WO2019124449A1 - 視機能検査および光学特性算出システム - Google Patents
視機能検査および光学特性算出システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019124449A1 WO2019124449A1 PCT/JP2018/046826 JP2018046826W WO2019124449A1 WO 2019124449 A1 WO2019124449 A1 WO 2019124449A1 JP 2018046826 W JP2018046826 W JP 2018046826W WO 2019124449 A1 WO2019124449 A1 WO 2019124449A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/02—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient
- A61B3/028—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing visual acuity; for determination of refraction, e.g. phoropters
- A61B3/032—Devices for presenting test symbols or characters, e.g. test chart projectors
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
- A61B3/02—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient
- A61B3/06—Subjective types, i.e. testing apparatus requiring the active assistance of the patient for testing light sensitivity, e.g. adaptation; for testing colour vision
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a visual function inspection system, an optical characteristic calculation system, a method of selecting an optical member, a method of manufacturing an optical member, a method of manufacturing a display member, a method of manufacturing an illumination device, a visual function inspection device, an optical characteristic calculation device, a visual function
- the present invention relates to an inspection method, a method of calculating an optical characteristic, a program, and a computer readable recording medium.
- Optical members such as a spectacle lens
- optical characteristics such as X value, Y value, and Z value, which are tristimulus values of spectral transmittance and color.
- means for calculating optical properties suited to the visual function of each individual based on objective quantitative evaluation and means for selecting an optical member having the optical properties have not yet been developed.
- Non-Patent Document 1 reports a method of evaluating optical characteristics using a conventional optometer and system. The method requires the subject to try various optical members one by one.
- the test subject When evaluating the optical characteristics using the conventional visual function inspection described above, it is possible to select an optical member having effective optical characteristics under a certain light environment at the time of visual function inspection, but different light environments Below, there is a possibility that the effect can not be obtained. Further, in the method described above, the test subject tries various optical members one by one, and subjectively evaluates the optical characteristics.
- An object of the present invention is to establish an objective quantitative evaluation method of optical characteristics of an optical member based on visual function inspection in consideration of various light environments including inspection time.
- the present invention aims to establish a method that does not require trials of various optical members in the evaluation of optical characteristics.
- Another object of the present invention is to establish a more accurate inspection method by selectively using a target used for inspection according to the purpose of using an optical member.
- One aspect of the visual function inspection system of the present invention is a first shape information indicating a plurality of different shapes of an attention portion included in a visual target and / or a glare portion included in the visual target at a position falling within the visual field of a subject
- Storage means for storing second shape information indicating a plurality of mutually different shapes, and the shape and / or the shape of the attention portion based on the first shape information and / or the second shape information according to the purpose of the visual function test
- the determination means A1 comprising the determination means for determining the shape of the glare portion, or a plurality of light sources, and at least one light source used as a glare portion in the visual function inspection among the plurality of light sources
- the luminance contrast value of the luminance of the portion of interest and the luminance of the background portion, and any one of the determination means A2 comprising the determination means determined according to the purpose of the functional inspection,
- Visual function inspection means for sequentially presenting to the subject targets different in at least one of
- a luminance contrast value of the luminance of the target portion and the luminance of the background portion instead of the visual function inspection means, a luminance contrast value of the luminance of the target portion and the luminance of the background portion, an average luminance value of a target including the target portion and the background portion, and color stimulation of the target
- One aspect of the optical property calculation system of the present invention has calculation means for calculating the optical property of the optical member for correcting the visual function of the subject based on the inspection result by any of the visual function inspection systems described above. .
- One aspect of the method for selecting an optical member according to the present invention selects an optical member based on the optical characteristic calculated by the above-described optical characteristic calculation system.
- One aspect of the method of manufacturing an optical member of the present invention manufactures an optical member based on the optical characteristics calculated by the above-described optical characteristic calculation system.
- One aspect of the method for manufacturing a display member of the present invention includes the step of manufacturing an optical member based on the optical characteristic calculated by the above-described optical characteristic calculation system.
- One aspect of a method of manufacturing a lighting device of the present invention includes the step of manufacturing an optical member based on the optical characteristic calculated by the above-described optical characteristic calculation system.
- One aspect of the visual function inspection device of the present invention is a first shape information indicating a plurality of different shapes of the portion of interest included in the visual target and / or a glare portion included in the visual target at a position falling within the visual field of the subject
- a storage unit storing second shape information indicating a plurality of mutually different shapes, and a shape and / or a shape of the attention portion based on the first shape information and / or the second shape information according to the purpose of the visual function test
- a determination unit B1 configured of a determination unit that determines the shape of the glare portion, or at least one light source used as a glare portion in visual function inspection among a plurality of external light sources and its position for the purpose of visual function inspection
- a visual function test in which at least one of a combination of a last
- One aspect of the optical characteristic calculation device of the present invention includes a calculation unit that calculates an optical characteristic of an optical member for correcting the visual function of the subject based on the inspection result by the visual function inspection device described above.
- One aspect of the visual function inspection method of the present invention is a first shape information indicating a plurality of different shapes of an attention portion included in a visual target and / or a glare portion included in the visual target at a position falling within the visual field of a subject
- a determination step C1 or a plurality of determination steps comprising a determination step of determining the shape of the portion of interest and / or the shape of the glare portion according to the purpose of visual function inspection based on second shape information indicating a plurality of different shapes of Among the light sources, at least one light source used as a glare part in visual function inspection and any one of the determination step C2 including the determination step of determining the position thereof according to the purpose of the visual function inspection
- the combination of the luminance contrast value of luminance and the luminance of the background portion, the luminance average value of the visual target including the target portion and the background portion, and the stimulation value of the color stimulus of the visual target In a coordinate system that indicates the correlation between the brightness contrast value and the brightness average value
- One aspect of the method of calculating an optical property according to the present invention has a calculating step of calculating an optical property of an optical member for correcting the visual function of the subject based on the inspection result by the visual function inspection method described above.
- One aspect of the program of the present invention is different from each other in first shape information indicating different shapes of the portion of interest included in the target and / or different in the glare portion included in the target at a position falling within the visual field of the subject.
- a determination step D1 or a plurality of light sources comprising a determination step of determining the shape of the portion of interest and / or the shape of the glare portion according to the purpose of visual function inspection based on second shape information indicating a plurality of shapes
- At least one light source to be used as a glare part in visual function examination and any one of decision step D2 comprising a decision step of deciding the position according to the purpose of visual function examination and the luminance and background of the noted part
- a combination of the luminance contrast value with the luminance of the part, the luminance average value of the visual target including the target part and the background part, and the stimulation value of the color stimulus of the visual target In a coordinate system showing a correlation between the brightness contrast value and the brightness average value based on a visual function test step in which at least one of the bats sequentially presents a different target to the subject, and a test result by the visual function test step
- the computer executes the analysis step of determining at least two boundaries by determining the boundary between the region in which
- One aspect of the visual function inspection system of the present invention is a first shape information indicating a plurality of different shapes of an attention portion included in a visual target and / or a glare portion included in the visual target at a position falling within the visual field of a subject
- Storage means for storing second shape information indicating a plurality of mutually different shapes, and the shape and / or the shape of the attention portion based on the first shape information and / or the second shape information according to the purpose of the visual function test Stimulating means for determining the shape of the glare portion, the luminance contrast value of the luminance of the target portion and the luminance of the background portion, the luminance average value including the target portion and the background portion, and stimulation of the color stimulus of the visual target
- Visual function inspection means for sequentially presenting to the subject a target different in at least one of a combination with a value, and the luminance contrast value and the brightness based on the inspection result by the visual function inspection means
- a coordinate system showing a correlation with an average value,
- Another aspect of the visual function inspection system of the present invention determines a plurality of light sources, at least one light source used as a glare part in visual function inspection among the plurality of light sources, and the position thereof according to the purpose of visual function inspection.
- Visual function inspection means for sequentially presenting to the subject different visual targets, and the coordinate system showing the correlation between the luminance contrast value and the luminance average value based on the inspection result by the visual function inspection means At least by determining the boundary between the area in which the subject has visibility and the area in which the subject does not have visibility, for each combination of color stimulus values.
- Another aspect of the visual function inspection system of the present invention is the first shape information indicating different shapes of the attention portion included in the visual target and / or the glare portion included in the visual target at a position falling within the visual field of the subject
- Storage means for storing second shape information indicating a plurality of mutually different shapes, and the shape and / or the shape of the attention portion based on the first shape information and / or the second shape information according to the purpose of the visual function test
- the determination means for determining the shape of the glare portion, the luminance contrast value of the luminance of the target portion and the luminance of the background portion, the luminance average value of the target including the target portion and the background portion, and the color of the target Accepting means for receiving a visual function test result obtained by sequentially presenting to the subject a different target at least one of a combination with the stimulus value of the stimulus, and based on the visual function test result
- the coordinate system that indicates the correlation between the luminance contrast value and the luminance average value, the boundary between the region in which
- Another aspect of the visual function inspection system of the present invention determines a plurality of light sources, at least one light source used as a glare part in visual function inspection among the plurality of light sources, and the position thereof according to the purpose of visual function inspection.
- the determination means the brightness contrast value of the brightness of the background portion including the glare portion and the brightness of the target portion, the average brightness value of the target including the target portion and the background portion, and the stimulus value of the color stimulus of the target Means for receiving the result of the visual function test obtained by sequentially presenting to the subject different visual targets at least one of the combinations thereof, and the luminance contrast value and the luminance average value based on the result of the visual function test
- the coordinate system showing the correlation with the value, an area in which the subject has visibility and an area in which the subject does not have visibility for each combination of the color stimulation stimulus values
- One aspect of the optical property calculation system of the present invention has calculation means for calculating the optical property of the optical member for correcting the visual function of the subject based on the inspection result by any of the visual function inspection systems described above. .
- One aspect of the method for selecting an optical member according to the present invention selects an optical member based on the optical characteristic calculated by the above-described optical characteristic calculation system.
- One aspect of the method of manufacturing an optical member of the present invention manufactures an optical member based on the optical characteristics calculated by the above-described optical characteristic calculation system.
- One aspect of the method for manufacturing a display member of the present invention includes the step of manufacturing an optical member based on the optical characteristic calculated by the above-described optical characteristic calculation system.
- One aspect of a method of manufacturing a lighting device of the present invention includes the step of manufacturing an optical member based on the optical characteristic calculated by the above-described optical characteristic calculation system.
- One aspect of the visual function inspection device of the present invention is a first shape information indicating a plurality of different shapes of the portion of interest included in the visual target and / or a glare portion included in the visual target at a position falling within the visual field of the subject
- a storage unit storing second shape information indicating a plurality of mutually different shapes, and a shape and / or a shape of the attention portion based on the first shape information and / or the second shape information according to the purpose of the visual function test
- a determination unit that determines the shape of the glare portion, a presentation unit that presents the target to the subject, a luminance contrast value of the luminance of the target portion and the luminance of the background portion, the target portion, and the background
- An examination unit for executing a visual function test in which at least one of a combination of a luminance average value of a visual target including a part and a stimulus value of a color stimulus of the visual target sequentially presents on the presentation unit; By inspection In the coordinate system showing the correlation between
- Another aspect of the visual function inspection device of the present invention is a determination unit that determines at least one light source used as a glare part in visual function inspection among a plurality of external light sources and its position according to the purpose of visual function inspection.
- a presentation unit for presenting a target to a subject, a brightness contrast value of the brightness of the background portion including the glare portion and the brightness of the target portion, and a brightness average value of the target including the target portion and the background portion
- An examination unit for executing a visual function test in which at least one of a combination with a stimulus of a color stimulus of the visual target is sequentially presented to the presentation unit; and the luminance based on an inspection result by the visual function test In a coordinate system showing a correlation between a contrast value and the average brightness value, an area in which the subject has visibility and an area in which the subject does not have visibility for every combination of the stimulation values of the color stimulation By determining the boundaries, and an analyzing section for obtaining at least two of said boundary.
- One aspect of the optical characteristic calculation device of the present invention has a calculation unit that calculates an optical characteristic of an optical member for correcting the visual function of the subject based on the inspection result by any of the visual function inspection devices described above. .
- One aspect of the visual function inspection method of the present invention is a first shape information indicating a plurality of different shapes of an attention portion included in a visual target and / or a glare portion included in the visual target at a position falling within the visual field of a subject Determining the shape of the portion of interest and / or the shape of the glare portion according to the purpose of the visual function test based on second shape information indicating a plurality of different shapes of each other, the luminance of the portion of interest and the background portion
- the subject is sequentially presented to the subject with a target that differs in at least one of the combination of the luminance contrast value with the luminance of the target, the average luminance value of the target including the target portion and the background portion, and the stimulus value of the color stimulus of the target
- Another aspect of the visual function inspection method of the present invention is a determination step of determining at least one light source used as a glare part in visual function inspection among a plurality of light sources and the position thereof according to the purpose of visual function inspection; At least one of a combination of a brightness contrast value of the brightness of the background portion including the portion and the brightness of the target portion, a brightness average value of the target including the target portion and the background portion, and a color stimulation stimulus value of the target In the coordinate system that indicates the correlation between the brightness contrast value and the brightness average value based on the visual function inspection step of sequentially presenting different visual targets to the subject and the inspection result in the visual function inspection step At least two of the boundaries by determining the boundary between the region in which the subject has visibility and the region in which the subject does not have visibility for each combination of stimulation values. And a analyzing step of obtaining.
- One aspect of the method of calculating an optical property according to the present invention is a calculation step of calculating an optical property of an optical member for correcting the visual function of the subject based on the inspection result by any of the visual function inspection methods described above. Have.
- One aspect of the program of the present invention is different from each other in first shape information indicating different shapes of the portion of interest included in the target and / or different in the glare portion included in the target at a position falling within the visual field of the subject. Determining the shape of the portion of interest and / or the shape of the glare portion according to the purpose of the visual function test based on second shape information indicating a plurality of shapes, the luminance of the portion of interest and the luminance of the background portion; A visual function in which at least one of a combination of a luminance contrast value of a target, an average luminance value of a target including the target portion and the background portion, and a stimulus value of a color stimulus of the target sequentially present targets to the subject In the coordinate system showing the correlation between the luminance contrast value and the luminance average value based on the inspection step and the inspection result by the visual function inspection step, stimulation of the color stimulus is performed. For each combination of, by determining a boundary between regions having no region and the visibility which the subject has visibility to execute
- Another aspect of the program of the present invention includes a determination step of determining at least one light source used as a glare part in visual function test among a plurality of light sources and the position thereof according to the purpose of visual function test, and the glare part At least one of a combination of the luminance contrast value of the luminance of the background portion and the luminance of the target portion, the average luminance value of the target including the target portion and the background portion, and the stimulus value of the color stimulus of the target is different In the coordinate system showing the correlation between the brightness contrast value and the brightness average value based on the visual function test step of sequentially presenting a mark to the subject and the test result by the visual function test step At least two fronts are determined by finding the boundary between the area in which the subject has visibility and the area in which the subject does not have visibility for each combination. To perform an analysis determining the boundaries on the computer.
- One aspect of a computer-readable recording medium of the present invention records the program described above.
- Block diagram showing the configuration of the visual function inspection system of the embodiment The figure explaining the target of the embodiment Another figure explaining the target of the embodiment Flow chart showing operation of visual function inspection system of the embodiment Flowchart showing operation of visual function inspection system of the embodiment (cont.) Another figure explaining the target of the embodiment Another figure explaining the target of the embodiment Another figure explaining the target of the embodiment Another figure explaining the target of the embodiment Another figure explaining the target of the embodiment Another figure explaining the target of the embodiment Another figure explaining the target of the embodiment Another figure explaining the target of the embodiment Another figure explaining the target of the embodiment Another figure explaining the target of the embodiment A diagram for explaining the CA diagram of the embodiment Another figure explaining the CA diagram of the embodiment Another figure explaining the CA diagram of the embodiment Another figure explaining the CA diagram of the embodiment Another figure explaining the CA diagram of the embodiment Another figure explaining the CA diagram of the embodiment
- the figure explaining the spectral distribution of the light source of embodiment Another figure explaining the spectral distribution of the light source of the embodiment Another figure explaining the spectral distribution of the light source of the embodiment Diagram for explaining the spectral transmittance of
- the visual function inspection system has a computer 11, an input device 18, and a monitor 19 as shown in FIG.
- the computer 11 is a computer in which a visual function inspection program for controlling each part of the visual function inspection system is installed.
- the computer 11 includes a data reading unit 12, a storage device 13, a CPU 14, a memory 15, an input / output I / F 16, and a bus 17.
- the data reading unit 12, the storage device 13, the CPU 14, the memory 15, and the input / output I / F 16 are mutually connected via a bus 17.
- an input device 18 a keyboard, a pointing device, etc.
- a monitor 19 which is an example of a display device are connected to the computer 11 via an input / output I / F 16 respectively.
- the input / output I / F 16 receives various inputs from the input device 18 and outputs display data to the monitor 19.
- the data reading unit 12 is used when reading the visual function inspection program from the outside.
- the data reading unit 12 communicates with an external device according to a known communication standard and a reading device (optical disk, magnetic disk, reading device of magneto-optical disk, etc.) for acquiring data from a removable storage medium. It consists of communication devices (USB interface, LAN module, wireless LAN module etc.) to be performed.
- the storage device 13 is configured of, for example, a storage medium such as a hard disk or a nonvolatile semiconductor memory.
- the storage device 13 stores a visual function test program and various data required to execute the program.
- the CPU 14 is a processor that controls each part of the computer 11 in an integrated manner.
- the CPU 14 functions as each unit of the visual target determination unit 21, the inspection result storage unit 22, the analysis unit 23, and the optical characteristic calculation unit 24 by executing the visual function inspection program. The details of each will be described later.
- Each of the target determining unit 21, the inspection result storage unit 22, the analyzing unit 23, and the optical characteristic calculating unit 24 may be configured as hardware by a dedicated circuit.
- the memory 15 temporarily stores various calculation results in the visual function test program.
- the memory 15 is configured of, for example, a volatile SDRAM or the like.
- the monitor 19 is, for example, a liquid crystal display device or an organic EL display device.
- the monitor 19 may be installed at a height of, for example, about 1 m from the position at which the subject is seated, and at a height of about a line of sight (for example, 1.2 m above the ground) when the subject is seated.
- the visual function test is a test for acquiring information on the optical member that corrects the visual function of the subject.
- the correction of the visual function is not limited to the correction for the purpose of improving the visibility, but is a correction that involves a decrease in the visibility, a correction that changes the visual function, a correction that optimizes the visual function, etc. Is included.
- the subject visually recognizes the target (details will be described later) displayed on the monitor 19 sequentially, and the subject's visibility of the target (for example, the target can be seen / not visible, dazzling / Do not feel etc.) is inspected.
- the light environment at this time is, for example, an environment in which outside light is shut off by a dark screen in the room and the room illumination is turned on in consideration of the viewability of the monitor 19.
- the visual function test includes a visibility test assuming discomfort glare and a visibility test assuming impaired glare.
- Discomfort glare refers to a state in which discomfort is felt when the difference in luminance between adjacent parts is significant or when the amount of light entering the eye is rapidly increased.
- intractable glare refers to a state in which the contrast of a retinal image is lowered due to scattered light generated in ocular tissues, resulting in visual acuity loss.
- the glare portion is an interference light provided in a position close to the target and entering the same visual field, and the light source having a shape that seamlessly surrounds the periphery of the target.
- a plurality of light sources may be individually disposed around the periphery.
- the disturbing light is light that causes discomfort glare and intractable glare.
- the discomfort glare includes, for example, a ring and a polygonal ring, and the size and thickness thereof can be arbitrarily set according to the purpose.
- the intractable glare it is possible to dispose a plurality of light sources in the form of a circle or a polygon close to the target.
- the position of the light source may be arranged such that the light sources are arranged in a straight line in one or a plurality of rows vertically and horizontally on the target, or a plurality of radial light sources are arranged centering on the target. In any case, it is preferable to align the target in a form disposed laterally and / or vertically with respect to the target.
- the size and number of individual light sources can be arbitrarily set.
- the targets in the present invention include Landolt's rings, sine wave stripes, Gabor targets, circular targets, circular targets, elliptical targets, square targets, alphabet targets, Snellen targets, hiragana targets, and numerical vision And a target, an animal target, and Teller Acuity Cards II (targets for infants and children made from the property of looking at stripes of infants and the like).
- the target shown in FIG. 2 has a circular portion A which is the portion of interest and its background portion. It is used for a visibility test that assumes the above-mentioned discomfort glare.
- the subject determines the glare of the circle portion A as viewed from a position separated by a predetermined distance from the visual target.
- one circle portion A is shown in FIG. 2, two or more circle portions A may be displayed on the monitor 19 as a visual target.
- the target shown in FIG. 3 has a Landolt's ring B which is the portion of interest and its background portion.
- a ring-shaped glare portion C is further provided on the outer side of the above-mentioned target as a blockage light, and used for a visibility test assuming the above-described reduced power glare.
- the Landolt's ring referred to here is used to judge the visual acuity, but it is a ring shape which is not limited to upper, lower, left, and right but one direction is missing.
- the subject determines the missing direction of the Landolt's ring B, as viewed from a position separated by a fixed distance from the visual target.
- FIG. 3 shows one set of the Landolt ring B and the glare portion C, a plurality of two or more sets may be displayed on the monitor 19 as a visual target.
- acquisition of the determination result by a test subject may be performed by any method.
- the test subject may verbally describe the determination result, and after the examiner hears, the determination result may be input through the input device 18 and the input / output I / F 16 described above, or At least a part of the input device 18 may be prepared near the subject, and the subject may input the determination result via the input device 18 and the input / output I / F 16.
- the determination result may be input based on the voice of the subject using a speech recognition technology.
- the target is displayed on the monitor 19 described above.
- the target determination unit 21 determines what target to display on the monitor 19 and causes the monitor 19 to display the determined target via the bus 17 and the input / output I / F 16.
- the brightness (brightness) of the screen on the monitor 19 can also be 50% or less, for example, when the maximum brightness is about 300 cd / m 2 . The details of the determination content of the target determination unit 21 will be described later.
- the visual function inspection system is for performing such visual function inspection and obtaining optical characteristics of an optical member for correcting the visual function of the subject based on the result of the visual function inspection.
- the optical member is a part that is a part of a machine or instrument and relates to the phenomenon and properties of light (for example, an optical lens, an optical filter, etc.), and in the present embodiment, the optical member A visual function inspection system for an optical lens will be described as an example.
- step S1 the CPU 14 controls each part to perform a visual function test.
- the details of the visual function test will be described with reference to the flowchart (steps S11 to S18) shown in FIG.
- the visual function test includes a visibility test that assumes discomfort glare and a visibility test that assumes impaired glare.
- discomfort glare was assumed by changing the brightness of the circular attention portion of the visual target presented on the constant background and examining the brightness in which the subject feels glare Perform a visibility check. This inspection can be performed, for example, in a required time of about 3 minutes.
- the brightness of at least one of the Landolt's ring B which is the target portion of the visual target presented on the constant background, and the ring-shaped glare portion disposed outside thereof.
- a visibility test is performed on the assumption of impaired glare. This inspection can be performed, for example, in a required time of about 10 minutes.
- step S11 the CPU 14 performs a standard inspection using a visual target including a circular target portion.
- the reference inspection is an inspection serving as a reference of an inspection for acquiring information on the optical member for correcting the visual function of the subject.
- the reference inspection in step S11 is an inspection that is a comparison between the inspection of the effect of the ND filter in step S12 described later and the inspection of the color filter effect in step S13.
- the CPU 14 causes the target determination unit 21 to sequentially display targets including the circular target portion described in FIG. 2 on the monitor 19.
- the visual indicator determination unit 21 sequentially changes the brightness of the circular target portion from the dark state to the bright state in a constant presentation time and displays the same on the monitor 19.
- the visual indicator determination unit 21 sequentially sets the brightness of the circular target portion presented on the constant background in the order of A-0, B-0, C-0, D-0. Change to a bright state. When the subject feels even a slight glare as seen from a position at a certain distance from the visual target, it is determined that "the dazzle is felt".
- This glare is due to discomfort glare, and indicates a state in which the difference in luminance between the constant background and the circular target portion is remarkable in the visual function test.
- the CPU 14 stores in the test result storage unit 22 a test target in which the brightness of the circular attention portion is darker than that of the target judged to have felt "glare" as a test result, Go to S12.
- the target determination unit 21 simultaneously displays, for example, four notable parts with different brightnesses of A-0, B-0, C-0, and D-0 on the monitor 19 at the same time, and the subject makes four attention parts. You may compare and judge.
- step S12 the CPU 14 inspects the ND filter effect.
- the inspection of the ND filter effect is an inspection performed by reducing only the amount of light.
- information on the influence of the light amount on the visual function of the subject can be obtained by comparing the result with the reference examination in step S11 described above.
- sunglasses there is a light blocking effect by so-called sunglasses.
- the term "sunglass” as used herein refers to glasses having a lens in which all wavelengths are cut in average, not specific wavelengths, in order to reduce glare.
- the CPU 14 causes the target determination unit 21 to sequentially display, for example, targets having a brightness of 50% on the monitor 19 with respect to targets including the circular target portion used in the reference examination described in step S11. .
- targets having a brightness of 50% on the monitor 19 with respect to targets including the circular target portion used in the reference examination described in step S11. .
- the index determination unit 21 sequentially presents -N1, B-N1, C-N1 and D-N1 to the monitor 19.
- the subject makes a determination in the same manner as step S11.
- the CPU 14 stores in the examination result storage unit 22 an examination result whose visual result is darker in the brightness of the circular notable part than the one judged to have felt "glare". And proceed to step S13.
- the visual standard determination unit 21 simultaneously displays, for example, four notable parts of different brightnesses of A-N1, B-N1, C-N1 and D-N1 on the monitor 19 at the same time. You may compare and judge. Then, the visual mark determination unit 21 may display the determination results by the subject in a list on the monitor 19.
- step S13 the CPU 14 inspects the color filter effect.
- the inspection of the color filter effect is an inspection performed by changing the spectral characteristics of the monitor 19.
- the result is compared with the reference examination in step S11 described above to show the first influence representing the influence of the light quantity on the visual function of the subject and the influence of the combination of the color stimulation stimulus value. Information on the second impact can be obtained.
- the color filter effect there is an effect by glasses having a so-called color lens.
- color lens refers to an optical lens for glasses having a lens with a spectral transmittance cut at a specific wavelength.
- the CPU 14 causes the target determination unit 21 to sequentially display targets having different combinations of color stimulation stimulus values on the monitor 19 with respect to targets including the circular target portion used in the reference examination described in step S11. Do. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, for each target (A-0, B-0, C-0, D-0) described with reference to FIG. A-C1, B-C1, C-C1 and D-C1 with 50% being sequentially presented to the monitor 19. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8, the visual indicator determination unit 21 sequentially presents A-C2, B-C2, C-C2 and D-C2 in which the G color stimulation value is 50%, and then the B color A-C3, B-C3, C-C3 and D-C3 whose stimulation values are 50% are sequentially presented on the monitor 19.
- Each target is blue when the stimulation value of R is 50%, red when the stimulation value of G is 50%, and yellow when the stimulation value of B is 50%. .
- the subject makes the determination in the same manner as step S11 and step S12.
- the CPU 14 sets each of the examination results storage unit 22 as an examination result that is a mark whose brightness of the circular notable portion is darker than the one judged to have felt "glare". It memorizes, it advances to step S14.
- step S13 since the test is performed using three patterns of visual targets different in the combination of the stimulation values of the color stimulation, the test results are also three types. Also, the three types of test results are different due to the visual function of the subject.
- the target determination unit 21 may, for example, simultaneously display a plurality of target portions of different colors on the monitor 19, change the brightness of each target portion, and the subject may determine the brightness of each color . Also, a portion where the notable portion is not presented may be presented in gray.
- step S14 the CPU 14 performs a size inspection of the Landolt ring B.
- This test is a test for selecting the size of the Landolt's ring B in which the subject can easily recognize the missing direction in the visual function test to be performed later.
- the CPU 14 causes the target determination unit 21 to sequentially display targets having the Landolt ring B on the monitor 19.
- the visual standard determination unit 21 sequentially changes the size of the Landolt ring B and displays it on the monitor 19.
- the optotype determining unit 21 sequentially changes the size of the Landolt ring B presented on the constant background in the order of aS, bS, cS, and dS. .
- the test subject determines the size of the Landolt's ring B which can easily recognize the missing direction when viewed from a certain distance from the target.
- the CPU 14 stores the result by the inspection result storage unit 22, and the process proceeds to step S15.
- step S15 the CPU 14 performs a standard inspection using the Landolt ring B.
- inspection is a test
- the reference inspection in step S15 is an inspection that is a comparison between the inspection of the effect of the ND filter in step S17 described later and the inspection of the color filter effect in step S18.
- the CPU 14 causes the visual index determination unit 21 to sequentially display the Landolt ring B of the size determined in step S 14 on the monitor 19.
- the visual indicator determination unit 21 sequentially changes the brightness of the Landolt's ring B from a bright state to a dark state and displays the same on the monitor 19.
- the optotype determination unit 21 sequentially darkens the brightness of the Landolt ring B presented on the constant background in the order of a-01, b-01, c-01, d-01. Change to The subject determines visibility by looking at a position away from the target by a certain distance.
- the CPU 14 stores the target having the brightness of the Landolt ring B brighter than that of the target determined to be “not visible” in the inspection result storage unit 22 as the inspection result, and proceeds to step S16.
- the CPU 14 uses the simple and modified upper and lower method near the threshold indicating the boundary between the brightness of the Landolt ring B determined to be “not visible” and the brightness of the landolt ring B determined to be “visible”. The contrast may be changed. Then, the CPU 14 may calculate the aliasing average value of the stimulation values, and determine the luminance contrast value and the luminance average value using the calculated average value.
- step S16 the CPU 14 adds a ring-shaped glare portion to the outside of the Landolt's ring B to perform a reference inspection.
- inspection is a test
- the reference inspection in step S16 is an inspection that is the control of the inspection of the effect of the ND filter in step S17 described later and the inspection of the color filter effect in step S18, as in the inspection of step S15 described above.
- the CPU 14 causes the target determining unit 21 to sequentially display the target including the Landolt ring B described in FIG. 3 and the ring-shaped glare portion disposed outside thereof on the monitor 19.
- the visual index determination unit 21 sequentially changes the brightness of the Landolt's ring B from the bright state to the dark state while the brightness of the glare portion is constant.
- the visual standard determination unit 21 sets the brightness of the Landolt's ring B to a-02 for the glare portion of constant brightness presented on the constant background, a-02, Change to b-02, c-02, d-02 sequentially in the dark order.
- the subject determines visibility by looking at a position away from the target by a certain distance. Generally, visibility is degraded by the addition of glare portions. This loss of visibility is due to impaired glare. Impaired glare is a state in which the contrast of a retinal image is lowered due to scattered light generated in the eye, resulting in a decrease in visual function.
- the CPU 14 stores the target having the brightness of the Landolt ring B brighter than that of the target determined to be "not visible" in the inspection result storage unit 22 as the inspection result, and proceeds to step S17.
- step S17 the CPU 14 inspects the ND filter effect as in step S12 described above.
- the CPU 14 causes the target determining unit 21 to, for example, set the brightness to 50 for the target including the Landolt ring B used in the reference inspection described in step S16 and the ring glare portion disposed outside the target. It sequentially displays on the monitor 19 as%. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 12, the target determination unit 21 displays the brightness of each target (a-02, b-02, c-02, d-02) described with reference to FIG. A-N1, b-N1, c-N1 and d-N1 each having a length of 50% are sequentially presented. The subject makes the determination in the same manner as step S15 and step S16. When the inspection of the ND filter effect is completed, the CPU 14 stores the target in which the brightness of the Landolt ring B is one step brighter than the target determined to be “not visible” in the test result storage unit 22 as a test result. move on.
- step S18 the CPU 14 inspects the color filter effect as in step S13 described above.
- the CPU 14 causes the target determining unit 21 to generate color stimulation stimulus values for the target including the Landolt ring B used in the reference examination described in step S16 and the ring-shaped glare portion disposed outside the target.
- the combinations are sequentially displayed on the monitor 19 as different ones. For example, as shown in FIG. 13, for each target (a-02, b-02, c-02, d-02) described with reference to FIG. A-C1, b-C1, c-C1, and d-C1 are sequentially presented, with 50% being 50%. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, the visual indicator determining unit 21 sequentially displays a-C2, b-C2, c-C2 and d-C2 with 50% G color stimulation value, and then the B color.
- A-C3, b-C3, c-C3 and d-C3 having stimulation values of 50% are sequentially presented.
- the subject makes the determination in the same manner as in steps S15 to S17.
- the CPU 14 stores in the examination result storage unit 22 each of the sights whose brightness of the Landolt ring B is brighter than that of the sight judged to be "not visible”. The examination is completed, and the process proceeds to step S2 shown in FIG.
- the visual function test demonstrated so far is an example, It is not limited to this example.
- only one of the visibility test assuming discomfort glare and the visibility test assuming impaired glare may be performed, or the order may be changed.
- both of the visibility test assuming discomfort glare and the visibility test assuming impaired glare an example is shown in which both the examination of the ND filter effect and the examination of the color filter effect are performed. It may be configured to perform only one or the other.
- the target including the Landolt's ring B and the ring-shaped glare portion disposed outside thereof are illustrated, but the glare portion has a shape other than the ring shape, It may be a combination of a plurality of figures such as a circle or a rectangle.
- the optotype determining unit 21 determines the shape of the glare portion according to the purpose of the visibility test such as “make the character easy to read” or “make it easy to find something to be noticed from the complicated background”. Also good.
- the inspection result storage unit 22 preferably stores in advance shape data indicating the shapes of a plurality of different glare portions, and the visual index determination unit 21 uses the shape data to meet the purpose of the visibility inspection. It is preferable to determine the shape of the glare portion.
- the intractable glare reflects the light of one or more light sources such as incandescent lamps and LED lighting, or at least one light source and light source 1 It may be realized using one or more reflectors.
- one or more light sources are arranged at an adjustable position with respect to the monitor 19, and the optotype determining unit 21 controls the light source to be turned on as a glare portion, the position with respect to the monitor 19 and the Determine the brightness etc.
- a light source capable of high luminance output is used.
- step S2 shown in FIG. 4 the CPU 14 causes the analysis unit 23 to perform analysis using a CA diagram.
- the CA diagram is a two-dimensional evaluation diagram of visibility with the vertical axis as luminance contrast value (Contrast) and the horizontal axis as average luminance (Average Luminance), and shows the correlation between the luminance contrast value and the average luminance value. It is a coordinate system.
- the CA diagram is disclosed in detail by the inventors in Japanese Patent No. 3963299.
- the luminance contrast value is a value indicating the contrast between the luminance of the target portion of the visual target and the luminance of the background portion.
- a value indicating contrast of luminance between a circular portion which is an attention portion and a background portion corresponds to the luminance contrast value.
- the Landolt ring B is the target portion, and the outside of the Landolt ring B and the inner side of the ring-shaped glare portion are the background portions.
- the luminance average value is a value indicating the luminance average value of the visual target including the attention portion and the background portion.
- a logarithmic luminance average value is used as an example of the luminance average value.
- the luminance contrast value and the luminance average value may be calculated by any calculation method.
- step S1 In the visual function test in step S1 (more specifically, steps S11 to S13, and S15 to S18 in FIG. 5), at least a combination of the luminance contrast value, the luminance average value, and the stimulus value of the color stimulus of the visual target.
- the visual targets used in step S11 and step S12 are visual targets having different luminance contrast values and average luminance values. The same applies to step S16 and step S17.
- the combination of color stimulation values sequentially presents the same target to the subject, and the target previously presented is the color stimulation stimulation value. Subjects with different target combinations were sequentially presented.
- the brightness is not limited to 50% as exemplified, but may be changed in a plurality of stages for inspection.
- what kind of combination of stimulus value of a color stimulus may be sufficient.
- the presentation order of the visual targets may be a change from a state where the luminance contrast value is large to a state where the luminance contrast value is small, or may be a state where the luminance contrast value is small to a state where the luminance contrast value is small.
- the visual function inspection in step S1 an example in which the inspection is performed in the order of the reference inspection, the inspection of the ND filter effect, and the inspection of the color filter effect is shown.
- the targets may be sequentially presented in the order of A-N1 of 7, A-C1, A-C2 and A-C3 of FIG.
- inspection of the reference, the ND filter effect, and the color filter effect (three types) is performed with the luminance contrast value fixed.
- targets may be sequentially presented by randomly changing the combination of the brightness contrast value, the brightness average value, and the stimulus value of the color stimulus of the goal.
- the analysis unit 23 in step S2 calculates the luminance contrast value and the luminance average value based on the results of the visual function inspection in step S1 (more specifically, steps S11, S12, S13, and S15 to S18 in FIG. 5). Plot on a CA diagram. Specifically, the analysis unit 23 creates a luminance image of the visual target stored in the test result storage unit 22 as a result of the visual function test. Then, the analysis unit 23 performs a convolution operation using a matrix on the luminance image, and then calculates the luminance contrast value and the luminance average value. The details of the operation are omitted because they are disclosed in detail in the aforementioned Japanese Patent No. 3963299.
- FIG. 14 shows a CA diagram based on the results of steps S11 and S12 of FIG.
- the point P1 is a plot of the result of the reference test in step S11.
- a point P1 indicates a boundary at which the subject does not feel glare when the brightness of the circular target portion is successively brightened.
- the boundary L1 is determined in the CA diagram.
- the boundary line L1 is a predetermined straight line passing through the point P1 and is determined by an experiment and an operation method.
- the area under the boundary L1 of the CA diagram is an area where the subject has visibility
- the area above the boundary L1 is an area where the subject does not have visibility.
- Point P2 is a plot of the result of the inspection of the ND filter effect in step S12.
- a point P2 indicates a boundary at which the subject does not feel glare when the brightness of the circular target portion is sequentially brightened in the inspection of the ND filter effect in step S12.
- the points P1 and P2 exist on the straight line L01 as shown in FIG.
- the boundary L2 is determined in the CA diagram.
- the boundary line L2 can be determined by translating the boundary line L1 so as to pass through the point P2.
- the boundary line L2 is determined, the inclination and the shape of the boundary line L1 may be entirely or partially corrected along with the parallel movement of the boundary line L1. Then, in FIG.
- the area under the boundary L2 of the CA diagram is an area where the subject has visibility
- the area above the boundary L2 is an area where the subject does not have visibility.
- the region where the subject has visibility is It changes, and the subject's visibility changes due to the ND filter effect.
- the arrows shown in FIG. 14 indicate an example in which the visibility of the subject is improved.
- FIG. 15 shows a CA diagram based on the result of step S13 in addition to steps S11 and S12 of FIG.
- the point P1, the point P2, the boundary line L1, and the boundary line L2 are the same as in FIG.
- the point P3 is a plot of the result of the color filter effect inspection in step S13 that is the most effective.
- the examination was performed using three types of visual targets different in the combination of the color stimulation stimulation value. Among them, the above-mentioned point P3 is plotted on the basis of the test result indicating the target that is the most effective, that is, the brightness of the attention portion that felt the glare is the brightest.
- a point P3 indicates a boundary at which the subject does not feel glare when the brightness of the circular target portion is sequentially brightened in the examination of the color filter effect in step S13.
- the point P3 also exists on the straight line L01, similarly to the points P1 and P2.
- the boundary L3 is determined in the CA diagram.
- the boundary line L3 can be determined by translating the boundary line L1 so as to pass through the point P3.
- the inclination or the shape of the boundary line L1 may be entirely or partially corrected along with the parallel movement of the boundary line L1. Then, in FIG.
- the area under the boundary L3 of the CA diagram is an area where the subject has visibility
- the area above the boundary L3 is an area where the subject does not have visibility.
- the region where the subject has visibility is It changes, and the color filter effect changes the subject's visibility.
- the arrows shown in FIG. 15 indicate an example in which the visibility of the subject is improved.
- FIG. 16 shows a CA diagram based on the results of steps S15 and S16 of FIG.
- the point R1 is a plot of the result of the reference test using the Landolt ring B in step S15.
- a point R1 indicates a boundary at which the subject can not visually recognize the visual target when the brightness of the Landolt's ring B is sequentially lowered.
- a boundary L4 is determined in the CA diagram.
- the boundary line L4 the research reported in the abstract of Annual Conference of Architectural Institute of Japan 2015 (Kanto) 40238 can be mentioned.
- the area under the boundary L4 of the CA diagram is an area where the subject has visibility
- the area above the boundary L4 is an area where the subject does not have visibility.
- the point R2 is a plot of the result of the reference test to which the ring-shaped glare portion in step S16 is added.
- a point R2 indicates a boundary at which the subject can not visually recognize the visual target when the brightness of the Landolt's ring B is sequentially lowered in the examination in step S16.
- point R1 and point R2 exist on straight line L02, as shown in FIG.
- a boundary L5 is determined in the CA diagram.
- the boundary line L5 can be determined by translating the boundary line L4 so as to pass through the point R2.
- the boundary line L5 is determined, the inclination and the shape of the boundary line L4 may be entirely or partially corrected along with the parallel movement of the boundary line L4.
- the field under boundary L5 of CA figure is a field which a test subject has visibility
- the field above boundary L5 is a field which a test subject does not have visibility.
- FIG. 17 shows a CA diagram based on the result of step S17 in addition to steps S15 and S16 of FIG.
- the point R1, the point R2, the boundary line L4, and the boundary line L5 are the same as in FIG.
- a point R3 indicates a boundary at which the subject can not visually recognize the visual target when the brightness of the Landolt's ring B is sequentially darkened in the inspection of the ND filter effect in step S17.
- the point R3 is also on the straight line L02, as shown in FIG.
- a boundary L6 is determined in the CA diagram.
- the boundary line L6 can be determined by translating the boundary line L4 so as to pass through the point R3.
- the inclination and the shape of the boundary line L4 may be entirely or partially corrected along with the parallel movement of the boundary line L4.
- the area under the boundary L6 of the CA diagram is an area where the subject has visibility
- the area above the boundary L6 is an area where the subject does not have visibility.
- a reference examination using a target having a ring-shaped glare portion added in step S16 is used as a control
- the arrows shown in FIG. 17 indicate an example in which the visibility of the subject is improved.
- FIG. 18 shows a CA diagram based on the result of step S18 in addition to steps S15 to S17 of FIG.
- the point R1, the point R2, the point R3, the boundary line L4, the boundary line L5, and the boundary line L6 are the same as those in FIG.
- the point R4 is a plot of the result of the color filter effect inspection in step S18 that is the most effective.
- examinations were performed using three types of targets having different combinations of color stimulation values. Among them, the above-mentioned point R4 is plotted on the basis of the inspection result that is the most effective, that is, the brightness of the visible Landolt ring B is the lowest (dark).
- a point R4 indicates a boundary at which the subject can not visually recognize the visual target when the brightness of the Landolt's ring B is sequentially lowered in the examination of the color filter effect in step S18.
- the point R4 also, as shown in FIG. 18, lies on the straight line L0 2.
- a boundary L7 is determined in the CA diagram.
- the boundary line L7 can be determined by translating the boundary line L4 so as to pass through the point R4.
- the boundary L7 is determined, the inclination or the shape of the boundary L4 may be corrected entirely or partially along with the parallel movement of the boundary L4. Then, in FIG.
- the area under the boundary L7 of the CA diagram is an area where the subject has visibility
- the area above the boundary L7 is an area where the subject does not have visibility.
- the reference test including the ring-shaped glare portion in step S11 is used as a control
- the result of the color filter effect test in step S18 the area in which the subject has visibility changes and the color Subject's visibility changes by the filter effect.
- the arrows shown in FIG. 18 indicate an example in which the visibility of the subject is improved.
- the analysis unit 23 may display the CA diagram described with reference to FIGS. 14 to 18 on the monitor 19 via the input / output I / F 16. By displaying such a CA diagram on the monitor 19, it is possible to visually present the result of the visual function test to the examiner or the subject.
- step S3 the CPU 14 calculates optical characteristics by the optical characteristics calculator 24.
- the optical properties include an X value, a Y value, a Z value, or L * a * b *.
- the optical characteristics of the lens for spectacles as the optical member for correcting the visual function of the subject are determined.
- the X value, the Y value, and the Z value are one of color systems defined by the CIE (International Commission on Illumination), and in this case, are used as one of evaluation values indicating optical characteristics of an optical lens.
- the optical property calculation unit 24 first selects a target to be a source of calculation of the optical property based on the result of the visual function test in step S1.
- the inspection result is stored in the inspection result storage unit 22 in the seven processes of step S11, step S12, step S13, step S15, step S16, step S17 and step S18. ing.
- the selection of the inspection result used to calculate the optical characteristics may be performed in any manner.
- the optical characteristic calculation unit 24 may select the one in which the region where the subject has visibility is the largest in the CA diagrams described in FIGS. 14 to 18. After that, the optical property calculation unit 24 may select the test result according to the use purpose of the subject.
- the optical characteristic calculation unit 24 may select the test result according to the use purpose of the subject. In the following, as an example, in the examination of the color filter effect in step S18, the case where the optical characteristic is calculated based on the target when the stimulus value of B is 50% (yellow) will be described.
- the optical characteristic calculation unit 24 obtains a spectral distribution of a light source corresponding to the target.
- the light source generates light, and includes not only light emitters such as light bulbs and sun but also reflected light.
- the monitor 19 corresponds to a light source, and the spectral distribution of a light source corresponding to a target can be obtained from the spectral distribution of the monitor 19 when the target is presented.
- FIG. 20 shows a spectral distribution (hereinafter, referred to as a spectral distribution B) of a dominant light source in an environment that a subject wants to visually recognize.
- FIG. 20 shows, as an example, the spectral distribution of a certain light source. And the figure which described two spectral distribution in FIG. 21 is shown.
- the horizontal axis indicates the wavelength of light
- the vertical axis indicates the spectral radiance or spectral irradiance at each wavelength.
- the optical characteristic calculation unit 24 calculates a spectral transmittance for converting the spectral distribution B into a spectral distribution A.
- the spectral transmittance indicates the spectral density of the transmitted luminous flux and the spectral density ratio of the incident luminous flux.
- the optical characteristic calculation unit 24 obtains the spectral transmittance of each wavelength of light by obtaining (numerical value of vertical axis of spectral distribution A) / (numerical value of vertical axis of spectral distribution B) for each wavelength of light of a predetermined interval. Calculate The intervals of the wavelengths of light for which the spectral transmittance is calculated may be equal intervals or non-equal intervals.
- spectral transmittance may be calculated at narrow wavelength intervals for wavelength bands that the subject considers important, and rough spectral transmittance may be calculated at wide wavelength intervals for other wavelength bands.
- An example of the calculated spectral transmittance is shown in FIG.
- the upper limit value of the spectral transmittance is set to 1.00, and when the calculated spectral transmittance exceeds 1.00, the calculation result is replaced with 1.00.
- the optical characteristic calculation unit 24 calculates an X value, a Y value, and a Z value corresponding to the spectral transmittance.
- the optical characteristic calculation unit 24 uses the wavelength region as the main emission of each of the R, G, and B lights of the target. Under the premise of being composed of three wavelength ranges corresponding to the wavelength range, furthermore, each transmittance average value in the three wavelength ranges is set to the same numerical value as each stimulus value of R, G, and B of the target. You may perform the process to define.
- the luminance contrast value of the luminance of the target portion and the luminance of the background portion, the average luminance value of the target including the target portion and the background portion, and the color stimulation of the target In the coordinate system in which at least one of the combination with the stimulus value of the subject sequentially presents a different target to the subject to perform visual function test, and the correlation between the brightness contrast value and the brightness average value is shown based on the test result. For each combination of stimulus values, the boundary between the area in which the subject has visibility and the area in which the subject does not have visibility is determined. Therefore, since the relationship between the optical characteristics of the optical member and the visibility can be estimated, it is possible to realize the visual function inspection in consideration of various light environments including the inspection time.
- the visual target is displayed on the display device. Therefore, the subject can perform the visual function test in a relatively short time without using a plurality of optical lenses.
- the visual function inspection system of the second embodiment has the same configuration as the visual function inspection system of the first embodiment. However, the visual function inspection system according to the second embodiment acquires target information on the visibility of the subject, calculates a target value based on the acquired target information, and calculates an optical characteristic based on the calculated target value.
- step S21 the CPU 14 controls each part to perform visual function inspection, as in step S1 of FIG. 4 described above (more specifically, steps S11 to S18 of FIG. 5).
- Target information is information indicating a light source in an environment surrounding a subject. Specifically, the place where the subject wants to view, the subject feels a problem with the viewability, or an image obtained by photographing a scene or a situation assumed to be felt can be considered.
- a scene or situation in which the subject feels a problem with visibility is, for example, the subject's attention part such as a pillar or a stairway where it is difficult to distinguish attention parts such as guidance signs in the daily life It is a scene or situation where it is difficult to obtain a three-dimensional effect.
- a scene or a situation in which a subject is presumed to feel a problem with visibility is a scene or a situation in which a researcher or a medical worker can guess based on an experiment or a hearing from the subject.
- it is possible to calculate optical characteristics of the optical member adapted to different visual functions for each subject by acquiring, as target information, an image in which such a scene or situation is captured in advance.
- any image may be taken in any way, it can be converted or approximated to a luminance image (for example, an RGB image, a YCbCr image, etc.) in view of the application to the CA diagram described above. Is desirable.
- an evaluation value or a numerical value indicating a scene or a situation in which a subject feels a problem in viewability or a place assumed to be felt may be considered where the subject wants to view visually.
- An evaluation value indicating a scene or situation in which the subject feels a problem with visibility is, for example, a pillar, stairs, etc. in which it is difficult to identify a notable part such as a sign of guidance in the daily life It is the illuminance or luminance measured in a scene or situation where it is difficult to obtain the three-dimensional effect of the attention portion.
- evaluation values indicating situations or situations in which the subject is presumed to feel a problem with visibility were measured in situations or situations in which the researcher or medical worker can infer based on experiments or interviews with the subject It is illuminance or luminance.
- any evaluation value may be measured or calculated in any manner, it can be converted or approximated to a luminance contrast value and a luminance average value in view of utilization to the above-described CA diagram ( For example, illuminance, luminance, etc.) is desirable.
- step S23 the CPU 14 causes the analysis unit 23 to perform analysis using a CA diagram.
- the details of the CA diagram are the same as in the first embodiment.
- the analysis unit 23 calculates a target value based on the target information acquired in step S22.
- the target values are the luminance contrast value and the luminance average value corresponding to the target information.
- the analysis unit 23 converts or approximates the image to a luminance image.
- the target information is an RGB image
- the analysis unit 23 converts the image of the RGB colorimetric system into the image of the XYZ colorimetric system by a known method, and sets the Y image as a luminance image.
- the analysis unit 23 sets the target portion and the background portion in the luminance image, and calculates the luminance contrast value and the luminance average value based on the luminance values of those regions.
- the analysis unit 23 converts or approximates the evaluation value to the luminance contrast value and the luminance average value.
- the analysis unit 23 converts the illuminance into luminance according to a known equation, and sets the ratio of the luminance of the target portion to the luminance of the background portion as the luminance contrast value.
- the average value of the brightness of the background portion is taken as the brightness average value.
- FIG. 24 shows a CA diagram based on the result of the visual function test when the visibility test assuming the discomfort glare is performed in step S21.
- the point P1, the point P2, the point P3, the boundary line L1, the boundary line L2, and the boundary line L3 are the same as in FIG. 15 of the first embodiment.
- Point C1 is a plot of the target values (brightness contrast value and bright average value) described above on a CA diagram. Point C1 indicates a point at which the subject desires visibility on the CA diagram.
- FIG. 25 shows another CA diagram based on the result of the visual function test when the visibility test assuming the intractable glare is performed in step S21.
- the point R1, the point R2, the point R4, the boundary line L4, the boundary line L5, and the boundary line L7 are the same as those in FIG. 16 of the first embodiment.
- Point D1 is a plot of the above-described target values (brightness contrast value and bright mean value) on a CA diagram. Point D1 indicates a point at which the subject desires visibility on the CA diagram.
- step S24 the CPU 14 calculates optical characteristics (for example, X value, Y value, Z value) by the optical characteristic calculation unit 24.
- the optical characteristic calculation unit 24 corresponds to the target values (brightness contrast value and bright average value) calculated in step S24 as shown in FIG.
- the point C1 is moved to the point P4 in the negative direction of the horizontal axis on the CA diagram so that the point C1 to be included is included in the area having visibility with respect to the boundary line L3.
- the point P4 is a boundary for including the point C1 corresponding to the target value in the region where the subject has visibility. Then, the optical characteristic calculation unit 24 obtains an optical characteristic from this point P4.
- the difference T between the log luminance average of the point P4 and the point C1, that is, the ratio of the average luminance value is calculated, and the spectral distribution of the target corresponding to the point P3 is multiplied by the ratio.
- the optical characteristic can be obtained by the same process as the method described in the first embodiment.
- the optical characteristic calculation unit 24 sets the target values (brightness contrast value and bright average value) calculated in step S24.
- a boundary L9 is defined in the CA diagram so that the corresponding point D1 is included in the region having visibility.
- the boundary line L9 is determined by translating the boundary line L4 described in the first embodiment such that the area having visibility has the point D1.
- the optical characteristic calculation unit 24, as shown in FIG. 25, the boundary line L9, and the straight line L0 2 described in the first embodiment seeks R5 point of intersection.
- the point R5 is a boundary for including the point D1 corresponding to the target value in the area in which the subject has visibility.
- the optical characteristic calculation unit 24 obtains an optical characteristic from this point R5. Specifically, first, the ratio of the brightness average value between the point R5 and the point R4 is calculated, and the spectral distribution of the target corresponding to the point R4 is multiplied by the ratio to calculate the spectral distribution of the target corresponding to the point R5. Ask. Thereafter, from the spectral distribution corresponding to the point R5, the optical characteristics can be obtained by the same processing as the method described in the first embodiment.
- the optical characteristic calculation unit 24 calculates the X value, the Y value, and the Z value based on the spectral distribution of the light source, the series of processing ends.
- information indicating the light source in the environment surrounding the subject is acquired as the target information on the visibility of the subject, and the target value in the coordinate system is calculated based on the target information. . Then, based on the inspection result of the visual function inspection and the calculated target value, the optical characteristic of the optical member is calculated. Therefore, an optical member that corrects the visual function of the subject, that is, allows the subject to visually recognize the target that the subject desires to view, by performing analysis by plotting the conditions of the subject that the subject wants to see in real life on a CA diagram. Optical properties can be calculated.
- the CA diagram there are various possibilities for analysis in the CA diagram. For example, it is possible to simulate the visibility in the use environment by determining the spectral distribution of the dominant light source in an environment where the subject uses an optical member such as an optical lens and using it for calculating the optical characteristics of the optical member. . In addition, since it is possible to create a CA diagram for each optical characteristic of an optical member such as an optical lens, various simulations regarding use are also possible.
- each visual target shown in each above-mentioned embodiment is an example, and the present invention is not limited to this example.
- a circular portion or Landolt ring is illustrated as a target portion of a target, but other shapes such as figures, characters, and pictograms may be used, such as a Gabor target or a stripe target But it is good.
- the optotype determining unit 21 determines the shape of the portion of interest according to the purpose of the visibility inspection, such as “make it easier to read characters” or “make it easier to find things to be noticed from a complicated background”.
- the visual indicator determination unit 21 preferably determines the visual target to be a Landolt ring, a hiragana visual target, or the like.
- the visual indicator determination unit 21 decides on visual targets such as circular visual targets, Gabor visual targets and stripe visual targets. Is preferred.
- Table 1 shows examples of targets used for each purpose of examination.
- the relationship between the test purpose and the target is different from the above, and it is preferable to use an animal target or Teller Acuity Cards II.
- the inspection result storage unit 22 preferably stores in advance shape data indicating the shapes of a plurality of different parts of interest, and the visual index determination unit 21 uses the shape data according to the purpose of the visibility inspection. It is preferable to determine the shape of the portion of interest.
- the liquid crystal display device and the organic electroluminescent display device were illustrated as a specific example of the monitor 19, this invention is not limited to this example. It may be anything as long as the spectral distribution is known or measurable.
- the display device may have a light source (for example, Yellow) other than the three primary colors of RGB.
- the display device may be a backlight type display device, a self-emission display device, or a projection type display device.
- the optical lens was mentioned as an example as an example of an optical member, this invention is not limited to this example.
- it may be a loupe type optical lens, or as an optical member for controlling the wavelength of light according to an individual, a cover or a film for adjusting the amount of light incident from illumination and window glass or the like.
- it may be a cover, a filter, or a film installed on an object itself such as a luminaire, a display, or a window glass of a building or a vehicle.
- it can be applied to building materials and paints such as floors, walls and ceilings.
- FIG. 26 is a flowchart showing an example of an optical member selection method.
- step S31 to step S33 the same process as each process of step S1 to step S3 of the above-described first embodiment is performed.
- step S34 selection of an optical member is performed based on the optical characteristic (for example, X value, Y value, Z value or L * a * b *) calculated in step S33.
- the optical characteristic for example, X value, Y value, Z value or L * a * b *
- a table in which optical characteristics (for example, X value, Y value, Z value) prepared in advance are associated with each other for a plurality of optical members prepared in advance is referred to.
- an optical member having an optical characteristic corresponding to or close to the optical characteristic (for example, X value, Y value, Z value or L * a * b *) calculated in step S33 is selected.
- the optical member for correcting the visual function of the subject can be selected by the method of selecting the optical member described above.
- FIG. 27 is a flowchart showing an example of a method of manufacturing an optical member.
- step S41 to step S43 the same process as each process of step S1 to step S3 of the above-described first embodiment is performed.
- step S44 the manufacturing conditions of the optical member are determined based on the optical characteristics (for example, X value, Y value, Z value) calculated in step S43 or based on the optical characteristics.
- the optical characteristics for example, X value, Y value, Z value
- step S45 the optical member is manufactured in accordance with the manufacturing conditions determined in step S44.
- an optical member that corrects the visual function of a subject can be manufactured.
- amends a test subject's visual function based on the result of the visual function test demonstrated by each above-mentioned embodiment is effective as a specific aspect of this invention.
- the display member may be, for example, various monitors of a computer, a monitor such as a smartphone, a monitor of a tablet PC, a monitor of a television, a display of a magnified reader / writer (CCTV / Closed Circuit TV), a head mounted display, and the like.
- FIG. 28 is a flowchart showing an example of a method of manufacturing a display member.
- step S51 to step S53 the same process as each process of step S1 to step S3 of the above-described first embodiment is performed.
- step S54 the manufacturing conditions of the display member are determined based on the optical characteristics (for example, X value, Y value, Z value) calculated in step S53 or based on optical characteristics close thereto.
- the optical characteristics for example, X value, Y value, Z value
- step S55 the display member is manufactured in accordance with the manufacturing conditions determined in step S54.
- the display member for correcting the visual function of the subject can be manufactured by the method of manufacturing the display member described above.
- FIG. 29 is a flowchart showing an example of a method of manufacturing a lighting device.
- step S61 to step S63 the same process as each process of step S1 to step S3 of the above-described first embodiment is performed.
- step S64 the manufacturing conditions of the illumination device are determined based on or near optical characteristics (for example, X value, Y value, Z value) calculated in step S63.
- step S65 the lighting device is manufactured in accordance with the manufacturing conditions determined in step S64.
- the optical characteristics (for example, the X value, the Y value, the Z value) are calculated by performing the same processing as the steps S1 to S3 of the first embodiment.
- the optical characteristics (for example, the X value, the Y value, and the Z value) may be calculated by performing the same processing as each process of step S21 to step S24 in the second embodiment.
- the visual function inspection system comprised from the computer 11, the input device 18, and the monitor 19 was illustrated in each above-mentioned embodiment, the visual function inspection apparatus by which each part in each above-mentioned embodiment is manufactured integrally is also this It is effective as a specific embodiment of the invention.
- an optical characteristic calculation device that calculates an optical characteristic based on the result of the visual function inspection described in each of the above-described embodiments is also effective as a specific aspect of the present invention.
- each process is divided by a visual function inspection system having a computer 111, an input device 118 and a monitor 119, and an optical characteristic calculation system having a computer 211, an input device 218 and a monitor 219. It is good also as composition.
- a medical institution or the like is provided with a visual function inspection system to perform only visual function inspection, and a company specializing in analysis or the like is provided with an optical characteristic calculation system to perform analysis or optical characteristic calculation.
- the computer 111 in FIG. 30 includes the data reading unit 112, the storage device 113, the CPU 114, the memory 115, the input / output I / F 116, the bus 117, and the communication unit 101.
- the configurations of the data reading unit 112, the storage device 113, the memory 115, the input / output I / F 116, and the bus 117 are the same as the data reading unit 12, the storage device 13, the memory 15 and the input / output of FIG. It is substantially the same as the I / F 16 and the bus 17.
- the communication unit 101 is a transmission / reception unit for performing wired or wireless communication between the computer 111 and an external device.
- the CPU 114 functions as a visual mark determination unit 121 and an inspection result storage unit 122 by executing the visual function inspection program stored in the storage device 113. Then, the visual index determination unit 121 and the inspection result storage unit 122 perform the visual function inspection as in step S1 of the first embodiment or step S21 of the second embodiment. Then, the result of the visual function test is output from the communication unit 101 via the bus 117 and the input / output I / F 116.
- the computer 211 in FIG. 30 includes the data reader 212, the storage device 213, the CPU 214, the memory 215, the input / output I / F 216, the bus 217, and the communication unit 201.
- the configurations of the data reading unit 212, the storage device 213, the memory 215, the input / output I / F 216, and the bus 217 are the same as the data reading unit 12, the storage device 13, the memory 15 and the input / output of FIG. It is substantially the same as the I / F 16 and the bus 17.
- the communication unit 201 is a transmission / reception unit for performing wired or wireless communication between the computer 211 and an external device.
- the CPU 214 functions as an analysis unit 223 and an optical characteristic calculation unit 224 by executing the optical characteristic calculation program stored in the storage device 213. Then, the analysis unit 223 and the optical characteristic calculation unit 224 perform analysis and / or optical analysis of the CA diagram, as with at least one of step S2 and step S3 of the first embodiment and step S22, step S23 and step S24 of the second embodiment. Calculate the characteristics.
- the analysis unit 223 and the optical characteristic calculation unit 224 acquire the result of the visual function inspection received by the communication unit 201 via the input / output I / F 216 and the bus 217, and based on the acquired visual function inspection result. , CA analysis and calculation of optical characteristics.
- Each of the target determination unit 121, the inspection result storage unit 122, the analysis unit 223, and the optical characteristic calculation unit 224 may be configured as hardware by a dedicated circuit.
- a visual function test program and an optical characteristic calculation program are also effective as specific embodiments of the present invention. These programs may be stored in a computer-readable medium, or may be stored in a server or the like on the Web and can be downloaded to the computer via the Internet.
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Abstract
Description
本発明の照明装置の製造方法の一態様は、上述した光学特性算出システムにより算出した前記光学特性に基づいて光学部材を製造する工程を含む。
本発明のプログラムの一態様は、視標に含まれる注目部分の互いに異なる複数の形状を示す第1形状情報及び/又は被験者の視野内に入る位置で前記視標に含まれるグレア部分の互いに異なる複数の形状を示す第2形状情報に基づき前記注目部分の形状及び/又は前記グレア部分の形状を視機能検査の目的に応じて決定する決定ステップから構成される決定ステップD1又は、複数の光源のうち視機能検査においてグレア部分として用いる少なくとも1つの光源およびその位置を、視機能検査の目的に応じて決定する決定ステップから構成される決定ステップD2の何れか一つと、前記注目部分の輝度と背景部分の輝度との輝度コントラスト値と、前記注目部分および前記背景部分を含む視標の輝度平均値と、視標の色刺激の刺激値との組み合わせの少なくとも1つが異なる視標を前記被験者に順次提示する視機能検査ステップと、前記視機能検査ステップによる検査結果に基づいて、前記輝度コントラスト値と前記輝度平均値との相関を示す座標系において、前記色刺激の刺激値の組み合わせ毎に、前記被験者が視認性を有する領域と前記視認性を有しない領域との境界を求めることにより、少なくとも2つの前記境界を求める分析ステップとをコンピュータに実行させる。
本発明のコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体の一態様は、上述したプログラムを記録する。
以下、図面を用いて第1実施形態の視機能検査システムについて説明する。
以下、図面を用いて本発明の第2実施形態について説明する。なお、以下では、第1実施形態と異なる部分についてのみ説明し、第1実施形態と同様の部分については説明を省略する。
Claims (13)
- 視標に含まれる注目部分の互いに異なる複数の形状を示す第1形状情報及び/又は被験者の視野内に入る位置で前記視標に含まれるグレア部分の互いに異なる複数の形状を示す第2形状情報を記憶する記憶手段と、視機能検査の目的に応じて前記第1形状情報及び/又は前記第2形状情報に基づき前記注目部分の形状及び/又は前記グレア部分の形状を決定する決定手段とから構成される決定手段A1、又は、
複数の光源と、前記複数の光源のうち視機能検査においてグレア部分として用いる少なくとも1つの光源およびその位置を、視機能検査の目的に応じて決定する決定手段とから構成される決定手段A2の何れか一つと、
前記注目部分の輝度と背景部分の輝度との輝度コントラスト値と、前記注目部分および前記背景部分を含む視標の輝度平均値と、視標の色刺激の刺激値との組み合わせの少なくとも1つが異なる視標を前記被験者に順次提示する視機能検査手段と、
前記視機能検査手段による検査結果に基づいて、前記輝度コントラスト値と前記輝度平均値との相関を示す座標系において、前記色刺激の刺激値の組み合わせ毎に、前記被験者が視認性を有する領域と前記視認性を有しない領域との境界を求めることにより、少なくとも2つの前記境界を求める分析手段と
を有する視機能検査システム。 - 請求項1に記載の視機能検査システムにおいて、
前記視機能検査手段に代えて、
前記注目部分の輝度と背景部分の輝度との輝度コントラスト値と、前記注目部分および前記背景部分を含む視標の輝度平均値と、視標の色刺激の刺激値との組み合わせの少なくとも1つが異なる視標が前記被験者に順次提示されることにより得られる視機能検査の結果を受け付ける受付手段
を有する視機能検査システム。 - 請求項1または請求項2に記載の視機能検査システムによる検査結果に基づいて、前記被験者の視機能を補正するための光学部材の光学特性を算出する算出手段を有する光学特性算出システム。
- 請求項3に記載の光学特性算出システムにより算出した前記光学特性に基づいて、光学部材を選択する光学部材の選択方法。
- 請求項3に記載の光学特性算出システムにより算出した前記光学特性に基づいて、光学部材を製造する光学部材の製造方法。
- 請求項3に記載の光学特性算出システムにより算出した前記光学特性に基づいて光学部材を製造する工程を含む表示部材の製造方法。
- 請求項3に記載の光学特性算出システムにより算出した前記光学特性に基づいて光学部材を製造する工程を含む照明装置の製造方法。
- 視標に含まれる注目部分の互いに異なる複数の形状を示す第1形状情報及び/又は被験者の視野内に入る位置で前記視標に含まれるグレア部分の互いに異なる複数の形状を示す第2形状情報を記憶する記憶部と、視機能検査の目的に応じて前記第1形状情報及び/又は前記第2形状情報に基づき前記注目部分の形状及び/又は前記グレア部分の形状を決定する決定部とから構成される決定部B1又は、
外部の複数の光源のうち視機能検査においてグレア部分として用いる少なくとも1つの光源およびその位置を、視機能検査の目的に応じて決定する決定部から構成される決定部B2の何れか一つと、
前記被験者に対して前記視標を提示する提示部と、
前記注目部分の輝度と背景部分の輝度との輝度コントラスト値と、前記注目部分および前記背景部分を含む視標の輝度平均値と、視標の色刺激の刺激値との組み合わせの少なくとも1つが異なる視標を前記提示部に順次提示する視機能検査を実行する検査部と、
前記視機能検査による検査結果に基づいて、前記輝度コントラスト値と前記輝度平均値との相関を示す座標系において、前記色刺激の刺激値の組み合わせ毎に、前記被験者が視認性を有する領域と前記視認性を有しない領域との境界を求めることにより、少なくとも2つの前記境界を求める分析部と
を有する視機能検査装置。 - 請求項8に記載の視機能検査装置による検査結果に基づいて、前記被験者の視機能を補正するための光学部材の光学特性を算出する算出部を有する光学特性算出装置。
- 視標に含まれる注目部分の互いに異なる複数の形状を示す第1形状情報及び/又は被験者の視野内に入る位置で前記視標に含まれるグレア部分の互いに異なる複数の形状を示す第2形状情報に基づき前記注目部分の形状及び/又は前記グレア部分の形状を視機能検査の目的に応じて決定する決定工程から構成される決定工程C1又は、
複数の光源のうち視機能検査においてグレア部分として用いる少なくとも1つの光源およびその位置を、視機能検査の目的に応じて決定する決定工程から構成される決定工程C2のいずれか一つと、
前記注目部分の輝度と背景部分の輝度との輝度コントラスト値と、前記注目部分および前記背景部分を含む視標の輝度平均値と、視標の色刺激の刺激値との組み合わせの少なくとも1つが異なる視標を前記被験者に順次提示する視機能検査工程と、
前記視機能検査工程における検査結果に基づいて、前記輝度コントラスト値と前記輝度平均値との相関を示す座標系において、前記色刺激の刺激値の組み合わせ毎に、前記被験者が視認性を有する領域と前記視認性を有しない領域との境界を求めることにより、少なくとも2つの前記境界を求める分析工程と
を有する視機能検査方法。 - 請求項10に記載の視機能検査方法による検査結果に基づいて、前記被験者の視機能を補正するための光学部材の光学特性を算出する算出工程を有する光学特性の算出方法。
- 視標に含まれる注目部分の互いに異なる複数の形状を示す第1形状情報及び/又は被験者の視野内に入る位置で前記視標に含まれるグレア部分の互いに異なる複数の形状を示す第2形状情報に基づき前記注目部分の形状及び/又は前記グレア部分の形状を視機能検査の目的に応じて決定する決定ステップから構成される決定ステップD1又は、
複数の光源のうち視機能検査においてグレア部分として用いる少なくとも1つの光源およびその位置を、視機能検査の目的に応じて決定する決定ステップから構成される決定ステップD2の何れか一つと、
前記注目部分の輝度と背景部分の輝度との輝度コントラスト値と、前記注目部分および前記背景部分を含む視標の輝度平均値と、視標の色刺激の刺激値との組み合わせの少なくとも1つが異なる視標を前記被験者に順次提示する視機能検査ステップと、
前記視機能検査ステップによる検査結果に基づいて、前記輝度コントラスト値と前記輝度平均値との相関を示す座標系において、前記色刺激の刺激値の組み合わせ毎に、前記被験者が視認性を有する領域と前記視認性を有しない領域との境界を求めることにより、少なくとも2つの前記境界を求める分析ステップと
をコンピュータに実行させるためのプログラム。 - 請求項12に記載のプログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な記録媒体。
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