WO2019188558A1 - エネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極及びエネルギー貯蔵デバイス - Google Patents
エネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極及びエネルギー貯蔵デバイス Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019188558A1 WO2019188558A1 PCT/JP2019/011364 JP2019011364W WO2019188558A1 WO 2019188558 A1 WO2019188558 A1 WO 2019188558A1 JP 2019011364 W JP2019011364 W JP 2019011364W WO 2019188558 A1 WO2019188558 A1 WO 2019188558A1
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
- H01G11/32—Carbon-based
- H01G11/36—Nanostructures, e.g. nanofibres, nanotubes or fullerenes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/04—Hybrid capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/26—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features
- H01G11/28—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features arranged or disposed on a current collector; Layers or phases between electrodes and current collectors, e.g. adhesives
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/661—Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/663—Selection of materials containing carbon or carbonaceous materials as conductive part, e.g. graphite, carbon fibres
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/665—Composites
- H01M4/667—Composites in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an electrode for an energy storage device and an energy storage device.
- the undercoat layer is improved in adhesion with the electrode mixture layer and the current collector, and is suppressed from deterioration due to interfacial peeling.
- Conductive carbon materials are solid (powder) and have weak interaction with the current collector and electrode layer. Therefore, in order for the undercoat layer to be in close contact with the current collector or electrode layer, adhesion force other than the conductive carbon material is required. Is required.
- the insulating component is increased, so that the conductivity of the undercoat layer is lowered and the effect of reducing the resistance of the battery is impaired. Therefore, it is expected that the conductive carbon material dispersant itself has high adhesion to the current collector and the electrode mixture layer.
- Patent Document 3 has been reported as an example in which a cationic polymer is used as a dispersant for carbon nanotubes. However, it is necessary to use a diallylamine-based cationic polymer, an anionic surfactant, and a nonionic surfactant in combination. It was. Further, in Patent Document 4, a dispersant having a cationic amine head is used. However, it is a zwitterion, and a second polymer component is necessary to disperse the carbon nanotubes. In these examples, since there are many insulating components, the expression of conductivity expected for the conductive carbon material is hindered. Moreover, since a cationic component and an anionic component are contained in the composition, it is in a neutralized state, and a strong electrostatic interaction with another anionic material cannot be expected.
- JP 2010-170965 A International Publication No. 2014/042080 Japanese Patent No. 5403738 Japanese Patent No. 5328150
- the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electrode for an energy storage device including an undercoat layer that can realize high adhesion to an electrode mixture layer and a current collector.
- the present inventors have found that the above problem can be solved by using a cationic polymer as a dispersant for the conductive carbon material contained in the undercoat layer.
- the present invention has been completed.
- the present invention provides the following electrode for energy storage device and energy storage device.
- a current collector an undercoat layer containing a conductive carbon material and a cationic dispersant formed on at least one surface of the current collector, and an electrode mixture layer formed on the undercoat layer Electrode for energy storage device.
- An electrode for an energy storage device wherein the conductive carbon material includes carbon nanotubes.
- the cationic dispersant is a cationic polymer using dicyandiamide as a monomer, a cationic polymer using diethylenetriamine as a monomer, a cationic polymer using dicyandiamide and diethylenetriamine as monomers, and ethyleneimine as a monomer.
- the electrode for an energy storage device according to 4 wherein the cationic dispersant comprises a cationic polymer using ethyleneimine as a monomer. 6).
- the cationic dispersant comprises a cationic polymer using dicyandiamide as a monomer. 7. 4.
- the electrode for an energy storage device according to 10 wherein the weight per unit area of the undercoat layer per side of the current collector is 300 mg / m 2 or less.
- 12 The electrode for an energy storage device according to any one of 1 to 11, wherein the current collector is a copper foil or an aluminum foil.
- 13 An energy storage device comprising the electrode for an energy storage device according to any one of 1 to 12.
- the electrode for an energy storage device of the present invention has excellent adhesion between the current collector and the electrode mixture layer, and can suppress deterioration of the battery due to interface peeling.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a carbon nanotube having a constricted portion that is preferably used in the present invention.
- An electrode for an energy storage device includes a current collector, an undercoat layer containing a conductive carbon material and a cationic dispersant formed on at least one surface of the current collector, and on the undercoat layer And an electrode mixture layer formed.
- the current collector those conventionally used as current collectors for electrodes for energy storage devices can be used.
- copper, aluminum, titanium, stainless steel, nickel, gold, silver and alloys thereof, carbon materials, metal oxides, conductive polymers, etc. can be used, but welding such as ultrasonic welding is applied.
- a metal foil made of copper, aluminum, titanium, stainless steel, or an alloy thereof it is preferable to use a metal foil made of copper, aluminum, titanium, stainless steel, or an alloy thereof.
- the thickness of the current collector is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 100 ⁇ m in the present invention.
- the undercoat layer includes a conductive carbon material as a conductive material.
- the conductive carbon material can be appropriately selected from known carbon materials such as carbon black, ketjen black, acetylene black, carbon whisker, carbon nanotube (CNT), carbon fiber, natural graphite, and artificial graphite.
- CNTs are generally produced by arc discharge, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), laser ablation, etc., but the CNTs used in the present invention may be obtained by any method. .
- a single-walled CNT in which a single carbon film (graphene sheet) is wound in a cylindrical shape
- DWCNT double-walled CNT
- MWCNT multi-layer CNTs in which a plurality of graphene sheets are concentrically wound.
- SWCNT, DWCNT, and MWCNT can be used alone or in combination.
- a multilayer CNT having a diameter of 2 nm or more is particularly preferable, and from the viewpoint that a thin film can be formed, a multilayer CNT having a diameter of 500 nm or less is particularly preferable, a multilayer CNT having a diameter of 100 nm or less is more preferable, and a multilayer having a diameter of 50 nm or less is preferable. CNT is even more preferable, and multilayer CNT having a diameter of 30 nm or less is most preferable.
- the diameter of CNT can be measured by observing the thin film obtained by drying what disperse
- the CNT it is preferable to use a CNT that is easy to disperse in the dispersion in order to exert an effect of reducing the battery resistance when the dispersion is used as an undercoat layer.
- Such CNTs preferably have many crystal discontinuities that can be easily cut with small energy.
- the CNT used in the present invention preferably has a constricted portion.
- the CNT having a constricted portion is a CNT wall having a constricted portion having a tube outer diameter of 90% or less of the parallel portion and the tube outer diameter of the parallel portion. Since this constricted part is a part created by changing the growth direction of CNTs, it has a discontinuous crystal part and becomes an easily breakable part that can be easily cut with a small mechanical energy.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a CNT having a parallel portion 1 and a constricted portion 3.
- the parallel portion 1 is a portion where the wall can be recognized as two parallel straight lines or two parallel curves.
- the distance between the outer walls of the parallel line in the normal direction is the tube outer diameter 2 of the parallel part 1.
- the constricted portion 3 is a portion where both ends thereof are connected to the parallel portion 1 and the distance between the walls is closer than that of the parallel portion 1. More specifically, the constricted portion 3 has a tube outer diameter 2 of the parallel portion 1.
- it is a portion having a tube outer diameter 4 of 90% or less.
- the tube outer diameter 4 of the constricted portion 3 is the distance between the outer walls of the constricted portion 3 where the wall constituting the outer wall is closest.
- many of the constricted portions 3 have portions where crystals are discontinuous.
- the shape of the CNT wall and the outer diameter of the tube can be observed with a transmission electron microscope or the like. Specifically, it is possible to prepare a 0.5% dispersion of CNT, dry the dispersion on a sample stage, and confirm the constricted portion by an image taken at 50,000 times with a transmission electron microscope. it can.
- CNTs For the CNTs, a 0.1% dispersion of CNTs was prepared, the dispersion was placed on a sample stage and dried, and an image taken at 20,000 times with a transmission electron microscope was divided into 100 nm square sections. When 300 sections with CNT occupying 10% to 80% in all four sections are selected, the total number of easily breakable portions depends on the ratio of the section with at least one constricted portion in one section to 300 sections. The ratio (the ratio of the presence of easily breakable parts) is determined. When the area occupied by CNTs in the compartment is less than 10%, measurement is difficult because the amount of CNTs is too small.
- the proportion of easily breakable portions is 60% or more.
- the proportion of easily breakable portions is less than 60%, CNT is difficult to disperse, and when excessive mechanical energy is applied to disperse, it leads to the destruction of the crystal structure of the graphite surface, which is a characteristic of CNT. Characteristics such as electrical conductivity are reduced.
- the presence ratio of easily breakable portions is preferably 70% or more.
- CNTs usable in the present invention include TC-2010, TC-2020, TC-, which are CNTs having a constricted structure disclosed in International Publication Nos. 2016/076393 and JP-A-2017-206413.
- TC series such as 3210L and TC-1210LN (manufactured by Toda Kogyo Co., Ltd.), spar-growth CNT (manufactured by National Research and Development Corporation, Shinshin Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization), eDIPS-CNT (national research and development corporation, Shinshin Energy and Industry) SWNT series (product name: Meijo Nanocarbon Co., Ltd .: product name), VGCF series (product name: Showa Denko KK: product name), FloTube series (product name: CNano Technology), AMC ( Ube Industries, Ltd.
- GTH manufactured by Arkema: trade name
- MWNT7 manufactured by Hodogaya Chemical Co., Ltd .: trade name
- Hyperion CNT manufactured by Hypeprion Catalysis International: trade name
- the undercoat layer contains a cationic dispersant as a dispersant for the conductive carbon material.
- the cationic dispersant can be appropriately selected from known cationic polymers, but preferably has no anionic functional group.
- “having no anionic functional group” means that the molecule does not have an anionic functional group, that is, cannot have a zwitterionic structure.
- Embodiments of salts with counter anions are included.
- a cationic dispersant in particular, a cationic polymer synthesized by using dicyandiamide as a monomer, a cationic polymer synthesized by using diethylenetriamine as a monomer, and dicyandiamide, which are superior in dispersibility of a carbon material.
- a cationic polymer synthesized using diethylenetriamine as a monomer and those containing one or more selected from cationic polymers synthesized using ethyleneimine as a monomer are preferable.
- dicyandiamide and diethylenetriamine are monomers.
- the polymer contains one or more selected from cationic polymers synthesized using as a monomer and cationic polymers synthesized using ethyleneimine as a monomer.
- Amides - diethylenetriamine condensate and those containing one or more kinds of ethylene imine selected from polyethyleneimine cationic polymer synthesized by using as a monomer is more preferable.
- the cationic polymer may be a copolymer using a monomer component other than the monomer components.
- cationic polymers may be those synthesized by a known method or commercially available products.
- commercially available products include SENKA Co., Ltd. Unisense series, Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. Epomin (registered trademark) (polyethyleneimine) SP-003, SP-006, SP-012, SP-018, SP-020, P-1000, Polyment (registered trademark) (aminoethylated acrylic polymer) NK-100PM, NM-200PM, NK-350, NK-380, and the like.
- unisense series unisense KHP10P (dicyandiamide-diethylenetriamine condensate hydrochloride) can be preferably used.
- the undercoat layer is preferably produced using an undercoat composition containing the above-described conductive carbon material, a cationic dispersant, and a solvent.
- the solvent is not particularly limited as long as it is conventionally used for the preparation of a conductive composition.
- ethers such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), diethyl ether, 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME); Halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform, 1,2-dichloroethane; N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), etc.
- ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexanone
- alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, tert-butanol; n-heptane, n-hexane, cyclohexane, etc.
- Aliphatic hydrocarbons such as ruene, xylene and ethylbenzene
- Aromatic hydrocarbons such as ruene, xylene and ethylbenzene
- glycol ethers such as ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and propylene glycol monomethyl ether
- organic solvents such as glycols such as ethylene glycol and propylene glycol . These solvent can be used individually by 1 type or in mixture of 2 or more types.
- water, NMP, DMF, THF, methanol, ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, n-butanol, and tert-butanol are preferable because the ratio of isolated dispersion of CNT can be improved.
- water is included from the point that cost can be reduced.
- These solvents can be used singly or in combination of two or more for the purpose of increasing the ratio of isolated dispersion, increasing the coatability, and reducing the cost.
- the undercoat composition may contain a matrix polymer as necessary.
- the matrix polymer preferably has no anionic functional group.
- examples of the matrix polymer include polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer (P (TFE-HFP)), and vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer.
- Fluorine resins such as polymer (P (VDF-HFP)), vinylidene fluoride-trichloroethylene copolymer (P (VDF-CTFE)); polyvinylpyrrolidone, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer, Polyolefin resins such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), EEA (ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer); polystyrene (PS), high impact polystyrene (HIPS), Acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer (A ), Polystyrene resins such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer (MS), styrene-butadiene rubber; polycarbonate resin; vinyl chloride resin; polyamide resin; polyimide resin; (Met
- the matrix polymer can also be obtained as a commercially available product.
- commercially available products include Metroze (registered trademark) SH series (hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), Metroze SE series (hydroxyl).
- JC-25 completely saponified polyvinyl alcohol, manufactured by Nippon Vinegar Pover Co., Ltd.
- JM-17 intermediate saponified polyvinyl alcohol
- JP-03 partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol, manufactured by Nihon Vinegar & Poval Co., Ltd.
- the content of the matrix polymer is not particularly limited, but is preferably about 0.0001 to 99% by mass, more preferably about 0.001 to 90% by mass in the composition.
- the mixing ratio of the conductive carbon material such as CNT and the cationic dispersant is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, about 1,000: 1 to 1: 100 in terms of mass ratio.
- the concentration of the dispersant in the composition is not particularly limited as long as it is a concentration capable of dispersing a conductive carbon material such as CNT in a solvent, but is preferably about 0.001 to 30% by mass in the composition. About 0.002 to 20% by mass is more preferable.
- the concentration of the conductive carbon material such as CNT in the composition varies in the basis weight of the target conductive thin film (undercoat layer) and the required mechanical, electrical, and thermal characteristics. Further, when CNT is used, it is optional as long as at least a part thereof can be isolated and dispersed, but is preferably about 0.0001 to 30% by mass in the composition, preferably 0.001 to 20% by mass. %, More preferably about 0.001 to 10% by mass.
- the undercoat composition may contain a crosslinking agent.
- the crosslinking agent preferably does not contain an anionic functional group, and is preferably dissolved in the solvent used.
- crosslinking agent examples include ketones that can react with amino groups, alkyl halides, acryloyls, epoxy compounds, cyanamides, ureas, acids, acid anhydrides, acyl halides, thioisocyanate groups, isocyanate groups, Compounds having functional groups such as aldehyde groups, hydroxy groups that react with the same crosslinkable functional groups (dehydration condensation), mercapto groups (disulfide bonds), ester groups (Claisen condensation), silanol groups (dehydration condensation) , Compounds having a vinyl group, an acrylic group, and the like.
- Specific examples of the crosslinking agent include polyfunctional acrylates, tetraalkoxysilanes, monomers or polymers having a blocked isocyanate group that exhibit crosslinking reactivity in the presence of an acid catalyst.
- Such a cross-linking agent can also be obtained as a commercial product.
- Commercially available products include, for example, polyfunctional acrylates such as A-9300 (ethoxylated isocyanuric acid triacrylate, Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.), A-GLY-9E (Ethoxylated glycerine triacrylate (EO 9 mol), Shin-Nakamura Chemical Kogyo Co., Ltd.), A-TMMT (pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.), etc., and tetraalkoxysilanes include tetramethoxysilane (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), tetraethoxy Silane (manufactured by Toyoko Chemical Co., Ltd.) and the like, and polymers having a blocked isocyanate group include Elastron (registered trademark) series E-37, H-3, H38, BAP, NEW BAP-15,
- the amount of the crosslinking agent added varies depending on the solvent used, the substrate used, the required viscosity, the required membrane shape, etc., but is preferably 0.001 to 80% by mass with respect to the cationic dispersant. 0.01 to 50% by mass is more preferable, and 0.05 to 40% by mass is even more preferable.
- the method for preparing the undercoat composition is not particularly limited.
- the undercoat composition may be prepared by mixing a conductive carbon material and a solvent, and a dispersant, a matrix polymer, and a crosslinking agent used as necessary in any order. Can do.
- this treatment can further improve the dispersion ratio of the conductive carbon material.
- the dispersion treatment include mechanical treatment, wet treatment using a ball mill, bead mill, jet mill, or the like, and ultrasonic treatment using a bath type or probe type sonicator. Of these, wet processing and ultrasonic processing using a jet mill are preferred.
- the time for the dispersion treatment is arbitrary, but is preferably about 1 minute to 10 hours, more preferably about 5 minutes to 5 hours. At this time, heat treatment may be performed as necessary.
- a crosslinking agent and / or matrix polymer you may add these, after preparing the mixture which consists of a dispersing agent, a conductive carbon material, and a solvent.
- the undercoat composition may be applied to at least one surface of the current collector, and this may be naturally or heat dried to form an undercoat layer to produce an undercoat foil (composite current collector).
- the thickness of the undercoat layer is preferably from 1 nm to 10 ⁇ m, more preferably from 1 nm to 1 ⁇ m, and even more preferably from 1 to 500 nm in consideration of reducing the internal resistance of the resulting device.
- the thickness of the undercoat layer is, for example, by cutting out a test piece of an appropriate size from the undercoat foil, exposing the cross section by a method such as tearing it by hand, and by microscopic observation such as a scanning electron microscope (SEM), It can obtain
- Basis weight of the undercoat layer per one surface of the current collector is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the thickness is preferably 1,000 mg / m 2 or less, more preferably 500mg / m 2, 300mg / m 2 or less Is even more preferable.
- the basis weight of the undercoat layer per side of the current collector is preferably 1 mg / m 2 or more, more preferably 5 mg / m 2. m 2 or more, more preferably 10 mg / m 2 or more, and further preferably 15 mg / m 2 or more.
- the basis weight of the undercoat layer in the present invention is a ratio of the mass (mg) of the undercoat layer to the area (m 2 ) of the undercoat layer.
- the area is The area of only the undercoat layer does not include the area of the current collector exposed between the undercoat layers formed in a pattern.
- the mass of the undercoat layer for example, a test piece of an appropriate size was cut out from the undercoat foil, and its mass W 0 was measured. Thereafter, the undercoat layer was peeled off from the undercoat foil, and the undercoat layer was peeled off. The subsequent mass W 1 is measured and calculated from the difference (W 0 -W 1 ), or the mass W 2 of the current collector is measured in advance, and then the mass of the undercoat foil on which the undercoat layer is formed W 3 can be measured and calculated from the difference (W 3 ⁇ W 2 ).
- Examples of the method of peeling the undercoat layer include a method of immersing the undercoat layer in a solvent in which the undercoat layer dissolves or swells, and wiping the undercoat layer with a cloth or the like.
- the basis weight can be adjusted by a known method. For example, when forming an undercoat layer by coating, the solid content concentration of the coating liquid (undercoat composition) for forming the undercoat layer, the number of coatings, the clearance of the coating liquid inlet of the coating machine, etc. It can be adjusted by changing. To increase the weight per unit area, increase the solid content concentration, increase the number of coatings, or increase the clearance. When it is desired to reduce the basis weight, the solid content concentration is decreased, the number of coatings is decreased, or the clearance is decreased.
- a coating method of the undercoat composition for example, spin coating method, dip coating method, flow coating method, inkjet method, casting method, spray coating method, bar coating method, gravure coating method, slit coating method, roll coating method,
- a coating method of the undercoat composition for example, spin coating method, dip coating method, flow coating method, inkjet method, casting method, spray coating method, bar coating method, gravure coating method, slit coating method, roll coating method
- Examples include a flexographic printing method, a transfer printing method, a brush coating method, a blade coating method, and an air knife coating method.
- the inkjet method, casting method, dip coating method, bar coating method, blade coating method, roll coating method, gravure coating method, flexographic printing method, and spray coating method are preferable from the viewpoint of work efficiency and the like.
- the temperature for heating and drying is arbitrary, but is preferably about 50 to 200 ° C, more preferably about 80 to 150 ° C.
- the electrode mixture layer can be formed by applying an electrode slurry containing an active material, a binder polymer and, if necessary, a solvent on the undercoat layer and naturally or by heating and drying.
- the active material various active materials conventionally used for electrodes for energy storage devices can be used.
- a chalcogen compound capable of adsorbing / leaving lithium ions or a lithium ion-containing chalcogen compound, a polyanion compound, a simple substance of sulfur and a compound thereof may be used as a positive electrode active material. it can.
- Examples of the chalcogen compound that can adsorb and desorb lithium ions include FeS 2 , TiS 2 , MoS 2 , V 2 O 6 , V 6 O 13 , and MnO 2 .
- lithium ion-containing chalcogen compound examples include LiCoO 2 , LiMnO 2 , LiMn 2 O 4 , LiMo 2 O 4 , LiV 3 O 8 , LiNiO 2 , Li x Ni y M 1-y O 2 (where M is Co , Mn, Ti, Cr, V, Al, Sn, Pb, and Zn, at least one metal element selected from 0.05 ⁇ x ⁇ 1.10, 0.5 ⁇ y ⁇ 1.0) Etc.
- Examples of the polyanionic compound include lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ).
- Examples of the sulfur compound include Li 2 S and rubeanic acid.
- the negative electrode active material constituting the negative electrode at least one element selected from alkali metals, alkali alloys, and elements of Groups 4 to 15 of the periodic table that occlude / release lithium ions, oxides, sulfides, nitrides Or a carbon material capable of reversibly occluding and releasing lithium ions can be used.
- alkali metal examples include Li, Na, K, and the like
- alkali metal alloy examples include Li—Al, Li—Mg, Li—Al—Ni, Na—Hg, Na—Zn, and the like.
- Examples of the simple substance of at least one element selected from Group 4 to 15 elements of the periodic table that store and release lithium ions include silicon, tin, aluminum, zinc, and arsenic.
- examples of the oxide include tin silicon oxide (SnSiO 3 ), lithium bismuth oxide (Li 3 BiO 4 ), lithium zinc oxide (Li 2 ZnO 2 ), lithium titanium oxide (Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 ), and oxidation.
- examples include titanium.
- examples of the sulfide include lithium iron sulfide (Li x FeS 2 (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 3)) and lithium copper sulfide (Li x CuS (0 ⁇ x ⁇ 3)).
- Examples of the carbon material capable of reversibly occluding and releasing lithium ions include graphite, carbon black, coke, glassy carbon, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, and a sintered body thereof.
- a carbonaceous material can be used as an active material.
- the carbonaceous material include activated carbon and the like, for example, activated carbon obtained by carbonizing a phenol resin and then activating treatment.
- the binder polymer can be appropriately selected from known materials and used, for example, having a fluorine atom such as PVDF, PTFE, P (TFE-HFP), P (VDF-HFP), P (VDF-CTFE), etc.
- Polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, polyimide, polyamideimide, ethylene-propylene-diene terpolymer, styrene-butadiene rubber, CMC, polyacrylic acid (PAA), polyacrylic acid organic and metal salts, polyamic acid
- PAA polyacrylic acid organic and metal salts
- polyamic acid examples thereof include polymers having an anionic functional group such as conductive polymers such as polyaniline.
- a polymer having a fluorine atom or a polymer having an anionic functional group is preferable because of excellent adhesion between the current collector and the electrode mixture layer.
- the addition amount of the binder polymer is preferably 0.1 to 20 parts by mass, particularly 1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the active material.
- the solvent examples include the solvents exemplified in the undercoat composition, and may be appropriately selected according to the type of the binder, but NMP is preferable in the case of a water-insoluble binder such as PVDF. In the case of a water-soluble binder such as PAA, water is preferred.
- the electrode slurry may contain a conductive material.
- the conductive material include carbon black, CNT, ketjen black, acetylene black, carbon whisker, carbon fiber, natural graphite, artificial graphite, titanium oxide, ruthenium oxide, aluminum, nickel, and the like.
- the temperature for drying by heating is arbitrary, but is preferably about 50 to 400 ° C, more preferably about 80 to 150 ° C.
- the formation part of the electrode mixture layer may be appropriately set according to the cell form of the device to be used, and may be all or part of the surface of the undercoat layer.
- an electrode mixture layer may be formed by applying electrode slurry to a part of the surface of the undercoat layer in order to leave a weld. preferable.
- the thickness of the electrode mixture layer is preferably 10 to 500 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 300 ⁇ m, and even more preferably 20 to 100 ⁇ m in consideration of the balance between the capacity and resistance of the battery.
- the electrode mixture layer preferably contains a compound having an anionic functional group.
- the binder polymer may have an anionic functional group
- the conductive material may have an anionic functional group.
- the binder polymer having an anionic functional group is as described above.
- the conductive material having an anionic functional group was synthesized in an atmosphere containing oxygen, and the acidic functional group was introduced to the surface by chemical oxidation treatment, thermal oxidation treatment, etc. And those obtained by complexing with an anionic surfactant and an anionic dispersant.
- the electrode may be pressed as necessary.
- the press pressure is preferably 1 kN / cm or more.
- the pressing method a generally adopted method can be used, but a die pressing method and a roll pressing method are particularly preferable.
- the pressing pressure is not particularly limited, but is preferably 2 kN / cm or more, and more preferably 3 kN / cm or more.
- the upper limit of the pressing pressure is preferably about 40 kN / cm, more preferably about 30 kN / cm.
- the energy storage device of the present invention includes the above-described electrode for energy storage device, and more specifically, includes at least a pair of positive and negative electrodes, a separator interposed between these electrodes, and an electrolyte. And at least one of the positive and negative electrodes is composed of the above-described electrode for an energy storage device.
- Examples of the energy storage device of the present invention include various energy storage devices such as a lithium ion secondary battery, a hybrid capacitor, a lithium secondary battery, a nickel hydride battery, and a lead storage battery.
- this energy storage device is characterized by the use of the above-mentioned electrode for energy storage device as an electrode, other device constituent members such as separators and electrolytes may be appropriately selected from known materials and used. it can.
- the separator examples include a cellulose separator and a polyolefin separator.
- the electrolyte may be either liquid or solid, and may be either aqueous or non-aqueous.
- the electrode for an energy storage device of the present invention is practically sufficient even when applied to a device using a non-aqueous electrolyte. Performance can be demonstrated.
- non-aqueous electrolyte examples include a non-aqueous electrolyte obtained by dissolving an electrolyte salt in a non-aqueous organic solvent.
- electrolyte salts include lithium salts such as lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium perchlorate, and lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate; tetramethylammonium hexafluorophosphate, tetraethylammonium hexafluorophosphate, tetrapropylammonium Quaternary ammonium salts such as hexafluorophosphate, methyltriethylammonium hexafluorophosphate, tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate, tetraethylammonium perchlorate, lithium imides such as lithium bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide, lithium bis (fluo
- non-aqueous organic solvent examples include alkylene carbonates such as propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, and butylene carbonate; dialkyl carbonates such as dimethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, and diethyl carbonate; nitriles such as acetonitrile; and amides such as dimethylformamide. .
- the form of the energy storage device is not particularly limited, and it is possible to adopt various types of cells known in the art such as a cylindrical type, a flat wound rectangular type, a laminated square type, a coin type, a flat wound laminated type, and a laminated laminated type. it can.
- the above-described electrode for an energy storage device of the present invention may be used by punching it into a predetermined disk shape.
- a predetermined number of lithium foils punched into a predetermined shape are placed on a lid to which a coin cell washer and spacer are welded, and a separator of the same shape impregnated with an electrolyte is stacked thereon.
- the electrode for energy storage device of the present invention can be overlapped with the electrode mixture layer facing down, and a case and a gasket can be placed thereon, and sealed with a coin cell caulking machine.
- the electrode coating layer is formed on the entire surface of the undercoat layer or on the entire surface, and the portion where the undercoat layer is formed and the electrode mixture layer is not formed (welding).
- the electrode structure obtained by welding with the metal tab in (Part) may be used.
- one or a plurality of electrodes constituting the electrode structure may be used, but generally a plurality of positive and negative electrodes are used.
- the plurality of electrodes for forming the positive electrode are preferably alternately stacked one by one with the plurality of electrodes for forming the negative electrode, and in this case, the separator described above is interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. It is preferable.
- the basis weight of the undercoat layer per surface of the current collector is preferably 100 mg / m 2 or less, more preferably Is 90 mg / m 2 or less, more preferably less than 50 mg / m 2 .
- the metal tab is welded at the welded portion of the outermost electrode of the plurality of electrodes, the metal tab is welded with the metal tab sandwiched between the welded portions of any two adjacent electrodes among the plurality of electrodes. Also good.
- the material of the metal tab is not particularly limited as long as it is generally used for energy storage devices. For example, metal such as nickel, aluminum, titanium, copper, etc .; stainless steel, nickel alloy, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy And alloys such as copper alloys. Among these, in consideration of welding efficiency, those including at least one metal selected from aluminum, copper and nickel are preferable.
- the shape of the metal tab is preferably a foil shape, and the thickness is preferably about 0.05 to 1 mm.
- a known method used for metal-to-metal welding can be used. Specific examples thereof include TIG welding, spot welding, laser welding, ultrasonic welding, and the like. It is preferable to join the metal tab.
- a method of ultrasonic welding for example, a method in which a plurality of electrodes are arranged between an anvil and a horn, a metal tab is arranged in a welded portion and ultrasonic welding is applied, and electrodes are bonded together. Examples include a method of welding first and then welding a metal tab.
- the metal tab and the electrode are welded at the welded portion, but also a plurality of electrodes are ultrasonically welded to each other.
- the pressure, frequency, output, processing time, and the like during welding are not particularly limited, and may be set as appropriate in consideration of the material used, the basis weight of the undercoat layer, and the like.
- the electrode structure produced as described above is accommodated in a laminate pack, and after injecting the above-described electrolyte solution, heat sealing is performed to obtain a laminate cell.
- Thin-film swivel type high-speed mixer Primics Co., Ltd., Filmics 40 type ⁇ Rotation / revolution mixer: Sinky Co., Ltd., Aritori Neritaro (ARE-310) ⁇ Roll press equipment: Takumi Giken, SA-602 ⁇ Charge / discharge measurement device: TOSCAT-3100, manufactured by Toyo System Co., Ltd. -Adhesion / film peeling analyzer: VERSATILE PEEL ANALYZER VPA-3, manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.
- Undercoat composition B which is a uniform CNT dispersion, was prepared in the same manner as in Preparation Example 1, except that Denka Black (manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was used as the conductive carbon material.
- Preparation Example 3 A cationic polymer, UNISENS KHP10P (Senka Co., Ltd., solid concentration: 99% by mass, monomer composition: dicyandiamide / diethylenetriamine) of 1.25 g was used as a dispersant, and the addition amount of pure water was changed to 47.5 g. Prepared an undercoat composition C, which was a uniform CNT dispersion, in the same manner as in Preparation Example 1.
- Undercoat composition E which is a uniform CNT dispersion, was prepared in the same manner as in Comparative Preparation Example 1 except that Denka Black (manufactured by Denki Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was used as the conductive carbon material.
- undercoat foil A is uniformly spread on a copper foil (thickness 15 ⁇ m) as a current collector with a wire bar coater (OSP-3, wet film thickness 3 ⁇ m), and then dried at 110 ° C. for 20 minutes to form an undercoat layer.
- the undercoat foil A was formed. As a result of measuring the weight per unit area, it was 133 mg / m 2 .
- Undercoat foil B was produced in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that undercoat composition B was used instead of undercoat composition A. As a result of measuring the weight per unit area, it was 156 mg / m 2 .
- Undercoat foil C was produced in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that undercoat composition C was used instead of undercoat composition A. As a result of measuring the basis weight, it was 145 mg / m 2 .
- Undercoat foil D was produced in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that undercoat composition D was used instead of undercoat composition A. As a result of measuring the basis weight, it was 141 mg / m 2 .
- Undercoat foil E was produced in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that undercoat composition E was used instead of undercoat composition A. As a result of measuring the basis weight, it was 136 mg / m 2 .
- Undercoat foil F was produced in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that undercoat composition F was used instead of undercoat composition A. As a result of measuring the basis weight, it was 129 mg / m 2 .
- Undercoat foil G was produced in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that undercoat composition G was used instead of undercoat composition A. As a result of measuring the weight per unit area, it was 97 mg / m 2 .
- Undercoat foil H was produced in the same manner as in Production Example 1 except that undercoat composition H was used instead of undercoat composition A. As a result of measuring the basis weight, it was 86 mg / m 2 .
- Example 1 Production of electrode [Example 1] 16.37 g of silicon-carbon composite material (SiC, made by ITRI) as an active material, 11.23 g of an aqueous solution (14.9 mass%) of LA-132 (made by Union Chemical Ind. Co) as a binder having an anionic functional group, a conductive material Super-P (Timcal Graphite and Carbon Co., Ltd.) (0.19 g) and VGCF (Showa Denko Co., Ltd.) (0.37 g) and water (31.84 g) were mixed with a homodisper at 3,000 rpm for 5 minutes. did.
- SiC silicon-carbon composite material
- LA-132 made by Union Chemical Ind. Co
- LA-132 made by Union Chemical Ind. Co
- VGCF Showa Denko Co., Ltd.
- the obtained electrode slurry was spread uniformly on the undercoat foil A (wet film thickness 75 ⁇ m), then dried at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes, then at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes to form an electrode mixture layer on the undercoat layer. Further, the electrode A was produced by pressing and pressing with a roll press machine at a pressing pressure of 2 kN / cm.
- Example 2 An electrode B was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the undercoat foil B was used instead of the undercoat foil A.
- Example 3 An electrode C was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the undercoat foil C was used instead of the undercoat foil A.
- Example 6 An electrode I was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a solid aluminum foil was used instead of the undercoat foil A.
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Abstract
Description
1.集電体と、該集電体の少なくとも一方の面に形成された導電性炭素材料及びカチオン性分散剤を含むアンダーコート層と、該アンダーコート層上に形成された電極合材層とを備えるエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
2.前記導電性炭素材料が、カーボンナノチューブを含む1のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
3.前記電極合材層が、アニオン性官能基を有する化合物を含む1又は2のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
4.前記カチオン性分散剤が、ジシアンジアミドをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマー、ジエチレントリアミンをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマー、ジシアンジアミド及びジエチレントリアミンをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマー、並びにエチレンイミンをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマーから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む1~3のいずれかのエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
5.前記カチオン性分散剤が、エチレンイミンをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマーを含む4のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
6.前記カチオン性分散剤が、ジシアンジアミドをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマーを含む4のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
7.前記カチオン性分散剤が、ジエチレントリアミンをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマーを含む4のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
8.前記カチオン性分散剤が、ジシアンジアミド及びジエチレントリアミンをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマーを含む4のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
9.集電体の一面あたりのアンダーコート層の目付量が、1,000mg/m2以下である1~8のいずれかのエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
10.集電体の一面あたりのアンダーコート層の目付量が、500mg/m2以下である9のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
11.集電体の一面あたりのアンダーコート層の目付量が、300mg/m2以下である10のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
12.前記集電体が、銅箔又はアルミニウム箔である1~11のいずれかのエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
13.1~12のいずれかのエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極を備えるエネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
本発明のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極は、集電体と、該集電体の少なくとも一方の面に形成された導電性炭素材料及びカチオン性分散剤を含むアンダーコート層と、該アンダーコート層上に形成された電極合材層とを備えるものである。
前記集電体は、従来、エネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極の集電体として用いられているものを使用することができる。例えば、銅、アルミニウム、チタン、ステンレススチール、ニッケル、金、銀及びこれらの合金や、カーボン材料、金属酸化物、導電性高分子等を用いることができるが、超音波溶接等の溶接を適用して電極構造体を作製する場合、銅、アルミニウム、チタン、ステンレススチール又はこれらの合金からなる金属箔を用いることが好ましい。集電体の厚みは特に限定されないが、本発明においては、1~100μmが好ましい。
前記アンダーコート層は、導電材として導電性炭素材料を含む。前記導電性炭素材料としては、カーボンブラック、ケッチェンブラック、アセチレンブラック、カーボンウイスカー、カーボンナノチューブ(CNT)、炭素繊維、天然黒鉛、人造黒鉛等の公知の炭素材料から適宜選択して用いることができるが、本発明では、特に、カーボンブラック及び/又はCNTを含む導電性炭素材料を用いることが好ましく、カーボンブラック単独又はCNT単独の導電性炭素材料を用いることがより好ましい。
前記電極合材層は、活物質、バインダーポリマー及び必要に応じて溶媒を含む電極スラリーを、アンダーコート層上に塗布し、自然又は加熱乾燥して形成することができる。
本発明のエネルギー貯蔵デバイスは、前述したエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極を備えたものであり、より具体的には、少なくとも一対の正負極と、これら各極間に介在するセパレータと、電解質とを備えて構成され、正負極の少なくとも一方が、前述したエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極から構成される。
・プローブ型超音波照射装置:Hielscher Ultrasonics社製、UIP1000
・ワイヤーバーコーター:(株)エスエムテー製、PM-9050MC
・ホモディスパー:プライミクス(株)製、T.K.ロボミックス(ホモディスパー2.5型(φ32)付き)
・薄膜旋回型高速ミキサー:プライミクス(株)製、フィルミクス40型
・自転・公転ミキサー:(株)シンキー製、あわとり練太郎(ARE-310)
・ロールプレス装置:(有)タクミ技研、SA-602
・充放電測定装置:東洋システム(株)製、TOSCAT-3100
・粘着・皮膜剥離解析装置:協和界面科学(株)製、VERSATILE PEEL ANALYZER VPA-3
[調製例1]
分散剤としてカチオン性ポリマーであるエポミンP-1000(日本触媒(株)製、固形分濃度:30質量%、モノマー組成:エチレンイミン)4.19gと、純水44.56gとを混合し、更にそこへ導電性炭素材料であるCNT(戸田工業(株)製、TC-2010)1.25gを混合した。得られた混合物に対して、プローブ型超音波照射装置を用いて、500Wで10分間超音波処理を施し、均一なCNT分散液であるアンダーコート組成物Aを調製した。
導電性炭素材料としてデンカブラック(電気化学工業(株)製)を用いた以外は、調製例1と同様の方法で、均一なCNT分散液であるアンダーコート組成物Bを調製した。
分散剤としてカチオン性ポリマーであるユニセンスKHP10P(センカ(株)製、固形分濃度:99質量%、モノマー組成:ジシアンジアミド/ジエチレントリアミン)1.25gを用い、純水の添加量を47.5gとした以外は、調製例1と同様の方法で、均一なCNT分散液であるアンダーコート組成物Cを調製した。
分散剤としてオキサゾリンポリマーを含む水溶液であるエポクロスWS-700((株)日本触媒製、固形分濃度25質量%)5.0gを用い、純水の添加量を43.75gとした以外は、調製例1と同様の方法で、均一なCNT分散液であるアンダーコート組成物Dを調製した。
導電性炭素材料としてデンカブラック(電気化学工業(株)製)を用いた以外は、比較調製例1と同様の方法で、均一なCNT分散液であるアンダーコート組成物Eを調製した。
分散剤としてオキサゾリンポリマーを含む水溶液であるエポクロスWS-300((株)日本触媒製、固形分濃度10質量%)12.5gを用い、純水の添加量を36.25gとした以外は、調製例1と同様の方法で、均一なCNT分散液であるアンダーコート組成物Fを調製した。
分散剤として中性ポリマーであるポリビニルアルコール(日本酢ビ・ポバール(株)製JF-17、固形分濃度:98.5質量%)1.25gを用い、純水の添加量を47.5gとした以外は、調製例1と同様の方法で、均一なCNT分散液であるアンダーコート組成物Gを調製した。
分散剤として中性ポリマーであるポリビニルアルコール(日本酢ビ・ポバール(株)製JN-18、固形分濃度:98.5質量%)1.25gを用い、純水の添加量を47.5gとした以外は、調製例1と同様の方法で、均一なCNT分散液であるアンダーコート組成物Hを調製した。
[製造例1]
アンダーコート組成物Aを、集電体である銅箔(厚み15μm)にワイヤーバーコーター(OSP-3、ウェット膜厚3μm)で均一に展開後、110℃で20分乾燥してアンダーコート層を形成し、アンダーコート箔Aを作製した。目付量を測定した結果、133mg/m2であった。
アンダーコート組成物Aのかわりにアンダーコート組成物Bを用いた以外は、製造例1と同様の方法で、アンダーコート箔Bを作製した。目付量を測定した結果、156mg/m2であった。
アンダーコート組成物Aのかわりにアンダーコート組成物Cを用いた以外は、製造例1と同様の方法で、アンダーコート箔Cを作製した。目付量を測定した結果、145mg/m2であった。
アンダーコート組成物Aのかわりにアンダーコート組成物Dを用いた以外は、製造例1と同様の方法で、アンダーコート箔Dを作製した。目付量を測定した結果、141mg/m2であった。
アンダーコート組成物Aのかわりにアンダーコート組成物Eを用いた以外は、製造例1と同様の方法で、アンダーコート箔Eを作製した。目付量を測定した結果、136mg/m2であった。
アンダーコート組成物Aのかわりにアンダーコート組成物Fを用いた以外は、製造例1と同様の方法で、アンダーコート箔Fを作製した。目付量を測定した結果、129mg/m2であった。
アンダーコート組成物Aのかわりにアンダーコート組成物Gを用いた以外は、製造例1と同様の方法で、アンダーコート箔Gを作製した。目付量を測定した結果、97mg/m2であった。
アンダーコート組成物Aのかわりにアンダーコート組成物Hを用いた以外は、製造例1と同様の方法で、アンダーコート箔Hを作製した。目付量を測定した結果、86mg/m2であった。
[実施例1]
活物質としてシリコン-炭素複合材料(SiC、ITRI製)16.37g、アニオン性官能基を有するバインダーとしてLA-132(Union Chemical Ind. Co製)の水溶液(14.9質量%)11.23g、導電材としてsuper-P(ティムカル・グラファイト・アンド・カーボン社製)0.19g及びVGCF(昭和電工(株)製)0.37g、並びに水31.84gを、ホモディスパーにて3,000rpmで5分間混合した。次いで、薄膜旋回型高速ミキサーを用いて周速20m/秒で60秒の混合処理をし、更に自転・公転ミキサーにて1,000rpmで2分脱泡することで、電極スラリー(固形分濃度31質量%、SiC:LA-132:super-P:VGCF=88:9:1:2(質量比))を作製した。得られた電極スラリーを、アンダーコート箔Aに均一(ウェット膜厚75μm)に展開後、80℃で30分、次いで120℃で30分乾燥してアンダーコート層上に電極合材層を形成し、更にロールプレス機で2kN/cmのプレス圧力でプレスして圧着させ、電極Aを作製した。
アンダーコート箔Aのかわりにアンダーコート箔Bを用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で、電極Bを作製した。
アンダーコート箔Aのかわりにアンダーコート箔Cを用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で、電極Cを作製した。
アンダーコート箔Aのかわりにアンダーコート箔Dを用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で、電極Dを作製した。
アンダーコート箔Aのかわりにアンダーコート箔Eを用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で、電極Eを作製した。
アンダーコート箔Aのかわりにアンダーコート箔Fを用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で、電極Fを作製した。
アンダーコート箔Aのかわりにアンダーコート箔Gを用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で、電極Gを作製した。
アンダーコート箔Aのかわりにアンダーコート箔Hを用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で、電極Hを作製した。
アンダーコート箔Aのかわりに無垢のアルミニウム箔を用いたこと以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で、電極Iを作製した。
各実施例及び比較例で得られた電極を25mm幅で切り出し、電極合材層塗工面に20mm幅の両面テープを貼り付けてガラス基板上に固定した。これを粘着・皮膜剥離解析装置に固定して剥離角度90°かつ剥離速度100mm/minで剥離試験を行い、密着力を測定した。結果を表1に示す。
2 平行部のチューブ外径
3 くびれ部
4 くびれ部のチューブ外径
Claims (13)
- 集電体と、該集電体の少なくとも一方の面に形成された導電性炭素材料及びカチオン性分散剤を含むアンダーコート層と、該アンダーコート層上に形成された電極合材層とを備えるエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
- 前記導電性炭素材料が、カーボンナノチューブを含む請求項1記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
- 前記電極合材層が、アニオン性官能基を有する化合物を含む請求項1又は2記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
- 前記カチオン性分散剤が、ジシアンジアミドをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマー、ジエチレントリアミンをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマー、ジシアンジアミド及びジエチレントリアミンをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマー、並びにエチレンイミンをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマーから選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む請求項1~3のいずれか1項記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
- 前記カチオン性分散剤が、エチレンイミンをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマーを含む請求項4記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
- 前記カチオン性分散剤が、ジシアンジアミドをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマーを含む請求項4記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
- 前記カチオン性分散剤が、ジエチレントリアミンをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマーを含む請求項4記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
- 前記カチオン性分散剤が、ジシアンジアミド及びジエチレントリアミンをモノマーとして用いてなるカチオン性ポリマーを含む請求項4記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
- 集電体の一面あたりのアンダーコート層の目付量が、1,000mg/m2以下である請求項1~8のいずれか1項記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
- 集電体の一面あたりのアンダーコート層の目付量が、500mg/m2以下である請求項9記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
- 集電体の一面あたりのアンダーコート層の目付量が、300mg/m2以下である請求項10記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
- 前記集電体が、銅箔又はアルミニウム箔である請求項1~11のいずれか1項記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極。
- 請求項1~12のいずれか1項記載のエネルギー貯蔵デバイス用電極を備えるエネルギー貯蔵デバイス。
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