WO2019184392A1 - 电机、压缩机及制冷设备 - Google Patents

电机、压缩机及制冷设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019184392A1
WO2019184392A1 PCT/CN2018/115827 CN2018115827W WO2019184392A1 WO 2019184392 A1 WO2019184392 A1 WO 2019184392A1 CN 2018115827 W CN2018115827 W CN 2018115827W WO 2019184392 A1 WO2019184392 A1 WO 2019184392A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
compressor
motor
stator
core
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/115827
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
邱小华
赵东亮
王正祥
张河茂
Original Assignee
广东美芝制冷设备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 filed Critical 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司
Priority to EP18911518.1A priority Critical patent/EP3761483A4/en
Priority to JP2020552735A priority patent/JP2021516949A/ja
Publication of WO2019184392A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019184392A1/zh
Priority to US17/036,073 priority patent/US20210013775A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H02K1/165—Shape, form or location of the slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
    • H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/02—Compressor arrangements of motor-compressor units
    • F25B31/026—Compressor arrangements of motor-compressor units with compressor of rotary type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
    • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of compressors, in particular to an electric motor, a compressor and a refrigeration device.
  • the single-cylinder rolling rotor type compressor has a simple structure and high energy efficiency, and is widely used in home appliances such as air conditioners.
  • the compressor is a pulsating load.
  • the rotational speed fluctuates greatly.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related art.
  • a first aspect of the invention consists in proposing an electric machine.
  • a second aspect of the invention resides in the proposal of a compressor.
  • a third aspect of the invention resides in the provision of a refrigeration apparatus.
  • an electric machine for a compressor comprising: a stator including a stator core having an annular cylindrical shape, an inner diameter and an outer diameter of the stator core The ratio k satisfies k>0.5; and the rotor is disposed in a columnar space surrounded by the stator core, the rotor includes a rotor core and a magnetic member, the magnetic member is disposed on the rotor core, the displacement of the compressor V, and the rotor core And the mass M of the magnetic member and the maximum radius R of the outer edge of the rotor satisfy 2 ⁇ V/(M*R 2 )*1000 ⁇ 4, wherein the unit of the displacement V of the compressor is cm 3 , the rotor core and The unit of mass M of the magnetic member is g, and the unit of the maximum radius R of the outer edge of the rotor is cm.
  • the motor provided by the invention comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein the stator comprises a stator core, the rotor is sleeved on the stator core, and the rotor is rotatable relative to the stator core, and the rotor further comprises components such as rivets and balance blocks.
  • the stator comprises a stator core
  • the rotor is sleeved on the stator core
  • the rotor is rotatable relative to the stator core
  • the rotor further comprises components such as rivets and balance blocks.
  • the moment of inertia of the rotor is proportional to the mass of the rotor core and the magnetic member M and the square of the maximum radius R of the outer edge of the rotor.
  • the speed fluctuation can be reduced by increasing the maximum radius of the outer edge of the rotor, and the anti-disturbing capability of the rotor can be improved, so that the energy efficiency of the compressor is improved.
  • the maximum radius of the outer edge of the rotor is limited by the inner diameter of the stator core.
  • the k value is set to k>0.5 by optimizing the ratio k of the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the stator core.
  • the inner diameter of the stator core can be increased to ensure that the maximum radius of the outer edge of the rotor can be increased.
  • the motor must also ensure the miniaturization demand. Therefore, the displacement V of the compressor, the mass M of the rotor core and the magnetic member, and the maximum radius R of the outer edge of the rotor are required to satisfy 2 ⁇ V / (M * R 2 ) *1000 ⁇ 4. Therefore, the motor provided by the invention reduces the fluctuation of the rotating speed while ensuring the miniaturization of the compressor, improves the anti-disturbing capability of the rotor, effectively improves the operating stability of the compressor during the low-frequency operation of the compressor, and improves the compressor. Energy efficient and reduces compressor noise.
  • the motor in the above technical solution provided by the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
  • the ratio k of the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the stator core satisfies k>0.57; the displacement V of the compressor, the mass M of the rotor core and the magnetic member, and the maximum radius R of the outer edge of the rotor satisfy 2.2 ⁇ V/(M*R 2 )*1000 ⁇ 3.7.
  • the ratio k of the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the stator core and the value range of V/(M*R 2 )*1000 are further optimized, and k is set to k>0.57, V/(M*R 2 ) *1000 is set to 2.2 ⁇ V/(M*R 2 )*1000 ⁇ 3.7, which further reduces the speed fluctuation while ensuring the miniaturization of the motor, and improves the anti-disturbance capability of the rotor during the low-frequency operation of the compressor. Further, the compressor operation stability is further effectively improved, the energy efficiency of the compressor is improved, and the compressor noise is further reduced.
  • the magnetic member is a permanent magnet.
  • the magnetic member does not use an electromagnet but a permanent magnet, and it is not necessary to connect the magnetic member to the power source, so that the structure is more compact.
  • the motor is a rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor.
  • the rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor has the advantages of high starting power distance, high overload capability, high operating efficiency and obvious energy saving effect, and thus can improve the energy efficiency of the compressor in one step.
  • the motor is a concentrated coil motor.
  • the motor adopts a concentrated coil motor structure, which saves copper at the end of the motor and can improve the efficiency of the motor unit.
  • the concentrated coil motor structure the inner diameter of the motor is large, so the outer diameter of the rotor can be made larger, which can effectively improve the low-frequency running stability of the compressor.
  • the stator core comprises a plurality of stator punches, a plurality of stator punches are overlapped, and each stator punch is provided with a plurality of slots, and the plurality of slots are located in the stator punch.
  • the inside of the sheet is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the stator sheet.
  • the stator core can be formed by overlapping a plurality of stator punches, so that the stator cores of different sizes and sizes can be constructed by setting the size, thickness and number of the stator punches, which can satisfy different users. Demand, improve the user experience, can also simplify the production process of the stator core, so that the stator core has a higher flexibility.
  • the plurality of slots provided on each of the stator blades are identical in position, and the stator further includes windings, whereby the slots located inside the mutually overlapping stator blades can facilitate the winding of the windings.
  • the plurality of slots are evenly spaced, so that the windings are evenly distributed on the stator core, so that the magnetic density distribution of the stator is uniform, and the performance of the motor is improved.
  • the number of slots is 9, the number of poles of the rotor is 6; or the number of slots is 6, the number of poles of the rotor is 4; or the number of slots is 18, of the rotor
  • the number of poles is 6; or the number of slots is 24 and the number of poles of the rotor is 4.
  • the number of the cogging and the corresponding number of rotor poles is specifically limited, and the motor having the number of the above-mentioned slots and the corresponding number of rotor poles can further improve the operating efficiency of the compressor and reduce electromagnetic noise.
  • the magnetic pole structure of the rotor is V-shaped or W-shaped.
  • the magnetic pole structure of the rotor is V-shaped or W-shaped, and the area of the permanent magnet can be increased in the same space, thereby improving the performance of the motor.
  • a second aspect of the invention provides a compressor comprising the motor of any of the above aspects.
  • the compressor of the present invention includes the motor described in any of the above aspects, and therefore has all the technical effects of the above-mentioned motor, and details are not described herein again.
  • the compressor is a single cylinder rolling rotor type compressor.
  • the compressor further includes: a casing and a pump body, and the pump body is provided with a compression chamber.
  • a third aspect of the invention provides a refrigerating apparatus comprising the electric machine according to any one of the above aspects or the compressor according to any one of the above aspects.
  • the refrigeration device of the present invention includes the motor or the compressor described in any of the above aspects, and therefore has all the technical effects of the above-mentioned motor or compressor, and details are not described herein again.
  • the refrigeration device may be an air conditioner or a refrigerator.
  • Figure 1 shows a front view of a stator core in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows a front view of a rotor core in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the volume of the motor and the ratio of V / (M * R 2 ) * 1000 in one embodiment in accordance with the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is a graph showing a comparison of the energy efficiency trends of the compressor of the present invention compared with the related art.
  • stator core 22 cogging, 4 rotor, 42 rotor core, 44 magnetic parts.
  • an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides an electric motor for a compressor, comprising: a stator including a stator core 2, the stator core 2 having an annular cylindrical shape, and a stator iron The ratio k of the inner diameter to the outer diameter of the core 2 satisfies k>0.5; and the rotor 4 is disposed in a cylindrical space surrounded by the stator core 2, the rotor 4 includes a rotor core 42 and a magnetic member 44, and the magnetic member 44 is disposed on the rotor On the iron core 42, the displacement V of the compressor, the mass M of the rotor core 42 and the magnetic member 44, and the maximum radius R of the outer edge of the rotor 4 satisfy 2 ⁇ V / (M * R 2 ) * 1000 ⁇ 4, wherein The unit of the displacement V of the compressor is cm 3 , the unit of the mass M of the rotor core 42 and the magnetic member 44 is g, and the unit of the maximum radius R of the outer edge of
  • the motor provided by the present invention comprises a stator and a rotor 4, wherein the stator comprises a stator core 2, the rotor 4 is sleeved on the stator core 2, and the rotor 4 is rotatable relative to the stator core 2, the rotor 4 further comprising rivets and balance Blocks and other components.
  • the displacement of the compressor is constant, as shown in Fig.
  • the x-axis is the value of V/(M*R 2 )*1000
  • the y-axis is the volume of the motor V 2
  • the volume of the motor is V ⁇ (M *R 2 )*1000 value decreases and decreases, that is, the larger the value of V/(M*R 2 )*1000, the more favorable the motor miniaturization, but the value of V/(M*R 2 )*1000
  • the larger the compressor the higher the fluctuation of the rotational speed of the rotor 4 under the low frequency condition of the compressor, the worse the anti-disturbance capability, and the energy efficiency of the compressor is significantly reduced.
  • the moment of inertia of the rotor 4 is proportional to the mass M of the rotor core 42 and the magnetic member 44 and the rotor 4
  • the square of the maximum radius R of the outer edge can therefore reduce the fluctuation of the rotational speed by increasing the maximum radius of the outer edge of the rotor 4, improve the anti-disturbing ability of the rotor 4, and improve the energy efficiency of the compressor.
  • the maximum radius of the outer edge of the rotor 4 is limited by the inner diameter of the stator core 2.
  • the k value is set to k>0.5, the inner diameter of the stator core 2 can be increased, thereby ensuring that the maximum radius of the outer edge of the rotor 4 can be increased.
  • the motor must also ensure the miniaturization demand, as shown in Figure 4, the x-axis is the value of V / (M * R 2 ) * 1000, the y-axis is the energy efficiency of the compressor, and the solid line is the compression of the present invention.
  • the energy efficiency curve, the dashed line is the compressor energy efficiency curve of the related art, and the present invention sets k to be greater than 0.5.
  • the method of increasing the outer diameter of the rotor core improves the energy efficiency of the compressor relative to the related art, and is at V/(M*R). 2 )
  • *1000 is between 2 and 4
  • the energy efficiency of the compressor is basically equal.
  • V/(M*R 2 )*1000 it is the critical point where the energy efficiency of the compressor drops significantly. Therefore, compression is required.
  • the displacement V of the machine, the mass M of the rotor core 42 and the magnetic member 44, and the maximum radius R of the outer edge of the rotor 4 satisfy 2 ⁇ V / (M * R 2 ) * 1000 ⁇ 4, wherein the displacement of the compressor V
  • the unit is cm 3
  • the unit of the mass M of the rotor core 42 and the magnetic member 44 is g
  • the unit of the maximum radius R of the outer edge of the rotor 4 is cm, so that the motor provided by the present invention reduces the miniaturization of the motor while reducing
  • the fluctuation of the speed improves the anti-disturbing ability of the rotor 4, and effectively improves the stability of the compressor during the low-frequency operation of the compressor, and improves the stability.
  • the energy efficiency of the whole compressor, and the compressor noise is reduced.
  • the ratio k of the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the stator core 2 satisfies k>0.57; the displacement V of the compressor, the rotor core 42 and The mass M of the magnetic member 44 and the maximum radius R of the outer edge of the rotor 4 satisfy 2.2 ⁇ V / (M * R 2 ) * 1000 ⁇ 3.7.
  • the range of the ratio k of the inner and outer diameters of the stator core 2 is further optimized, and k is set to be greater than 0.57, as shown in FIG. 3, the volume of the motor follows V/(M*R). 2 )
  • the value of *1000 decreases as the value increases, and when the value of V/(M*R 2 )*1000 is 2.2, the volume of the motor is relatively reduced by about half. As shown in FIG.
  • the present invention improves the energy efficiency of the compressor by increasing the outer diameter of the rotor core relative to the related art, and when the V/(M*R 2 )*1000 is between 2.2 and 3.7, the compressor
  • the energy efficiency is basically the same, so when the displacement V of the compressor, the mass M of the rotor core 42 and the magnetic member 44, and the maximum radius R of the outer edge of the rotor 4 satisfy 2.2 ⁇ V / (M * R 2 ) * 1000 ⁇ 3.7
  • the unit of the displacement V of the compressor is cm 3
  • the unit of the mass M of the rotor core 42 and the magnetic member 44 is g
  • the unit of the maximum radius R of the outer edge of the rotor 4 is cm, so that the motor provided by the present invention is While ensuring the miniaturization of the motor, the speed fluctuation is further reduced, the anti-disturbing capability of the rotor 4 is improved, the compressor running stability is further effectively improved during the low-frequency operation of the compressor, and the energy efficiency of the compressor
  • the magnetic member 44 is a permanent magnet.
  • the magnetic member 44 does not use an electromagnet but uses a permanent magnet, and it is not necessary to connect the magnetic member 44 to the power source, so that the structure is more compact.
  • the electric machine is a rare earth permanent magnet synchronous machine.
  • the rare earth permanent magnet synchronous motor has the advantages of high starting power distance, high overload capability, high operating efficiency, and remarkable energy saving effect, so that the energy efficiency of the compressor can be improved step by step.
  • the motor is a concentrated coil motor.
  • the motor adopts a concentrated coil motor structure, which saves copper for the motor end, and can improve the efficiency of the motor unit.
  • the concentrated coil motor structure the inner diameter of the motor is large, so the outer diameter of the rotor 4 can be made larger, which can effectively improve the low-frequency running stability of the compressor.
  • the stator core 2 includes a plurality of stator punches, and a plurality of stator punches are overlapped. As shown in FIG. 1, each stator punch is provided with a plurality of slots 22, A plurality of the slots 22 are located on the inner side of the stator punch and are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the stator punch.
  • the stator core 2 can be formed by overlapping a plurality of stator punches, so that the stator core 2 of different sizes and sizes can be constructed by setting the size, thickness and number of the stator punches, which can not only satisfy different The user demand, the user experience is improved, and the manufacturing process of the stator core 2 can be simplified, so that the stator core 2 has high flexibility.
  • the plurality of slots 22 provided on each of the stator blades are identical in position, and the stator further includes windings, whereby the slots 22 located inside the mutually overlapping stator blades can facilitate the winding of the windings.
  • the plurality of slots 22 are evenly spaced, so that the windings are evenly distributed on the stator core 2, so that the magnetic density distribution of the stator is uniform, and the performance of the motor is improved.
  • the number of slots 22 is 9, the number of poles of the rotor 4 is 6; or the number of slots 22 is 6, the number of poles of the rotor 4 is 4; or the slot 22 The number is 18, the number of poles of the rotor 4 is 6; or the number of the slots 22 is 24, and the number of poles of the rotor 4 is 4.
  • the number of the number of poles 22 and the corresponding number of poles of the rotor 4 is specifically defined.
  • the motor having the number of the above-mentioned slots 22 and the corresponding number of poles of the rotor 4 can further improve the operating efficiency of the compressor and reduce electromagnetic noise. .
  • the number of the slots 22 is 9, and the number of poles of the rotor 4 is 6.
  • the magnetic pole structure of the rotor 4 is V-shaped or W-shaped.
  • the magnetic pole structure of the rotor is V-shaped or W-shaped, and the area of the permanent magnet can be increased in the same space, thereby improving the performance of the motor.
  • the magnetic pole structure of the rotor is V-shaped.
  • An embodiment of the second aspect of the invention provides a compressor comprising the electric machine of any of the above embodiments.
  • the compressor of the present invention includes the motor as described in any of the above first embodiments, and therefore has all the technical effects of the above-mentioned motor, and details are not described herein again.
  • the compressor is a single cylinder rolling rotor compressor.
  • the compressor further includes: a casing and a pump body, and the pump body is provided with a compression chamber.
  • An embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention provides a refrigeration apparatus comprising the motor of any of the above embodiments or the compressor of any of the above aspects.
  • the refrigeration apparatus of the present invention includes the motor or the compressor as described in any of the above first aspects, and thus has all the technical effects of the above-mentioned motor or compressor, and details are not described herein again.
  • the refrigeration device may be an air conditioner or a refrigerator.
  • the term “plurality” means two or more, unless specifically defined otherwise.
  • the terms “installation”, “connected”, “connected”, “fixed” and the like should be understood broadly.
  • “connecting” may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; “connected” may They are directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
  • connection may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; “connected” may They are directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
  • the description of the terms “one embodiment”, “some embodiments”, “specific embodiments” and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments or examples are included in the present invention. At least one embodiment or example.
  • the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.
  • the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)

Abstract

一种电机，用于压缩机，包括：定子，其包括定子铁芯（2），定子铁芯（2）呈环形筒状，定子铁芯（2）的内径和外径的比值k满足k>0.5；及转子（4），设置在定子铁芯（2）围成的柱状空间内，转子（4）包括转子铁芯（42）和磁性件（44），磁性件（44）设置在转子铁芯（42）上，压缩机的排量V、转子铁芯（42）及磁性件（44）的质量M、转子（4）外缘的最大半径R满足2＜V/(M*R 2)*1000＜4，其中，压缩机的排量V的单位是cm 3，转子铁芯（42）及磁性件（44）的质量M的单位是g，转子（4）外缘的最大半径R的单位是cm。提供的电机在保证电机小型化的同时，降低了转速波动，在压缩机低频运行过程中，有效提高了压缩机运行稳定性，以及提高了压缩机整机能效，并降低了压缩机噪音。

Description

电机、压缩机及制冷设备
本申请要求于2018年03月29日提交中国专利局、申请号为201810273584.8、发明名称为“电机、压缩机及制冷设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及压缩机技术领域，尤其涉及一种电机、一种压缩机及一种制冷设备。
背景技术
众所周知，单缸滚动转子式压缩机结构简单，能效较高，被广泛应用于空调等家电领域。然而，在现有结构中，压缩机为脉动负载，在压缩机低频运转过程当中，转速波动较大，由于电机部定子内径小，低频条件下转子抗扰动能力较差，导致压缩机低频能效发挥受到抑制。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术或相关技术中存在的技术问题之一。
为此，本发明的第一方面在于，提出一种电机。
本发明的第二方面在于，提出一种压缩机。
本发明的第三方面在于，提出一种制冷设备。
有鉴于此，根据本发明的第一方面，提供了一种电机，用于压缩机，包括：定子，其包括定子铁芯，定子铁芯呈环形筒状，定子铁芯的内径和外径的比值k满足k>0.5；及转子，设置在定子铁芯围成的柱状空间内，转子包括转子铁芯和磁性件，磁性件设置在转子铁芯上，压缩机的排量V、转子铁芯及所述磁性件的质量M、转子外缘的最大半径R满足2＜V/(M*R 2)*1000＜4，其中，压缩机的排量V的单位是cm 3，转子铁芯及磁性件的质量M的单位 是g，转子外缘的最大半径R的单位是cm。
本发明提供的电机，包括定子和转子，其中，定子包括定子铁芯，转子内套于定子铁芯，且转子相对于定子铁芯可转动，转子还包括铆钉和平衡块等零部件。在压缩机排量一定的情况下，V/(M*R 2)*1000的数值越大，越有利于电机小型化，但是V/(M*R 2)*1000的值越大，压缩机低频条件下转子转速波动越大，抗扰动能力越差，且压缩机的能效下降明显，转子的转动惯量正比于转子铁芯及磁性件的质量M和转子外缘的最大半径R的平方，因此可以通过提高转子外缘最大半径的方式来降低转速波动，改善转子抗扰动能力，使得压缩机的能效提高。而转子外缘最大半径的大小受定子铁芯内径的限制，在定子铁芯外径一定的情况下，通过优化定子铁芯的内径与外径的比值k，将k值设置为k>0.5，能够增大定子铁芯的内径，进而保证转子外缘最大半径能够增大。与此同时，电机还要保证小型化的需求，因此，还需要压缩机的排量V、转子铁芯及磁性件的质量M、转子外缘的最大半径R满足2＜V/(M*R 2)*1000＜4。从而本发明提供的电机在保证压缩机小型化的同时，降低了转速波动，改善了转子抗扰动能力，在压缩机低频运行过程中，有效提高了压缩机运行稳定性，以及提高了压缩机整机能效，并降低了压缩机噪音。
另外，本发明提供的上述技术方案中的电机还可以具有如下附加技术特征：
在上述技术方案中，优选地，定子铁芯的内径和外径的比值k满足k>0.57；压缩机的排量V、转子铁芯及磁性件的质量M、转子外缘的最大半径R满足2.2＜V/(M*R 2)*1000＜3.7。
在该技术方案中，进一步优化了定子铁芯的内径和外径的比值k以及V/(M*R 2)*1000的取值范围，将k设置为k>0.57，V/(M*R 2)*1000设置为2.2＜V/(M*R 2)*1000＜3.7，从而在保证电机小型化的同时，进一步降低了转速波动，改善了转子抗扰动能力，在压缩机低频运行过程中，进一步有效提高了压缩机运行稳定性，以及提高了压缩机整机能效，并进一步降低压缩机噪音。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，磁性件为永磁体。
在该技术方案中，磁性件不选用电磁体而采用永磁体，不必将磁性件 连至电源，使结构更简洁。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，电机为稀土永磁同步电机。
在该技术方案中，稀土永磁同步电机具有高起动力距、高过载能力，以及运行效率高、节能效果明显的优点，因此能够进步一步提升压缩机的能效。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，电机为集中卷电机。
在该技术方案中，该电机采用集中卷电机结构，节省了电机端部用铜，可以提高电机单体效率。且集中卷电机结构，电机内径较大，因而转子外径可以做的较大，可有效提高压缩机低频运转稳定性。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，定子铁芯包括多个定子冲片，多个定子冲片相重叠，每个定子冲片上设有多个齿槽，多个所述齿槽位于定子冲片的内侧，并沿定子冲片的周向均匀分布。
在该技术方案中，定子铁芯可以由多个定子冲片重叠而成，因此可以通过设置定子冲片的尺寸、厚度和数量来构造不同尺寸、大小的定子铁芯，不但可以满足不同的用户需求，提高用户体验感，还可以简化定子铁芯的制作过程，使定子铁芯具有较高的灵活度。另外，每个定子冲片上设置的多个齿槽位置均相同，定子还包括绕组，由此，位于相互重叠的定子冲片内侧的齿槽，可以便于绕组的绕设。
可选地，多个齿槽均匀间隔分布，可以使绕组在定子铁芯上均匀分布，从而定子的磁密度分布均匀，提高电机的性能。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，齿槽的数量为9，转子的极数为6；或齿槽的数量为6，转子的极数为4；或齿槽的数量为18，转子的极数为6；或齿槽的数量为24，转子的极数为4。
在该技术方案中，具体限定了齿槽与对应的转子极数的数量，具有以上齿槽数量和对应的转子极数的电机，能够进一步提升压缩机的运行效率，降低电磁噪音。
在上述任一技术方案中，优选地，转子的磁极结构为V型或W型。
在该技术方案中，转子的磁极结构为V型或W型，能够在相同的空间内提高永磁体的面积，从而提高电机的性能。
本发明的第二方面提出了一种压缩机，包括上述任一技术方案所述的 电机。
本发明提出的压缩机，包括上述任一技术方案所述的电机，因此具有上述电机的全部技术效果，在此不再赘述。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，压缩机为单缸滚动转子式压缩机。
在该技术方案中，压缩机还包括：壳体、泵体，泵体内设有压缩腔。
本发明的第三方面提出了一种制冷设备，包括上述任一技术方案所述的电机或上述任一技术方案所述的压缩机。
本发明提出的制冷设备，包括上述任一技术方案所述的电机或压缩机，因此具有上述电机或压缩机的全部技术效果，在此不再赘述。
在该技术方案中，该制冷设备可以是空调或冰箱。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述部分中变得明显，或通过本发明的实践了解到。
附图说明
本发明的上述和/或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1示出了根据本发明的一个实施例中的定子铁芯主视图；
图2示出了根据本发明的一个实施例中的转子铁芯主视图；
图3示出了根据本发明的一个实施例中的电机体积与V/(M*R 2)*1000比值关系图；
图4示出了本发明与相关技术相比，压缩机能效变化趋势对比图。
图1和图2中附图标记与部件名称之间的对应关系为：
2定子铁芯，22齿槽，4转子，42转子铁芯，44磁性件。
具体实施方式
为了可以更清楚地理解本发明的上述目的、特征和优点，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明进行进一步的详细描述。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明，但是， 本发明还可以采用其他不同于在此描述的其他方式来实施，因此，本发明的保护范围并不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
下面参照图1至图4描述根据本发明的一些实施例所述电机。
如图1和图2所示，本发明第一方面的实施例提供了一种电机，用于压缩机，包括：定子，其包括定子铁芯2，定子铁芯2呈环形筒状，定子铁芯2的内径和外径的比值k满足k>0.5；及转子4，设置在定子铁芯2围成的柱状空间内，转子4包括转子铁芯42和磁性件44，磁性件44设置在转子铁芯42上，压缩机的排量V、转子铁芯42及磁性件44的质量M、转子4外缘的最大半径R满足2＜V/(M*R 2)*1000＜4，其中，压缩机的排量V的单位是cm 3，转子铁芯42及磁性件44的质量M的单位是g，转子4外缘的最大半径R的单位是cm。
本发明提供的电机，包括定子和转子4，其中，定子包括定子铁芯2，转子4内套于定子铁芯2，且转子4相对于定子铁芯2可转动，转子4还包括铆钉和平衡块等零部件。在压缩机排量一定的情况下，如图3所示，x轴为V/(M*R 2)*1000的值，y轴为电机的体积V 2，电机的体积随着V/(M*R 2)*1000值的增大而减小，即V/(M*R 2)*1000的数值越大，越有利于电机小型化，但是V/(M*R 2)*1000的值越大，压缩机低频条件下转子4转速波动越大，抗扰动能力越差，且压缩机的能效下降明显，转子4的转动惯量正比于转子铁芯42及磁性件44的质量M和转子4外缘的最大半径R的平方，因此可以通过提高转子4外缘最大半径的方式来降低转速波动，改善转子4抗扰动能力，使得压缩机的能效提高。而转子4外缘最大半径的大小受定子铁芯2内径的限制，在定子铁芯2外径一定的情况下，通过优化定子铁芯2的内径与外径的比值k，将k值设置为k>0.5，能够增大定子铁芯2的内径，进而保证转子4外缘最大半径能够增大。与此同时，电机还要保证小型化的需求，如图4所示，x轴为V/(M*R 2)*1000的值，y轴为压缩机的能效，实线是本发明的压缩机能效曲线，虚线是相关技术的压缩机能效曲线，本发明将k设置大于0.5，通过提高转子铁芯外径的方法相对于相关技术提高了压缩机的能效，且在V/(M*R 2)*1000在2至4之间时，压缩机能效基本相当，当V/(M*R 2)*1000的值为4时，是压缩机能效明显下降的临界点，因此， 还需要压缩机的排量V、转子铁芯42及磁性件44的质量M、转子4外缘的最大半径R满足2＜V/(M*R 2)*1000＜4，其中压缩机的排量V的单位是cm 3、转子铁芯42及磁性件44的质量M的单位是g、转子4外缘的最大半径R的单位是cm，从而本发明提供的电机在保证电机小型化的同时，降低了转速波动，改善了转子4抗扰动能力，在压缩机低频运行过程中，有效提高了压缩机运行稳定性，以及提高了压缩机整机能效，并降低了压缩机噪音。
如图1至图4所示，在本发明的一个实施例中，优选地，定子铁芯2的内径和外径的比值k满足k>0.57；压缩机的排量V、转子铁芯42及磁性件44的质量M、转子4外缘的最大半径R满足2.2＜V/(M*R 2)*1000＜3.7。
在该实施例中，进一步优化了定子铁芯2的内径和外径的比值k的取值范围，将k设置为大于0.57，如图3所示，电机的体积随着V/(M*R 2)*1000值的增大而减小，而当V/(M*R 2)*1000的值为2.2时，电机的体积相对减小了一半左右。如图4所示，本发明通过提高转子铁芯外径的方法相对于相关技术提高了压缩机的能效，且在V/(M*R 2)*1000为2.2与3.7之间时，压缩机的能效基本相当，因此当压缩机的排量V、转子铁芯42及磁性件44的质量M、转子4外缘的最大半径R满足2.2＜V/(M*R 2)*1000＜3.7时，其中压缩机的排量V的单位是cm 3、转子铁芯42及磁性件44的质量M的单位是g、转子4外缘的最大半径R的单位是cm，从而本发明提供的电机在保证电机小型化的同时，进一步降低了转速波动，改善了转子4抗扰动能力，在压缩机低频运行过程中，进一步有效提高了压缩机运行稳定性，以及提高了压缩机整机能效，并进一步降低压缩机噪音。
在本发明的一个实施例中，优选地，磁性件44为永磁体。
在该技术方案中，磁性件44不选用电磁体而采用永磁体，不必将磁性件44连至电源，使结构更简洁。
在本发明的一个实施例中，优选地，电机为稀土永磁同步电机。
在该实施例中，稀土永磁同步电机具有高起动力距、高过载能力，以及运行效率高、节能效果明显的优点，因此能够进步一步提升压缩机的能效。
在本发明的一个实施例中，优选地，电机为集中卷电机。
在该实施例中，该电机采用集中卷电机结构，节省了电机端部用铜，可以提高电机单体效率。且集中卷电机结构，电机内径较大，因而转子4外径可以做的较大，可有效提高压缩机低频运转稳定性。
在本发明的一个实施例中，优选地，定子铁芯2包括多个定子冲片，多个定子冲片相重叠，如图1所示，每个定子冲片上设有多个齿槽22，多个所述齿槽22位于定子冲片的内侧，并沿定子冲片的周向均匀分布。
在该实施例中，定子铁芯2可以由多个定子冲片重叠而成，因此可以通过设置定子冲片的尺寸、厚度和数量来构造不同尺寸、大小的定子铁芯2，不但可以满足不同的用户需求，提高用户体验感，还可以简化定子铁芯2的制作过程，使定子铁芯2具有较高的灵活度。另外，每个定子冲片上设置的多个齿槽22位置均相同，定子还包括绕组，由此，位于相互重叠的定子冲片内侧的齿槽22，可以便于绕组的绕设。
可选地，多个齿槽22均匀间隔分布，可以使绕组在定子铁芯2上均匀分布，从而定子的磁密度分布均匀，提高电机的性能。
在本发明的一个实施例中，优选地，齿槽22的数量为9，转子4的极数为6；或齿槽22的数量为6，转子4的极数为4；或齿槽22的数量为18，转子4的极数为6；或齿槽22的数量为24，转子4的极数为4。
在该实施例中，具体限定了齿槽22与对应的转子4极数的数量，具有以上齿槽22数量和对应的转子4极数的电机，能够进一步提升压缩机的运行效率，降低电磁噪音。
优选地，如图1和图2所示，齿槽22的数量为9，转子4的极数为6。
在本发明的一个实施例中，优选地，转子4的磁极结构为V型或W型。
在该实施例中，转子的磁极结构为V型或W型，能够在相同的空间内提高永磁体的面积，从而提高电机的性能。
可选地，如图2所示，转子的磁极结构为V型。
本发明的第二方面的实施例提供了一种压缩机，包括上述任一实施例所述的电机。
本发明提出的压缩机，包括如上述第一方面中任一实施例所述的电机，因此具有上述电机的全部技术效果，在此不再赘述。
在本发明的一个实施例中，优选地，压缩机为单缸滚动转子式压缩机。
在该实施例中，压缩机还包括：壳体、泵体，泵体内设有压缩腔。
本发明的第三方面的实施例提供了一种制冷设备，包括上述任一实施例所述的电机或上述任一技术方案所述的压缩机。
本发明提出的制冷设备，包括如上述第一方面中任一实施例所述的电机或压缩机，因此具有上述电机或压缩机的全部技术效果，在此不再赘述。
在该实施例中，该制冷设备可以是空调或冰箱。
在本发明中，术语“多个”则指两个或两个以上，除非另有明确的限定。术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语均应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；“相连”可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
在本说明书的描述中，术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“具体实施例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或实例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种电机，用于压缩机，其特征在于，包括：
    定子，其包括定子铁芯，所述定子铁芯呈环形筒状，所述定子铁芯的内径和外径的比值k满足k>0.5；及
    转子，设置在所述定子铁芯围成的柱状空间内，所述转子包括转子铁芯和磁性件，所述磁性件设置在所述转子铁芯上，所述压缩机的排量V、所述转子铁芯及所述磁性件的质量M、所述转子外缘的最大半径R满足2＜V/(M*R 2)*1000＜4，其中，所述压缩机的排量V的单位是cm 3，所述转子铁芯及所述磁性件的质量M的单位是g，所述转子外缘的最大半径R的单位是cm。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电机，其特征在于，
    所述定子铁芯的内径和外径的比值k满足k>0.57；
    所述压缩机的排量V、所述转子铁芯及所述磁性件的质量M、所述转子外缘的最大半径R满足2.2＜V/(M*R 2)*1000＜3.7。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电机，其特征在于，
    所述磁性件为永磁体。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电机，其特征在于，
    所述电机为稀土永磁同步电机。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电机，其特征在于，
    所述电机为集中卷电机。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电机，其特征在于，
    所述定子铁芯包括多个定子冲片，多个所述定子冲片相重叠，每个所述定子冲片上设有多个齿槽，多个所述齿槽位于所述定子冲片的内侧，并沿所述定子冲片的周向均匀分布。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电机，其特征在于，
    所述齿槽的数量为9，所述转子的极数为6；或
    所述齿槽的数量为6，所述转子的极数为4；或
    所述齿槽的数量为18，所述转子的极数为6；或
    所述齿槽的数量为24，所述转子的极数为4。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电机，其特征在于，
    所述转子的磁极结构为V型或W型。
  9. 一种压缩机，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的电机。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的压缩机，其特征在于，
    所述压缩机为单缸滚动转子式压缩机。
  11. 一种制冷设备，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求1至8中任一项所述的电机；或
    如权利要求9或10所述的压缩机。
PCT/CN2018/115827 2018-03-29 2018-11-16 电机、压缩机及制冷设备 WO2019184392A1 (zh)

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