⁇ 4 is emitted from the servo laser light source 102, and a circular beam is formed by the collimating lens 202, and becomes s-polarized light by the polarization splitting sheet 205, and the dichroic mirror 206
  • the reflection of ⁇ 4 and the transmission of ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 make the servo light and the two recording light paths integrated, and only one objective lens is required.
  • the servo recording layer 004 has high reflection characteristics for the servo light, and is equivalent to the 1/4 wave plate 209 passing through the front and rear twice after the reflection.
  • the reflected servo light becomes p-polarized light, and thus the polarizing beam splitting plate 205 is transmitted and transmitted.
  • the servo light is separated and focused by the focusing lens 208 onto the photodetector 301.
  • the error signal generated by the adjustment adjusts the two-dimensional displacement stage 502 with the animal mirror 401 for radial movement to realize radial tracking servo.
  • the optical disc includes a multi-layer data recording layer, when the recording layer is changed from the Nth layer to the (N+1)th layer, it is necessary to simultaneously adjust the one-dimensional displacement stage 503 to drive the relay lens 204 to move, so that the servo light is always locked and focused to the servo guiding layer.
  • the radial tracking servo is realized in summary.
  • the radial servo process in this embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment.
  • the tracking servo signal output via the servo control operation module 501 is also 0; if the detected error signal E ⁇ E k , then the servo light is focused on the left position, then the output tracking servo signal is -TE(s), driving the nano platform with the animal mirror to move to the right to set the offset If the detected error signal E>E k , the servo light is focused in the right position, the output tracking servo signal is +TE(s), driving the nano platform with the animal mirror to move to the left. the amount.
  • the magnitude of the motion offset is calculated from the difference between E and E k .
  • the signal strength information detected by the device is selected as an example only, and is not limited to such a selection method.
  • E f(I A + I B ) - f(I C + I D )
  • f(x) is the phase of the signal x
  • the radial servo devices of the super-resolution optical disc based on the stimulated radiation loss microscopy and the super-resolution optical disc based on the two-photon absorption technology are listed, and the purpose thereof is to specifically The specific embodiments of the present invention are presented without limiting the invention to the radial servos of the two super-resolution optical discs. According to the principles of the present invention, it is easy to know that a super-resolution optical disc including the structure shown in Fig. 2 in the structure of the optical disc can realize radial servo control by the radial servo device and the servo method according to the present invention.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种超分辨光盘的径向伺服装置及其伺服控制方法，其径向伺服控制装置包括激发光光源、伺服光光源、整合光路、聚焦单元、伺服光检测单元、驱动控制单元；其中的驱动控制单元，针对伺服光所照射的每条引导层沟槽，预设了N个检测误差基准值，根据伺服反射光的检测结果与所述检测误差基准值的比较结果，控制每个引导层沟槽下方N条数据轨道中对应的所述聚焦单元的位置。本发明适用于基于受激辐射损耗显微技术、双光子吸收技术等多种超分辨光盘，而且在不减小伺服光波长及引导层沟槽宽度的前提下，实现了对超分辨数据轨道(<100nm)的精确径向伺服控制。

Description

一种超分辨光盘的径向伺服装置及其伺服控制方法 技术领域
本发明涉及光盘控制领域，尤其涉及一种超分辨光盘的径向伺服装置及其伺服控制方法。
背景技术
由于光学衍射极限效应的制约，传统的光存储已接近其存储密度的极限，难以满足大数据时代信息量爆炸增长下的存储需求。因此，若要从根本上解决这一难题，就需要突破光学衍射的极限，获得更小的数据记录点。
近年来，人们相继发现了一些能够突破光学衍射极限的方法，诸如超分辨荧光显微技术(2014年诺贝尔奖)，双光子吸收技术，超分辨光学吸收技术，介质超分辨技术等等，这些技术虽然不都是发现于光盘领域，但均有希望应用于光盘领域，实现超高密度的存储。
然而，衍射极限的突破并不意味着新一代光盘技术的全面来临，技术上还需要与之匹配的光盘伺服控制系统。光盘伺服技术是光盘驱动器的核心技术，而目前尚未研发出与超分辨光盘相匹配的伺服控制系统。其中的原因在于超分辨记录点远小于目前蓝光光盘的最小信息点尺寸138nm，在光盘刻录和读写过程中，难以实现对超分辨记录点的伺服控制，特别是径向方向的跟踪伺服控制。传统的CD、DVD、BD(蓝光光盘)一般采用基于反射的方式对信息读取及伺服控制，其原理基本相同，不同的是其预刻沟槽的尺寸随着其记录点的减小而相应减小。然而对于超分辨光盘，无论激发光还是伺服光，都因为受到衍射极限的限制，而不能通过将预刻沟槽间距减小为超分辨记录点大小的方式实现径向跟踪伺服；引用文献[1][0071]中提到了一种磁光混合伺服系统，通过在轨迹槽中预先编码的位置信号，可实现误差信号的检测与位置校正，但其需要在每张光盘的记录层中预埋磁力线，以实现径向位置的跟踪伺服，若采用此种方法制造超分辨光盘，成本将会很高，可能达到美元/MB；此外，采用荧光量子点进行追踪的设想，以目前的半导体发展技术来看还存在较大障碍。因此，这就迫切的需求发展一种低成本、高精度的可用于超分辨光盘的伺服装置及其伺服控制 方法
发明内容
鉴于以上所述存储点小于光学衍射极限的超分辨光盘读写过程中难以实现伺服以及现有伺服技术的缺点，本发明的目的在于提供一种超分辨光盘的径向伺服装置及其伺服控制方法，能够精确执行超分辨光盘读写过程中的径向跟踪伺服。
为实现上述目的及其他相关目的，本发明提供一种超分辨光盘径向伺服装置，包括激发光光源、伺服光光源、整合光路、聚焦单元、伺服光检测单元、驱动控制单元；
所述激发光光源发出激发光，所述伺服光光源发出伺服光，激发光与伺服光经过整合光路到达聚焦单元，被聚焦于光盘盘面，伺服光在盘面经过反射后再次经过聚焦单元，随后其反射光被伺服光检测单元检测，并将检测结果传递给驱动控制单元；
所述的激发光光源包括至少一束单一波长的激光光源，或不同波长的激光光源；
所述的超分辨光盘包括多层结构，包括一层含有螺旋形沟槽状的伺服引导层，以及其下方存在的至少一层的数据记录层；
所述数据记录层中以螺旋形式分布着数据存储单元，每条螺旋线上的存储单元构成一根数据存储轨道，其中每N条数据存储轨道对应于伺服引导层中的一条沟槽，N为大于1的整数；
所述的整合光路包括准直透镜，将伺服光与激发光整形成共轴圆形平行光束；
所述的聚焦单元至少包括能够起到聚焦作用的光学元件，将激发光与伺服光聚焦到同一轴线上；
所述的伺服光检测单元，对在所述伺服光束被所述聚焦单元汇聚并被所述伺服引导层反射产生的伺服反射光束进行检测；
所述的驱动控制单元，针对伺服光所照射的每条引导层沟槽，预设了N个检测误差基准值，根据伺服反射光的检测结果与所述检测误差基准值的比较结果，控制每个引导层沟槽下方N条数据轨道中对应的所述聚焦单元的位置，使激发 光聚焦与N为大于1的整数。
优选地，所述的超分辨光盘采用超分辨荧光显微技术、双光子吸收技术、超分辨光学滤波技术、介质超分辨技术产生小于激发光衍射极限的记录点。
优选地，所述的数据存储单元的最小尺寸小于所述激发光的衍射极限。
优选地，所述的伺服光光源与所述激发光光源波长不相同。
优选地，所述的聚焦单元的数值孔径不小于0.65。
本发明还提供一种超分辨光盘伺服方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：伺服光经过透镜聚焦在光盘上的螺旋引导沟槽上；
步骤2：伺服光的反射光被信号检测单元检测并将检测结果发送给驱动控制单元；
步骤3：驱动控制单元根据检测结果控制透镜的位置使激发光焦点移动到所需的数据轨道上；
所述驱动控制单元根据伺服光在一个沟槽内的反射光，完成N条数据轨道的径向伺服，N为大于1的整数。
优选地，驱动控制单元针对伺服光照射在单一沟槽内的不同位置，预先设定了N个基准值，通过检测单元的检测结果与基准值的比对，输出驱动信号，使物镜运动到目标位置。
如上所述，本发明的超分辨光盘径向伺服装置及其伺服控制方法，具有以下
有益效果：
(1)相较于现有蓝光伺服控制系统，本发明通过一条伺服引导沟槽控制多条数据轨道的径向伺服，在不改变伺服光波长及伺服引导层沟槽宽度的情况下，可实现更窄的信号轨道(小于100nm)的径向跟踪伺服控制；
(2)通过引入伺服光对径向读写进行跟踪，利用激发光产生的荧光信号对调焦控制，通过检测误差信号和设置偏置量的方法，实现径向跟踪伺服，最终可实现多层超高密度数据存储；
(3)通过采用基于受激辐射损耗显微术的技术，以及双光子吸收等技术突破了衍射极限的约束，有效减小有效光斑的尺寸，从而极大地提升了光盘的存储密度；
(4)本发明采用纳米级精度的光电探测器，利用设计的伺服控制运算模块，控制二维位移台和一维位移台的运动与配合，保证了光学头径向和轴向伺服的高准确性；
(5)本发明无需在每个记录层设置伺服标志物，成本低、灵活方便、存储容量大，单盘容量达到1TB以上。
(6)本发明可适用于多种超分辨光盘的径向伺服控制，适用性较广；
(7)本发明结构简单，操作方便，与其他伺服控制如聚焦伺服，转速伺服等兼容性好。
附图说明
图1显示为本发明提出的超分辨光盘径向伺服装置的整体架构示意图；
图2显示为本发明所涉及的超分辨光盘的基本结构剖面示意图；
图3显示为本发明所涉及的超分辨光盘的伺服引导层及数据记录轨道示意图；
图4显示为本发明的径向伺服装置的一种具体实施方案示意图；
图5显示为本发明的实施例中径向跟踪误差检测过程示意图；
图6显示为本发明应用于基于受激辐射损耗显微术的超分辨光盘的伺服装置结构示意图；
图7显示为基于受激辐射损耗显微术的超分辨光盘记录原理示意图；
图8显示为本发明的实施例中聚焦误差检测过程示意图；
图9显示为本发明应用于基于双光子吸收技术的超分辨光盘的伺服装置结构示意图。
元件标号说明：
200          整合光路
300          伺服光检测单元
400          聚焦单元
500          驱动控制单元
001          超分辨光盘
002          第N层信息记录层
003          第N+1层信息记录层
004          伺服引导层
005          主轴电机
006          数据存储点
101          激发光光源
102          伺服光光源
103          损耗光光源
104          激发光
105          损耗光
106          荧光信号
107          双光子第二激发光光源
201          准直透镜
202          准直透镜
203          中继透镜
204          中继透镜
205          偏振分束片
206          二向色镜
207          中继透镜
208          聚焦透镜
209           1/4波片
210          反射镜
211          准直透镜
212           1/2波片
213          偏振分束片
214          二向色镜
215           1/2波片
216          偏振分束片
217          涡旋相位板
218          二向色镜
220            滤光片
221            像散透镜
222            偏振片
223            相位延迟组件
224            偏振片
225           反射镜
301           光电探测器
302           光电探测器
401           物镜
501           伺服控制运算模块
502            二维位移台
503            一维位移台
具体实施方式
以下由特定的具体实施例说明本发明的实施方式，熟悉此技术的人士可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点及功效。
须知，本说明书所附图式所绘示的结构、比例、大小等，均仅用以配合说明书所揭示的内容，以供熟悉此技术的人士了解与阅读，并非用以限定本发明可实施的限定条件，故不具技术上的实质意义，任何结构的修饰、比例关系的改变或大小的调整，在不影响本发明所能产生的功效及所能达成的目的下，均应仍落在本发明所揭示的技术内容得能涵盖的范围内。同时，本说明书中所引用的如“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“中间”及“一”等的用语，亦仅为便于叙述的明了，而非用以限定本发明可实施的范围，其相对关系的改变或调整，在无实质变更技术内容下，当亦视为本发明可实施的范畴。
实施例1：
本发明提出的超分辨光盘径向伺服装置的整体架构如图1所示。激发光光源发出激发光，伺服光光源发出伺服光，激发光与伺服光经过整合光路到达聚焦单元，被聚焦于光盘盘面，伺服光在盘面经过反射后再次经过聚焦单元，随后其反射光被伺服光检测单元检测，并将检测结果传递给驱动控制单元，驱动控制单元根据检测结果计算并发出指令，控制聚焦单元的位置，实现径向伺服控制。
本发明所涉及的超分辨光盘的基本结构如图2所示。包含一层沟槽状的伺服引导层，以及其下方存在的至少一层的数据记录层。每一条槽的正下方，对应N条数据轨道，图中N＝3。引导层上的沟槽与数据记录层中的数据轨道均呈现螺旋状分布，如图3所示。
图4展示了本发明径向伺服装置的一种具体实施方案，如图所示，激发光光源与伺服光经整合光路后组成的共轴平行光束经过物镜聚焦于光盘上，由于 激发光与伺服光存在色差，故二者的焦点并不在同一点上，激发光的焦点位于数据记录层，而伺服光的焦点位于伺服引导层。经伺服引导层反射的伺服光，再次通过物镜变为平行光束，先后经过透镜、二向色镜、透镜、1/4波片、分束镜、透镜后照射到光电探测器上，光电探测器将产生的电信号传送给伺服控制运算模块，伺服控制运算模块根据输入的电信号输出伺服跟踪信号，驱动纳米位移平台带动物镜在水平方向移动，从而达到径向伺服的目的。
本发明的跟踪误差检测过程如图5所示。则当伺服光斑聚焦在伺服引导层某一个槽上正中间时，激发光也聚焦于其轨道下方正中间的那条数据轨道上，此时四象限光电探测器上接收到的是一圆形光斑，四个象限上光强相等，输出的电流I A＝I B＝I C＝I D，则(I A+I B)-(I C+I D)＝0。如果伺服光聚焦在偏左位置，则四象限光电探测器输出电流I A≠I B，I C≠I D，且(I A+I B)<(I C+I D)；如果伺服光聚焦在偏右位置，则四象限光电探测器输出电流I A≠I B，I C≠I D，且(I A+I B)>(I C+I D)。若令误差信号E＝(I A+I B)-(I C+I D)，则引导层凹槽下方径向方向上每一个点均对应唯一一个E值。因此，可以选取数据轨道位置上的E值，作为该轨道的误差信号基准值，径向跟踪过程中，通过实际误差信号与该基准值的比较来确定驱动信号。当一个沟槽下方存在N条数据轨道时，误差信号基准值分别为E 1，E 2，……E N。
下面举例说明：当N＝3时，存在3个误差信号基准值分别为E 1,E 2,E 3。其中E 2代表引导层凹槽正下方的数据轨道的误差信号基准值，其值大小为当伺服光聚焦于槽正中间时(I A+I B)-(I C+I D)的值，此时其值为0，即E 2＝0。
假设需要跟踪伺服的是沟槽下方正中间的这条数据轨道，在实际伺服过程中，如果测量到的误差信号E＝E 2，即说明读写光焦点已经位于所要跟踪的轨道上，故经由伺服控制运算模块501输出的跟踪伺服信号也为0；如果检测到的误差信号E<E 2，则说明伺服光聚焦在偏左位置，则输出的跟踪伺服信号为-TE(s)，驱动纳米平台带动物镜在向右移动设定的偏置量；如果检测到的误差信号E>E 2，则说明伺服光聚焦在偏右位置，则输出的跟踪伺服信号为+TE(s)，驱动纳米平台带动物镜在向左移动设定的偏置量。移动偏置量的大小根据E与E 2之间的差距计算得出。
同理，如果需要跟踪伺服的是沟槽下方左侧的那条数据轨道，则其基准值为激发光光聚焦于此处时的(I A+I B)-(I C+I D)的值，易知此时E 1<0。在实际伺 服过程中，如果测量到的误差信号E＝E 1，即说明读写光焦点已经位于所要跟踪的轨道上，故经由伺服控制运算模块501输出的跟踪伺服信号也为0；如果检测到的误差信号E<E 1，则说明伺服光聚焦在偏左位置，则输出的跟踪伺服信号为-TE(s)，驱动纳米平台带动物镜在向右移动设定的偏置量；如果检测到的误差信号E>E 1，则说明伺服光聚焦在偏右位置，则输出的跟踪伺服信号为+TE(s)。驱动纳米平台带动物镜在向左移动设定的偏置量。移动偏移量的大小根据E与E 1之间的差距计算得出。
实施例2：
本实施例展示本发明应用于基于受激辐射损耗显微术的超分辨光盘的径向伺服中的具体实施方式。
受激辐射损耗显微术利用受激辐射原理，需要两束严格共轴的激光，其中一束为激发光，另外一束为损耗光(也称STED光)，两束光作用的先后顺序可调换，作用时间长短亦可因记录介质而存在差异，其核心在于损耗光将激发光与记录介质可作用范围边缘的本该激发的状态转变为不发荧光状态。因此，基于受激辐射损耗显微术的超分辨光盘在进行数据刻录和读取时，一束受衍射极限约束的高斯形激发光聚焦在光盘记录层上用来引发光记录，另外一束中心光强为零的涡旋圆形聚焦光斑(也称为STED光)来抑制光记录，且这两束光的中心相互重合。此时，光记录现象只能发生在聚焦光斑的中心而边缘处被抑制，从而减小了有效记录光斑的尺寸，达到通过增加记录密度提升存储容量的目的。
本发明应用于基于受激辐射损耗显微术的超分辨光盘的伺服装置结构如图6所示，主要实现数据的写入、读出。
激发光光源101发出中心波长为λ1的一束光，其波长处于记录介质激发光谱的中心附近，为了防止激光器出射的光不是理想的球面波，使用准直透镜201将出射光整形成圆形光束，1/2波片212用于调节圆形光的光强，而后经过偏振分束片213成为线偏振光；
损耗光光源103发出中心波长为λ2的一束光，其波长处于记录介质激发光谱的尾端，为了防止激光器出射的光不是理想的球面波，使用准直透镜211将出射光整形成圆形光束，1/2波片215用于调节圆形光的光强，而后经过偏振分束片216成为线偏振光，涡旋相位板217用于将线偏振光处理为中心光强为零 的空心涡旋光；
二向色镜214对λ2反射而透射λ1，因此将空心涡旋光和线偏振光耦合到一条光路中，可调节中继透镜203、中继透镜207、反射镜210一起对所述的空心涡旋光和线偏振光补偿球差，两者光斑尺寸分别达到接近衍射极限的大小，1/4波片209将经补偿球差后的空心涡旋光和线偏振光处理成圆偏振实心光，以达到受激发射损耗的最佳结果，最后空心损耗光和圆偏振实心光经物镜401聚焦到所选记录层介质上，完成数据的写入；
记录层介质上激发光和损耗光共同作用后激发出突破衍射极限的荧光信号106，中心波长为λ 3，二向色镜218对206对λ 3反射，而对λ 1、λ 2透射，由于荧光信号较所用的损耗光能量小很多，滤光片220要选用中心波长为λ 3，截止λ 1、λ 2波长的带通滤光片，经像散透镜221如柱面镜聚焦到光电探测器302，光电探测器302选用雪崩光电二极管四象限光电探测器，可对荧光信号进行放大探测，由此读出信号。
此外，由于像散透镜221的特性，在焦点附近像散光束会出现轴向不对称性，且探测荧光信号的强度会改变，依据光电探测器302检测的聚焦误差信号调节二维位移台502带动物镜401作轴向运动，实现轴向聚焦伺服；
在光盘读写过程中，从伺服激光光源102中发射中心波长为λ 4的激光，经过准直透镜202整形成圆形光束，经过偏振分束片205变成s偏振光，二向色镜206对λ 4反射，而对λ 1、λ 2透射，使得伺服光和两记录光光路集成化，且仅需要一个物镜即可。伺服记录层004对伺服光具有高反射特性，反射后相当于前后两次经过1/4波片209，此时反射伺服光变为p偏振光，因此透过偏振分束片205时与发射的伺服光分离，经聚焦透镜208聚焦到光电探测器301上，其产生的误差信号调节二维位移台502带动物镜401作径向运动，实现径向跟踪伺服。如果光盘包含多层数据记录层，当记录层由第N层变为第N+1层时，需要同时调节一维位移台503带动中继透镜204运动，使伺服光始终锁定聚焦到伺服引导层004上，综上实现径向跟踪伺服。
伺服引导层的沟槽结构间距为320nm时，超分辨记录点尺寸在50nm左右时，在伺服引导层一个槽宽距离320nm内，对应记录层相应范围可进行至少三条信息轨道的存储，相邻信息道的间距为110nm，故单盘容量可达1TB以上，当缩小超分辨记录点尺寸和相邻信息轨道的间隔，增加记录层数，单盘容量可继续大 幅增加。
基于受激辐射损耗显微术的超分辨光盘记录原理如图7所示。表明超分辨荧光信号是中心波长为λ 1的激发光经图6所示的光学元件聚焦到记录介质表面的圆偏振实心光104和中心波长为λ 2的损耗光经图6所示的光学元件聚焦到记录介质表面的涡旋空心光105，两者共同作用产生的结果。为了实现超分辨记录效果，激发光和损耗光的中心对准，其作用的先后顺序和脉冲长度应与当前记录介质匹配。
图8显示为当光盘高速转动，盘片产生X 0f的振动情况下对聚焦误差检测过程的示意图。光电探测器302选用四象限光电探测器。当物镜401对焦时，四象限光电探测器上接收到的是一圆形光斑，四个象限上光强相等，输出的电流I A＝I B＝I C＝I D，且此时荧光信号最强，则经由伺服控制运算模块501输出的聚焦伺服信号为0；如果光盘距物镜过远，则荧光信号经像散透镜221后产生像散现象，则探测器上接收到的是一长轴位于竖直位置的椭圆光斑，输出电流I A≠I B，I C≠I D，(I A+I C)>(I B+I D)，输出的聚焦伺服信号为+TE(r)；如果光盘的信息面距离物镜过近，则相反，输出的聚焦伺服信号为-TE(r)。聚焦伺服信号驱动纳米平台带动物镜在竖直方向移动X rf，跟随盘片的振动。若盘片振动频率过快导致聚焦伺服信号滞后输出，控制降低主轴的转速。
本实施例中的径向伺服过程与实施例1相同，首先系统内部根据每条沟槽所对应的信息轨道数量N(图中显示N＝3)，预设了N个误差信号基准值E 1，
E 2，……E N。实际伺服过程中，对于第K条轨道，如果测量到的误差信号E＝E k，即说明读写光焦点已经位于所要跟踪的轨道上，故经由伺服控制运算模块501输出的跟踪伺服信号也为0；如果检测到的误差信号E<E k，则说明伺服光聚焦在偏左位置，则输出的跟踪伺服信号为-TE(s)，驱动纳米平台带动物镜在向右移动设定的偏置量；如果检测到的误差信号E>E k，则说明伺服光聚焦在偏右位置，则输出的跟踪伺服信号为+TE(s)，驱动纳米平台带动物镜在向左移动设定的偏置量。移动偏置量的大小根据E与E k之间的差距计算得出。
实施例3：
本实施例展示本发明应用于基于双光子吸收技术的超分辨光盘的径向伺服中的具体实施方式。
在高光子密度情况下，荧光分子可以同时吸收两个长波长的光子，两个光子的能量作用下，在经过一个很短的激发态寿命后，荧光分子跃迁到激发态，发射出一个较短波长的光子。双光子吸收几率依赖于两个入射光子在空间和时间上的重合程度(两个光子到达荧光分子的间隔小于1飞秒)。双光子吸收截面很小，只有在具有很大光子流量的区域的荧光团才会被激发，因此可以产生小于衍射极限的荧光点。
本发明应用于基于双光子吸收技术的超分辨光盘的伺服装置结构如图9所示，主要实现数据的写入、读出。
激发光光源101发出中心波长为λ 1的一束光，使用准直透镜201将出射光整形成圆形光束，后经过偏振片222成为线偏振光，后经过相位延迟组件223调节相位；
另一激发光光源107发出中心波长为λ 2的一束光，使用准直透镜211将出射光整形成圆形光束，后经过偏振片224成为线偏振光，经反射镜225反射至二向色镜214；
二向色镜214对λ 1透射而反射λ 2，因此将两束线偏振光耦合到一条光路中，可调节中继透镜203、中继透镜207、反射镜210一起对两束线偏振光补偿球差，两者光斑尺寸分别达到接近衍射极限的大小，最后两束光经物镜401聚焦到所选记录层介质上，触发荧光双光子吸收过程，完成数据的写入；
荧光物质吸收双光子后放出荧光信号108，中心波长为λ 3，二向色镜218对206对λ 3反射，而对λ 1、λ 2透射，由于荧光信号较所用的损耗光能量小很多，滤光片220要选用中心波长为λ 3，截止λ 1、λ 2波长的带通滤光片，经像散透镜221如柱面镜聚焦到光电探测器302，光电探测器302选用雪崩光电二极管四象限光电探测器，可对荧光信号进行放大探测，由此读出信号。
此外，由于像散透镜221的特性，在焦点附近像散光束会出现轴向不对称性，且探测荧光信号的强度会改变，依据光电探测器302检测的聚焦误差信号调节二维位移台502带动物镜401作轴向运动，实现轴向聚焦伺服；
在光盘读写过程中，从伺服激光光源102中发射中心波长为λ 4的激光，经准直透镜202整形成圆形光束，经过偏振分束片205变成s偏振光，二向色镜206对λ 4反射，而对λ 1、λ 2透射，使得伺服光和两记录光光路集成化，且仅需要一个物镜即可。伺服记录层004对伺服光具有高反射特性，反射后相当于前 后两次经过1/4波片209，此时反射伺服光变为p偏振光，因此透过偏振分束片205时与发射的伺服光分离，经聚焦透镜208聚焦到光电探测器301上，其产生的误差信号调节二维位移台502带动物镜401作径向运动，实现径向跟踪伺服。如果光盘包含多层数据记录层，当记录层由第N层变为第N+1层时，需要同时调节一维位移台503带动中继透镜204运动，使伺服光始终锁定聚焦到伺服引导层004上，综上实现径向跟踪伺服。
本实施例中的径向伺服过程与实施例1相同，首先系统内部根据每条沟槽所对应的信息轨道数量N(图中显示N＝3)，预设了N个误差信号基准值E 1，E 2，……E N。实际伺服过程中，对于第K条轨道，如果测量到的误差信号E＝E k，即说明读写光焦点已经位于所要跟踪的轨道上，故经由伺服控制运算模块501输出的跟踪伺服信号也为0；如果检测到的误差信号E<E k，则说明伺服光聚焦在偏左位置，则输出的跟踪伺服信号为-TE(s)，驱动纳米平台带动物镜在向右移动设定的偏置量；如果检测到的误差信号E>E k，则说明伺服光聚焦在偏右位置，则输出的跟踪伺服信号为+TE(s)，驱动纳米平台带动物镜在向左移动设定的偏置量。移动偏置量的大小根据E与E k之间的差距计算得出。
需要说明的是，上述实施例中使用的误差信号基准值选取方式为E＝(I A+I B)-(I C+I D)，其中I AI BI CI D为四象限光电探测器探测到的信号强度信息，该基准值选取方式仅作为示例的一种，并非限定只此一种选取方式。本发明中还可以使用其他基准值选取方式如：E＝f(I A+I B)-f(I C+I D)，其中f(x)为信号x的相位。总结来说，只要误差信号与伺服光中心点位置呈现单调相关的函数关系，原则上都可以作为一种误差信号基准值的选取方式。
需要说明的是，上述实施例中列举了基于受激辐射损耗显微术的超分辨光盘与基于双光子吸收技术的超分辨光盘这两种超分辨光盘的径向伺服装置，其目的是为了具体呈现本发明的具体实施方式，并非限定本发明只能应用于这两种超分辨光盘的径向伺服当中。根据本发明的原理，容易知道凡是光盘结构中包含图2所示结构的超分辨光盘，均可通过本发明所述的径向伺服装置和伺服方法实现径向伺服控制。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本发明。 任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种超分辨光盘伺服装置，其特征在于，包括激发光光源、伺服光光源、整合光路、聚焦单元、伺服光检测单元、驱动控制单元；
    所述激发光光源发出激发光，所述伺服光光源发出伺服光，激发光与伺服光经过整合光路到达聚焦单元，被聚焦于光盘盘面，伺服光在盘面经过反射后再次经过聚焦单元，随后其反射光被伺服光检测单元检测，并将检测结果传递给驱动控制单元；
    所述的激发光光源包括至少一束单一波长的激光光源，或不同波长的激光光源；
    所述的整合光路至少包括准直透镜，将伺服光与激发光整形成共轴圆形平行光束；
    所述的聚焦单元至少包括能够起到聚焦作用的光学元件，将激发光与伺服光聚焦到同一轴线上；
    所述的伺服光检测单元，对所述伺服光束被所述聚焦单元汇聚并被所述超分辨光盘所具有的伺服引导层反射产生的伺服反射光束进行检测；
    所述的驱动控制单元，针对伺服光照射光盘所具有的伺服引导层产生的反射光的检测信号，预设了N个检测误差基准值，根据伺服反射光的检测结果与所述检测误差基准值的比较结果，控制所述聚焦单元的径向位置，N为大于1的整数。
  2. 一种超分辨光盘，其特征在于，包括多层结构，包括一层含有螺旋形沟槽状的伺服引导层，以及其下方存在的至少一层的数据记录层；
    所述数据记录层中以螺旋形式分布着数据存储单元，每条螺旋线上的存储单元构成一根数据存储轨道，其中每N条数据存储轨道对应于伺服引导层中的一条沟槽，N为大于1的整数；
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的超分辨光盘伺服装置，其特征在于，所述的超分辨光盘采用包括超分辨荧光显微技术、双光子吸收技术、超分辨光学滤波技术、介质超分辨技术方式产生小于激发光衍射极限的记录点。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的超分辨光盘，其特征在于，所述的数据存储单元的最小尺寸小于所述激发光的衍射极限。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的超分辨光盘伺服装置，其特征在于，所述的伺服光光源与所述激发光光源波长不相同。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的超分辨光盘伺服装置，其特征在于，所述的聚焦单元具的数值孔径不小于0.65。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的超分辨光盘伺服装置，其特征在于，所述的超分辨荧光显微技术包括受激辐射损耗显微术。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的超分辨光盘伺服装置，其特征在于：包括损耗光光源(103)、准直透镜(211)、1/2波片(215)、偏振分束片(216)、涡旋相位板(217)、激发光光源(101)、准直透镜(201)、1/2波片(212)、偏振分束片(213)、二向色镜(214)、中继透镜(203)、二向色镜(206)、中继透镜(207)、反射镜(210)、二向色镜(218)、1/4波片(209)、物镜(401)、滤光片(220)、像散透镜(221)、光电探测器(302)、伺服激光光源(102)、准直透镜(202)、偏振分束片(205)、中继透镜(204)、聚焦透镜(208)、光电探测器(301)、供所述的物镜(401)放置的二维位移台(502)、供所述的中继透镜(204)放置的一维位移台(503)；
    所述的损耗光光源(103)输出的光束依经准直透镜(211)、1/2波片(215)、偏振分束片(216)和涡旋相位板(217)后射入所述的二向色镜(214)，经该二向色镜(214)反射形成第一反射光；
    所述的激发光光源(101)输出的光束依次经准直透镜(201)、1/2波片(212)和偏振分束片(213)后射入二向色镜(214)，经该二向色镜(214)透射形成第一透射光；
    所述的第一反射光及第一透射光经二向色镜(214)合束后，经过中继透镜(203)射入二向色镜(206)，经该二向色镜(206)透射形成第二透射光；
    所述的第二透射光依次经过中继透镜(207)、反射镜(210)后射入二向色镜(218)，经该二向色镜(218)透射后形成第三透射光；
    所述的第三透射光依次经过1/4波片(209)和物镜(401)入射到所述的超分辨光盘(001)所具有的第N记录层(002)，产生的荧光信号经物镜(401)收集后，经所述的1/4波片(209)入射到二向色镜(218)，经该二向色镜(218)反射形成第二反射光；
    所述的第二反射光依次经过滤光片(220)、像散透镜(221)到达光电探 测器(302)；
    所述的伺服激光光源(102)输出的光束经准直透镜(202)入射到偏振分束片(205)，经该偏振分束片(205)反射形成具有第一线偏振态的第三反射光；
    所述的第三反射光经中继透镜(204)射入二向色镜(206)，经该二向色镜(206)反射形成第四反射光；
    所述的第四反射光依次经过中继透镜(207)、反射镜(210)、二向色镜(218)、1/4波片(209)和物镜(401)入射到所述的超分辨光盘(001)所具有的伺服引导层(004)，经该伺服引导层(004)反射形成第五反射光；
    所述的第五反射光依次经过物镜(401)入射到1/4波片(209)，经1/4波片(209)变成具有第二线偏振态的第五反射光；
    所述的具有第二线偏振态的第五反射光依次经过二向色镜(218)、反射镜(210)、中继透镜(207)入射到二向色镜(206)，经该二向色镜(206)反射形成第六反射光；
    所述的第六反射光经中继透镜(204)入射到偏振分束片(205)，经该偏振分束片(205)透射形成第四透射光；
    所述的第四透射光经聚焦透镜(208)到达光电探测器(301)；
    所述的光电探测器(301)经伺服控制运算模块(501)分别与所述的二维位移台(502)和一维位移台(503)相连。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的超分辨光盘伺服装置，其特征在于：
    所述第一准直透镜(2)将从损耗光光源(1)中发射的第一椭圆光束整形成第一圆形光束，第一1/2波片(3)用于调节所述第一圆形光的光强，所述第一偏振分束片(4)用于将经所述第一1/2波片(3)后的第一圆形光束处理为第三线偏振光，所述涡旋相位板(5)用于将所述第三线偏振光处理为中心光强为零的空心涡旋光；
    所述第二准直透镜(7)将从激发光光源(6)中发射的第二椭圆光束整形成第二圆形光束，第一1/2波片(3)用于调节所述第二圆形光的光强，所述第一偏振分束片(4)用于将经所述第一1/2波片(3)后的第二圆形光束处理为第四线偏振光；
    所述的第二二向色镜(12)用于将空心涡旋光和第四线偏振光耦合到一条 光路中，所述的第一中继透镜(11)、第二中继透镜(13)、反射镜(14)一起对所述的空心涡旋光和第四线偏振光补偿球差，所述的1/4波片(16)将经补偿球差后的空心涡旋光和第四线偏振光处理成圆偏振实心光(37)和空心涡旋光(38)，以达到受激发射损耗的最佳结果；
    所述圆偏振实心光(37)和空心涡旋光(38)经物镜(17)聚焦到所选第N记录层(18)的介质上，完成数据的写入；
    所述处理后的圆偏振实心光(37)和空心涡旋光(38)聚焦到所选第N记录层(18)的介质上后，激发出突破衍射极限的荧光信号(39)，经第三二向色镜(15)和滤光片(20)分离后，所述第一光电探测器(22)对荧光信号进行探测，完成信号的读出。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的超分辨光盘伺服装置，其特征在于，所述的超分辨光盘(001)上预先刻有一个螺旋形沟槽状的伺服引导层(004)，其槽宽应大于伺服光的爱里斑大小。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的超分辨光盘伺服装置，其特征在于，所述处理后的圆偏振实心光(104)和空心涡旋光(105)聚焦到所选记录层介质上后，两者中心对准。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的超分辨光盘伺服装置，其特征在于，所述的第一线偏振态与第二线偏振态相互垂直；
  13. 根据权利要求8所述的超分辨光盘伺服装置，其特征在于，具有径向跟踪伺服控制和轴向聚焦伺服控制，所述的激发光、损耗光、激发的荧光信号、伺服激光对超分辨光盘(001)写入和读出数据的过程中，通过所述的光电探测器(302)输出轴向聚焦误差信号、光电探测器(301)输出径向跟踪误差信号到伺服控制运算模块(501)中，经该伺服控制运算模块(501)控制二维位移台(502)和一维位移台(502)的运动及相互之间的配合，实现径向跟踪和轴向聚焦伺服。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的超分辨光盘伺服装置，其特征在于：所述的荧光信号(106)经像散透镜(221)被光电探测器(302)收集，所述的光电探测器(302)输出轴向聚焦误差信号到伺服控制运算模块(501)，该伺服控制运算模块(501)控制二维位移台(30)作轴向运动，使所述的圆偏振实心光(104)和空心涡旋光(105)始终聚焦在选定的第N记录层(002)上。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的超分辨光盘伺服装置，其特征在于：当需要改变记录层至第N+1记录层(003)上时，通过伺服控制运算模块(501)给二维位移台(502)在接受轴向聚焦和径向跟踪误差信号的同时额外加一恒稳偏置电压，带动物镜(401)运动，使损耗激光和激发激光的焦点移动至第N+1记录层(003)上，同时调节一维位移台(503)带动中继透镜(204)移动，使伺服激光光源(102)的焦点锁定在伺服引导层(004)的对应位置上。
  16. 根据权利要求8所述的超分辨光盘伺服装置，其特征在于：在所述的伺服控制运算模块(501)、二维位移台(502)和一维位移台(503)的配合下，伺服引导层一个槽宽距离内，对应记录层相应范围可进行多轨读写。
  17. 根据权利要求8所述的超分辨光盘伺服装置，其特征在于：所述的轴向聚焦伺服信号和径向跟踪伺服信号经伺服控制运算模块(501)，共同对主轴电机(005)的转速加以控制，以使信息传递能够稳定进行，确保伺服的精度。
  18. 根据权利要求7所述的基于双光子吸收技术超分辨光盘伺服装置，其特征在于，包括激发光光源(101)、第二激发光光源(107)，准直透镜(211)、偏振片(224)、反光镜(225)、激发光光源(101)、准直透镜(201)、偏振片(222)、相位延迟组件(223)、二向色镜(214)、中继透镜(203)、二向色镜(206)、中继透镜(207)、反射镜(210)、二向色镜(218)、1/4波片(209)、物镜(401)、滤光片(220)、像散透镜(221)、光电探测器(302)、伺服激光光源(102)、准直透镜(202)、偏振分束片(205)、中继透镜(204)、聚焦透镜(208)、光电探测器(301)、供所述的物镜(401)放置的二维位移台(502)、供所述的中继透镜(204)放置的一维位移台(503)；
    所述的激发光光源(101)输出的光束依次经准直透镜(201)、偏振片(222)和相位延迟组件(223)后射入二向色镜(214)，经该二向色镜(214)透射形成第一透射光；
    所述的第二激发光光源(107)输出的光束依经准直透镜(211)、偏振片(224)、反射镜(225)后射入所述的二向色镜(214)，经该二向色镜(214)反射形成第一反射光；
    所述的第一反射光及第一透射光经二向色镜(214)合束后，经过中继透镜(203)射入二向色镜(206)，经该二向色镜(206)透射形成第二透射光；
    所述的第二透射光依次经过中继透镜(207)、反射镜(210)后射入二向 色镜(218)，经该二向色镜(218)透射后形成第三透射光；
    所述的第三透射光依次经过物镜(401)入射到所述的超分辨光盘(001)的第N记录层(002)，产生的荧光信号经物镜(401)收集后，经该二向色镜(218)反射形成第二反射光；
    所述的第二反射光依次经过滤光片(220)、像散透镜(221)到达光电探测器(302)；
    所述的伺服激光光源(102)输出的光束经准直透镜(202)入射到偏振分束片(205)，经该偏振分束片(205)反射形成具有第一线偏振态的第三反射光；
    所述的第三反射光经1/4波片(209)，中继透镜(204)射入二向色镜(206)，经该二向色镜(206)反射形成第四反射光；
    所述的第四反射光依次经过中继透镜(207)、反射镜(210)、二向色镜(218)和物镜(401)入射到所述的超分辨光盘(001)所具有的伺服引导层(004)，经该伺服引导层(004)反射形成第五反射光；
    所述的第五反射光依次物镜(401)，经过二向色镜(218)、反射镜(210)、中继透镜(207)入射到二向色镜(206)，经该二向色镜(206)反射形成第六反射光；
    所述的第六反射光经中继透镜(204)，1/4波片(209)入射到偏振分束片(205)，经该偏振分束片(205)透射形成第四透射光；
    所述的第四透射光经聚焦透镜(208)到达光电探测器(301)；
    所述的光电探测器(301)经伺服控制运算模块(501)与二维位移台(502)相连，所述的光电探测器(301)经伺服控制运算模块(501)分别与所述的二维位移台(502)和一维位移台(503)相连。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的超分辨光盘伺服装置，其特征在于所述的超分辨光盘(001)上预先刻有一个螺旋形沟槽状的伺服引导层(004)，其槽宽应大于伺服光的爱里斑大小。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的超分辨光盘伺服装置，其特征在于具有径向跟踪伺服控制和轴向聚焦伺服控制，所述的激发光、第二激发光、激发的荧光信号、伺服激光对超分辨光盘(001)写入和读出数据的过程中，通过所述的光电探测器(302)输出轴向聚焦误差信号、光电探测器(301)输出径向跟踪误差 信号到伺服控制运算模块(501)中，经该伺服控制运算模块(501)控制二维位移台(502)和一维位移台(502)的运动及相互之间的配合，实现径向跟踪和轴向聚焦伺服。
  21. 根据权利要求18所述的超分辨光盘伺服装置，其特征在于：在所述的伺服控制运算模块(501)、二维位移台(502)和一维位移台(503)的配合下，伺服引导层一个槽宽距离内，对应记录层相应范围可进行多轨读写。
  22. 根据权利要求18所述的超分辨光盘伺服装置，其特征在于：所述的轴向聚焦伺服信号和径向跟踪伺服信号经伺服控制运算模块(501)，共同对主轴电机(005)的转速加以控制，以使信息传递能够稳定进行，确保伺服的精度。
  23. 一种如权利要求1-22任一所述的超分辨光盘伺服方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    步骤1：伺服光经过透镜聚焦在光盘上的螺旋引导沟槽上；
    步骤2：伺服光的反射光被信号检测单元检测并将检测结果发送给驱动控制单元；
    步骤3：驱动控制单元根据检测结果控制透镜的位置使激发光焦点移动到所需的数据轨道上；
    所述驱动控制单元根据伺服光在一个沟槽内的反射光，完成N条数据轨道的径向伺服，N为大于1的整数。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的超分辨光盘伺服方法，其特征在于，驱动控制单元针对伺服光照射在单一沟槽内的不同位置，预先设定了N个基准值，通过检测单元的检测结果与基准值的比对，输出驱动信号，使物镜运动到目标位置。
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