WO2019165721A1 - 电池存储架及新能源汽车换电站 - Google Patents

电池存储架及新能源汽车换电站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019165721A1
WO2019165721A1 PCT/CN2018/090742 CN2018090742W WO2019165721A1 WO 2019165721 A1 WO2019165721 A1 WO 2019165721A1 CN 2018090742 W CN2018090742 W CN 2018090742W WO 2019165721 A1 WO2019165721 A1 WO 2019165721A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
storage rack
battery storage
location
new energy
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/090742
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
戚文刚
郝战铎
杨潮
陈炯
Original Assignee
蔚来汽车有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 蔚来汽车有限公司 filed Critical 蔚来汽车有限公司
Priority to EP18908210.0A priority Critical patent/EP3760502A4/en
Publication of WO2019165721A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019165721A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60S5/00—Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles
    • B60S5/06—Supplying batteries to, or removing batteries from, vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G1/00—Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines
    • B65G1/02—Storage devices
    • B65G1/04—Storage devices mechanical
    • B65G1/06—Storage devices mechanical with means for presenting articles for removal at predetermined position or level
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F7/00—Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts
    • B66F7/28—Constructional details, e.g. end stops, pivoting supporting members, sliding runners adjustable to load dimensions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/441—Methods for charging or discharging for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/627—Stationary installations, e.g. power plant buffering or backup power supplies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/251—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for stationary devices, e.g. power plant buffering or backup power supplies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • H01M50/264—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks for cells or batteries, e.g. straps, tie rods or peripheral frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/269—Mechanical means for varying the arrangement of batteries or cells for different uses, e.g. for changing the number of batteries or for switching between series and parallel wiring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/289—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs
    • H01M50/291—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by spacing elements or positioning means within frames, racks or packs characterised by their shape
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/10—Batteries in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of new energy vehicle charging and replacing technology; in particular, the invention relates to a battery storage rack, and further relates to a new energy vehicle switching station.
  • New energy vehicle battery replacement technology and systems are a solution for the rapid replenishment of new energy vehicles.
  • the research and industrial development of new energy vehicle charging and replacing facilities is very rapid, and the power station project is accelerating.
  • the power battery of the new energy vehicle is removed by replacing the electric equipment or tools, and another set of power batteries is immediately replaced.
  • the new energy vehicle power station can realize battery quick change for new energy vehicles and alleviate users' anxiety about mileage.
  • problems such as large construction area, high system cost, and complicated power exchange technology.
  • how to quickly change power and reliably change power is a difficult and key core technology for universal power exchange technology and commercial operation.
  • a first aspect of the invention provides a battery storage rack, wherein the battery storage rack has:
  • More than one location for storing a battery the locations being stacked in the frame structure
  • a battery delivery device is provided with at least one of the storage locations, the battery delivery device being adapted to transfer a battery docked into a corresponding location to a desired storage location.
  • the number of locations is expandable.
  • the battery delivery device comprises a conveyor belt, a conveyor chain or a conveyor roller.
  • a surface of the battery transport device adapted to be in contact with the battery is formed with a damper portion arranged in the direction of the transfer.
  • a battery positioning device is disposed in the at least one location.
  • the battery positioning device is a positioning pin, a positioning rail or a positioning block.
  • a battery cooling device is disposed below the battery storage rack.
  • a plugging device is provided at the at least one storage location, the plugging device comprising an electrical connector and/or a water connector.
  • the battery storage rack has an adjustable foot support.
  • a second aspect of the invention provides a new energy vehicle power station, wherein the new energy vehicle power station is provided with the battery storage rack according to any of the preceding first aspects.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of a battery storage rack in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a front elevational view of a battery location in the battery storage rack of Figure 1;
  • FIG 3 is a perspective view of the battery delivery device in the battery storage rack of Figure 1;
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of the conveyor belt of the battery delivery device of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a foot applied to a battery storage rack in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of a battery storage rack in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the battery storage rack 100 can have a frame structure 110 in which a storage location 120 with a battery delivery device 130 is disposed.
  • the frame structure can adopt aluminum profile or steel structure, and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and convenient processing.
  • the battery storage rack of the embodiment of FIG. 1 is fully functional, and since the storage location 120 and the battery delivery device 130 at the location are provided, the storage of the battery of the replacement power station and the position transfer or adjustment of the battery in the storage location can be satisfied.
  • the frame structure 110 of the battery storage rack 100 can have more than one location 120 for storing the battery 200.
  • the battery 200 in the stored state is shown by way of example only in one of the locations. These locations 120 may be stacked in a battery storage rack and, in alternative embodiments, may be at different heights.
  • the embodiment has a compact space. Due to the basic characteristics of the battery, the battery tiling will greatly reduce the utilization rate of the ground resources, so that the stacked manner can ensure the battery transportation space and effectively leave space for the battery to be inserted and removed.
  • the device implements the function.
  • the battery storage rack 100 can also have a battery delivery device 130.
  • a battery delivery device can be provided in each location, the battery delivery device being adapted to transfer or adjust the battery docked in the corresponding location to a desired storage location.
  • the battery delivery device may also be disposed in only at least one location to enable the battery to transfer or adjust the position in the corresponding location to meet the location requirements of battery storage and charging. After the battery transfer or position adjustment is completed, the battery can be fixed in place at the storage location in the location for storage and/or charging, cooling, and the like.
  • the battery conveying device can be driven by a motor to drive a conveyor belt, a conveyor chain or a roller.
  • a motor to drive a conveyor belt, a conveyor chain or a roller.
  • two conveyor chains or conveyor belts 131 may be utilized in alternative embodiments.
  • the number of locations 120 for storing batteries is expandable, such as, but not limited to, extending in a vertical, lateral, etc. direction.
  • the smallest scalable unit in the battery bay is a battery location.
  • the amount of expansion of the storage space on the battery storage rack in the vertical direction is mainly determined by the overall height of the power station, the height of the battery storage rack, and the travel of other battery docking devices.
  • three locations are optionally provided; in the case of expansion, additional locations may be placed over the battery bay.
  • the battery storage rack itself can also be expanded. With a compact and scalable design, the battery storage rack can be expanded or combined to suit the needs of different application scenarios. Regarding the expandability of the battery storage rack, it can be stacked not only in the height direction but also in the horizontal side. For example, the battery storage rack can be configured on either side of other battery docking devices (eg, elevators) or on one side. By extending the battery storage rack in the horizontal direction, it is possible to increase the overall power-changing capability of the new energy vehicle power-changing station and the entire power storage capacity; by increasing the number of battery storage racks, the power-changing station can be better served.
  • other battery docking devices eg, elevators
  • the battery storage rack described herein is capable of achieving a good expansion in the three-dimensional direction, for example, by vertically stacking a battery location (minimum unit), or by locating the cooling device 140 (see Figure 1). Transforming into a storage space to realize the expansion of the storage space in a single battery rack; horizontally expanding in the front, rear or left and right direction; mirroring the battery storage rack in the horizontal direction, with lateral movement, side shifting and lifting function in the middle The lift can be extended in the corresponding direction.
  • a battery cooling device 140 may be disposed below the battery storage rack 100.
  • the battery cooling device can be provided as a water cooling system that can be optionally placed below the storage space to effect heat exchange during rapid battery charging.
  • the water cooling system here can be optional. If it is not equipped with water cooling, you can set the space of the battery cooling device to the battery storage location and add one layer.
  • the battery compartment may include a frame structure 110, a battery delivery device 130, and a battery positioning device 150.
  • the battery location can also have a plug device 160.
  • a battery positioning device 150 may be disposed in the location of the battery storage rack 100 to enable positioning of the battery in the location.
  • the battery positioning device can be in the form of a locating pin that mates with a locating hole in the battery.
  • positioning rails, positioning blocks, and the like may also be employed as the battery positioning device.
  • the battery positioning device can have a lead angle to facilitate guiding the docking battery.
  • Positioning holes can be pre-positioned on the battery.
  • the aforementioned positioning pin can be disposed directly above the positioning hole on the corresponding battery, so that the battery charging positioning can be realized by using the positioning hole on the battery, thereby realizing the transportation and positioning of the battery between the storage racks. And charging and plugging.
  • the actuator can push the positioning pin into the positioning hole to complete further positioning, to achieve battery fixing and prevent the battery from falling.
  • the battery may also be provided with a corresponding mating structure, such as but not limited to a positioning groove or the like.
  • the battery positioning device facilitates insertion and removal of a plugging device such as an electrical connector/water connector on a battery to facilitate efficient charging and water cooling cycles. By completing the plugging and unplugging of the battery's electrical and water connections, it is possible to achieve cooling during charging and battery charging.
  • a plugging device such as an electrical connector/water connector on a battery
  • FIG. 1 and 2 Also shown in Figures 1 and 2 are electronic devices such as sensor 170.
  • the sensor 170 can be used to sense if the battery is in place.
  • the battery storage rack can adopt a single-sided cantilever structure, and the arrangement positions of electronic components such as sensors are convenient for operation and maintenance of the equipment.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the battery delivery device in the battery storage rack of FIG. 1.
  • 4 is a perspective view of the conveyor belt of the battery delivery device of FIG. 3.
  • the battery delivery device is a conveyor belt. It can be understood that in other optional embodiments, the battery delivery device can also be selected as a conveyor belt, a conveyor chain or a conveyor roller, etc., and can be transported by the motor to realize battery transportation and storage support.
  • the battery delivery device has a synchronized conveyor belt 131, the synchronization of which is achieved by the drive shaft 132, which is placed adjacent the ends of the drive shaft, respectively.
  • the conveyor belt 131 can be driven by a motor 133.
  • the conveying surface of the conveyor belt 131 adapted to be in contact with the battery is provided with a damper portion 134 arranged in the direction of conveyance.
  • the damper portion is exemplified by a tooth shape; other embossed pattern shapes may also be employed in alternative embodiments.
  • the contact area of the battery and the conveyor belt in the direction of positioning can be reduced, that is, the friction force, and the surface friction force of the battery and the conveyor belt is increased in the battery transmission direction, so as to improve the transportation efficiency of the battery in the position and prevent Slip and ensure the reliability of the battery when it is positioned on the battery storage rack.
  • a similar damper can also be provided in the case of a conveyor chain or roller.
  • the motor 133 can drive the conveyor belt to transfer the battery from the elevator or other docking device to the storage space of the battery rack for charging and replenishing, and can realize the position transfer or adjustment of the battery in the storage position.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic illustration of a foot applied to a battery storage rack in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the foot that is, the foot support 180 can be adjustable; thus, the battery storage rack of this aspect of the present invention is designed with transportability in mind, and the separation surface is designed by a reasonable structure, so that the battery storage rack can be easily assembled, and a single transport Convenient or use overall transportation.
  • the use of coordinated foot support can compensate for the problem of uneven grounding of various sites in the site selection of the substation, and avoid the foundation foundation construction of the site. As shown in FIG. 5, according to the design of the foot support, it can be fixed by anchor bolts or by a connecting plate, so that the overall battery storage rack does not cause problems such as tilting, deflection, and the like.
  • Another aspect of the present invention provides a new energy vehicle power station provided with a battery storage rack as described in any of the alternative embodiments or examples described above. It can be understood that the corresponding new energy vehicle power station will have at least the advantages corresponding to the foregoing battery storage rack, such as, but not limited to, compact, expandable, infrastructure-free, maintainability, etc., and use a mechanism to minimize the movement of the mechanism, reasonably Allocating and controlling the manufacturing tolerances of components can effectively control costs.
  • the battery storage rack and the new energy vehicle power station of the present application at least solve the problem that the battery is quickly transported to the battery storage rack after the battery is reliably and quickly replaced, and the battery is recharged, and the fully charged battery is transported to the corresponding battery. Position for quick battery installation and quick power change.
  • the battery storage rack is a tool and a place for charging and transporting the power battery of the new energy vehicle.
  • the battery is stored and transported to meet the requirements of safety, compactness, scalability, and speed.
  • the battery storage rack can be quickly transformed into a battery rack for energy storage, which can meet the following requirements: (1) complete functions, stable and reliable operation, compact structure; (2) convenient transportation and low cost , free of foundation or site-based construction; (3) scalable, through the design of modular small units, can make full use of resources, optimize configuration, make equipment integration, equipment space is compact.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种电池存储架及新能源汽车换电站，所述电池存储架（100）具有：框架结构（110）；多于一个用于存放电池（200）的库位（120），所述库位（120）叠置地位于所述框架结构（110）中；电池输送装置（130），在至少一个库位（120）中设置有所述电池输送装置（130），所述电池输送装置（130）适于将泊接到相应的库位（120）中的电池（200）转移到期望的存储位置处。由此可减小换电站建设面积，实现快速、可靠换电。

Description

电池存储架及新能源汽车换电站 技术领域
本发明涉及新能源汽车充换电技术领域；具体地说，本发明涉及一种电池存储架，并进一步涉及一种新能源汽车换电站。
背景技术
换电是新能源汽车的快速补能方式之一。新能源汽车电池更换技术和系统是新能源汽车快速补能的一种解决方案。
目前，新能源汽车充换电设施技术研究及产业发展十分迅速，换电站项目正在建设加速。在新能源汽车换电站中，通过换电设备或者工具将新能源汽车的动力电池取下、并立即更换另一组动力电池。
新能源汽车换电站可以为新能源汽车实现电池快换，缓解用户对里程的焦虑。但存在建设面积偏大、系统成本偏高、换电技术复杂等问题。另一方面，如何快速换电和可靠换电是普及换电技术和商业运作大体量换电的难点和关键核心技术。
发明内容
本发明的一个方面的目的是提供一种改进的电池存储架。
进一步地，本发明的另一方面的目的是提供一种改进的新能源汽车换电站。
为了实现前述目的，本发明的第一方面提供了一种电池存储架，其中，所述电池存储架具有：
框架结构；
多于一个用于存放电池的库位，所述库位叠置地位于所述框架结构中；
电池输送装置，在至少一个库位中设置有所述电池输送装置，所述电池输送装置适于将泊接到相应的库位中的电池转移到期望的存储位置处。
可选地，在如前所述的电池存储架中，所述库位的数量是能够扩展的。
可选地，在如前所述的电池存储架中，所述电池输送装置包括输送带、输送链或输送辊筒。
可选地，在如前所述的电池存储架中，所述电池输送装置的适于与所述电池接触的表面上形成有沿所述转移的方向排列的阻尼部。
可选地，在如前所述的电池存储架中，所述至少一个库位中设置有电池定位装置。
可选地，在如前所述的电池存储架中，所述电池定位装置为定位销、定位导轨或定位块。
可选地，在如前所述的电池存储架中，在所述电池存储架的下方布置有电池冷却装置。
可选地，在如前所述的电池存储架中，在所述至少一个库位处设置有插拔装置，所述插拔装置包括电接头和/或水接头。
可选地，在如前所述的电池存储架中，所述电池存储架具有可调节的地脚支撑。
为了实现前述目的，本发明的第二方面提供了一种新能源汽车换电站，其中，所述新能源汽车换电站中设置有如前述第一方面中任一项所述的电池存储架。
附图说明
参照附图，本发明的公开内容将更加显然。应当了解，这些附图仅仅用于说明的目的，而并非意在对本发明的保护范围构成限制。图中：
图1是根据本发明的一个实施方式的电池存储架的前视示意图；
图2是图1中的电池存储架中的一个电池库位的前视示意图；
图3是图1中的电池存储架中的电池输送装置的立体示意图；
图4是图3中的电池输送装置的输送带的立体示意图；以及
图5是应用于根据本发明的一个实施方式中的电池存储架的地脚的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图详细地说明本发明的具体实施方式。在各附图中，相同的附图标记表示相同或相应的技术特征。
图1是根据本发明的一个实施方式的电池存储架的前视示意图。
如图中所示，该电池存储架100可以具有框架结构110，框架结构110内设置有带电池输送装置130的库位120。该框架结构可以采用铝型材或者钢结构，结构简单、成本低、加工方便。
图1中的实施方式的电池存储架功能齐全，由于设置有库位120和库位处的电池输送装置130，所以能满足换电站电池的存储，以及电池在库位中的位置转移或调整。
该电池存储架100的框架结构110内可以具有多于一个用于存放电池200的库位120。图中仅示例性地在其中一个库位中示出了处于存放状态的电池200。这些库位120可以叠置地位于电池存储架中，并且，在可选的实施方式中可以处于不同高度处。该实施方式空间紧凑，由于电池的基本特性，电池平铺会使得地面资源的利用率大大下降，故采用叠置的方式，既能保证电池运送空间又能有效地留出空间给电池的插拔装置实现功能。
该电池存储架100还可以具有电池输送装置130。如图中所示，在该实施方式中可以在每个库位中均设置有电池输送装置，电池输送装置适于将泊接到相应的库位中的电池转移 或调整到期望的存储位置处。在可选的实施方式中，也可以仅在至少一个库位中设置电池输送装置，实现电池在相应库位中转移或调整位置以满足电池存储及充电等的位置要求。在完成电池的转移或位置调整后，在库位中的存储位置处，可以将电池固定在位，进行存储和/或充电、冷却等。
为了保证运输稳定、结构紧凑，电池输送装置可以由电机带动输送带、输送链或者辊筒完成。参考图3，在可选的实施方式中可以选用两条输送链或输送带131。在使用输送链或辊筒时，也可以根据需要布置适当的排列方向和间距。
用于存放电池的库位120的数量是能够扩展的，例如但不限于可以沿竖向、侧向等方向扩展。电池存储架中最小可扩展单位是一个电池库位。电池存储架上库位沿竖向的扩展数量主要由换电站整体高度、电池存储架高度及其它电池泊接装置的行程决定。在图示实施方式中，可选地设置有三个库位；在扩展的情况下，可以在电池存储架的上方叠置另外的库位。
电池存储架本身也可以扩展。通过紧凑型可扩展的设计，电池存储架可以适应不同的应用场景的需求扩展或者组合。关于电池存储架的可扩展性，其不仅可以在高度方向上堆积并且也可以在水平侧向上扩展。例如，电池存储架可在其它电池泊接装置(例如升降机)的两边配置，也可以单边配置。通过在水平方向上扩展电池存储架，可以增加新能源汽车换电站的整个换电能力和整个电能存储的能力；通过增加电池存储架的数量可以更好地服务于换电站。
在实践中，对于新能源汽车换电站而言，电池存储架的上述的这种可扩展性是非常重要的，因为电池存储和运输设备受场地和资源的限制使得设备能否柔性化配置变得至关重要。此处所描述的电池存储架能够很好地实现在三维空间方向上扩展的需求，例如，通过对一个电池库位(最小单元)的竖向叠放，或者将冷却装置140的位置(见图1)改造成库位，实现单个电池架中库位的扩展；沿前后或左右方向摆放能够实现水平扩展；在水平方向上镜像摆放电池存储架，中间放置带横移、侧移和升降功能的升降机，可以实现相应方向上的扩展。
如图中所示，在电池存储架100的下方可以布置有电池冷却装置140。该电池冷却装置可以提供为水冷系统，其可以选择布置在库位下方，实现在电池快充时的热交换。此处的水冷系统可以为选配的。如果不配水冷，则可以把电池冷却装置的空间也设置成电池库位，增加一层。
图2是图1中的电池存储架中的一个电池库位的前视示意图。作为电池存储架中最小可扩展单位，电池库位可以包括框架结构110、电池输送装置130、电池定位装置150。 该电池库位还可以具有插拔装置160。电池存储架100的该库位中可以设置有电池定位装置150，以实现电池在库位中的定位。例如，在图示实施方式中，电池定位装置可以呈与电池上的定位孔配合的定位销的形式。在其它的可选实施方式中，也可以采用定位导轨、定位块等作为电池定位装置。为了便于操作，电池定位装置可以具有导角以便于引导泊接电池。
电池上可以预设有定位孔。在库位中电池安装的位置处，前述的定位销可以设置在对应电池上定位孔的正上方，所以可以结合利用电池上的定位孔实现电池充电定位，从而实现电池在存储架间运输、定位和充电插拔。在电池完成转运过程的限位后，执行机构可以推动定位销插入定位孔，完成进一步的定位，实现电池的固定及防止电池跌落。
在采用定位导轨、定位块等的实施方式中，电池上也可以设置有相应的配合结构，例如但不限于定位槽等。
上述电池定位装置有利于电池上例如电接头/水接头等插拔装置的插拔，以利于有效地实现充电和水冷循环。通过完成电池的电接头和水接头的插拔，能够实现充电补能和电池充电过程中的冷却。
图1和图2中还示出了传感器170等电子器件。在可选的实施方式中，该传感器170可用来感测电池是否到位。电池存储架可以采用单边悬臂的结构，传感器等电子器件的布置位置便于设备操作维护检修。
图3是图1中电池存储架中的电池输送装置的立体示意图。图4是图3中的电池输送装置的输送带的立体示意图。
在图示示例中，电池输送装置为输送带。可以理解，在其它可选的实施方式中，电池输送装置也可以选为输送带、输送链或输送辊筒等，由电机带动可以传输电池，实现电池转运和存储支撑。
在图3所示的示例中，电池输送装置具有同步的输送带131，二者的同步通过传动轴132实现，两条输送带分别置于传动轴的两端附近。输送带131可以由电机133驱动。
在图4所示的示例中，输送带131的适于与电池接触的输送表面上设计有沿输送的方向排列的阻尼部134。该阻尼部示例为齿状；在可选的实施方式中也可以采用其它凹凸图案形状。通过采用类似的设计，可以减少电池与输送带在定位时调整方向的接触面积，即摩擦力，在电池传输方向上增大电池与输送带等表面摩擦力，以提高电池在仓位运输效率，防止打滑、保证电池在电池存储架上定位时的可靠性。在采用输送链或辊筒的情况下也可以设置有类似的阻尼部。
如图3和图4所示，电机133可以带动输送带将电池从升降机或其它泊接装置传送到电池架的库位中进行充电补能，并且能够实现电池在库位中的位置转移或调整。
图5是应用于根据本发明的一个实施方式中的电池存储架的地脚的示意图。
该地脚即地脚支撑180可以为可调节的；这样，本发明中该方面的电池存储架设计时考虑了可运输性，通过合理的结构设计分离面，使得电池存储架装配方便，单个运输方便抑或采用整体运输。采用可协调的地脚支撑，可以补偿换电站选址各种场地地基倾斜不平等问题，免去场地基础地基建设。如图5中所示，根据地脚支撑的设计，既可以通过地脚螺栓固定也可通过连接板固定，使得整体电池存储架不会产生倾斜，偏转等问题。
本发明的另一方面提供了一种设置有如前述任一可选实施方式或示例中所述的电池存储架的新能源汽车换电站。可以了解，相应的新能源汽车换电站将至少具有与前述电池存储架相应的优点，例如但不限于紧凑、可扩展、免基建、维护性好等，并且采用尽量减少机构执行运动单元，合理地分配和控制零部件的制造容差，能够有效地控制成本。
本申请的电池存储架及新能源汽车换电站，至少解决了电池从车辆可靠快速换电之后电池快速运输到电池存储架上并实施电池补能充电，并将补满电的电池运输到相应的位置以便电池进行快速安装，实现快速换电问题。
电池存储架是为新能源汽车的动力电池充电和运输存储的工具和场所，其将换下来的电池进行存储、运输，满足安全、紧凑、可扩展、迅速等要求。除了可应用在新能源汽车换电站，电池存储架还能够快速改造成储能用电池架，能够满足以下需求：(1)功能齐全，运行稳定可靠，结构紧凑；(2)运输方便，成本低，免基础或者场地基建设；(3)可扩展，通过模块化小单元的设计思路，能够充分利用资源，优化配置，使得设备集成化好，设备空间紧凑。
本发明的技术范围不仅仅局限于上述说明中的内容，本领域技术人员可以在不脱离本发明技术思想的前提下，对上述实施方式进行多种变形和修改，而这些变形和修改均应当属于本发明的范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池存储架，其特征在于，所述电池存储架具有：
    框架结构；
    多于一个用于存放电池的库位，所述库位叠置地位于所述框架结构中；
    电池输送装置，在至少一个库位中设置有所述电池输送装置，所述电池输送装置适于将泊接到相应的库位中的电池转移到期望的存储位置处。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电池存储架，其中，所述库位的数量是能够扩展的。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的电池存储架，其中，所述电池输送装置包括输送带、输送链或输送辊筒。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电池存储架，其中，所述电池输送装置的适于与所述电池接触的表面上形成有沿所述转移的方向排列的阻尼部。
  5. 如权利要求1或2所述的电池存储架，其中，所述至少一个库位中设置有电池定位装置。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的电池存储架，其中，所述电池定位装置为定位销、定位导轨或定位块。
  7. 如权利要求1或2所述的电池存储架，其中，在所述电池存储架的下方布置有电池冷却装置。
  8. 如权利要求1或2所述的电池存储架，其中，在所述至少一个库位处设置有插拔装置，所述插拔装置包括电接头和/或水接头。
  9. 如权利要求1或2所述的电池存储架，其中，所述电池存储架具有可调节的地脚支撑。
  10. 一种新能源汽车换电站，其特征在于，所述新能源汽车换电站中设置有如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的电池存储架。
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