WO2019125047A2 - 연성 복합 기판 및 이의 제조방법 - Google Patents
연성 복합 기판 및 이의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2019125047A2 WO2019125047A2 PCT/KR2018/016461 KR2018016461W WO2019125047A2 WO 2019125047 A2 WO2019125047 A2 WO 2019125047A2 KR 2018016461 W KR2018016461 W KR 2018016461W WO 2019125047 A2 WO2019125047 A2 WO 2019125047A2
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- insulating film
- adhesive layer
- composite substrate
- disposed
- metal conductor
- Prior art date
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/28—Applying non-metallic protective coatings
- H05K3/281—Applying non-metallic protective coatings by means of a preformed insulating foil
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K1/00—Printed circuits
- H05K1/02—Details
- H05K1/03—Use of materials for the substrate
- H05K1/0393—Flexible materials
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/02—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/02—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which the conductive material is applied to the surface of the insulating support and is thereafter removed from such areas of the surface which are not intended for current conducting or shielding
- H05K3/022—Processes for manufacturing precursors of printed circuits, i.e. copper-clad substrates
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/12—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/10—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern
- H05K3/12—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns
- H05K3/1275—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits in which conductive material is applied to the insulating support in such a manner as to form the desired conductive pattern using thick film techniques, e.g. printing techniques to apply the conductive material or similar techniques for applying conductive paste or ink patterns by other printing techniques, e.g. letterpress printing, intaglio printing, lithographic printing, offset printing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/22—Secondary treatment of printed circuits
- H05K3/28—Applying non-metallic protective coatings
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a flexible composite substrate having high degree of freedom in circuit design, reliability can be ensured under severe conditions, and productivity is excellent, and a manufacturing method thereof.
- FFC Flexible Flat Cable
- the FFC wire is manufactured by arranging conductors at regular intervals between upper and lower portions of an insulating film made of a thermally adhesive material and laminating them with instant heat and pressure. Since the conductor and the insulating film are continuously joined together in the machine direction, the manufacturing process is very simple and the production efficiency is high. However, due to the nature of the heat-bonding material requiring instantaneous adhesion, the heat resistance is low at 105 to 125 ° C. Also, when the quantity, thickness, width, material, etc. of wiring are changed, it is troublesome to replace all the conductor lines . The use of too thin conductors limits the width and thickness of the applicable conductors as there is a risk of breaking the conductor during production. In addition, since it is possible to use only a straight-line wiring, designing with various types of wiring is limited. Despite the high production efficiency due to the low freedom of circuit design, it is difficult to expand to various application fields.
- a hole for the terminal portion is drilled in the front surface of the upper or lower insulating film before laminating.
- the insulating film may be broken, so that it is difficult to raise the production speed over a constant speed, and the width of the insulating film is also limited.
- the insulating film is now being produced at a width of 120 mm, and the terminal hole is left at a distance of about 10 mm, and the center of the insulating film is punched through a square hole having a width of about 100 mm (width) ⁇ 8 mm (width) 10mm left and right.
- Tension can be controlled within a range in which the film of 10 mm in the right and left direction is not broken even if the tension of the insulating film is pulled for tensioning.
- a flexible printed circuit board has a feature similar to an FFC in that it is a flexible wiring board.
- the degree of freedom of circuit design is higher than that of FFC, and it is possible to cope with the line width of a narrow microcircuit.
- polyimide (PI) based resin is used for FPCB, which has higher reliability than FFC which mainly uses polyester series.
- the FPCB is formed in a desired circuit pattern through an exposure / development / etching process, and then subjected to a cover-laying process for protecting the circuit.
- This process involves a step of laminating the coverlay to match the coverage between the coverlay and the FPCB circuit, a stitching step to prevent the position of the coverlay from shaking, and a press step to adhere the coverlay to the product. Due to the nature of the coverlay film that applies epoxy adhesive to the FPCB requiring high heat resistance, it takes a long time to cure the product at the high temperature pressing step. In addition, since all of the above-described processes must be performed in the form of a sheet, they must undergo a pressing process.
- a flexible flat cable (FFC) and a flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) the inventors of the present invention have developed an FFC insulation film having excellent cross- To meet productivity and reliability at the same time.
- the present invention provides a flexible composite printed circuit board having a high degree of freedom in circuit design and at least a part of a flexible flat cable having excellent product reliability even under severe conditions,
- a rutole in-line process By applying a rutole in-line process, a flexible composite substrate having high degree of design freedom and excellent mechanical properties, thermal characteristics, and electrical characteristics even under high temperature and high humidity conditions, reliability can be secured,
- the purpose is to provide.
- a semiconductor device comprising: a first insulating film on one side of which a first adhesive layer is disposed; And a second insulating film on one surface of which a second adhesive layer and a metal conductor patterned in a predetermined shape are sequentially disposed, wherein the first adhesive layer of the first insulating film and the metal conductor of the second insulating film Is provided integrally with the surface on which the flexible composite substrate is placed.
- the flexible composite substrate may be one in which the first insulation film and the second insulation film are integrated through a roll-to-roll process.
- the flexible composite substrate includes: a second insulation film; A second adhesive layer formed on the second insulating film; A metal conductor disposed on the second adhesive layer and patterned in a predetermined shape; A first adhesive layer formed on the second adhesive layer and surrounding the metal conductor; And a first insulating film disposed on the first adhesive layer.
- the metal conductor may have a plurality of metal conductor lines arranged in a straight line pattern or a circuit pattern of a predetermined shape continuously along one direction of the composite substrate.
- the circuit pattern may be formed through a wet or dry etching process.
- the second insulating film may be a polyimide film.
- the first insulating film may be an insulating film including a resin layer or an intermediate layer and a resin layer.
- the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are different from each other, and the first adhesive layer is a crosslinking adhesive, and the second adhesive layer may be a thermosetting adhesive.
- the first adhesive layer comprises at least two polyester resins
- the polyester resin comprises a first polyester resin having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 1,000 to 15,000 and a second polyester resin having a weight average molecular weight And a second polyester resin having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 20,000 to 35,000.
- the first adhesive layer contains at least one curing agent
- the curing agent is a compound containing at least one functional group selected from an isocyanate group, a block isocyanate group, an epoxy group and a carbodiimide group .
- the first adhesive layer further comprises at least one flame retardant filler, wherein the flame retardant filler is selected from the group consisting of a halogen-free flame retardant, a phosphorus flame retardant, a nitrogen flame retardant, a metal flame retardant and an antimony flame retardant It may be at least one selected.
- the flame retardant filler is selected from the group consisting of a halogen-free flame retardant, a phosphorus flame retardant, a nitrogen flame retardant, a metal flame retardant and an antimony flame retardant It may be at least one selected.
- the second adhesive layer may be any one of epoxy, polyimide, polyamideimide, polyamic acid, polyphenylene oxide (PPO), and acrylic adhesive.
- the flexible composite substrate may further include a terminal portion in which a metal conductor is exposed to at least a part of the composite substrate.
- the present invention also provides a method of manufacturing the above-described flexible composite substrate by a roll-to-roll process.
- a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device comprising the steps of: (i) moving a second insulating film, on which a second adhesive layer and a metal conductor are sequentially disposed, Inserting a first insulating film disposed on the second insulating film in a transfer path; (ii) forming a terminal portion and an alignment portion by vertically punching at least a part of the first insulation film inserted along the transfer path; (iii) bonding the first insulating film and the second insulating film through heating and pressing while moving the first insulating film and the second insulating film along a transfer path, exposing the metal conductor to the terminal portion; And (iv) cutting the rolled flexible composite substrate on which the terminal portion is formed, into a unit composite substrate.
- the first insulating film and the second insulating film may each be in the form of a roll continuous in the longitudinal direction of the film.
- the first insulating film and the second insulating film are supplied to the upper roll and the lower roll, respectively, 1 insulating film may be disposed on the lower roll, and a second insulating film may be disposed on the lower roll so that the metal conductor faces the upper roll, and then transferred.
- the terminal portion in the step (ii), may be formed at the center of the first insulating film, and the alignment portion may be formed at an edge of the first insulating film.
- the alignment portion includes at least one alignment hole, and the at least one alignment hole is formed by aligning marks And aligning at least one of the first, second, third,
- the manufacturing method may further include a step of, before the step (i), any one of the steps (i) and (ii), and the step (ii) And a step of forming circuit patterns of the arranged conductors into a predetermined shape.
- the flexible composite substrate according to the present invention can vary the pattern and size of metal conductors conventionally wired in a straight line, it is possible to increase the degree of freedom in circuit design and realize a fine line width of about 1/10 of the conventional flexible flat cable .
- the reliability of the product can be increased by providing a flexible composite substrate having excellent mechanical and electrical properties under high temperature / high humidity environmental conditions and having excellent heat resistance characteristics such as heat shrinkability and denaturation.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a flexible composite substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a flexible composite substrate according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a manufacturing method of the flexible composite substrate of FIG.
- planar it means that the object portion is viewed from above, and when it is called” sectional image, “this means that the object portion is viewed from the side.
- the present invention provides a flexible composite substrate which is high in design freedom and can maintain high mechanical properties, excellent heat resistance characteristics and electrical characteristics under severe conditions such as high temperature and high humidity.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of a flexible composite substrate 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a flexible composite substrate 100 includes a first insulation film 10 and a second insulation film 50 facing the first insulation film 10 And a first adhesive layer 20, a metal conductor 30, and a second adhesive layer 40 are sequentially interposed therebetween.
- the flexible composite substrate 100 includes a first insulation film 10 on which a first adhesive layer 20 is disposed; And a second insulating film (50) in which a second adhesive layer (40) and a metal conductor (30) patterned in a predetermined shape are sequentially arranged on one surface of the first insulating film (10)
- the adhesive layer 20 and the surface on which the metal conductor 30 of the second insulating film 50 is disposed may be joined together and integrally joined.
- the flexible composite substrate 100 may be manufactured through a roll-to-roll continuous process.
- the first insulating film and the second insulating film may be integrated with each other through a roll-to-roll method so that the first insulating film and the second insulating film are continuous in the longitudinal direction or may be in the form of a unit complex substrate cut from the roll form.
- the first insulation film 10 serves as a support for forming the first adhesive layer 20 described later, and is joined to the second insulation film 50, (30).
- the first insulating film 10 may have a single-layer structure composed of one insulating film or a multilayer structure in which two or more different insulating films are laminated.
- the first insulating film 10 may be a conventional flexible flat cable (FFC) known in the art, and preferably a flexible flat cable (FFC) having a sectional shape that does not include a plurality of conductor wires have.
- FFC flexible flat cable
- the first insulation film 10 may be in the form of a resin layer containing a polymer resin, or a multilayer insulation film in which a different intermediate layer and a resin layer are laminated.
- the intermediate layer is positioned between the first adhesive layer 20 and the resin layer to be described later,
- the resin layer is located at an outermost position of the first insulation film 10 and allows the metal conductor 30 to be insulated from the outside.
- the first insulating film 10 may be any conventional insulating film substrate known in the art without limitation.
- a conventional polymer known in the art can be used.
- Non-limiting examples of the first insulating film 10 include a polyester film such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, A polyethylene film, a polyvinyl alcohol film, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer film, a polystyrene film, a polyethylene film, a polypropylene film, a cellophane, a diacetylcellulose film, a triacetylcellulose film, an acetylcellulose butyrate film, a polyvinyl chloride film, , A polycarbonate film, a polymethylpentene film, a polysulfone film, a polyetheretherketone film, a polyethersulfone film, a polyetherimide film, a polyimide film, a poly
- the first insulating film 10 may include at least one of polyimide (PI), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyetheretherketone (PEEK) A polyester sulfone, an aromatic polyamide, a polycarbonate, and a polyarylate.
- the first insulating film 10 may be either transparent or semitransparent, and may be colored or non-colored, and may be appropriately selected depending on the application.
- the thickness of the first insulating film 10 is not particularly limited.
- the thickness of the first insulating film 10 may range from 10 to 100 mu m, preferably from 15 to 80 mu m, and more preferably from 25 to 50 mu m.
- the first insulating film 10 may have a first adhesive layer 20 formed on one surface thereof.
- the first adhesive layer 20 serves to stably bond the first insulating film 10 and the second insulating film 50, specifically the first insulating film 10 and the metal conductor 30, do.
- the first adhesive layer 20 may include a polymer resin.
- the polymer resin usable herein include a polyester resin, a polyimide resin, a polyethylene resin, a polyurethane resin, and a polyphenylene sulfide resin May be used.
- it may comprise a polyester resin.
- polyester resin constituting the first adhesive layer 20 it is preferable to use two or more kinds of polyester resins. More preferably, a first polyester resin having a molecular weight of 1,000 to 15,000, a second polyester resin having a molecular weight of 20,000 to 35,000, or a mixture thereof may be used, more preferably two or more of the first polyester resins, 2 A second polyester resin or a mixture of at least one first polyester resin and at least one second polyester resin may be used. Most preferably, a mixture of at least one first polyester resin and at least one second polyester resin may be used.
- polyester resins usable in the present invention are not limited to those described above, but may be selectively used depending on the characteristics of the product to be implemented.
- the first adhesive layer 20 is different from the second adhesive layer 40, which will be described later, using a cross-linked adhesive containing a crosslinkable curing agent.
- the first adhesive layer 20 of the present invention may comprise one or more curing agents known in the art.
- the kind of the curing agent which can be used may be a compound containing at least one functional group of an isocyanate group, a block isocyanate group, an epoxy group and a carbodiimide group. More specifically, the present invention relates to a process for producing a polyisocyanate compound, which comprises reacting 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane-4,4'-diisocyanate, xylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, polyethylene phenyldiisocyanate and hexamethylene A polyisocyanate, a polyisocyanate, a polyisocyanate, a polyisocyanate, a polyisocyanate, a polyisocyanate, a polyisocyanate, a polyisocyanate, a polyisocyanate, a polyisocyanate, a polyisocyanate, and a polyiso
- the curing agent is used in an amount of 6 to 60 parts by weight, preferably 6 to 26 parts by weight, more preferably 8 to 22 parts by weight, based on 50 parts by weight of the polymer resin contained in the first adhesive layer 20 By weight, more preferably 8 to 18 parts by weight.
- the mechanical properties such as tensile strength, elongation, flexibility and heat shrinkage and heat resistance can be further improved.
- the content of the polymer resin is 100 parts by weight, the content of the curing agent may be doubled.
- At least 6 parts by weight of a curing agent is used in an amount of at least 6 parts by weight based on 50 parts by weight of the polymer resin (for example, polyester resin) contained in the first adhesive layer 20,
- the crosslinking agent (Cross-Linking) between the polyesters is sufficient so that excellent mechanical properties can be exhibited even under severe conditions.
- the curing agent is used in an amount of more than 26 parts by weight, the first adhesive layer 20 becomes hard, resulting in poor flexibility and flexibility, and a low elongation.
- one or more kinds of flame retardant fillers may be further added to impart the flame retardancy to the first adhesive layer 20.
- the type of the flame retardant filler is not particularly limited. However, due to the addition of the flame retardant filler, the flexible composite substrate 100 according to the present invention is imparted with flame retardancy that passes the UL standard vertical burning test (e.g., VW-1 test) .
- the UL standard vertical burning test e.g., VW-1 test
- the flame retardant filler at least one selected from the group consisting of a halogen flame retardant, a phosphorus flame retardant, a nitrogen flame retardant, a metal flame retardant and an antimony flame retardant may be used, and preferably at least one kind And more preferably 3 kinds or more and 5 kinds or less of compounds may be mixed and used.
- Non-limiting examples of usable flame retardants include chlorinated flame retardants such as chlorinated paraffin, chlorinated polyethylene, chlorinated polyphenyl, perchloropentacyclodecane and the like; Ethylene bispentabromobenzene, ethylene bispentabromodiphenyl, tetrabromoethane, tetrabromobisphenol A, hexabromobenzene, decabromobiphenyl ether, tetrabromophthalic anhydride, polydibromophenylene oxide, Brominated flame retardants such as hexabromocyclodecane and ammonium bromide; Alkyl phosphates, alkyl phosphates, dimethyl phosphonates, phosphonates, halogenated phosphonate esters, trimethyl phosphates, tributyl phosphates, trioctyl phosphates, tributoxyethyl phosphates,
- the content of the flame retardant filler in the present invention is not particularly limited.
- the content of the flame retardant filler is 5 parts by weight or more, preferably 10 parts by weight or more, and more preferably 10 parts by weight or more, based on 50 parts by weight of the polymer resin contained in the first adhesive layer 20. [ 15 parts by weight or more.
- the upper limit thereof is 75 parts by weight, preferably 65 parts by weight, more preferably 60 parts by weight have.
- the effect of improving the flame retardancy may not be sufficiently improved as compared with the increase in the addition amount, which may be economically problematic and the flexibility may be lowered and the elongation percentage may be lowered due to the increase of the filler content.
- the first adhesive layer 20 may be provided with a flame retarding additive, a pigment, an antioxidant, a masking agent, a lubricant, a processing agent, an antioxidant, A stabilizer, a plasticizer, a foaming agent reinforcing agent, a colorant, a filler, a granule, a metal deactivator, a silane coupling agent, and the like.
- the thickness of the first adhesive layer 20 is not particularly limited, and may range, for example, from 3 to 100 mu m, preferably from 5 to 80 mu m, and more preferably from 6 to 50 mu m.
- the first adhesive layer 20 covers the metal conductor 30 disposed between the second adhesive layer 40 and the second adhesive layer 40, It plays a role.
- the metal conductor 30 is provided on the second adhesive layer 40 formed on one surface of the second insulating film 50 and patterned into a plurality of flat plates having a predetermined width and thickness.
- the metal conductor 30 is covered with a first adhesive layer 20 and a second adhesive layer 40 disposed on both sides.
- the kind of the metal conductor 30 is not particularly limited, and an electrically conductive conductive material known in the art can be used.
- a conductive metal such as copper, tin-plated copper, or nickel-plated copper, or an alloy thereof.
- the conductor is preferably a thin conductive metal, more preferably a flat copper foil.
- the thickness and shape of the metal conductor 30 are not particularly limited, and any conventional conductor known in the art can be used without limitation.
- the thickness of the metal conductor 30 may range from 6 to 35 mu m.
- the metal conductor 30 may have a structure in which a plurality of metal conductor lines are continuously arranged in a linear pattern or a predetermined circuit pattern along one direction of the flexible composite substrate 100.
- the circuit pattern may be formed through a wet or dry etching process known in the art, and its form is not particularly limited.
- the direction in which the metal conductors are arranged is not particularly limited and may be arranged along the longitudinal direction of the flexible composite substrate 100 or may be arranged in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the flexible composite substrate 100.
- the size or thickness of the pattern that the metal conductors 30 are repeatedly arranged is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, 5 to 50 ⁇ T, and preferably 6 to 35 ⁇ T.
- the second adhesive layer 40 which is an object on which the metal conductor 30 is disposed, is formed to have a predetermined thickness on one surface of the second insulating film 50.
- the second adhesive layer 40 may be a conventional adhesive or a pressure sensitive adhesive known in the art, and may specifically be a thermosetting adhesive.
- the second adhesive layer 40 may be any one of an epoxy type, a polyimide type, a polyamideimide type, a polyamic acid type, a polyphenylene oxide (PPO) type, and an acrylic type adhesive.
- the thickness of the second adhesive layer 40 is not particularly limited, and may range, for example, from 5 to 50 mu m, and preferably from 6 to 35 mu m.
- the second insulation film 50 is bonded to the first insulation film 10 to protect the metal conductor 30.
- the second insulation film 20 serves as a support for sequentially arranging the second adhesive layer 40 and the metal conductor 30 on one surface thereof.
- the second insulating film 50 may have a single-layer structure composed of one insulating film or a multi-layer structure in which two or more different insulating films are laminated.
- the second insulating film 50 on which the second adhesive layer 40 and the metal conductor 30 patterned in a predetermined shape are sequentially arranged on one side, can be formed on a flexible printed circuit board a printed circuit board (FPCB) may be used, and it may preferably be a cross-sectional flexible printed circuit board.
- the copper foil layer may be patterned by using a flexible copper clad laminate (FCCL) having a second adhesive layer and a copper foil layer sequentially disposed on one surface thereof.
- FCCL flexible copper clad laminate
- the flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) and the flexible copper-clad laminate (FCCL) are not particularly limited, and any of those known in the art may be used without limitation.
- the second insulating film 50 a conventional polymer known in the art can be used, and a polyimide (PI) film is preferably used.
- PI polyimide
- other polymeric film substrates other than polyimide films such as those selected from the group consisting of polyester, polyphenylene sulfide, polyester sulfone, polyetheretherketone, aromatic polyamide, polycarbonate, polyarylate, and polyamic acid It is also within the scope of the present invention to use one or more species.
- the thickness of the second insulating film 50 is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, in the range of 3 to 100 mu m, preferably in the range of 5 to 80 mu m, and more preferably in the range of 6 to 50 mu m.
- the flexible composite substrate 100 of the present invention configured as described above may further include a terminal portion (not shown) in which the metal conductor 30 is exposed on at least a part of the composite substrate.
- the terminal portion may be located at one side or the center of the flexible composite substrate 100.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a cross section of a flexible composite substrate 101 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the same reference numerals as those in Fig. 1 denote the same members.
- the flexible composite substrate 101 according to the present embodiment is different from that of FIG. 1 in that the non-contact surface does not contact the other surface of the second insulating film 50, And a reinforcing base material 60 disposed thereon.
- the reinforcing base material 60 can be used to achieve a thickness reinforcing effect in a manufacturing process of a flexible composite substrate to be described later.
- the reinforcing base material 60 can be used without any limitation of reinforcing films or reinforcing plates known in the art. Further, if necessary, a release type polymer film (for example, a release type PET film) may be used.
- the thickness of the reinforcing base material 60 is not particularly limited. For example, the thickness of the reinforcing base material 60 may range from 12 to 300 mu m, preferably from 25 to 100 mu m.
- the flexible composite substrates 100 and 101 of the present invention may have a total thickness of 30 to 500 mu m. However, it is not limited thereto, and it may have various thicknesses depending on the applied product.
- the present invention by controlling the mixing of the first adhesive layer (20) adhering closely to the metal conductor (30) and optimizing the binder polymer component used, the mechanical properties, thermal characteristics and electrical characteristics are excellent under high temperature /
- the present invention can provide a flexible composite substrate.
- the soft composite substrates 100 and 101 are formed so as to have a ratio (TH (t)) of a tensile stress (TR) at room temperature to a tensile stress (TH) after being maintained at a temperature of 85 ° C and a humidity of 85% / TR) is 0.9 to 1.0, more preferably 0.93 to 1.0.
- the soft composite substrates 100 and 101 exhibit a contact resistance ( ⁇ PCT ) value of 10 m ⁇ or less after being held at a temperature of 121 ° C., a humidity of 100% and a pressure of 2 atm for 48 hours, Electrical properties and mechanical properties that are almost the same as or similar to the room temperature conditions can be maintained even under severe conditions of the state.
- ⁇ PCT contact resistance
- the soft composite substrates 100 and 101 have a peel strength (Peel Strength) of the composite substrate against the second insulation film, for example, a polyimide film after being maintained at 121 ° C, 100% ) Value of 1.00 to 5.00 kgf / cm, preferably 1.00 to 3.00 kgf / cm.
- Such a flexible composite substrate can be applied to all applications to which a conventional flexible printed circuit board is applied.
- flexibility, thin thickness, and ultrafine pattern can be realized and design freedom is high, it can be mounted inside the mobile terminal.
- the present invention also provides a method for producing a flexible composite substrate having the above-mentioned high heat resistance, mechanical properties and excellent electrical properties.
- the flexible composite substrate may be manufactured by a conventional method known in the art, for example, a roll-to-roll process.
- a second insulating film on which a second adhesive layer and a metal conductor patterned in a predetermined shape are sequentially disposed on one surface, and a first insulating film on which a first adhesive layer is disposed on one surface are arranged so as to face each other , It is possible to integrate by applying continuous roll lamination through heating and pressurization.
- Step S10 a second insulating film, on which a second adhesive layer and a metal conductor are sequentially disposed, is moved by a transfer path and a first adhesive layer is disposed on one surface of the second insulating film, (Step S10) of injecting the first insulating film into the transport path from above the second insulating film; (ii) forming a terminal portion and an alignment portion by vertically punching at least a part of the first insulation film inserted along the transfer path (Step S20); (iii) exposing the metal conductor to the terminal portion while heating and pressing the first insulating film and the second insulating film while moving along the transfer path (Step S30); And (iv) cutting the rolled flexible composite substrate on which the terminal portion is formed into a unit composite substrate (step S40).
- the method further comprises the step of circuitatizing the conductor disposed on one surface of the second insulating film into a predetermined shape, wherein the circuit patterning step is performed before the step (i) the step (ii), or the step (ii).
- step S20 since the microvibration is generated in the equipment during punching in step S20, accuracy of alignment between the first insulating film and the second insulating film may be lowered due to such microvibration.
- steps S10 (i) and S30 (iii) are successively carried out using a first insulating film in which the terminal portions and the alignment portions have already been formed by punching in an equipment other than the integrated equipment are within the scope of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating a manufacturing process of a flexible composite substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- each process step will be described as follows.
- the first insulating film and the second insulating film are prepared. Then, the second insulating film is moved along the conveying path according to the roll-to-roll process, and the first insulating film is inserted into the conveying path from above the second insulating film (Step S10).
- the first insulating film has a first adhesive layer formed on one surface thereof with a predetermined thickness.
- the second insulating film has a second adhesive layer and a metal conductor sequentially disposed on one surface thereof. Since the roll-to-roll process is used in the present invention, the first insulating film and the second insulating film are each in the form of rolls continuous in the longitudinal direction. However, when the above-described process is not used, a sheet-to-sheet laminate, a roll-to-sheet laminate, or the like may be used.
- the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer may be formed by coating and curing, respectively, by a coating method common in the art.
- the coating method include dip coating, air knife coating, curtain coating, wire bar coating, gravure coating, comma coating, slot coating, extrusion coating, spin coating, slit scanning, .
- the drying process may be suitably carried out under ordinary conditions known in the art. For example, the drying can be carried out at 100 to 200 ° C.
- a first insulating film and a second insulating film are supplied to the upper roll and the lower roll, respectively, the first insulating film is disposed on the upper roll so that the first adhesive layer faces the lower roll, It is preferable to arrange the second insulating film so that the metal conductor faces the upper roll on the lower roll, and then transfer the second insulating film.
- the metal conductor disposed on the upper surface of the second insulating film may be patterned into a predetermined shape.
- the circuit patterning process of the conductor is not particularly limited, and a patterning method known in the art can be carried out. For example, a printing method, a photoresist method, a wet or dry etching method, or the like can be used.
- the circuit patterning process may be performed before step S10, between steps S10 and S20, or during step S20, and is not particularly limited.
- the second insulating film may be provided with an aligning portion of the first insulating film, that is, an aligning hole or an aligning pin for matching with the aligning hole in a plane.
- step S20 At least a part of the first insulating film moving along the transfer path is punched upward and downward by using a punching unit (not shown) to form a terminal portion and an alignment portion.
- the terminal portion and the alignment portion may each be formed to penetrate vertically along the thickness direction of the first insulating film, and the size, shape, number, and the like are not particularly limited.
- the terminal portion may be formed at the center of the first insulating film, and the alignment portion may be formed at the edge of the first insulating film.
- the alignment portion of the first insulation film includes at least one alignment hole, and the at least one alignment hole aligns in a plane with the alignment pin, the alignment mark, or the alignment hole provided in the second insulation film Step < / RTI >
- thermocompression lamination process step S30.
- the first insulating film and the second insulating film are attached to each other by the first adhesive layer applied to one surface of the first insulating film.
- the first adhesive layer of the first insulating film, the second adhesive layer disposed on the second insulating film, and the metal conductor patterned in a predetermined shape are laminated while facing each other, So that the metal conductors disposed on the terminal portions are exposed to the outside through the terminal portions.
- thermocompression bonding process by the heating and pressing can be appropriately controlled within the conventional range known in the art.
- thermocompression Lami The process (roll to roll) conditions can be performed at a temperature of 50 to 250 ° C, a pressure of 3 to 200 kgf / cm 2 , and a compression rate of 0.1 m / min to 20 m / min. However, it is not particularly limited.
- thermocompression bonding process in step S30 may be performed in the following three steps.
- a low temperature for example, 50 to 120 ° C
- the present invention is not particularly limited to the above-described processes, and the steps of each process may be omitted or optionally modified as necessary.
- the step (b) may be omitted if necessary.
- the step of aligning can be carried out in the following two embodiments, but is not particularly limited thereto.
- the first embodiment can be applied when an alignment hole is formed in both the first insulating film and the second insulating film.
- the second insulating film processed with the alignment holes is transferred by the teeth of the guide roller, and the alignment holes processed in the first insulation film are transferred to the teeth of the guide roller of the second insulation film, This is a method of matching the position of the film.
- the second embodiment is a method of aligning the alignment marks with the alignment marks.
- the alignment holes of the first insulation film are placed on the alignment marks of the second insulation film, and the alignment marks of the second insulation film are seen through the alignment holes of the first insulation film, To be coincident with each other.
- various alignment processes known in the art may be performed.
- the step of completely cutting the flexible composite substrate as described above into a unit composite substrate can be performed by a conventional process known in the art.
- a film cutting machine, a roll film cutting machine, or a laser cutting machine can be used.
- the terminal portions are formed on the first insulating film, and then the conductor disposed on the upper surface of the second insulating film is patterned sequentially.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and it is also within the scope of the present invention that the order of the terminal portion forming step of the first insulating film and the patterning step of the conductor of the second insulating film are appropriately modified as necessary.
- a composition for a first adhesive layer was coated in a coating amount of 100 g / m 2 by a slot die coating method and dried to form a first adhesive layer having a thickness of 20 ⁇ , 1 < / RTI >
- a dry film was attached to the second insulating film through a separate R2R processing facility on the cross-sectional FCCL, exposed in a desired pattern, and then etched to form a circuit pattern.
- the first insulating film was unwound and transferred to a roll, and punching was carried out at regular intervals and patterns using a rotary mold puncher. At this time, the terminal portion was punched at the central portion of the first insulating film, and an alignment hole was punched at the edge of the first insulating film. After the punching is completed, the alignment hole of the first insulating film is placed on the alignment mark of the second insulation film, and it is confirmed through the vision microscope that the center of the hole matches the center of the mark. , And then passed through a high-temperature and high-pressure thermocompression roll at 100 ° C, followed by 200 ° C.
- Each of the flexible composite substrates of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 was prepared through the above-described method.
- the first insulating films prepared in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were maintained under a normal temperature condition (TR) and a temperature (TH) of 85 DEG C and 85% humidity for 1000 hours, The tensile stress was evaluated by a tensile tester and the results are shown in Table 2 below.
- the curing agent content is based on 50 parts by weight of polyester.
- Example 1 Hardener content Room temperature tensile stress (TR) High temperature and high humidity tensile stress (TH) Hardener content and tensile stress ratio (TH / TR)
- Example 1 8 134 128 0.96
- Example 2 10 138 131 0.95
- Example 3 14 139 129 0.93
- Example 4 18 135 125 0.93
- Example 5 22 131 118 0.90
- Example 6 26 130 117 0.90 Comparative Example 1 One 115 88 0.77 Comparative Example 2 3 119 94 0.79 Comparative Example 3 5 128 108 0.84 Comparative Example 4 - 112 75 0.67 Comparative Example 5 14 89 72 0.81
- the first insulating films of Examples 1 to 6 according to the present invention have excellent TH / TR characteristics in a severe condition compared to a room temperature condition in a range of 0.90 to 0.96.
- the mechanical properties under severe conditions were much lower than those at room temperature.
- the elongation percentage (EH) of the first insulating film produced in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 after maintaining the elongation (ER) at normal temperature and the temperature at 85 ° C and the humidity at 85% for 1000 hours was evaluated, are shown in Table 3 below.
- the curing agent content is based on 50 parts by weight of polyester.
- Example 1 Hardener content Room Temperature Elongation (ER) High temperature and high humidity elongation (EH)
- Example 1 8 120 92
- Example 2 10 123 97
- Example 3 14 125
- Example 4 18
- 121 105
- Example 5 22
- Example 6 26
- Comparative Example 1 One 104 77 Comparative Example 2 3 109 78 Comparative Example 3 5 117 82 Comparative Example 4 - 98 75 Comparative Example 5 14 85 75
- the insulating films of Examples 1 to 6 according to the present invention had a high elongation (EH) of 85 to 105% after holding at a temperature of 85 ° C and a humidity of 85% for 1000 hours have.
- EH elongation
- Comparative Examples 1 to 5 exhibit an elongation (EH) of 75 to 82% at a severe condition after being maintained at a temperature of 85 ° C and a humidity of 85% for 1000 hours.
- the flexible composite substrate prepared in Example 2 and Comparative Example 4 was used as follows.
- Example 2 and Comparative Example 4 were measured for their contact resistance, peel strength (P / S) and Reflow characteristics, and their appearance was evaluated. The results are shown in the following table Respectively.
- the flexible composite substrate according to the present invention maintains a contact resistance of 10 m? Or less which is significantly lower than that of the conventional hot melt type comparative example 4 even under severe conditions, and has excellent peel strength and appearance characteristics. While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but, on the contrary, It will be obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art.
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- Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
Abstract
Description
구분 | 조성 (중량부) | |||
제1폴리에스터(분자량 1,000~15,000) | 제2폴리에스터(분자량 20,000~35,000) | 경화제 | 난연제 필러 | |
실시예1 | 25 | 25 | 8 | 50 |
실시예2 | 25 | 25 | 10 | 50 |
실시예3 | 25 | 25 | 14 | 50 |
실시예4 | 25 | 25 | 18 | 50 |
실시예5 | 25 | 25 | 22 | 50 |
실시예6 | 25 | 25 | 26 | 50 |
비교예1 | 25 | 25 | 1 | 50 |
비교예2 | 25 | 25 | 3 | 50 |
비교예3 | 25 | 25 | 5 | 50 |
비교예4 | 25 | 25 | - | 50 |
비교예5 | 50 | - | 14 | 50 |
비교예6 | - | 50 | 14 | 50 |
경화제 함량 | 상온 인장응력(TR) | 고온고습인장응력(TH) | 경화제 함량과 인장응력 비율(TH/TR) | |
실시예1 | 8 | 134 | 128 | 0.96 |
실시예2 | 10 | 138 | 131 | 0.95 |
실시예3 | 14 | 139 | 129 | 0.93 |
실시예4 | 18 | 135 | 125 | 0.93 |
실시예5 | 22 | 131 | 118 | 0.90 |
실시예6 | 26 | 130 | 117 | 0.90 |
비교예1 | 1 | 115 | 88 | 0.77 |
비교예2 | 3 | 119 | 94 | 0.79 |
비교예3 | 5 | 128 | 108 | 0.84 |
비교예4 | - | 112 | 75 | 0.67 |
비교예5 | 14 | 89 | 72 | 0.81 |
경화제 함량 | 상온 신장율(ER) | 고온고습 신장율(EH) | |
실시예1 | 8 | 120 | 92 |
실시예2 | 10 | 123 | 97 |
실시예3 | 14 | 125 | 103 |
실시예4 | 18 | 121 | 105 |
실시예5 | 22 | 104 | 89 |
실시예6 | 26 | 109 | 85 |
비교예1 | 1 | 104 | 77 |
비교예2 | 3 | 109 | 78 |
비교예3 | 5 | 117 | 82 |
비교예4 | - | 98 | 75 |
비교예5 | 14 | 85 | 75 |
테스트 시간 (hr) | 0h | 24h | 48h | 72h | |
접촉 저항(mΩ) | 비교예 4 | 6.3 | 81,300 | 1,195,000 | - |
실시예 2 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 4.1 | 6.2 | |
박리 강도(Peel Strength)(kgf/cm) | 비교예 4 | 1.426 | 0.344 | 0.073 | - |
실시예 2 | 1.431 | 1.409 | 1.386 | 1.125 | |
외관 검사 | 비교예 4 | OK | Dela. | Dela. | - |
실시예 2 | OK | OK | OK | OK |
Claims (20)
- 일면에 제1접착제층이 배치된 제1절연필름; 및일면에 제2접착제층과 소정의 형상으로 패턴화된 금속 도체가 배치된 제2절연필름을 포함하고, 상기 제1절연필름의 제1접착제층과, 상기 제2절연필름의 금속 도체가 배치된 면이 일체로 합지된 연성 복합기판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1절연필름과 제2절연필름이 롤투롤(roll-to-roll) 방식을 통해 일체화되는 연성 복합기판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 연성 복합기판은,제2절연필름;상기 제2절연필름 상에 형성된 제2접착제층;상기 제2접착제층 상에 배치되고, 소정의 형상으로 패턴화된 금속 도체;상기 제2접착제층 상에 형성되고, 상기 금속 도체를 둘러싸는 제1접착제층; 및상기 제1접착제층 상에 배치된 제1절연필름을 포함하는, 연성 복합기판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 도체는 당해 복합기판의 일 방향에 따라 복수 개의 금속 도체 라인이 직선형 패턴 또는 소정 형상의 회로패턴이 연속적으로 배열되는 연성 복합기판.
- 제4항에 있어서,상기 회로패턴은 습식 또는 건식 식각 공정을 통해 형성되는 연성 복합기판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제2절연필름은 폴리이미드 필름인 연성 복합기판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1절연필름은, 수지층 또는 중간층과 수지층을 포함하는 절연필름인 연성 복합기판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1접착제층과 제2접착제층은 서로 상이하며,상기 제1접착제층은 가교형 접착제이며,상기 제2접착제층은 열경화형 접착제인 연성 복합기판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1접착제층은 2종 이상의 폴리에스터 수지를 포함하고,상기 폴리에스터 수지는 분자량이 1,000 내지 15,000인 제1폴리에스터 수지와 분자량이 20,000 내지 35,000인 제2폴리에스터 수지를 포함하는 연성 복합기판 모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1접착제층은 적어도 1종 이상의 경화제를 포함하고,상기 경화제는 이소시아네이트기, 블록이소시아네이트기, 에폭시기, 및 카르보디이미드기 중 적어도 하나의 작용기를 포함하는 화합물인 연성 복합기판 모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제1접착제층은 1종 이상의 난연제 필러를 더 포함하고,상기 난연제 필러는 할로겐 난연계, 인계 난연제, 질소계 난연제, 금속계 난연제 및 안티몬계 난연제로 이루어진 군에서 선택된 1종 이상인 연성 복합기판 모듈.
- 제8항에 있어서,상기 제2접착제층은 에폭시계, 폴리이미드계, 폴리아마이드이미드계, 폴리아믹에시드계, 폴리페닐렌 옥사이드(PPO)계, 및 아크릴계 접착제 중 어느 하나인 연성 복합기판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 제2절연필름의 타면에 배치되는 보강 기재를 더 포함하는 연성 복합기판.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 연성 복합기판은 당해 복합기판의 적어도 일부에 금속 도체가 노출된 단자부를 더 포함하는 연성 복합기판.
- 롤투롤 공정에 의해 연성 복합기판을 제조하는 방법에 있어서,(i) 일면에 제2접착제층과 금속 도체가 배치된 제2절연필름을 이송경로로 이동시킴과 동시에, 일면에 제1접착제층이 배치된 제1절연필름을 상기 제2절연필름의 상부에서 이송경로로 투입하는 단계;(ii) 상기 이송경로를 따라 투입되는 제1절연필름의 적어도 일부를 상하로 펀칭하여 단자부와 얼라인부를 형성하는 단계;(iii) 상기 제1절연필름과 제2절연필름을 이송경로를 따라 이동시키면서 가열 및 가압을 통해 합지하되, 상기 단자부로 금속 도체가 노출되도록 하는 단계; 및(iv) 상기 단자부가 형성된 롤형의 연성 복합기판을 단위 복합기판으로 절단하는 단계를 포함하는, 제1항에 기재된 연성 복합기판의 제조방법.
- 제15항에 있어서,상기 단계 (i) 내지 (iii)에서, 제1절연필름과 제2절연필름은 각각 길이방향으로 연속하는 롤(roll) 형태인 연성 복합기판의 제조방법.
- 제15항에 있어서,상기 단계 (i)는 상부롤과 하부롤에 각각 제1절연필름과 제2절연필름을 공급하되,상기 상부롤에 제1접착제층이 하부롤을 향하도록 제1절연필름을 배치하고, 상기 하부롤에 금속 도체가 상부롤을 향하도록 제2절연필름을 배치한 후 이송하는 것인 연성 복합기판의 제조방법.
- 제15항에 있어서,상기 단계 (ii)에서, 상기 단자부는 제1절연필름의 중앙에 형성되고, 상기 얼라인부는 제1절연필름의 가장자리에 형성되는 연성 복합기판의 제조방법.
- 제18항에 있어서,상기 단계 (ii)에서, 상기 얼라인부는 적어도 하나의 얼라인홀을 포함하고,상기 적어도 하나의 얼라인홀은 상기 제2절연필름에 마련된 얼라인마크, 얼라인핀 및 얼라인홀 중 적어도 하나와 평면 상에서 정합되는 단계를 포함하는 연성 복합기판의 제조방법.
- 제15항에 있어서,상기 (i) 단계 이전, 상기 (i)과 (ii) 단계 사이, 및 상기 (ii) 단계 중 어느 하나에, 제2절연필름의 일면에 배치된 도체를 소정의 형상으로 회로 패턴화하는 단계를 더 포함하는 연성 복합기판의 제조방법.
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KR20070019590A (ko) * | 2005-08-11 | 2007-02-15 | 닛토덴코 가부시키가이샤 | 배선 회로 기판 |
KR200420975Y1 (ko) * | 2006-04-25 | 2006-07-07 | 김창수 | Fpcb용 커버레이 가접 장치 |
JP2008088302A (ja) * | 2006-10-02 | 2008-04-17 | Shin Etsu Chem Co Ltd | 難燃性接着剤組成物、ならびにそれを用いた接着剤シート、カバーレイフィルムおよびフレキシブル銅張積層板 |
KR20150115197A (ko) * | 2014-04-03 | 2015-10-14 | (주)에이치제이 | 연성 평면 케이블 |
KR20160000621A (ko) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-01-05 | 한성전자 주식회사 | 인쇄법을 이용한 ffc 케이블 제조장치 및 그 제조방법 |
KR101654020B1 (ko) * | 2015-11-12 | 2016-09-05 | 일신전자 주식회사 | 미세 정렬을 위한 다층 연성회로기판의 제조방법 |
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2017
- 2017-12-22 KR KR1020170177852A patent/KR102088558B1/ko active IP Right Grant
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2018
- 2018-12-21 WO PCT/KR2018/016461 patent/WO2019125047A2/ko active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR102088558B1 (ko) | 2020-03-12 |
WO2019125047A3 (ko) | 2019-08-15 |
KR20190076231A (ko) | 2019-07-02 |
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