Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
  • B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
  • B41F23/04—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
  • B41F23/0403—Drying webs
  • B41F23/0436—Drying webs using a combination of radiation, conduction or convection
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
  • B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
  • B41F23/04—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
  • B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
  • B41F23/04—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
  • B41F23/0403—Drying webs
  • B41F23/0406—Drying webs by radiation
  • B41F23/0413—Infrared dryers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
  • B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
  • B41F23/00—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing
  • B41F23/04—Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
  • B41F23/044—Drying sheets, e.g. between two printing stations
  • B41F23/045—Drying sheets, e.g. between two printing stations by radiation
  • B41F23/0456—Drying sheets, e.g. between two printing stations by radiation by infrared dryers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F26—DRYING
  • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
  • F26B13/00—Machines and apparatus for drying fabrics, fibres, yarns, or other materials in long lengths, with progressive movement
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F26—DRYING
  • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
  • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F26—DRYING
  • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
  • F26B21/00—Arrangements for supplying or controlling air or other gases for drying solid materials or objects
  • F26B21/50—Ducting arrangements from the source of air or other gases to the materials or objects being dried
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F26—DRYING
  • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
  • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
  • F26B25/005—Treatment of dryer exhaust gases
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F26—DRYING
  • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
  • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
  • F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
  • F26B3/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour circulating over or surrounding the materials or objects to be dried
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F26—DRYING
  • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
  • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
  • F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
  • F26B3/283—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun in combination with convection
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F26—DRYING
  • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
  • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
  • F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
  • F26B3/30—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun from infrared-emitting elements

Definitions

• the invention relates to a process for the at least partial drying of a
• the invention relates to an infrared dryer module for drying a substrate moved in a substrate plane and in a transport direction through a process chamber, comprising
• radiator unit which comprises at least one infrared radiator having a longitudinal axis for emission of infrared radiation onto the substrate plane
• a process gas supply unit with a process gas collecting space having at least one inlet opening for the introduction of process gas from the process gas collecting space in the process space, wherein the inlet opening adjacent a gas guide, which is in the direction of the substrate level extends
• an exhaust unit with at least one suction channel for the discharge of moisture-laden process gas from the process space
• the invention relates to a drying system for drying a substrate moved in a substrate plane and in a transport direction through a process space.
• drying systems for example, for the drying of inks, paints, varnishes, adhesives or other solvent-containing layers, and in particular for drying paper and cardboard and products thereof and of printed products.
• printing inks For printing sheet-like or web-like substrates from paper, paperboard, foil or cardboard with printing inks, offset printing machines, lithographic printing machines, rotary printing machines or flexo printing machines are commonly used.
• Typical ingredients of printing inks and inks are oils, resins, water and binders.
• drying is required which can be based on both physical and chemical drying processes. Physical drying processes include the evaporation of solvents (especially water) and their diffusion into the substrate, which is also known as “knocking off”. Chemical drying is understood to mean the oxidation or polymerization of printing ink constituents.
• IR dryer systems feature further functional components such as cooling, supply air and exhaust air, which are linked and controlled in different ways in an air management system.
• DE 10 2010 046 756 A1 describes a dryer module and a dryer system composed of a plurality of dryer modules for printing machines for printing sheet or roll material.
• the dryer system consists of a plurality of dryer modules arranged transversely to the transport direction, each of which has an elongate infrared radiator aligned with the printing material to be dried, whose longitudinal axis is perpendicular to the transport direction of the printing material.
• an air flow is generated which acts on the infrared radiator and on the printing material.
• the infrared radiator is arranged within a process space for the printing substrate.
• the supply air is supplied to a supply air collecting space and heated therein by means of a heating device.
• the air heated by the infrared radiator is removed by means of a fan, added to the heated supply air and the infrared radiator thereby cooled.
• the heated supply air enters the process area via gas outlet nozzles in the form of slot nozzles.
• the gas outlet nozzles are arranged on both sides of the infrared radiator, wherein the slot in the transport direction for the printing material obliquely to the substrate plane with an orientation opposite to the transport direction, and the rear in the transport direction slot nozzle also obliquely to the substrate level with an orientation in the transport direction.
• the degree of inclination of the slot nozzles can be changed by a motor.
• the supply air laden with moisture is removed as exhaust air via an intake duct and partially fed to a heat exchanger, and another part added to the Zu Kunststoffsammelraum.
• the process gas is heated by means of a dedicated heating device.
• the heated process gas exits via the slit nozzles in the direction of the printing material as a heated air flow and acts locally on the substrate to be dried and otherwise more or less undefined until it is sucked off at another location as air laden with moisture.
• the effectiveness of the drying air regarding Moisture removal from the substrate surface is therefore not exactly reproducible.
• Slot nozzles are structurally relatively complex.
• the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a drying method which is reproducible and effective and, in particular with regard to homogeneity and rapid drying of the substrate, leads to an improved result.
• the invention has for its object to provide an energy-efficient IR dryer module and a dryer system, which are improved in particular for the drying of solvent-containing and especially water-based ink in terms of homogeneity and rapid drying.
• this object is achieved on the basis of a method of the type mentioned above in that the at least two process gas flows are directed to the infrared radiator before they act on the substrate, and that each directed to the substrate process gas flow from the Substrate away exhaust air flow is spatially associated.
• the at least two process gas flows are conducted to the infrared radiator before they act on the substrate.
• the process gas is air in the simplest case. It primarily serves
• the process gas is heated before it acts on the substrate.
• the two process gas flows are heated by impinging on the hot infrared radiator and on any hot gas conducting elements in its immediate vicinity.
• the process gas flows are guided to the infrared radiator, so that they at least partially flow around the radiator. At the same time they cool the infrared radiator and any gas conducting elements in the environment. By warming up the process gas, it can absorb a larger amount of moisture.
• the at least one infrared radiator is, for example, a tubular radiator with a long-mounted radiator tube or a U-shaped or annular curved radiator tube or a plate-shaped, tile-shaped radiator. It can comprise a reflector and a housing.
• the heating of the process gas by flowing the infrared radiator is done in these infrared radiator embodiments, for example, characterized in that the process gas flows around the radiator tube on its longitudinal sides, or by striking the planets of a plate-shaped infrared radiator and laterally or through openings in the radiator plate in the direction the process room is forwarded.
• Such infrared radiators for example, have an emission wavelength in the range from about 1000 to 2750 nm and, as a rule, they must be actively cooled, in particular in confined spaces, as are typical for printing presses, in order to protect them from overheating.
• the process gas reaching the infrared radiator is heated and at the same time it cools the infrared radiator.
• the cooling gas for the infrared radiator after its heating simultaneously serves as a heated process gas for the drying process. Additional heating of the process gas can be dispensed with, or the additional heating of the process gas can take place with less energy input than would be the case without the additional heating by the infrared radiator, which is to be cooled anyway. This results in an efficient use of energy.
• Each process gas flow directed to the substrate is spatially associated with an exhaust air flow leading away from the substrate.
• the heated process gas is introduced into the process chamber as directed and heated process gas flow.
• the process gas flow is not diffusive, but has a main propagation direction in which, depending on the volume of the process gas and the flow velocity, it penetrates onto the substrate surface and impinges on it at a preset angle, where it dries on the coated substrate.
• the action here means that the process gas flow dries the layer, for example by Solvent from the layer is added to the gas phase and generated in the region of the substrate surface Gasverwirbelisme.
• the process gas loaded with moisture and other gaseous components emanating from the substrate are removed as exhaust air from the process area completely or partially.
• the directed flow of the exhaust air is generated by the suction through a suction channel, so that the exhaust air flow - as the process gas flow - has a main propagation direction.
• the direction of the exhaust air flow is decisively determined by the position and orientation of the exhaust duct in relation to the substrate surface and defined as an imaginary extension of the exhaust duct to the substrate surface.
• the spatial allocation of the process gas flows and the exhaust air flow results from the fact that each of the at least two process gas flows impinging on the substrate surface is adjacent to at least one exhaust air flow, or better if each of the at least two process gas flows on the substrate surface An exhaust air flow meets.
• the spatial allocation causes an interaction of the respective gas flows on the substrate surface.
• the interaction of the respective gas flows is thus effected on the one hand by the fact that the flow directions differ from heated process gas and from exhaust air laden with moisture, and on the other hand by the fact that they inevitably come into contact as a result of the explained spatial allocation.
• the thus enforced interaction between process gas flow and exhaust air flow leads to a gas turbulence in the immediate vicinity of the substrate surface. This gas turbulence can cause a disturbance, reduction or even detachment of the fluid-dynamic laminar flow boundary layer and thus bring about an improvement in the mass transport and, in particular, the removal of moisture from the substrate.
• the principal directions of propagation of process gas and exhaust air in the preferred case are at an angle of less than 90 degrees, and in the most preferred case they are counter-directed.
• the infrared radiator is - preferably centrally - arranged in or below a slot-shaped inlet opening of the process space limiting wall so that it forms a longitudinal gap or preferably two equal width longitudinal gaps with the wall, from which the process gas along the two longitudinal sides of the infrared radiator in the direction on the substrate surface emerges.
• the slot-shaped inlet opening is designed, for example, as a continuous gap or as a series of individual openings.
• the infrared radiator thus contributes to the generation of the two process gas flows and it is simultaneously impinged by the process gas flows.
• Each of the process gas flows generated in this process acts on the substrate to be dried in a strip-shaped surface area.
• the respective associated suction flows are each preferably formed in strip form.
• the emitter unit used for the purpose of a planar infrared irradiation of the substrate comprises a multiplicity of infrared emitters, each of which has mutually parallel longitudinal axes.
• a process gas flow directed onto the substrate is guided around each of the infrared radiator longitudinal sides, with adjacent process gas flows of adjacent infrared radiators spatially associated with a common exhaust air flow.
• an exhaust air flow in each case runs between two process gas flows, one of which is assigned to one infrared radiator and the other to the adjacent infrared radiator. Seen in the direction of the infrared radiator longitudinal axis, the flow sequence results between the two adjacent infrared radiators: process gas flow, exhaust air flow, process gas flow.
• the process gas flows involved in this process interact with the common exhaust air flow and they can preferably also interact with one another, namely on a common strip-shaped region of the substrate surface.
• the infrared radiator longitudinal axes can run perpendicular to the substrate transport direction and thereby extend over the entire width of the substrate, for example. However, in some applications, for example printing presses, it is desired that one and the same device can be used to treat substrates of different widths. Optionally, infrared radiation is required only via the so-called "format width", which may be smaller than the total equipped with infrared radiators equipment width of the device. In particular with regard to this, it has proved to be advantageous if the infrared radiator longitudinal axes extend in the substrate transport direction or enclose an angle of less than 30 degrees with the substrate transport direction
• infrared radiators are arranged in the direction of the substrate transport direction, peripheral infrared radiators of the overall population can be simply switched off as required.
• strip-like inhomogeneities in the substrate transport direction which can occur as a result of this arrangement in the drying effect on the substrate, is a slight inclination of the infrared radiator arrangement with respect to the transport direction, wherein the skew angle is small and advantageously less than 30 degrees.
• Another preferred method is characterized in that the process space is formed in an infrared dryer module which, seen in the transport direction of the substrate, has a combination of the following components: a front air knife (Air Knife), one with several parallel to one another arrayed infrared radiators irradiation space, an air exchanger unit with integrated suction and a rear air knife.
• a front air knife Air Knife
• an air exchanger unit with integrated suction and a rear air knife.
• the irradiation chamber is equipped with a radiator array of infrared radiators, and therein takes place the above-described treatment of the substrate by heating and drying under the action of process gas, suction and infrared radiation.
• the front air knife generates an intensive air flow directed towards the substrate surface in the transport direction, which breaks through the laminar flow boundary layer on the substrate, generates turbulences and thereby promotes evaporation already at the beginning of the drying process.
• unwanted substances can be introduced into the process space, both via the gas phase and with the substrate, for example substances in gaseous or liquid form, which adhere to the substrate surfaces.
• the front air knife is subsequently provided with a suction in the direction of transport.
• This optional extraction removes some of the air and components that are removed from the surface of the substrate by means of the front air knife Gas phase have been transferred, already removed from the process room from the beginning.
• the rear air knife also generates an intense airflow directed at the substrate surface, which breaks the laminar flow boundary layer on the substrate at the process end.
• the process gas accumulated in front of the air knife is sucked off in a controlled manner by the air exchange unit with integrated extraction in the transport direction and can be disposed of in a controlled manner via the process chamber extraction system.
• the air exchange unit generates at least one directed onto the substrate surface directed air jet and it has an exhaust, by means of which the air jet is removed again immediately after its action on the substrate surface.
• the air exchange unit consists, for example, of an arrangement of gas inlet nozzles arranged in alternation and suction channels, which extends over the entire width of the substrate. It has the task of taking along the moisture resulting from the action of the infrared radiation by means of intensive air turbulence and transported away. The direct extraction contributes to a low discharge of impurities from the dryer module.
• the rear air knife thus completes the process step of drying the substrate within the respective dryer module.
• the front and rear air knives thus also take over the function of air curtains at the entrance and exit of the dryer module and thus seal the IR module pneumatically.
• the interaction of the irradiation space with the other components described reduces the risk that contaminants, and in particular water, will be introduced into the process space and emitted out of the dryer module. This enables a special This low-water process room improves and optimizes the drying effect.
• the increase of the flow volume preferably takes place continuously by continuous enlargement of an open flow cross-section of an outlet opening extending along the infrared radiator longitudinal axes for the process gas into the process space.
• the inventive method comprises a process gas amount control, when the gas introduced into the dryer module gas volume V is set at less than the out of the dryer module aspirated gas volume
• the gas volume extracted from the process chamber is larger than the gas volume introduced into the process chamber. This ensures that as possible no toxic or otherwise undesirable substances escape from the process space.
• the gas volume introduced into the process chamber comprises the volume of process gas and, if appropriate, the gas volumes introduced via the air exchanger unit and the air knife (s).
• the object mentioned in the introduction is achieved according to the invention in that the infrared radiator is arranged with respect to the inlet opening such that it forms an inlet channel for the process gas with the gas guide element on both sides of its longitudinal axis. at least one process gas suction channel is adjacent to the process gas inlet channel.
• the infrared radiator is arranged with respect to the inlet opening so that it forms an inlet channel for the process gas with the gas guide element on both sides of its longitudinal axis.
• the at least one infrared radiator is, for example, a tubular radiator with a long-mounted or a U-shaped bent radiator tube or a plate-shaped, tiled radiator. It has a longitudinal axis and it can include a reflector and a housing.
• the inlet opening is parallel to the infrared radiator longitudinal axis; it is executed in example as a continuous gap or as a juxtaposition of a plurality of individual openings.
• the at least one infrared radiator is arranged with respect to the process gas inlet opening in such a way that it is directly flowed against and circulated by the process gas flowing from the inlet opening into the process space.
• the intermediate space between the infrared radiator and the gas conduction elements forms an inlet channel for at least two process gas flows on each side of its longitudinal axis.
• the gas outlet of the process gas inlet channel is directed perpendicular or at an angle to the substrate plane.
• the gas guide elements can be used to guide the process gas flowing out of the inlet opening into the process chamber in the direction of the infrared emitter; if appropriate, they extend to near the infrared emitter or even beyond in the direction of the substrate plane.
• the gas-conducting elements and the infrared radiator are thus cooled by the process gas, which is thereby simultaneously produced. is heated.
• the cooling gas for the infrared radiator is used after its heating as a heated process gas. Additional heating of the process gas can be dispensed with, or the additional heating of the process gas can take place with less energy input than would be the case without the additional heating by the infrared radiator, which is to be cooled anyway. This results in an efficient use of energy.
• the infrared radiator is part of the process gas guide; it contributes to the formation and guidance of the process gas flows over at least a small section.
• Each process gas inlet channel is followed by at least one process gas suction channel.
• the heated process gas passes through the process gas inlet channel as directed and heated process gas flow into the process space.
• the process gas flow is not diffuse but has a main propagation direction in which, depending on the volume of the process gas and the flow velocity, it penetrates the substrate surface and impinges on it at a preset angle, where it dries on the substrate.
• the moisture-laden process gas and other gaseous components leaving the substrate are completely or partially removed from the process space.
• the directed flow of the exhaust air is generated by the exhaust via a suction channel, so that the exhaust air flow - as the process gas flow - has a main direction of propagation.
• the direction of the flow is largely determined by the position and orientation of the suction channel in relation to the substrate plane.
• a suction channel is adjacent to each inlet channel, it also follows that at least one exhaust air flow is adjacent to each of the at least two process gas flows impinging on the substrate surface, or even better, that each of the at least two process gas flows the substrate surface coincides with an exhaust air flow.
• an interaction of the respective gas flows is generated on the substrate surface.
• the interaction of the respective gas flows is thus on the one hand caused by the fact that the flow directions of heated process gas and of moisture-laden exhaust air differ, and, on the other hand, that they come together as a result of the spatial allocation described.
• the thus enforced interaction between process gas flow and exhaust air flow leads to a gas turbulence in the immediate vicinity of the substrate surface. This gas turbulence can cause a disturbance, reduction or even detachment of the fluid-dynamic laminar flow boundary layer and, concomitantly, an improvement in the mass transport and, in particular, the removal of moisture from the substrate.
• the dryer module In the case of the dryer module according to the invention, rapid and effective drying of the substrate with simultaneously low energy consumption is achieved on the basis of these measures.
• the degree of gas turbulence can be set reproducibly and thus also the degree of dryness.
• the principal directions of propagation of process gas and exhaust air in the preferred case are at an angle of less than 90 degrees, and in the most preferred case they are oppositely directed. It has proven to be advantageous if the gas-conducting element and the suction channel have a common wall section which terminates at a distance from the substrate plane.
• the heated process gas flows in the direction of the substrate plane, and on the other side of the common wall section, the moisture-laden process gas flows away from the substrate plane as exhaust air.
• a high flow velocity of the process gas flow and the smallest possible free distance of the end of the common wall section to the substrate plane contribute to the fact that as little process gas as possible reaches the suction channel at the end of the common wall section.
• the said free distance to the substrate plane may be less than 10 mm, for example.
• the emitter unit used for the purpose of a planar infrared irradiation of the substrate has a plurality of infrared Includes emitters, each having parallel longitudinal axes.
• a common suction channel is arranged between adjacent infrared radiators.
• Infrared radiator and suction channel alternate. This results in a particularly intensive gas turbulence and nevertheless a defined and reproducible effect of the process gas flow on the substrate to be dried.
• Infrared radiators with infrared radiators on both sides have a suction channel on each of their longitudinal sides, which is assigned to one of the two process gas flows.
• the exhaust air flow in the suction thus runs between two process gas flows, one of which is assigned to the one infrared radiator and the other the adjacent infrared radiator.
• the process gas flows involved interact with the common exhaust air flow and they can preferably also interact with each other.
• Peripheral infrared radiators have only with the adjacent infrared radiator a suction channel in common, with a separate, separate suction is arranged on its other long side, or there acts another suction.
• the infrared radiator longitudinal axes can run perpendicular to the substrate transport direction and thereby extend over the entire width of the substrate, for example. However, in some applications, for example printing presses, it is desired that one and the same device can be used to treat substrates of different widths. Optionally, infrared radiation is required only via the so-called "format width", which may be smaller than the total equipped with infrared radiators equipment width of the device. In particular, it has proved to be advantageous if the infrared radiator longitudinal axes extend in the substrate transport direction or enclose an angle of less than 30 degrees with the substrate transport direction
• the infrared radiators are arranged in the direction of the substrate transport direction, peripheral infrared radiators of the overall population can be simply switched off as required.
• a slight inclination of the infrared radiator arrangement is advantageous with respect to the transport direction, wherein the Angle of inclination is small and advantageously less than 30 degrees.
• the process space is formed in an infrared dryer module which, viewed in the transport direction, has the following components: a front air knife (air knife), an irradiation space equipped with a plurality of infrared heaters arranged parallel to one another , an air exchange unit with integrated extraction and a rear air knife.
• the irradiation chamber is equipped with a radiator array of infrared radiators, and therein takes place the above-described treatment of the substrate by heating and drying under the action of process gas, suction and infrared radiation.
• the front air knife generates an intensive air flow directed towards the substrate surface in the transport direction, which breaks through the laminar flow boundary layer on the substrate, generates turbulences and thereby promotes evaporation already at the beginning of the drying process.
• unwanted substances can be introduced into the process space, both via the gas phase as well as with the substrate, such as substances in gaseous or liquid form, which adhere to the substrate surfaces.
• an aspiration follows the front air knife in the transport direction.
• This optional suction removes part of the air and components that have been removed from the substrate surface and vaporized by the front air knife, from the beginning of the process chamber.
• the rear air knife also generates an intense airflow directed at the substrate surface, which breaks the laminar flow boundary layer on the substrate at the process end.
• the process gas accumulated in front of the air knife is sucked off in a controlled manner by the air exchange unit with integrated extraction in the transport direction and can be disposed of in a controlled manner via the process chamber extraction system.
• the air exchange unit generates at least one air jet directed onto the substrate surface and it has an extraction system by means of which the air jet is removed again immediately after its action on the substrate surface.
• the air exchange unit consists, for example, of an arrangement of alternately arranged gas inlet nozzles and suction channels, which extends over the entire width of the substrate. It has the task of taking along and carrying away the moisture that has arisen as a result of the influence of infrared radiation by means of intensive air turbulence.
• the rear air knife thus completes the process step of the substrate within the respective dryer module.
• the front and rear air knives thus also take over the function of air curtains at the entrance and exit of the dryer module and thus seal the IR module pneumatically.
• the interaction of the irradiation chamber with the other components described reduces the risk of contaminants, and in particular of water, being introduced into the entry into the process chamber and being emitted out of the dryer module. This allows a particularly water-poor process space and improves and optimizes the drying effect.
• the above-mentioned technical problem is solved according to the invention in that it contains a plurality of dryer modules according to the invention, which are arranged side by side and / or behind one another in the transport direction.
• FIG. 1 shows a printing press with a printing unit and an infrared
• FIG. 2 shows a dryer module according to the invention as part of the dryer system of the printing press of FIG. 1 in a longitudinal section in the printing material transport direction
• FIG. 3 shows a detail of the irradiation unit of the invention
• Dryer module in a section along the line A-A of Figure 2, and
• FIG. 4 shows a section of the irradiation unit in a plan view of radiation units in the direction of the arrow X of FIG. 3.
• a heating filament made of carbon or tungsten in spiral or ribbon form is enclosed in an inert gas-filled radiator tube, which is usually made of quartz glass.
• the heating filaments are equipped with electrical connections. which are inserted over one end or both ends of the radiator tube.
• Figure 1 shows schematically a printing machine in the form of a roller inkjet printing machine, the total number 1 is assigned.
• the material web 3 from a printing material, such as paper, to a printing unit 40.
• This includes several, along the web 3 successively arranged inkjet printheads 4, by the solvent on the substrate and insbesonde - Water-based inks are applied.
• the material web 3 then passes from the printing unit 40 via a deflecting roller 6 to an infrared dryer system 70.
• This is equipped with a plurality of dryer modules 7 which are designed for drying or repelling the solvent into the material web.
• the further transport path of the material web 3 passes through a tension roller 8, which is equipped with its own traction drive motor and via which the adjustment of the web tension takes place, to a take-up reel 9.
• each of the dryer modules is equipped with several infrared radiators - eighteen in the exemplary embodiment.
• the dryer modules are arranged in pairs next to and behind each other in the dryer system in the transport direction.
• the respective adjacent pair of dryer modules 7 covers the maximum format width of the printing machine 1.
• the dryer modules 7 and the individual infrared radiators are electrically controllable separately from one another.
• the transport speed of the material web 3 is set to 5 m / s. This is a comparatively high speed, which is made possible by an optimization of the individual processing steps, and which in particular requires a high drying rate.
• the drying method required for achieving this requirement and the dryer module 7 used for this purpose are explained in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4. Unless in these Figures are used the same reference numerals as in Figure 1, so construction equivalent or equivalent components and components are referred to, as they are explained in more detail above with reference to the description of the printing press.
• Directional arrows 28 indicate an airflow directed toward the surface of printing material 3 and directional arrows 29 an airflow leading away from printing substrate 3 and an interaction 35 of these airflows, which is explained with reference to FIG.
• the length of the directional arrows 28, which increases in the transporting direction 5; 29 symbolizes the increase in the respective flow volumes.
• the surface of the printing substrate 3 simultaneously corresponds to the substrate plane 3 a.
• the cross section shown in FIG. 3 comprises a section of the infrared irradiation chamber 25 along four identical infrared radiator units 30.
• the cross section shows a suction space 31, a gas supply space 32 and the actual infrared treatment space 33.
• the gas supply space 32 is connected to a gas inlet 36 and is composed of a plurality of gas collecting spaces 32 a, which are fluidly connected to one another via lines 32 b.
• Each radiator unit 30 has a gas collecting space 32a.
• Each gas collecting space 32 a is provided with a centrally extending, elongated opening 37 to the substrate treatment space 33.
• the elongated opening 37 has the shape of a longitudinal slot extending in the substrate transporting direction 5 (perpendicular to the plane of the paper) and extending on both longitudinal sides of gas guide elements 38a; 38b is limited.
• the Luftleitglocke 38 terminates at a distance of about 10 mm in front of the surface of the printing substrate 3 (the substrate plane 3a).
• the suction space 31 has a gas outlet 34 which is connected to a fan (not shown in the figure).
• a fan not shown in the figure.
• suction chamber 31 open gap-shaped suction channels 39 which extend between adjacent IR emitter units 30 and each end with the air guide elements 38a and 38b in front of the substrate level 3a.
• the infrared radiators 24 arranged in the substrate treatment space 33 are designed as commercial twin tube radiators. They consist of a quartz glass envelope, which is eight-shaped in cross section and encloses two subspaces separated by a central web. Its nominal output is 3,500 W. The total radiator length is 70 cm and the outer dimensions of the enveloping piston are 34 x 14 mm.
• the opening 37 for the cooling air in the treatment chamber 33 and behind the infrared radiator 24 can be seen.
• the opening width of the elongated opening 37 widens continuously in the transport direction 5.
• the width of the suction channels 39 remains constant in the transport direction 5.
• the transport direction 5 encloses an angle of 10 degrees with the longitudinal sides of the suction channels 39, or with the longitudinal axes of the infrared radiators 24 (not visible in the figure).
• the components of the dryer module 7 of Figure 2 have the following functions and effects.
• the front air knife 22 With the aid of the guide plate 22a, the front air knife 22 generates an intensive air flow 22b directed onto the printing substrate surface 3a in the transport direction 5, which breaks through the laminar flow boundary layer on the printing material 3, generates swirls and thereby causes evaporation already at the beginning of drying. favors the process of About the front air knife 22 in transport tion downstream suction, a part of the air and the components, which have been stirred up by means of the front Air Knifes 22, sucked out of the dryer module 7.
• the rear air knife 27 also generates an intensive, assisted, baffle 27a.
• On the substrate surface 3a directed air flow, which breaks through the lami- nary flow boundary layer on the substrate 3.
• the process gas 27b accumulated thereby in front of the air knife 27 is removed by the air exchange unit 26 located upstream in the transport direction.
• a plurality of air curtains 26a extending transversely to the transport direction 5 are produced by means of the air exchanger unit 26.
• a supply air flow 26b directed onto the printing substrate surface 3a is produced in each air curtain 26a and this is withdrawn again immediately after impinging on the printing material via an exhaust air flow 26c.
• the air exchanger unit 26 can take the moisture resulting from the action of the infrared radiation by means of intensive air turbulence and remove it via their inte grated suction, so that unwanted components can not leave the dryer module 7 in a controlled manner.
• the treatment of the printing substrate 3 in the infrared irradiation chamber 25 comprises heating by means of infrared radiation while being exposed to dry air.
• the cooling air flowing from the gas supply chamber 32 through the elongate opening into the treatment chamber 33 is divided into two process gas streams 28 which are partially guided around the infrared radiator 24 and around its enveloping pistons. In this case, the infrared radiator 24 is cooled and at the same time the cooling air is heated.
• a narrow gap results between the wall of the infrared radiator 24 and the air-conducting bell 38, which accelerates the two air flows 28 in the direction of the substance 3, so that they act intensively on them and cause moisture. transfer or absorb gas into the gas phase. As a result of their heating, the absorption capacity of the cooling air for moisture is increased.
• Each directed to the substrate 3 air flow 28 is spatially associated with a wegsetdem away from the printing material Ab povertyströmung 29 by the directions of inflowing air stream 28 and sucked air stream 29 are directed almost in opposite directions (they close in the embodiment, an angle of less than 30th Degree with each other) and in an interaction zone 35 meet, with the interaction zone 35 is located on the surface of the printing material 3.
• Each of the two air flows 28 therefore meets on the printing material surface with an exhaust air flow 29 together.
• An exhaust air flow 29 in each case runs between two air flows 28, one of which is assigned to one infrared radiator 24 and the other to the adjacent infrared radiator 24.
• the flow sequence follows between adjacent infrared radiators 24: air flow 28-exhaust air flow 29-air flow 28.
• These air flows 28 interact with the common exhaust air flow 29 and can preferably also interact with one another a common strip-shaped region 36 on the substrate surface.
• the interactions (interactions) of the flows 28, 29, 28 with one another produce in the common strip-shaped interaction region 35 of the substrate surface a particularly intense gas turbulence which particularly effectively disturbs, reduces or removes the laminar flow boundary layer at the printing material surface that a quick drying is achieved.
• the common use of an exhaust air flow 29 of two adjacent air flows 28 allows a spatially close arrangement of the infrared radiator 24 of the radiator field and thus an effective drying with a compact design.

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