WO2019144810A1 - 天线组件、电子设备和天线配置方法 - Google Patents

天线组件、电子设备和天线配置方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019144810A1
WO2019144810A1 PCT/CN2019/071149 CN2019071149W WO2019144810A1 WO 2019144810 A1 WO2019144810 A1 WO 2019144810A1 CN 2019071149 W CN2019071149 W CN 2019071149W WO 2019144810 A1 WO2019144810 A1 WO 2019144810A1
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Prior art keywords
antenna
loop
switch
electronic device
feed point
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PCT/CN2019/071149
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李日辉
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维沃移动通信有限公司
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Publication of WO2019144810A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019144810A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/06—Receivers
    • H04B1/16—Circuits
    • H04B1/18—Input circuits, e.g. for coupling to an antenna or a transmission line
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/242—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
    • H01Q5/28—Arrangements for establishing polarisation or beam width over two or more different wavebands
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
    • H01Q5/328—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors between a radiating element and ground
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
    • H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
    • H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
    • H01Q5/335—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors at the feed, e.g. for impedance matching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/30—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole
    • H01Q9/42—Resonant antennas with feed to end of elongated active element, e.g. unipole with folded element, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of the operating wavelength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/005—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges
    • H04B1/0053—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with common antenna for more than one band
    • H04B1/006—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with common antenna for more than one band using switches for selecting the desired band
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38—Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40—Circuits
    • H04B1/401—Circuits for selecting or indicating operating mode

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an antenna assembly, an electronic device, and an antenna configuration method.
  • the antenna performance of the antenna component of the electronic device under the head hand model affects the communication quality of the electronic device.
  • the antenna feed point of the antenna component in the related art is located on one side of the main board of the electronic device, which results in a large difference in the performance of the left and right head hand models.
  • an antenna assembly is provided by setting two feed point structures, a feed transmission line, three single-pole double-throw switches, and two antennas.
  • the structure of the above antenna assembly is too complicated, and it takes a large space for the whole machine, which leads to an increase in processing cost and debugging difficulty of the antenna.
  • the above antenna component has a technical problem that the structure is relatively complicated and needs to occupy a large space of the whole machine.
  • the embodiments of the present disclosure provide an antenna component, an electronic device, and an antenna configuration method, to solve the technical problem that the antenna component has a complicated structure and needs to occupy a large whole machine space in the related art.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an antenna assembly, including: an antenna body, a first switch, a feed point circuit, and a transceiver;
  • the antenna body includes a first end and a second end, the first end is connected to one end of the first switch, the other end of the first switch is grounded, the second end is One end of the feed point circuit is connected, and the other end of the feed point circuit is connected to the transceiver;
  • the antenna body When the first switch is closed, the antenna body forms a first loop with the first switch, and the second end forms an antenna end;
  • the antenna body When the first switch is turned off, the antenna body forms a second loop with the feed point circuit, and the first end forms an antenna end.
  • an embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, including an apparatus body, a processor, and the antenna component according to the first aspect, wherein a control end of the first switch of the antenna component and a control end of the feed point circuit And a transceiver are both connected to the processor.
  • the embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an antenna configuration method, which is applied to the electronic device according to the second aspect, and includes:
  • Determining a target loop that matches a current state of the electronic device the target loop being either a first loop or a second loop;
  • the antenna components are controlled to be connected according to a connection mode corresponding to the target loop.
  • the switching of the antenna end can be realized by the opening and closing of the first switch, so that the communication quality of the antenna component is not affected by the user's holding posture.
  • the components required for the switching circuit only include the first switch and the feed point circuit, and the switching of the antenna end can be conveniently realized by fewer components, and the structure is simple, and the occupied space of the whole machine is reduced. Less component deployment, simplified circuit connection and control, is also conducive to reducing the processing cost and debugging difficulty of the antenna.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a voltage standing wave ratio diagram of the antenna assembly corresponding to FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a connection of the antenna assembly corresponding to FIG. 5 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is another connection diagram of the antenna component corresponding to FIG. 5 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a voltage standing wave ratio diagram of the antenna assembly corresponding to FIG. 5 to FIG. 7 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart diagram of an antenna configuration method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • an antenna assembly 10 includes an antenna body S0, a first switch SW1, a feed point circuit K, and a transceiver Q.
  • the two ends of the antenna body S0 may be respectively configured as a first end portion S1 and a second end portion S2, the first end portion S1 being connected to one end of the first switch SW1, and the other end of the first switch SW1 One end is grounded.
  • the second end S2 is connected to one end of the feed point circuit K, and the other end of the feed point circuit K is connected to the transceiver Q.
  • the antenna body S0 is a basic functional component of the antenna assembly 10 for implementing a signal transceiving function of the antenna assembly 10, and the transceiver Q is configured to perform a signal transceiving function.
  • the first end S1 of the antenna body S0 is connected to one end of the first switch SW1, and the other end of the first switch SW1 is grounded.
  • the second end S2 is connected to one end of the feed point circuit K, and the other end of the feed point circuit K is connected to the transceiver Q.
  • the feed point circuit is matched with the antenna body to obtain the position of the high electric field region on the closed loop, and the position of the high electric field region on the closed loop is the position of the antenna end.
  • the closed loop formed by the antenna body S0 is controlled, thereby achieving switching of the antenna end.
  • the length of the antenna assembly 10 can range from 25 millimeters to 60 millimeters, such as 55 millimeters.
  • the first end portion S1 and the second end portion S2 may be both ends of the antenna body S0, or may be disposed at a distance from the end portion of the antenna body side.
  • the first end portion S1 may be disposed at a distance from the antenna body side antenna end (such as the leftmost end of the antenna body S0 shown in FIG. 1) to a distance of 0 mm to 10 mm, and the second end portion S2 is disposed.
  • the distance from the side antenna end (the rightmost end of the antenna body S0 shown in the figure) is 0 mm to 10 mm.
  • the first end portion S1 and the second end portion S2 are used to indicate the structure of the two ends of the antenna body S0, and the specific setting positions thereof are not limited.
  • the process of determining the end of the antenna by the electric field distribution of the closed loop may be: closing the first switch SW1, and the antenna body S0 and the first switch SW1 form a first loop.
  • the first loop further includes a feed point circuit K and a transceiver Q.
  • the first end portion S1 of the antenna body S0 is a low electric field region
  • the second end portion S2 is a high electric field region. Since the high electric field region in the first loop is the second end portion S2, when the antenna assembly is connected according to the connection mode corresponding to the first loop, the antenna end is the second end portion S2 of the antenna body S0.
  • the process of determining the end of the antenna by the electric field distribution of the closed loop may further be: disconnecting the first switch SW1, the antenna body S0 and the feed point circuit K and the The transceiver Q forms a second loop.
  • the first end portion S1 of the antenna body S0 is a high electric field region
  • the second end portion S2 is a low electric field region. Since the high electric field region in the second loop is the first end portion S1, when the antenna assembly is connected according to the connection mode corresponding to the second loop, the antenna end is the first end portion S1 of the antenna body S0.
  • the first loop or the second loop may be selected as a target loop according to the current state of the electronic device, and the antenna assembly 10 is controlled to be connected according to the target loop to implement an efficient signal connection.
  • the target loop can be determined based on the signal transceiving strength.
  • the electronic device can connect the antenna assembly 10 according to the first loop, and when the first loop is obtained, the signal strength of the transceiver Q to transmit and receive signals is used as the first signal strength. Then, the antenna assembly 10 is connected according to the second loop, and when the second loop is acquired, the signal strength of the transceiver Q is transmitted and received as the second signal strength. Comparing the first signal strength with the second signal strength, and determining, as the target loop, a loop corresponding to a larger signal strength of the first signal strength and the second signal strength The antenna assembly 10 is controlled to be connected in accordance with the target loop to achieve an efficient signal transceiving function.
  • the electronic device may further control, according to a polling manner, the antenna component 10 to connect according to a connection mode corresponding to the first loop according to a certain period, and acquire multiple signal strength values, and multiple signals.
  • the average or highest value of the intensity values, or other associated parameters, is used as the first signal strength.
  • controlling the antenna component 10 to connect according to a connection mode corresponding to the second loop according to a certain period acquiring a plurality of signal strength values, and using an average value or a maximum value of the plurality of signal flag strength values or other related parameters as The second signal strength is described.
  • the first circuit or the second circuit may be connected at intervals. Other methods for obtaining the first signal strength of the first circuit and the signal strength of the second circuit are applicable to the embodiment, which is not limited herein.
  • the target loop can also be determined based on the current state of the head hand model of the electronic device.
  • a head hand model is provided in the electronic device for simulating the current state of the user's handheld electronic device, and the head hand model may include a head model and a left and right hand model.
  • the head model is used to simulate the position of the user's head relative to the electronic device, particularly relative to the antenna end of the antenna assembly 10 within the electronic device. It can be bounded by the user's ear, which is divided into a front side head on the side where the facial eye is located and a rear side head on the side where the head hair is located.
  • the left and right hand models are used to simulate the position of the user's left and right handheld electronic devices, especially the relative position of the thumb position of the simulated hand and the antenna assembly 10 of the electronic device.
  • the left and right hand models may mainly include a thumb and a little finger. The closer the thumb is to the antenna end of the electronic device, the more the thumb blocks the signal, resulting in less intensity of the signal transmitted and received by the antenna assembly 10. The closer the little finger is to the antenna end of the electronic device, the less the apex signal is, and the greater the strength of the antenna component 10 to transmit and receive signals.
  • the matching connection state may be selected according to the current state of the head hand model to avoid the influence of the signal transmitted and received by the antenna component 10 on the front side of the user or the thumb near the end of the antenna.
  • a head hand model detecting sensor can be disposed on the side of the electronic device for acquiring the current state of the head hand model. If it is detected that the front end of the user or the thumb is close to the first end S1 of the antenna assembly 10, the loop of the antenna end at the second end S2 of the antenna assembly 10 needs to be selected as the target loop.
  • the first switch SW1 is controlled to be closed to avoid the influence of the front side of the user or the thumb on the end of the antenna. The strength of the signal transmitted and received by the antenna assembly 10 of the electronic device is increased.
  • the electronic equipment mostly uses a metal casing, especially an all-metal casing as an antenna.
  • a metal casing especially an all-metal casing as an antenna.
  • the antenna assembly 10 provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can be applied to various electronic devices in the form of a housing, such as a non-metallic outer casing, an all-metal outer casing, a three-section gap full metal casing, a U-shaped gap full metal casing, a metal frame and a non-metal cover.
  • Electronic devices such as boards and other housing materials are not limited.
  • the feed point circuit K for determining the position of the antenna end of the antenna assembly 10 can be implemented in various ways.
  • the feed point circuit K may comprise a variable impedance device, the second end S2 being connected to the transceiver Q via the variable impedance device.
  • the variable impedance device may be a variable capacitor C, and the second end portion S2 of the antenna body S0 is connected to one end of the variable capacitor C, and the variable capacitor C is connected. The other end is connected to the transceiver Q.
  • the variable capacitor C can be any device having a varactor characteristic, such as a switch array variable capacitor, a voltage controlled variable capacitor, etc., which are commonly used in the industry, so as to adapt to the capacitance value required for the connection loop.
  • the switch array variable capacitors switch different capacitor branches by switching different capacitor values, and the voltage-controlled variable capacitors can change the capacitance value by changing the voltage value. For example, the higher the voltage, the smaller the capacitance.
  • variable capacitor C has two functions: when used in the first loop, the antenna impedance is matched to 50 ohms, the resonance frequency adjustment range is small; when used in the second loop, it can be used to tune the resonance of the antenna assembly. Frequency, resonance frequency adjustment range is large.
  • the capacitance range of the variable capacitor C can be set to 0 picofarad to 10 picofarads. If the antenna assembly 10 is connected in the first loop, the variable capacitor C can be adjusted from 0.5 picofarad to 2 picofarads, and the antenna impedance is matched to 50 ohms. If the antenna assembly 10 is connected by the second loop, the variable capacitor C can be adjusted to a value of 3 picofarads to 10 picofarads, which can effectively adjust the resonant frequency, so that the adjustable frequency band range is wide, such as Adjust the resonant frequency in the low frequency range of 700M-960M.
  • the antenna assembly 10 may further include an inductor and a second switch SW2, where the inductance is set to a first inductor L1, and the first inductor L1 and the second switch SW2 are connected in series to form an auxiliary branch.
  • One end of the auxiliary branch is connected to the feed point circuit K, and the other end of the auxiliary circuit is grounded.
  • one end of the second switch SW2 may be connected to the feed point circuit K, and the other end of the second switch SW2 may be connected to one end of the first inductor L1, and the first inductor L1 The other end is grounded.
  • one end of the first inductor L1 may be connected to the feed point circuit K, the other end of the first inductor L1 may be connected to one end of the second switch SW2, and the second switch SW2 The other end is grounded.
  • the auxiliary branch may be connected to a connection point of the feed point circuit K and the second end S2, or may be connected to a connection point of the feed point circuit K and the transceiver Q, and other can be realized.
  • the implementation manner of the auxiliary branch formed by the first inductor L1 and the second switch SW2, and the connection manner of the auxiliary circuit and the feed point circuit for adjusting the position of the antenna end can be applied to the embodiment, and is not limited. .
  • the value of the first inductor may be set to 2 nanohenry to 15 nanohenry for matching the antenna body S0 to 50 ohms.
  • the antenna assembly 10 provided in this embodiment can effectively implement the circuit continuity of the antenna assembly 10 through the first switch SW1 and the second switch SW2, and simplify component deployment of the first loop and the second loop, thereby reducing cost and Difficulty in debugging.
  • the feed point circuit K can also be a parallel circuit composed of an inductor and a switch, and is configured as a second inductor L2 and a third switch SW3.
  • the second inductor L2 and the third switch SW3 are connected in parallel to form a feed point circuit K, and one end of the parallel circuit is connected to the second end portion S2 of the antenna body S0, and the parallel connection is performed.
  • the other end of the circuit is connected to the transceiver Q.
  • the third switch SW3 is closed, at which time the feed point circuit K is short-circuited, and the second end portion S2 is directly connected to the transceiver Q via the third switch SW3.
  • the second switch SW2 is closed for matching the antenna impedance to 50 ohms.
  • the third switch SW3 is disconnected, the second end S2 is connected to the transceiver Q via the second inductor L2, and the second inductor L2 can achieve antenna impedance matching.
  • the second switch SW2 is turned off at this time.
  • the second inductance L2 may have a value from 15 nanohenry to 50 nanohenry, and optionally 20 nanohenry.
  • the second inductor L2 may have a value of 5 nanohenry to 15 nanohenry, and may be 8 nanohenry.
  • the second switch SW2 can also be closed.
  • the second inductor L2 and the first inductor L1 together perform the function of matching the antenna impedance to 50 ohms, wherein the value of the second inductor L2 can be changed to achieve the frequency adjustable.
  • Other implementations of the feed point circuit K that can achieve this effect are applicable to the present embodiment and are not limited.
  • the antenna assembly 10 can be connected to the first loop or the second loop to generate a resonant mode of two frequency bands.
  • a voltage standing wave ratio diagram of the antenna assembly can be represented.
  • the horizontal axis represents the resonant mode coverage frequency and the vertical axis represents the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna assembly.
  • the resonant mode of the antenna assembly provided by this embodiment may include a low frequency resonant mode f1 and a high frequency resonant mode f3.
  • the high frequency resonant mode may be a triple frequency of a low frequency, and the frequency range of the specific low frequency resonant mode may be: 700M to 960M, and the frequency range of the high frequency resonant mode may be 2300M to 2690M.
  • the antenna assembly 10 provided by the above embodiment can be applied to the lower antenna of the electronic device of the three-segment slit all-metal casing.
  • the width of the antenna slot may be 1.5 mm, and the lateral length of the antenna body S0 may be 55 mm.
  • the antenna assembly 10 provided in this embodiment has a significant improvement in the total radiation power of the right-hand model of the electronic device, and the difference in the total radiation power between the right-hand model and the left-hand model is significantly reduced, so that the left and right head models of the electronic device are The overall performance has been significantly improved.
  • the first end of the antenna body is connected to the first switch, and the second end is connected to the feed point circuit and the transceiver.
  • the opening and closing of the first switch By controlling the opening and closing of the first switch, the switching of the antenna end at both ends of the antenna body is adjusted, so that the antenna body can match the current state of the electronic device, thereby optimizing the signal transceiving function of the antenna component and improving the communication quality of the electronic device.
  • the circuit components of the antenna assembly are simple in layout, reducing the space occupation problem of the whole machine.
  • An auxiliary circuit composed of an inductor and a second switch is provided to effectively improve the impedance mismatch problem of the antenna body and improve the performance of the antenna end switching circuit.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna assembly according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the antenna branch is added to obtain a wider resonant frequency and meet the requirements of Carrier Aggregation (CA).
  • CA Carrier Aggregation
  • an antenna assembly 10 includes: an antenna body S0, a first antenna branch A1, a second antenna branch A2, a first switch SW1, a feed point circuit K, and a transceiver Q, the first antenna branch A1 is connected to the first end S1 of the antenna body S0, and the second antenna branch A2 is connected to the second end S2 of the antenna body S0.
  • the first end S1 is connected to one end of the first switch SW1, and the other end of the first switch SW1 is grounded.
  • the second end portion S2 is connected to one end of the feed point circuit K, and the other end of the feed point circuit K is connected to the transceiver Q.
  • the antenna body S0, the first antenna branch A1 and the second antenna branch A2 constitute a basic functional structure of the antenna assembly 10, and implement a signal transceiving function of the antenna assembly 10.
  • the antenna assembly 10 may have a length ranging from 25 mm to 60 mm, alternatively 40 mm.
  • the lengths of the first antenna branch A1 and the second antenna branch A2 may range from 10 mm to 35 mm, and may be 25 mm.
  • the first end portion S1 and the second end portion S2 are used to indicate the structure of the two ends of the antenna body S0, and the specific setting positions thereof are not limited.
  • the first switch SW1 is closed, and the antenna body S0, the first switch SW1, the feed point circuit K and the transceiver Q form a first loop, and the antenna end is the second End S2.
  • the second antenna branch A2 forms a main branch Z with the antenna body S0
  • the first antenna branch A1 forms a secondary branch F connected in parallel with the main branch Z.
  • the main branch Z is mainly used to generate a low frequency and high frequency resonant mode, and the antenna end of the main branch Z is at the second end S2.
  • the auxiliary branch F is mainly used to generate a resonant mode of the intermediate frequency, and the antenna end of the auxiliary branch F is at the first end S1.
  • the first switch SW1 is turned off, and the antenna body S0 forms a second loop with the feed point circuit K and the transceiver Q.
  • the first antenna branch A1 forms a main branch Z with the antenna body S0
  • the second antenna branch A2 forms a secondary branch F connected in parallel with the main branch Z.
  • the main branch Z is used to generate a low frequency and high frequency resonant mode
  • the antenna end of the main branch Z is located at the first end S1
  • the auxiliary branch F is mainly used to generate the intermediate frequency resonant mode
  • the auxiliary branch F antenna end is located in the second End S2.
  • the antenna assembly 10 can be connected to the first loop or the second loop to generate a resonant mode of three frequency bands.
  • a voltage standing wave ratio diagram of the antenna assembly can be shown.
  • the horizontal axis represents the resonant mode coverage frequency f
  • the vertical axis represents the voltage standing wave ratio of the antenna assembly.
  • the resonant mode of the antenna assembly provided by this embodiment may include a low frequency resonant mode f1, an intermediate frequency resonant mode f2, and a high frequency resonant mode f3, wherein the frequency of the intermediate frequency resonant mode f2 may range from 1710M to 2170M.
  • the first end of the antenna body is connected to the first switch, and the second end is connected to the feed point circuit and the transceiver.
  • the opening and closing of the first switch By controlling the opening and closing of the first switch, the switching of the antenna end at both ends of the antenna body is adjusted, so that the antenna body can match the current state of the electronic device, thereby optimizing the signal transceiving function of the antenna component and improving the communication quality of the electronic device.
  • the circuit components of the antenna assembly are simple in layout, reducing the space occupation problem of the whole machine.
  • Adding a first antenna branch and a second antenna branch so that the first antenna branch, the antenna body and the second branch can cooperate to form a main branch and a secondary branch of the antenna component, and the main branch is used to generate low frequency and high frequency
  • the resonant mode, the auxiliary branch is used to generate the resonant mode of the intermediate frequency, so that the antenna component can simultaneously generate the low-frequency, intermediate-frequency and high-frequency resonant modes, satisfy the requirements of multi-carrier aggregation, improve the frequency bandwidth of the signal transmitted and received by the electronic device, and further improve Communication quality.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also relate to an electronic device including an apparatus body, a processor, and an antenna assembly, which may be the antenna assembly provided by the above embodiments.
  • the antenna assembly 10 may include an antenna body S0, a first switch SW1, a feed point circuit K, and a transceiver Q.
  • the antenna body S0 includes a first end. a portion S1 and a second end portion S2, the first end portion S1 is connected to the first switch SW1, the second end portion S2 is connected to the feed point circuit K, and the feed point circuit K is connected to the transceiver Q .
  • the antenna assembly 10 is disposed in the device body or in the housing of the device body.
  • the control terminal of the first switch SW1 of the antenna assembly 10, the control terminal of the feed point circuit K, and the transceiver Q are all connected to the processor.
  • the processor is connected to the control end of the first switch SW1 and the control end of the feed point circuit K, and controls the antenna assembly 10 according to the first loop by controlling the opening and closing of the first switch SW1 and the connection state of the feed point circuit K. Or the second loop is connected.
  • the processor obtains the strength of the transceiver Q transceiver signal, and can obtain the first signal strength when the antenna assembly 10 forms the first loop in the current state, and the second signal strength when the second loop is formed, and the first signal is obtained.
  • a loop corresponding to a larger signal strength is determined as the target loop, and the control antenna assembly 10 is connected according to the determined target loop to ensure better signal transmission and reception strength.
  • the electronic device may further include a head hand model detecting sensor, and the head hand model detecting sensor is connected to the processor, and may be disposed at an edge position of the electronic device casing for acquiring the The current state of the head model of the electronic device.
  • the processor acquires the current head position detected by the head hand model sensor, and determines that the loop corresponding to the antenna end opposite to the current head hand position is the target loop, and controls the antenna assembly 10 to connect according to the target loop to avoid the head hand.
  • the technical problem of signal transmission and reception when the front head or the thumb is in contact with the antenna end ensures the stability of the signal transmission and reception strength and the stability of the communication quality.
  • the first end of the antenna body is connected to the first switch, and the second end is connected to the feed point circuit and the transceiver.
  • the processor adjusts the switching of the antenna end at both ends of the antenna body by controlling the opening and closing of the first switch, so that the antenna body can match the current state of the electronic device, thereby optimizing the signal transceiving function of the antenna component and improving the communication quality of the electronic device.
  • the circuit components of the antenna assembly are simple in layout, reducing the space occupation problem of the whole machine.
  • An auxiliary circuit composed of an inductor and a second switch is provided to effectively improve the antenna space shortage of the antenna body and improve the sensitivity of the antenna end switching circuit.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic flowchart diagram of an antenna configuration method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 9, an antenna configuration method is applied to the antenna component and the electronic device provided in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the antenna configuration method mainly includes the following steps:
  • Step 901 Determine a target loop that matches a current state of the electronic device, where the target loop is any one of a first loop or a second loop;
  • Step 902 Control the antenna components to be connected according to a connection mode corresponding to the target loop.
  • the processor of the electronic device when performing the circuit connection of the antenna component, first determines a target loop that matches the current state of the electronic device, that is, determines that the first loop or the second loop is the target loop. After the step of determining the target loop is completed, the antenna assembly can be controlled to connect to the circuit in accordance with the target loop.
  • the manner in which the processor determines the target loop according to the current state of the electronic device may be various, and may be determined according to the current signal strength of the two loops or the left and right hand model performance of the electronic device.
  • the target loop is determined based on the signal transceiving strength.
  • the electronic device may connect the antenna component according to the connection mode corresponding to the first loop, and when acquiring the first loop, the signal strength of the transceiver transceiver signal is used as the first signal strength. Then, the antenna component is connected according to the connection mode corresponding to the second loop, and when the second loop is obtained, the signal strength of the transceiver transceiver signal is used as the second signal strength.
  • the antenna component is controlled to be connected according to the target loop to implement a more efficient signal transceiving function.
  • the target loop is determined based on the current head position obtained by the head hand model detection sensor.
  • a head hand model detecting sensor can be disposed on the side of the electronic device for acquiring the current state of the head hand model. If it is detected that the front side of the user or the thumb is close to the first end of the antenna assembly, the loop of the antenna end at the second end of the antenna assembly needs to be selected as the target loop, and the first step can be controlled. A switch is closed to circumvent the influence of the user's front head or thumb on the end of the antenna. The strength of the signal transmitted and received by the antenna component of the electronic device is improved.
  • the first end of the antenna body is connected to the first switch, and the second end is connected to the feed point circuit and the transceiver.
  • the processor adjusts the switching of the antenna end at both ends of the antenna body by controlling the opening and closing of the first switch, so that the antenna body can match the current state of the electronic device, thereby optimizing the signal transceiving function of the antenna component and improving the communication quality of the electronic device.
  • the circuit components of the antenna assembly are simple in layout, reducing the space occupation problem of the whole machine.
  • An auxiliary circuit composed of an inductor and a second switch is provided to effectively improve the antenna space shortage of the antenna body and improve the sensitivity of the antenna end switching circuit.

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Abstract

本公开提供一种天线组件、电子设备和天线配置方法，其中天线组件包括：天线本体、第一开关、馈点电路和收发器；天线本体包括第一端部和第二端部，第一端部与第一开关的一端连接，第一开关的另一端接地，第二端部与馈点电路的一端连接，馈点电路的另一端与收发器连接；当第一开关闭合，天线本体与第一开关形成第一回路，第二端部形成天线末端；当第一开关断开，天线本体与馈点电路形成第二回路，第一端部形成天线末端。

Description

天线组件、电子设备和天线配置方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2018年1月25日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.201810074139.9的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及通信技术领域，特别涉及一种天线组件、电子设备和天线配置方法。
背景技术
随着通信技术的发展，电子设备的功能越来越强大，电子设备的通讯质量要求也越来越高。电子设备的天线组件在头手模型下的天线性能，会影响电子设备的通讯质量。相关技术中的天线组件的天线馈点位于电子设备主板的单侧，导致左右头手模性能差异较大，用户手持电子设备时不同握持姿态对电子设备的通讯质量影响较大。
为了改善用户握持姿态对电子设备的通讯质量影响，出现了通过设置两个馈点结构、馈电传输线、三个单刀双掷开关和两路天线匹配的天线组件。然而，上述天线组件的结构过于复杂，需要占用较大的整机空间，从而导致天线的加工成本和调试难度增加。
可见，上述天线组件存在结构较为复杂，需要占用较大的整机空间的技术问题。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供一种天线组件、电子设备和天线配置方法，以解决相关技术中天线组件存在结构较为复杂，需要占用较大的整机空间的技术问题。
第一方面，本公开实施例提供了一种天线组件，包括：天线本体、第一开关、馈点电路和收发器；
所述天线本体包括第一端部和第二端部，所述第一端部与所述第一开关 的一端连接，所述第一开关的另一端接地，所述第二端部与所述馈点电路的一端连接，所述馈点电路的另一端与所述收发器连接；
当所述第一开关闭合，所述天线本体与所述第一开关形成第一回路，所述第二端部形成天线末端；
当所述第一开关断开，所述天线本体与所述馈点电路形成第二回路，所述第一端部形成天线末端。
第二方面，本公开实施例提供了一种电子设备，包括设备本体、处理器以及如第一方面所述的天线组件，所述天线组件的第一开关的控制端、馈点电路的控制端和收发器均与所述处理器连接。
第三方面，本公开实施例还提供了一种天线配置方法，应用于第二方面所述的电子设备，包括：
确定与所述电子设备的当前状态匹配的目标回路，所述目标回路为第一回路或者第二回路中的任一种；
控制所述天线组件按照所述目标回路对应的连接模式连接。
在本公开实施例中，通过第一开关的开合即能实现天线末端的切换，使得天线组件的通讯质量不受用户握持姿态的影响。本公开实施例的天线组件，切换电路所需要的元器件仅包括第一开关和馈点电路，通过较少的元器件即可便捷实现天线末端的切换，结构简单，减少占用的整机空间。元器件部署较少，简化电路连接和控制，也有利于降低天线的加工成本和调试难度。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对本公开实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获取其他的附图。
图1是本公开实施例提供的一种天线组件的结构示意图；
图2是本公开实施例提供的另一种天线组件的结构示意图；
图3是本公开实施例提供的另一种天线组件的结构示意图；
图4是本公开实施例提供的图1至图3对应的天线组件的电压驻波比图；
图5是本公开实施例提供的另一种天线组件的结构示意图；
图6是本公开实施例提供的图5对应的天线组件的一种连接示意图；
图7是本公开实施例提供的图5对应的天线组件的另一种连接示意图；
图8是本公开实施例提供的图5至图7对应的天线组件的电压驻波比图；
图9是本公开实施例提供的天线配置方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
如图1所示，一种天线组件10，包括：天线本体S0、第一开关SW1、馈点电路K和收发器Q。所述天线本体S0的两端可以分别设为第一端部S1和第二端部S2，所述第一端部S1与所述第一开关SW1的一端连接，所述第一开关SW1的另一端接地。所述第二端部S2与所述馈点电路K的一端连接，所述馈点电路K的另一端与所述收发器Q连接。
所述天线本体S0为所述天线组件10的基本功能部件，用于实现天线组件10的信号收发功能，所述收发器Q用于执行信号收发功能。所述天线本体S0的第一端部S1与所述第一开关SW1的一端连接，所述第一开关SW1的另一端接地。所述第二端部S2与所述馈点电路K的一端连接，所述馈点电路K的另一端与所述收发器Q连接。通过控制所述第一开关SW1的断开或者闭合，结合馈点电路匹配天线本体，获取闭合回路上的高电场区的位置，闭合回路上的高电场区的位置即为天线末端的位置。通过确定天线末端的位置，控制天线本体S0所形成的闭合回路，进而实现天线末端的切换。
在一种实施方式中，所述天线组件10的长度取值范围可以为25毫米至60毫米，例如55毫米。所述第一端部S1和所述第二端部S2可以为天线本体S0的两端，也可以设置在距离天线本体侧端部一定距离的位置。例如，可以设置所述第一端部S1为距离天线本体侧天线端(如图1中所示的天线本体S0的最左端)的距离为0毫米至10毫米，设置所述第二端部S2为距离其所 在侧天线端(如图中所示的天线本体S0的最右端)的距离为0毫米至10毫米。所述第一端部S1和所述第二端部S2用于指示所述天线本体S0两端结构，其具体设置位置不做限定。
在一种实施方式中，通过闭合回路的电场分布确定天线末端的过程可以为：将所述第一开关SW1闭合，此时所述天线本体S0与所述第一开关SW1形成第一回路，所述第一回路还包括馈点电路K和收发器Q，该第一回路中，天线本体S0的第一端部S1为低电场区，第二端部S2为高电场区。由于第一回路中的高电场区为第二端部S2，则所述天线组件按照第一回路对应的连接模式连接时，天线末端为所述天线本体S0的第二端部S2。
在另一种实施方式中，通过闭合回路的电场分布确定天线末端的过程还可以为：将所述第一开关SW1断开，此时所述天线本体S0与所述馈点电路K和所述收发器Q形成第二回路。在该第二回路中，天线本体S0的第一端部S1为高电场区，第二端部S2为低电场区。由于第二回路中的高电场区为第一端部S1，则所述天线组件按照第二回路对应的连接模式连接时，天线末端为所述天线本体S0的第一端部S1。
将所述天线组件10应用于电子设备时，可以根据电子设备的当前状态，选择第一回路或者第二回路作为目标回路，控制天线组件10按照所述目标回路进行连接，以实现高效的信号连接。
在一种实施方式中，可以根据信号收发强度确定目标回路。在需要进行目标回路确定时，电子设备可以将天线组件10按照第一回路连接，获取第一回路时，所述收发器Q收发信号的信号强度，作为第一信号强度。再将天线组件10按照第二回路连接，获取第二回路时，所述收发器Q收发信号的信号强度，作为第二信号强度。将所述第一信号强度与所述第二信号强度进行比较，将所述第一信号强度和所述第二信号强度中，较大的信号强度对应的回路确定为所述目标回路，即可控制所述天线组件10按照所述目标回路连接，以实现高效的信号收发功能。
在上述实施例中，所述电子设备还可以按照轮询方式，控制所述天线组件10按照一定周期，按照所述第一回路对应的连接模式连接，获取多个信号强度值，将多个信号强度值的平均值或者最高值，或者其他关联参数作为所 述第一信号强度。再控制所述天线组件10按照一定周期，按照所述第二回路对应的连接模式连接，获取多个信号强度值，将多个信号旗强度值的平均值或者最高值，或者其他关联参数作为所述第二信号强度。也可以间隔连接第一回路或者第二回路，其他能获取第一回路的第一信号强度和所述第二回路的信号强度的方式均可适用于本实施例，在此不做限定。
在另一种实施方式中，还可以根据电子设备的头手模型的当前状态确定目标回路。电子设备内设置有头手模型，用于模拟用户手持电子设备的当前状态，头手模型可以包括头模型和左右手模型。头模型用于模拟用户头部相对于电子设备的位置，尤其是相对于电子设备内天线组件10的天线末端的位置。可以以用户耳朵为界，用户头部分为面部眼睛所在侧的前侧头部和头部头发所在侧的后侧头部。前侧头部越靠近所述电子设备的天线组件10的天线末端，前侧头部吸收天线组件10收发信号的能量越多，导致天线组件10收发信号的强度较小。相反的，后侧头部越靠近所述电子设备的天线组件10的天线末端，后侧头部吸收天线组件10收发信号的能量较少，天线组件10收发信号的强度较大。
左右手模型用于模拟用户左右手持电子设备的位置，尤其是模拟手的大拇指位置与所述电子设备的天线组件10的相对位置，左右手模型可以主要包括大拇指和小拇指。大拇指越靠近所述电子设备的天线末端，大拇指遮挡信号较多，导致天线组件10收发信号的强度较小。小拇指越靠近所述电子设备的天线末端，小拇指遮挡信号较少，天线组件10收发信号的强度越大。
于上述实施例的目标回路的选择操作中，可以根据头手模型的当前状态选择匹配的连接状态，以规避用户前侧头部或者大拇指靠近天线末端，对天线组件10收发信号的影响。具体的，可以在电子设备侧边设置头手模型检测传感器，用于获取头手模当前状态。若检测到用户前侧头部或者大拇指靠近所述天线组件10的第一端部S1，则需要选择天线末端在所述天线组件10的第二端部S2的回路作为目标回路，此时可以控制所述第一开关SW1闭合，以规避用户前侧头部或者大拇指对所述天线末端的影响。提高了电子设备的天线组件10收发信号的强度。
电子设备多采用金属外壳，尤其是全金属外壳作为天线，用户手握电子 设备的金属外壳时，会存在电子设备的信号快速衰落的“死亡之握”问题，其实质是因为用户手持电子设备时，大拇指贴近天线末端导致信号迅速衰落。因此通过左右手模型的当前状态选择合适的天线末端位置，进一步保证了电子设备的通信质量的稳定性。本公开实施例提供的天线组件10可以应用于多种外壳形式的电子设备，例如非金属外壳、全金属外壳、三段式缝隙全金属外壳、U形缝隙全金属外壳、金属边框加非金属盖板等各种外壳材质的电子设备，不做限定。
在上述实施例的基础上，用于决定天线组件10的天线末端位置的馈点电路K可以有多种实现方式。所述馈点电路K可以包括可变阻抗器件，所述第二端部S2经由所述可变阻抗器件与所述收发器Q连接。具体的，如图1所示，所述可变阻抗器件可以为可变电容C，所述天线本体S0的第二端部S2与所述可变电容C的一端连接，所述可变电容C的另一端连接到所述收发器Q。所述可变电容C可以是任意具有变容特性的器件，如行业内常见的开关阵列可变电容、压控可变电容等，以使其适应连接回路所需要的电容值。其中，开关阵列可变电容通过开关切换不同的电容支路组合出不同的电容值，压控可变电容可以通过改变电压值来改变电容的容值，如电压越高电容越小。
上述方案中，可变电容C具有两个作用：当用于第一回路时，使得天线阻抗匹配至50欧，谐振频率调整范围小；当用于第二回路时，可用于调谐天线组件的谐振频率，谐振频率调整范围大。
在上述实施例的基础上，可以将所述可变电容C的电容取值范围设置为0皮法至10皮法。若所述天线组件10以第一回路连接，此时可以调节所述可变电容C的取值为0.5皮法至2皮法，主要完成将天线阻抗匹配至50欧的作用。若所述天线组件10以第二回路连接，此时可以调节所述可变电容C的取值为3皮法至10皮法，可有效的调整谐振频率，使得可调频带范围较宽，如低频700M-960M范围内调整谐振频率。
在上述实施例的基础上，考虑到天线组件10应用到移动终端内时，随着全面屏的普及，天线本体S0距离地面和损耗器件的距离越来越小，此时天线的失配变得更加严重。为了改善天线失配，还可以增设辅助支路。如图2所示，所述天线组件10还可以包括电感和第二开关SW2，此处电感设为第一 电感L1，所述第一电感L1和第二开关SW2串联成辅助支路。所述辅助支路的一端与所述馈点电路K连接，所述辅助电路的另一端接地。
具体的，可以将所述第二开关SW2的一端连接到所述馈点电路K，将所述第二开关SW2的另一端连接到所述第一电感L1的一端，将所述第一电感L1的另一端接地。此外，还可以将所述第一电感L1的一端连接到所述馈点电路K，将所述第一电感L1的另一端连接到所述第二开关SW2的一端，将所述第二开关SW2的另一端接地。
所述辅助支路可以连接到所述馈点电路K与所述第二端部S2的连接点，也可以连接到所述馈点电路K与所述收发器Q的连接点，其他能实现通过所述第一电感L1和所述第二开关SW2组成的辅助支路的实现方式，以及用于辅助调节天线末端位置的辅助电路与馈点电路的连接方式均可适用于本实施例，不作限定。
于上述实施例中，所述第一电感的取值可以设置为2纳亨至15纳亨，用于将天线本体S0匹配至50欧。本实施例提供的天线组件10，通过第一开关SW1和第二开关SW2即可有效实现天线组件10的电路通断，且简化第一回路和所述第二回路的元器件部署，减少成本和调试难度。
在另一种实施方式中，所述馈点电路K还可以为电感和开关组成的并联电路，设为第二电感L2和第三开关SW3。如图3所示，将所述第二电感L2和所述第三开关SW3并联成馈点电路K，将并联电路的一端与所述天线本体S0的第二端部S2连接，将所述并联电路的另一端连接到收发器Q。在所述第二回路中，将所述第三开关SW3闭合，此时馈点电路K短路，所述第二端部S2经由所述第三开关SW3直接连接到所述收发器Q，此时第二开关SW2闭合用于将天线阻抗匹配至50欧。在所述第一回路中，将所述第三开关SW3断开，所述第二端部S2经由所述第二电感L2连接至所述收发器Q，第二电感L2可实现将天线阻抗匹配至50欧，此时第二开关SW2断开。若用于匹配低频信号，所述第二电感L2的取值可以为15纳亨至50纳亨，可选为20纳亨。若用于匹配中高频信号，所述第二电感L2的取值可以为5纳亨至15纳亨，可选为8纳亨。此外，第一回路时，也可以第二开关SW2闭合，此时第二电感L2和第一电感L1一起完成天线阻抗匹配至50欧的功能，其中改变 第二电感L2的值可实现频率可调功能。其他能实现此效果的馈点电路K的实现方式均可适用于本实施例，不做限定。
于上述实施例中，天线组件10按照所述第一回路或者所述第二回路连接，均可产生两个频段的谐振模态。如图4所述，可以表示天线组件的电压驻波比图。横轴表示谐振模态覆盖频率，纵轴表示天线组件的电压驻波比。本实施例提供的天线组件的谐振模态可以包括低频谐振模态f1和高频谐振模态f3。所述高频谐振模态可以为低频的三倍频，具体的低频谐振模态的频率范围可以为：700M至960M，高频谐振模态的频率范围可以为2300M至2690M。
上述实施例提供给的天线组件10，可以应用于三段式缝隙全金属外壳的电子设备的下天线。天线缝隙的宽度可以取1.5毫米，所述天线本体S0的横向长度可以取55毫米。本实施例提供的天线组件10，使得电子设备的右手模型的总辐射功率有明显改善，右头手模型和左头手模型的总辐射功率的差异值明显缩小，使得电子设备的左右头手模型的综合性能得到显著提升。
上述本公开实施例提供的天线组件，天线本体的第一端部连接第一开关，第二端部与馈点电路和收发器连接。通过控制第一开关的开合，调节天线末端在天线本体两端的切换，以使得天线本体可以匹配电子设备的当前状态，以优化天线组件的信号收发功能，提高电子设备的通信质量。天线组件的电路元件布局简单，减少整机空间占用问题。设置电感和第二开关组成的辅助电路，有效改善天线本体的阻抗失配问题，提高天线末端切换电路的性能。
参见图5，为本公开另一实施例提供的天线组件的结构示意图。本公开实施例提供的天线组件与上述实施例提供的天线组件的区别主要在于：增设天线分支，以获得更宽的谐振频率，满足多载波聚合(Carrier Aggregation，CA)的要求。如图5所示，一种天线组件10，包括：天线本体S0、第一天线分支A1、第二天线分支A2、第一开关SW1、馈点电路K和收发器Q，所述第一天线分支A1与所述天线本体S0的第一端部S1连接，所述第二天线分支A2与所述天线本体S0的第二端部S2连接。所述第一端部S1与所述第一开关SW1的一端连接，所述第一开关SW1的另一端接地。所述第二端部S2与所述馈点电路K的一端连接，所述馈点电路K的另一端连接所述收发器Q。
所述天线本体S0、所述第一天线分支A1和所述第二天线分支A2组成所述天线组件10的基本功能结构，实现天线组件10的信号收发功能。在一种实施方式中，所述天线组件10的长度取值范围可以为25毫米至60毫米，可选为40毫米。所述第一天线分支A1和所述第二天线分支A2的长度取值范围可以为10毫米至35毫米，可选为25毫米。所述第一端部S1和所述第二端部S2用于指示所述天线本体S0两端结构，其具体设置位置不做限定。
将所述第一开关SW1闭合，此时所述天线本体S0、所述第一开关SW1、所述馈点电路K和所述收发器Q形成第一回路，此时天线末端为所述第二端部S2。如图6所示，第二天线分支A2与所述天线本体S0形成一个主分支Z，所述第一天线分支A1形成一个与主分支Z并联的辅分支F。主分支Z主要用于产生低频和高频的谐振模态，主分支Z的天线末端在所述第二端部S2。辅分支F主要用于产生中频的谐振模态，辅分支F的天线末端在所述第一端部S1。
将所述第一开关SW1断开，此时所述天线本体S0与所述馈点电路K和所述收发器Q形成第二回路。如图7所示，第一天线分支A1与所述天线本体S0形成一个主分支Z，所述第二天线分支A2形成一个与主分支Z并联的辅分支F。主分支Z用于产生低频和高频的谐振模态，主分支Z的天线末端位于第一端部S1，辅分支F主要用于产生中频的谐振模态，辅分支F的天线末端位于第二端部S2。
于上述实施例中，天线组件10按照所述第一回路或者所述第二回路连接，均可产生三个频段的谐振模态。如图8所示，可以表示天线组件的电压驻波比图。横轴表示谐振模态覆盖频率f，纵轴表示天线组件的电压驻波比。本实施例提供的天线组件的谐振模态可以包括低频谐振模态f1、中频谐振模态f2和高频谐振模态f3，其中，中频谐振模态f2的频率范围可以为1710M至2170M。
上述本公开实施例提供的天线组件，天线本体的第一端部连接第一开关，第二端部与馈点电路和收发器连接。通过控制第一开关的开合，调节天线末端在天线本体两端的切换，以使得天线本体可以匹配电子设备的当前状态，以优化天线组件的信号收发功能，提高电子设备的通信质量。天线组件的电路元件布局简单，减少整机空间占用问题。增设第一天线分支和第二天线分 支，使得所述第一天线分支、所述天线本体和所述第二分支可以配合形成天线组件的主分支和辅分支，主分支用于产生低频和高频的谐振模态，辅分支用于产生中频的谐振模态，使得天线组件可以同时产生低频、中频和高频的谐振模态，满足多载波聚合要求，提高电子设备收发信号的频带宽度，进一步提高通信质量。本公开实施例提供的天线组件的具体实施过程，可参见上述实施例提供的天线组件的具体实施过程，在此不再一一赘述。
本公开实施例还涉及一种电子设备，包括设备本体、处理器以及天线组件，所述天线组件可以为上述实施例提供的天线组件。如图1至图3，以及图5至图7所示，所述天线组件10可以包括天线本体S0、第一开关SW1、馈点电路K和收发器Q，所述天线本体S0包括第一端部S1和第二端部S2，所述第一端部S1与所述第一开关SW1连接，所述第二端部S2与所述馈点电路K连接，馈点电路K与收发器Q连接。天线组件10设置于设备本体内或者设备本体的外壳内，天线组件10的第一开关SW1的控制端、馈点电路K的控制端和收发器Q均与所述处理器连接。
处理器与所述第一开关SW1的控制端和馈点电路K的控制端连接，通过控制第一开关SW1的开合和馈点电路K的连接状态，控制所述天线组件10按照第一回路或者第二回路连接。处理器获取收发器Q收发信号的强度，可以获取当前状态下，天线组件10组成第一回路时的第一信号强度，以及组成第二回路时的第二信号强度，并将所述第一信号强度和所述第二信号强度中，较大的信号强度对应的回路确定为所述目标回路，控制天线组件10按照所确定的目标回路连接，以保证较好的信号收发强度。
在上述实施例的基础上，所述电子设备还可以包括头手模型检测传感器，所述头手模型检测传感器与所述处理器连接，可以设置在电子设备外壳的边缘位置，用于获取所述电子设备的头手模型的当前状态。处理器获取所述头手模型传感器检测的当前头手位置，并确定与当前头手位置相反的天线末端对应的回路为目标回路，并控制天线组件10按照所述目标回路连接，以避免头手模型的当前头手位置中，前侧头部或者大拇指与天线末端接触时影响信号收发的技术问题，保证了信号收发强度的稳定性和通信质量的稳定性。
上述本公开实施例提供的电子设备，设置天线本体的第一端部连接第一 开关，第二端部与馈点电路和收发器连接。处理器通过控制第一开关的开合，调节天线末端在天线本体两端的切换，以使得天线本体可以匹配电子设备的当前状态，以优化天线组件的信号收发功能，提高电子设备的通信质量。天线组件的电路元件布局简单，减少整机空间占用问题。设置电感和第二开关组成的辅助电路，有效改善天线本体的天线空间不足问题，提高天线末端切换电路的灵敏度。本公开实施例提供的电子设备的具体实施过程，可以参见上述实施例提供给的天线组件的具体实施过程，在此不再一一赘述。
参见图9，为本公开一实施例提供的天线配置方法的流程示意图。如图9所示，一种天线配置方法，应用于上述实施例提供的天线组件和电子设备。所述天线配置方法主要包括以下步骤：
步骤901、确定与所述电子设备的当前状态匹配的目标回路，所述目标回路为第一回路或者第二回路中的任一种；
步骤902、控制所述天线组件按照所述目标回路对应的连接模式连接。
电子设备的处理器在进行天线组件的电路连接时，要先确定与所述电子设备的当前状态匹配的目标回路，即为确定所述第一回路或者所述第二回路为所述目标回路。完成确定所述目标回路的步骤之后，即可控制所述天线组件按照所述目标回路连接电路。处理器根据电子设备的当前状态确定目标回路的方式可以有多种，可以根据两种回路当前的信号强度或者电子设备的左右头手模性能确定。
在一种实施方式中，根据信号收发强度确定目标回路。在需要进行目标回路确定时，电子设备可以将天线组件按照第一回路对应的连接模式连接，获取第一回路时，所述收发器收发信号的信号强度，作为第一信号强度。再将天线组件按照第二回路对应的连接模式连接，获取第二回路时，所述收发器收发信号的信号强度，作为第二信号强度。将所述第一信号强度与所述第二信号强度进行比较，将所述第一信号强度和所述第二信号强度中，较大的信号强度对应的回路确定为所述目标回路，即可控制所述天线组件按照所述目标回路连接，以实现较为高效的信号收发功能。
在另一种实施方式中，根据头手模型检测传感器获取的当前头手位置确定目标回路。具体的，可以在电子设备侧边设置头手模型检测传感器，用于 获取头手模当前状态。若检测到用户前侧头部或者大拇指靠近所述天线组件的第一端部，则需要选择天线末端在所述天线组件的第二端部的回路作为目标回路，此时可以控制所述第一开关闭合，以规避用户前侧头部或者大拇指对所述天线末端的影响。提高了电子设备的天线组件收发信号的强度。
上述本公开实施例提供的天线配置方法，设置天线本体的第一端部连接第一开关，第二端部与馈点电路和收发器连接。处理器通过控制第一开关的开合，调节天线末端在天线本体两端的切换，以使得天线本体可以匹配电子设备的当前状态，以优化天线组件的信号收发功能，提高电子设备的通信质量。天线组件的电路元件布局简单，减少整机空间占用问题。设置电感和第二开关组成的辅助电路，有效改善天线本体的天线空间不足问题，提高天线末端切换电路的灵敏度。本公开实施例提供的天线配置方法的具体实施过程，可以参见上述实施例提供给的天线组件和电子设备的具体实施过程，在此不再一一赘述。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此，本公开的保护范围应以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种天线组件，包括：天线本体、第一开关、馈点电路和收发器；
    所述天线本体包括第一端部和第二端部，所述第一端部与所述第一开关的一端连接，所述第一开关的另一端接地，所述第二端部与所述馈点电路的一端连接，所述馈点电路的另一端与所述收发器连接；
    当所述第一开关闭合，所述天线本体与所述第一开关形成第一回路，所述第二端部形成天线末端；
    当所述第一开关断开，所述天线本体与所述馈点电路形成第二回路，所述第一端部形成天线末端。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线组件，还包括第一天线分支和第二天线分支，所述的第一天线分支与所述第一端部连接，所述第二天线分支与所述第二端部连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的天线组件，其中，所述天线本体的长度取值范围是25毫米至60毫米，所述第一天线分支和所述第二天线分支的长度取值范围均为10毫米至35毫米。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的天线组件，其中，所述馈点电路包括可变阻抗器件，所述第二端部经由所述可变阻抗器件与所述收发器连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的天线组件，还包括电感和第二开关，所述电感和所述第二开关串联成辅助支路，所述辅助支路的一端与所述馈点电路连接，所述辅助支路的另一端接地。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的天线组件，其中，所述可变阻抗器件为可变电容，所述第一回路中，所述可变电容的取值为0.5皮法至2皮法，所述第二回路中，所述可变电容的取值为3皮法至10皮法。
  7. 一种电子设备，包括设备本体、处理器以及如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的天线组件，所述天线组件的第一开关的控制端、馈点电路的控制端和收发器均与所述处理器连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电子设备，还包括头手模型检测传感器，所述头手模型检测传感器与所述处理器连接。
  9. 一种天线配置方法，应用于如权利要求7或者8所述的电子设备，包括：
    确定与所述电子设备的当前状态匹配的目标回路，所述目标回路为第一回路或者第二回路中的任一种；
    控制所述天线组件按照所述目标回路对应的连接模式连接。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，所述确定与所述电子设备的当前状态匹配的目标回路的步骤，包括：
    获取当前状态下，所述天线组件组成第一回路时的第一信号强度，以及组成第二回路时的第二信号强度；
    将所述第一信号强度和所述第二信号强度中，较大的信号强度对应的回路确定为所述目标回路。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其中，所述电子设备还包括头手模型检测传感器，所述头手模型检测传感器与所述处理器连接；
    所述确定与所述电子设备的当前状态匹配的目标回路的步骤，包括：
    获取所述头手模型检测传感器检测的当前头手位置；
    将天线末端位置与所述当前头手位置相反的回路，确定为所述目标回路。
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