WO2019128368A1 - 库存调度方法、装置以及计算机可读存储介质 - Google Patents

库存调度方法、装置以及计算机可读存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019128368A1
WO2019128368A1 PCT/CN2018/109301 CN2018109301W WO2019128368A1 WO 2019128368 A1 WO2019128368 A1 WO 2019128368A1 CN 2018109301 W CN2018109301 W CN 2018109301W WO 2019128368 A1 WO2019128368 A1 WO 2019128368A1
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Prior art keywords
picking station
picking
order
goods
shelf
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PCT/CN2018/109301
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李玮
秦恒乐
周吉鑫
朱恒斌
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北京京东尚科信息技术有限公司
北京京东世纪贸易有限公司
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Priority to US16/958,467 priority Critical patent/US11544645B2/en
Priority to JP2020536103A priority patent/JP7250798B2/ja
Priority to EP18896573.5A priority patent/EP3719724A4/en
Publication of WO2019128368A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019128368A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
    • G06Q10/087—Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/04—Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
    • G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
    • G06Q10/0631—Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
    • G06Q10/06312—Adjustment or analysis of established resource schedule, e.g. resource or task levelling, or dynamic rescheduling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
    • G06Q10/063—Operations research, analysis or management
    • G06Q10/0631—Resource planning, allocation, distributing or scheduling for enterprises or organisations
    • G06Q10/06315—Needs-based resource requirements planning or analysis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
    • G06Q10/08—Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading or distribution; Inventory or stock management
    • G06Q10/087—Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders
    • G06Q10/0875—Itemisation or classification of parts, supplies or services, e.g. bill of materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G1/00—Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines
    • B65G1/02—Storage devices
    • B65G1/04—Storage devices mechanical
    • B65G1/137—Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed
    • B65G1/1371—Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed with data records
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G1/00—Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines
    • B65G1/02—Storage devices
    • B65G1/04—Storage devices mechanical
    • B65G1/137—Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed
    • B65G1/1373—Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed for fulfilling orders in warehouses
    • B65G1/1378—Storage devices mechanical with arrangements or automatic control means for selecting which articles are to be removed for fulfilling orders in warehouses the orders being assembled on fixed commissioning areas remote from the storage areas

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of automated warehousing technology, and in particular, to an inventory scheduling method, apparatus, and computer readable storage medium.
  • Order picking efficiency in contemporary logistics warehouses is an important factor affecting order fulfillment efficiency.
  • the traditional mode is that the picker moves to a fixed, shelf-ordered goods with order goods according to the system-specified path, that is, the “operator finds goods” picking mode.
  • the warehouse uses an automatic carrier to transport the movable inventory racks that store the order goods to a fixed picking station, and the pickers of the workstation pick the goods to realize the picking mode of the "good looking operators".
  • the application of the automatic handling system's picking system increases the overall efficiency of the system order picking, and the order picking resource allocation method determines the cost and efficiency of the system's overall order picking.
  • the inventors have found that the current method of randomly assigning orders to be picked is generally used in the warehouse, and then the goods are transported by the handler to the picking station according to the order.
  • This method of order allocation does not comprehensively and comprehensively consider the selection of workstations, shelves and trucks. Therefore, this method of order allocation and picking is not efficient.
  • One technical problem to be solved by the present disclosure is how to improve the efficiency of goods picking in an order.
  • an inventory scheduling method including: acquiring an order to be picked, the order includes at least one item to be picked; and distributing information according to a position of a shelf storing the item to be sorted relative to each picking station Determining the order processing capability information of each picking station by using at least one of the position distribution information of the transporter relative to each picking station and the load information of each picking station; assigning the order to the order processing capability information of each picking station The picking station is selected to pick the goods to be picked in the order at the assigned picking station.
  • determining the order processing capability information of the picking station comprises: determining a value of the cargo distribution density corresponding to the picking station according to the location distribution information of the shelf storing the goods to be sorted relative to the picking station; and comparing the picking station to the picking station
  • the location distribution information determines the distribution density value of the handler corresponding to the picking station; determines the load capacity value corresponding to the picking station according to the load information of the picking station; and the distribution density value, the transport density value and the load capacity of the picking station corresponding to the picking station. The weighted sum of the values is determined as the order processing capability information of the picking station.
  • determining the order processing capability information of the picking station comprises: determining a value of the distribution density of the goods corresponding to the picking station according to the distance of the shelf storing the goods to be sorted relative to the picking station; and according to the value of the distribution density of the goods corresponding to the picking station, Determine the order processing capability information of the picking station.
  • the value of the distribution density of the goods corresponding to the picking station is determined according to the sum of the distances of the respective shelves storing the goods to be sorted with respect to the picking station; or the value of the distribution density corresponding to the picking station is corresponding to the picking station.
  • the number of shelves in which the goods to be sorted are stored in the preset area, and the distance of the shelves in the corresponding preset area in which the goods to be sorted are stored with respect to the picking station is determined.
  • the cargo distribution density value corresponding to the picking station is determined according to the following formula:
  • L i,j represents the distance from the shelf j storing the goods to be picked i to the picking station, which is the distance after considering the turning cost.
  • V i,j represents the carrying speed of the shelf j in which the goods i to be sorted are stored
  • N is the number of types of goods to be picked
  • 1 ⁇ i ⁇ N, i is a positive integer
  • M represents the number of shelves in which the goods i to be sorted are stored
  • 1 ⁇ j ⁇ M, j is a positive integer.
  • the distance from the shelf to the picking station is set to a preset distance, and the others are not located in the picking station and are not in the direction
  • the difference between the distance from the picking station and the preset distance of the picking station in the picking station is greater than a preset value.
  • determining the order processing capability information of the picking station comprises: determining a transporter distribution density value corresponding to the picking station according to the distance of the available transporter relative to the picking station; determining the picking according to the transporter distribution density value corresponding to the picking station Order processing capability information for the workstation.
  • the transporter distribution density value corresponding to the picking station is determined according to the sum of the reciprocal distances of the available transporters relative to the picking workstation; or the transporter distribution density value corresponding to the picking station is based on the picking workstation. The number of available carriers in the preset area and the distance of the available handlers in the corresponding preset area relative to the picking station are determined.
  • determining the order processing capability information of the picking station comprises: determining a load capacity value corresponding to the picking station according to at least one of a picking rate of the operator of the picking station and the number of idle racking cache slots of the picking station; The load capacity value corresponding to the workstation determines the order processing capability information of the picking station.
  • the load capacity value corresponding to the picking station is determined based on a weighted sum of the picking rate of the picking station operator and the number of picking station idle rack cache bits.
  • the method further comprises: storing the type and quantity of the goods to be picked according to each shelf, the distance from each shelf to the picking station to which the order is assigned, and the distance from each shelf to each of the carriers, determining Pick the shelves to pick the goods to be picked from the picking shelves.
  • the method further includes determining a picking handler for handling the picking shelf based on the distance from the respective carrier to the picking shelf.
  • the method further comprises: determining a priority of each of the orders to be picked according to at least one of a user requirement and an order type; obtaining the order to be picked includes: obtaining the order to be picked according to the priority of each order .
  • an inventory scheduling apparatus including: an order acquisition module configured to acquire an order to be picked, the order includes at least one item to be picked; and a data processing module configured to Determining the order processing capability of each picking station by storing at least one of the position distribution information of the shelves of the goods to be sorted with respect to the respective picking stations, the position distribution information of the available transporters with respect to the respective picking stations, and the load information of each picking station Information; a workstation determination module configured to assign an order to the picking station based on the order processing capability information of each picking station to pick the item to be picked in the order at the assigned picking station.
  • the data processing module is configured to determine a cargo distribution density value corresponding to the picking station based on the location distribution information of the shelf storing the goods to be sorted relative to the picking station; and according to the location distribution information of the available transporter relative to the picking station Determining the distribution density value of the handler corresponding to the picking station; determining the load capacity value corresponding to the picking station according to the load information of the picking station; and weighting the load distribution density value, the transport density value of the transporter, and the load capacity value corresponding to the picking station , determine the order processing capability information for the picking station.
  • the data processing module is configured to determine a cargo distribution density value corresponding to the picking station according to the distance of the shelf storing the goods to be sorted relative to the picking station; determining the picking station according to the cargo distribution density value corresponding to the picking station Order processing capability information.
  • the value of the distribution density of the goods corresponding to the picking station is determined according to the sum of the distances of the respective shelves storing the goods to be sorted with respect to the picking station; or the value of the distribution density corresponding to the picking station is corresponding to the picking station.
  • the number of shelves in which the goods to be sorted are stored in the preset area, and the distance of the shelves in the corresponding preset area in which the goods to be sorted are stored with respect to the picking station is determined.
  • the data processing module is configured to determine a cargo distribution density value corresponding to the picking station according to the following formula:
  • L i,j represents the distance from the shelf j storing the goods to be picked i to the picking station, which is the distance after considering the turning cost.
  • V i,j represents the carrying speed of the shelf j in which the goods i to be sorted are stored
  • N is the number of types of goods to be picked
  • 1 ⁇ i ⁇ N, i is a positive integer
  • M represents the number of shelves in which the goods i to be sorted are stored
  • 1 ⁇ j ⁇ M, j is a positive integer.
  • the distance from the shelf to the picking station is set to a preset distance, and the others are not located in the picking station and are not in the direction
  • the difference between the distance from the picking station and the preset distance of the picking station in the picking station is greater than a preset value.
  • the data processing module is configured to determine a carrier distribution density value corresponding to the picking station based on the distance of the available carrier relative to the picking station; and determine an order processing of the picking station based on the corresponding carrier density value of the picking station Capability information.
  • the transporter distribution density value corresponding to the picking station is determined according to the sum of the reciprocal distances of the available transporters relative to the picking workstation; or the transporter distribution density value corresponding to the picking station is based on the picking workstation. The number of available carriers in the preset area and the distance of the available handlers in the corresponding preset area relative to the picking station are determined.
  • the data processing module is configured to determine a load capacity value corresponding to the picking station based on at least one of a picking rate of an operator of the picking station and a number of picking workstation idle rack cache bits; according to a load corresponding to the picking station The capability value determines the order processing capability information of the picking station.
  • the load capacity value corresponding to the picking station is determined based on a weighted sum of the picking rate of the picking station operator and the number of picking station idle rack cache bits.
  • the apparatus further includes: a shelf determination module configured to store the type and quantity of the goods to be picked according to the respective shelves, the distance from each shelf to the picking station to which the order is assigned, and the respective shelves to the respective carriers At least one of the distances determines the picking shelf to pick the item to be picked from the picking shelf.
  • the apparatus further includes: a handler determination module configured to determine the picking handler for handling the picking rack based on the distance of each of the handlers to the picking rack.
  • the apparatus further includes: an order priority determining module, configured to determine a priority of each of the orders to be picked according to at least one of a user requirement and an order type, so that the order obtaining module prioritizes each order Get the order to be picked.
  • an inventory scheduling apparatus comprising: a memory; and a processor coupled to the memory, the processor configured to execute any of the foregoing embodiments based on instructions stored in the memory device Inventory scheduling method.
  • a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, the program being executed by a processor to implement the steps of the inventory scheduling method of any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the disclosure comprehensively considers the position distribution information of the shelves storing the goods to be sorted with respect to the respective picking stations, the position distribution information of the available transporters with respect to the respective picking stations, and the load information of each picking station, and the like.
  • the shelves storing the goods to be sorted can be transported to the picking station as soon as possible, and the load information of the picking station can be considered to be processed as soon as possible. Therefore, the solution of the present disclosure improves the efficiency of picking goods in an order.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a flow diagram of an inventory scheduling method of some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a flow chart showing an inventory scheduling method of further embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a block diagram of an inventory scheduling apparatus of some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the structure of an inventory scheduling apparatus of still other embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of an inventory scheduling apparatus of still another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure proposes an inventory scheduling method that can improve the efficiency of picking goods in an order.
  • the warehousing system of the present disclosure may include: a management system (such as the inventory scheduling device of the present disclosure), a shelf storage, a shelf, an automated carrier, and a picking station.
  • Each storage shelf is provided with a plurality of storage containers of the same size or different sizes for storing one or more types of goods.
  • the shelf can include multiple work surfaces, and each bin can be accessed through one or more work surfaces of the shelf.
  • the automated handler can rotate the shelf at the appropriate time to present the specific work surface and the cargo of the work surface to the operator or other components of the storage system.
  • the shelf refers to a certain shelf working surface.
  • a shelf storing N types of goods means that one of the work faces of the shelf stores N types of goods.
  • the automated handlers carry their own shelves and shuttle through the effective path between the storage and picking stations. No-shelf, empty-loading automatic handlers can also shuttle between storage positions. Each picking station can also set a “pick-to-pick” cache queue adjacent to it to provide a cache bit for the automated handler and the corresponding shelf.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of some embodiments of the disclosed inventory scheduling method. As shown in FIG. 1, the method of this embodiment includes: steps S102 to S106.
  • step S102 an order to be picked is obtained, and the order includes at least one item to be picked.
  • the management system may receive multiple orders to be picked at the same time.
  • the priority of each order to be picked can be determined according to at least one of the user requirement and the order type, and the order to be picked is sequentially obtained according to the priority of each order, and the scheme for subsequently assigning the picking station is executed.
  • User requirements may include a cut-off time, for example, a 2-hour delivery order has a higher priority than a normal order, and is not limited to the illustrated example.
  • Order types can include single orders (single piece of goods orders), multiple orders (multiple goods orders), returning supplier orders or bulk orders (orders in the order where the quantity of goods exceeds a certain threshold), and other special orders, as well as special orders Wait.
  • the manner in which the order type is divided is not limited to the example given. For example, when there is a common single order and multiple orders arrive at the same time, the single order is prioritized.
  • At least one order can be divided into the same order group according to at least one of the order priority and the order type.
  • the orders can be combined as one virtual combined order.
  • the acquired order to be picked can be a combined virtual combination order.
  • the number of orders included in the merged virtual combined order needs to meet the limit of the order staging shelf of the picking station, which is used to manage the orders assigned to the picking station.
  • the order cache rack includes one or more order slots. The order is assigned to the picking station and enters an order slot. After the picking is completed, the order slot is left.
  • the number of order slots indicates the number of orders that the picking station can cache.
  • a group of orders to be sorted 4 (containing goods A, D, G and H), order 5 (containing goods A and D), order 8 (containing goods A) and order 9 (containing goods A and D), These orders are combined as a virtual combined order (containing goods A, D, G, and H). Because, after the picking station is assigned to the order 4, the shelves storing the goods in the order 4 are transported to the picking station, and the goods of the shelves are combined into the same virtual combined order if the quantity meets the picking requirements of the orders 5, 8 and 9. There is no need to pick from other shelves or picking stations to further increase efficiency.
  • the orders in the same order group can be combined as one virtual combined order, which is assigned to the same picking station.
  • the number of merged orders needs to meet the limit of the order staging rack of the picking station.
  • the order to be picked can be a virtual combined order with multiple orders combined.
  • step S104 determining, according to at least one of position distribution information of the shelves storing the goods to be sorted with respect to the respective picking stations, position distribution information of the available transporters with respect to the respective picking stations, and load information of each picking station, Order processing capability information for the picking station.
  • the picking station can be configured by order type to process the specified order type or order type combination. And the picking station can set up an order staging rack to manage the number of orders that can be processed.
  • the present disclosure allocates a picking station for an order, which is based on the order that the picking station can process the order, does not support the order type, the order slot in the order staging shelf is unavailable, the operator does not have the operating authority, and the like.
  • a picking station that cannot process the order is not a picking station selected in the method of the present disclosure.
  • determining a cargo distribution density value corresponding to the picking station according to the location distribution information of the shelf storing the goods to be sorted relative to the picking station determining the picking station according to the location distribution information of the available transporter relative to the picking station Corresponding carrier distribution density value; determining a load capacity value corresponding to the picking station according to the information of the picking station; determining, by the picking station, a weighted sum of the cargo distribution density value, the carrier distribution density value, and the load capacity value as Order processing capability information for the picking station.
  • the order processing capability information of the picking station can be determined by the following formula.
  • PDV represents the cargo distribution density value
  • RDV represents the carrier distribution density value
  • WLV represents the load capacity value
  • ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3 are the weights of PDV, RDV and WLV, respectively.
  • the following describes how the cargo distribution density value, the conveyor distribution density value, and the load capacity value are determined.
  • the location distribution information of the shelf in which the goods to be picked are stored relative to the picking station comprises: a distance between the picking station and at least one shelf in which the goods to be picked are stored.
  • the cargo distribution density value corresponding to the picking station may be determined according to the distance between the picking station and at least one shelf in which the goods to be sorted are stored. The greater the distance between the picking station and the shelf in which the goods to be picked are stored, the smaller the distribution density value of the goods corresponding to the picking station.
  • for each picking station one or more shelves are selected, and the goods stored in the selected shelves are capable of meeting the needs of the order and are closer to the other shelves than the picking station.
  • the value of the distribution density of the goods corresponding to the picking station is determined according to the distance from the selected shelf to the picking station.
  • the location distribution information of the shelf in which the goods to be picked are stored relative to the picking station includes: the number of shelves in which the goods to be picked are stored, and the distances of the respective shelves in which the goods to be picked are stored relative to the picking station.
  • the value of the cargo distribution density corresponding to the picking station is determined according to the number of shelves in which the goods to be sorted are stored, and the distance of each shelf in which the goods to be sorted are stored with respect to the picking station.
  • the value of the distribution density of the goods corresponding to the picking station can be determined based on the sum of the reciprocal distances of the respective shelves storing the goods to be sorted relative to the picking station. Further, the value of the distribution density of the goods corresponding to the picking station can be determined according to the carrying time of each shelf in which the goods to be sorted are stored. That is, the value of the distribution density of the goods corresponding to the picking station can be determined according to the distance of each shelf in which the goods to be sorted are stored with respect to the picking station, and the carrying speed of each shelf in which the goods to be sorted are stored.
  • the cargo distribution density value corresponding to the picking station can be determined according to the following formula. The following formula can be applied to the case where there is a goods to be picked in the order.
  • L j represents the distance from the shelf j to the picking station, which is the distance after considering the turning cost.
  • V j represents the conveyance speed of the shelf j, for example, the average conveyance speed.
  • M represents the number of shelves in which the goods to be sorted are stored, 1 ⁇ j ⁇ M, and j is a positive integer.
  • the turning distance plus the straight-through distance can be used as the distance after considering the turning cost.
  • the distance L j of the shelf j to the picking station may be set to a certain preset distance, and the others are not located in the picking station and are not in the picking station.
  • the distance between the distance from the shelf in the transportation to the picking station and the preset distance is greater than a preset value.
  • the preset distance is much smaller than the distance from other shelves that are not in the picking station and are not in transit to the picking station to the picking station. That is, the preset distance is the minimum distance relative to other distances from the picking station that is not in the picking station and is not in transit to the picking station. For example, the preset distance is set to 1m.
  • the value of the cargo distribution density corresponding to the picking station is determined based on the number of shelves in which each item to be picked is stored, and the distance from the rack to the picking station in which each item to be picked is stored. Further, the value of the distribution density of the goods corresponding to the picking station can be determined according to the carrying time of each shelf in which each of the goods to be picked is stored. That is, the value of the distribution density of the goods corresponding to the picking station can be determined according to the distance between each shelf in which each of the goods to be picked is stored with respect to the picking station, and the carrying speed of each rack in which each item to be picked is stored.
  • the cargo distribution density value corresponding to the picking station can be determined according to the following formula. The following formula can be applied to the case where there are multiple goods to be picked in the order.
  • L i,j represents the distance from the shelf j storing the goods to be picked i to the picking station, which is the distance after considering the turning cost.
  • V i,j represents the carrying speed of the shelf j in which the goods i to be sorted are stored
  • N is the number of types of goods to be picked
  • 1 ⁇ i ⁇ N, i is a positive integer
  • M represents the number of shelves in which the goods i to be sorted are stored
  • 1 ⁇ j ⁇ M, j is a positive integer.
  • the distance L i,j of the shelf j to the picking station can be set to a certain preset distance, and the others are not located in the picking station and are not present.
  • the distance difference between the distance from the shelf in the transportation process of the picking station to the picking station and the preset distance is greater than a preset value.
  • the preset distance is much smaller than the distance of the other shelves to the picking station, that is, the distance to the picking station relative to other picking stations that are not in the picking station and are not in transit to the picking station, the preset distance being the minimum distance. For example, 1m.
  • the shelf in which the goods i are stored is located at the picking station or during the transportation to the picking station, Directly set to a preset value, which is much larger than other goods
  • an area for selecting a shelf may be set for each picking station, and the shelf in which the goods to be sorted are stored in the above formula is a shelf in a preset area corresponding to the picking station, that is, each picking station may be different according to the corresponding preset area.
  • the number M of shelves corresponding to the goods to be sorted is different.
  • the above formulas (2) and (3) M represent the number of shelves in which the goods to be sorted are stored in the preset area corresponding to the picking station. This situation does not need to consider the shelves in the entire warehouse, reducing the amount of calculations and improving efficiency.
  • determining, according to the number of shelves in the preset area corresponding to the picking station, the number of shelves in which the goods to be sorted are stored, and the distance of each shelf in the preset area corresponding to the picking station in which the goods to be sorted are stored with respect to the picking station The value of the distribution density of the goods.
  • the above formulas (2) and (3) can reflect the distribution of the goods to be sorted relative to the picking station.
  • the location distribution information of the available handler relative to the picking station includes a distance between the picking station and the at least one available handler.
  • the cargo distribution density value corresponding to the picking station can be determined based on the distance between the picking station and the at least one available transporter. The greater the distance between the picking station and the available handler, the smaller the distribution density value of the handler corresponding to the picking station.
  • for each picking station one or more available handlers are selected, the number of available available handlers being the same as the number of shelves in which the selected goods are to be sorted, and from the picking station to the other handling The machine is closer.
  • the carrier distribution density value corresponding to the picking station is determined according to the distance of the selected available carrier to the picking station.
  • the positional distribution information of the available handler relative to the picking station includes the number of available handlers and the distance of each available handler relative to the picking station.
  • the carrier distribution density value corresponding to the picking station is determined based on the number of available handlers and the distance of each available handler relative to the picking station.
  • the carrier distribution density value corresponding to the picking station can be determined based on the sum of the reciprocal distances of the available transporters relative to the picking station. Further, the carrier distribution density value corresponding to the picking station can be determined according to the movement time of the available carrier. That is, the transporter distribution density value corresponding to the picking station can be determined according to the distance of the available transporter relative to the picking station, and the transport speed of the available transporter.
  • the conveyor density value corresponding to the picking station can be determined according to the following formula.
  • L k represents the distance from the transporter k to the picking station, which is the distance after considering the turning cost.
  • V k represents the conveyance speed of the conveyance machine k, for example, the average conveyance speed.
  • P represents the number of available carriers, 1 ⁇ k ⁇ P, and k is a positive integer.
  • an area for selecting a transporter can be set for each picking station, and the transporter available in the above formula (4) is a transporter in a preset area corresponding to the picking station. That is, each picking station may have a different number P of corresponding available transporters due to different preset areas.
  • the above formula (4) P indicates the number of available transporters in the preset area corresponding to the picking station. This situation does not need to consider the transporter in the entire warehouse, reducing the amount of calculation and improving efficiency.
  • the carrier distribution density value corresponding to the picking station is determined according to the number of available transporters in the preset area corresponding to the picking station and the distance of the available transporter relative to the picking station in the preset area corresponding to the picking station.
  • the distribution density value of the conveyor reflects the distribution of the conveyor around the picking station. The more transporters available around the picking station, the closer the distance from the transporter to the picking station, the higher the distribution density of the picker at the picking station, the order is The higher the probability of being assigned to this picking station.
  • the load information of the picking station includes at least one of a picking rate of an operator of the picking station, and a number of picking workstation idle rack cache bits; a picking rate of the operator of the picking station, and a picking station free shelf cache At least one of the number of bits determines the load capacity value corresponding to the picking station.
  • the load capacity value can be a weighted sum of the picking rate of the operator of the picking station and the number of free racking cache bits for the picking station. Determine the load capacity value corresponding to the picking station according to the following formula.
  • r is the picking rate
  • n is the number of free shelf buffer bits
  • ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are the weighting coefficients of r and n, respectively.
  • the picking rate of the picking station represents the operator's metric at the picking station.
  • the picking rate of the picking station can be the number of picking orders or the number of picking orders that the current operator completes in a unit time, and can be obtained based on historical statistics. For example, the average of the picking rates of the individual operators in the history of the picking station (in a certain time interval) or the average of the picking rates at the respective picking stations in the current operator history, or the picking of the current operator history can be calculated. The average of the picking rates of the workstations is used as the picking rate for the picking station.
  • the management system can provide a more even distribution of tasks between the various picking stations in the warehousing system, or between the picking stations and individual operators, or between individual operators.
  • the number of free shelf caches reflects the occupancy of the candidate rack cache queue for the picking job or how long the workstation will have no tasks to do. It is also possible to replace the number of free shelf cache bits with the expected wait time of the shelf in the cache queue, etc., reflecting the cache queue occupancy and any other suitable metrics.
  • the management system can further prioritize picking stations with more idle shelf cache bits, excluding picking stations that do not have free shelf cache bits.
  • the management system can optimize the order picking process by limiting the amount of time the shelf waits in the cache queue.
  • the weight coefficients in the above formulas can be set according to actual needs, and the data of the order picking can be analyzed historically, and the weight coefficient is optimized by artificial intelligence technology.
  • the management system can adaptively adjust the weight coefficients.
  • Step S106 the order is allocated to the picking station according to the processing capability information of each picking station, so that the picking goods in the order are sorted at the assigned picking station.
  • the processing capability information of the picking station may be calculated according to at least one of the cargo distribution density value, the carrier distribution density value, and the load capacity value in each of the above embodiments, and the picking station having the highest processing capability information value is selected, and the order is assigned to the picking workstation.
  • the method of the above embodiment comprehensively considers the position distribution information of the shelves storing the goods to be sorted with respect to the respective picking stations, the position distribution information of the available transporters with respect to the respective picking stations, and the sorting stations of the respective picking stations when performing the order allocation to be sorted.
  • a variety of information, such as load information, selects a picking station for the order to be picked.
  • the method of the above embodiment considers the distribution of the goods to be sorted and the distribution of the transporter, so that the shelves storing the goods to be sorted can be transported to the picking station as soon as possible, and the load information of the picking station can be processed as soon as possible. Therefore, the method of the above embodiment improves the sorting efficiency of the goods in the order.
  • the present disclosure also provides a method of selecting the rack and the handler for storing the goods to be picked, and transporting the selected racks to the picking station for picking the goods for picking. Description will be made below with reference to FIG. 2.
  • step S106 is a flow chart of still another embodiment of the inventory scheduling method of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2, after step S106, the method further includes: steps S208-S210.
  • Step S208 determining, according to the type and quantity of the goods to be sorted, the distance from each shelf to the picking station to which the order is allocated, and the distance from each shelf to each of the transporters, determining the picking shelf to select from the picking shelf.
  • the picking shelf can also be determined based on the distance of each shelf to each picking station or the distance of each shelf to each picking station that can handle the preset order type.
  • the type of goods to be stored is matched with the type of goods to be picked in the order, and the number of goods to be sorted stored meets the number of shelves specified by the order, and is used as a sorting shelf.
  • the sum of the reciprocal of the distance from the shelf to each picking station is calculated as the distance score, and the shelf with the smallest distance score is selected as the picking shelf.
  • the sum of the reciprocal of the distance from the shelf to each picking station capable of processing the preset order type is calculated as the distance score, and the shelf with the smallest distance score is selected as the picking shelf.
  • the picking station to which the order is assigned is selected as the picking shelf from the nearest shelf.
  • the sum of the reciprocal of the distance from the shelf to each of the carriers is calculated as the carrier score, and the shelf with the lowest score of the carrier is selected as the picking shelf.
  • an alternative score may be determined for each shelf based on the type and quantity of goods to be picked, the distance to the picking station to which the order is assigned, and the distance to each of the carriers. The highest shelf is used as a picking shelf.
  • the alternative score for the shelf can be calculated according to the following formula.
  • N i represents the number of goods to be picked i on the shelf
  • n represents the number of types of goods to be picked on the shelf
  • 1 ⁇ i ⁇ n, i is a positive integer
  • L represents the distance from the shelf to the picking station to which the order is assigned
  • L j represents the distance from the transporter j to the shelf
  • m represents the number of available transporters, 1 ⁇ j ⁇ m, and j is a positive integer.
  • ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3 represent the weights of the three terms, respectively.
  • the alternative score is set to a preset value that is greater than all other not in the picking station or in the picking station. Carrying shelves on the way. In this way, it is possible to prioritize the sorting of goods from such shelves and to pick the remaining unsorted goods from other shelves with high alternative scores.
  • the factors or rules used may include, but are not limited to, the distance between the shelf and the handler or picking station, the content of the goods stored on the shelf, the relative position of the goods to be picked in the shelf, and the current shelf. The tasks undertaken, etc.
  • an area for selecting a shelf can be set for each picking station, and the shelf in the above formula is a shelf in the preset area of the picking station, without considering the shelf in the entire warehouse, reducing the calculation amount and improving the efficiency.
  • step S210 the picking and transporting machine is determined according to the distance from each transporter to the picking shelf for carrying the picking shelf.
  • An available handler that is closest to the picking shelf can be selected as the picking handler for the picking shelf.
  • the picking handler can also be determined in conjunction with the distance from the handler to the picking station to which the order is assigned, for example, the picker that picks the picking shelf and the sum of the distances to the picking station to which the order is assigned is the picking handler.
  • the management system may also consider that a particular inventory shelf has been on the way to the selected picking station to complete another pick request, or the selected picking station is located at or near one to complete another The path through which the picking request will pass.
  • the management system can prioritize the use of handlers and shelves that are already performing picking requests, thereby further optimizing the use of system resources, minimizing the time it takes to complete the current picking request.
  • the transporters A1, A2 and A3 are respectively transported to the picking stations to carry out the picking tasks for the order 3.
  • the handlers A1A2 and A3 can carry the shelves B1, B2 and B3, respectively, in the buffering queue of the picking station to queue or move, and if necessary, pause one or more times and gradually reach the picking station of the picking station. For example, when the picking station is processing a picking task for another shelf, the carrier can pause one or more times in the queue until all the shelves in front of it are processed.
  • the present disclosure also provides an inventory scheduling apparatus, which can be used as the management system in the foregoing embodiment, which will be described below in conjunction with FIG. 3.
  • the apparatus 30 of this embodiment includes means for executing the inventory scheduling method in any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the apparatus 30 of this embodiment includes an order acquisition module 302, a data processing module 304, and a workstation determination module 306.
  • the order obtaining module 302 is configured to obtain an order to be picked, and the order includes at least one item to be picked.
  • the data processing module 304 is configured to: according to at least one of position distribution information of the shelf storing the goods to be sorted with respect to each picking station, location distribution information of the available transporter with respect to each picking station, and load information of each picking station, Determine order processing capability information for each picking station.
  • the data processing module 304 is configured to determine a value of the distribution density of the goods corresponding to the picking station according to the position distribution information of the shelf storing the goods to be sorted relative to the picking station; and according to the position distribution information of the available transporter relative to the picking station Determining the distribution density value of the handler corresponding to the picking station; determining the load capacity value corresponding to the picking station according to the load information of the picking station; and weighting the load distribution density value, the transport density value of the transporter, and the load capacity value corresponding to the picking station , determine the order processing capability information for the picking station.
  • the location distribution information of the shelf in which the goods to be picked are stored relative to the picking station includes: a distance of the shelf in which the goods to be picked are stored relative to the picking station.
  • the data processing module 304 is configured to determine a cargo distribution density value corresponding to the picking station according to the distance of the shelf in which the goods to be sorted is stored with respect to the picking station; and determine the order processing capability information of the picking station according to the cargo distribution density value corresponding to the picking station. For example, the value of the distribution density of the goods corresponding to the picking station is determined based on the sum of the distances of the respective shelves storing the goods to be sorted relative to the picking station.
  • the location distribution information of the shelf storing the goods to be sorted relative to the picking station includes: a number of shelves in the preset area corresponding to the picking station storing the goods to be sorted, and each shelf storing the goods to be sorted relative to the The distance to pick the workstation.
  • the data processing module 304 is configured to determine the number of shelves in which the goods to be sorted are stored in the preset area corresponding to the picking station, and the distance between the shelves storing the goods to be sorted relative to the picking station to determine the value of the cargo distribution density.
  • the data processing module 304 is configured to determine a picking station corresponding cargo distribution density value according to the following formula:
  • L i,j represents the distance from the shelf j storing the goods to be picked i to the picking station, which is the distance after considering the turning cost.
  • V i,j denotes the carrying speed of the shelf j in which the goods i to be sorted are stored
  • N is the number of types of goods to be picked
  • 1 ⁇ i ⁇ N i is a positive integer
  • M denotes the number of picking stations for the shelves in which the goods i to be sorted are stored.
  • the number of shelves in which the goods i to be sorted are stored in the corresponding preset area, 1 ⁇ j ⁇ M, j is a positive integer.
  • the distance from the shelf to the picking station is set to a preset distance, and the other is not located in the picking station and is not in the The distance between the distance of the picking station on the picking station to the picking station and the preset distance is greater than a preset value.
  • the location distribution information of the available handler relative to the picking station includes the distance of the available handler relative to the picking station.
  • the data processing module 304 is configured to determine a transporter distribution density value corresponding to the picking workstation according to the distance of the available transporter relative to the picking workstation; and determine the order processing capability information of the picking workstation according to the transporter distribution density value corresponding to the picking workstation. For example, the picker distribution density value corresponding to the picking station is determined based on the sum of the reciprocal of the distances of the available transporters relative to the picking station.
  • the positional distribution information of the available handler relative to the picking station includes: the number of available handlers in the preset area corresponding to the picking station, and the distance of each available handler relative to the picking station.
  • the data processing module 304 is configured to determine a carrier distribution density value corresponding to the picking station according to the number of available transporters in the preset area corresponding to the picking station, and the distance of each available transporter relative to the picking station.
  • the data processing module 304 can be configured to determine a carrier distribution density value corresponding to the picking station according to the following formula:
  • L k represents the distance from the transporter k to the picking station
  • V k represents the transport speed of the available transporter k
  • P indicates the number of available transporters or the number of available transporters in the preset area corresponding to the picking station. 1 ⁇ k ⁇ P, k is a positive integer.
  • the load information of the picking station includes at least one of a picking rate of an operator of the picking station and a number of picking station free racking cache bits.
  • the data processing module 304 is configured to determine a load capacity value corresponding to the picking station according to at least one of an operator's picking rate of the picking station and the number of picking workstation idle rack buffer bits; and determine the picking station according to the load capacity value corresponding to the picking station. Order processing capability information.
  • the data processing module 304 is configured to determine a weighted sum of the picking rate of the operator of the picking station and the number of idle racking buffer bits of the picking station as the load capacity value corresponding to the picking station.
  • the data processing module 304 can be configured to determine a load capacity value corresponding to the picking station according to the following formula:
  • r is the picking rate of the operator
  • n is the number of free shelf buffer bits
  • ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are the weighting coefficients of r and n, respectively.
  • the workstation determining module 306 is configured to allocate an order to a picking station according to the processing capability information of each picking station, so as to select the picking goods in the order at the assigned picking station.
  • the inventory scheduling device 30 can also include:
  • the shelf determination module 308 is configured to determine the sorting shelf according to the type and quantity of the goods to be picked, the distance from each shelf to the picking station to which the order is allocated, and the distance from each shelf to each of the transporters. In order to pick the goods to be picked from the picking shelves.
  • the inventory scheduling device 30 may further include a handler determination module 310 for determining a sorting transporter for transporting the picking shelf according to the distance from each transporter to the picking shelf.
  • the inventory scheduling apparatus 30 may further include: an order priority determining module 312, configured to determine a priority of each of the orders to be picked according to at least one of a user requirement and an order type, so that the order acquiring module 302 prioritizes each order. The level acquires the order to be picked.
  • the inventory scheduling devices in embodiments of the present disclosure may each be implemented by various computing devices or computer systems, as described below in connection with FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • apparatus 40 of this embodiment includes a memory 410 and a processor 420 coupled to the memory 410, the processor 420 being configured to perform any of the implementations of the present disclosure based on instructions stored in the memory 410.
  • the inventory scheduling method in the example is a block diagram of some embodiments of an inventory scheduling apparatus of the present disclosure.
  • apparatus 40 of this embodiment includes a memory 410 and a processor 420 coupled to the memory 410, the processor 420 being configured to perform any of the implementations of the present disclosure based on instructions stored in the memory 410.
  • the inventory scheduling method in the example.
  • the memory 410 may include, for example, a system memory, a fixed non-volatile storage medium, or the like.
  • the system memory stores, for example, an operating system, an application, a boot loader, a database, and other programs.
  • FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of still another embodiment of the inventory scheduling apparatus of the present disclosure.
  • the apparatus 50 of this embodiment includes a memory 510 and a processor 520, which are similar to the memory 410 and the processor 420, respectively, and may further include an input/output interface 530, a network interface 540, a storage interface 550, and the like. These interfaces 530, 540, 550 and the memory 510 and the processor 520 can be connected, for example, via a bus 560.
  • the input/output interface 530 provides a connection interface for input and output devices such as a display, a mouse, a keyboard, and a touch screen.
  • the network interface 540 provides a connection interface for various networked devices, such as a database server, a cloud storage server, or a wireless connection to a carrier or the like.
  • the storage interface 550 provides a connection interface for an external storage device such as an SD card or a USB flash drive.
  • embodiments of the present disclosure can be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present disclosure may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or a combination of software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable non-transitory storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer usable program code. .
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.
  • These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable device to produce computer-implemented processing for execution on a computer or other programmable device.
  • the instructions provide steps that are configured to implement the functions specified in one or more blocks of the flowchart or in a block or blocks of the flowchart.

Abstract

本公开涉及一种库存调度方法、装置以及计算机可读存储介质，涉及自动化仓储技术领域。本公开的方法包括：获取待拣选的订单，订单中包括至少一种待拣选货物；根据存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于各个拣选工作站的位置分布信息、可用搬运机相对于各个拣选工作站的位置分布信息、以及各个拣选工作站的负载信息中至少一项信息，确定各个拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息；根据各个拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息将订单分配至拣选工作站，以便在分配的拣选工作站对订单中的待拣选货物进行拣选。本公开的方案提高了订单中货物的拣选效率。

Description

库存调度方法、装置以及计算机可读存储介质
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请是以CN申请号为201711455773.9，申请日为2017年12月28日的申请为基础，并主张其优先权，该CN申请的公开内容在此作为整体引入本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及自动化仓储技术领域，特别涉及一种库存调度方法、装置以及计算机可读存储介质。
背景技术
当代物流仓库中的订单拣选效率是影响订单履约效率的重要因素。传统模式是拣选员按系统指定路径移动到固定的，含订单货物的库存货架拣选货物，即“操作员找货”拣选模式。
随着互联网技术的发展，仓库中利用自动搬运机将存放订单货物的可移动库存货架搬运到固定的拣选工作站，由该工作站的拣选员拣选商品，实现“货找操作员”的拣选模式。自动搬运机的拣选系统的应用提高了系统订单拣选的整体效率，而订单拣选资源分配方法，决定了系统整体订单拣选的成本与效率。
发明内容
发明人发现：目前仓库中一般采用随机分配待拣选的订单的方法，之后再由搬运机按照订单将货物搬运至拣选工作站。这种订单分配方法没有全面、综合地考虑拣选工作站、货架和搬运车的情况。因此，这种订单分配和拣选的方法效率并不高。
本公开所要解决的一个技术问题是：如何提高订单中货物拣选的效率。
根据本公开的一些实施例，提供的一种库存调度方法，包括：获取待拣选的订单，订单中包括至少一种待拣选货物；根据存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于各个拣选工作站的位置分布信息、可用搬运机相对于各个拣选工作站的位置分布信息、以及各个拣选工作站的负载信息中至少一项信息，确定各个拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息；根据各个拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息将订单分配至拣选工作站，以便在分配的拣选工作站对订单中的待拣选货物进行拣选。
在一些实施例中，确定拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息包括：根据存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于拣选工作站的位置分布信息，确定拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值；根据可用搬运机相对于拣选工作站的位置分布信息，确定拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值；根据拣选工作站的负载信息，确定拣选工作站对应的负载能力值；将拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值、搬运机分布密度值和负载能力值的加权和，确定为拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息。
在一些实施例中，确定拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息包括：根据存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于拣选工作站的距离，确定拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值；根据拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值，确定拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息。
在一些实施例中，拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值是根据存放有待拣选货物的各个货架相对于拣选工作站的距离倒数之和确定的；或者，拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值是根据拣选工作站对应的预设区域内存放有待拣选货物的货架的数量，以及对应的预设区域内存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于拣选工作站的距离确定的。
在一些实施例中，根据以下公式确定拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值：
Figure PCTCN2018109301-appb-000001
其中，L i,j表示存放有待拣选货物i的货架j到拣选工作站的距离，该距离为考虑转弯成本后的距离。V i,j表示存放有待拣选货物i的货架j的搬运速度，N为待拣选货物的种类数，1≤i≤N，i为正整数，M表示存放有待拣选货物i的货架的数量，1≤j≤M，j为正整数。
在一些实施例中，在存放有待拣选货物的货架位于拣选工作站或者在向拣选工作站的搬运途中的情况下，该货架到该拣选工作站的距离设置为预设距离，其他不位于拣选工作站且不在向该拣选工作站的搬运途中的货架，到该拣选工作站的距离与预设距离的差值大于预设值。
在一些实施例中，确定拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息包括：根据可用搬运机相对于拣选工作站的距离，确定拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值；根据拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值确定拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息。
在一些实施例中，拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值是根据各个可用搬运机相对于拣选工作站的距离倒数之和确定的；或者，拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值是根据拣选工作站对应的预设区域内可用搬运机的数量，以及对应的预设区域内可用 搬运机相对于拣选工作站的距离确定的。
在一些实施例中，确定拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息包括：根据拣选工作站的操作员的拣选速率，以及拣选工作站空闲货架缓存位数量中至少一项，确定拣选工作站对应的负载能力值；根据拣选工作站对应的负载能力值确定拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息。
在一些实施例中，拣选工作站对应的负载能力值是根据拣选工作站的操作员的拣选速率和拣选工作站空闲货架缓存位数量的加权和确定的。
在一些实施例中，该方法还包括：根据各个货架存放待拣选货物的种类和数量，各个货架到订单被分配的拣选工作站的距离，以及各个货架到各个搬运机的距离中至少一项，确定拣选货架，以便从拣选货架上拣选待拣选货物。
在一些实施例中，该方法还包括：根据各个搬运机到拣选货架的距离，确定拣选搬运机，用于搬运拣选货架。
在一些实施例中，该方法还包括：根据用户需求和订单类型中的至少一项确定各个待拣选的订单的优先级；获取待拣选的订单包括：按照各个订单的优先级获取待拣选的订单。
根据本公开的另一些实施例，提供的一种库存调度装置，包括：订单获取模块，被配置为获取待拣选的订单，订单中包括至少一种待拣选货物；数据处理模块，被配置为根据存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于各个拣选工作站的位置分布信息、可用搬运机相对于各个拣选工作站的位置分布信息、以及各个拣选工作站的负载信息中至少一项信息，确定各个拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息；工作站确定模块，被配置为根据各个拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息将订单分配至拣选工作站，以便在分配的拣选工作站对订单中的待拣选货物进行拣选。
在一些实施例中，数据处理模块被配置为根据存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于拣选工作站的位置分布信息，确定拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值；根据可用搬运机相对于拣选工作站的位置分布信息，确定拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值；根据拣选工作站的负载信息，确定拣选工作站对应的负载能力值；将拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值、搬运机分布密度值和负载能力值的加权和，确定为拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息。
在一些实施例中，数据处理模块被配置为根据存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于拣选工作站的距离，确定拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值；根据拣选工作站对应的货 物分布密度值，确定拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息。
在一些实施例中，拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值是根据存放有待拣选货物的各个货架相对于拣选工作站的距离倒数之和确定的；或者，拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值是根据拣选工作站对应的预设区域内存放有待拣选货物的货架的数量，以及对应的预设区域内存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于拣选工作站的距离确定的。
在一些实施例中，数据处理模块被配置为根据以下公式确定拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值：
Figure PCTCN2018109301-appb-000002
其中，L i,j表示存放有待拣选货物i的货架j到拣选工作站的距离，该距离为考虑转弯成本后的距离。V i,j表示存放有待拣选货物i的货架j的搬运速度，N为待拣选货物的种类数，1≤i≤N，i为正整数，M表示存放有待拣选货物i的货架的数量，1≤j≤M，j为正整数。
在一些实施例中，在存放有待拣选货物的货架位于拣选工作站或者在向拣选工作站的搬运途中的情况下，该货架到该拣选工作站的距离设置为预设距离，其他不位于拣选工作站且不在向该拣选工作站的搬运途中的货架，到该拣选工作站的距离与预设距离的差值大于预设值。
在一些实施例中，数据处理模块被配置为根据可用搬运机相对于拣选工作站的距离，确定拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值；根据拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值确定拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息。
在一些实施例中，拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值是根据各个可用搬运机相对于拣选工作站的距离倒数之和确定的；或者，拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值是根据拣选工作站对应的预设区域内可用搬运机的数量，以及对应的预设区域内可用搬运机相对于拣选工作站的距离确定的。
在一些实施例中，数据处理模块被配置为根据拣选工作站的操作员的拣选速率，以及拣选工作站空闲货架缓存位数量中至少一项，确定拣选工作站对应的负载能力值；根据拣选工作站对应的负载能力值确定拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息。
在一些实施例中，拣选工作站对应的负载能力值是根据拣选工作站的操作员的拣选速率和拣选工作站空闲货架缓存位数量的加权和确定的。
在一些实施例中，该装置还包括：货架确定模块，被配置为根据各个货架存放待 拣选货物的种类和数量，各个货架到订单被分配的拣选工作站的距离，以及各个货架到各个搬运机的距离中至少一项，确定拣选货架，以便从拣选货架上拣选待拣选货物。
在一些实施例中，该装置还包括：搬运机确定模块，被配置为根据各个搬运机到拣选货架的距离，确定拣选搬运机，用于搬运拣选货架。
在一些实施例中，该装置还包括：订单优先级确定模块，用于根据用户需求和订单类型中的至少一项确定各个待拣选的订单的优先级，以便订单获取模块按照各个订单的优先级获取待拣选的订单。
根据本公开的又一些实施例，提供的一种库存调度装置，包括：存储器；以及耦接至存储器的处理器，处理器被配置为基于存储在存储器设备中的指令，执行如前述任意实施例的库存调度方法。
根据本公开的再一些实施例，提供计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时实现前述任意实施例的库存调度方法的步骤。
本公开在进行待拣选的订单分配时，综合考虑存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于各个拣选工作站的位置分布信息、可用搬运机相对于各个拣选工作站的位置分布信息、以及各个拣选工作站的负载信息等多种信息，为待拣选的订单选择拣选工作站。本公开中考虑待拣选货物的分布和搬运机的分布，能够使存放有待拣选货物的货架尽快被搬运到拣选工作站，考虑拣选工作站的负载信息能够使待拣选的订单尽快被处理。因此，本公开的方案提高了订单中货物的拣选效率。
通过以下参照附图对本公开的示例性实施例的详细描述，本公开的其它特征及其优点将会变得清楚。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本公开的示意性实施例及其说明被配置为解释本公开，并不构成对本公开的不当限定。在附图中：
图1示出本公开的一些实施例的库存调度方法的流程示意图。
图2示出本公开的另一些实施例的库存调度方法的流程示意图。
图3示出本公开的一些实施例的库存调度装置的结构示意图。
图4示出本公开的另一些实施例的库存调度装置的结构示意图。
图5示出本公开的又一些实施例的库存调度装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图，对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。以下对至少一个示例性实施例的描述实际上仅仅是说明性的，决不作为对本公开及其应用或使用的任何限制。基于本公开中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
本公开提出一种库存调度方法，能够提高订单中货物的拣选效率。本公开的仓储系统中可以包括：管理系统(例如为本公开的库存调度装置)、货架储位、货架、自动搬运机、拣选工作站。
管理系统在接收到拣选请求时，可以选择特定的搬运机，货架，拣选工作站，储位等合适的组件来完成订单拣选的任务。每个货架上设置多个尺寸相同或不同的存储货格，存放一种或多种类型的货物。货架可以包括多个工作面，并且每个货格可以通过货架的一个或多个工作面进行存取。自动搬运机可以在适当的时候旋转货架，将特定的工作面和该工作面的货格呈现给操作员或仓储系统的其它组件。本公开中在涉及货架中的货物时，货架指的是某一货架工作面。例如，某货架存放有N个某类型货物，指的是该货架的某一工作面存放有N个某类型货物。在仓库工区内，自动搬运机载着各自的货架，在储位和拣选工作站之间的有效路径上穿梭。无货架的空载自动搬运机还可以在储位之间穿梭。每个拣选工作站在相邻处还可以设置“待拣选货架”缓存队列，为自动搬运机和相应货架提供缓存位。
下面结合图1对本公开的库存调度方法进行描述。
图1为本公开库存调度方法一些实施例的流程图。如图1所示，该实施例的方法包括：步骤S102～S106。
在步骤S102中，获取待拣选的订单，订单中包括至少一种待拣选货物。
管理系统可能会同时收到多个待拣选的订单。可以首先根据用户需求和订单类型中至少一项确定各个待拣选的订单的优先级，按照各个订单的优先级依次获取待拣选的订单，执行后续分配拣选工作站的方案。用户需求可以包括按截单时间，例如2小时配送订单比普通订单优先级高等，不限于所举示例。订单类型可以包括单件订单(单件货物订单)、多件订单(多件货物订单)、退供应商订单或大宗订单(订单中货物数量超过某一阈值的订单)等普通订单，以及特殊订单等。订单类型的划分方式不限于所举示例。例如，在有普通单件订单和多件订单同时到来时，优先分配单件订单。
进一步，可以根据订单的优先级和订单类型中至少一项，将至少一个订单划分为同一订单组。在一个订单中待拣选货物的种类包含同组其他订单中所有待拣选货物的种类的情况下，可以将订单进行合并作为一个虚拟组合订单。获取的待拣选的订单则可以是合并后的虚拟组合订单。被合并的虚拟组合订单中包含的订单个数需要满足拣选工作站的订单暂存架的限制，订单缓存架用于管理分配至该拣选工作站的订单。订单缓存架包括一个或多个订单槽位，订单被分配至拣选工作站后进入一个订单槽位，拣选完成后离开订单槽位。订单槽位的数量表示拣选工作站可以缓存的订单数量。例如，如果拣选工作站中订单暂存架只有20个订单槽位，对按组合订单拣选的情况，则不能将21个组合订单分配给该工作站。如果是按单个订单进行拣选，则虚拟组合订单内包含的单个订单数量不能超过空闲订单槽位数量，最多能合并20个单件订单。虚拟组合订单包含的订单类型需要满足拣选工作站支持的订单类型。
例如，一组待拣选订单4(含有货物A、D、G和H)、订单5(含有货物A和D)、订单8(含有货物A)和订单9(含有货物A和D)，可以将这些订单进行合并作为一个虚拟组合订单(含有货物A、D、G和H)。因为，在为订单4分配拣选工作站后，存储有订单4中货物的货架被搬运到该拣选工作站，这些货架的货物如果数量满足订单5、8和9的拣选需求，合并为同一虚拟组合订单，则不需要再从其他货架或拣选工作站进行拣选，进一步提高效率。
根据实际需求，同一订单组中的订单可以进行合并作为一个虚拟组合订单，被分配至同一拣选工作站，被合并的订单个数需要满足拣选工作站的订单暂存架的限制。获取待拣选的订单可以是多个订单合并后的虚拟组合订单。
在步骤S104中，根据存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于各个拣选工作站的位置分布信息、可用搬运机相对于各个拣选工作站的位置分布信息、以及各个拣选工作站的负载信息中至少一项信息，确定各个拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息。
拣选工作站可以按订单类型进行配置以处理指定的订单类型或订单类型组合。并且拣选工作站可以设置订单暂存架用来管理可以处理的订单数量。本领域技术人员可以理解，本公开为订单分配拣选工作站，是建立在拣选工作站能够处理该订单的基础上，不支持订单类型、订单暂存架中订单槽位不可用、操作员没有操作权限等无法处理该订单的拣选工作站不属于本公开方法中被选取的拣选工作站。
在一些实施例中，根据存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于拣选工作站的位置分布信息，确定该拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值；根据可用搬运机相对于拣选工作站的 位置分布信息，确定该拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值；根据拣选工作站的敷在信息确定该拣选工作站对应的负载能力值；将该拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值、搬运机分布密度值和负载能力值的加权和确定为该拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息。
拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息可以采用以下公式确定。
S＝β 1·PDV+β 2·RDV+β 3·WLV        (1)
其中，PDV表示货物分布密度值，RDV表示搬运机分布密度值，WLV表示负载能力值，β 1、β 2和β 3分别为PDV、RDV和WLV的权重。
下面分别描述货物分布密度值、搬运机分布密度值和负载能力值如何确定。
在一些实施例中，存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于拣选工作站的位置分布信息包括：拣选工作站与至少一个存放有待拣选货物的货架之间的距离。可以根据拣选工作站与至少一个存放有待拣选货物的货架之间的距离确定该拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值。拣选工作站与存放有待拣选货物的货架之间的距离越大，则该拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值越小。在一些实施例中，针对每个拣选工作站，选取一个或多个货架，这些选取的货架中存放的货物能够满足订单的需求，且距离该拣选工作站相对于其他货架更近。根据选取的货架到该拣选工作站的距离，确定该拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值。
在一些实施例中，存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于拣选工作站的位置分布信息包括：存放有待拣选货物的货架的数量，以及存放有待拣选货物的各个货架相对于该拣选工作站的距离。根据存放有待拣选货物的货架的数量，以及存放有待拣选货物的各个货架相对于该拣选工作站的距离确定该拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值。
拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值可以根据存放有待拣选货物的各个货架相对于该拣选工作站的距离倒数之和确定。进一步，拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值可以根据存放有待拣选货物的各个货架的搬运时间确定。即拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值可以根据存放有待拣选货物的各个货架相对于该拣选工作站的距离、以及存放有待拣选货物的各个货架的搬运速度确定。可以根据以下公式确定拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值。以下公式可以适用于在订单中存在一种待拣选货物的情况。
Figure PCTCN2018109301-appb-000003
其中，L j表示货架j到拣选工作站的距离，该距离为考虑转弯成本后的距离。V j表示货架j的搬运速度，例如为平均搬运速度。M表示存放有待拣选货物的货架的数量，1≤j≤M，j为正整数。例如，转弯距离加上直行距离可以作为考虑转弯成本后的距 离。
当货架j位于该拣选工作站或者在向该拣选工作站的搬运途中，则可将货架j到该拣选工作站的距离L j设置为某个预设距离，其他不位于拣选工作站且不在向该拣选工作站的搬运途中的货架到该拣选工作站的距离与预设距离的距离差大于预设值。该预设距离远小于其他不在该拣选工作站且不在向该拣选工作站的搬运途中的货架到该拣选工作站的距离。即相对于其他不在该拣选工作站且不在向该拣选工作站的搬运途中的货架到该拣选工作站的距离，该预设距离为最小距离。例如预设距离设置为1m。操作员可以直接从这些位于拣选工作站或者在向拣选工作站的搬运途中的货架上拣选货物，而不需要进行额外搬运。因此，如果拣选工作站中存在这样的货架，则使得拣选工作站的货物分布密度值高于其他拣选工作站，订单被分配至该拣选工作站的几率变高。
在一些实施例中，根据存放有每种待拣选货物的货架的数量，以及存放有每种待拣选货物的货架到拣选工作站的距离，确定拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值。进一步，拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值可以根据存放有每种待拣选货物的各个货架的搬运时间确定。即拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值可以根据存放有每种待拣选货物的各个货架相对于该拣选工作站的距离、以及存放有每种待拣选货物的各个货架的搬运速度确定。可以根据以下公式确定拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值。以下公式可以适用于订单中存在多种待拣选货物的情况。
Figure PCTCN2018109301-appb-000004
其中，L i,j表示存放有待拣选货物i的货架j到拣选工作站的距离，该距离为考虑转弯成本后的距离。V i,j表示存放有待拣选货物i的货架j的搬运速度，N为待拣选货物的种类数，1≤i≤N，i为正整数，M表示存放有待拣选货物i的货架的数量，1≤j≤M，j为正整数。
同样的，当货架j位于该拣选工作站或者在向该拣选工作站的搬运途中，则可将货架j到该拣选工作站的距离L i,j设置为某个预设距离，其他不位于拣选工作站且不在向该拣选工作站的搬运途中的货架到该拣选工作站的距离与预设距离的距离差大于预设值。该预设距离远小于其他货架到拣选工作站的距离，即相对于其他不在该拣选工作站且不在向该拣选工作站的搬运途中的货架到拣选工作站的距离，该预设距离为最小距离。例如为1m。或者，当存放有货物i的货架位于该拣选工作站或者在向该拣 选工作站的搬运途中，可以将
Figure PCTCN2018109301-appb-000005
直接设置为某个预设值，该预设值远大于其他货物对应的
Figure PCTCN2018109301-appb-000006
进一步，可以为每个拣选工作站设置选择货架的区域，则上述公式中存放有待拣选货物的货架则为拣选工作站对应的预设区域内的货架，即每个拣选工作站可能因为对应的预设区域不同，导致对应的存放有待拣选货物的货架的数量M不同。上述公式(2)和(3)M表示拣选工作站对应的预设区域内存放有待拣选货物的货架的数量。这种情况不需要考虑整个仓库内的货架，减少计算量，提高效率。进一步，根据拣选工作站对应的预设区域内存放有待拣选货物的货架的数量，以及该拣选工作站对应的预设区域内存放有待拣选货物的各个货架相对于该拣选工作站的距离确定该拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值。
上述公式(2)和(3)可以反映待拣选货物相对于拣选工作站的分布情况，待拣选货物存放的货架到拣选工作站的距离越近，拣选工作站对应的存放待拣选货物的货架越多，则拣选工作站在短时间内完成订单任务的几率越大，拣选工作站的货物分布密度值就越大。
在一些实施例中，可用搬运机相对于拣选工作站的位置分布信息包括：拣选工作站与至少一个可用搬运机之间的距离。可以根据拣选工作站与至少一个可用搬运机之间的距离确定该拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值。拣选工作站与可用搬运机之间的距离越大，则该拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值越小。在一些实施例中，针对每个拣选工作站，选取一个或多个可用搬运机，这些选取的可用搬运机的数量与选取的存放有待拣选货物的货架数量相同，且距离该拣选工作站相对于其他搬运机更近。根据选取的可用搬运机到该拣选工作站的距离，确定该拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值。
在一些实施例中，可用搬运机相对于拣选工作站的位置分布信息包括：可用搬运机的数量，以及各个可用搬运机相对于该拣选工作站的距离。根据可用搬运机的数量，以及各个可用搬运机相对于该拣选工作站的距离确定该拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值。
拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值可以根据各个可用搬运机相对于该拣选工作站的距离倒数之和确定。进一步，拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值可以根据可用搬运机的运动时间确定。即拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值可以根据可用搬运机相对于该拣选工作站的距离、以及可用搬运机的搬运速度确定。可以根据以下公式 确定拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值。
Figure PCTCN2018109301-appb-000007
其中，L k表示可用搬运机k到拣选工作站的距离，该距离为考虑转弯成本后的距离。V k表示搬运机k的搬运速度，例如为平均搬运速度。P表示可用搬运机的数量，1≤k≤P，k为正整数。
进一步，可以为每个拣选工作站设置选择搬运机的区域，则上述公式(4)中可用搬运机则为拣选工作站对应的预设区域内的搬运机。即每个拣选工作站可能因为对应的预设区域不同，导致对应的可用搬运机的数量P不同。上述公式(4)P表示拣选工作站对应的预设区域内可用搬运机的数量。这种情况而不需要考虑整个仓库内的搬运机，减少计算量，提高效率。进一步，根据拣选工作站对应的预设区域内可用搬运机的数量，以及该拣选工作站对应的预设区域内可用搬运机相对于该拣选工作站的距离确定该拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值。
搬运机分布密度值反映了拣选工作站周围分布的搬运机情况，拣选工作站周围可用搬运机越多，可用搬运机到拣选工作站的距离越近，则拣选工作站的搬运机分布密度值越高，订单被分配至该拣选工作站的几率越高。
在一些实施例中，拣选工作站的负载信息包括拣选工作站的操作员的拣选速率，以及拣选工作站空闲货架缓存位数量中至少一项；根据拣选工作站的操作员的拣选速率，以及拣选工作站空闲货架缓存位数量中至少一项确定拣选工作站对应的负载能力值。
负载能力值可以为拣选工作站的操作员的拣选速率和该拣选工作站空闲货架缓存位数量的加权和。根据以下公式确定拣选工作站对应的负载能力值。
WLV＝α 1r+α 2n         (5)
其中，r表示拣选速率，n表示空闲货架缓存位数量，α 1和α 2分别为r和n的权重系数。
拣选工作站的拣选速率表示操作员在该拣选工作站的工作量度。拣选工作站的拣选速率可以是当前操作员在单位时间内完成的拣选订单的数量或拣货的数量，可以根据历史统计信息获得。例如，可以计算该拣选工作站历史上(在一定时间区间)各个操作员的拣选速率的平均值或者当前操作员历史上在各个拣选工作站的拣选速率的平均值，或者当前操作员历史上在该拣选工作站的拣选速率的平均值作为该拣选工作站的拣选速率。
通过考虑拣选速率，管理系统可以在仓储系统中的各个拣选工作站之间，或各个拣选工作站和各个操作员之间，或各个操作员之间提供更均匀的任务分配。拣选速率越大，拣选速率越大，则拣选工作站的负载能力值越高，订单被分配至该拣选工作站的几率越高。
空闲货架缓存位数量反映了该拣选工作的待拣选货架缓存队列的占用状况或工作站多久以后将无任务可做。还可以用货架在缓存队列的预期等待时间等反映缓存队列占用情况以及任何其它合适的度量代替空闲货架缓存位数量。
通过考虑空闲货架缓存位数量，管理系统可以进一步优先选择具有更多空闲货架缓存位数量的拣选工作站，排除不具空闲货架缓存位数量的拣选工作站。通过考虑空闲货架缓存位数量，管理系统可以通过限制货架在缓存队列中等待的时间量来优化订单拣选过程。
上述各公式中的权重系数可以根据实际需求进行设置，还可以历史对订单进行拣选的数据进行分析，利用人工智能技术对权重系数进行优化。管理系统可以对权重系数进行自适应调整。
步骤S106，根据各个拣选工作站的处理能力信息将订单分配至拣选工作站，以便在分配的拣选工作站对订单中的待拣选货物进行拣选。
可以根据上述各实施例中货物分布密度值、搬运机分布密度值和负载能力值中至少一项计算拣选工作站的处理能力信息，选择处理能力信息的值最高的拣选工作站，将订单分配至该拣选工作站。
上述实施例的方法在进行待拣选的订单分配时，综合考虑存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于各个拣选工作站的位置分布信息、可用搬运机相对于各个拣选工作站的位置分布信息、以及各个拣选工作站的负载信息等多种信息，为待拣选的订单选择拣选工作站。上述实施例的方法中考虑待拣选货物的分布和搬运机的分布，能够使存放有待拣选货物的货架尽快被搬运到拣选工作站，考虑拣选工作站的负载信息能够使待拣选的订单尽快被处理。因此，上述实施例的方法提高了订单中货物的拣选效率。
在为待拣选的订单分配拣选工作站之后，本公开还提供选取存放有待拣选货物的货架和搬运机的方法，将选取的货架利用搬运机搬运至拣选工作站对待拣选货物进行拣选。下面结合图2进行描述。
图2为本公开库存调度方法另一些实施例的流程图。如图2所示，在步骤S106之后还包括：步骤S208～S210。
步骤S208，根据各个货架存放待拣选货物的种类和数量，各个货架到订单被分配的拣选工作站的距离，以及各个货架到各个搬运机的距离中至少一项，确定拣选货架，以便从拣选货架上拣选待拣选货物。还可以根据各个货架到各个拣选工作站的距离或各个货架到各个能够处理预设订单类型的拣选工作站的距离确定拣选货架。
例如，选取存放的货物的种类与订单中待拣选货物种类相匹配，且存放的待拣选货物的数量满足订单指定的数量的货架，作为拣选货架。又例如，计算货架到各个拣选工作站的距离的倒数之和作为距离分值，选取距离分值最小的货架作为拣选货架。又例如，计算货架到各个能够处理预设订单类型的拣选工作站的距离的倒数之和作为距离分值，选取距离分值最小的货架作为拣选货架。又例如，选取到订单被分配的拣选工作站距离最近的货架作为拣选货架。又例如，计算货架到各个搬运机的距离的倒数之和作为搬运机分值，选取搬运机分值最小的货架作为拣选货架。
在一些实施例中，可以根据存放待拣选货物的种类和数量，到订单被分配的拣选工作站的距离，以及到各个搬运机的距离为每个货架确定一个备选分值，选取备选分值最高的货架作为拣选货架。
可以根据以下公式计算货架的备选分值。
Figure PCTCN2018109301-appb-000008
其中，N i表示货架上存放待拣选货物i的数量，n表示货架上存放待拣选货物的种类数，1≤i≤n，i为正整数，L表示货架到订单被分配的拣选工作站的距离，L j表示可用搬运机j到货架的距离，m表示可用搬运机的数量，1≤j≤m，j为正整数。γ 1、γ 2和γ 3分别表示三项的权重。
对于位于订单被分配的拣选工作站或者在向该拣选工作站的搬运途中的货架，将其备选分值设置为预设值，该预设值大于其他所有不在该拣选工作站也不在向该拣选工作站的搬运途中的货架。这样，可以优先从这类货架中拣选货物，对剩余的未拣选的货物再从其他备选分值高的货架中进行拣选。
在选择拣选货架时，使用的因素或规则可以包括但不限于，货架与搬运机或拣选工作站之间的距离，货架上存储的货物内容，待拣选货物在货架中的相对位置，以及货架目前所承担的任务等。
进一步，可以为每个拣选工作站设置选择货架的区域，则上述公式中的货架则为拣选工作站预设区域内的货架，而不需要考虑整个仓库内的货架，减少计算量，提高效率。
步骤S210，根据各个搬运机到拣选货架的距离，确定拣选搬运机，用于搬运拣选货架。
可以为拣选货架选取一个到拣选货架距离最近的可用搬运机作为拣选搬运机。还可以结合搬运机到订单被分配的拣选工作站的距离确定拣选搬运机，例如，选取到拣选货架和到订单被分配的拣选工作站的距离之和最小的搬运机作为拣选搬运机。
在选择搬运机和货架时，管理系统还可以考虑某特定库存货架已经在前往所选拣选工作站的路上去完成另一拣选请求的情况，或所选拣选工作站就位于或靠近一个要去完成另一个拣选请求的货架将要经过的路径上。因此，管理系统可以优先利用已经在执行拣选请求的搬运机和货架，从而进一步优化系统资源的使用，使完成当前拣选请求所花费的时间最短。
在一个应用例中，假设分别选择了搬运机A1，A2和A3将货架B1，B2和B3搬运到拣选工作站来完成订单3的拣选任务。搬运机A1A2和A3可以分别运载着货架B1，B2和B3在拣选工作站的缓存队列的缓存位排队或移动，需要时暂停一到多次，逐渐到达拣选工作站的拣选位。例如，当拣选工作站正在处理其它货架的拣选任务时，搬运机可以在队列中暂停一次或多次，直到排在其前面的货架全部处理完毕。
本公开还提供一种库存调度装置，可以作为前述实施例中的管理系统，下面结合图3进行描述。
图3为本公开库存调度装置的一些实施例的结构图。如图3所示，该实施例的装置30包括：用于执行前述任一个实施例中库存调度方法的模块。例如，包括：订单获取模块302，数据处理模块304，工作站确定模块306。
订单获取模块302，用于获取待拣选的订单，订单中包括至少一种待拣选货物。
数据处理模块304，用于根据存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于各个拣选工作站的位置分布信息、可用搬运机相对于各个拣选工作站的位置分布信息、以及各个拣选工作站的负载信息中至少一项信息，确定各个拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息。
在一些实施例中，数据处理模块304用于根据存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于拣选工作站的位置分布信息，确定拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值；根据可用搬运机相对于拣选工作站的位置分布信息，确定拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值；根据拣选工作站的负载信息，确定拣选工作站对应的负载能力值；将拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值、搬运机分布密度值和负载能力值的加权和，确定为拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息。
在一些实施例中，存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于拣选工作站的位置分布信息包括：存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于该拣选工作站的距离。数据处理模块304被配置为根据存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于拣选工作站的距离，确定拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值；根据拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值，确定拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息。例如，拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值是根据存放有待拣选货物的各个货架相对于拣选工作站的距离倒数之和确定的。
在一些实施例中，存放有待拣选货物的货架相对于拣选工作站的位置分布信息包括：拣选工作站对应的预设区域内存放有待拣选货物的货架的数量，以及存放有待拣选货物的各个货架相对于该拣选工作站的距离。数据处理模块304用于拣选工作站对应的预设区域内存放有待拣选货物的货架的数量，以及存放有待拣选货物的各个货架相对于该拣选工作站的距离确定货物分布密度值。
在一些实施例中，数据处理模块304用于根据以下公式确定拣选工作站对应货物分布密度值：
Figure PCTCN2018109301-appb-000009
其中，L i,j表示存放有待拣选货物i的货架j到拣选工作站的距离，该距离为考虑转弯成本后的距离。V i,j表示存放有待拣选货物i的货架j的搬运速度，N为待拣选货物的种类数，1≤i≤N，i为正整数，M表示存放有待拣选货物i的货架的数量拣选工作站对应的预设区域内存放有待拣选货物i的货架的数量，1≤j≤M，j为正整数。
可选的，在存放有待拣选货物的货架位于拣选工作站或者在向该拣选工作站的搬运途中的情况下，该货架到该拣选工作站的距离设置为预设距离，其他不位于拣选工作站且不在向该拣选工作站的搬运途中的货架到该拣选工作站的距离与预设距离的距离差大于预设值。
在一些实施例中，可用搬运机相对于拣选工作站的位置分布信息包括：可用搬运机相对于该拣选工作站的距离。数据处理模块304用于根据可用搬运机相对于该拣选工作站的距离确定拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值；根据拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值确定拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息。例如，拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值是根据各个可用搬运机相对于拣选工作站的距离倒数之和确定的。
在一些实施例中，可用搬运机相对于拣选工作站的位置分布信息包括：拣选工作站对应的预设区域内可用搬运机的数量，以及各个可用搬运机相对于该拣选工作站的 距离。数据处理模块304用于根据拣选工作站对应的预设区域内可用搬运机的数量，以及各个可用搬运机相对于该拣选工作站的距离确定拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值。
在一些实施例中，数据处理模块304可以用于根据以下公式确定拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值：
Figure PCTCN2018109301-appb-000010
其中，L k表示可用搬运机k到拣选工作站的距离，V k表示可用搬运机k的搬运速度。P表示可用搬运机的数量或者拣选工作站对应的预设区域内可用搬运机的数量，1≤k≤P，k为正整数。
在一些实施例中，拣选工作站的负载信息包括拣选工作站的操作员的拣选速率，以及拣选工作站空闲货架缓存位数量中至少一项。数据处理模块304用于根据拣选工作站的操作员的拣选速率，以及拣选工作站空闲货架缓存位数量中至少一项，确定拣选工作站对应的负载能力值；根据拣选工作站对应的负载能力值确定拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息。
进一步，数据处理模块304用于将拣选工作站的操作员的拣选速率和该拣选工作站空闲货架缓存位数量的加权和确定为拣选工作站对应的负载能力值。数据处理模块304可以用于根据以下公式确定拣选工作站对应的负载能力值：
WLV＝α 1r+α 2n
其中，r表示操作员的拣选速率，n表示空闲货架缓存位数量，α 1和α 2分别为r和n的权重系数。
工作站确定模块306，用于根据各个拣选工作站的处理能力信息将订单分配至一个拣选工作站，以便在分配的拣选工作站对订单中的待拣选货物进行拣选。
在一些实施例中，库存调度装置30还可以包括：
货架确定模块308，被配置为根据各个货架存放待拣选货物的种类和数量，各个货架到订单被分配的拣选工作站的距离，以及各个货架到各个搬运机的距离中至少一项，确定拣选货架，以便从拣选货架上拣选待拣选货物。
进一步，库存调度装置30还可以包括：搬运机确定模块310，用于根据各个搬运机到拣选货架的距离，确定拣选搬运机，用于搬运拣选货架。
进一步，库存调度装置30还可以包括：订单优先级确定模块312，用于根据用户需求和订单类型中的至少一项确定各个待拣选的订单的优先级，以便订单获取模块 302按照各个订单的优先级获取待拣选的订单。
本公开的实施例中的库存调度装置可各由各种计算设备或计算机系统来实现，下面结合图4以及图5进行描述。
图4为本公开库存调度装置的一些实施例的结构图。如图4所示，该实施例的装置40包括：存储器410以及耦接至该存储器410的处理器420，处理器420被配置为基于存储在存储器410中的指令，执行本公开中任意一些实施例中的库存调度方法。
其中，存储器410例如可以包括系统存储器、固定非易失性存储介质等。系统存储器例如存储有操作系统、应用程序、引导装载程序(Boot Loader)、数据库以及其他程序等。
图5为本公开库存调度装置的另一些实施例的结构图。如图5所示，该实施例的装置50包括：存储器510以及处理器520，分别与存储器410以及处理器420类似，还可以包括输入输出接口530、网络接口540、存储接口550等。这些接口530，540，550以及存储器510和处理器520之间例如可以通过总线560连接。其中，输入输出接口530为显示器、鼠标、键盘、触摸屏等输入输出设备提供连接接口。网络接口540为各种联网设备提供连接接口，例如可以连接到数据库服务器、云端存储服务器，或者以无线方式连接到搬运机等。存储接口550为SD卡、U盘等外置存储设备提供连接接口。
本领域内的技术人员应当明白，本公开的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本公开可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本公开可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用非瞬时性存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本公开是参照根据本公开实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解为可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生被配置为实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特 定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供被配置为实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
以上所述仅为本公开的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本公开，凡在本公开的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种库存调度方法，包括：
    获取待拣选的订单，所述订单中包括至少一种待拣选货物；
    根据存放有所述待拣选货物的货架相对于各个拣选工作站的位置分布信息、可用搬运机相对于各个拣选工作站的位置分布信息、以及各个拣选工作站的负载信息中至少一项信息，确定各个拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息；
    根据各个拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息将所述订单分配至拣选工作站，以便在分配的拣选工作站对所述订单中的待拣选货物进行拣选。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的库存调度方法，其中，
    所述确定拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息包括：
    根据存放有所述待拣选货物的货架相对于拣选工作站的位置分布信息，确定所述拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值；
    根据可用搬运机相对于拣选工作站的位置分布信息，确定所述拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值；
    根据所述拣选工作站的负载信息，确定所述拣选工作站对应的负载能力值；
    将所述拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值、搬运机分布密度值和负载能力值的加权和，确定为所述拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的库存调度方法，其中，
    所述确定拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息包括：
    根据存放有所述待拣选货物的货架相对于所述拣选工作站的距离，确定所述拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值；
    根据所述拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值，确定所述拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的库存调度方法，其中，
    所述拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值是根据存放有所述待拣选货物的各个货架相对于所述拣选工作站的距离倒数之和确定的；
    或者，所述拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值是根据所述拣选工作站对应的预设区域内存放有所述待拣选货物的货架的数量，以及所述对应的预设区域内存放有所述待拣选货物的货架相对于所述拣选工作站的距离确定的。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的库存调度方法，其中，
    根据以下公式确定所述拣选工作站对应的货物分布密度值：
    Figure PCTCN2018109301-appb-100001
    其中，L i,j表示存放有待拣选货物i的货架j到拣选工作站的距离，该距离为考虑转弯成本后的距离。V i,j表示存放有待拣选货物i的货架j的搬运速度，N为待拣选货物的种类数，1≤i≤N，i为正整数，M表示存放有待拣选货物i的货架的数量，1≤j≤M，j为正整数。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的库存调度方法，其中，
    在存放有待拣选货物的货架位于拣选工作站或者在向拣选工作站的搬运途中的情况下，该货架到该拣选工作站的距离设置为预设距离，其他不位于拣选工作站且不在向该拣选工作站的搬运途中的货架，到该拣选工作站的距离与所述预设距离的差值大于预设值。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的库存调度方法，其中，
    所述确定拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息包括：
    根据可用搬运机相对于所述拣选工作站的距离，确定所述拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值；
    根据所述拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值确定所述拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的库存调度方法，其中，
    所述拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值是根据各个可用搬运机相对于所述拣选工作站的距离倒数之和确定的；
    或者，所述拣选工作站对应的搬运机分布密度值是根据所述拣选工作站对应的预 设区域内可用搬运机的数量，以及所述对应的预设区域内可用搬运机相对于所述拣选工作站的距离确定的。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的库存调度方法，其中，
    所述确定拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息包括：
    根据所述拣选工作站的操作员的拣选速率，以及所述拣选工作站空闲货架缓存位数量中至少一项，确定所述拣选工作站对应的负载能力值；
    根据所述拣选工作站对应的负载能力值确定所述拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的库存调度方法，其中，
    所述拣选工作站对应的负载能力值是根据所述拣选工作站的操作员的拣选速率和所述拣选工作站空闲货架缓存位数量的加权和确定的。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的库存调度方法，还包括：
    根据各个货架存放所述待拣选货物的种类和数量，各个货架到所述订单被分配的拣选工作站的距离，以及各个货架到各个搬运机的距离中至少一项，确定拣选货架，以便从所述拣选货架上拣选所述待拣选货物。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的库存调度方法，还包括：
    根据各个搬运机到所述拣选货架的距离，确定拣选搬运机，用于搬运所述拣选货架。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的库存调度方法，还包括：
    根据用户需求和订单类型中的至少一项确定各个待拣选的订单的优先级；
    所述获取待拣选的订单包括：
    按照各个订单的优先级获取待拣选的订单。
  14. 一种库存调度装置，包括：
    订单获取模块，被配置为获取待拣选的订单，所述订单中包括至少一种待拣选货 物；
    数据处理模块，被配置为根据存放有所述待拣选货物的货架相对于各个拣选工作站的位置分布信息、可用搬运机相对于各个拣选工作站的位置分布信息、以及各个拣选工作站的负载信息中至少一项信息，确定各个拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息；
    工作站确定模块，被配置为根据各个拣选工作站的订单处理能力信息将所述订单分配至拣选工作站，以便在分配的拣选工作站对所述订单中的待拣选货物进行拣选。
  15. 一种库存调度装置，包括：
    存储器；以及
    耦接至所述存储器的处理器，所述处理器被配置为基于存储在所述存储器中的指令，执行如权利要求1-13任一项所述的库存调度方法。
  16. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，其中，该程序被处理器执行时实现权利要求1-13任一项所述方法的步骤。
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