WO2019196040A1 - 电芯及锂离子电池 - Google Patents

电芯及锂离子电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019196040A1
WO2019196040A1 PCT/CN2018/082717 CN2018082717W WO2019196040A1 WO 2019196040 A1 WO2019196040 A1 WO 2019196040A1 CN 2018082717 W CN2018082717 W CN 2018082717W WO 2019196040 A1 WO2019196040 A1 WO 2019196040A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pole piece
notch
end portion
battery cell
cell according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/082717
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曾巧
江静
王可飞
Original Assignee
宁德新能源科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德新能源科技有限公司 filed Critical 宁德新能源科技有限公司
Priority to CA3095358A priority Critical patent/CA3095358C/en
Priority to CN201880088590.4A priority patent/CN111699584A/zh
Priority to JP2020554875A priority patent/JP7163404B2/ja
Priority to PCT/CN2018/082717 priority patent/WO2019196040A1/zh
Priority to EP18914898.4A priority patent/EP3780236A4/en
Publication of WO2019196040A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019196040A1/zh
Priority to US17/065,089 priority patent/US20210028497A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0587—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only wound construction elements, i.e. wound positive electrodes, wound negative electrodes and wound separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the battery field of the present application is particularly a battery core and a lithium ion battery.
  • Lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in consumer electronics, but due to their own characteristics, lithium-ion batteries have certain safety risks. If the electronic product of the consumer product falls, the outer aluminum foil is prone to tear, which causes the internal short circuit of the battery to fail.
  • a lithium ion battery coated with a double-sided pole piece can be used, and the separator is used to finish the tail. During the falling process, there is a large friction between the outer layer of the separator and the package to relieve the impact force, and the outer layer only has Double-sided pole pieces greatly reduce the risk of tearing and breakage short circuits. Since the pole piece is completely continuous coated, only the ear side has a difference, and it is difficult to distinguish the starting end of the battery core. If the feeding is wrong, the pole is misaligned and the package is affected.
  • an object of the present application is to provide a battery cell and a lithium ion battery capable of discriminating the head and the tail of the pole piece.
  • the present application provides a battery core including a first pole piece wound to form a portion of a battery core, wherein the first pole piece has a first end portion along a length direction of the unfolded first pole piece And the edge of the first end is formed with a first notch.
  • the first pole piece further has a second end opposite to the first end portion in the length direction, wherein the edge of the second end portion is formed with a second notch.
  • the first notch and the second notch are disposed opposite to each other along the length direction and the openings thereof are opposite in direction.
  • one of the first end and the second end forms the head of the first pole piece and the other forms the tail of the first pole piece.
  • the present application further comprising winding a second pole piece forming a part of the battery core, wherein the second pole piece has a third end portion and a third end portion along a length direction of the unfolded second pole piece The edge is formed with a third gap.
  • the second pole piece further has a fourth end portion opposite to the third end portion along the length direction of the second pole piece, wherein the edge of the fourth end portion is formed with a fourth notch.
  • the third notch and the fourth notch are disposed opposite to each other along the length direction of the second pole piece and the openings thereof are opposite in direction.
  • one of the third end and the fourth end forms the head of the second pole piece and the other forms the tail of the second pole piece.
  • one of the first pole piece and the second pole piece is a cathode pole piece, and the other is an anode pole piece.
  • the first notch is formed at the beginning of the anode pole piece, and the third notch is formed at the finishing end of the cathode pole piece.
  • the tabs are disposed on the top of the cell in the thickness direction of the cell.
  • a tab is provided in the thickness direction at the bottom of the cell opposite the top.
  • a lithium ion battery comprising the battery core according to any of the above embodiments, and a packaging pouch for packaging the battery core.
  • the first pole piece along the length direction of the first pole piece, the first pole piece has a first end portion, and a first notch is formed at the edge of the first end portion, thereby helping to identify the head and the tail of the first pole piece, thereby It is avoided that the external force point directly acts on a single pole piece during the cell replacement process, thereby reducing the safety risk of the battery core in the replacement process.
  • FIG. 1 is a top plan view of one embodiment of a first pole piece of a battery cell of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of one embodiment of a first pole piece of the battery cell of the present application
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of one embodiment of a first pole piece of the cell of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a top plan view of one embodiment of a second pole piece of the battery cell of the present application.
  • 5 to 8 are schematic views of respective embodiments of one of the pole pieces of the battery of the present application.
  • Figure 9 is a plan view of an embodiment of the battery cell of the present application, wherein the tabs are located on the same side of the cell;
  • Figure 10 is a top plan view of another embodiment of the battery cell of the present application, wherein the tabs are located on both sides of the cell;
  • Figure 11 is a top plan view of one embodiment of a battery cell of the present application in which the tabs are not cut.
  • the present application provides a battery cell 1 including a first pole piece 2 wound to form a part of a battery cell, wherein the first pole piece 2 has a length along the length direction of the unfolded first pole piece 2.
  • the one end portion 4 and the edge of the first end portion 4 are formed with a first notch 6.
  • the provision of a notch at one end of the continuously coated cathode pole piece helps to distinguish the head and the tail of the pole piece, the end of the pole piece at the inside of the cell is the head, and the end of the pole piece outside the cell is Tail.
  • the battery core often needs to be replaced due to the life decay.
  • By providing a notch on the pole piece it is possible to avoid the external force point directly acting on the single pole piece during the cell replacement process, thereby reducing the electricity. The safety risk of the core during the replacement process.
  • the first pole piece 2 further has a second end portion 8 opposite to the first end portion 4 in the longitudinal direction, wherein the edge of the second end portion 8 is formed with a second notch 10 .
  • a notch may be provided at the first end portion 4 or the second end portion 8 of the first pole piece 2 for positioning of the feed; and during the replacement of the battery core, the point of force can be avoided as a separate pole piece To reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the distance between the center of the first notch 6 or the second notch 10 from the edge of the first end portion 4 or the second end portion 8 of the first pole piece 2 is the width of the first end portion 4 or the second end portion 8.
  • the width of the first notch 6 or the second notch 10 is 1/7 to 3/5 of the width of the first end portion 4 or the second end portion 8 of the first pole piece 2, first If the gap 6 or the second notch 10 is too large, the edge of the first notch 6 or the second notch 10 is too small from the edge of the first pole piece 2, and the powder is easily dropped to cause a short circuit; the first notch 6 or the second notch 10 Too small to effectively avoid the external force to open the point.
  • the center of the first notch 6 described herein refers to the deepest portion where the first notch 6 is recessed toward the first pole piece 2, and the center of the second notch 10 refers to the deepest portion where the second notch 10 is recessed toward the first pole piece 2. .
  • the width of the first end portion 4 or the second end portion 8 means the width along the width direction of the first pole piece 2.
  • the first notch 6 and the second notch 10 are disposed opposite to each other in the longitudinal direction and the openings thereof are opposite in direction.
  • the first notch 6 is an axisymmetric structure
  • the second notch 10 is also an axisymmetric structure
  • the axis of symmetry of the first notch 6 is the same as the axis of symmetry of the second notch 10, that is, two axes of symmetry. In a straight line.
  • one of the first end portion 4 and the second end portion 8 forms the head of the first pole piece 2, and the other forms the tail of the first pole piece 2.
  • a second pole piece 12 that is wound to form a portion of a battery cell is further included, wherein the second pole piece 12 has a third end along the lengthwise direction of the unfolded second pole piece 12.
  • the portion 14 and the edge of the third end portion 14 are formed with a third notch 16.
  • the second pole piece 12 further has a fourth end opposite to the third end portion 14 along the length direction of the second pole piece 12, wherein the edge of the fourth end portion is formed with a fourth notch.
  • a notch may be provided at the third end portion 14 or the fourth end portion of the second pole piece 12 for positioning of the feeding; and during the replacement of the battery core, the point of the force can be avoided as a separate pole Tablet to reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the distance between the center of the third notch 16 or the fourth notch from the edge of the third end portion 14 or the fourth end portion of the second pole piece 12 is 1/3 of the width of the third end portion 14 or the fourth end portion.
  • the width of the third notch 16 or the fourth notch is 1/7 to 3/5 of the width of the third end portion or the fourth end portion of the second pole piece 12, and the third notch 16 or the fourth notch If the distance between the edge of the third notch 16 or the fourth notch and the edge of the second pole piece 12 is too small, the powder may be easily dropped to cause a short circuit; the third notch 16 or the fourth notch may be too small to effectively avoid The external force opened the point.
  • the third notch 16 and the fourth notch are disposed opposite to each other along the length direction of the second pole piece and the openings thereof are opposite in direction.
  • one of the third end portion 14 and the fourth end portion forms the head of the second pole piece 12, and the other forms the tail portion of the second pole piece 12.
  • one of the first pole piece 2 and the second pole piece 12 is a cathode pole piece, and the other is an anode pole piece.
  • the first indentation 6 is formed in the beginning of the anode pole piece and the third indentation 16 is formed in the finishing section of the cathode pole piece.
  • a diaphragm that is wound to form a portion of the battery core is further included, wherein the diaphragm is disposed between the first pole piece 2 and the second pole piece 12.
  • FIG. 5 a schematic diagram of various embodiments of one of the pole pieces of the cell of the present application is shown.
  • various structures of the pole piece are described by taking the first pole piece 2 as a cathode pole piece as an example, but it should be understood that the structure of the pole piece described below is also applicable to the anode pole piece (for example, the second pole)
  • the sheet 12 is), that is, the following description does not constitute any limitation to the present application.
  • both sides of the cathode pole piece 2 are coated with a cathode active material 3, and the cathode pole piece 2 includes a first notch 6.
  • the cathode pole piece 2 has a plurality of tabs 5 thereon, the tabs 5 projecting from the edge of the cathode current collector 7, and the top of the cathode active material 3 protrudes from the edge of the cathode current collector 7 by about 0 to 2mm. That is, in this embodiment, the top of the cathode active material 3 is between the edge of the cathode pole piece 2 and the edge of the tab 5.
  • both sides of the cathode pole piece 2 are coated with a cathode active material 3, and the cathode pole piece 2 includes a first notch 6.
  • the cathode pole piece 2 has a plurality of tabs 5 thereon, the tabs 5 projecting from the edge of the cathode current collector 7, and the top of the cathode active material 3 protrudes from the edge of the cathode current collector 7 by about 0 to 2mm.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 6 further comprises an insulating layer 9 which is applied at the location of the tabs 5 and which interfaces with the active material 3.
  • both sides of the cathode pole piece 2 are coated with a cathode active material 3, and the cathode pole piece 2 includes a first notch 6.
  • the cathode pole piece 2 has a plurality of tabs 5 thereon, and the tabs 5 protrude from the edges of the cathode current collector 7.
  • the insulating layer 9 is further included in this embodiment. Different from the embodiment shown in Fig. 6, the insulating layer 9 in Fig. 7 extends along the edge of the coated region of the active material 3 to the lower middle portion of the tab 5.
  • both sides of the cathode pole piece 2 are coated with a cathode active material 3, and the cathode pole piece 2 includes a first notch 6.
  • the tab 5 of the same length as the current collector 7 is included in the embodiment shown in Fig. 8, and the tab 5 protrudes from the top of the cathode current collector 7.
  • first pole piece 2 as the cathode pole piece, and all the structures and configurations as described above can be equally applied to the anode pole piece, and the above is only the embodiment of the present application. It does not constitute any limitation on this application.
  • a tab 18 is disposed on the top of the cell along the thickness direction T of the cell.
  • a tab 20 is provided at the bottom of the cell opposite the top.
  • the tabs may be located on one side of the cell or on both sides of the cell.
  • the tabs 18, 20 may be disposed at the top of the thickness direction T of the cell; and in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the tabs 18 may be placed in the electrical The top of the core, and the tab 20 can be placed at the bottom of the cell. It should of course be understood that the position and configuration of the tabs may depend on the particular application.
  • Providing a notch in the head or tail of the pole piece helps to identify the head and tail of the pole piece, especially when the pole piece is provided on the top and bottom of the cell, it is not easy to distinguish the head and the tail of the pole piece. After the gap is set, the head and the tail can be easily distinguished, and the misalignment caused by the feeding error can be effectively avoided, thereby affecting the packaging of the battery core.
  • Figure 11 shows a top view of one embodiment of a battery cell in accordance with the present application in which the tabs are not cut.
  • the tabs 18, 20 may be disposed on the top and bottom of the cell, but in this embodiment the tabs 18, 20 are not cut such that the cell contains pole pieces of the same length as the current collector tab.
  • the structure shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 may be adopted, and the structure shown in FIG. 11 may also be adopted. It is also possible to cut the tab 18 without cutting the tab 20 and vice versa. Therefore, the various embodiments described above are not intended to limit the application.
  • a lithium ion battery comprising the battery core according to any of the above embodiments, and a packaging pouch for packaging the battery core.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了一种电芯，包括卷绕形成电芯的一部分的第一极片，其中，沿展开的第一极片的长度方向，第一极片具有第一端部并且第一端部的边缘形成有第一缺口。还提供一种锂离子电池。本申请的目的在于提供一种能够辨别极片的头部和尾部的电芯及锂离子电池。

Description

电芯及锂离子电池 技术领域
本申请电池领域，特别是一种电芯及锂离子电池。
背景技术
锂离子电池已被广泛应用于消费品电子中，但由于锂离子电池自己的特性，其具有一定的安全风险。如消费品电子摔落的过程，就容易发生外层铝箔撕裂，从而导致电池内部短路失效。为了解决该问题，可采用双面涂覆极片的锂离子电池，采用隔离膜收尾，在跌落过程中外层的隔离膜与包装袋间存在较大的摩擦能缓解冲击力，且外层仅有双面极片大大降低了撕裂及破损短路的风险。由于该极片采用完全连续涂布，仅极耳侧有差别，较难分辨电芯的起始端，若入料错误则会导致极耳错位从而影响封装。
发明内容
针对相关技术中存在的问题，本申请的目的在于提供一种能够辨别极片的头部和尾部的电芯及锂离子电池。
为实现上述目的，本申请提供了一种电芯，包括卷绕形成电芯的一部分的第一极片，其中，沿展开的第一极片的长度方向，第一极片具有第一端部并且第一端部的边缘形成有第一缺口。
根据本申请的实施例，第一极片还具有沿长度方向与第一端部相对的第二端部，其中，第二端部的边缘形成有第二缺口。
根据本申请的实施例，第一缺口和第二缺口沿长度方向彼此相对设置且二者开口方向相反。
根据本申请的实施例，第一端部和第二端部中的一者形成第一极片的头部，并且另一者形成第一极片的尾部。
根据本申请的实施例，还包括卷绕形成电芯的一部分的第二极片，其中，沿展开的第二极片的长度方向，第二极片具有第三端部并且第三端部 的边缘形成有第三缺口。
根据本申请的实施例，第二极片还具有沿第二极片的长度方向与第三端部相对的第四端部，其中，第四端部的边缘形成有第四缺口。
根据本申请的实施例，第三缺口和第四缺口沿第二极片的长度方向彼此相对设置且二者开口方向相反。
根据本申请的实施例，第三端部和第四端部中的一者形成第二极片的头部，并且另一者形成第二极片的尾部。
根据本申请的实施例，第一极片和第二极片中的一者为阴极极片，并且另一者为阳极极片。
根据本申请的实施例，第一缺口形成在阳极极片的起始段，并且第三缺口形成在阴极极片的收尾段。
根据本申请的以上任一实施例，沿电芯的厚度方向，在电芯的顶部设置有极耳。
根据本申请的实施例，沿厚度方向，在电芯的与顶部相对的底部设置有极耳。
根据本申请的另一实施例，还提供一种锂离子电池，包括权利要求以上任一实施例所述的电芯、以及封装电芯的包装袋。
本申请的有益技术效果在于：
本申请中，沿第一极片的长度方向，第一极片具有第一端部，在第一端部的边缘形成第一缺口，有助于识别第一极片的头部和尾部，从而避免在电芯置换过程中外力点直接作用在单个极片上，进而减小了电芯在置换过程中的安全风险。
附图说明
图1是本申请电芯的第一极片的一个实施例的俯视图；
图2是本申请电芯的第一极片的一个实施例的俯视图；
图3是本申请电芯的第一极片的一个实施例的俯视图；
图4是本申请电芯的第二极片的一个实施例的俯视图；
图5至图8是本申请电芯的其中一个极片的各个实施例的示意图；
图9是本申请电芯一个实施例的俯视图，其中极耳位于电芯的同一侧；
图10是本申请电芯另一实施例的俯视图，其中极耳位于电芯的两侧；以及
图11是本申请电芯的一个实施例的俯视图，其中极耳未被切割。
具体实施方式
参考图1，本申请提供了一种电芯1，包括卷绕形成电芯的一部分的第一极片2，其中，沿展开的第一极片2的长度方向，第一极片2具有第一端部4并且第一端部4的边缘形成有第一缺口6。
也就是说，在连续涂布的阴极极片的一端设置缺口有助于辨别极片的头部和尾部，极片在位于电芯内部的一端为头部，极片位于电芯外部的一端为尾部。电芯在使用一段时间后，往往由于寿命衰减需要置换，通过在极片上设置缺口，使得在电芯置换过程中能够避免在电芯置换过程中外力点直接作用在单个极片上，进而减小了电芯在置换过程中的安全风险。
参考图2，根据本申请的实施例，第一极片2还具有沿长度方向与第一端部4相对的第二端部8，其中，第二端部8的边缘形成有第二缺口10。
应当理解，可以在第一极片2的第一端部4或第二端部8设置缺口，用于入料的定位；并且在电芯的置换过程中，能够避免着力点为单独的极片，减少短路风险。另外，第一缺口6或第二缺口10的中心距第一极片2的第一端部4或第二端部8的边缘的距离为第一端部4或第二端部8的宽度的1/3～2/3，第一缺口6或第二缺口10的宽度为第一极片2的第一端部4或第二端部8的宽度的1/7～3/5，第一缺口6或第二缺口10的过大，第一缺口6或第二缺口10的边缘与第一极片2的边缘距离过小，容易掉粉从而造成短路；第一缺口6或第二缺口10的过小，无法有效的避开外力撬开点。此处描述的第一缺口6中心是指第一缺口6向第一极片2凹进的最深处，第二缺口10的中心是指第二缺口10向第一极片2凹进的最深处。第一端部4或第二端部8的宽度是指，沿第一极片2的宽度方向的宽度。
根据本申请的实施例，如图3所示，第一缺口6和第二缺口10沿长度 方向彼此相对设置且二者开口方向相反。所述第一缺口6为轴对称结构，所述第二缺口10也为轴对称结构，所述第一缺口6的对称轴与所述第二缺口10的对称轴相同，也即两个对称轴在一条直线上。
根据本申请的实施例，第一端部4和第二端部8中的一者形成第一极片2的头部，并且另一者形成第一极片2的尾部。
参考图4，根据本申请的实施例，还包括卷绕形成电芯的一部分的第二极片12，其中，沿展开的第二极片12的长度方向，第二极片12具有第三端部14并且第三端部14的边缘形成有第三缺口16。
根据本申请的实施例，第二极片12还具有沿第二极片12的长度方向与第三端部14相对的第四端部，其中，第四端部的边缘形成有第四缺口。
根据以上实施例，可以在第二极片12的第三端部14或第四端部设置缺口，用于入料的定位；并且在电芯的置换过程中，能够避免着力点为单独的极片，减少短路风险。另外，第三缺口16或第四缺口的中心距第二极片12的第三端部14或第四端部的边缘的距离为第三端部14或第四端部的宽度的1/3～2/3，第三缺口16或第四缺口的宽度为第二极片12的第三端部或第四端部的宽度的1/7～3/5，第三缺口16或第四缺口的过大，第三缺口16或第四缺口的边缘与第二极片12的边缘距离过小，容易掉粉从而造成短路；第三缺口16或第四缺口的过小，无法有效的避开外力撬开点。
根据本申请的实施例，第三缺口16和第四缺口沿第二极片的长度方向彼此相对设置且二者开口方向相反。
根据本申请的实施例，第三端部14和第四端部中的一者形成第二极片12的头部，并且另一者形成第二极片12的尾部。
根据本申请的实施例，第一极片2和第二极片12中的一者为阴极极片，并且另一者为阳极极片。在一个实施例中，第一缺口6形成在阳极极片的起始段，并且第三缺口16形成在阴极极片的收尾段。当然应当理解，在其它可选的实施例中也可以采用各种适当的结构。
根据本申请的实施例，还包括卷绕形成电芯的一部分的隔膜，其中，隔膜设置在第一极片2和第二极片12之间。
以下参考图5至图8，示出了本申请电芯的其中一个极片的各个实施 例的示意图。在以下描述中，以第一极片2为阴极极片作为实例来对极片的各种结构进行描述，但是应当理解以下所描述的极片的结构同样适用于阳极极片(例如第二极片12为)，也就是说，以下描述不对本申请构成任何限定。
如图5所示，在该实施例中，阴极极片2的双面均涂覆有阴极活性材料3，并且该阴极极片2包括第一缺口6。具体地，在该实施例中，阴极极片2上具有多个极耳5，极耳5从阴极集流体7的边缘突出，并且阴极活性材料3的顶部突出阴极集流体7的边缘约0～2mm。也就是说，在该实施例中，阴极活性材料3的顶部在阴极极片2的边缘与极耳5的边缘之间。
如图6所示，在该实施例中，阴极极片2的双面均涂覆有阴极活性材料3，并且该阴极极片2包括第一缺口6。具体地，在该实施例中，阴极极片2上具有多个极耳5，极耳5从阴极集流体7的边缘突出，并且阴极活性材料3的顶部突出阴极集流体7的边缘约0～2mm。另外与图5所示实施例不同的是，图6的实施例中还包括绝缘层9，该绝缘层9涂覆在极耳5的位置处并与活性物质3交接。
进一步如图7所示，在该实施例中，阴极极片2的双面均涂覆有阴极活性材料3，并且该阴极极片2包括第一缺口6。具体地，在该实施例中，阴极极片2上具有多个极耳5，极耳5从阴极集流体7的边缘突出。另外，该实施例中还包括绝缘层9。与图6所示实施例不同的是，图7中的绝缘层9沿着活性物质3的涂覆区域的边缘延伸至极耳5的中下部。
如图8所示，在本实施例中，阴极极片2的双面均涂覆有阴极活性材料3，并且该阴极极片2包括第一缺口6。与以上所述实施例不同的是，在图8所示的实施例中包括与集流体7相同长度的极耳5，并且极耳5从阴极集流体7的顶部突出。
应当理解的是，以上所述为以第一极片2作为阴极极片进行的描述，如上所述的所有结构和构造均可以同样地应用在阳极极片上，以上仅是本申请的实施例而已，并不对本申请构成任何限定。
参考图9和图10，根据本申请的以上任一实施例，沿电芯的厚度方向T，在电芯的顶部设置有极耳18。根据本申请的实施例，沿厚度方向T，在 电芯的与顶部相对的底部设置有极耳20。应当理解，极耳可以位于电芯的一侧，也可以位于电芯的两侧。具体地，在如图9所示的实施例中，极耳18、20可以设置在电芯的厚度方向T的顶部；而在如图10所示的实施例中，极耳18可以设置在电芯的顶部，而极耳20可以设置在电芯的底部。当然应当理解，极耳的位置和结构可以根据具体使用情况而定。
在极片的头部或尾部设置缺口，有助于识别极片的头部和尾部，尤其是当电芯的顶部和底部均设有极片时，不容易辨别极片的头部和尾部，设置缺口后能够较容易的分辨出头部和尾部，能够有效的避免入料错误从而导致的极耳错位，进而影响电芯的封装。
参考图11，根据本申请的一个实施例，还提供了另一种可选的结构。图11示出的是根据本申请电芯的一个实施例的俯视图，其中极耳未被切割。具体地，极耳18、20可以设置在电芯的顶部和底部，但是在该实施例中极耳18、20未被切割，从而使得该电芯含有与集流体相同长度极耳的极片。当然应当理解，以上所述仅是本申请的示例性实施例中，在可选的实施例中可以采用如图9和图10所示的结构，也可以采用如图11所示的结构，此外也可以对极耳18进行切割而不对极耳20进行切割，反之亦然。因此，以上所述的各个实施例均不对本申请构成限定。
根据本申请的另一实施例，还提供一种锂离子电池，包括权利要求以上任一实施例所述的电芯、以及封装电芯的包装袋。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种电芯，包括第一极片，其中，沿展开的所述第一极片的长度方向，所述第一极片具有第一端部,且所述第一端部的边缘设置有第一缺口。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电芯，其中，所述第一极片还具有沿所述长度方向与所述第一端部相对的第二端部，其中，所述第二端部的边缘形成有第二缺口。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电芯，其中，所述第一缺口和所述第二缺口沿所述长度方向彼此相对设置且二者开口方向相反。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电芯，其中，所述第一端部位于所述第一极片的头部，并且所述第二端部位于所述第一极片的尾部。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的电芯，其中，所述第一缺口与所述第二缺口的对称轴在一条直线上。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的电芯，其中，所述第一缺口的中心距所述第一端部边缘的距离为所述第一端部宽度的1/3～2/3；所述第二缺口的中心距所述第二端部边缘的距离为所述第二端部宽度的1/3～2/3。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的电芯，其中，所述第一缺口的宽度为所述第一端部的宽度的1/7～3/5；所述第二缺口的宽度为所述第二端部的宽度的1/7～3/5。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电芯，其中，还包括第二极片，其中，沿展开的所述第二极片的长度方向，所述第二极片具有第三端部并且所述第三端部的边缘设置有第三缺口。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电芯，其中，所述第二极片还具有沿所述第二极片的长度方向与所述第三端部相对的第四端部，其中，所述第四端部的边缘形成有第四缺口。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电芯，其中，所述第三缺口和所述第四缺口沿所述第二极片的长度方向彼此相对设置且二者开口方向相反。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的电芯，其中，所述第三端部为所述第二极片的头部，所述第四端部为所述第二极片的尾部。
  12. 根据权利要求9所述的电芯，其中，所述第三缺口的中心距所述第三端部的边缘的距离为所述第三端部的宽度的1/3～2/3；所述第四缺口的中心距所述第四端部的边缘的距离为所述第四端部的宽度的1/3～2/3。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的电芯，其中，所述第三缺口的宽度为所述第三端部的宽度的1/7～3/5；所述第四缺口的宽度为所述第四端部的宽度的1/7～3/5。
  14. 根据权利要求8所述的电芯，其中，所述第一极片和所述第二极片中的一者为阴极极片，并且另一者为阳极极片。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电芯，其中，所述第一缺口形成在所述阳极极片的起始段，并且所述第三缺口形成在所述阴极极片的收尾段。
  16. 根据权利要求1中任一项所述的电芯，其中，所述电芯包含第一极耳，所述第一极耳从沿所述电芯的一侧突出。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电芯，其中，所述电芯还包含第二极耳，所述第二极耳从沿所述电芯的另一侧突出，所述第一极耳的突出方向与所述第二极耳的突出方向相反。
  18. 一种锂离子电池，其特征在于，包括权利要求1至17中任一项所述的电芯、以及封装所述电芯的包装袋。
PCT/CN2018/082717 2018-04-11 2018-04-11 电芯及锂离子电池 WO2019196040A1 (zh)

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