WO2015000162A1 - 低背压旋转式压缩机 - Google Patents

低背压旋转式压缩机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015000162A1
WO2015000162A1 PCT/CN2013/078815 CN2013078815W WO2015000162A1 WO 2015000162 A1 WO2015000162 A1 WO 2015000162A1 CN 2013078815 W CN2013078815 W CN 2013078815W WO 2015000162 A1 WO2015000162 A1 WO 2015000162A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
motor
channel
back pressure
rotary compressor
housing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2013/078815
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高斌
陈振华
Original Assignee
广东美芝制冷设备有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 filed Critical 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司
Priority to EP13888730.2A priority Critical patent/EP3018350B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2013/078815 priority patent/WO2015000162A1/zh
Priority to AU2013393765A priority patent/AU2013393765B2/en
Publication of WO2015000162A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015000162A1/zh

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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/356Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the outer member
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/008Hermetic pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • F04C29/04Heating; Cooling; Heat insulation
    • F04C29/045Heating; Cooling; Heat insulation of the electric motor in hermetic pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2270/00Control; Monitoring or safety arrangements
    • F04C2270/20Flow

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the field of compressors and, in particular, to a low back pressure rotary compressor. Background technique
  • Rotary compressors which have been widely used, adopt high pressure inside the casing, that is, high back pressure structure. After the refrigerant from the system returns to the compressor passes through the gas-liquid separator, the gaseous refrigerant is directly sucked into the cylinder. After compression, the compressed high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is discharged into the internal space of the compressor casing, and the motor is cooled and discharged to the compressor to enter the system cycle.
  • the motor of the low back pressure compressor is mainly cooled by the low temperature and low pressure in the low pressure environment.
  • the suction amount of the compressor is lowered, and the unit mass is The compression power consumption of the gas also increases, resulting in a significant drop in the performance of the low back pressure compressor compared to the high back pressure compressor.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art.
  • a low back pressure rotary compressor comprising: a housing having a chamber therein, the housing being provided with a suction a motor, the motor being disposed in the chamber and isolating the chamber into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, between an outer peripheral surface of the motor and an inner peripheral surface of the housing and/or a passage is formed in the motor, one end of the passage is in communication with the upper chamber, and the other end of the passage is in communication with the lower chamber, the suction pipe is in communication with the upper chamber; a mechanism, the compression mechanism is disposed under the motor, the compression mechanism has an air intake port; wherein the displacement of the compressor is V, the flow of the channel
  • the through area is S
  • the speed of the motor is F
  • the flow rate of the gas passing through the passage is F (VXF) /S, where: when F 60 rev / sec, 2 (m / s) ⁇ 25 (m/s); when F>60 rev/sec, 8 (
  • the flow velocity V of the gas in the passage is in a suitable range at different rotational speeds of the motor, for example, when F 60 rpm, 2 (m/s) ⁇ 25 (m / s), then when F > 60 rev / sec, 8 (m / s) ⁇ 40 (m / s), thus well balanced gas flow loss and motor heat dissipation requirements, to ensure the motor
  • the working temperature is suitable to avoid damage to the motor or affect the working efficiency of the motor.
  • the gas circulation loss is minimized and the overall efficiency of the compressor is improved.
  • the low back pressure rotary compressor may further have the following additional technical features:
  • the housing includes an upper housing, a middle housing, and a lower housing,
  • the middle casing is coupled between the upper casing and the lower casing, wherein the suction pipe is disposed on the upper casing.
  • the motor is a fixed speed motor.
  • the rated speed of the motor is 50 rpm or 60 rpm.
  • the motor is a variable speed motor.
  • the displacement V of the compressor is adjustable.
  • the passage includes a first passage
  • the electric machine includes a stator and a rotor, at least a portion of an outer peripheral surface of the stator is spaced apart from an inner peripheral surface of the casing to form a first passage
  • the passage further includes a second passage
  • the electric machine includes a stator and a rotor, wherein
  • the passage further includes a third passage
  • the electric machine includes a stator and a rotor, wherein
  • At least one through hole penetrating the rotor in the up and down direction is provided in the rotor to form the third passage.
  • the suction port is formed on the main bearing or the cylinder.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a low back pressure rotary compressor in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a low back pressure rotary compressor in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. Description of the reference signs:
  • Compressor 100
  • first and second are used for descriptive purposes only, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. Further, in the description of the present invention, “multiple” means two or more unless otherwise stated.
  • a low back pressure rotary compressor 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to Figs.
  • a low back pressure rotary compressor 100 includes a housing, a motor 2, and a compression mechanism.
  • the housing has a chamber therein, and the housing may include an upper housing 11, a middle housing 12 and a lower housing 13 which will be mentioned below, and the housing is provided with an air suction tube 14, the suction tube One end of the 14 is in communication with the chamber, specifically, the one end of the suction duct 14 is in communication with the upper chamber 15 which will be mentioned below, and the other end of the suction duct 14 is adapted to have the compression of the present invention.
  • the low-pressure side heat exchanger in the refrigeration system of the machine is in communication such that the refrigerant medium flowing back from the low-pressure side heat exchanger can enter the casing through the suction pipe 14.
  • the motor 2 is disposed within the chamber and isolates the chamber into an upper chamber 15 and a lower chamber 16, which are communicable through the passage.
  • a passage formed in the motor 2 for example, the passage may include the first passage 231, the second passage 232, and the third passage to 233
  • the passage may be the outer circumference of the motor 2 and the inner circumference of the casing Faceted.
  • the passage may be formed only inside the motor 2, such as the passage may be formed on the stator 21 and/or the rotor 22.
  • a portion of the passage is defined by the outer peripheral surface of the motor 2 and the inner peripheral surface of the casing, and another portion of the passage is formed inside the motor 2.
  • One end of the passage for example, the upper end is in communication with the upper chamber 15, and the other end of the passage, for example, the lower end, communicates with the lower chamber 16.
  • the motor 2 may include a stator 21 and a rotor 22, the stator 21 may be formed in a substantially circular shape, and the stator 21 is adapted to be fixed to the housing, for example, the stator 21 may be welded to the inner wall surface of the middle housing 12. .
  • the rotor 22 is rotatably disposed within the stator 21, and the rotor 22 is adapted to be fixed to the crankshaft 35.
  • the compression mechanism is disposed below the motor 2, and the compression mechanism has an intake port 36.
  • the compression mechanism may include a main bearing 31, a cylinder 32 and a sub-bearing 33, and the main bearing 31 is disposed above the cylinder 32, for example, the main bearing 31 may be detachably fixed to the cylinder 32 by a plurality of bolts.
  • the sub-bearing 33 is provided below the cylinder 32, and for example, the sub-bearing 33 can be detachably fixed to the underside of the cylinder 32 by a plurality of bolts.
  • a compression chamber is defined between the main bearing 31, the cylinder 32 and the sub-bearing 33 for compressing a refrigerant medium such as a gaseous refrigerant.
  • the upper portion of the crankshaft 35 can be fixed to the rotor 22 of the motor 2.
  • the lower end of the crankshaft 35 can extend downward through the main bearing 31, the cylinder 32 and the sub-bearing 33.
  • the piston 34 is sleeved outside the crankshaft 35 and located in the compression chamber.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the piston 34 may be configured in a circular or elliptical shape.
  • the suction port 36 may be formed on the main bearing 31.
  • the suction port 36 may also be formed on the cylinder 32, and both ends of the suction port 36 communicate with the lower chamber 16 and the compression chamber, respectively.
  • V the displacement of the low back pressure rotary compressor
  • cmVrev is: cubic centimeter/rev
  • flow area of the passage is S (mm 2 ), wherein mm 2 is: square mm
  • the speed of the motor 2 is F
  • the flow rate of the gas passing through the passage is (m/s)
  • the V can be understood as the average speed of the gas passing through the passage, then F (VXF) /S, where:
  • the above-mentioned definition of the displacement of the low back pressure rotary compressor When operating according to the theoretical cycle, the volume of gas that can be discharged per revolution of the eccentric crankshaft and converted to the suction state at the inlet is the operation of the compressor. Volume.
  • the definition of the above-mentioned flow area refers to a through hole in which the upper and lower sides of the motor can still be communicated after the compressor is assembled, and the gas can pass smoothly, and in particular, generally includes the first channel in FIG. 231, the second channel 232 And the third passage 233 or the like is used to connect the through holes or slots on both sides of the motor.
  • the total flow area S of the passages includes the sum of the flow areas of the passages (the first passage 231, the second passage 232, and the third passage 233).
  • the passage does not include a groove or a groove for mounting the winding, a cast aluminum hole, a rivet hole, and a positioning hole of the iron core, etc., which have only an assembly action.
  • the low back pressure rotary compressor 100 is in a suitable range by making the flow rate V of the gas in the passage at a different speed of the motor 2, for example, when F 60 rpm, 2 (meter) / sec) ⁇ 25 (m / s), then when F > 60 rev / sec, 8 (m / s) 40 (m / s), thus well balanced gas flow loss and heat dissipation of the motor 2 It is required to ensure that the working temperature of the motor 2 is suitable, to avoid damage to the motor 2 or affect the working efficiency of the motor 2, and to minimize the gas circulation loss and improve the overall efficiency of the compressor.
  • the housing may include an upper housing 11, a middle housing 12, and a lower housing 13, and the middle housing 12 is coupled to the upper housing 1 1 and the lower housing 13 Specifically, the lower end of the upper casing 11 can be fixed to the upper end of the middle casing 12, and the fixing manner can be welding. The lower end of the middle casing 12 is fixed to the upper end of the lower casing 13, and the fixing manner can also be welding. Since the separate small parts are relatively easy to machine, the division of the casing into the upper casing 1 1 , the middle casing 12 and the lower casing 13 can greatly facilitate the production and processing of the casing, which is advantageous in reducing the overall cost.
  • the suction pipe 14 is disposed on the upper casing 11, and for example, the suction pipe 14 may be fixed to the center of the top of the upper casing 11 by welding.
  • the motor 2 can be a fixed speed motor, in other words, the output speed of the motor 2 is constant, i.e., non-adjustable.
  • the motor 2 can be rated at 50 rpm or 60 rpm, that is, in this embodiment, the motor 2 can only be 50 rpm or 60 rpm as the only output speed.
  • the motor 2 may be a variable speed motor.
  • the output speed of the motor 2 is adjustable.
  • the motor 2 may have a preset number of different speeds. When it is necessary to increase the power of the compressor, the rotation speed of the motor 2 can be increased, and when it is required to reduce the power of the compressor, the rotation speed of the motor 2 can be adjusted low.
  • the speed adjustment of the motor 2 can also be continuously adjustable.
  • the displacement V of the compressor is adjustable, in other words, the compressor V is a variable capacity compressor.
  • varactor compressors are well known in the art and are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art and will therefore not be described in detail herein.
  • the compressor is of a two-cylinder configuration, i.e., the compressor has two compression chambers (i.e., the pump body of the compressor includes two cylinders). It will be appreciated that the rotary compressor having a two-cylinder configuration is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art and will therefore not be described in detail herein.
  • the channel includes a first channel 231, a second channel 232, and a third channel 233.
  • the three channels are described in detail below.
  • at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the stator 21 is spaced apart from the inner peripheral surface of the casing to form the first passage 231.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the stator 21 may be a standard circumferential surface, and then may be removed.
  • a part of the outer peripheral surface of the stator 21 is formed as a removal portion, such that the removed portion is the first passage 231 described above, and the remaining unremoved portion is in close contact with the inner wall surface of the casing.
  • the second passage 232 may be formed in the stator 21. Specifically, at least one through hole penetrating the stator 21 in the up and down direction is provided in the stator 21, and the through hole constitutes the second passage 232.
  • the third passage 233 may be configured to penetrate the through hole of the rotor 22 up and down.
  • the rotor 22 is provided with at least one through hole penetrating the rotor 22 in the up and down direction, and the through hole is the third passage 233.
  • the flow area of the first channel 231 is S l
  • the flow area of the second channel 232 is S2
  • the channel may also include only one of the first channel 231, the second channel 232, or the third channel 233, and the corresponding total flow area S is S. l, S2 or S3.
  • the channel may include a first channel 231 and a second channel 232 or a second channel 232 and a third channel 233 or a first channel 231 and a third channel 233, that is, only the first channel 231 and the second channel 232 described above are included. And any two of the third channels 233.
  • the corresponding total flow area S is S 1+ S2, S 1+S3 or S2+ S3.
  • the first channel 231 is plural and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, for example, the first channel 231 is four, and the angle between adjacent two intervals may be 90°, and the flow area S of the first channel 231 at this time 1 can be understood as the sum of the total flow areas of the plurality of first passages 231.
  • the second passage 232 is plural and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.
  • the second passage 232 is four, and the angle between the adjacent two intervals may be 90°.
  • the flow area S2 of the second passage 232 can be understood as the The sum of the total flow areas of the plurality of second passages 232.
  • the third channel 233 is plural and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.
  • the third channel 233 may be three, and the angle between the adjacent two intervals may be 120°, and the flow area S3 of the third channel 233 may be It is understood as the sum of the total flow areas of the plurality of third passages 233.
  • first passage 231, the second passage 232, or the third passage 233 may also be non-uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction.
  • the low back pressure rotary compressor 100 can achieve higher efficiency of the motor 2 while ensuring less airflow resistance through the passage of the motor 2, thereby making the performance of the compressor better.
  • the compressor of the invention has a simple structure, a reasonable design and excellent performance.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)

Abstract

一种低背压旋转式压缩机,该压缩机包括壳体、电机和压缩机构。壳体内具有腔室,壳体上设有吸气管,电机设在腔室内且将腔室隔离成上腔室和下腔室,电机的外周面与壳体的内周面之间和/或电机内形成有通道,通道的一端与上腔室连通且另一端与下腔室连通,压缩机的排量为V,通道的流通面积为S,电机的转速为F,经过通道的气体的流速为v,则有v=(V×F)/S,其中:当 F≤60转/秒时,2(米/秒)≤v≤25(米/ 秒);当 F>60转/秒时,8(米/秒)≤v≤40(米/秒)。

Description

低背压旋转式压缩机
技术领域
本发明涉及压縮机领域, 具体而言, 涉及一种低背压旋转式压縮机。 背景技术
现已广泛采用的旋转式压縮机均采用壳体内高压力即高背压结构, 从系统回到压縮 机的制冷剂通过气液分离器后, 气态的制冷剂被直接吸入到气缸内完成压縮, 经过压縮 后的高温高压制冷剂排入到压縮机壳体内部空间, 冷却电机后排出压縮机, 进入系统循 环。
相对于高背压结构的旋转式压縮机, 存在一种壳体内为低压力即壳体内与吸气压力 连通的低背压结构旋转式压縮机。这种结构的压縮机相比高背压压縮机在一些领域, 特 别是未来的旋转式压縮机应用中有着特别的优势,这是由于低背压压縮机的电机在低温 低压的吸气环境中,不会出现高背压压縮机那样因为排气温度高而带来的电机温度过高 或电机冷却不足。 另外, 低压的环境下, 压縮机内制冷剂的含量将大幅减少, 制冷系统 的制冷剂充注量可以得到大幅降低。因此,低背压压縮机将在这些领域得到广泛的应用。
但是, 低背压压縮机的电机在低压环境中, 主要通过低温低压的吸气冷却散热, 然 而, 由于吸入的气体被电机加热膨胀, 导致压縮机的吸气量会下降, 并且单位质量气体 的压縮功耗也会增加, 导致低背压压縮机的性能相比高背压压縮机显著下降。 发明内容
本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。
为此, 本发明的一个目的在于提出一种低背压旋转式压縮机, 该低背压旋转式压縮 机通过合理地设计,使得电机在获得较佳冷却效果的同时,通道内的气体流动阻力减少, 从而整体提高该低背压旋转式压縮机的能效。
根据本发明的一个方面, 提出了一种低背压旋转式压縮机, 该低背压旋转式压縮机 包括: 壳体, 所述壳体内具有腔室, 所述壳体上设有吸气管; 电机, 所述电机设在所述 腔室内且将所述腔室隔离成上腔室和下腔室,所述电机的外周面与所述壳体的内周面之 间和 /或所述电机内形成有通道, 所述通道的一端与所述上腔室连通且所述通道的另一 端与所述下腔室连通, 所述吸气管与所述上腔室连通; 压縮机构, 所述压縮机构设在所 述电机的下方, 所述压縮机构具有吸气口; 其中所述压縮机的排量为 V, 所述通道的流 通面积为 S, 所述电机的转速为 F, 经过所述通道的气体的流速为 , 则有 F ( V X F) /S, 其中: 当 F 60转 /秒时, 2 (米 /秒) τ 25 (米 /秒) ; 当 F〉60转 /秒时, 8 (米 /秒) τ 40 (米 /秒) 。
根据本发明的低背压旋转式压縮机, 通过使气体在通道内的流速 V在电机不同转速 下处在适宜的范围内, 例如当 F 60转 /秒时, 2 (米 /秒) τ 25 (米 /秒) , 再如当 F〉60 转 /秒时, 8 (米 /秒) τ 40 (米 /秒) , 从而很好地平衡了气体的流通损失与 电机的散热要求, 保证电机工作温度适宜, 避免出现温度过高损坏电机或影响电机的工 作效率, 同时将气体流通损失降到最低, 提高压縮机的整机效率。
另外, 根据本发明的低背压旋转式压縮机, 还可以具有如下附加技术特征: 根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述壳体包括上壳体、 中壳体和下壳体, 所述中壳体连 接在所述上壳体与所述下壳体之间, 其中所述吸气管设置在所述上壳体上。
根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述电机为定速电机。
根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述电机的额定转速为 50转 /秒或 60转 /秒。
根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述电机为变速电机。
根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述压縮机的排量 V可调。
根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述通道包括第一通道, 且所述电机包括定子和转子, 所述定子的外周面的至少一部分与所述壳体的内周面间隔开以形成第一通道。 根据本发明的另一个实施例, 所述通道还包括第二通道, 且所述电机包括定子和转 子, 其中
所述定子内设有至少一个在上下方向上贯通所述定子的通孔以形成所述第二通道。 根据本发明的另一个实施例, 所述通道还包括第三通道, 且所述电机包括定子和转 子, 其中
所述转子内设有至少一个在上下方向上贯通所述转子的通孔以形成所述第三通道。 根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述吸气口形成在所述主轴承或所述气缸上。
本发明的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出, 部分将从下面的描述中变得 明显, 或通过本发明的实践了解到。 附图说明
本发明的上述和 /或附加的方面和优点从结合下面附图对实施例的描述中将变得明 显和容易理解, 其中: 图 1是根据本发明一个实施例的低背压旋转式压縮机的示意图;
图 2是根据本发明一个实施例的低背压旋转式压縮机的横截面示意图。 附图标记说明:
压縮机 100;
上壳体 11, 中壳体 12, 下壳体 13, 吸气管 14, 上腔室 15, 下腔室 16 ;
电机 2, 定子 21, 转子 22, 第一通道 231, 第二通道 232, 第三通道 233 ;
主轴承 31, 气缸 32, 副轴承 33, 活塞 34, 曲轴 35, 吸气口 36。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本发明的实施例, 所述实施例的示例在附图中示出, 其中自始至终相 同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附 图描述的实施例是示例性的, 仅用于解释本发明, 而不能理解为对本发明的限制。
在本发明的描述中, 需要理解的是, 术语"中心"、 "上"、 "下"、 "前"、 "后"、 "左" 、 "右" 、 "竖直" 、 "水平" 、 "顶" 、 "底" "内" 、 "外"等指示的方位 或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系, 仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述, 而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、 以特定的方位构造和操作, 因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。
需要说明的是, 术语 "第一" 、 "第二 "仅用于描述目的, 而不能理解为指示或暗 示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。 由此, 限定有 "第一" 、 "第二" 的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。进一步地,在本发明的描述中, 除非另有说明, "多个" 的含义是两个或两个以上。
下面参考图 1-图 2描述根据本发明实施例的低背压旋转式压縮机 100。
根据本发明一个实施例的低背压旋转式压縮机 100, 包括壳体、 电机 2、 压縮机构。 如图 1所示, 壳体内具有腔室, 壳体可包括下面将要提到的上壳体 11、 中壳体 12 和下壳体 13, 壳体上设有吸气管 14, 该吸气管 14的一端与腔室连通, 具体地说, 该吸 气管 14的该一端是与下面将要提到的上腔室 15连通的, 该吸气管 14的另一端适于与 具有本发明压縮机的制冷系统中的低压侧换热器连通,这样从低压侧换热器流回的制冷 介质可通过该吸气管 14进入到壳体内。
如图 1所示, 电机 2设在腔室内且将腔室隔离成上腔室 15和下腔室 16, 上腔室 15 和下腔室 16是可以通过通道连通的。 具体而言, 电机 2的外周面与壳体的内周面之间 和 /或电机 2内形成有通道(例如通道可以包括第一通道 231、 第二通道 232, 第三通到 233 ) , 换言之, 例如, 通道可以是由电机 2的外周面与壳体的内周面限定出的。 又如, 通道可以只形成在电机 2的内部, 如通道可以形成在定子 21和 /或转子 22上。 再如, 通道的一部分由电机 2的外周面与壳体的内周面限定出,通道的另一部分则形成在电机 2的内部。
该通道的一端例如上端与上腔室 15连通, 该通道的另一端例如下端与下腔室 16连 通。
如图 1所示, 电机 2可包括定子 21和转子 22, 定子 21可形成为大致圆环形, 定子 21适于固定在壳体上, 例如定子 21可焊接至中壳体 12的内壁面上。 转子 22可转动地 设置在定子 21内, 转子 22适于与曲轴 35固定。
压縮机构设在电机 2的下方, 压縮机构具有吸气口 36。 根据本发明的一个实施例, 压縮机构可包括主轴承 31、 气缸 32和副轴承 33, 主轴承 31设在气缸 32的上面, 例如 主轴承 31可以通过多个螺栓可拆卸地固定在气缸 32 的上面。 副轴承 33设在气缸 32 的下面, 例如副轴承 33可以通过多个螺栓可拆卸地固定在气缸 32的下面。
在主轴承 31、气缸 32与副轴承 33之间限定出压縮腔, 该压縮腔用于对制冷介质如 气态的制冷剂进行压縮。 曲轴 35的上部可与电机 2的转子 22相固定, 曲轴 35的下端 可穿过主轴承 31、 气缸 32和副轴承 33向下延伸, 活塞 34套设在曲轴 35的外面且位 于压縮腔内, 活塞 34的外周面可构造成圆形或椭圆形。
其中吸气口 36可以形成在主轴承 31上,当然,该吸气口 36也可形成在气缸 32上, 该吸气口 36的两端分别与下腔室 16和压縮腔连通。
其中, 其中该低背压旋转式压縮机的排量为 V (cm7reV), 其中 cmVrev为: 立方厘 米 /转, 通道的流通面积为 S ( mm2 ) , 其中 mm2为: 平方毫米, 电机 2的转速为 F, 经过 通道的气体的流速为 (米 /秒) , 该 V可以理解为气体通过通道的平均速度, 则有 F ( V X F) /S, 其中:
当 F 60转 /秒时, 2 (米 /秒) τ 25 (米 /秒) ;
当 F〉60转 /秒时, 8 (米 /秒) τ 40 (米 /秒) 。 由此, 满足该数值范围内, 可 在气体流通损失与电机 2的散热要求之间建立很好地平衡。
需要说明的是, 上述低背压旋转式压縮机排量的定义: 按理论循环工作时, 偏心曲 轴每旋转一周能够排出的、折算到进口处吸气状态的气体体积为压縮机的工作容积。上 述流通面积的定义: 是指其中在压縮机装配完成后, 仍然能够连通电机上下两侧, 并使气 体能够顺利通过的通孔,特别地,一般可以包括如图中 1中的第一通道 231、第二通道 232 和第三通道 233等用来连通电机两侧的通孔或槽。 那么, 根据本发明的一个实施例, 所述 通道的总流通面积 S就包括这些通道 (第一通道 231、 第二通道 232和第三通道 233 ) 的 流通面积的总和。 但是, 可以理解的是, 所述通道不包括用于安装绕组的槽、 铸铝孔、 铆 钉孔以及铁芯的定位孔等仅具有装配作用的孔或槽。
根据本发明实施例的低背压旋转式压縮机 100, 通过使气体在通道内的流速 V在电 机 2不同转速下处在适宜的范围内, 例如当 F 60转 /秒时, 2 (米 /秒) τ 25 (米 / 秒) , 再如当 F〉60转 /秒时, 8 (米 /秒) 40 (米 /秒) , 从而很好地平衡了气体 的流通损失与电机 2的散热要求, 保证电机 2工作温度适宜, 避免出现温度过高损坏电 机 2或影响电机 2的工作效率,同时将气体流通损失降到最低,提高压縮机的整机效率。
根据本发明的一个实施例, 如图 1所示, 壳体可包括上壳体 11、 中壳体 12和下壳 体 13, 中壳体 12连接在上壳体 1 1和下壳体 13之间, 具体而言, 上壳体 11的下端可 与中壳体 12的上端固定, 固定方式可以是焊接, 中壳体 12的下端固定至下壳体 13的 上端, 固定方式也可以是焊接。 由于单独小部件加工成型相对容易, 因此将壳体分为上 壳体 1 1、 中壳体 12和下壳体 13能够大大地方便壳体的生产加工, 有利于降低整体成 本。 其中吸气管 14设置在上壳体 11上, 例如吸气管 14可以采用焊接的方式固定在上 壳体 11的顶部中央位置。
根据本发明的一个实施例, 电机 2可为定速电机, 换言之, 电机 2的输出转速是不 变的, 即不可调节的。 例如, 电机 2的额定转速可为 50转 /秒或 60转 /秒, 也就是说, 在该实施例中, 电机 2只能以 50转 /秒或 60转 /秒作为唯一的输出转速。
当然, 本发明并不限于此, 在本发明的另一个实施例, 电机 2可为变速电机, 换言 之, 电机 2的输出转速是可调节的, 例如电机 2可以具有预设的几个不同转速, 当需要 提高压縮机的功率时, 可以调高电机 2的转速, 而当需要降低压縮机的功率时, 则可调 低电机 2的转速。 当然, 电机 2的转速调节也可以是连续可调的。
根据本发明的一个实施例, 压縮机的排量 V可调, 换言之, 压縮机 V是变容压縮机。 可以理解的是, 变容压縮机已为现有技术且为本领域的普通技术人员所熟知, 因此这里 不再详细描述。
根据本发明的一个实施例, 压縮机为双缸结构, 即压縮机具有两个压縮腔 (即压縮 机的泵体包括两个汽缸)。可以理解的是该具有双缸结构的旋转式压縮机已为本领域的 普通技术人员所熟知, 因此这里不再详细描述。
如图 1和图 2所示, 通道包括第一通道 231、 第二通道 232和第三通道 233。 下面 分别就该三个通道进行详细的描述。 如图 1和图 2所示, 定子 21 的外周面的至少一部分与壳体的内周面间隔开以形成 第一通道 231, 换言之, 定子 21的外周面可以是标准的圆周面, 然后可去除定子 21外 周面的一部分以形成去除部, 这样去除部即为上述的第一通道 231, 而其余未去除的部 分则可与壳体的内壁面紧密贴合。
第二通道 232可形成在定子 21内。 具体而言, 定子 21内设有至少一个在上下方向 上贯通该定子 21的通孔, 该通孔即构成第二通道 232。 同样, 第三通道 233可构造为 上下贯通转子 22 的通孔, 具体地说, 转子 22 内设有至少一个在上下方向上贯通转子 22的通孔, 该通孔即为第三通道 233。
其中第一通道 231的流通面积为 S l, 第二通道 232的流通面积为 S2, 第三通道 233 的流通面积为 S3, 则有: 总的流通面积 S= S 1+ S2+ S3。
当然,可以理解的是,根据本发明的其它实施例,所述通道也可只包括第一通道 231、 第二通道 232或第三通道 233中的一个, 此时相应的总流通面积 S为 S l、 S2或 S3。 或 者, 所述通道可以包括第一通道 231和第二通道 232或者第二通道 232和第三通道 233 或者第一通道 231和第三通道 233, 即只包括上述第一通道 231、 第二通道 232和第三 通道 233中的任意两个。 此时相应的总流通面积 S为 S 1+ S2、 S 1+S3或 S2+ S3。
优选地, , 第一通道 231为多个且在周向上均匀分布, 例如第一通道 231为四个, 且相邻两个间隔的角度可为 90° , 此时第一通道 231的流通面积 S 1可以理解为该多个 第一通道 231的总流通面积之和。
第二通道 232为多个且在周向上均匀分布, 例如第二通道 232为四个, 且相邻两个 间隔的角度可为 90° ,此时第二通道 232的流通面积 S2可以理解为该多个第二通道 232 的总流通面积之和。
同样, 第三通道 233为多个且在周向上均匀分布, 例如第三通道 233可为三个, 且 相邻两个间隔的角度可为 120° , 此时第三通道 233的流通面积 S3可以理解为该多个 第三通道 233的总流通面积之和。
当然, 本发明并不限于此, 在本发明的其它实施例中, 第一通道 231、第二通道 232 或第三通道 233在周向上也可以是非均匀分布的。
简言之, 根据本发明一个实施例的低背压旋转式压縮机 100, 在达到更高电机 2效率的 同时能保证通过电机 2 内通道的气流阻力较小, 从而使得压縮机的性能更好。 同时, 本发 明的压縮机结构简单、 设计合理、 性能优秀。
在本说明书的描述中, 参考术语 "一个实施例"、 "一些实施例"、 "示意性实施例"、 "示 例"、 "具体示例"、 或 "一些示例"等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、 结 构、 材料或者特点包含于本发明的至少一个实施例或示例中。 在本说明书中, 对上述术语 的示意性表述不一定指的是相同的实施例或示例。 而且, 描述的具体特征、 结构、 材料或 者特点可以在任何的一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例,本领域的普通技术人员可以理解:在不脱离本 发明的原理和宗旨的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、 修改、 替换和变型, 本发明 的范围由权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种低背压旋转式压縮机, 其特征在于, 包括:
壳体, 所述壳体内具有腔室, 所述壳体上设有吸气管;
电机, 所述电机设在所述腔室内且将所述腔室隔离成上腔室和下腔室, 所述电机的 外周面与所述壳体的内周面之间和 /或所述电机内形成有通道, 所述通道的一端与所述 上腔室连通且所述通道的另一端与所述下腔室连通, 所述吸气管与所述上腔室连通; 压縮机构, 所述压縮机构设在所述电机的下方, 所述压縮机构具有吸气口; 其中所述压縮机的排量为 V, 所述通道的总流通面积为 S, 所述电机的转速为 F, 经 过所述通道的气体的流速为 , 则有 F ( V X F) /S, 其中:
当 F 60转 /秒时, 2 (米 /秒) τ 25 (米 /秒) ;
当 F〉60转 /秒时, 8 (米 /秒) τ 40 (米 /秒) 。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的低背压旋转式压縮机, 其特征在于, 所述壳体包括上壳 体、 中壳体和下壳体, 所述中壳体连接在所述上壳体与所述下壳体之间, 其中所述吸气 管设置在所述上壳体上。
3、 根据权利要求 1 所述的低背压旋转式压縮机, 其特征在于, 所述电机为定速电 机。
4、 根据权利要求 3 所述的低背压旋转式压縮机, 其特征在于, 所述电机的额定转 速为 50转 /秒或 60转 /秒。
5、 根据权利要求 1 所述的低背压旋转式压縮机, 其特征在于, 所述电机为变速电 机。
6、 根据权利要求 1所述的低背压旋转式压縮机, 其特征在于, 所述压縮机的排量 V 可调。
7、 根据权利要求 1 所述的低背压旋转式压縮机, 其特征在于, 所述通道包括第一 通道, 且所述电机包括定子和转子, 其中
所述定子的外周面的至少一部分与所述壳体的内周面间隔开以形成第一通道。
8、 根据权利要求 1 所述的低背压旋转式压縮机, 其特征在于, 所述通道还包括第 二通道, 且所述电机包括定子和转子, 其中
所述定子内设有至少一个在上下方向上贯通所述定子的通孔以形成所述第二通道。
9、 根据权利要求 1 所述的低背压旋转式压縮机, 其特征在于, 所述通道还包括第 三通道, 且所述电机包括定子和转子, 其中 所述转子内设有至少一个在上下方向上贯通所述转子的通孔以形成所述第三通道。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的低背压旋转式压缩机, 其特征在于, 所述吸气口形成在 所述主轴承或所述气缸上。
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