WO2019161852A2 - Procédé destiné à faire fonctionner un moteur à combustion interne, système de mise en œuvre du procédé et dispositif de production d'une émulsion - Google Patents

Procédé destiné à faire fonctionner un moteur à combustion interne, système de mise en œuvre du procédé et dispositif de production d'une émulsion Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019161852A2
WO2019161852A2 PCT/DE2019/100172 DE2019100172W WO2019161852A2 WO 2019161852 A2 WO2019161852 A2 WO 2019161852A2 DE 2019100172 W DE2019100172 W DE 2019100172W WO 2019161852 A2 WO2019161852 A2 WO 2019161852A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
emulsion
mixing stage
channel
magnet
fluids
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2019/100172
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2019161852A3 (fr
Inventor
Kurt KMITTA
Adelheid Holzmann
Original Assignee
Kmitta Kurt
Adelheid Holzmann
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kmitta Kurt, Adelheid Holzmann filed Critical Kmitta Kurt
Publication of WO2019161852A2 publication Critical patent/WO2019161852A2/fr
Publication of WO2019161852A3 publication Critical patent/WO2019161852A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F31/00—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms
    • B01F31/44—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms with stirrers performing an oscillatory, vibratory or shaking movement
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/0228—Adding fuel and water emulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
    • B01F23/41—Emulsifying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
    • B01F23/41—Emulsifying
    • B01F23/411—Emulsifying using electrical or magnetic fields, heat or vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/421—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions by moving the components in a convoluted or labyrinthine path
    • B01F25/423—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions by moving the components in a convoluted or labyrinthine path by means of elements placed in the receptacle for moving or guiding the components
    • B01F25/4231—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions by moving the components in a convoluted or labyrinthine path by means of elements placed in the receptacle for moving or guiding the components using baffles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/421—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions by moving the components in a convoluted or labyrinthine path
    • B01F25/423—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions by moving the components in a convoluted or labyrinthine path by means of elements placed in the receptacle for moving or guiding the components
    • B01F25/4233—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions by moving the components in a convoluted or labyrinthine path by means of elements placed in the receptacle for moving or guiding the components using plates with holes, the holes being displaced from one plate to the next one to force the flow to make a bending movement
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4313—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor comprising a plurality of stacked ducts having their axes parallel to the tube axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4314—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor with helical baffles
    • B01F25/43141—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor with helical baffles composed of consecutive sections of helical formed elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/43197—Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor characterised by the mounting of the baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/431971—Mounted on the wall
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/432—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction with means for dividing the material flow into separate sub-flows and for repositioning and recombining these sub-flows; Cross-mixing, e.g. conducting the outer layer of the material nearer to the axis of the tube or vice-versa
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
    • B01F25/4331—Mixers with bended, curved, coiled, wounded mixing tubes or comprising elements for bending the flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/435—Mixing tubes composed of concentric tubular members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/45—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads
    • B01F25/452—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces
    • B01F25/4521—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces the components being pressed through orifices in elements, e.g. flat plates or cylinders, which obstruct the whole diameter of the tube
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/50—Pipe mixers, i.e. mixers wherein the materials to be mixed flow continuously through pipes, e.g. column mixers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/55—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers driven by the moving material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
    • B01F27/60—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis
    • B01F27/70—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms
    • B01F27/701—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms comprising two or more shafts, e.g. in consecutive mixing chambers
    • B01F27/703—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis with paddles, blades or arms comprising two or more shafts, e.g. in consecutive mixing chambers with stirrers rotating at different speeds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F31/00—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms
    • B01F31/44—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms with stirrers performing an oscillatory, vibratory or shaking movement
    • B01F31/449—Stirrers constructions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F31/00—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms
    • B01F31/57—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms for material continuously moving therethrough
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F31/00—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms
    • B01F31/80—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations
    • B01F31/81—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations by vibrations generated inside a mixing device not coming from an external drive, e.g. by the flow of material causing a knife to vibrate or by vibrating nozzles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F31/00—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms
    • B01F31/80—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations
    • B01F31/84—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations for material continuously moving through a tube, e.g. by deforming the tube
    • B01F31/841—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations for material continuously moving through a tube, e.g. by deforming the tube with a vibrating element inside the tube
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/05—Mixers using radiation, e.g. magnetic fields or microwaves to mix the material
    • B01F33/053—Mixers using radiation, e.g. magnetic fields or microwaves to mix the material the energy being magnetic or electromagnetic energy, radiation working on the ingredients or compositions for or during mixing them
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/25—Mixers with loose mixing elements, e.g. loose balls in a receptacle
    • B01F33/251—Mixers with loose mixing elements, e.g. loose balls in a receptacle using balls as loose mixing element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K5/02—Liquid fuel
    • F23K5/08—Preparation of fuel
    • F23K5/10—Mixing with other fluids
    • F23K5/12—Preparing emulsions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine, an arrangement for carrying out the method for operating a
  • Internal combustion engine and an apparatus for producing an emulsion for example a fuel emulsion or a cream emulsion.
  • an emulsion is a finely divided mixture of two immiscible liquids without visible segregation.
  • one of the liquids also referred to as a liquid phase or only briefly referred to as a phase
  • small droplets which are distributed in the other liquid or phase.
  • the phase which forms the droplets is called the inner phase or the disperse phase, while the phase in which the droplets float is called the outer phase or continuous phase.
  • Emulsions of water and oil can be water-in-oil or oil-in-water emulsions, according to which of the liquids forms the disperse phase or continuous phase.
  • microemulsions are contrary to
  • Emulsions thermodynamically stable systems They have the advantage that they form spontaneously and require no energy expenditure, as is necessary in the preparation of emulsions for the breakdown of the internal phase.
  • surfactants are absolutely necessary. Only by using a very high level of surfactants of about 13% at about 8% water and above 20% surfactants at, for example, 24% water does the microemulsion remain stable even after prolonged storage, while normal emulsions tend to break, i. to the confluence of the individual components of the phases. In all these considerations must be taken into account that
  • Microemulsion structures are subject to a strong dynamics, which leads to constant formation and degradation processes of the structures.
  • the surfactant requirement for producing a temperature-invariable, storable microemulsion increases.
  • three layers form, namely a layer of fluid A, an intermediate layer comprising surfactants, fluid A droplets and fluid B droplets and a layer of fluid B.
  • the size of the intermediate layer is determined by the Amount of surfactants determined.
  • a disadvantage of microemulsions is that a high proportion of surfactants is required for storability. There is also a significant disadvantage in terms of cost, since surfactants are expensive.
  • Distinguishing criterion of micro- and macroemulsion is, inter alia, the
  • Macroemulsion is a white emulsion that is self-thickening. Furthermore, the
  • the CN1088473 A describes a multi-stage arrangement for the preparation of an emulsion, wherein successively the fluids stage a jet mixing stage, a turbulence stage and an ultrasonic and go through a magnetic stage and get into a storage tank. In addition, a circulation is provided.
  • EP 0 022 442 B1 discloses a device for the production of emulsions, wherein in a tube an insert, for example made of steel metal, is floated or metal chips are arranged, through which the fluids are pumped. Steel wool is not considered suitable.
  • DE 601 15 932 T2 discloses a mixer for producing an emulsion of discrete bars which have a triangular, curved, parallelogram-like, teardrop-shaped or elliptical cross-section and are arranged parallel and / or in a plane.
  • mixers include steel wool, but this is disadvantageous in that wires can break and run. It also exists
  • Steel wool has the problem that it has no fixed geometry and density, and thus the use leads to variations in the accuracy of the mixing process.
  • the CN 2202582 Y describes an emulsifier, ie a device for
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for operating an internal combustion engine by means of an emulsion of two liquids and an arrangement for carrying out the method, which is reliable, simple and inexpensive.
  • the object is to provide a suitable, simple and reliable apparatus for producing the emulsion, wherein the emulsion has a high stability and in which at the same time the use of surfactants is reduced.
  • the emulsions produced by the device according to the invention are stable and milky. This is achieved even without the use of surfactants. This fits the generated
  • the term quantum emulsion was already used by the Max Planck Institute in 2006 in connection with immiscible liquids. According to carrying out the preparation of the emulsion or quantum emulsion, the term emulsifier is used as an alternative designation of the device.
  • emulsifier no or significantly less surfactants of about 1% based on the amount of water must be used, as in known microemulsions to achieve a comparatively long stability of the emulsion.
  • the emulsion produced by the inventive device can be like the
  • Quantum emulsions for example from diesel fuel and water, allow a drastic reduction of the nitrogen oxide emission and the particle emissions of the diesel engine, without adversely affecting further emissions or efficiency.
  • fuel is passed through at least one emulsifier with water to form an emulsion, wherein in the emulsifier the water and the fuel immiscible with water flow through at least one mixing stage and as often as possible and for so long are moved as possible and / or mixed with each other, that the emulsion is formed.
  • the emulsion formed is fed to the internal combustion engine and injected into at least one combustion chamber in a manner known per se, wherein a circulation of excess emulsion takes place.
  • a preheating of the emulsion takes place, whereby the viscosity of the emulsion is reduced, which promotes the injection into the internal combustion engine.
  • the circuit is continuously removed the required amount of emulsion and
  • the preheating is carried out with an arrangement for carrying out the method, wherein an emulsion preheating stage is present.
  • the emulsion preheating stage is arranged before, in or after the at least one emulsifier, ie a device for producing an emulsion.
  • Under an arrangement of the emulsion preheating stage after the emulsifier is also an arrangement of the emulsion preheating stage before the respective
  • Injection arrangement of the internal combustion engine understood.
  • a motor or CHP is understood.
  • the inventive device also referred to as an emulsifier for producing an emulsion, comprises a housing, tube or channel in which at least one mixing stage is present, in which magnetizable metal permanent chips on which acts at least one magnet and / or glass granules or mineral granules is arranged as a bed ,
  • the metal filings and the glass granules or the mineral granules can assume different shapes and cross sections, so that a ball, bundle, wound or ball formed therefrom or with metal filing chips and / or a bed formed therefrom offers a disordered and static structure which permitting intensive mixing of the fluids by passing the two inherently immiscible fluids or a mixture of the two immiscible fluids through the interstices of accumulation or disposition of the metaldefin chips and passing the at least one magnet as a primary magnet and / or through the interstices of the fluid Glass granules or mineral granules are passed.
  • the magnets may in this case be arranged in the housing, pipe or channel and on the metal end chips, ie of the two immiscible fluids or a mixture of the two immiscible fluids at least partially flow around, or outside of the housing, pipe or channel in the area the metal permanent chips are arranged.
  • the large number of possible paths, branches and sometimes narrow structures of the interspaces allow the two fluids or the mixture of the two fluids to be movable under droplet formation and mixed to form an emulsion.
  • metallic-magnetic impurities can be trapped from the emulsion. Even broken off components of the metal end chips can thus be intercepted and removed or removed from the circulation or from the further process.
  • the glass granules or mineral granules can also be arranged in tubes arranged in the housing in parallel. These may be arranged parallel and / or in series.
  • a mixing stage the two fluids or the mixture of the two fluids flow at high speed through at least one mixing stage, comprising at least one magnet as primary magnet and Metallendloss Georgne and / or comprising glass granules or mineral granules, which thus has a structure for mixing the fluids in the form of Obstacles, ramifications, merges, branches, changes of direction and / or constrictions as well as edges and / or flanks offers.
  • Turbulence resulting from stalling, by shear flows and / or by cavitation and the associated movement of each fluid or the two fluids or the mixture of the two fluids form droplets or the droplet size of already formed droplets further reduced and the droplets further mixed and thus the emulsion is formed as a quantum emulsion.
  • the emulsion Due to the fine droplet size in the micrometer range, the emulsion remains thermodynamically stable for at least half a year, or it does not separate out.
  • Liquids or is a fluid mixture for example, from fuel in the form of diesel or gasoline or, for example, cosmetically usable oils and water over one or more mixing stages, which are cascaded in more than one mixing step used in succession, homogenized, so it is an emulsion or quantum emulsion produced ,
  • the device according to the invention which comprises the mixing stage or mixing stages, is referred to as emulsifier.
  • the emulsifiers or the mixing stages can be individually independently of each other, parallel to each other or cascaded one after another. , Thus, the mixing stages can be combined in any way and any number. It can thus be one-stage, two-stage, three-stage or four-stage and beyond multi-stage emulsifiers.
  • the already stable emulsion is further stabilized. Furthermore, the formation and durability of the emulsion is favored. In addition, combustion is favored especially for fuels and soot and
  • the surfactant requirement is between 0.1 to 1% or else may be more than 5% to 20%.
  • the respective not mentioned intermediate values within the named ranges are included in each case.
  • the circulation of excess emulsion is conducted upstream of the at least one emulsifier or between two emulsifiers or into an emulsion tank. This ensures that the emulsion is constantly mixed again and at the same time new fuel and new water are included and mixed with the emulsion and adapted to the existing emulsion.
  • the fluid mixture can be pumped past the obstacles either once or several times in a cycle through a channel.
  • Quantum emulsion also flows through the mixing stage as needed and during production or in a circulation.
  • the circuit is continuously removed the required amount of emulsion and at the same time again added the same amount of fluid mixture by the
  • the glass granules or the mineral granules have a preferred
  • Grain size between 2 to 4 mm.
  • other suitable granules with sharp or pronounced break edges are also suitable. In this case, however, to pay attention to the grain size, because too large grain sizes do not optimally ensure mixing and lead to small particle sizes to increased flow resistance.
  • the at least one mixing stage is divided into individual sections as mixing stage sections as a first, second or following mixing stage.
  • Device according to the invention can be added to the first mixing stage.
  • at least one further mixing stage is present before, after or in the at least one mixing stage as the first, second or subsequent mixing stage or between the individual sections as mixing stage sections. This will improve the
  • These further or further mixing stages are here as cascades that is, arranged in series with the one or more first mixing stages or with the individual sections as mixing stage sections.
  • the first, second, following and the further mixing stages as well as the mixing stage sections can be arranged within the device or within the housing, tube or channel in any desired parallel and / or in any order one after the other.
  • Fluid mixture and / or the emulsion can be pumped either once as needed or several times in a cycle through the mixing stage or mixing stages.
  • the circuit is continuously removed the required amount of emulsion and at the same time again added the same amount of fluid mixture by the starting fluids are added in an appropriate amount and as a corresponding mixture to the circuit and the mixing stages again.
  • the at least one further mixing stage comprises one or unordered
  • a bed for example, in a disordered Verwirbler
  • a granule for example, from a granule.
  • glass granules or other suitable granules having sharp or pronounced break edges are suitable.
  • the channel-like Verwirbler Weg can also be arranged in the housing inside parallel tubes arranged. These tubes may be connected together as a parallel arrangement and / or as a series arrangement so that different long and / or wide mixing stages or mixing stage sections are formed in order to favor the formation of the emulsion.
  • the channel-like Verwirbler founded has, for example, a helical or spiral course with two combined spirals or spiral channels in each case with opposite directions of rotation, similar to a right and a left hand thread, the respective courses of the spirals or spiral channels in the Intersections of the helical or spiral course is interrupted and thus the partial flows collide and / or are deflected and there is turbulence or turbulence.
  • the respective channel-like Verwirbler Design for example, as an obstacle, is stationary or locally movably arranged or housed within a housing or a pipe or a channel or in the tubes. The initiation of the channel-like
  • Verwirbler Design takes place, for example, from the outside and / or by the flow of the two fluids or the mixture of the two fluids and the emulsion as a quantum emulsion. This ensures that the channel-like Verwirbler Design relative to
  • swinging obstacles are arranged in the housing or pipe or channel or in the tubes.
  • the obstacles vibrate, for example, because they are elastic and are excited by the flow in the range of their natural frequency.
  • the obstacles create stalls and additional vibrations due to the vibration.
  • the fluids are mixed thoroughly and form an emulsion.
  • the elastic obstacles consist for example of metal wires and protrude into the fluid channel. Many such obstacles are arranged side by side as well as behind each other. For example, if the channel is rectangular, the elastic obstacles are either mounted on one side or on two opposite sides, with the elastic obstacles of the two sides overlapping or the ends of the elastic obstacles being spaced from one another.
  • a housing or a pipe or a channel as an obstacle as free-rotating rotors are arranged. Due to the rotating obstacles arise
  • the fluid mixture can be pumped past the obstacles either once or several times in a cycle through a channel.
  • the free-rotating rotors are arranged one behind the other in the flow direction.
  • the axis of rotation of the freely rotating rotors can be oriented perpendicular or parallel to the flow direction. The direction of rotation of the flow direction
  • rotors arranged one behind the other can be either the same or alternating. So come as a rotor propeller, impeller, paddle wheels, Savonius rotors into consideration. Rotors with different rotor shapes can also be combined.
  • free-rotating rotors for example, are arranged as stationary and locally movable channel-like turbulator structures within a housing or a pipe, a tube or a channel as an obstacle.
  • the rotating obstacles create turbulence and cavitation
  • Movements also occur within a channel-like swirling structure, if for example from the outside, ie from outside or from the tube, the housing, pipe or channel, for example by means of a motor or by means of an example
  • a cylindrical core with a channel pattern arranged thereon can be arranged as a swirling structure directly in the line, it being possible in this case for the core to be rotatably mounted.
  • the rotational movement can be achieved, for example, from the inside by the flow of the two fluids or the mixture of the two fluids or from the outside by means of a drive.
  • the housing, tube or channel come for a
  • the housing, tube or channel constrictions are further provided through which a fluid or both fluids are pressed individually or as a mixture.
  • fine-pored structures are used, through which the at least one fluid is pressed, which forms small droplets on exiting the fine-pored structure.
  • these droplets can be poured into a passing fluid, which is the outer phase or continuous phase, thus initiating and forming the emulsion.
  • the fluids can be pressed individually, separately or already as a mixture through the fine-pored and / or fine-meshed structures, so that upon exiting the fine-pored structure, the small droplets of both fluids and
  • permeable membranes for example, permeable membranes, fine sieves, compressed powders or shavings, sintered powder, steel wool or organic wool, open-pore foam or sponge and / or open-pored metal casting are suitable as fine-pored or fine-meshed structures.
  • the fine-pored structure can also be realized as a thin plate with micropores or as a filter.
  • a mixture of the fluids is forced through very narrow gaps. Due to the high shear flow, the mixture is homogenized, so that there is a fine emulsion after the gap.
  • the fluid mixture can be pumped once or several times, then at least partially as an emulsion in a circuit through the gap.
  • the respective cross-section of the supply line goes either continuously or abruptly into a thin one
  • the gap is either straight and has in the flow direction an increasing, decreasing or constant length or it is a circular ring with increasing or decreasing or constant diameter in the flow direction.
  • tubular, rod-shaped, plate-shaped, sieve-like or brush-like Verwirbler Modellen come into question, which are used alone or in combination.
  • the obstacles create turbulence and cavitation stalls.
  • the obstacles are rod-shaped and pass through the fluid channel.
  • Staggered rods are parallel to each other and / or skewed.
  • the rod-shaped obstacles can be installed slightly inclined in the flow direction.
  • obstacles can be installed side by side as well as behind one another in parallel or alternately at an angle.
  • rod cut across such as circular, rectangular, diamond-shaped or semi-circular cross sections and cross sections of a flow profile of a triangle. In asymmetric rod cross cut these are rectified or arranged alternately.
  • the housing, tube or channel and the respective channel-like Verwirbler Vietnamese and the walls are advantageously shaped in cross section to interact with the channel-like Verwirbler Quilt also
  • a plurality of wall arrangements for forming channels with frequent changes of direction with corners and turns with a direction reversal of, for example, 180 degrees are present in the tube, the housing, tube or channel as a channel-like swirling structure. Due to these frequent changes in direction, there are constant, partly overlapping turbulences and cavitations. At each corner there is a stall with turbulence and cavitation. Thus, the two fluids are finely mixed until they form an emulsion.
  • edges of the wall assemblies are shaped differently to create the optimal conditions for turbulence.
  • the edges are either unworked, chamfered on one or both sides or provided with an edge plate.
  • the edge in the longitudinal direction for example, curved straight or concave or the edge forms a round hole.
  • the channel-like swirling structure comprises, for example, a channel pattern in the form of grooves in a surface which is defined by a plurality of branches,
  • Merges, branches and / or direction changes and edges and / or flanks has.
  • the surface is at least partially covered, so that the two fluids or the mixture of the two fluids is forced to pass through the channel pattern or to flow through it. The liquid flow bounces on the
  • the respective channel patterns are, for example, in an angular or round housing, tube, channel or tube of the channel-like swirling structure of the other
  • a cross-section adapted, for example, flat or planar channel pattern is arranged in the respective housing, tube or channel and, for example, connected in parallel or in series as a cascade.
  • the inner wall of the tube, housing, tube or channel covers the surface of the individual or the outer
  • Channel pattern off and only the cross section of the channel pattern provides a space for passing the fluids or emulsion.
  • the mixing stage of a device as a channel-like swirling structure can, for example, be accommodated in a corona manner in a tube or conduit.
  • the channel pattern is present on the kernmantel.
  • the surface is covered by the inner wall of the tube or pipe.
  • the mutual mixing of the fluids is promoted by an alignment of the atoms (electron spin).
  • the at least one magnet is enclosed at least partially by the metal-end chips and / or arranged on the inner wall of the housing, pipe or channel, the influence of the magnet on the entire arrangement of the magnet increases Metal dandelion chips in the mixing stage. In addition, any dissolved or broken Metallendloss fondne be intercepted or retained.
  • the at least one magnet and the metal permanent chips are alternately arranged alternately in the flow direction, so that in the mixing stage one or more magnets are followed by an area with metal permanent chips followed by one or more magnets and so on.
  • more than one magnet for example, they are arranged transversely to the flow direction in a plane, for example at a uniform spacing within the plane.
  • the position of the magnetic fields is spatially static or dynamic.
  • the magnetic field strength can be fixed as needed, ie set statically or as needed, dynamically adapt.
  • a homogeneous or an alternating magnetic field can be generated depending on the arrangement and control of the electromagnet.
  • the magnets can be arranged with respect to the polarity so that, for example, each poles of the same name are aligned with each other.
  • the poles of the magnets for example, aligned so that the same name poles face each other. This is for permanent magnets and electromagnets
  • the magnets rotate inside or outside of the housing, the pipe or the channel, while the iron core, formed by the Metallendloss Georgne inside the housing, pipe or channel remains static.
  • the direction of rotation of, for example, magnetic rings can be rectified or opposite. So it is also envisaged that, as needed, the individual magnets rotate in place.
  • the magnets are advantageously realized by means of permanent magnets or electromagnets.
  • the inner surfaces of the further mixing stage are provided with a surface structure which causes turbulence, by which the formation of the emulsion is promoted.
  • the position of the bed or the position of the channel-like Verwirbler Vietnamese is set within the mixing stage and / or further mixing stage in the flow direction by means of metal permanent chips, thereby avoiding that parts of the glass granules or mineral granules get into the circulation. In addition, this also favors an additional mixing of the fluids and thus the formation of the emulsion.
  • the position of the glass granules or the mineral granules can be determined by means of a fixing or a cutting disc or also by means of metal permanent chips.
  • the disordered vortex structure preferably comprises
  • Metal end-use chips which thus provide a disordered and static structure for mixing the fluids in the form of obstacles, ramifications, merges, branches, changes of direction and / or constrictions as well as edges and / or flanks.
  • the emulsifier On the input side of the emulsifier there is a pump, which pumps the two fluids or their mixture into the mixing phase. In addition, it is also provided as needed, that a pump is present on the output side of the emulsifier, which sucks the emulsion from the respective mixing phase.
  • the emulsifier comprises the pump integrally. If there is more than one mixing stage or if the mixing stages are divided into
  • Emulsifier in sections the pump can also be between these mixing stages or
  • the emulsifier may inject an emulsion of fuel, water and other components into the combustion chamber of an engine, engine or heater. Because the emulsion is thermodynamically stable, it can also be filled into a tank where it is stored until use. The tank can be part of the internal combustion engine or independent of it.
  • emulsifier can be further creams of oils, water and more
  • 1a is a sectional view through an emulsifier with two mixing stage sections and further parallel mixing stages with a bed
  • Fig. Lb is the sectional view with a mixing stage with glass granules and with
  • FIG. 2a shows a sectional view through an emulsifier with two mixing stage sections and further parallel mixing stages with a channel-like swirling structure
  • FIG. 2 b is a sectional view through an emulsifier with three cascaded mixing stages with glass granules and with metal filings and magnets, FIG.
  • FIG. 3 shows the sectional view through an emulsifier with a mixing stage with a plurality of mixing stage sections
  • 4a is a sectional view through an emulsifier with further mixing stages before a mixing stage
  • 4b is a sectional view through an emulsifier with further mixing stages after a mixing stage
  • 4c is a sectional view through an emulsifier with further mixing stages between two mixing stage
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view through a magnet arrangement in a housing of an emulsifier
  • FIG. 6 is a sectional view through a separating disk for a milk stage in a housing of an emulsifier
  • FIGS. 10 to 22 show various designs for a channel-like swirling structure
  • FIGS. 23 and 24 show a sectional view through an internal surface with different surface structures.
  • Fig. La shows an emulsifier erfmdungswashe apparatus for producing an emulsion, wherein in a housing 1 as a tube 1, two mixing stages 2 are present, each comprising magnetizable metal permanent chips 3 and two or more magnets 4 as primary magnets 6, through which two Immiscible fluids or a mixture of two immiscible fluids are passable through the metal-end-chips 3 and can be conducted past the magnets 4 and the two fluids or the mixture of the two fluids are moved and mixed with droplet formation.
  • the a housing 1 as a tube 1
  • two mixing stages 2 each comprising magnetizable metal permanent chips 3 and two or more magnets 4 as primary magnets 6, through which two Immiscible fluids or a mixture of two immiscible fluids are passable through the metal-end-chips
  • Metallendlosspäne 3 are applied to the magnet 4.
  • the magnets 4 are also on the
  • Inner wall 5 of the housing 1 arranged adjacent.
  • the further mixing stage 9 comprises a bed 11 comprising glass granules or a mineral granulate, for example split or other minerals with sharp or pronounced break edges and a grain size between 2 to 4 mm.
  • the further mixing stage 9 can also comprise a channel-like swirling structure (2).
  • cutting discs 13 in the form of sieves or filter-like mats are preferably arranged, which prevent the spreading of the fill 11 into the metal permanent chips 3 or the mixing of these with one another.
  • cutting discs 13 in the form of sieves or filter-like mats are preferably arranged, which prevent the spreading of the fill 11 into the metal permanent chips 3 or the mixing of these with one another.
  • the cutting wheel 13 can also be dispensed with the cutting wheel 13.
  • the grain size of the bed 11 is too
  • Fig. Lb shows another embodiment of an emulsifier as erfmdungswashe apparatus for producing an emulsion, wherein in a housing 1 as a tube 1, a mixing stage 2 is present, which glass granules 11 or a mineral granules 11 comprises, by which two per se immiscible fluids or a mixture of two immiscible fluids are conductive and the two fluids or the mixture of the two fluids are moved with droplet formation and mixed.
  • the glass granules 11 or the mineral granules 11 preferably has a particle size between 2 to 4 mm.
  • the glass granules or mineral granules, for example split or other minerals, preferably have sharp or pronounced break edges.
  • a further mixing stage 9 is present. This further mixing stages 9 has a disordered
  • Verwirbler Concept 3 in the form of Metallendloss Georgnen 3.
  • Fig. Lc shows a further embodiment of an emulsifier as inventive device for producing an emulsion, wherein in a housing 1 as a tube 1, a mixing stage 2 is present, which glass granules 11 or a mineral granules 11 comprises, by which two immiscible fluids or a mixture of two immiscible fluids are conductive and the two fluids or the mixture of the two fluids are moved with droplet formation and mixed.
  • the glass granules 11 or the mineral granules 11 preferably has a particle size between 2 to 4 mm.
  • the glass granules or mineral granules, for example split or other minerals, preferably have sharp or pronounced break edges.
  • a further mixing stage 9 is present.
  • These further mixing stages 9 have a disordered Verwirbler Weg 3 in the form of Metallendloss Georgnen 3.
  • the Metallendloss Georgne 3 are applied to the magnet 4, which are arranged on the inner wall 5 of the housing 1.
  • separating discs 13 are preferably arranged in the form of sieves or filter-like mats, which prevent the distribution of the bed 11 into the metal permanent chips 3 or the mixing of these with each other.
  • Cutting disc 13 can be dispensed with special filter arrangements. Here, however, the grain size of the bed 11 is taken into account.
  • FIG. 2 a shows an emulsifier as a device according to the invention, wherein two mixing stages 2 are present in a housing 1 as tube 1, which respectively comprise magnetizable metal permanent chips 3 and two or more magnets 4 as primary magnets 6.
  • the magnets 4 are in this case surrounded by the magnetizable Metallendloss Georgnen 3.
  • the two inherently immiscible fluids or a mixture of two immiscible fluids are passable through the metal continuous filings 3 and to the
  • the further mixing stage 9 comprises channel-like Verwirbler Modell 12 which are arranged in inner parallel tubes arranged with a respective parallel flow direction 6 in the housing 1.
  • the channel-like swirler structure 12 comprises
  • the inner surfaces 10 of the further mixing stage 9, in particular of the channel-like swirling structure 12, comprise a surface structure 21 in the form of recesses with a quadrangular, triangular or concave cross section, as shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, which promote mixing.
  • cutting discs 13 can be arranged in the form of sieves or filter-like mats, which prevent the distribution of sections of the metal permanent chips 3 channel-like Verwirbler Vietnamese 12.
  • the cutting discs also ensure a directional or orderly
  • FIG. 2b A further embodiment of an emulsifier as a device according to the invention for producing an emulsion is shown in FIG. 2b. Notwithstanding Figure 2a, the magnets 4 are surrounded in Figure 2b as the primary magnet 6 in the upper mixing stage section 8 only partially of the magnetizable Metallendloss Georgnen 3.
  • the further mixing stages 9 comprise channel-like Verwirbler Modellen 12 in the inner parallel tubes 25 in the housing first are arranged between blades 13. The flow direction 6 is rectified in the tubes 25 with the channel-like Verwirbler Designen 12 and opposite in the areas or sections therebetween.
  • Verwirbler Modellen 12 are offset from one another and distributed only one side in one of the respective cutting disc 13 and extend within the further mixing stage 9 is not over the entire length, so that a number of tubes 25 with the channel-like Verwirbler Designen 12 in the one separating disc 13 and another Number of tubes 25 are arranged with the channel-like Verwirbler Modellen 12 in the other cutting disc 13 and laterally overlap. This results in a reversal in the direction of the fluids, the fluid mixture and / or the emulsion at the free ends of the channel-like turbulizer structures 12.
  • the staggered arrangement of the channel-like Verwirbler Designen 12 extends the path through the further mixing stage 9, so that the fluids are mixed more intensively.
  • the channel-like Verwirbler Design 12 thus also includes
  • a bed 11 is also provided (not shown).
  • Fig. 2c shows an embodiment of an emulsifier as erfmdungswashe apparatus for producing an emulsion, wherein in a housing 1 as a tube 1, a mixing stage 2 is present, which differs from the figures 1 and 2, the glass granules 11 or the mineral granules 11 in the Housing 1 inside parallel tubes 25 between blades 13 includes.
  • the flow direction 6 is rectified in the tubes 25 with the glass granules 11 or the mineral granules 11 and in the areas or the glass granules 11 or the mineral granules 11 are offset from one another and distributed only one side in one of the respective cutting disc 13 and extend within the mixing stage 2 not over its entire length, so that a number of the tubes 25 with the glass granules 11 or the mineral granules 11 in the one cutting disc 13 and another number of tubes 25 with the glass granules 11 or the mineral granules 11 in the other Cutting disc 13 are arranged and overlap laterally.
  • Recesses with a quadrangular, triangular or concave cross-section, as shown in Figures 23 and 24, is provided.
  • the further mixing stage 9 comprises a channel-like Verwirbler Design 12, as shown in Figures 10 to 22.
  • FIG. 5 shows a section through a region of the housing 1 or the mixing stage 2 with the magnets 4.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further embodiment of an emulsifier as a device according to the invention, in which a mixing stage 2 comprises four mixing stage sections 8, which are formed by metal permanent chips 3 and magnets 4 as primary magnets 6. Everyone who Mixing stage sections 8 is in the flow direction 6 by magnets 4 and
  • Additional magnets 7 are additionally present as secondary magnets 7.
  • the poles of the magnets 4 and the other magnets 7 as secondary magnets 7 are in this case aligned with the magnets 4 of the adjacent mixing stage sections 8 so that the same poles face each other.
  • FIG. 5 shows a section through a region of the housing 1 or the mixing stage 2 with the magnets 4.
  • each axially concentrically arranged inlet pipe 23 and outlet pipe 24 are arranged with through holes in the axial and radial directions, which in the housing 1 as a pipe. 1 in the mixing stage 2 open into the metal dippers 3 or from these
  • FIG. 4a shows a further embodiment of an emulsifier as the invention
  • the mixing stage 2 comprises two mixing stage sections 8, which are formed by metal permanent chips 3 and magnets 4, wherein a mixing stage section 8 arranged in the axial direction by magnets 4 and between the magnets 4
  • Metal permanent chips 3 is formed, wherein the adjacent poles of the magnets 4 of the two subsequent in the axial direction of the mixing stage sections 8 are unequal names and at the end of the further mixing stage 9 secondary magnets 7 are arranged.
  • the further mixing stage 9 comprises a set in a meandering tube 25 by metal continuous filings 3 beds 11 and a channel-like Verwirbler mecanic 12. Nach dem
  • FIG. 4b shows a further embodiment of an emulsifier as the invention
  • a further mixing stage 9 is arranged.
  • the mixing stage 2 comprises a glass granulate 11 or mineral granules 11 fixed in a meander-shaped tube 25 by metal-continuous chips 3.
  • the further mixing stage 9 comprises as a disordered one
  • Verwirbler Quilt 3 Metallendloss Georgne 3 and magnets 4 wherein in the axial direction between the magnets 4 metal permanent chips 3 are arranged, the adjacent poles of the immediately adjacent magnets 4 are unequal names and at the end of the further mixing stage 9 secondary magnets 7 are arranged. After passing through the mixing stage 2, the fluids, the fluid mixture or the emulsion enter the further mixing stage 9.
  • FIG. 4c shows a further embodiment of an emulsifier as the invention
  • Apparatus for producing an emulsion wherein after a mixing stage 2 a series of further mixing stages 9 is arranged.
  • the further mixing stages 9 are arranged in mutually parallel tubes 25, which are connected by meandering tubular arcs 27 at the respective ends, so that the individual further mixing stages 9 successively an elongated in the flow direction 6 course respectively as further mixing stages 9 or as a common further mixing stage. 9 form.
  • a mixing stage 2 is arranged with Metallendloss journalnen 3 and 4 acting on these magnets.
  • the further mixing stages 9 each comprise a channel-like swirling structure 12. This channel-like swirling structure 12 has a channel-like swirling structure 12
  • FIG. 7 shows the schematic block diagram of an inventive arrangement for carrying out a method for operating an internal combustion engine 14, wherein fuel 17 with water 18 to form an emulsion by in concrete
  • Embodiment two emulsifiers 1 can be conducted, wherein in the emulsifiers 1, at least one mixing stage 2 and, if necessary, at least one further mixing stage 9 are present and the water 18 optionally with surfactants 19 and the water with 18 not miscible fuel 17 as outside of the emulsifier 1 Mixture through the mixing stages 2,
  • a pump 15 is further provided, which promote the fuel 17, the water 18, the surfactants 18 and the possibly already formed emulsion from the first emulsifier 1 to the second emulsifier 1.
  • an emulsion preheating stage 22 is additionally present in FIG. 8, the emulsion preheating stage 22 being arranged in front of the two emulsifiers 1, namely before the internal combustion engine 14 or after the pump 15.
  • FIG. 9 shows the schematic block diagram of an arrangement according to the invention for carrying out a method for operating an internal combustion engine 14, wherein water 18, optionally with surfactants 19 and fuel 17, are conducted separately into a first emulsifier 1 described above.
  • the pump 15 After the first emulsifier 1, the fluids, the fluid mixture or the already formed emulsion pass through the pump 15 into a second emulsifier 1 described above and from there into an emulsion tank 20. From the emulsion tank 20 is by means of another pump 15, the emulsion over a
  • Emulsion preheating stage 22 of the internal combustion engine 14 available.
  • the also present circulation 16 allows the conveying of the excess emulsion in the
  • Emulsion tank 20 after which the emulsion again for the supply of
  • the surfactants 19 may be provided in a surfactant tank 19 and, if necessary, introduced into a tank for the water 18, as shown in FIG. 7, or into a supply line for the water 18, as shown in FIG.
  • surfactants can also be a water-surfactant mixture, for example, with a share of 1% surfactants in a tank for the water-surfactant mixture Provide and remove as needed. This would be, for example, with the invention
  • FIG 9 Arrangement according to FIG 9 can be implemented.
  • fuel 17 will be conducted with water 18 to form an emulsion through at least one emulsifier 1, wherein in the emulsifier 1 the water 18 and the fuel 18 immiscible with water 18 will pass through at least one mixing stage 2, 9 flow and as often as possible and as long as possible moved and / or mixed with each other.
  • the emulsion formed is supplied to the internal combustion engine 14, which may be for example a motor or CHP, and injected into at least one combustion chamber in a known per se, with a circulation 16 excess emulsion takes place, before supplying and / or injecting the emulsion preheating the emulsion takes place.
  • the water 18 is based on the weight or volume of the water 18 between 0.1 and 20%, preferably between 1% and 5%.
  • Figures 10 to 22 show different designs for a channel-like Verwirbler Weg 12. These are arranged depending on the design in cross-sectionally round or square tubes 25, tubes 1, channels 1 or housings 1 and form the respective further mixing stage 9 or parts or Bestanteil the respective further mixing stage. 9
  • a labyrinth-like or meander-like channel-like swirling structure 12 is provided, which causes multiple changes of direction of the fluids, of the fluid mixture or of the emulsion, in particular in one plane, and thus promotes mixing.
  • FIG. 11 shows a helical course in one direction of rotation as a channel-like swirling structure 12, which favors the mixing of the fluids, of the fluid mixture or of the emulsion.
  • the mixing is favored by the helical course in two
  • a right- and a left-hand thread is executed and the channel-like Verwirbler Weg 12 is interrupted in the region of the intersections of the helical course and thus the partial flows collide and there is turbulence or turbulence.
  • the channel-like Verwirbler Weg 12 of Figure 12 shows a combined arrangement of a meandering and helical course with a continuous direction and rotation change.
  • Figure 13 is a simplified labyrinthine or meandering channel-like
  • a mixture of the fluids flows through a housing 1, tube 1 or channel 1 or tube 25 in which a plurality of sharp 180 degree corners are arranged. At each corner there is a stall with turbulence and cavitation. Thus, the two fluids are finely mixed until they form an emulsion.
  • the fluid mixture can either be pumped once or several times in a circuit through the housing 1, tube 1 or channel 1
  • Verwirbler Weg 12 are as differently oriented in the flow direction grid as obstacles, as shown in Figure 14, or as a vibrating
  • Spiral spring which is arranged as shown in Figure 17, parallel to the flow direction 6, executed which cause stalls with turbulence and cavitation, which favor a mixing of the fluids, the fluid mixture or the emulsion.
  • the direction of rotation of the individual rotors is rectified or in opposite directions.
  • the rotors cause turbulence and cavitation in the flow, resulting in a fine mixing into an emulsion.
  • the fluid mixture can be pumped past the rotors either once or several times in a cycle through a channel.
  • the free-rotating rotors are arranged one behind the other in the flow direction.
  • the rotation axis of the free-rotating rotors can be perpendicular or parallel to
  • the direction of rotation of the successive rotors can be either the same or alternating.
  • the channel-like Verwirbler Weg 12 may also, as shown in Figure 18, formed as bristles as obstacles, which are arranged either on one side of the preferably rectangular in cross-section tubes 25, tubes 1, channels 1 or housing 1 or
  • the bristles can also be used in cross-sectionally round tubes 25, tubes 1, channels 1 or housings 1.
  • helical springs may be used as obstacles transverse to the flow direction 6 instead of straight bristles or a single helical spring along the flow direction 6 in a circular channel, as shown in Figure 19. The coil springs move in the flow. By the movement of the coil springs it comes to
  • FIGS. 20 to 22 Further channel-like swirler structures 12, as shown in FIGS. 20 to 22, may be formed by flow swirlers 26 as obstacles between the bottom or the bottom or an inner tube and the top or the top or the outer tube of square or round tubes 25, tubes 1, channels 1 or housings 1 are arranged.
  • flow swirlers 26 as obstacles between the bottom or the bottom or an inner tube and the top or the top or the outer tube of square or round tubes 25, tubes 1, channels 1 or housings 1 are arranged.
  • the formation of the emulsion is favored or the emulsion is stabilized.
  • Recesses, grooves or cams can be rectangular, conical, spherical or offset conical. Compilation of the reference numerals

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)

Abstract

L'objet de l'invention est de réaliser un procédé destiné à faire fonctionner un moteur à combustion interne au moyen d'une émulsion de deux liquides et un système de mise en œuvre du procédé, lesquels sont fiables, simples et économiques. L'objet de l'invention est en outre de réaliser un dispositif approprié, simple et fiable, de fabrication de l'émulsion, l'émulsion possédant une haute stabilité et l'emploi de tensioactifs étant concurremment réduit dans cette dernière. L'invention concerne un procédé destiné à faire fonctionner un moteur à combustion interne (14), du carburant (17) étant conduit avec de l'eau (18) lors de la constitution d'une émulsion à travers au moins un émulseur (1), l'eau (18) et le carburant (17) non intrinsèquement miscible à l'eau (18) s'écoulant dans l'émulseur (1) à travers au moins un étage de mélange (2, 9) et étant déplacés et/ou mélangés l'un avec l'autre aussi souvent et longtemps que possible et l'émulsion ainsi constituée du moteur à combustion interne (14) étant apportée et injectée dans au moins une chambre de combustion d'une manière intrinsèquement connue, une circulation (16) d'émulsion excédentaire se produisant, un préchauffage de l'émulsion se produisant avant l'apport et/ou l'injection de l'émulsion. L'invention concerne également un dispositif de fabrication d'une émulsion, au moins un étage de mélange (2), lequel comprend des copeaux sans fin métalliques (3) magnétisables et au moins un aimant (4) en tant qu'aimant primaire (6) et/ou du granulat de verre (11) ou un granulat minéral (11), étant présent dans un boîtier (1), un tuyau (1) ou un canal (1), deux fluides non miscibles ou un mélange de deux fluides non intrinsèquement miscibles pouvant être conduits à travers les copeaux sans fin métalliques (3) et pouvant passer devant l'aimant ou les aimants (4) et/ou pouvant passer à travers le granulat de verre (11) ou le granulat minéral (11) et les deux fluides ou le mélange des deux fluides pouvant être déplacés ou mélangés lors de la constitution de gouttelettes.
PCT/DE2019/100172 2018-02-26 2019-02-25 Procédé destiné à faire fonctionner un moteur à combustion interne, système de mise en œuvre du procédé et dispositif de production d'une émulsion WO2019161852A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018104355 2018-02-26
DE102018104355.4 2018-02-26
DE102018104354 2018-02-26
DE102018104354.6 2018-02-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019161852A2 true WO2019161852A2 (fr) 2019-08-29
WO2019161852A3 WO2019161852A3 (fr) 2019-12-26

Family

ID=66676150

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE2019/100172 WO2019161852A2 (fr) 2018-02-26 2019-02-25 Procédé destiné à faire fonctionner un moteur à combustion interne, système de mise en œuvre du procédé et dispositif de production d'une émulsion

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102019104646A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019161852A2 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021148673A1 (fr) * 2020-01-23 2021-07-29 Raptech Eberswalde Gmbh Système et procédé de production d'une dispersion stable d'hydrocarbures et d'eau pour améliorer les processus de combustion, et une dispersion eau-hydrocarbure qui est facilement séparable en au moins deux phases en tant que partie du processus de nettoyage à des emplacements d'accident
WO2023115113A1 (fr) * 2021-12-21 2023-06-29 Manuel Barreiro Système de conditionnement de combustible

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0022442A1 (fr) 1979-07-13 1981-01-21 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Procédé et dispositif pour préparer des émulsions
CN1066916A (zh) 1991-05-20 1992-12-09 谢志强 无需乳化剂的重油掺水技术及乳化装置
CN1088473A (zh) 1992-12-25 1994-06-29 王广武 粘性燃油循环乳化装置
CN2202582Y (zh) 1994-10-28 1995-07-05 中国人民解放军第九七五九工厂 高效乳化器
DE60115932T2 (de) 2000-10-11 2006-09-07 The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gerätes zum statischen Mischen

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10109024A (ja) * 1996-10-04 1998-04-28 Jasco Corp エマルション調整方法及び装置
DE19747247C5 (de) * 1997-10-25 2004-10-07 Man B & W Diesel A/S Dieselmotor
AU2004253853B2 (en) * 2003-04-10 2010-04-01 Evonik Corporation A method for the production of emulsion-based micro particles
DE102009048223A1 (de) * 2009-10-05 2011-06-16 Fachhochschule Trier Verfahren zur In-Situ-Herstellung von Treibstoff-Wasser-Gemischen in Verbrennungsmotoren
JP4878064B2 (ja) * 2010-01-18 2012-02-15 川崎重工業株式会社 フラッシュ防止装置付き燃料供給装置
JP4897064B2 (ja) * 2010-03-01 2012-03-14 川崎重工業株式会社 水エマルジョン燃料ドレンの再利用装置付き機関システム
JP5481310B2 (ja) * 2010-08-05 2014-04-23 川崎重工業株式会社 比重監視制御装置及びそれを備える燃料供給装置
CN104105869A (zh) * 2011-11-25 2014-10-15 燃料解决方案有限公司 用于在燃烧发动机中燃烧之前处理化石燃料和水的混合物的设备
DE102016200751B4 (de) * 2016-01-20 2018-03-15 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Steuern oder Regeln der Menge eines Kraftstoffgemischs

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0022442A1 (fr) 1979-07-13 1981-01-21 Exxon Research And Engineering Company Procédé et dispositif pour préparer des émulsions
CN1066916A (zh) 1991-05-20 1992-12-09 谢志强 无需乳化剂的重油掺水技术及乳化装置
CN1088473A (zh) 1992-12-25 1994-06-29 王广武 粘性燃油循环乳化装置
CN2202582Y (zh) 1994-10-28 1995-07-05 中国人民解放军第九七五九工厂 高效乳化器
DE60115932T2 (de) 2000-10-11 2006-09-07 The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gerätes zum statischen Mischen

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021148673A1 (fr) * 2020-01-23 2021-07-29 Raptech Eberswalde Gmbh Système et procédé de production d'une dispersion stable d'hydrocarbures et d'eau pour améliorer les processus de combustion, et une dispersion eau-hydrocarbure qui est facilement séparable en au moins deux phases en tant que partie du processus de nettoyage à des emplacements d'accident
WO2023115113A1 (fr) * 2021-12-21 2023-06-29 Manuel Barreiro Système de conditionnement de combustible

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2019161852A3 (fr) 2019-12-26
DE102019104646A1 (de) 2019-08-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1216747B1 (fr) Mélangeur statique
EP1510247B1 (fr) Mélangeur statique avec une structure polymorphe
EP1280598B1 (fr) Melangeur par cavitation
DE60021263T2 (de) Statischer wirbelmischer und methode zur verwendung desselben
EP2277620B2 (fr) Elément de mélange statique
EP2851118B1 (fr) Dispositif de mélange et d'échange thermique et procédé pour sa fabrication
DE60115932T2 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gerätes zum statischen Mischen
EP1278593B1 (fr) Element de melange statique
WO2004052519A1 (fr) Melangeur statique
WO1996031442A1 (fr) Installation et procede d'oxydation d'une substance aqueuse
WO2019161852A2 (fr) Procédé destiné à faire fonctionner un moteur à combustion interne, système de mise en œuvre du procédé et dispositif de production d'une émulsion
EP0070917A1 (fr) Colonne pour procédés d'échange de matière et/ou de chaleur
DE202016008932U1 (de) Doppelkeil-Mischblech und zugehöriger statischer Mischer
EP0776689B1 (fr) Dispositif de mélange
WO2017129768A1 (fr) Échangeur de chaleur-mélangeur de type x à cavité
DE102008022907A1 (de) Multi-Component Mixing Apparatus
EP3155343B1 (fr) Échangeur de chaleur
DE2924458C2 (de) Extraktionsvorrichtung für die Flüssig-Flüssig-Extraktion
DE8634567U1 (de) Gas-Luft-Mischer
DE3226420C2 (de) Statische Mischvorrichtung zum Mischen von Gasen, Flüssigkeiten und Feststoffen in ein- oder mehrphasigen Systemen
DE3032140C2 (de) Verfahren und Mischer zum Mischen eines flüssigen und/oder dispersen Stoffes mit einem gasförmigen Stoff in einem Mischer
EP3081285B1 (fr) Dispositif de mélange statique pour des matières pouvant s'écouler
DE2629293A1 (de) Statischer mischer
DD146024A5 (de) Extruder zur bearbeitung thermoplastischer materialien
EP1046420A1 (fr) Dispositif pour le traitement de liquides

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19727281

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A2