WO2019138972A1 - Dispositif d'affichage et procédé d'affichage - Google Patents

Dispositif d'affichage et procédé d'affichage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019138972A1
WO2019138972A1 PCT/JP2019/000091 JP2019000091W WO2019138972A1 WO 2019138972 A1 WO2019138972 A1 WO 2019138972A1 JP 2019000091 W JP2019000091 W JP 2019000091W WO 2019138972 A1 WO2019138972 A1 WO 2019138972A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
display
image
distance
projection
screen
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2019/000091
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
橋村淳司
Original Assignee
コニカミノルタ株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by コニカミノルタ株式会社 filed Critical コニカミノルタ株式会社
Priority to JP2019564672A priority Critical patent/JP7121349B2/ja
Publication of WO2019138972A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019138972A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/74—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a display method and display apparatus in which the projection position of a virtual image is variable.
  • a head-up display hereinafter also referred to as a HUD (Head-Up Display)
  • a HUD Head-Up Display
  • the HUD device reduces the risk compared to conventional speedometers and other devices that display information on an instrument panel in that the driver while driving can check the display without significantly moving his or her gaze or point of view. There is a merit.
  • the HUD device will be actively used as a display device for supporting the safe driving of the driver, and at that time, it is necessary to surely transmit the hazard information to be transmitted and information to be careful to the driver.
  • the display method can be made more natural by providing a display method that allows the target to be watched by the driver in front of the driver to be watched without shifting the eyes or the viewpoint greatly from the target. It is possible to recognize information such as danger without a sense of incongruity and faster.
  • the HUD device is required to display the projection distance of the virtual image to be displayed with the distance at which the target is present, with the coordinates being matched in the vertical plane of the distance.
  • a HUD device needs to have an optical system in which the distance for projecting a virtual image is variable. At that time, if the projection distance of the virtual image can be changed from near side to far side within, for example, 1/60 sec, the driver can simultaneously recognize the projection images of all distances and can display a stereoscopic image. Become.
  • Patent Documents 1 to 6 Several known display devices have been proposed in which a display image as a virtual image is generated at a plurality of locations at different distances from the driver.
  • a virtual image is formed using a plurality of display panels different in arrangement, thereby changing the display distance to the virtual image without providing the movable portion.
  • a relay optical system is disposed between the display element and the imaging optical system, and while an intermediate image is formed by the relay optical system, the position of the optical element constituting the relay optical system is changed. The position of the intermediate image is changed, and the projection distance of the virtual image is changed.
  • a stereoscopic image can be obtained by superposing planar images as a plurality of virtual images different in position within, for example, 1/60 second.
  • a diffusion plate is disposed at the position of an intermediate image.
  • the display screen of the head-up display device (hereinafter, also referred to as HUD) is vertically divided and projected on the near side and the far side. At this time, regarding the display on the far side, the intermediate screen is moved to make the projection distance of the virtual image variable.
  • a laser scanning is used in an optical system for forming a virtual image
  • an intermediate screen is disposed in an optical path
  • a projection distance of a virtual image is made variable by moving the intermediate screen.
  • Patent Document 1 obtains two projection distances using two mirror surfaces, and if it is attempted to increase the number of set projection distances, the number of mirrors is increased, and the apparatus becomes larger and more complex. .
  • Patent Document 4 describes that a diffusion plate is disposed at the position of an intermediate image
  • the present invention is limited to the case of using an optical scanning type device for the display panel.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a display device capable of displaying a virtual image different in display position including a depth direction while changing at high speed.
  • a display method reflecting one aspect of the present invention projects image light formed by a display element onto a diffusion-type intermediate screen and forms the intermediate screen.
  • the image is divided into a plurality of display zones and displayed on the display element, and when the observer sees the image shift with respect to the viewpoint shift on the basis of the viewpoint shift in which the display time of each display zone is expected to be the eye position of the observer Control is performed so that the image shift is within an allowable angle defined as an unobtrusive range.
  • the movement of the intermediate image includes the case where the intermediate image apparently moves.
  • An intermediate screen for diffusing light at a projection position
  • a second projection optical system for enlarging and projecting an intermediate image formed on the intermediate screen to form a virtual image
  • a drive unit for moving the intermediate image in the optical axis direction
  • an intermediate image The projection distance of the virtual image is divided into a plurality of overlapping display zones in synchronization with the movement of the display to cause the display element to perform display, and the display time of each display zone is based on the viewpoint shift expected for the observer's eye position.
  • a control unit configured to control the image shift with respect to the viewpoint shift to be within an allowable angle defined as a range in which the image shift is not noticeable when viewed by the observer.
  • FIG. 1A is a side cross-sectional view showing a state in which a head-up display device, which is the display device of the first embodiment, is mounted on a vehicle body
  • FIG. 1B is a front view from the inside of the vehicle explaining the head-up display device. is there.
  • It is an expansion side sectional view explaining a concrete example of composition of a projection optical system etc. which constitute a head up display device which is a display.
  • FIGS. 3A and 3B are a partially broken plan view and a partially broken side view for explaining the structure of the diffusion unit incorporating the intermediate screen
  • FIG. 3C is a perspective view for explaining the rotating body in the diffusion unit.
  • FIG. 4A and 4B are side views for explaining the setting of the reference axis of the rotating body
  • FIG. 4C is a conceptual view for explaining the movement of the functional area accompanying the rotation of the intermediate screen.
  • It is a figure which illustrates change of a position of an intermediate image concretely.
  • It is a figure which shows the relationship between the position of an intermediate image, and a projection distance, and demonstrates a display zone and a distance zone.
  • It is a figure explaining the case where a projection image is a sign like a frame which encloses an object.
  • It is a block diagram explaining the whole structure of a head-up display apparatus.
  • FIG. 11A corresponds to FIG. 5, and FIGS. 11B to 11D correspond to the projected image or frame in FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a figure explaining the operation example of the head-up display apparatus shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 17 is a diagram specifically illustrating changes in position of an intermediate image by the display device incorporating the diffusion unit of FIG. 16.
  • FIGS. 1A and 1B are conceptual side cross-sectional views and a front view illustrating an image display device 100 in a head-up display device as a display device of the embodiment.
  • the image display apparatus 100 is mounted, for example, in a vehicle body 2 of a car, and includes a projection unit 10 and a display screen 20.
  • the image display device 100 displays a virtual image of image information displayed on a drawing device 11 (described later) in the projection unit 10 toward the driver VD via the display screen 20, and may also be called a display device. .
  • the projection unit 10 of the image display apparatus 100 is installed in the dashboard 4 of the vehicle body 2 and embedded behind the display 50, and is display light which is image light corresponding to an image including driving related information and the like. Eject DL toward display screen 20.
  • the display screen 20 is also called a combiner and is a semitransparent concave mirror or a plane mirror.
  • the display screen 20 is erected on the dashboard 4 by the support of the lower end, and reflects the display light (image light) DL from the projection unit 10 toward the rear of the vehicle body 2. That is, in the illustrated case, the display screen 20 is an independent type installed separately from the front window 8.
  • the display light DL reflected by the display screen 20 is led to an eye box (not shown) corresponding to the pupil PU of the driver VD seated on the driver's seat 6 and the peripheral position thereof.
  • the driver VD can observe the display light DL reflected by the display screen 20, that is, the projected image IM as a virtual image in front of the vehicle body 2.
  • the driver VD can observe external light transmitted through the display screen 20, that is, a front view, a real image of a car or the like.
  • the driver VD superimposes an external image or a see-through image behind the display screen 20, and a projection image (virtual image including relevant information such as driving related information formed by the reflection of the display light DL on the display screen 20) ) IM can be observed.
  • the display screen 20 is configured separately from the front window 8, using the front window 8 as a display screen, the display area set in the front window 8 is projected, and the driver VD generates a projection image IM It may be configured to be able to observe the At this time, the reflection area can be secured by changing the reflectance of a partial area of the glass of the front window 8 by coating or the like.
  • the reflection angle at the front window 8 is, for example, about 60 degrees, the reflectance is secured to about 15%, and it can be used as a reflective surface having transparency even without providing a coat. Besides these, it is also possible to provide a display screen in a configuration which is sandwiched in the glass of the front window 8.
  • the projection unit 10 includes a main optical system 13 which is a virtual image type magnifying imaging system including a drawing device 11, a display control unit 18 which operates the main optical system 13, a main optical system 13, and the like. And a housing 14 for housing the Among these, the combination of the main body optical system 13 and the display screen 20 constitutes a display optical system 30.
  • the body optical system 13 includes, in addition to the drawing device 11, an imaging optical system 15 which is a first projection optical system that forms an intermediate image TI obtained by enlarging the image formed on the drawing device 11, and the intermediate image TI as a virtual image. It includes a virtual image forming optical system 17 which is a second projection optical system to be converted, and a diffusion unit 16 disposed between the two optical systems 15 and 17 for projection.
  • an imaging optical system 15 which is a first projection optical system that forms an intermediate image TI obtained by enlarging the image formed on the drawing device 11, and the intermediate image TI as a virtual image.
  • It includes a virtual image forming optical system 17 which is a second projection optical system to be converted, and a diffusion unit 16 disposed between the two optical systems 15 and 17 for projection.
  • the drawing device 11 is a display element having a two-dimensional display surface 11 a.
  • An image formed on the display surface 11 a of the drawing device (display element) 11 is enlarged by the imaging optical system (first projection optical system) 15 and projected on the spiral intermediate screen 19 provided in the diffusion section 16. Ru.
  • the drawing device 11 capable of two-dimensional display, switching of the projection image on the intermediate screen 19, that is, switching of the projection image IM displayed as a virtual image through the display screen 20 can be made relatively fast.
  • the drawing device 11 may be a reflective element such as DMD (Digital Mirror Device) or LCOS (Liquid crystal on silicon), or may be a transmissive element such as liquid crystal.
  • the drawing device 11 when DMD or LCOS is used as the drawing device 11, it is easy to switch images at high speed (including high-speed intermittent display) while maintaining the brightness, which is advantageous for display in which the virtual image distance or projection distance is changed. is there.
  • the drawing device 11 operates at a frame rate of 30 fps or more, more preferably 60 fps or more with respect to each projection distance. This makes it possible to make a plurality of projection images (virtual images) IM appear to be simultaneously displayed to the driver VD at different projection distances.
  • the DMD or LCOS is a candidate for the drawing device 11.
  • the projected image IM can be a marker such as a frame surrounding an object in front of the eye.
  • the diffusion unit 16 is disposed at a projection position or an imaging position (that is, an imaging planned position of an intermediate image or in the vicinity thereof) by the imaging optical system (first projection optical system) 15, and includes the rotating body 16a and the hollow frame 16b. And driven by the rotational drive unit 64 to rotate around the reference axis SX at a constant speed, for example.
  • FIG. 3A is a front view explaining the diffusion part 16
  • FIG. 3B is a side cross-sectional view explaining the diffusion part 16
  • FIG. 3C is a perspective view explaining the rotating body 16a in the diffusion part 16. is there.
  • the diffusion portion 16 has a spiral rotary body 16a having an outline close to a disc as a whole and a cylindrical hollow frame 16b accommodating the rotary body 16a.
  • the rotating body 16a has a central portion 16c and an outer peripheral optical portion 16p.
  • One surface 16f formed on the outer peripheral optical portion 16p of the rotating body 16a is formed on a smooth surface or an optical surface, and an intermediate screen 19 is formed on the entire surface of the surface 16f.
  • the surface 16 f of the rotating body 16 a functions as a three-dimensional shape portion 116.
  • the intermediate screen 19 is a diffusion plate in which the light distribution angle is controlled to a desired angle.
  • the intermediate screen 19 can be a sheet to be attached to the rotating body 16a, but may be a fine concavo-convex pattern formed on the surface of the rotating body 16a. Furthermore, the intermediate screen 19 may be formed so as to be embedded inside the rotating body 16a.
  • the intermediate screen 19 forms an intermediate image TI by diffusing the incident display light DL (see FIG. 2).
  • the other surface 16s formed on the outer peripheral optical portion 16p of the rotating body 16a is formed on a smooth surface or an optical surface.
  • the rotating body 16 a is a light transmitting helical member, and the pair of surfaces 16 f and 16 s are helical surfaces having the reference axis SX as a helical axis.
  • the intermediate screen 19 formed on the one surface 16f is also formed along the continuous spiral surface.
  • the intermediate screen 19 is formed in a range corresponding to one cycle of the spiral. That is, the intermediate screen 19 is formed in the range of one pitch of the spiral.
  • a stepped portion 16 j is formed at one position along the periphery of the diffusion portion 16, and this stepped portion 16 j has a difference in intermediate screen position in the optical axis AX direction or the reference axis SX direction at the position corresponding to the spiral end. It is something to give.
  • This step amount is set by the specifications of the near side and the far side of the distance for projecting the virtual image, and the magnification of the virtual image forming optical system 17 which is the second projection optical system.
  • the step difference 16j is to give a distance difference or pitch of 30 mm or less, the thickness of the diffusion part 16 in the direction of the optical axis AX can be made relatively small, and the diffusion part 16 can be miniaturized.
  • the stepped portion 16 j connects the steps between the spiral ends and has a connecting surface 16 k inclined with respect to a plane including the reference axis SX for rotating the diffusion portion 16.
  • the pair of surfaces 16f and 16s of the rotating body 16a is a helical surface having the reference axis SX as a helical axis, the rotating body 16a has a thickness t substantially equal to the reference axis SX or the optical axis AX direction.
  • one portion along the circumferential direction is a functional area FA through which the optical axis AX of the main optical system 13 passes, and an intermediate image TI is formed by the portion of the intermediate screen 19 in the functional area FA.
  • the functional area FA moves at a constant speed on the rotating body 16a as the rotating body 16a rotates. That is, the position of the functional area FA or the intermediate image TI reciprocates along the optical axis AX by causing the display light (image light) DL to be incident on the functional area FA which is a part thereof while rotating the rotating body 16 a. (If the display of the drawing device 11 is not working, the intermediate image as the display is not necessarily formed, but the position where the intermediate image will be formed is also called the position of the intermediate image).
  • the functional area FA or the intermediate image TI of the intermediate screen 19 is stepped in the optical axis AX direction by one rotation of the rotating body 16a. It makes one round trip by a distance equivalent to
  • the imaging optical system (first projection optical system) 15 has a predetermined focal depth greater than the movement range of the functional area FA so that defocusing does not occur depending on the position of the intermediate screen 19.
  • it is also possible to obtain an image without blur by providing the above-described imaging optical system (first projection optical system) 15 with a function of dynamically focusing.
  • the hollow frame 16b has a cylindrical outer contour, and includes a side surface portion 16e and a pair of end surface portions 16g and 16h.
  • the side surface portion 16e and the pair of end surface portions 16g and 16h are formed of the same light transmitting material. However, the side surface portion 16 e may not have light transparency.
  • the main surfaces 63a and 63b of one end surface portion 16g are smooth surfaces or optical surfaces parallel to each other, and the main surfaces 64a and 64b of the other end surface portion 16h are also smooth surfaces or optical surfaces parallel to each other There is.
  • the main surfaces 63a and 63b or the main surfaces 64a and 64b may not necessarily be parallel planes, and it is difficult to secure performance, for example, if the range corresponding to at least the functional area FA is a free curved surface or aspheric surface. Even in a high magnification optical system, it is possible to secure image performance such as distortion and image surface property required of the optical system, and therefore, it is sufficient to select a desired surface shape as needed.
  • the rotating body 16a in the hollow frame 16b is fixed to the hollow frame 16b via the pair of central shaft portions 65, and the hollow frame 16b and the rotating body 16a integrally rotate around the reference axis SX Do.
  • the rotating body 16a As described above, by arranging the rotary body 16a provided with the intermediate screen 19 in the hollow frame 16b, adhesion of dust and the like to the rotary body 16a can be suppressed, and the generation of sound accompanying the rotation of the rotary body 16a is realized. It can be suppressed and it becomes easy to stabilize the rotation at high speed of the rotating body 16a.
  • the rotating body 16a may be fixed to the hollow frame 16b at its outer peripheral portion. In this case, it is easy to reduce the thickness t of the rotating body 16a.
  • the setting of the reference axis SX of the rotating body 16a (or the three-dimensionally shaped portion 116) will be described with reference to FIGS. 4A and 4B.
  • the reference axis SX of the rotating body 16 a is disposed so as to be slightly inclined in non-parallel with the optical axis AX of the main body optical system 13.
  • the intermediate screen 19 on the rotating body 16 a is disposed so that the local functional area FA is substantially orthogonal to the direction of the optical axis AX of the main optical system 13. That is, as shown in FIG.
  • the reference axis SX when the rotating body 16a is observed from the optical axis AX at a lateral point away from the optical axis AX, the reference axis SX is inclined by the predetermined angle ⁇ with respect to the optical axis AX As shown in FIG. 4B, when observed from a viewpoint remote from the rotating body 16a in the direction orthogonal to the case of FIG. 4A, the reference axis SX has a predetermined distance d with respect to the optical axis AX. It is in the state of only being separated. In FIG.
  • a first position PO1 indicated by an alternate long and short dash line indicates a case where the functional area FA or the intermediate image TI is located most downstream on the optical path
  • a second position PO2 indicated by an alternate long and short dash line is a functional area FA or It shows the case where the intermediate image TI is located on the most upstream side of the light path.
  • the distance D between the positions PO1 and PO2 corresponds to the displacement of the functional area FA or the intermediate image TI in the optical axis AX direction.
  • the intermediate screen 19 (or the three-dimensionally shaped portion 116) of the rotating body 16 a intersects the optical axis AX by rotating the diffusion unit 16 at a constant speed around the reference axis SX by the rotational drive unit 64.
  • the position (that is, the functional area FA) also moves in the direction of the optical axis AX. That is, as shown in FIG. 4C, the functional area FA on the intermediate screen 19 is sequentially shifted, for example, to the adjacent functional areas FA 'set at positions offset at equal angles, as the rotating body 16a rotates. Move in the optical axis AX direction.
  • the position of the intermediate image TI can also be moved in the optical axis AX direction.
  • the position of the intermediate image TI by moving the position of the intermediate image TI to the drawing device (display element) 11 side, it is possible to increase the projection distance or virtual image distance to the projection image IM.
  • moving the position of the intermediate image TI to the virtual image forming optical system 17 side it is possible to reduce the projection distance to the projection image IM or the virtual image distance.
  • the virtual image forming optical system (second projection optical system) 17 enlarges the intermediate image TI formed by the imaging optical system (first projection optical system) 15 in cooperation with the display screen 20, and in front of the driver VD A projected image IM as a virtual image is formed.
  • the virtual image forming optical system 17 includes at least one mirror, but includes two mirrors 17 a and 17 b in the illustrated example.
  • the virtual image forming optical system (second projection optical system) 17 can have optical characteristics to correct the curvature of the intermediate screen 19 (that is, the curvature of field of the intermediate image TI) in the functional area FA of the rotary member 16a.
  • the diffusion unit 16 rotates around the reference axis SX and the position of the intermediate image TI is the optical axis.
  • the distance between the projected image IM as a virtual image formed behind the display screen 20 by the virtual image forming optical system 17 and the driver VD which is an observer can be increased or decreased by periodically moving repeatedly in the AX direction. .
  • the position of the projected image IM to be projected is changed back and forth, and the display content by the drawing device (display element) 11 is made to correspond to the position under the control of the display control unit 18
  • the display content of the projected image IM is changed while changing the projection distance or virtual image distance to the image IM, and the projected image IM as a series of projected images can be made three-dimensional. Since the curved state of the intermediate screen 19 in the functional area FA is maintained even if the functional area FA moves in the direction of the optical axis AX, the virtual image forming optical system (second projection optical system regardless of the position of the projected image IM The effect of the correction by 17) is maintained.
  • the rotational speed of the diffusion unit 16 or the rotational speed of the rotating body 16a or the moving speed of the functional area FA is as if the projected image IM as a virtual image is simultaneously displayed at a plurality of places or multiple projection distances in the depth direction. It is desirable that the speed can be shown.
  • the projected image IM of each distance zone is switched at 30 fps or more, preferably 60 fps or more, a plurality of displayed images are visually recognized as continuous images.
  • each distance for example, the short distance
  • display switching is performed at 40 fps, and the projected images IM of the respective distance zones are performed in parallel and the switching is recognized as being substantially continuous.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram specifically illustrating the change in the position of the intermediate image TI as the diffusion unit 16 rotates.
  • the functional area FA of the diffusion unit 16 is repeatedly and periodically moved along the optical axis AX in a saw-tooth-shaped time-lapse pattern PA, and the drawing device (display element) 11 continuously displays the position of the intermediate image TI.
  • the drawing device display element
  • it moves periodically in a sawtooth-like time-lapse pattern PA along the direction of the optical axis AX. That is, the position of the intermediate image TI changes continuously and periodically along with the rotation of the diffusion portion 16 while being discontinuous at the portion corresponding to the step portion 16 j.
  • the position of the projected image (virtual image) IM is also periodically moved along the optical axis AX direction similarly to the position of the intermediate image TI although the scale is different, and the projection distance is continued Can be changed. While at least a part of the intermediate screen 19 is formed along the continuous surface and the projection distance can be changed continuously, the functional area FA, that is, the intermediate image TI is moved in the optical axis AX direction by the rotational movement of the intermediate screen 19 Therefore, it is easy to speed up the display operation and to ensure the reliability of the display operation.
  • the drawing device 11 does not perform continuous display but performs intermittent display while switching the display content, the display position of the intermediate image TI is also discrete on the sawtooth-shaped time-lapse pattern PA.
  • the display position Pn closest to the near distance side or closer to the virtual image forming optical system 17 corresponds to the first position PO1 in FIG. 4A, and the display position Pf closer to the far distance side or opposite to the virtual image forming optical system 17 , Corresponding to the second position PO2 of FIG. 4A.
  • the display position Pn closest to the short distance side and the display position Pf closest to the long distance are set at positions spaced apart from both ends of the temporal pattern PA by a predetermined amount while securing a margin.
  • the discontinuity PD of the temporal pattern PA corresponds to the step portion 16 j provided on the rotating body 16 a of the diffusion portion 16.
  • the distance in the depth direction being displayed changes as the position of the intermediate image TI changes within the displayed time as shown in FIG.
  • the display distance seen by the observer (driver VD) for the display zone in which the distance in the depth direction changes in such a manner is a substantially average position of the distance in the depth direction changing within the display time.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the position of the intermediate image TI and the projection distance or the relationship between the position of the intermediate image TI and the display zone.
  • a display unit having a depth is a display zone, and the time of one cycle is the display time of each display zone and display If the time is shorter than the product of the zone number n, the display zones extend over a plurality of distance zones, and the projection distance range is overlapped at least in adjacent display zones (see display zones DZ1 to DZn in FIG. 6). In this manner, the same projected image (virtual image) IM can be displayed with a spread in the depth direction by performing overlapping display with respect to the projection distance, and compared with the display in which the overlapping does not occur. The display time can be extended, and the brightness of the projected image (virtual image) IM is improved.
  • n display zones can be set along the characteristic C1.
  • the display zone with the closest distance is called the first display zone DZ1
  • the display zone with the longest distance is called the n-th display zone DZn (n is a natural number).
  • the distance width to be displayed increases as the distance from the near distance increases.
  • adjacent display zones overlap in projection distance partially, and each display zone includes one in which the projection distances should be originally made different.
  • the projection distances of the k-th display zone DZk (k is a natural number smaller than n) and the (k + 1) -th display zone DZk + 1 partially overlap, for example, the second display zone DZ2 and the third display zone DZ3 are projection distances Are partially overlapping.
  • the image of the k-th display zone DZk is the image to be displayed in the display zone set before, after, or both before and after the original display image of the projection distance of the display object to be displayed there It is a composite projection image displayed.
  • the display of the state in which the images corresponding to the distance zones or subzones LZk-2 to LZk + 1 corresponding to four sections over the entire or a predetermined time while displaying the k-th display zone DZk is overlapped It is done.
  • the display time of the image displayed in each of the display zones DZ1 to DZn is shifted between the adjacent display zones DZ1 to DZn at the pitch ⁇ of the display time.
  • the distance between the near and far ends fluctuates and the average distance also fluctuates.
  • the human eye or brain captures the display image by the average distance of the display zones DZ1 to DZn, and therefore, even when visual display is simultaneously performed, the display distances of the respective display zones DZ1 to DZn are displayed as different positions.
  • the display operation is appropriately performed on the drawing device (display element) 11.
  • the same projected image (virtual image) IM is displayed in each subzone. That is, the display zone DZk is configured by a combination of a plurality of sub-zones LZk-2 to LZk + 1 in which the distance changes stepwise.
  • each display zone DZ1 to DZn is shown to extend in the horizontal direction for convenience of display in FIG. 6, each display zone DZ1 to DZn has a characteristic when the vertical axis is the position of the intermediate image TI. It extends along C1.
  • the display times in the first display zone DZ1 to the nth display zone DZn are all equal.
  • By equalizing the display time in each of the display zones DZ1 to DZn constituting a plurality of display zones it is possible to make the display luminance of the composite projected image IM by each of the display zones DZ1 to DZn coincide with each other. It is possible to prevent the driver VD from unintentionally focusing on an image of a specific distance.
  • the display brightness of the projected image IM or virtual image can be increased by uniformly increasing the display time in each of the display zones DZ1 to DZn, but the display time in each of the display zones DZ1 to DZn If the length is excessively increased, it is likely to be difficult to grasp the distance, and a phenomenon in which unintended shadows due to parallax occur in the projected image IM for each display zone occurs. That is, when the display time of each projection image IM becomes long, the change of the projection distance becomes large between the display start time and the display end time.
  • the position of the head or eye of the observer (for example, driver VD) is in the eye box
  • the viewpoint shift is caused, the image shift due to the distance difference between the front and back becomes large, and performance degradation occurs such that the projected image IM to be observed looks like a multiple image.
  • the image shift SI (see FIG. 7) caused by the viewpoint shift in each of the display zones DZ1 to DZn is shifted when viewed by the observer. It is set to be within the allowable angle defined as the inconspicuous range.
  • the image shift SI can be made in an inconspicuous range for the driver VD, and the image quality deterioration of the virtual image or the projected image IM viewed from the driver VD can be prevented.
  • the allowable angle as a range in which the image shift is not noticeable when the observer looks is set in consideration of various conditions such as the viewpoint movement amount of the observer and the resolution of the observer's visual acuity.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram specifically illustrating the case where the driver VD moves in the eye box BO. Initially, it is assumed that the head of the driver VD is at the front position P0 of the image display device 100 and at the center on the left and right of the eye box BO. Thereafter, it is assumed that the head of the driver VD is moved to the right end position P1 of the eye box BO.
  • the display IA is approximately ⁇ ⁇ L centering on the projection distance L Can be treated as extending to the range of
  • the viewpoint shift corresponding to the lateral movement amount of the head of the driver VD is ⁇ EB
  • the driver VD observes the image shift SI corresponding to the viewpoint shift ⁇ EB.
  • the half value ⁇ of the viewing angle of the image shift SI is, if the angle ⁇ is relatively large, tan ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ EB / ⁇ (L 2 + ⁇ EB 2 ) /
  • ⁇ (L 2 + ⁇ EB 2 ) / (L + ⁇ EB / A) Given by Here, A tan ⁇ .
  • the display in a specific display zone DZk will be performed within the allocated distance range L k ⁇ ⁇ L k (k is a display zone number).
  • the target projection distance of the specific display zone DZk is L k
  • the distance difference in the depth direction with respect to this is ⁇ L k .
  • the distance difference ⁇ L k in the depth direction with respect to the target projection distance L k in a specific display zone DZ k is expressed by the following equation (1)
  • (L k 2 + ⁇ EB 2 ) / (L k + ⁇ EB / A) (1)
  • the viewpoint shift ⁇ EB and the value A are as described above.
  • display may be performed by the time calculated by T ⁇ D / Dmax. For example, under the condition that the viewpoint shift is constant, the image shift of the display by the display zones DZ1 to DZn can be made uniform regardless of the projection distance.
  • the distance allocation for each display zone can be obtained. If a display image adapted to the distance assignment is created, the 3D AR display synchronized with the distance change becomes more natural.
  • the allowable angle ⁇ relating to the image shift SI is assumed to be equal before and after the display IA, but depending on the display distance, the value of the allowable angle ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ at the front of the display IA It can also be treated as different from the value of the angle ⁇ . In this case, the sum of two different values of the allowable angle ⁇ is the allowable value of the image shift SI.
  • the allowable angle ⁇ for the image shift SI is, for example, 5 minutes. In this case, the blur of the noticed virtual image due to the image shift SI becomes relatively small, and the virtual image becomes easy to see.
  • the allowable angle ⁇ for the image shift SI may be set between 0.5 minutes and 5 minutes. It is also possible to select a desired permissible angle for each scene, taking into consideration factors such as the resolution (line width), color, and brightness of the image to be displayed.
  • the allowable angle ⁇ may also differ depending on the resolution, color, and the like of the image to be displayed.
  • the tolerance angle ⁇ for image shift SI can also be set with reference to the lowest line width of the image to be displayed.
  • the minimum line width of the displayed image is the narrowest of the horizontal width WD1 and the vertical width WD2 of the frame HW when the projected image IM is a marker such as the frame HW surrounding the object OB in front of the eye (see FIG. 8). Means one.
  • first to third pre-interpolation zones CZ1 to CZ3 added to the projection of the near distance end are added in view of setting the display distance in the first distance zone LZ1 to a desired distance, , Not essential.
  • first to third post-interpolation zones CZ4 to CZ6 added to the projection of the far end are added in view of setting the display distance in the nth distance zone LZn as a desired distance, it is essential It is not a thing.
  • display objects with different distances are in close positions such as overlapping or substantially overlapping in a two-dimensional plane other than the depth direction, and interference between the displays with respect to them is It is thought that it may occur and it is necessary to avoid this.
  • FIG. 9 is a conceptual block diagram for explaining the overall structure of the head-up display device 200.
  • the head-up display device 200 includes the image display device 100 as a part thereof.
  • the image display apparatus 100 has a structure shown in FIG. 2, and the description thereof is omitted here.
  • the head-up display device 200 includes an environment monitoring unit 72 and a main control unit 90 in addition to the image display device 100.
  • the environment monitoring unit 72 is an object detection unit that detects an object present in the detection area, and identifies a mobile object or person existing close to the front, specifically a car, a bicycle, a pedestrian, etc., as an object. And a three-dimensional measuring device for extracting three-dimensional position information of the object.
  • the environment monitoring unit (object detection unit) 72 includes an external camera 72a, an external image processing unit 72b, and a determination unit 72c as a three-dimensional measuring device.
  • the external camera 72a enables capturing of an external image in the visible or infrared region.
  • the external camera 72a is installed at an appropriate position inside or outside the vehicle body 2 and captures a driver VD or a detection area VF in front of the front window 8 (see FIG.
  • the external image processing unit 72b performs various image processing such as brightness correction on the external image captured by the external camera 72a to facilitate the processing in the determination unit 72c.
  • the determination unit 72c performs extraction or clipping of an object image from an external image that has passed through the external image processing unit 72b to extract an object such as a car, a bicycle, or a pedestrian (specifically, an object OB1, OB1 in FIG.
  • the presence or absence of OB2 and OB3 is detected, and the spatial position of the object in front of the vehicle body 2 is calculated from depth information attached to the external image and stored in the storage unit 72m as three-dimensional position information.
  • the determination unit 72c can detect, for example, an element corresponding to an object element from the shape, size, color and the like of each object element in the obtained image.
  • the determination criteria at that time include a method of performing pattern matching with information registered in advance and detecting something from the degree of matching. Further, from the viewpoint of increasing the processing speed, the lane can be detected from the image, and the object can be detected from the shape, size, color, etc. of the target or the object element in the lane.
  • the external camera 72a is, for example, a compound eye type three-dimensional camera, although illustration is omitted. That is, the camera 72a is an array of camera elements including a lens for imaging, a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) and other imaging elements arranged in a matrix, and drive circuits for the imaging elements are respectively provided. Have. A plurality of camera elements constituting the camera 72a can detect, for example, relative parallax, and a detection area is obtained by analyzing the state of an image (focus state, position of an object, etc.) obtained from the camera elements. The target distance to each region or object in the image corresponding to.
  • CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductor
  • the compound eye type camera 72a As described above, distance information in the depth direction with respect to each part (area or object) in the photographed screen The target distance can be obtained. Also, in place of the compound eye type camera 72a, it is possible to obtain a target distance which is distance information in the depth direction with respect to each part (area or object) in the photographed screen by a stereo camera in which two two-dimensional cameras are separately arranged. . In addition, by performing imaging while changing the focal length at a high speed with a single two-dimensional camera, it is also possible to obtain a target distance which is distance information in the depth direction with respect to each part (area or object) in the photographed screen. it can.
  • distance information in the depth direction can be obtained for each part (area or object) in the detection area even if the LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) technology is used instead of the compound eye camera 72a.
  • LIDAR Light Detection and Ranging
  • the object detection accuracy can be enhanced by a complex method that combines radar sensing technology such as LIDAR technology and technology that detects the distance of an object from image information, that is, a method that fuses multiple sensors. Can.
  • the operating speed of the camera 72a that detects an object needs to be equal to or higher than the operating speed of the drawing device (display element) 11 from the viewpoint of speeding up input, and the display switching speed of the display zones DZ1 to DZn or the display zones DZ1 to When the display period of one cycle of DZn is, for example, 30 fps or more, it is desirable to make it faster. It is desirable that the camera 72a enables high-speed detection of an object by, for example, high-speed operation such as 480 fps or 1000 fps, for example, faster than 120 fps.
  • all the sensors do not necessarily have to be fast, and at least one sensor of the plurality of sensors needs to be fast, but the others may not be fast.
  • the display control unit 18 operates the display optical system 30 under the control of the main control unit 90 to display a three-dimensional projected image IM in which the virtual image distance or the projection distance changes behind the display screen 20.
  • the main control unit 90 has a role of harmonizing the operations of the image display apparatus 100, the environment monitoring unit 72, and the like.
  • the main control unit 90 operates the rotation drive unit 64 via, for example, the display control unit 18 to periodically change the projection distance of the virtual image which is the projection image IM by the display optical system 30. That is, the main control unit 90 or the like periodically changes the projection position in the depth direction of the virtual image which is the projection image IM. Further, the main control unit 90 adjusts the spatial arrangement of the frame HW (see FIG. 10) projected by the display optical system 30 so as to correspond to the spatial position of the object detected by the environment monitoring unit 72. Do.
  • the main control unit 90 generates a projection image IM to be displayed on the display optical system 30 from the display information including the display shape and the display distance received from the environment monitoring unit 72.
  • the display content of the projected image IM is synchronized with the operation of the rotation drive unit 64, that is, synchronized with the movement of the intermediate image TI, and the display time of the projected image IM is assumed to be the image shift SI
  • the range is set to be less than the display width.
  • the projected image IM is, for example, a marker such as a frame HW (see FIG. 10) located in the periphery with respect to the depth position direction with respect to a car, a bicycle, a pedestrian and other objects existing behind the display screen 20. be able to.
  • the main control unit 90 functions as an image adding unit in cooperation with the display control unit 18 and detects an object detected at a timing when the target distance to the detected object substantially matches the projection distance.
  • the related information image is added as a virtual image by the display optical system 30.
  • a detection area VF corresponding to an observation visual field is provided. It is considered that objects OB1 and OB3 of people who are pedestrians or the like and objects OB2 of moving objects such as automobiles exist in the detection area VF, that is, on the road and its surroundings.
  • the main control unit 90 causes the image display device 100 to project a three-dimensional projected image (virtual image) IM, and frame frames HW1, HW2, HW3 as related information images for the respective objects OB1, OB2, OB3.
  • the projection distances to the projected images IM1, IM2, and IM3 for displaying the frame frames HW1, HW2, and HW3 It corresponds to the distance to OB2 and OB3.
  • the projection distances of the projected images IM1, IM2, IM3 are formed in the display zones DZa-DZc corresponding to a part of the display zones DZ1-DZn shown in FIG. 6, and the depths corresponding to the respective display zones DZa-DZc. It has a width.
  • the projection distance of the projection image IM1 has a depth width corresponding to the projection distance of the projection image IM1 'in FIG.
  • the center of each projection distance, that is, the projection distances of the projection images IM1, IM2, IM3 has a width but is discrete, and always always exactly matches the real distances to the objects OB1, OB2, OB3. I can not do it.
  • the projected image IM1 is specifically determined when the functional area FA or the intermediate image TI of the rotating body 16a (or the solid shape portion 116) is within a predetermined distance range centered on the display position P1. Specifically, a series of lines formed on the display surface 11a of the drawing device (display element) 11 at the display timing of the predetermined display zone determined based on the characteristic C1 shown in FIG. 6 according to the distance range.
  • the projected image IM2 is a series of displays formed on the display surface 11a of the drawing device 11 when the functional area FA of the rotary body 16a (or the three-dimensionally shaped portion 116) is within the distance range centered on the display position P2.
  • the projected image IM3 is formed on the display surface 11a of the drawing device 11 when the functional area FA of the rotary body 16a (or the solid shape portion 116) is within a predetermined distance range centered on the display position P3.
  • a series of displayed images are a series of displayed images.
  • the projected image IM1 or the frame HW1 corresponding to the display position P1 is displayed, and then the projected image IM2 or the frame HW2 corresponding to the display position P2 is displayed Thereafter, the projected image IM3 or the frame HW3 corresponding to the display position P3 is displayed. If the above one cycle is visually short, switching of the projected images IM1, IM2, IM3 becomes very fast, and the driver VD who is an observer simultaneously observes the frame HW1, HW2, HW3 as an image with depth. Recognize that
  • FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram for explaining the operation of the main control unit 90.
  • the main control unit 90 detects the objects OB1, OB2, and OB3 using the environment monitoring unit 72
  • the main control unit 90 generates display data corresponding to the frame frames HW1, HW2, and HW3 corresponding to the objects OB1, OB2, and OB3. And store them in a storage unit (not shown) (step S11).
  • the main control unit 90 converts data so as to distribute the display data obtained in step S11 to the corresponding display zones DZ1 to DZn (step S12).
  • the corresponding frame frames HW1, HW2, and HW3 are set to any one of the display zones DZ1 to DZn (in the example of FIG. 10, the display zones DZa to DZc). assign.
  • the main control unit 90 processes the display data corresponding to the frame frames HW1, HW2, HW3 so as to conform to the allocated display zones DZ1 to DZn, and stores the display data in a storage unit (not shown) (step S13).
  • This adaptation includes image processing such as correcting the outline and the arrangement of the frame image for each distance zone (subzones LZk-2 to LZk + 1).
  • the main control unit 90 combines the display data adapted at step S13 with the existing data (step S14).
  • the display by the display zones DZ1 to DZn is simultaneously performed in parallel although there is a time difference, and the display is such that an afterimage is left for a short time, so when new objects OB1, OB2, OB3 appear, the existing It is considered that the display content needs to be reorganized so that the new object and the object of.
  • the main control unit 90 outputs the display data obtained in step S14 to the display control unit 18 in synchronization with the operation of the rotation drive unit 64, and the drawing device (display element) 11 functions as a functional area of the rotating body 16a.
  • the display operation according to FA is performed (step S15).
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the drawing device (display element) 11.
  • the first display area to the nth display area arranged in the vertical direction correspond to the first to nth display zones DZ1 to DZn shown in FIG.
  • the first to nth display zones DZ1 to DZn in the display surface 11a of the drawing device (display element) 11 The display in the display area to the n-th display area is repeated.
  • signals F1 to F4 mean that the same display image is repeated in four sub zones, and R, G, and B signal components for color display are included in each of signals F1 to F4. ing.
  • the signals F1 to F4 have a time width corresponding to the display time of the projection image IM, and fall within such a time width that the assumed image shift SI is smaller than the display width.
  • a plurality of overlapping projection distances are synchronized with the movement of the functional area FA of the intermediate screen 19 (that is, the movement of the intermediate image TI).
  • the projection distance for a specific display can have a depth or a width, so the display time is extended to perform display The brightness can be increased.
  • the display time of each of the display zones DZ1 to DZn is within an allowable angle defined as a range in which the image shift SI is inconspicuous, with reference to the viewpoint shift ⁇ EB expected to the eye position of the driver VD who is the observer Control to make the image shift SI in the distance before and after the target or reference distance inconspicuous regardless of the change in virtual image distance occurring within the display time in each of the display zones DZ1 to DZn. It becomes possible to prevent the image quality deterioration of the projected image IM seen from the observer or the driver VD.
  • the display device and the like according to the second embodiment will be described below.
  • the display device of the second embodiment is a modification of the display device of the first embodiment, and items not particularly described are the same as those of the first embodiment.
  • an intermediate screen 19 is disposed at a projection position or an imaging position of the imaging optical system 15.
  • the intermediate screen 19 is an optical element formed along a flat surface and moved in the direction of the optical axis AX.
  • the intermediate screen 19 is a diffusion plate in which the light distribution angle is controlled to a desired angle, and for example, a ground glass, a lens diffusion plate, a micro lens array or the like is used.
  • the effective area of the intermediate screen 19 is the functional area of the intermediate screen 19.
  • the main control unit 90 as the control unit and the display control unit 18 periodically shift the position of the intermediate screen 19 via the reciprocating drive unit 264 to periodically shift the position of the intermediate image TI as shown in FIG. It is assumed that the image formed on the drawing device 11 corresponds to the projection distance while the reciprocating movement is performed to change the projection distance periodically. Specifically, the projection distance is periodically changed by reciprocating the intermediate screen 19 in the direction of the optical axis AX by the guide part 264a and the actuator 264b which constitute the reciprocating drive part 264.
  • the display zones DZ1 to DZn shown in FIG. 15 After changing to sequentially switch from long distance to long distance, changing the display zones DZ1 to DZn to sequentially switch from long distance to short distance is one cycle, and the same cycle is repeated.
  • the display zones DZ1 to DZn are different from those as shown in FIG. 6, and the display time is also adjusted.
  • the display device and the like according to the third embodiment will be described below.
  • the display device of the third embodiment is a modification of the display device of the first embodiment, and items that are not particularly described are the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the rotating body 16 a of the diffusion unit 16 incorporated in the display device of the third embodiment includes, for example, two partial areas 16 pa and 16 pb disposed around the reference axis SX.
  • An intermediate screen 19 is provided on surface areas 16fa and 16fb of these partial areas 16pa and 16pb.
  • the surface area 16fa corresponding to one partial area 16pa is a flat surface where the functional area FA does not move in the optical axis AX direction, and the surface area 16fb corresponding to the other partial area 16pb is continuous along the circumferential direction It is a continuous surface which moves in the direction of the optical axis AX in accordance with the rotation of the rotary member 16a, specifically, a spiral surface.
  • the functional area FA moves in the direction of the optical axis AX.
  • stepped portions 16i and 16j are formed at the boundary between the partial regions 16pa and 16pb.
  • the reference axis SX of the rotating body 16a is not inclined to the optical axis AX as shown in FIG. 4A, but is parallel to the optical axis AX. .
  • FIG. 17 shows the position of the intermediate image realized by the diffusing unit 16 or the rotating body 16a shown in FIG.
  • the characteristic C2 of the solid line has flat portions C2a and inclined portions C2b corresponding to the two partial regions 16pa and 16pb constituting the rotating body 16a, and the step portion 16i is formed between the flat portions C2a and the inclined portions C2b.
  • a gap portion Cg corresponding to is provided.
  • One flat portion C2a has a planar shape in which there is no change in the position of the intermediate screen 19 in the optical axis AX direction with respect to the rotation of the rotating body 16a.
  • the position of the intermediate screen 19 in the direction of the optical axis AX changes substantially linearly or linearly as the rotation of the rotary member 16a. That is, in the projection using the flat portion C2a, the position of the intermediate image TI is kept constant and the projected image IM is fixed in the depth direction, and in the projection using the inclined portion C2b, the rotational position of the rotating body 16a Alternatively, the position of the intermediate screen 19 in the direction of the optical axis AX changes substantially linearly or linearly.
  • the flat portion C2a on the near distance side facilitates the formation of a stable projected image IM by avoiding the distance sensitivity becoming dull at a short distance and the projection distance being subdivided.
  • the flat portion C2a on the short distance side can set the movement of the intermediate screen 19 on the short distance side to the minimum necessary, and the enlargement of the optical system can be prevented.
  • the flat portion C2a is disposed on the short distance side, and the inclined portion C2b is disposed on the long distance side.
  • the inclined portion is disposed on the short distance side and the flat portion is disposed on the long distance side.
  • the two partial areas 16pa and 16pb are provided in the rotating body 16a of the diffusion unit 16, but three or more partial areas can be provided.
  • two or more intermediate screens 19 are provided.
  • the intermediate screen 19 can be provided on two or more spiral faces.
  • the position of the intermediate screen 19 in the direction of the optical axis AX changes in a substantially linear or linear function with the rotation of the rotary member 16a in the inclined portion C2b.
  • the inclination of the inclined portion C2b indicating the movement of the intermediate screen 19 is not limited to a linear function and can be various.
  • the display device 200 is not limited to the above.
  • the display screen 20 can be arranged at the upper portion of the front window 8 or at the sun visor position by inverting the arrangement of the image display device 100 upside down.
  • the display screen 20 is arranged at Also, the display screen 20 may be disposed at a position corresponding to a conventional mirror of a car.
  • the intermediate screen 19 or the functional area FA is disposed to be substantially orthogonal to the direction of the optical axis AX of the main body optical system 13.
  • the functional area FA can be forcibly inclined with respect to the optical axis AX. . In this case, it is possible to project the projected image IM having no inclination or a predetermined inclination by the combination with the virtual image forming optical system 17.
  • the first to n-th display zones DZ1 to DZn described above do not have to be continuous over the entire range of the projection distance, but are separated at portions corresponding to the boundaries of the distance zones (subzones LZ1 to LZn) It may be discontinuous. Further, the display zones DZ1 to DZn are not limited to those including the same number of subzones, and different subzones can be included for each of the display zones DZ1 to DZn.
  • one diffusion screen 16 is provided with one intermediate screen 19, but two or more intermediate screens 19 may be provided.
  • the intermediate screen 19 is formed to be divided into ranges corresponding to 1/2 pitch, 1/3 pitch, etc. of the spiral.
  • the three-dimensional shape portion 116 of the intermediate screen 19 does not have to be a spiral shape or a flat surface, and a rotating body structure capable of reciprocating movement without steps such as a sine wave is also conceivable.
  • the hollow frame 16b is not essential, and can be only the rotating body 16a. Also in this case, since the inclined connection surface 16k is formed in the step portion 16j, the generation of the sound accompanying the rotation of the rotating body 16a can be suppressed, and the rotation of the rotating body 16a can be stabilized.
  • the outline of the display screen 20 can be made into various shapes not only in a rectangle.
  • the intermediate screen 19 is moved, but the intermediate path TI is changed by disposing the optical path length changing member at the subsequent stage of the intermediate screen 19 without moving the intermediate screen 19, the apparent intermediate image TI Can be changed in the direction of the optical axis AX.
  • display by the display zone is possible, and the display time by the display zone is defined as an allowable range in which the image shift with respect to the viewpoint shift is not noticeable when the driver VD who is the observer sees It can control so that it is less than.
  • the imaging optical system 15 and the virtual image forming optical system 17 shown in FIG. 2 are merely examples, and the optical configurations of the imaging optical system 15 and the virtual image forming optical system 17 can be appropriately changed.
  • the environment monitoring unit 72 detects the object OB existing in front of the vehicle body 2 and displays the related information image such as frame frames HW1, HW2, HW3 corresponding to the arrangement of the object OB on the image display device 100. Regardless of the presence or absence of the object OB, it is possible to obtain additional driving related information using the communication network, and to display such driving related information on the image display device 100. For example, a display that warns of a car, an obstacle, etc. present in a blind spot is also possible.
  • the display device of the present invention is not limited to a head-up display device (HUD) mounted on a vehicle or other mobile object, and can be applied to a head mount device that performs three-dimensional display, a wearable display device, and the like.
  • HUD head-up display device

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Abstract

Cette invention concerne un procédé d'affichage qui permet d'afficher, tout en changeant à grande vitesse, des images virtuelles ayant différentes positions d'affichage y compris dans le sens de la profondeur. Dans ce procédé d'affichage, une lumière d'affichage (DL), qui est une lumière d'image formée par un dispositif de rendu (11), qui est un élément d'affichage, est projetée sur un écran intermédiaire de type à diffusion (19), et l'image intermédiaire formée sur l'écran intermédiaire (19) est projetée agrandie pour former une image virtuelle. Une région fonctionnelle (FA) sur l'écran intermédiaire (19) peut être déplacée dans la direction de l'axe optique (AX) pour modifier la distance de projection de l'image virtuelle; en synchronie avec le déplacement de la région fonctionnelle (FA) sur l'écran intermédiaire (19), l'affichage est réalisé sur le dispositif de rendu (11) divisé en de multiples zones d'affichage (DZ1-DZn) qui ont une distance de projection chevauchante, et le temps d'affichage de chaque zone d'affichage (DZ1-DZn) est réglé dans le temps dans lequel le décalage d'image (SI) devient inférieur à la largeur d'affichage, sur la base du décalage de point de vue prévu pour la position de l'œil de l'observateur.
PCT/JP2019/000091 2018-01-09 2019-01-07 Dispositif d'affichage et procédé d'affichage WO2019138972A1 (fr)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS638130U (fr) * 1986-07-03 1988-01-20
JPH04289845A (ja) * 1991-03-19 1992-10-14 Fujitsu Ltd 表示装置
JP2004170879A (ja) * 2002-11-22 2004-06-17 Denso Corp ヘッドアップディスプレイ
JP2013073229A (ja) * 2011-09-29 2013-04-22 Seiko Epson Corp 表示装置およびその駆動方法
US20140036374A1 (en) * 2012-08-01 2014-02-06 Microvision Inc. Bifocal Head-up Display System
JP2017039440A (ja) * 2015-08-21 2017-02-23 アルパイン株式会社 投射表示装置、投射表示方法および投射表示プログラム
JP2017129754A (ja) * 2016-01-20 2017-07-27 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 表示装置

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS638130U (fr) * 1986-07-03 1988-01-20
JPH04289845A (ja) * 1991-03-19 1992-10-14 Fujitsu Ltd 表示装置
JP2004170879A (ja) * 2002-11-22 2004-06-17 Denso Corp ヘッドアップディスプレイ
JP2013073229A (ja) * 2011-09-29 2013-04-22 Seiko Epson Corp 表示装置およびその駆動方法
US20140036374A1 (en) * 2012-08-01 2014-02-06 Microvision Inc. Bifocal Head-up Display System
JP2017039440A (ja) * 2015-08-21 2017-02-23 アルパイン株式会社 投射表示装置、投射表示方法および投射表示プログラム
JP2017129754A (ja) * 2016-01-20 2017-07-27 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 表示装置

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